Satellite communication antenna simulation method, device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a satellite communication antenna simulation method, device and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: converting the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics in an electromagnetic calculation environment into an equivalent multi-port network, and determining a scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network, wherein the electromagnetic calculation environment at least comprises a carrier space, a simulation signal source antenna and a to-be-tested antenna; the equivalent multi-port network is used for representing the electromagnetic coupling relationship among the carrier space, the simulation signal source antenna and the to-be-tested antenna; the scattering parameter matrix is used for representing the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network; an interference task is generated according to the first frequency domain response characteristics of a transmitting end and the second frequency domain response characteristics of a receiving end; and a performance evaluation parameter corresponding to the interference task is determined based on the scattering parameter matrix. The application solves the technical problems of slow satellite antenna research and development iteration, high cost and difficult risk prediction caused by low electromagnetic compatibility test and simulation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electromagnetic compatibility simulation and testing, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, and electronic device for simulating a satellite communication antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) assessments of vehicle-mounted low-orbit satellite communication antennas primarily rely on physical anechoic chamber testing or traditional full-wave electromagnetic simulation. Physical testing requires the construction of large anechoic chambers and the fabrication of physical prototypes, which are expensive and time-consuming, making it difficult to support rapid iteration of early-stage R&D solutions. Furthermore, related electromagnetic simulation methods suffer from problems such as large mesh sizes, long solution times, and convergence difficulties when dealing with complex scenarios such as electrically large vehicle-mounted platforms and electrically small antennas.

[0003] The aforementioned technical defects have led to extended satellite antenna development cycles, high testing costs, and difficulty in predicting early EMC risks, severely restricting efficient and low-cost iterative design processes.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a simulation method, apparatus, and electronic device for satellite communication antennas, which at least solves the technical problems of slow satellite antenna R&D iteration, high cost, and unpredictable risks caused by low efficiency of related electromagnetic compatibility testing and simulation.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, a method for simulating a satellite communication antenna is provided, comprising: converting the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics of an electromagnetic computing environment into an equivalent multi-port network, and determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network, wherein the electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, a simulated signal source antenna, and an antenna under test; the equivalent multi-port network is used to characterize the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the simulated signal source antenna, and the antenna under test; the scattering parameter matrix is ​​used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network; generating an interference task based on a first frequency domain response characteristic of the transmitting end and a second frequency domain response characteristic of the receiving end, wherein during the operation of the interference task, the transmitting end generates a test excitation signal based on the first frequency domain response characteristic and projects the test excitation signal into the electromagnetic computing environment through the simulated signal source antenna, and the receiving end receives the response signal processed by the equivalent multi-port network through the antenna under test, and processes the response signal according to the second frequency domain response characteristic; and determining the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task based on the scattering parameter matrix.

[0007] Optionally, the electromagnetic computing environment is determined through the following steps: A virtual anechoic chamber model corresponding to the carrier space is constructed in a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation platform, and a boundary condition without reflection impedance is set on the computational boundary of the virtual anechoic chamber model to simulate the absorption characteristics of the laboratory absorbing material and the free-space wave propagation environment; a first relative coordinate system and a second relative coordinate system are constructed, and the initial pose relationship between the first relative coordinate system and the second relative coordinate system is determined; a preset standard antenna model is imported as a simulated signal source antenna based on the first relative coordinate system, so that the spatial position of the simulated signal source antenna changes synchronously with the first relative coordinate system; a carrier model and a model of the antenna under test are imported based on the second relative coordinate system to construct the carrier space in the electromagnetic computing environment and determine the placement position of the antenna under test; a test quiet zone is determined based on the center of the second relative coordinate system; a preset propagation distance between the simulated signal source antenna and the test quiet zone is determined by setting the relative offset vector between the first and second relative coordinate systems; and the geometric parameters, polarization mode, rotation transformation matrix, and relative offset vector of the simulated signal source antenna are defined by parameterized variables.

[0008] Optionally, the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics in the electromagnetic computing environment are transformed into an equivalent multi-port network, and the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network is determined. This includes: determining the radiation characteristics of a simulated signal source antenna in the source domain of the electromagnetic computing environment, where the source domain characterizes the electromagnetic emission characteristics of the simulated signal source antenna as the network excitation end; determining the scattering characteristics of the carrier space for electromagnetic waves in the platform domain of the electromagnetic computing environment, where the platform domain characterizes the electromagnetic response characteristics of the carrier space and the antenna under test as the energy propagation path and receiver; determining the bidirectional coupling parameters between the source domain and the platform domain, where the bidirectional coupling parameters define the boundary data exchange mechanism between the radiation field of the source domain and the scattering field of the platform domain; performing alternating iterative solutions on the source domain and the platform domain based on the bidirectional coupling parameters to obtain the spatial electromagnetic field distribution characteristics covering the entire domain at the solution frequency of the electromagnetic computing environment; mapping the spatial electromagnetic field distribution to the voltage-current response relationship between ports, and establishing an equivalent multi-port network based on the voltage-current response relationship; and determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network according to the voltage-current response relationship.

[0009] Optionally, the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network is determined according to the voltage-current response relationship, including: applying an excitation signal with a preset amplitude and phase as an incident wave to the port of the analog signal source antenna; calculating the outgoing wave at each port generated by the excitation of the incident wave based on the voltage-current response relationship; normalizing the complex amplitude of the outgoing wave relative to the complex amplitude of the excitation signal, and determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network according to the calculation results.

[0010] Optionally, an interference task is generated based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver, including: determining the center frequency and channel bandwidth of the transmitter and receiver; adjusting the frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter to obtain the first frequency domain response characteristics based on interference requirements; determining the frequency-power correlation of the transmitter based on the first frequency domain response characteristics; adjusting the frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver to obtain the second frequency domain response characteristics based on interference requirements; determining the frequency-sensitivity correlation of the receiver based on the second frequency domain response characteristics; determining the interference command based on the frequency-power correlation of the transmitter and the frequency-sensitivity correlation of the receiver; and constructing an interference task in response to the interference command, wherein the interference task is used to drive the analog signal source to perform physical transmission.

[0011] Optionally, based on the scattering parameter matrix, the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the jamming task are determined, including: determining the coupling coefficient between each port in the equivalent multiport network according to the scattering parameter matrix; determining the jamming component power according to the transmit power of the transmitter and the coupling coefficient; and determining the channel receive power of the receiver according to the jamming component power, thermal noise and the input jamming power of the transmitter.

[0012] Optionally, after determining the channel receiving power of the receiver, the method further includes: determining the anti-interference performance parameters based on the ratio of the channel receiving power of the receiver to the channel sensitivity of the receiver.

[0013] According to another aspect of this application, a simulation system for a satellite communication antenna is also provided, comprising: a first determining module, used to convert the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics of an electromagnetic computing environment into an equivalent multi-port network, and determine the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network, wherein the electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, a simulated signal source antenna, and an antenna under test; the equivalent multi-port network is used to characterize the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the simulated signal source antenna, and the antenna under test; the scattering parameter matrix is ​​used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network; a generating module, used to generate an interference task based on a first frequency domain response characteristic of the transmitting end and a second frequency domain response characteristic of the receiving end, wherein during the operation of the interference task, the transmitting end generates a test excitation signal based on the first frequency domain response characteristic and projects the test excitation signal onto the electromagnetic computing environment through the simulated signal source antenna, and the receiving end receives the response signal processed by the equivalent multi-port network through the antenna under test, and processes the response signal based on the second frequency domain response characteristic; and a second determining module, used to determine the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task based on the scattering parameter matrix.

[0014] According to another aspect of this application, a non-volatile storage medium is also provided, the storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program, when running, controls the device where the storage medium is located to execute the above-mentioned satellite communication antenna simulation method.

[0015] According to another aspect of this application, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a memory and a processor, the processor being configured to run a program stored in the memory, wherein the program, when running, executes the above-described method for simulating a satellite communication antenna.

[0016] According to another aspect of this application, a computer program is also provided, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-described method for simulating a satellite communication antenna.

[0017] According to another aspect of this application, a computer program product is also provided, comprising a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the non-volatile computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for simulating a satellite communication antenna.

[0018] In this application, the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics of an electromagnetic computing environment are transformed into an equivalent multi-port network, and the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network is determined. The electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, a simulated signal source antenna, and an antenna under test. The equivalent multi-port network is used to characterize the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the simulated signal source antenna, and the antenna under test. The scattering parameter matrix is ​​used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network. An interference task is generated based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitting end and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiving end. During the operation of the interference task, the transmitting end generates a test excitation based on the first frequency domain response characteristics. The test excitation signal is projected onto the electromagnetic computing environment through an analog signal source antenna. The receiving end receives the response signal after processing by an equivalent multi-port network through the antenna under test, and processes the response signal according to the second frequency domain response characteristics. Based on the scattering parameter matrix, the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task are determined. This method aims to improve the efficiency of electromagnetic compatibility testing and simulation, thereby achieving the technical effects of increasing the speed of satellite antenna R&D iteration, reducing R&D costs, and accurately predicting electromagnetic compatibility risks. In turn, it solves the technical problems of slow satellite antenna R&D iteration, high cost, and difficulty in predicting risks caused by the low efficiency of related electromagnetic compatibility testing and simulation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a simulation method for a satellite communication antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of another method for simulating a satellite communication antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a simulated laboratory environment according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a field uniformity probe array according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a method for determining a scattering parameter matrix according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a method for improving the anti-interference capability of a low-Earth orbit satellite communication system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a receiver according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a simulated system for a satellite communication antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal for simulating a satellite communication antenna according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0032] According to an embodiment of this application, a method embodiment for simulating a satellite communication antenna is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a simulation method for a satellite communication antenna according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0034] Step S102: The spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics in the electromagnetic computing environment are transformed into an equivalent multi-port network, and the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network is determined. The electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, a simulated signal source antenna, and an antenna under test. The equivalent multi-port network is used to characterize the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the simulated signal source antenna, and the antenna under test. The scattering parameter matrix is ​​used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network.

