A carrier communication coordination control method and system

Abstract

In view to the environment compatibility problem of the carrier communication module, the application discloses a kind of carrier communication collaborative control method and system, the control method includes power supply environment detection, budget model loading, power decision and safety check, power execution and compensation process, by the static budget control of environment identification and matching, fundamentally avoid the failure caused by power consumption exceeding standard in weak power supply environment;Local voltage drop prediction and defense mechanism effectively solve the "self-induced" failure of system instability caused by module itself emission current in terminal equipment;System architecture supports safe switching budget model and control strategy when detecting power supply environment change (such as hot plug), with dynamic adaptive capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power line carrier communication technology, and specifically to a carrier communication cooperative control method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, low-voltage power line carrier communication modules need to be compatible with various power supply environments, mainly including: 1. Single-phase smart energy meter: It usually uses a linear transformer for power supply, with an average power supply capacity of about 125mA. The allowable short-time peak current is limited (such as 250mA@20ms), and the power supply impedance is large.

[0003] 2. Three-phase smart energy meters: They are typically powered by switching power supplies, with a stronger average power supply capacity (approximately 400mA) and a significantly higher peak load capacity (e.g., 600mA@20ms) than single-phase meters.

[0004] 3. Electricity information acquisition terminal: It is usually provided with a stable 5V voltage by a switching power supply with sufficient average current capability (e.g., 800mA). However, the power supply output impedance and line impedance may cause severe local voltage drops during high current transients (e.g., 2A@1ms).

[0005] In existing technologies, carrier communication modules often employ a fixed transmit power strategy or only make simple dynamic adjustments based on the communication channel quality, failing to fully consider the differences in the electrical characteristics of the power supply hardware itself. This leads to two practical problems: first, in weak power supply environments such as single-phase meters, the module may cause system reset or communication failure due to excessive instantaneous power consumption (high bit error rate); second, in terminal environments, the module's own high current transmission may cause its power supply pin voltage to drop below the minimum operating voltage, causing communication failure. Existing solutions lack a closed-loop power collaborative control mechanism based on power supply environment identification, budget management, and local voltage safety prediction. In particular, current carrier communication technology inevitably encounters communication difficulties in the field, and existing technologies simply increase the transmit power arbitrarily, lacking principles and control, often ultimately causing the meter to malfunction. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to address the reliability issues of low-voltage carrier communication modules in the prior art, which are unable to adapt to the electrical constraints of different power supply environments. Specifically, it provides a system and method capable of automatically identifying the power supply environment, loading corresponding power consumption budgets, predicting and preventing local voltage drops, thereby achieving intelligent and safe power control—that is, an intelligent power collaborative control method and system for low-voltage carrier communication modules oriented towards multi-level power supply constraints.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention designs a carrier communication cooperative control method, which is used to control a carrier communication module. The control method includes: S1. Power supply environment detection: Execute the active load test process. When powered on or when a specific event is triggered, classify and determine the current power supply environment based on the power supply voltage, current and their combined change characteristics, or based on the differences in voltage level and load capacity. The power supply environment includes single-phase meters, three-phase meters or terminal equipment. S2. Budget Model Loading: Based on the detected environment identifier, load the corresponding budget model; the budget model has a pre-stored configuration table of static parameters that strictly corresponds to the three power supply environments, and the pre-stored configuration table includes the pre-stored values ​​of average current, peak current, peak duration and minimum operating voltage parameters. S3. Power Decision and Safety Verification: Before each launch mission, the decision-maker queries the power consumption budget status. If it is in the terminal environment, it also needs to call the voltage drop prediction model to perform dual verification of budget and safety. The voltage drop prediction model identifies the power supply output impedance and filter capacitor energy storage online, predicts the local voltage drop that may be caused by high current launch, and triggers defense actions when the prediction is unsafe. S4. Power Execution and Compensation: Based on the current power consumption budget margin and voltage safety prediction results, determine the final transmit power level, timing and data packet splitting strategy, and execute the power command that has passed the verification.

[0008] Furthermore, power supply environment testing methods include: S11. Initial voltage criterion: Sample the supply voltage Vcc. If Vcc∈[11.0V, 13.0V], it is determined to be a 12V system branch; if Vcc∈[4.0V, 6.0V], it is determined to be a 5V system branch. S12, 12V system branch detection: S121. The control system starts from 50mA and gradually increases the load current to 300mA in 50mA increments. S122. Monitor the voltage drop ΔV value at each step; S123. Judgment: If ΔV > 0.5V when the current reaches 300mA, it is determined to be a single-phase meter environment (ENV_SINGLE_PHASE); otherwise, it is determined to be a three-phase meter environment (ENV_THREE_PHASE). S13, 5V system branch detection: S131, The control system applies a 1.5A pulse load with a duration of 1ms.

[0009] S132, the time T_recovery for the voltage to recover to normal value (fluctuation <2%) after the load is removed.

[0010] S133. Judgment: If T_recovery < 2ms, it is determined to be a standard terminal environment (ENV_TERMINAL_NORMAL); otherwise, it is a weak power supply terminal environment (ENV_TERMINAL_WEAK).

[0011] S12 and S13 have no specific order and are carried out based on the actual voltage detection results.