[0035] In step S102, the electromagnetic computing environment refers to a three-dimensional virtual space constructed in electromagnetic simulation software to reproduce real laboratory testing conditions. The electromagnetic computing environment includes the geometric models (i.e., electromagnetic properties) of the carrier structure, excitation source antenna, and antenna under test. It simulates the propagation, reflection, scattering, and coupling processes of electromagnetic waves in a closed or semi-closed environment through boundary conditions and solution algorithms. The electromagnetic computing environment can achieve high-precision digital simulation of the electromagnetic field distribution in an anechoic chamber without requiring physical hardware.

[0036] The carrier space is a three-dimensional geometric model of the platform on which the antenna under test is mounted. Its material properties and structural shape directly affect the reflection and shielding behavior of electromagnetic waves. For example, in the scenario of vehicle-mounted low-orbit satellite communication, the carrier space can be the metal body of a car (including conductive structures such as the roof, chassis, and side panels), and its surface is set as an ideal conductor or a lossy material with specific conductivity to simulate the shielding, resonance, and multipath reflection effects of electromagnetic waves by real vehicles.

[0037] A simulated signal source antenna is a virtual antenna model used to generate standard test excitation signals in an electromagnetic computing environment. Its radiation characteristics are consistent with those of standard laboratory test equipment. For example, a simulated signal source antenna can be a horn antenna or dipole antenna conforming to CISPR or ANSI standards, or a helical antenna or patch array antenna designed for low-Earth orbit satellite communication frequency bands (such as Ka band 26.5–40 GHz). Its position, polarization, transmit power, and frequency range can be parameterized according to test requirements to simulate interference source radiation in satellite signal or EMC testing.

[0038] The antenna under test (DUT) is the satellite communication receiving antenna whose electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performance is to be evaluated. Its model includes radiating elements, a feed network, a housing, and mounting brackets, ensuring that its electrical parameters (such as gain, radiation pattern, and input impedance) match the actual device. For example, the DUT could be a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication phased array antenna mounted on a car roof, or a high-gain planar antenna used on shipboard or airborne platforms. In the simulation, the DUT is defined as the receiving port.

[0039] An equivalent multiport network (EMB) refers to the abstraction and simplification of a complex three-dimensional electromagnetically coupled system in an electromagnetic computing environment, consisting of a carrier space, a simulated signal source antenna, and an antenna under test (UTP), into a network model with only ports as interfaces. The EMB uses the simulated signal source antenna port and the UTP port as input / output ports. The internal physical processes, such as vehicle scattering, anechoic chamber reflection, spatial propagation, and antenna mutual coupling, are uniformly represented as the scattering parameter (S-parameter) matrix between the ports, thereby achieving dimensionality reduction and encapsulation from a three-dimensional full-wave electromagnetic field to a system-level circuit model.

[0040] Step S104: Based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitting end and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiving end, an interference task is generated. During the operation of the interference task, the transmitting end generates a test excitation signal based on the first frequency domain response characteristics and projects the test excitation signal onto the electromagnetic computing environment through a simulated signal source antenna. The receiving end receives the response signal after processing by an equivalent multi-port network through the antenna under test and processes the response signal based on the second frequency domain response characteristics.

[0041] In step S104, the interference uses the S-parameter matrix of the aforementioned equivalent multiport network as the core transmission model, driving the simulation platform to automatically complete the following steps: 1. The transmitter generates a test excitation signal conforming to the actual communication protocol based on its first frequency domain response characteristics (including center frequency, channel bandwidth, transmit power, modulation type, harmonics and noise levels, etc.); 2. The excitation signal is injected into the electromagnetic computing environment through a simulated signal source antenna; 3. The equivalent multiport network calculates the response signal of the excitation signal after reflection in the carrier space, multipath propagation in the anechoic chamber, and antenna mutual coupling, reaching the port of the antenna under test; 4. The receiver performs power integration and interference determination on the received signal based on its second frequency domain response characteristics (including operating frequency band, receiving sensitivity, channel selectivity, saturation level and noise figure, etc.), and outputs performance parameters such as received power, signal-to-interference ratio, and anti-interference margin.

[0042] Step S106: Based on the scattering parameter matrix, determine the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task.

[0043] Among them, the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the jamming mission refer to the key indicators used to quantitatively evaluate the anti-jamming capability of the satellite communication antenna under test and the system receiving performance in a simulated electromagnetic environment, which are automatically calculated and output based on the S-parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network during the operation of the jamming mission. The performance evaluation parameters include, but are not limited to: total received power of the receiving port, total interference power in the receiver channel, receiver sensitivity threshold, receiver saturation level, anti-jamming margin, and signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) in the channel.

[0044] The above steps involve transforming the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic computing environment into an equivalent multi-port network and determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network. The electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, a simulated signal source antenna, and the antenna under test. The equivalent multi-port network characterizes the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the simulated signal source antenna, and the antenna under test. The scattering parameter matrix characterizes the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network. An interference task is generated based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver. During the interference task's operation, the transmitter generates a test excitation signal based on the first frequency domain response characteristics and projects it into the electromagnetic computing environment through the simulated signal source antenna. The receiver receives the response signal processed by the equivalent multi-port network through the antenna under test and processes the response signal based on the second frequency domain response characteristics. By determining the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task based on the scattering parameter matrix, the efficiency of electromagnetic compatibility testing and simulation is improved. This achieves the technical effects of increasing the iteration speed of satellite antenna development, reducing development costs, and accurately predicting electromagnetic compatibility risks.

[0045] The following are Figure 1 The steps shown are illustrated and explained by way of example.

[0046] According to some optional embodiments of this application, the electromagnetic computing environment is determined through the following steps: A virtual anechoic chamber model corresponding to the carrier space is constructed in a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation platform, and a boundary condition without reflection impedance is set on the computational boundary of the virtual anechoic chamber model to simulate the wave absorption characteristics of the laboratory absorbing material and the free-space wave propagation environment; a first relative coordinate system and a second relative coordinate system are constructed, and the initial pose relationship between the first relative coordinate system and the second relative coordinate system is determined; a preset standard antenna model is imported as a simulated signal source antenna based on the first relative coordinate system, so that the spatial position of the simulated signal source antenna changes synchronously with the first relative coordinate system; a carrier model and a model of the antenna under test are imported based on the second relative coordinate system to construct the carrier space in the electromagnetic computing environment and determine the placement position of the antenna under test; a test quiet zone is determined based on the center of the second relative coordinate system; a preset propagation distance between the simulated signal source antenna and the test quiet zone is determined by setting the relative offset vector between the first and second relative coordinate systems; and the geometric parameters, polarization mode, rotation transformation matrix, and relative offset vector of the simulated signal source antenna relative to the first and second relative coordinate systems are defined by parameterized variables.

[0047] In this embodiment, a virtual anechoic chamber model is constructed in a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation platform to simulate the environment of a laboratory anechoic chamber. The virtual anechoic chamber model is a geometric space conforming to international standards (such as CISPR 16-1-4 or ANSIC 63.4), and its dimensions are set according to the 10-meter or 3-meter anechoic chamber specifications, including a closed or semi-closed cavity structure in length, width, and height dimensions. To simulate the efficient absorption characteristics of electromagnetic waves by the absorbing material lining the inner walls of a real anechoic chamber, and to reproduce the non-reflective electromagnetic propagation environment in free space, non-reflective impedance boundary conditions are set on all inner surface boundaries of the virtual anechoic chamber model to effectively suppress multipath interference caused by boundary reflections and ensure that the simulation field distribution is equivalent to the real anechoic chamber test environment.

[0048] To achieve accurate spatial relationship modeling between the simulated signal source antenna, the carrier platform, and the antenna under test, two independent relative coordinate systems are established: the first relative coordinate system uses the simulated signal source antenna as its reference origin, and the second relative coordinate system uses the mounting reference point of the carrier platform as its reference origin. By defining the initial pose relationship between the first relative coordinate system and the second relative coordinate system, including translation vectors and rotation transformation matrices, a rigid body transformation relationship between the two is established to ensure the consistency of spatial position and attitude of all components during subsequent parameter adjustments.

[0049] Using the first relative coordinate system as a reference, a preset standard antenna model is imported as a simulated signal source antenna. Its geometry and radiation characteristics are consistent with the laboratory standard test antenna (such as a horn antenna or a dipole antenna), and its spatial position is completely bound to the first relative coordinate system. This enables the signal source antenna to automatically and synchronously move and rotate during coordinate system transformation, maintaining a precise correlation with the test distance and incident direction.

[0050] Using the second relative coordinate system as a reference, import the carrier model (such as the metal structure of a car body, ship hull, or airborne platform) and the antenna model under test (such as a low-orbit satellite communication phased array antenna), fix both under this coordinate system, and ensure that the installation position, attitude angle (pitch, yaw, roll) and polarization direction of the antenna under test are completely consistent with the actual vehicle layout, thereby truly reflecting the coupling effect of the carrier structure on the electromagnetic performance of the antenna.

[0051] Centered on the origin of the second relative coordinate system, a test quiet zone is defined in the carrier space. This zone is a three-dimensional space (e.g., a 1.5m×1.5m×1.5m cube) that meets the requirements of electromagnetic field uniformity. It is used to define the effective receiving area of ​​the antenna under test and to serve as the reference area for field strength probe deployment and interference assessment.

[0052] By setting the relative offset vector of the first relative coordinate system relative to the second relative coordinate system, the preset propagation distance between the simulated signal source antenna and the center of the test quiet zone is precisely controlled to ensure compliance with the laboratory standard test distance (such as 10 meters for the 10-meter method), thus achieving strict alignment between the simulation environment and the standard test procedure.

[0053] Furthermore, to support automated scanning and optimization of design parameters, the following key geometric and electrical parameters are uniformly defined using parametric variables: structural parameters such as the length, aperture, and feed position of the analog signal source antenna; its polarization mode (horizontal, vertical, left-hand circular / right-hand circular polarization); the rotation transformation matrix of the first relative coordinate system relative to the second relative coordinate system (used to simulate antenna orientation or carrier attitude changes) and the relative offset vector (used to adjust the transmit-receive distance and azimuth angle).

[0054] According to some alternative embodiments of this application, the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics in the electromagnetic computing environment are transformed into an equivalent multi-port network, and the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network is determined. This can be achieved through the following steps: determining the radiation characteristics of a simulated signal source antenna in the source domain of the electromagnetic computing environment, wherein the source domain is used to characterize the electromagnetic emission characteristics of the simulated signal source antenna as the network excitation end; determining the scattering characteristics of the carrier space for electromagnetic waves in the platform domain of the electromagnetic computing environment, wherein the platform domain is used to characterize the electromagnetic response characteristics of the carrier space and the antenna under test as the energy propagation path and receiver; determining the bidirectional coupling parameters between the source domain and the platform domain, wherein the bidirectional coupling parameters are used to define the boundary data exchange mechanism between the radiation field of the source domain and the scattering field of the platform domain; based on the bidirectional coupling parameters, the source domain and the platform domain are iteratively solved alternately to obtain the spatial electromagnetic field distribution characteristics covering the entire domain at the solution frequency of the electromagnetic computing environment; mapping the spatial electromagnetic field distribution to the voltage-current response relationship between ports, and establishing an equivalent multi-port network based on the voltage-current response relationship; and determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network according to the voltage-current response relationship.

[0055] In this embodiment, to efficiently solve the electromagnetic coupling characteristics of complex carrier platforms and antenna systems within an electromagnetic computing environment, the simulation region is divided into two independent but dynamically coupled computational subdomains: the source domain and the platform domain. The source domain characterizes the electromagnetic emission characteristics of the simulated signal source antenna as the network excitation end, encompassing the antenna and its near-field radiation region. It is primarily responsible for accurately calculating the antenna's own radiation pattern, input impedance, and excitation power distribution. The platform domain characterizes the electromagnetic response characteristics of the carrier space (such as a vehicle-mounted metal structure) and the antenna under test as the energy propagation path and receiver. Its scope covers the overall carrier structure, the anechoic chamber boundary, and the far-field coupling region of the antenna under test. It primarily simulates the reflection, diffraction, shielding, and multipath propagation behavior of electromagnetic waves on large metal structures.

[0056] To achieve physical coupling between the radiation field of the source domain and the scattered field of the platform domain, bidirectional coupling parameters are defined in the boundary region between the source and platform domains. These parameters include the geometric overlap range of the coupling region, field quantity interpolation rules, electromagnetic boundary matching conditions, and information exchange frequency, which are used to regulate the bidirectional transmission mechanism of electric and magnetic field data between the two subdomains during the iteration process. Specifically, in each iteration, the source domain outputs its radiated electric field as the incident excitation to the platform domain. The platform domain then calculates its surface induced current and scattered field based on this excitation and superimposes the scattered field onto the source domain boundary as a corrected boundary condition, thus achieving closed-loop electromagnetic coupling between the two domains.

[0057] Based on the above bidirectional coupling mechanism, an alternating iterative solution strategy is adopted: First, the initial radiation field excited by the excitation signal is solved in the source domain; then, the radiation field is used as the excitation input to the platform domain to calculate its scattering response on the carrier structure; then, the scattering field of the platform domain is injected back into the source domain boundary to update the boundary conditions of the source region; the above process is repeated until the electromagnetic field converges, and finally the stable electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic computing environment in the whole domain space at the target solution frequency are obtained. The electromagnetic field distribution characteristics include, but are not limited to, the spatial distribution of physical quantities such as electric field strength, magnetic field strength, and Poynting vector.

[0058] After obtaining the global electromagnetic field distribution, lumped ports are set at the antenna ports of the simulated signal source and the antenna under test. The voltage and current components of the incident and emitted waves at each port are extracted, and a transmission response function from the excitation port to the receiving port is established. The transmission response function is used to characterize the coupling efficiency and phase change of the electromagnetic wave after it travels from the transmitter to the receiver through carrier scattering and spatial propagation.

[0059] For example, the ports include a first port located at the feed point of the analog signal source antenna and a second port located at the feed point of the antenna under test; the equivalent multiport network characterizes the transmission efficiency of electromagnetic energy from the analog signal source antenna, after being projected and scattered through the plateau domain, to the antenna under test through the voltage-current response relationship between the first port and the second port.

[0060] Based on the voltage-current response relationship described above, an equivalent multiport network is constructed. In this equivalent multiport network, the source antenna port and the antenna under test port are used as system ports. The internal structure is completely hidden, and only the electrical mapping relationship between the ports is retained.

[0061] This embodiment divides the electromagnetic computing environment into a source domain and a platform domain and establishes a bidirectional coupling mechanism to achieve efficient hybrid solution of electrically large carriers and electrically small antennas coexisting. It accurately encapsulates the complex three-dimensional electromagnetic coupling process into a reusable port parameter matrix, which can significantly improve simulation computing efficiency and realize the mapping from electromagnetic field distribution to system-level interference performance.

[0062] In some optional embodiments of this application, the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network can be determined based on the voltage-current response relationship by the following steps: applying an excitation signal with a preset amplitude and phase as an incident wave to the port of the analog signal source antenna; calculating the outgoing wave at each port generated by the excitation of the incident wave based on the voltage-current response relationship; normalizing the complex amplitude of the outgoing wave relative to the complex amplitude of the excitation signal, and determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network based on the calculation results.

[0063] In this embodiment, an excitation signal with a preset amplitude and phase is applied to the port of the analog signal source antenna as a standard incident wave. Its amplitude corresponds to the transmit power level in the laboratory standard test, and the phase is set according to the polarization and modulation requirements of the actual communication system to ensure that the simulation excitation is consistent with the real test conditions.

[0064] Based on the voltage-current response relationship obtained from the aforementioned electromagnetic simulation, the outgoing waves at each port of the system excited by the incident wave are calculated. ,in, This represents the emitted electromagnetic wave generated by the i-th port (including the excitation port and the antenna port under test) under excitation. Its complex amplitude is calculated from the induced current, voltage distribution and boundary electromagnetic field integral at the port, fully reflecting the reflection and reception characteristics of the port.

[0065] For each outgoing wave With its corresponding incident wave (The remaining ports have no excitation) is used as a reference for normalization, i.e., the normalized complex ratio value is calculated:

[0066]

[0067] in, This refers to the energy injected from port j and measured at port i. S-parameters are used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of a multiport network, where... Characterizing the port's own reflection properties, Characterizes the signal transmission and coupling strength between ports.

[0068] By sequentially applying excitation to each port in the equivalent multiport network individually (with the remaining ports connected to matched loads to eliminate reflection interference) and repeating the above normalization calculation, the scattering parameter matrix describing the electromagnetic coupling characteristics of the equivalent multiport network is finally obtained.

[0069] The above steps, by applying a standard incident wave to the excitation port and calculating the outgoing wave at each port based on the voltage-current response relationship, accurately construct the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network, thus achieving high-fidelity, low-dimensional abstraction of the coupling effect of complex electromagnetic environments.

[0070] Optionally, determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network specifically includes the following steps: extracting the field strength sensitivity vector of the spatial electromagnetic field distribution relative to the pose change of the first relative coordinate system; wherein, the field strength sensitivity vector is used to characterize the gradient response intensity of the spatial electromagnetic field to the spatial offset and rotational deviation of the simulated signal source antenna; based on the field strength sensitivity vector, establishing a multidimensional response surface model of the scattering parameter matrix with respect to parameterized variables; wherein, the multidimensional response surface model is used to construct a nonlinear mapping function library between parameterized variables and complex amplitude conversion coefficients between ports; responding to the adjustment command of parameterized variables, the complex amplitude conversion coefficients between the simulated signal source antenna port and the antenna port under test are corrected by interpolation compensation of the multidimensional response surface model, so as to dynamically update the scattering parameter matrix without restarting the full-wave electromagnetic solution.