[0012] Furthermore, the pre-stored parameters of the single-phase meter environmental budget model include an average current of 125mA, a peak current of 250mA, a peak duration of 20ms, and a minimum operating voltage of 11000mV; the pre-stored parameters of the three-phase meter environmental budget model include an average current of 400mA, a peak current of 600mA, a peak duration of 20ms, and a minimum operating voltage of 11000mV; and the pre-stored parameters of the terminal equipment environmental budget model include an average current of 800mA, a peak current of 2000mA, a peak duration of 1ms, and a minimum operating voltage of 4500mV.

[0013] Furthermore, a predefined structure `struct power_budget_config` stores the pre-stored values ​​of the parameters. After the power supply environment detection is completed, the system calls the function `load_budget_config(env_name)` to load the corresponding configuration (i.e., the pre-stored values).

[0014] Furthermore, denoted as the output impedance estimate R_out (mΩ) and the filter capacitor energy estimate C_energy (uJ), the voltage drop prediction model identifies and predicts the voltage drop V_drop online by injecting a test current pulse and observing the voltage response. V_drop = I_step * R_out + (I_step 2 * t) / (2 * C_energy) For terminal environments, if the predicted V_drop is greater than (Vcc_current - 4.5V), or for three-phase meter environments, if the predicted V_drop is greater than (Vcc_current - 11V), it is considered unsafe and a defense strategy will be triggered. Vcc_current is the current detected voltage value; where I_step is the current step, and t is the duration (duration_ms), generally in ms.

[0015] Furthermore, the power execution and compensation includes, for weak power supply environments such as single-phase meters, forcing the user to enter a deep sleep period after transmitting peak current or peak power to compensate for average power consumption; for terminal environments, when a voltage drop risk is predicted, adopting defense strategies such as time-division transmission, pre-charging, or command-level power reduction; for three-phase meter environments, the power execution and compensation includes, forcing the user to enter a deep sleep period after transmitting peak current or peak power to compensate for average power consumption, or adopting time-division transmission, pre-charging, or command-level power reduction defense strategies when a voltage drop risk is predicted.

[0016] Furthermore, when the environment detection identifies it as a single-phase meter ENV_SINGLE_PHASE environment, the single-phase meter budget configuration is loaded. If the decision engine receives a transmit request with a given peak current and a duration of 15ms, then: The power verification function check_budget() checks the peak token bucket. If the margin is sufficient, the transmission task (signal loading and transmission) is executed. After the task is completed, the token bucket is updated using the update function update_budget(). At the same time, the system is forced into a deep sleep period to ensure that the long-term average current does not exceed the pre-stored average current and to compensate for the peak power consumption.

[0017] Furthermore, when the operating environment of the communication module changes, the module environment switch triggers an environment re-detection process; the control method also includes: Secure pause: The system securely suspends all in-transit communication transactions; Re-detection and reset: Execute detect_power_environment(), identify the new environment as ENV_SINGLE_PHASE, call system_init_and_calibration(), unload the terminal budget model and predictor, load the corresponding new environment single-phase table budget model, and calibrate the power consumption reference; Degradation strategy execution: If the transmit power consumption is limited in the new environment, the tasks in the task queue to be executed must pass the more stringent single-phase table token bucket review of the new environment. If the review fails, the task will be rejected or split into multiple small data packets that conform to the peak specifications of the new environment and sent in a time-sharing manner.

[0018] On the other hand, a carrier communication cooperative control system is provided, wherein the cooperative control system executes any of the aforementioned carrier communication cooperative control methods; the cooperative control system includes a power supply environment detection unit, a multi-level power consumption budget management unit, a voltage drop prediction and defense unit, an environment-aware power decision unit, and a power execution and compensation unit connected in sequence; when the detection environment is a single-phase meter environment, the multi-level power consumption budget management unit is directly connected to the environment-aware power decision unit. When the detection environment is a three-phase meter, and a forced sleep strategy is implemented after peak transmission, the multi-level power budget management unit is directly connected to the environmental awareness power decision unit. When voltage drop prediction is performed, the multi-level power budget management unit is connected to the environmental awareness power decision unit via the voltage drop prediction defense unit. The specific implementation depends on the actual transmission requirements. If high peak transmission power and long duration are common, a forced sleep strategy after transmission can be considered, but the voltage drop prediction strategy is usually preferred.

[0019] Furthermore, the power supply environment detection unit: when powered on or when a specific event is triggered, identifies the power supply environment in which the module is located based on the power supply voltage, current and their combined change characteristics. The power supply environment includes a single-phase meter, a three-phase meter or a terminal device. The multi-level power consumption budget management unit: pre-stores a static parameter budget configuration table corresponding to the power supply environment, and loads the corresponding configuration according to the detection results to manage current consumption; If the power supply environment is a terminal equipment environment, the voltage drop prediction and defense unit identifies the power output impedance and filter capacitor energy storage online, predicts the local voltage drop that may be caused by high current emission, and triggers defense action when the prediction is unsafe. The environmental awareness power decision unit integrates the current power consumption budget margin and voltage safety prediction results to decide the final transmit power level, timing, and data packet splitting strategy. The power execution and compensation unit performs transmission and power compensation according to the transmission parameters, and updates the system status (such as consumption budget) after completion, forming a closed loop.

[0020] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. High reliability: Through static budget control that identifies and matches the environment, the failure of the module due to excessive power consumption in a weak power supply environment is fundamentally avoided.

[0021] 2. Enhanced security: The unique local voltage drop prediction and defense mechanism effectively solves the "self-indulgent" fault caused by the module's own emission current in terminal equipment, which leads to system instability.