[0071] It should be noted that after completing the full-wave electromagnetic solution at the initial frequency point, the field strength sensitivity vector of the spatial electromagnetic field distribution relative to the pose change of the first relative coordinate system can also be extracted. The field strength sensitivity vector is used to characterize the gradient response characteristics of the electric field amplitude and phase of key monitoring points (such as the center of the test quiet zone or near the port of the antenna under test) in the electromagnetic calculation environment to the pose shift when the simulated signal source antenna undergoes a small spatial translation or rotation around the axis. This allows for the quantification of the sensitivity of the radiation field to the pose error of the transmitting end.

[0072] Based on the field strength sensitivity vector, a multidimensional response surface model of the scattering parameter matrix with respect to parameterized variables can be established. These parameterized variables include, but are not limited to, the relative offset vector between the simulated signal source antenna and the antenna under test, rotation angles around three axes, polarization direction angles, and transmission frequency. The multidimensional response surface model, by sampling full-wave simulation results under a finite set of parameter combinations, utilizes interpolation algorithms (such as radial basis function (RBF), Kriging interpolation, or polynomial fitting) to construct a nonlinear mapping function library between the port-to-port complex amplitude conversion coefficients (i.e., S-parameters) and each parameterized variable. This achieves a high-precision approximate expression of the continuous variation of S-parameters with pose and environmental parameters.

[0073] In response to user commands to adjust parameterized variables (such as modifying the installation position of the transmitting antenna or the carrier attitude angle), the multi-dimensional response surface model is directly called without restarting the full-wave electromagnetic solver. The new S-parameter values ​​are calculated in real time through interpolation compensation algorithms, and the complex amplitude conversion relationship between the simulated signal source antenna port and the antenna port under test is dynamically updated. Thus, the instantaneous reconstruction of the scattering parameter matrix is ​​achieved while maintaining simulation accuracy.

[0074] The above steps significantly shorten the calculation cycle of multi-scenario iterative simulation (such as antenna installation optimization and multi-attitude anti-interference assessment), compressing the original full-wave simulation process of several hours to a second-level response, and greatly improving the parameter optimization efficiency of vehicle-mounted low-orbit satellite communication systems in the design phase.

[0075] Furthermore, by interpolating the multidimensional response surface model, the complex amplitude conversion coefficients between the simulated signal source antenna port and the antenna port under test are corrected. Specifically, this includes the following steps: based on the real-time sampled values ​​of the parameterized variables, the corresponding target cell and neighboring reference nodes are retrieved in the multidimensional response surface model; where the parameterized variables are discretized values ​​representing the real-time pose of the simulated signal source antenna, and the neighboring reference nodes are known field distribution feature points in a preset mapping function library that are closest to the real-time pose; using a preset interpolation algorithm, combined with the field strength sensitivity vectors of each node in the target cell, the complex amplitude compensation value corresponding to the real-time pose of the simulated signal source antenna is obtained. The preset interpolation algorithm includes a mathematical algorithm for extrapolating continuously changing values ​​between discrete data points; the complex amplitude compensation value includes an amplitude deviation term for correcting signal transmission loss and a phase lag term for correcting spatial path path changes; the complex amplitude compensation value is superimposed on the basic complex amplitude conversion coefficient to generate a real-time conversion coefficient that precisely matches the current pose state; the basic complex amplitude conversion coefficient refers to the original energy mapping ratio between the simulated signal source antenna port and the antenna port under test under the standard initial pose; the characteristic parameters of the scattering parameter matrix are dynamically updated through the real-time conversion coefficient to achieve quasi-real-time equivalence of the spatial distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic computing environment.

[0076] In this embodiment, firstly, based on the real-time sampled values ​​of the parameterized variables, the target cell that best matches the parameterized variable is retrieved in the pre-constructed multidimensional response surface model, and several neighboring reference nodes around the cell are located. The parameterized variables are a set of discretized variables that characterize the current spatial pose of the simulated signal source antenna, including its translation component and rotation angle relative to the antenna under test. The neighboring reference nodes are feature sampling points that have been obtained through full-wave electromagnetic simulation in the offline pre-calculation stage, have known field strength sensitivity vectors and corresponding S-parameters, and their pose states have the minimum Euclidean distance from the current real-time pose in the parameter space.

[0077] Then, using a pre-defined high-order interpolation algorithm (such as trilinear interpolation, radial basis function interpolation, or Kriging interpolation), the complex amplitude compensation value corresponding to the current real-time pose is calculated based on the field strength sensitivity vector stored in each neighboring reference node within the target cell and its corresponding complex amplitude conversion coefficient. The complex amplitude compensation value consists of two parts: an amplitude deviation term, used to correct for changes in radiation coupling loss caused by antenna position offset or attitude change; and a phase lag term, used to compensate for the electromagnetic wave phase delay caused by changes in propagation path length.

[0078] Furthermore, this complex amplitude compensation value is superimposed onto the basic complex amplitude conversion coefficient, which is the original S-parameter value obtained from full-wave simulation under the standard initial pose (i.e., the reference state of the parameterized variables), thereby generating a real-time conversion coefficient that precisely matches the current pose state. It is worth noting that this real-time conversion coefficient is used to characterize the energy transfer characteristics of the signal from the analog signal source antenna port to the antenna under test port under the current transmitter pose, and its amplitude and phase synchronously reflect the electromagnetic coupling disturbance caused by changes in spatial pose.

[0079] Finally, the aforementioned real-time conversion coefficients are updated to the corresponding elements of the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network, thereby realizing the dynamic reconstruction of the S-parameter matrix. This allows for real-time response to adjustments in environmental or structural parameters without having to re-call the full-wave solver.

[0080] The above steps enable near real-time equivalent calculations of electromagnetic coupling characteristics to be completed within milliseconds when performing multi-pose scanning, installation error sensitivity analysis, or dynamic attitude simulation of vehicle platforms, significantly improving design iteration efficiency while maintaining engineering accuracy that is highly consistent with full-wave simulation results.

[0081] As some optional embodiments of this application, generating an interference task based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver can be achieved through the following steps: determining the center frequency and channel bandwidth of the transmitter and receiver; adjusting the frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter based on interference requirements to obtain the first frequency domain response characteristics; determining the frequency-power correlation of the transmitter based on the first frequency domain response characteristics; adjusting the frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver based on interference requirements to obtain the second frequency domain response characteristics; determining the frequency-sensitivity correlation of the receiver based on the second frequency domain response characteristics; determining the interference command based on the frequency-power correlation of the transmitter and the frequency-sensitivity correlation of the receiver; and constructing an interference task in response to the interference command, wherein the interference task is used to drive an analog signal source to perform physical transmission.

[0082] In this embodiment, the center frequency and channel bandwidth of the transmitter and receiver are first determined. The center frequency and channel bandwidth can be set according to the operating frequency band of the actual satellite communication system (such as Ka band or V band) and the communication protocol (such as LEO satellite inter-satellite link standard) to ensure that the simulation scenario is consistent with the engineering application.

[0083] Then, based on preset interference scenario requirements (such as simulated adjacent channel interference, out-of-band spurious emissions, or harmonic interference), the frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter are dynamically adjusted to obtain the first frequency domain response characteristics, which characterize the power distribution characteristics of the transmitter in the target frequency band. Based on the first frequency domain response characteristics, the frequency-power correlation of the transmitter is established, that is, the transmit power level (unit: dBm) corresponding to each discrete frequency point within the channel bandwidth. This relationship can include real transmitter characteristics such as modulation sidebands, harmonic components, local oscillator leakage, and nonlinear distortion, and supports parametric scanning (such as transmit power step-by-step changes from -20dBm to +30dBm).

[0084] Simultaneously, based on the receiver's anti-interference capability requirements (such as meeting ETS300429 or MIL-STD-461G standards), the receiver's frequency domain response characteristics are configured to obtain a second frequency domain response characteristic, which characterizes the receiver's sensitivity and blocking threshold characteristics at different frequency points. Based on the second frequency domain response characteristic, a frequency-sensitivity correlation is established for the receiver, i.e., the boundary curve between the minimum tolerable received power (sensitivity) and the maximum input power (saturation level) that leads to performance degradation or saturation at each frequency point.

[0085] Furthermore, the frequency-power correlation of the transmitter and the frequency-sensitivity correlation of the receiver are superimposed and compared in the frequency domain to identify the overlapping area on the frequency axis and determine whether there is an interference risk: when the output power of the transmitter at a certain frequency point is higher than the sensitivity threshold of the receiver at the corresponding frequency point, in-band interference is determined to exist; when the sidelobe or harmonic power of the transmitter exceeds the saturation level of the receiver, out-of-band interference is determined to exist. This generates an interference command with clear frequency domain constraints, which includes key parameters such as interference type (in-band / out-of-band), interference frequency point, power level, duration, and statistical confidence level.

[0086] In response to the interference command, an interference task is automatically constructed. This task serves as the control command driving the simulation engine. By calling the scattering parameter matrix of the previously constructed equivalent multiport network, it calculates the actual interference power reaching the receiving port after the transmitter output power is scattered by the carrier and coupled in space. It then compares this power with the receiver sensitivity curve and outputs the interference assessment results (such as margin, bit error rate prediction, communication interruption probability, etc.).

[0087] The above steps, through precise modeling of the frequency-power correlation at the transmitting end and the frequency-sensitivity correlation at the receiving end, dynamically configure the dual-end frequency domain characteristics based on interference requirements, generate physically meaningful interference commands, and construct interference tasks that can drive the simulation system. This enables a quantitative, repeatable, and iterative digital assessment of the interference risk of satellite communication systems in complex electromagnetic environments without physical transmission equipment, significantly improving the prediction accuracy and R&D efficiency in the early stages of EMC design, and completely eliminating the dependence on physical anechoic chamber testing.

[0088] In some optional embodiments of this application, the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task are determined based on the scattering parameter matrix, which can be achieved by the following steps: determining the coupling coefficient between each port in the equivalent multiport network according to the scattering parameter matrix; determining the interference component power according to the transmit power of the transmitter and the coupling coefficient; and determining the channel receive power of the receiver according to the interference component power, thermal noise and the input interference power of the transmitter.

[0089] In addition, after determining the channel receiving power of the receiver, the following steps can be performed: determine the anti-interference performance parameters based on the ratio of the channel receiving power of the receiver to the channel sensitivity of the receiver.

[0090] In this embodiment, firstly, based on the scattering parameter matrix of the constructed equivalent multi-port network, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting port and the receiving port is extracted. This coupling coefficient characterizes the relative strength of the transmitted signal transmitted to the receiving end via spatial electromagnetic coupling under the combined effects of the carrier platform, anechoic chamber environment, and antenna layout. Then, combining the actual transmit power of the transmitting end with this coupling coefficient, the interference component power introduced by the transmitted signal at the receiving end is calculated. This power is the core input quantity for interference assessment.

[0091] Based on this, taking into account the inherent thermal noise in the receiving channel and the power of other possible external interference sources in the system, the total received power of the receiver in the target channel is accumulated. The total received power is used to reflect the electromagnetic interference load actually borne by the receiver.

[0092] The total received power is further compared with the receiver's channel sensitivity threshold, where sensitivity represents the minimum acceptable received power level for normal receiver operation. By calculating the ratio between received power and sensitivity, a performance parameter characterizing the system's anti-interference capability, i.e., the anti-interference margin, is obtained. This parameter can be expressed in decibels and is used to intuitively reflect the safety margin of the communication link under the current interference environment.

[0093] The above steps achieve a seamless transformation from three-dimensional electromagnetic coupling simulation results to performance assessment, enabling quantitative evaluation and optimization guidance of the communication system's anti-interference capability without relying on physical testing.

[0094] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of another satellite communication antenna simulation method according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0095] Step S201: Construct the laboratory environment.

[0096] In the CST electromagnetic simulation platform, a three-dimensional simulation space conforming to the 10-meter anechoic chamber standard is established. Its geometric dimensions meet international standards (such as CISPR 16-1-4), including a length of not less than 20m, a width of not less than 8m, and a height of not less than 6m, to ensure a standard test distance of 10m between the transmitting antenna and the test quiet zone. The inner walls, top, and bottom of the anechoic chamber are all set to Open (AddSpace) boundary conditions. This boundary simulates the broadband absorbing material laid in a real anechoic chamber, effectively suppressing boundary reflections and determining a near-free-space, reflection-free electromagnetic environment.

[0097] To accurately describe the spatial relative position between the transmitting antenna and the antenna under test, two independent local coordinate systems are established: the transmitting antenna coordinate system and the satellite communication antenna coordinate system. Their origins are defined at the geometric center of the standard transmitting antenna and the installation reference point of the vehicle-mounted satellite communication antenna, respectively. This coordinate system allows for the independent definition and flexible adjustment of the antenna's position, attitude, and polarization direction.

[0098] Using the transmitting antenna coordinate system as a reference, import an omnidirectional or directional transmitting antenna model that meets the standard test requirements, accurately place its geometric center at a specified position 10m away from the center of the test quiet zone, and set its pointing direction, polarization mode (such as linear polarization or circular polarization) and phase offset parameters according to actual test requirements.

[0099] It is worth noting that all the above parameters are defined as variable parameterized variables, which support automated scanning and rapid iteration under multiple operating conditions in subsequent simulations, ensuring that the simulation environment has high engineering configurability and test reproducibility. Figure 3 The typical layout structure of this simulation environment is shown.

[0100] Step S202, field uniformity calibration verification.

[0101] To verify the uniformity of the electromagnetic field in the digitally simulated anechoic chamber environment within the test area, the field strength distribution in the quiet test zone was quantitatively verified according to international standards (such as CISPR 16-1-4 or ANSIC 63.5). A horizontal square observation plane with sides of 1.5m × 1.5m was defined in the central region of the quiet test zone as the benchmark area for field uniformity evaluation. On this plane, a total of 16 field strength probe sampling points (intersections of grid lines) were evenly arranged in a 3×3 grid layout to ensure that the probe distribution covered the entire observation surface and avoided the influence of edge effects.

[0102] At a preset typical operating frequency (such as the center frequency of a satellite communication band), the electric field strength amplitude at each probe point is obtained through an electromagnetic simulation platform. Using the maximum field strength value among the 16 measurement points as a benchmark, the amplitude deviation (in dB) of the remaining points relative to this benchmark value is calculated. The judgment criteria include: at least 75% of the probe points (i.e., no fewer than 12 points) should have a field strength amplitude deviation within the range of 0 dB to +6 dB, which meets the standard's engineering allowable limits for the uniformity of the test static field.

[0103] The above verification process can ensure that the constructed digital anechoic chamber environment has electromagnetic field uniformity comparable to that of a real physical anechoic chamber in the key test area, which is a prerequisite for the credibility of subsequent antenna coupling simulation and interference assessment results. Figure 4 The arrangement of the field uniformity probe array and the distribution of sampling points are shown.

[0104] Step S203: Import the vehicle-mounted satellite communication antenna model.

[0105] After completing the digital modeling and field uniformity verification of the laboratory environment, the physical model of the vehicle-mounted low-orbit satellite communication antenna to be tested was imported into the simulation platform, and precise positioning and attitude configuration were performed based on the predefined satellite communication antenna coordinates. The vehicle-mounted satellite communication antenna model includes key components such as the antenna's own radiation structure (e.g., helical unit, patch array, or phased array), feed network, shell structure, and mounting bracket. Its geometric parameters and material properties (e.g., conductor, dielectric, coating) are consistent with the actual engineering prototype.

[0106] By aligning the coordinate system, the spatial parameters of the antenna, such as its installation position, elevation angle, yaw angle, and polarization direction, are accurately reproduced to the actual vehicle assembly state on the vehicle platform, ensuring that the simulation scenario truly reflects the electromagnetic operating environment of the antenna on an actual vehicle. Simultaneously, the 3D model of the vehicle platform (including the vehicle body metal structure, roof outline, chassis, wheel hubs, etc.) is imported and spatially coupled and assembled with the antenna model to construct a complete antenna-carrier system simulation model. Step S203 ensures that subsequent electromagnetic coupling analysis not only targets the antenna itself but also realistically reflects the comprehensive impact of the vehicle body on the antenna's radiation characteristics, receiving efficiency, and electromagnetic compatibility performance.

[0107] Step S204: Configure the hybrid solution task.

[0108] Step S205: Export the S-parameter results and configure the interference task.

[0109] In steps S204 and S205, the desired result in three-dimensional space is the scattering parameter (S-parameter) between the transmitting antenna and the satellite communication antenna. The S-parameter is defined as follows:

[0110]

[0111] in, This represents the incident wave at port j. This represents the emitted wave from the i-th port. This represents the energy injected from port j and measured at port i. S-parameters are used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of a multiport network, where... Characterizing the port's own reflection properties, Characterizes the signal transmission and coupling strength between ports.

[0112] The satellite communication antenna model was imported using a relative coordinate system, and its installation position, attitude, and polarization direction were adjusted. The simulated anechoic chamber space and antenna were imported using CST's hybrid solution task. The entire system was divided into a source region and a platform region, with the coupling type defined as bidirectional coupling and an overlapping region set up. Information exchange between the source and platform regions was performed in the overlapping region. Based on the inherent characteristics of the simulation model, the CST platform selected differentiated solution methods for the satellite antenna, anechoic chamber antenna, and carrier platform. A hybrid simulation strategy was adopted, and the solution frequency, iteration count, and residuals were set. The field distribution was solved based on Maxwell's equations, fully reproducing the comprehensive electromagnetic coupling effect of the laboratory test environment, vehicle metal structure, antenna installation position, and spatial relative layout on the antenna port. The multiple influences of complex spatial propagation, vehicle scattering, antenna mutual coupling, and environmental reflection were abstracted and equivalently represented as the S-parameter matrix of the port network.

[0113] Specifically, Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a method for determining a scattering parameter matrix according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0114] Step S51: Create a simulation task.

[0115] In the CST electromagnetic simulation platform, a new independent hybrid solver task (HybridSolverTask) is created to integrate multi-region modeling, multi-algorithm collaborative solving, and port parameter extraction functions. This simulation task serves as the core control unit for the entire electromagnetic coupling analysis, uniformly managing the construction of the platform domain and source domain, the configuration of solution strategies, the definition of coupling interfaces, and the final result output, ensuring that all sub-modules operate collaboratively and that data is transferred seamlessly.

[0116] Step S521: Construct the platform domain Platform1.