[0022] 3. Performance optimization: In environments with strong power supply (such as three-phase meters and terminals), higher transmission power (such as 22dBm) is allowed to improve communication success rate and distance; in environments with weak power supply, through intelligent scheduling and compensation mechanisms, communication performance is maintained as much as possible while meeting power consumption constraints (target 20dBm).

[0023] 4. High adaptability: The system architecture supports the safe switching of the budget model and control strategy when changes in the power supply environment are detected (such as hot-swapping), and has dynamic adaptability.

[0024] When encountering communication difficulties with carrier waves, the system does not blindly increase transmission power. Instead, based on the type of power supply environment detected, for single-phase meters with weak power supply, it forces the device into a deep sleep period after transmitting peak current or peak power to compensate for average power consumption. For terminal environments where voltage dips are predicted, time-sharing transmission, pre-charging, or command-level power reduction defense strategies are adopted. For three-phase meter environments, since three-phase carrier communication allows high transmission power and is less prone to voltage dips, one of the above two strategies can be selected or used in a time-sharing manner. Through the method of this invention, the overall increase in transmission power and its duration can be estimated. If an anomaly occurs or the system is deemed infeasible, transmission will be promptly interrupted, preventing the meter or terminal equipment from completely losing power and becoming inoperable. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a simplified flowchart of the carrier communication cooperative control method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a detailed flowchart of the carrier communication cooperative control method of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the carrier communication cooperative control system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this invention is a carrier communication cooperative control method. The control method is used to control a carrier communication module, which includes a normal core processor / controller (the main body of the control system), modulation / demodulation, and transmission / reception. Its basic working principle is as follows: Data transmission: Data signals enter through an external interface, are packaged and processed by the core processor according to the protocol, modulated onto a carrier by a modulator, and injected into the line after analog front-end amplification and coupling circuitry. Data reception: Data signals are received from the line through coupling circuitry and analog front-end filtering and amplification, restored to digital signals by a demodulator, unpacked and processed by the core processor, and finally output through the external interface. This invention proposes an intelligent power cooperative control method for multi-level power supply constraints. Its core lies in a closed-loop control architecture of "detection-configuration-verification-execution." The control method includes: S1. Power Supply Environment Detection: Execute the active load test process. Upon power-on or when a specific event is triggered, classify and determine the current power supply environment based on the power supply voltage, current, and their combined changes, or based on differences in voltage level and load capacity. The power supply environment includes single-phase meters, three-phase meters, or terminal equipment. Since the current, voltage, and their combined changes of single-phase meters, three-phase meters, or terminal equipment differ under different power supply environments, users can classify and identify them based on their conventional characteristics, such as identification based on power supply voltage or manual state setting. The specific event may include current / voltage sudden changes (such as those caused by hot-plugging), changes in manual state setting / re-identification requirements, etc.

[0028] S2. Budget Model Loading: Based on the detected environment identifier, load the corresponding budget model and initialize the power consumption token bucket. The budget model has a pre-stored configuration table of static parameters that strictly corresponds to the three power supply environments. The pre-stored configuration table includes pre-stored values ​​of average current, peak current, peak duration and minimum operating voltage parameters. The specific loading process is generally completed through the token bucket algorithm to achieve management of average and peak current consumption, etc. S3. Power Decision and Safety Verification: Before each launch mission, the decision-maker queries the power consumption budget status. If it is in the terminal environment, it also needs to call the voltage drop prediction model to perform dual verification of budget and safety. The voltage drop prediction model identifies the power supply output impedance and filter capacitor energy storage online, predicts the local voltage drop that may be caused by high current launch, and triggers defense actions when the prediction is unsafe. The final decision-making logic in this embodiment is as follows: Allow transmission: Only when there is sufficient token margin and (in the case of an end environment) the voltage drop prediction is within a safe range; Reject or adjust transmission: If there are insufficient tokens, or (in the case of an end environment) the voltage drop prediction exceeds the limit, the decision-maker rejects the current request or generates an adjusted solution (such as reducing the power level, enabling time-sharing transmission, or a pre-charge compensation strategy).

[0029] S4. Power Execution and Compensation: Based on the current power consumption budget margin and voltage safety prediction results, determine the final transmit power level, timing and data packet splitting strategy, and execute the power command that has passed the verification.

[0030] For weak power supply environments such as single-phase meters, a deep sleep period is forced after execution to compensate for average power consumption; for terminal environments where voltage drop risks are predicted, defensive strategies such as time-sharing transmission, pre-charging, or command-level power reduction are adopted.

[0031] Once the decision-maker issues a "permit to launch" command and determines the specific power level and timing, the process enters the execution phase.

[0032] Execution and Token Deduction: After the execution unit (RF module) completes signal transmission, it reports the actual energy consumption of this transmission to the "multi-level power budget management engine". Based on this actual value, the engine deducts the remaining tokens in the corresponding token bucket proportionally, realizing real-time consumption and tracking of the budget.

[0033] Environmental monitoring and process reset: The system continuously monitors the power supply voltage. In the event of a significant voltage surge (such as a topology change caused by hot-plugging equipment), a "voltage surge interruption" will be immediately triggered, forcing the system to jump back to the process start point and re-execute environmental monitoring, identifier output, and token bucket reloading and initialization. This is a crucial closed-loop feedback path for achieving dynamic constraint switching and ensuring real-time and effective control.

[0034] Specifically, such as and Figure 2 As shown, the power supply environment detection described in this embodiment is implemented by the function detect_power_environment(), and the method includes: S11. Initial voltage criterion: Sample the supply voltage Vcc. If Vcc∈[11.0V, 13.0V], it is determined to be a 12V system branch; if Vcc∈[4.0V, 6.0V], it is determined to be a 5V system branch. S12, 12V system branch detection: S121. The control system starts from 50mA and gradually increases the load current to 300mA in 50mA increments. S122. Monitor the voltage drop ΔV value (the drop relative to the initial value) at each step. S123. Judgment: If ΔV > 0.5V when the current reaches 300mA, it is judged as a single-phase meter environment (ENV_SINGLE_PHASE); otherwise, it is judged as a three-phase meter environment (ENV_THREE_PHASE). This judgment is mainly based on the fact that, in general, a single-phase meter environment only has one phase working, mainly facing a single user load, with a small total load. The load impact is significant when the carrier communication is transmitted, and the line is thin and long (when the meter is viewed from the grid side), with a large equivalent impedance and a more obvious voltage drop. On the other hand, a three-phase meter environment is generally facing commercial users or buildings, with a large total load. The load impact is small when the carrier communication is transmitted, and the line is thick and short, with a small equivalent impedance and a relatively small voltage drop.

[0035] S13, 5V system branch detection: S131, The control system applies a 1.5A pulse load with a duration of 1ms.

[0036] S132, the time T_recovery for the voltage to recover to normal value (fluctuation <2%) after the load is removed.

[0037] S133. Judgment: If T_recovery < 2ms, it is determined to be a standard terminal environment (ENV_TERMINAL_NORMAL); otherwise, it is a weak power supply terminal environment (ENV_TERMINAL_WEAK).

[0038] S12 and S13 have no specific order and are carried out based on the actual voltage detection results.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the system detects a power-on event or a specific voltage jump event caused by operations such as hot-plugging, it immediately triggers the environmental detection process, calls the detect_power_environment() function, and performs standardized electrical tests: Stepped load test: Apply a stepped load current to the power supply port and monitor its steady-state voltage maintenance capability and load-carrying characteristics; Transient pulse test: Inject a large instantaneous current pulse and observe the dynamic response and voltage recovery characteristics of the power supply system.

[0040] Key parameters are determined based on test results: The algorithm performs quantitative analysis from three core dimensions based on test response data: Supply voltage level: Determine the steady-state operating voltage range (e.g., whether it is below key thresholds such as 11V or 4.5V). Load capacity: Evaluates the stability of voltage under a given current load, reflecting the internal resistance and power output capability of the power supply system; Dynamic response: The transient response speed of the system to sudden loads is judged by indicators such as voltage recovery time.

[0041] Environment Classification and Output: The above judgment results are precisely matched with the pre-stored feature databases of three types of hardware power supply environments, and a unique environment identifier is output: Match the environmental characteristics of a single-phase energy meter → Output ENV_SINGLE_PHASE; Match the environmental characteristics of the three-phase energy meter → Output ENV_THREE_PHASE; Match terminal device environment characteristics → Output ENV_TERMINAL.

[0042] Preferably, the pre-stored parameters of the single-phase meter environmental budget model include an average current of 125mA, a peak current of 250mA, a peak duration of 20ms, and a minimum operating voltage of 11000mV; the pre-stored parameters of the three-phase meter environmental budget model include an average current of 400mA, a peak current of 600mA, a peak duration of 20ms, and a minimum operating voltage of 11000mV; and the pre-stored parameters of the terminal device environmental budget model include an average current of 800mA, a peak current of 2000mA, a peak duration of 1ms, and a minimum operating voltage of 4500mV.

[0043] The pre-stored configuration table for this embodiment is as follows: Preferably, in this embodiment, a predefined structure struct power_budget_config stores the pre-stored values ​​of parameters. After the power supply environment detection is completed, the system calls the function load_budget_config(env_name) to load the corresponding configuration (i.e., the pre-stored values). The token bucket includes an average token bucket and a peak token bucket.

[0044] Preferably, in this embodiment, voltage drop prediction is implemented by designing a predictor structure `struct voltage_drop_predictor`. This predictor structure includes an estimated output impedance value `R_out` (mΩ) and an estimated energy value `C_energy` (µJ) for the filter capacitor. The voltage drop prediction model identifies and predicts the voltage drop `V_drop` online by injecting a test current pulse and observing the voltage response. In this embodiment, the prediction function predict_voltage_drop(I_step, t) is designed to calculate the predicted voltage drop V_drop using the following formula: V_drop = I_step * R_out + (I_step 2 * t) / (2 * C_energy) In the terminal_strategy() decision function, for a terminal environment, if the predicted V_drop is greater than (Vcc_current - 4.5V), or for a three-phase meter environment, if the predicted V_drop is greater than (Vcc_current - 11V), it is determined to be unsafe and the defense strategy will be triggered. Vcc_current is the current detected voltage value; where I_step is the current step, and t is the duration (duration_ms), usually in ms.

[0045] Preferably, for weak power supply environments such as single-phase meters, the power execution and compensation includes forcing the user to enter a deep sleep period after transmitting peak current or peak power to compensate for average power consumption; for terminal environments, when a voltage drop risk is predicted, defensive strategies such as time-division transmission, pre-charging, or command-level power reduction are adopted.