[0117] Based on the actual physical structure of the vehicle-mounted low-Earth orbit satellite communication system, a platform domain (Platform1) is constructed. This region includes the electrically large conductive structure composed of the vehicle's metal body, chassis, wheel hubs, and window frames. The platform domain model employs simplified geometry, retaining key scattering features (such as edges, seams, antenna mounting bays, and metal supports) while reasonably simplifying non-critical details (such as interior trim and plastic components) to reduce computational complexity. The platform domain spatial extent covers the entire vehicle body and its surrounding propagation space within the anechoic chamber environment, serving as the primary carrier for electromagnetic wave reflection, diffraction, and multipath propagation.

[0118] Step S522: Construct the source domain Source1 / 2.

[0119] Two independent source domains (Source1 and Source2) were constructed, representing the standard transmitting antenna (Source1) and the tested vehicle-mounted satellite communication antenna in the laboratory environment, respectively. The source domains are electrically small structures, and their geometric models accurately reproduce the antenna's radiating elements, feed network, matching circuit, and shell structure. Material parameters (such as conductor conductivity and dielectric constant) are consistent with measured data. For example, both source domains are located in the near-field region of the platform domain, and their spatial position, orientation, and polarization direction are completely consistent with the actual test layout. They are precisely aligned using a local coordinate system to ensure the physical realism of subsequent electromagnetic coupling modeling.

[0120] Step S531, SBR ray tracing method.

[0121] To address the electrically large size characteristics of the Platform 1 domain, a scattering and bouncing ray (SBR) method is employed for efficient electromagnetic field solving. Based on the principles of geometric and physical optics, this method discretizes the incident electromagnetic wave into a large number of ray beams, tracks their reflection, diffraction, and scattering paths on the vehicle's metal surface, and calculates the amplitude attenuation and phase delay of each path. This allows for efficient simulation of the multipath disturbance effects of complex vehicle structures on electromagnetic waves.

[0122] Step S532, Finite-Time Integration Method Task.

[0123] For the source region (Source1 / 2) and its near-field region, the Finite Integration Technique (FIT) is employed for high-precision full-wave solution. This method, based on the discretized form of Maxwell's equations, directly solves for the transient response of the electromagnetic field in the time domain, possessing inherent advantages in handling non-uniform media, fine structures, nonlinear boundaries, and wideband excitations. Through the FIT method, the antenna's input impedance, radiation pattern, near-field coupling characteristics, and mutual coupling effects with other structures in the source region can be accurately obtained, ensuring the accurate reproduction of the port behavior of the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0124] Step S54: Define the bidirectional coupling type, solution frequency, number of iterations, and overlap range.

[0125] A common electromagnetic coupling overlap region is defined between the platform domain and the source domain to ensure bidirectional dynamic energy interaction between the two solution methods. The coupling type is set to bidirectional electromagnetic coupling, allowing the radiation field from the source domain to influence the scattering response of the platform domain, while the reflection field from the platform domain reacts to the port excitation of the source domain. The solution frequency range is set according to the operating frequency band of the low-Earth orbit satellite communication system (e.g., 10–20 GHz), and a wideband scan is performed within the frequency domain. The solution convergence residual is set to ≤10. -4 The maximum number of iterations is 500 to ensure a balance between accuracy and computational efficiency. The size of the overlapping region is dynamically adjusted based on the antenna's near-field range and the vehicle's structural dimensions to ensure complete and uninterrupted coupling information.

[0126] Step S55: Solve for the field distribution based on Maxwell's equations.

[0127] A hybrid solution task was initiated, employing the SBR method for efficient field propagation simulation in the platform domain and the FIT method for high-precision field radiation solution in the source domain. The two methods exchange boundary electromagnetic field information in real time through a coupling overlap region. Based on the discrete form of Maxwell's equations, the electric and magnetic field distributions of each grid cell were iteratively updated in the time domain until the convergence criterion was met. This process fully reproduced multiple physical mechanisms, including transmitting antenna excitation, vehicle scattering, anechoic chamber boundary reflection, and antenna mutual coupling, ultimately obtaining a high-fidelity solution for the spatial electromagnetic field distribution throughout the entire system.

[0128] Step S56: Output the S-parameter matrix. The S-parameter matrix comprehensively characterizes the end-to-end electromagnetic coupling characteristics from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna under real-world vehicle environment and laboratory boundary conditions, including the combined effects of path loss, polarization mismatch, spatial scattering, and multipath interference. The output S-parameter matrix can be in complex form and can be directly used in the frequency domain as an equivalent model for subsequent interference task analysis, eliminating the need to repeatedly call the full-wave solver and greatly improving the efficiency of system-level performance evaluation.

[0129] Step S206: Run the interference task.

[0130] Create an interference analysis task and export the S-parameter matrix obtained from the aforementioned hybrid simulation into this task. The system interface will automatically load the S-parameter module and display the corresponding transmit and receive port modules. Then, create an RF system for these two port modules and configure the corresponding band components according to the actual transmit and receive functions of the antenna ports: set the transmit antenna port to the transmit band (TXParameter Band) and the receive antenna port to the receive band (RXParameter Band). Through the above configuration, seamless linkage between the 3D electromagnetic simulation model and the system-level RF interference analysis is achieved. The generated RF System interface is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0131] It is worth noting that the S-parameter matrix, as the equivalent black box model of electromagnetic coupling at the antenna port, acts as a bridge from the three-dimensional electromagnetic environment to the system interference link. In system interference analysis, it is responsible for completing the mapping calculation from transmitter power to receiver interference power without having to call the full-wave electromagnetic field solver again.

[0132] Step S207: Output the anti-interference capability of the low-orbit satellite communication system.

[0133] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for improving the anti-interference capability of a low-Earth orbit satellite communication system according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0134] Step S711: Determine the transmitter frequency and channel.

[0135] Based on the actual communication protocols and spectrum allocation specifications of low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems, the operating center frequency of the transmitter and the channel structure it occupies should be clearly defined. Specifically, this includes setting the nominal operating frequency band of the transmitter (e.g., 10.7–12.7 GHz band), center frequency, channel spacing (e.g., 20 MHz or 50 MHz), single channel bandwidth (e.g., 10 MHz, 20 MHz), and channel numbering rules.

[0136] Step S712: Determine the receiver frequency and channel.

[0137] Synchronously configure the frequency response characteristics of the receiver, clearly defining its operating frequency band, target receiving channel location, channel bandwidth, and channel selection mechanism. The receiver's frequency settings must correspond to the transmitter's channel, supporting flexible modeling of co-channel, adjacent-channel, or inter-channel interference scenarios. Simultaneously, based on the receiver's hardware specifications, define the passband range, out-of-band rejection characteristics, and local oscillator frequency offset of its channel selection filter to ensure that the receiver's frequency domain response characteristics in the simulation accurately reflect the actual device performance.

[0138] Step S721: Modify the transmit power, modulation type, harmonics, and noise.

[0139] Enter the transmitter parameter panel and modify parameters such as transmit power, modulation type, harmonics, and noise.

[0140] Step S722: Modify receiver sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and spurious signal settings.

[0141] Modify the receiver's sensitivity and reception quality. A typical internal structure of a receiver is as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0142] Step S731: Generate transmitter frequency-power curve.

[0143] Based on the transmitter's operating frequency band and channel parameters set in step S711, an output power distribution model of the transmitter within the target frequency band is constructed, generating a transmitter frequency-power curve. This curve characterizes the actual radiated power level of the transmitter at each frequency point, including the nominal transmit power of the main channel, as well as real transmission characteristics such as harmonic components, spurious emissions, modulation sidebands, and nonlinear distortion. The curve is plotted with frequency on the horizontal axis and power density or power level (dBm) on the vertical axis, supporting presentation in discrete spectral line or continuous envelope form, used to accurately describe the energy distribution characteristics of the transmitted signal in the frequency domain. The transmitter frequency-power curve serves as the frequency domain input model for the interference source, providing fundamental data for the subsequent accurate calculation of interference power.

[0144] Step S732: Generate receiver frequency-sensitivity curve.

[0145] Based on the receiver's specifications and design parameters, a receiver frequency-sensitivity curve is generated. This curve characterizes the minimum acceptable received power threshold, i.e., sensitivity, required for the receiver to maintain normal communication at different frequency points. The sensitivity curve integrates key factors such as the noise figure of the receiver's front-end low-noise amplifier, channel filter bandwidth, automatic gain control characteristics, demodulation threshold, and bit error rate requirements. The curve, with frequency on the horizontal axis and minimum acceptable power (dBm) on the vertical axis, defines the receiver's tolerable interference boundary in the frequency domain. The frequency-sensitivity curve is the core criterion for determining whether interference causes communication failure and forms the basis for comparative analysis with the transmitter power curve.

[0146] Step S74: Run the interference task.

[0147] Step S75: Calculate parameters such as received power using the S-parameter matrix.

[0148] Step S76: Output the system's anti-interference capability.

[0149] In steps S74 to S76, the power received by the receiver from the link transmitter can be expressed as:

[0150]

[0151] in, It is the coupling coefficient between ports, given by the S-parameter matrix; It is the transmitter's transmission power.

[0152] The received power is a key parameter for determining whether a receiver can correctly detect a target signal in an interference environment. Received power can be expressed as:

[0153]

[0154] in, It is the power received by the receiver from the link transmitter, that is, the power of the signal that needs to be decoded; It is input thermal noise, which is related to the receiving channel bandwidth and system temperature; It is the input interference power of the i-th transmitter in the scene.