[0046] For a three-phase meter environment, the power execution and compensation include: forcing the device into a deep sleep period after transmitting peak current or peak power to compensate for average power consumption (referred to as a forced sleep strategy), i.e., adopting a strategy similar to that of a single-phase meter; or when a voltage drop risk is predicted, adopting a time-division transmission, pre-charging, or command-level power reduction defense strategy (referred to as a voltage drop prediction strategy); or transmitting the signal across two phases, utilizing the three-phase balance characteristics, where some current pulses will form a loop between phases, reducing the current flowing to the neutral line and transformer windings, thereby reducing the impact on the phase voltage and the system; or reducing current pulse impact through spread spectrum communication and power spectral density control.

[0047] This embodiment prioritizes a voltage dip prediction strategy for three-phase meter environments.

[0048] Example 2: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the system generally checks whether the supply voltage is below a threshold before transmission. For single-phase or three-phase meter environments, it checks whether the voltage is below 11V; for terminal environments, it checks whether the voltage is below 4.5V. If the voltage is below the threshold, the transmission mission is rejected, a warning is issued, and the system waits for the next mission. A forced sleep strategy is implemented during power compensation in three-phase meter environments.

[0049] Preferably, when the environment detection identifies it as a single-phase meter ENV_SINGLE_PHASE environment, the single-phase meter budget configuration is loaded. In this embodiment, if the decision engine receives a transmit request requiring a peak current of 250mA and a duration of 15ms, then: The power verification function check_budget() checks the peak token bucket. If the margin is sufficient, the transmission task (signal loading and transmission) is executed. After the task is completed, the token bucket is updated using the update function update_budget(). At the same time, the system is forced to enter a deep sleep period of at least 80ms to ensure that the long-term average current does not exceed the pre-stored average current of 125mA, thus compensating for the peak power consumption.

[0050] Example 3: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that when the operating environment of the communication module changes, as in this embodiment where the communication module initially runs in a terminal environment using terminal_strategy, and then is hot-swapped to a single-phase meter base, the module environment switch triggers an environment re-detection process. In this embodiment, voltage monitoring detects a jump in Vcc from 5V to 12V, generating an interrupt and triggering the environment re-detection process. The control method also includes: Secure pause: The system securely suspends all in-transit communication transactions; Re-detection and reset: Execute detect_power_environment(), identify the new environment as ENV_SINGLE_PHASE, call system_init_and_calibration(), unload the terminal budget model and predictor, load the corresponding new environment single-phase table budget model, and calibrate the power consumption reference; Degradation strategy execution: If the transmit power consumption is limited in the new environment, the tasks in the task queue must pass the more stringent single-phase table new environment token bucket review. If the review fails, the transmission will be rejected or split into multiple small data packets that conform to the peak specifications of the new environment and sent in a time-sharing manner. The 2A instantaneous transmit request that was originally allowed in the terminal environment in this embodiment will be rejected or split into multiple small data packets that conform to the peak specifications of the single-phase table environment (≤250mA) and sent in a time-sharing manner. Enhanced forward error correction (enable_enhanced_fec()) will be enabled to compensate for the link performance loss caused by the power reduction.

[0051] Example 4: Example of task execution and compensation timing under single-phase weak power supply environment This embodiment demonstrates a complete closed-loop timing logic for single-phase energy meters in a low-power supply environment, from environmental assessment to task execution and energy consumption compensation. It strictly adheres to the "detection-decision-execution-compensation" architecture and emphasizes the core features of a conservative power budget strategy and forced sleep compensation in single-phase meter scenarios.

[0052] 1. Initialization and Configuration Loading Phase Timing start point (t0): The detect_power_environment() function is triggered immediately upon system power-on or detection of a voltage surge (such as a hot-plug event); Environment determination: This function, upon passing the test, outputs a unique environment identifier ENV_SINGLE_PHASE, confirming that the current environment is a single-phase meter power supply environment; Static budget loading: The environment identifier drives the "multi-level power budget management engine" to lock and load the single-phase table static power budget configuration table. Key constraint parameters are loaded and the corresponding token buckets are initialized. Average current constraint: 125 mA → mapped to token generation rate; Peak current constraint: 250 mA / 20 ms → mapped to token bucket capacity; Minimum operating voltage: 11 V; Decision mode selection: Based on current_env = ENV_SINGLE_PHASE, the system determines that only the single_phase_strategy strategy, i.e., single-phase verification mode, will be used in the future.

[0053] 2. Task Request and Decision Verification Phase Task Initiation (t1): The application layer generates a launch task request, which carries parameters such as the required operating current I_step and the expected duration t. Budget status query: The environmentally aware power decision-maker queries the multi-level power budget management engine for the current real-time status of the token bucket. The core indicator is the remaining amount of peak_tokens. Single-phase verification decision: The decision-maker executes the `single_phase_strategy` function. Since it's a single-phase environment, the voltage drop prediction and protection module is bypassed and does not participate in the decision-making process. The decision logic is simplified as follows: a. Determine if peak_tokens are sufficient to cover the estimated energy cost of this task; b. If there are enough tokens, output a "Allow Launch" command with the appropriate power level (usually a conservative target of 20dBm). c. If there are insufficient tokens, the decision output is "Reject" or "Adjust". Adjustment strategies include reducing the transmit power level or directly entering forced deep sleep to wait for tokens to accumulate.