[0155] After setting the above parameters and performing simulation, when the received power within the receiver channel bandwidth exceeds the sensitivity level, in-band interference will occur; when the received power exceeds the saturation level, out-of-band interference will occur. The ratio of receiver channel received power to receiver channel sensitivity represents the anti-interference performance of the communication system, and the expression is:

[0156]

[0157] in, This represents the total interference power falling into the receiver channel. For receiver sensitivity.

[0158] The interference task is used to obtain the received power of the transmit channel on the receiver, the receiver sensitivity curve, and the anti-interference performance results.

[0159] In summary, this application has the following technical effects.

[0160] 1. By digitally modeling and reproducing the anechoic chamber environment, electromagnetic compatibility simulation verification can be achieved without physical prototypes or anechoic chambers. This completely eliminates the dependence of traditional physical testing on high-cost anechoic chamber facilities, precision measuring equipment, and physical prototypes, significantly reducing equipment investment and site occupancy costs in the early stages of R&D. It supports high-frequency and rapid iteration in the conceptual design, structural selection, and parameter optimization stages, effectively avoiding prototype rework and design reconstruction caused by substandard EMC performance in the later stages, and greatly improving the overall R&D efficiency and development cycle controllability of low-orbit satellite communication systems.

[0161] 2. By integrating multiple physical quantities such as field strength distribution in three-dimensional space, multi-port S-parameters, receiving port coupling power, receiver sensitivity and sensitivity into a single simulation process, we can achieve end-to-end closed-loop evaluation from electromagnetic environment modeling and antenna coupling calculation to the anti-interference capability of the RF system. This breaks through the technical barriers of the separation between simulation and testing and the disconnect between field and system in traditional methods, and provides system-level, quantitative and traceable performance prediction capabilities for the EMC design of satellite communication terminals.

[0162] 3. The simulation domain is divided into a source region (including transmitting and receiving antennas) and a platform region (including vehicle-mounted carrier and anechoic chamber structure). Differentiated solutions are obtained by using the high-precision finite-integral time-domain (FIT) method and the efficient ray tracing (SBR) method, respectively. Dynamic interaction of field information is achieved in the overlapping region through a two-way electromagnetic coupling mechanism. While ensuring high-fidelity reproduction of the antenna's near-field characteristics and multipath scattering effects, the number of meshes and computational complexity are significantly reduced. This effectively solves the engineering bottlenecks of traditional full-wave simulation in electrically large platforms, such as mesh explosion, convergence difficulties, and excessive resource consumption, and significantly improves simulation efficiency and computability.

[0163] 4. The receiver's input interference power curves at various frequencies, receiver frequency-sensitivity curves, and system anti-interference margin distribution diagrams in decibels (dB) enable an intuitive, visual, and decision-making transformation from electromagnetic simulation data to whether the communication system can function properly. This provides engineers with clear optimization directions and design convergence bases, greatly enhancing the guiding value and feasibility of simulation results in engineering practice.

[0164] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a simulated satellite communication antenna system according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the system includes:

[0165] The first determining module 92 is used to transform the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic computing environment into an equivalent multi-port network and determine the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network. The electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, a simulated signal source antenna, and an antenna under test. The equivalent multi-port network is used to characterize the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the simulated signal source antenna, and the antenna under test. The scattering parameter matrix is ​​used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network.

[0166] The generation module 94 is used to generate an interference task based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitting end and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiving end. During the operation of the interference task, the transmitting end generates a test excitation signal based on the first frequency domain response characteristics and projects the test excitation signal onto the electromagnetic computing environment through an analog signal source antenna. The receiving end receives the response signal after processing by an equivalent multi-port network through the antenna under test and processes the response signal based on the second frequency domain response characteristics.

[0167] The second determining module 96 is used to determine the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task based on the scattering parameter matrix.

[0168] Optionally, the satellite communication antenna simulation system further includes a third determining module, which performs the following steps: constructing a virtual anechoic chamber model corresponding to the carrier space in a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation platform, and setting a non-reflective impedance boundary condition on the calculation boundary of the virtual anechoic chamber model to simulate the wave absorption characteristics of the laboratory absorbing material and the free space wave propagation environment; constructing a first relative coordinate system and a second relative coordinate system, and determining the initial pose relationship between the first relative coordinate system and the second relative coordinate system; importing a preset standard antenna model as a simulated signal source antenna based on the first relative coordinate system, so that the spatial position of the simulated signal source antenna changes synchronously with the first relative coordinate system; importing the carrier model and the antenna model under test based on the second relative coordinate system, so as to construct the carrier space in the electromagnetic calculation environment and determine the deployment position of the antenna under test; determining the test quiet zone based on the center of the second relative coordinate system; determining the preset propagation distance between the simulated signal source antenna and the test quiet zone by setting the relative offset vector between the first relative coordinate system and the second relative coordinate system; defining the geometric parameters, polarization mode, rotation transformation matrix and relative offset vector of the simulated signal source antenna relative to the first relative coordinate system and the second relative coordinate system through parameterized variables.

[0169] Optionally, the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics in the electromagnetic computing environment are transformed into an equivalent multi-port network, and the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network is determined. Specifically, this includes the following steps: determining the radiation characteristics of a simulated signal source antenna in the source domain of the electromagnetic computing environment, where the source domain characterizes the electromagnetic emission characteristics of the simulated signal source antenna as the network excitation end; determining the scattering characteristics of the carrier space for electromagnetic waves in the platform domain of the electromagnetic computing environment, where the platform domain characterizes the electromagnetic response characteristics of the carrier space and the antenna under test as the energy propagation path and receiver; determining the bidirectional coupling parameters between the source domain and the platform domain, where the bidirectional coupling parameters define the boundary data exchange mechanism between the radiation field of the source domain and the scattering field of the platform domain; based on the bidirectional coupling parameters, iteratively solving the source domain and the platform domain to obtain the spatial electromagnetic field distribution characteristics covering the entire domain at the solution frequency of the electromagnetic computing environment; mapping the spatial electromagnetic field distribution to a voltage-current response relationship between ports, and establishing an equivalent multi-port network based on the voltage-current response relationship; and determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network according to the voltage-current response relationship.

[0170] Optionally, the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network is determined according to the voltage-current response relationship, specifically including the following steps: applying an excitation signal with a preset amplitude and phase as an incident wave to the port of the analog signal source antenna; calculating the outgoing wave at each port generated by the excitation of the incident wave based on the voltage-current response relationship; normalizing the complex amplitude of the outgoing wave relative to the complex amplitude of the excitation signal, and determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network based on the calculation results.

[0171] Optionally, an interference task is generated based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver, specifically including the following steps: determining the center frequency and channel bandwidth of the transmitter and receiver; adjusting the frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter based on interference requirements to obtain the first frequency domain response characteristics; determining the frequency-power correlation of the transmitter based on the first frequency domain response characteristics; adjusting the frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver based on interference requirements to obtain the second frequency domain response characteristics; determining the frequency-sensitivity correlation of the receiver based on the second frequency domain response characteristics; determining the interference command based on the frequency-power correlation of the transmitter and the frequency-sensitivity correlation of the receiver; and constructing an interference task in response to the interference command, wherein the interference task is used to drive the analog signal source to perform physical transmission.

[0172] Optionally, based on the scattering parameter matrix, the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the jamming task are determined, specifically including the following steps: determining the coupling coefficient between each port in the equivalent multiport network according to the scattering parameter matrix; determining the jamming component power according to the transmit power of the transmitter and the coupling coefficient; and determining the channel receive power of the receiver according to the jamming component power, thermal noise, and the input jamming power of the transmitter.

[0173] Optionally, after determining the channel receiving power of the receiver, the following steps can also be performed: determine the anti-interference performance parameters based on the ratio of the channel receiving power of the receiver to the channel sensitivity of the receiver.

[0174] It should be noted that the above Figure 9 The modules in can be program modules (e.g., a set of program instructions that implements a specific function) or hardware modules. For the latter, they can be represented in the following forms, but are not limited to these: each of the above modules is represented by a processor, or the functions of each of the above modules are implemented by a processor.

[0175] It should be noted that, Figure 9 Preferred embodiments of the shown examples can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The relevant descriptions of the embodiments shown will not be repeated here.

[0176] Figure 10 A hardware block diagram of a computer terminal for implementing a simulation method for satellite communication antennas is shown. Figure 10 As shown, the computer terminal 100 may include one or more processors 1002 (shown as 1002a, 1002b, ..., 1002n in the figure) 1002 (processor 1002 may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.), a memory 1004 for storing data, and a transmission module 1006 for communication functions. In addition, it may also include: a display, an input / output interface (I / O interface), a universal serial bus (USB) port (which may be included as one of the ports of a BUS bus), a network interface, a power supply, and / or a camera. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 10 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the aforementioned electronic device. For example, the computer terminal 100 may also include... Figure 10 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 10 The different configurations shown.

[0177] It should be noted that the aforementioned one or more processors 1002 and / or other data processing circuits are generally referred to herein as "data processing circuits". These data processing circuits may be embodied, in whole or in part, in software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. Furthermore, the data processing circuits may be a single, independent processing module, or may be integrated, in whole or in part, into any other element within the computer terminal 100. As involved in the embodiments of this application, the data processing circuits serve as processor control (e.g., selection of a variable resistor termination path connected to an interface).

[0178] The memory 1004 can be used to store software programs and modules for application software, such as the program instructions / data storage device corresponding to the satellite communication antenna simulation method in this embodiment. The processor 1002 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 1004, thereby realizing the aforementioned satellite communication antenna simulation method. The memory 1004 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 1004 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 1002, and these remote memories can be connected to the computer terminal 100 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0179] The transmission module 1006 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by the communication provider of the computer terminal 100. In one example, the transmission module 1006 includes a network interface controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission module 1006 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0180] The display may be, for example, a touchscreen liquid crystal display (LCD) that allows the user to interact with the user interface of the computer terminal 100.

[0181] It should be noted here that, in some optional embodiments, the above... Figure 10 The computer terminal shown may include hardware elements (including circuitry), software elements (including computer code stored on a computer-readable medium), or a combination of both hardware and software elements. It should be noted that... Figure 10 This is only one instance of a specific particular instance, and is intended to illustrate the types of components that may exist in the aforementioned computer terminal.

[0182] It should be noted that, Figure 10 The computer terminal shown is used to execute Figure 1 The simulation method of the satellite communication antenna shown above also applies to this electronic device, and will not be repeated here.

[0183] This application also provides a non-volatile storage medium, which includes a stored program, wherein the program, when running, controls the device where the storage medium is located to execute the above-mentioned satellite communication antenna simulation method.

[0184] A non-volatile storage medium performs the following functions: It transforms the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics of an electromagnetic computing environment into an equivalent multi-port network and determines the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network. The electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, a simulated signal source antenna, and an antenna under test. The equivalent multi-port network characterizes the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the simulated signal source antenna, and the antenna under test. The scattering parameter matrix characterizes the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network. Based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver, an interference task is generated. During the operation of the interference task, the transmitter generates a test excitation signal based on the first frequency domain response characteristics and projects the test excitation signal into the electromagnetic computing environment through the simulated signal source antenna. The receiver receives the response signal processed by the equivalent multi-port network through the antenna under test and processes the response signal based on the second frequency domain response characteristics. Based on the scattering parameter matrix, the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task are determined.

[0185] This application also provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is used to run a program stored in the memory, wherein the program executes the above-described satellite communication antenna simulation method when it runs.

[0186] The processor is used to run a program that performs the following functions: transforming the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic computing environment into an equivalent multiport network and determining the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network, wherein the electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, a simulated signal source antenna, and an antenna under test; the equivalent multiport network is used to characterize the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the simulated signal source antenna, and the antenna under test; the scattering parameter matrix is ​​used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multiport network; generating an interference task based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver, wherein, during the operation of the interference task, the transmitter generates a test excitation signal based on the first frequency domain response characteristics and projects the test excitation signal into the electromagnetic computing environment through the simulated signal source antenna, and the receiver receives the response signal processed by the equivalent multiport network through the antenna under test and processes the response signal according to the second frequency domain response characteristics; and determining the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task based on the scattering parameter matrix.

[0187] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0188] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0189] In the above embodiments of this application, the information collected is information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure and application of the relevant data all comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, take necessary protective measures, do not violate public order and good morals, and provide corresponding operation entry points for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0190] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For instance, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0191] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0192] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0193] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to related technologies, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0194] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for simulating a satellite communication antenna, characterized in that, include: The spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic computing environment are transformed into an equivalent multi-port network, and the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network is determined. The electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, an analog signal source antenna, and an antenna under test. The equivalent multi-port network is used to characterize the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the analog signal source antenna, and the antenna under test. The scattering parameter matrix is ​​used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network. An interference task is generated based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitting end and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiving end. During the operation of the interference task, the transmitting end generates a test excitation signal based on the first frequency domain response characteristics and projects the test excitation signal onto the electromagnetic computing environment through the analog signal source antenna. The receiving end receives the response signal processed by the equivalent multiport network through the antenna under test and processes the response signal based on the second frequency domain response characteristics. Based on the scattering parameter matrix, the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task are determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic computing environment is determined through the following steps: A virtual anechoic chamber model corresponding to the carrier space is constructed in a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation platform, and a non-reflective impedance boundary condition is set on the calculation boundary of the virtual anechoic chamber model to simulate the wave absorption characteristics of the laboratory absorbing material and the free space wave propagation environment. Construct a first relative coordinate system and a second relative coordinate system, and determine the initial pose relationship between the first relative coordinate system and the second relative coordinate system; Using the first relative coordinate system as a reference, a preset standard antenna model is imported as the simulated signal source antenna, so that the spatial position of the simulated signal source antenna changes synchronously with the first relative coordinate system. Using the second relative coordinate system as a reference, import the carrier model and the antenna under test model to construct the carrier space and determine the deployment position of the antenna under test in the electromagnetic computing environment. The test quiet zone is determined with the center of the second relative coordinate system as the reference. By setting the relative offset vector between the first relative coordinate system and the second relative coordinate system, the preset propagation distance between the simulated signal source antenna and the test quiet zone is determined; The geometric parameters and polarization of the analog signal source antenna are defined by parameterized variables, as well as the rotation transformation matrix of the first relative coordinate system relative to the second relative coordinate system and the relative offset vector.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics in the electromagnetic computing environment are transformed into an equivalent multi-port network, and the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network is determined, including: The radiation characteristics of the analog signal source antenna are determined in the source domain of the electromagnetic computing environment, wherein the source domain is used to characterize the electromagnetic emission characteristics of the analog signal source antenna as a network excitation end; The scattering characteristics of the carrier space to electromagnetic waves are determined in the platform domain of the electromagnetic computing environment, wherein the platform domain is used to characterize the electromagnetic response characteristics of the carrier space and the antenna under test as an energy propagation path and the receiving end. Determine the bidirectional coupling parameters between the source domain and the platform domain, wherein the bidirectional coupling parameters are used to define the boundary data exchange mechanism between the radiation field of the source domain and the scattering field of the platform domain; Based on the bidirectional coupling parameters, the source domain and the platform domain are solved alternately and iteratively to obtain the spatial electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic computing environment covering the entire domain at the solution frequency. The spatial electromagnetic field distribution is mapped to a voltage-current response relationship between ports, and the equivalent multi-port network is established based on the voltage-current response relationship. Based on the voltage-current response relationship, the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network is determined.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the voltage-current response relationship, the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network is determined, including: An excitation signal with a preset amplitude and phase is applied as an incident wave at the port of the analog signal source antenna; Based on the voltage-current response relationship, the outgoing waves at each port generated by the excitation of the incident wave are calculated; The complex amplitude of the emitted wave is normalized relative to the complex amplitude of the excitation signal, and the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multiport network is determined based on the calculation results.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitter and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver, an interference task is generated, including: Determine the center frequency and channel bandwidth of the transmitter and receiver; Based on the interference requirements, the frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitting end are adjusted to obtain the first frequency domain response characteristics; Based on the first frequency domain response characteristics, the frequency-power correlation of the transmitting end is determined; Based on the interference requirements, the frequency domain response characteristics of the receiver are adjusted to obtain the second frequency domain response characteristics; Based on the second frequency domain response characteristics, the frequency-sensitivity correlation of the receiving end is determined; The interference command is determined based on the frequency-power correlation of the transmitting end and the frequency-sensitivity correlation of the receiving end; In response to the jamming command, the jamming task is constructed, wherein the jamming task is used to drive an analog signal source to perform physical transmission.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the scattering parameter matrix, the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task are determined, including: Based on the scattering parameter matrix, determine the coupling coefficient between each port in the equivalent multiport network; The power of the interference component is determined based on the transmission power of the transmitting end and the coupling coefficient. The channel reception power of the receiver is determined based on the interference component power, thermal noise, and the input interference power of the transmitter.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After determining the channel receiving power of the receiving end, the method further includes: determining anti-interference performance parameters based on the ratio of the channel receiving power of the receiving end to the channel sensitivity of the receiving end.

8. A simulation system for a satellite communication antenna, characterized in that, include: The first determining module is used to transform the spatial electromagnetic distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic computing environment into an equivalent multi-port network, and to determine the scattering parameter matrix of the equivalent multi-port network. The electromagnetic computing environment includes at least a carrier space, an analog signal source antenna, and an antenna under test. The equivalent multi-port network is used to characterize the electromagnetic coupling relationship between the carrier space, the analog signal source antenna, and the antenna under test. The scattering parameter matrix is ​​used to characterize the signal reflection and transmission characteristics of the equivalent multi-port network. The generation module is used to generate an interference task based on the first frequency domain response characteristics of the transmitting end and the second frequency domain response characteristics of the receiving end. During the operation of the interference task, the transmitting end generates a test excitation signal based on the first frequency domain response characteristics and projects the test excitation signal onto the electromagnetic computing environment through the analog signal source antenna. The receiving end receives the response signal processed by the equivalent multiport network through the antenna under test and processes the response signal based on the second frequency domain response characteristics. The second determining module is used to determine the performance evaluation parameters corresponding to the interference task based on the scattering parameter matrix.

9. A non-volatile storage medium, characterized in that, The non-volatile storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the non-volatile storage medium to perform the simulation method of the satellite communication antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor, the processor being configured to run a program stored in the memory, wherein the program, when running, executes the simulation method for a satellite communication antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the simulation method of the satellite communication antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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