[0054] 3. Task Execution and Dynamic Deduction Phase Command execution (t2): After receiving the "allow transmission" command, the radio frequency execution unit starts transmitting the carrier signal according to the specified power and timing; Energy consumption feedback: After the transmission action is completed, the execution unit feeds back the actual energy consumption data of this communication to the multi-level power budget management engine; Token deduction: The budget management engine deducts tokens from the corresponding avg_tokens and peak_tokens buckets proportionally based on the actual energy consumption value and updates the remaining amount in the buckets.

[0055] 4. Compensation Actions and Reset Monitoring Phase Compensation Trigger (t3): This is a key step in the single-phase meter scenario. Once the launch mission is completed and the token is deducted, the system immediately triggers the compensation mechanism. Forced Deep Sleep: To strictly meet the constraint of 125 mA long-term average current, the system enforces a deep sleep strategy. This operation is not optional, but a necessary action under budget constraints. It aims to "repay" the energy consumption budget consumed during the launch by extending the low-power sleep time, and ensure that the long-term average power consumption does not exceed the limit. Closed-loop reset monitoring: The system continuously monitors the power supply voltage during sleep and subsequent operation. Once a significant voltage surge is detected again, an interrupt is immediately generated, the timing jumps back to time t0, and the detect_power_environment() function is retried to start a new round of environmental classification and process closure.

[0056] Example 5: A carrier communication cooperative control system typically includes a carrier communication module or system comprising a core processor / controller (the main body of the control system), a modem, an analog front-end (a bridge connecting the digital processing unit and the physical circuitry, performing signal conditioning and driving, including transmission and reception), line coupling and protection circuitry, a memory, peripheral interface circuitry, a power management unit, a clock circuit, and an impedance matching network (optional). Its basic working principle is as follows: Data transmission: Data signals enter through the peripheral interface, are packaged and processed by the core processor according to the protocol, modulated onto the carrier by the modulator, amplified by the analog front-end, and injected into the line; Data reception: Data signals are filtered and amplified from the line by the coupling circuit and the analog front-end, demodulated back to digital signals by the demodulator, unpacked and processed by the core processor, and finally output through the peripheral interface; this embodiment, for example... Figure 3 As shown, an intelligent power cooperative control system for multi-level power supply constraints is proposed. Its core lies in a closed-loop control architecture of "detection-configuration-verification-execution". The cooperative control system executes any one of the carrier communication cooperative control methods in the aforementioned embodiments and their preferred schemes. The cooperative control system includes a power supply environment detection unit, a multi-level power budget management unit, a voltage drop prediction and defense unit, an environment-aware power decision unit, and a power execution and compensation unit connected in sequence. When the detection environment is a single-phase meter, the multi-level power budget management unit is directly connected to the environment-aware power decision unit. When the detection environment is a three-phase meter, and a forced sleep strategy is implemented after peak transmission, the multi-level power budget management unit is directly connected to the environment-aware power decision unit. When voltage drop prediction is performed, the multi-level power budget management unit is connected to the environment-aware power decision unit via the voltage drop prediction and defense unit.

[0057] Preferably, the power supply environment detection unit: when powered on or when a specific event is triggered, identifies the power supply environment in which the module is located based on the power supply voltage, current and their combined change characteristics. The power supply environment includes a single-phase meter, a three-phase meter or terminal equipment; such as identification based on power supply voltage or manual state setting. The power supply environment detection unit described in this embodiment executes the detect_power_environment function and uses stepped load testing or transient pulse testing to accurately classify the environment into: single-phase energy meter environment, three-phase energy meter environment, and terminal equipment environment, based on differences in power supply voltage level, load capacity, and voltage recovery time. These environments correspond to the environment identifiers ENV_SINGLE_PHASE, ENV_THREE_PHASE, and ENV_TERMINAL, respectively. These identifiers serve as the start signal and configuration basis for the entire collaborative control process, directly driving subsequent modules to load the corresponding constraint models.

[0058] The multi-level power consumption budget management unit: pre-stores static parameter budget configuration tables that strictly correspond to three power supply environments, loads the corresponding configurations according to the detection results, and manages average and peak current consumption through the token bucket algorithm; The multi-level power budget management unit described in this embodiment pre-stores three sets of static power budget configuration tables, which precisely correspond to the power supply capacity specifications (such as average current, peak current and its duration, and minimum operating voltage) of single-phase meters, three-phase meters, and terminal devices. Based on the environmental identifiers provided by the detection module, the corresponding budget table is locked and loaded. The token bucket algorithm (with pre-defined differentiated parameters for each environmental level) is used to accurately track and manage the dynamic cumulative power consumption within the time window. The receiving detection module completes the output initialization and provides the decision-maker with the real-time status of its internal token bucket (such as average and peak token balance) as a key quantitative indicator for multi-constraint joint optimization.

[0059] If the power supply environment is a terminal equipment environment, the voltage drop prediction and defense unit identifies the power output impedance and filter capacitor energy storage online, predicts the local voltage drop that may be caused by high current emission, and triggers defense action when the prediction is unsafe. The voltage drop prediction and defense unit described in this embodiment acts as a "dedicated safety sentinel" for the terminal device environment. It aims to address the safety issue of local voltage drops caused by sudden changes in the module's own transmit current under 5V low-voltage conditions, leading to malfunctions. This is primarily based on the model V_drop = I_step * R_out + (I_step...). 2 * t) / (2 * C_energy), by identifying the output impedance R_out of the power supply and the energy stored in the filter capacitor C_energy online, a forward-looking quantitative calculation of voltage drop is achieved; if the predicted drop will cause the voltage to fall below the minimum operating threshold (such as 4.5V), a proactive defense strategy is triggered, such as time-division multiplexing of data packets, pre-charging, and command-level power reduction.

[0060] In terminal scenarios, the prediction results of the voltage drop prediction and defense unit are key safety inputs for power decision-making, and together with the power consumption budget, they constitute a dual verification mechanism.

[0061] The environmental awareness power decision unit integrates the current power consumption budget margin and voltage safety prediction results to decide the final transmit power level, timing, and data packet splitting strategy. The environment-aware power decision unit described in this embodiment serves as the system's "intelligent control center," integrating all information to make final decisions and scheduling. Primarily based on the `current_env` variable, it dynamically calls completely different basic strategy functions (single_phase_strategy, three_phase_strategy, terminal_strategy); performing multi-dimensional joint decision-making to comprehensively optimize power supply constraints (budget token state), link quality, service priority, latency requirements, and voltage safety prediction results (in the terminal environment). The environmental awareness power decision unit receives and processes environmental information from the detection module, the budget status of the budget engine, and (if applicable) voltage drop prediction results, and finally issues a decision command containing the transmit power level, timing, and compensation action to the power execution and compensation unit.

[0062] The power execution and compensation unit performs transmission and power compensation according to the transmission parameters, and updates the system status (such as consumption budget) after completion, forming a closed loop.

[0063] The specific execution process is as follows: 1. Initialization: Power-on / voltage surge → triggers the detection module to generate an environmental identifier; 2. Configuration Loading: Environment Identifier → Load static parameters for the driver budget engine; Activate the prediction module in the terminal environment; 3. Decision-making and verification: Launch mission request → Decision-maker integrates budget status and (terminal environment) voltage prediction results → Generate power control decision; 4. Execution and Compensation: Decision instruction → Execution unit execution → Triggering differentiated compensation measures (such as forced deep sleep of single-phase table, time-sharing transmission of terminal); 5. Closed-loop feedback: Execution results are fed back and the internal model may be optimized; when the environment changes, it can be safely paused and restarted from the initialization phase to achieve dynamic adaptation.

[0064] The basic principle of this invention is: Environmental perception enables hierarchical strategy: detection results allow the system to dynamically switch between conservative strategy (single-phase meter), performance-priority strategy (three-phase meter), and voltage safety defense strategy (terminal).

[0065] Multi-model collaboration for precise quantification of constraints: The token bucket model transforms current constraints into computable indicators, while the voltage prediction model quantifies terminal voltage risk, providing precise input for decision-making.

[0066] Multidimensional joint optimization to find the balance point: Under the premise of satisfying the hard constraints of activation, the decision-maker balances link quality, service timeliness, power consumption and voltage safety through optimization algorithms, and outputs the optimal transmission scheme.

[0067] Differentiated execution compensation ensures a safe closed loop: post-execution compensation measures are linked to the environment to ensure that the optimization results are safely implemented without violating any power supply constraints.

[0068] In summary, the overall system architecture described in this invention is a complete adaptive control system that starts with environmental detection, is supported by multi-model collaboration, is centered on intelligent decision-making, and is guaranteed by closed-loop compensation. It effectively solves the contradiction between the uniformity of power control and the differences in environment under multi-level power supply constraints.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, including improvements to the software architecture, definitions of functions and structures, changes to pre-stored parameters, different voltage drop prediction methods, different emission compensation schemes, etc. These improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carrier communication cooperative control method, wherein the control method is used for controlling a carrier communication module, characterized in that, The control method includes: S1. Power supply environment detection: Execute the active load test process. When powered on or when a specific event is triggered, classify and determine the current power supply environment based on the power supply voltage, current and their combined change characteristics, or based on the differences in voltage level and load capacity. The power supply environment includes single-phase meters, three-phase meters or terminal equipment. S2. Budget Model Loading: Based on the detected environmental identifier, load the corresponding budget model; the budget model pre-stores a static parameter pre-stored configuration table corresponding to the power supply environment, the pre-stored configuration table includes pre-stored values ​​of average current, peak current, peak duration and minimum operating voltage parameters; S3. Power Decision and Safety Verification: Before each launch mission, the power consumption budget status is queried. If the environment is terminal, the voltage drop prediction model is called to perform dual verification of budget and safety. The voltage drop prediction model identifies the power supply output impedance and filter capacitor energy storage online, predicts the local voltage drop that may be caused by high current launch, and triggers defensive actions when the prediction is unsafe. S4. Power Execution and Compensation: Based on the current power consumption budget margin and voltage safety prediction results, determine the final transmit power level, timing and data packet splitting strategy, and execute the power command that has passed the verification.

2. The carrier communication cooperative control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Power supply environment testing methods include: S11. Initial voltage criterion: Sample the supply voltage Vcc. If Vcc∈[11.0V, 13.0V], it is determined to be a 12V system branch; if Vcc∈[4.0V, 6.0V], it is determined to be a 5V system branch. S12, 12V system branch detection: S121. Starting from 50mA, gradually increase the load current to 300mA in 50mA increments. S122. Monitor the voltage drop ΔV value at each step; S123. Judgment: If ΔV > 0.5V when the current reaches 300mA, it is determined to be a single-phase meter environment; otherwise, it is determined to be a three-phase meter environment. S13, 5V system branch detection: S131, Apply a 1.5A pulse load with a duration of 1ms; S132, T_recovery, the time it takes for the voltage to recover to normal value after the load is removed; S133. Judgment: If T_recovery < 2ms, it is determined to be a standard terminal environment; otherwise, it is a weak power supply terminal environment. S12 and S13 have no specific order and are carried out based on the actual voltage detection results.

3. The carrier communication cooperative control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-stored parameters of the single-phase meter environmental budget model include an average current of 125mA, a peak current of 250mA, a peak duration of 20ms, and a minimum operating voltage of 11000mV; the pre-stored parameters of the three-phase meter environmental budget model include an average current of 400mA, a peak current of 600mA, a peak duration of 20ms, and a minimum operating voltage of 11000mV. The pre-stored parameters of the terminal device environmental budget model include an average current of 800mA, a peak current of 2000mA, a peak duration of 1ms, and a minimum operating voltage of 4500mV.

4. The carrier communication cooperative control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A predefined structure stores pre-stored parameter values. After the power supply environment detection is completed, the system calls a function to load the corresponding configuration.

5. The carrier communication cooperative control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output impedance estimate R_out (mΩ) and the filter capacitor energy estimate C_energy (uJ) are recorded. The voltage drop prediction model identifies and predicts the voltage drop V_drop online by injecting a test current pulse and observing the voltage response. V_drop = I_step * R_out + (I_step 2 * t) / (2 * C_energy) For terminal environments, if the predicted V_drop is greater than (Vcc_current - 4.5V), or for three-phase meter environments, if the predicted V_drop is greater than (Vcc_current - 11V), it is determined to be unsafe and the defense strategy will be triggered. Vcc_current is the current detected voltage value. Where I_step is the current step and t is the duration.

6. The carrier communication cooperative control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, For single-phase meter weak power supply environments, the power execution and compensation includes forcing a deep sleep period after transmitting peak current or peak power to compensate for average power consumption; for terminal environments, when a voltage drop risk is predicted, time-division transmission, pre-charging, or command-level power reduction defense strategies are adopted; for three-phase meter environments, the power execution and compensation includes forcing a deep sleep period after transmitting peak current or peak power to compensate for average power consumption, or when a voltage drop risk is predicted, time-division transmission, pre-charging, or command-level power reduction defense strategies are adopted.

7. The carrier communication cooperative control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the environment detection identifies it as a single-phase meter ENV_SINGLE_PHASE environment, the single-phase meter budget configuration is loaded. The decision engine receives a transmit request with peak current and duration specified in the data. Then: The power verification function checks the peak token bucket. If the margin is sufficient, the launch task is executed. After the task is completed, the token bucket is updated using the update function. At the same time, the system is forced into a deep sleep period to ensure that the long-term average current does not exceed the pre-stored average current and to compensate for the peak power consumption.

8. The carrier communication cooperative control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the operating environment of the communication module changes, the module environment switch triggers an environment re-detection process; the control method further includes: Secure pause: The system securely suspends all in-transit communication transactions; Re-detection and reset: Identify the new environment, unload the terminal budget model and predictor, load the corresponding new environment budget model, and calibrate the power consumption baseline; Degradation strategy execution: If the power consumption of the new environment is limited, the tasks in the task queue must be reviewed by the token bucket of the new environment. If the review fails, the task will be rejected or split into multiple small data packets that conform to the peak specifications of the new environment and sent in a time-sharing manner.

9. A carrier communication cooperative control system, characterized in that, The cooperative control system executes any one of the carrier communication cooperative control methods in claims 1 to 8; the cooperative control system includes a power supply environment detection unit, a multi-level power budget management unit, a voltage drop prediction and defense unit, an environment-aware power decision unit, and a power execution and compensation unit connected in sequence. When the detection environment is a single-phase meter, the multi-level power budget management unit is directly connected to the environment-aware power decision unit; when the detection environment is a three-phase meter, and a forced sleep strategy is executed after peak transmission, the multi-level power budget management unit is directly connected to the environment-aware power decision unit; when voltage drop prediction is performed, the multi-level power budget management unit is connected to the environment-aware power decision unit via the voltage drop prediction and defense unit.

10. The carrier communication cooperative control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power supply environment detection unit: when powered on or when a specific event is triggered, identifies the power supply environment in which the module is located based on the power supply voltage, current and their combined change characteristics. The power supply environment includes single-phase meters, three-phase meters or terminal equipment. The multi-level power consumption budget management unit: pre-stores a static parameter budget configuration table corresponding to the power supply environment, and loads the corresponding configuration according to the detection results to manage current consumption; If the power supply environment is a terminal equipment environment, the voltage drop prediction and defense unit identifies the power output impedance and filter capacitor energy storage online, predicts the local voltage drop that may be caused by high current emission, and triggers defense action when the prediction is unsafe. The environmental awareness power decision unit integrates the current power consumption budget margin and voltage safety prediction results to decide the final transmit power level, timing, and data packet splitting strategy. The power execution and compensation unit performs transmission and power compensation according to the transmission parameters, and updates the system status after completion, forming a closed loop.

Images