A star-type dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on a Bell state quantum secure direct communication mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a star-type dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on a Bell state quantum secure direct communication mechanism, and comprises the following steps: S1, initializing secret information as S; S2, a full-quantum secret sharer A sends a single-particle sequence to each semi-quantum secret receiver and counts a bit error rate; S3, threshold values are negotiated; S4, it is judged whether a semi-quantum secret receiver dynamically joins or exits; S5, if a new semi-quantum secret receiver dynamically joins, the bit error rate is counted; S6, threshold values are negotiated; S7, if a semi-quantum secret receiver exits, semi-quantum secret receiver numbers are updated; S8, shared keys are made; S9, the single-particle sequence is encoded and the bit error rate is counted; S10, threshold values are negotiated; S11, semi-quantum secret receivers restore the shared keys; and S12, all semi-quantum secret receivers cooperate to restore S. The method is simple and easy to implement and has good actual executability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of quantum cryptography technology, specifically relating to a star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on the Bell state quantum secure direct communication mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, quantum computing has posed a significant threat to traditional cryptography, which is based on computational complexity, with its supercomputing power. At the same time, quantum cryptography utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics to achieve theoretically unconditionally secure communication. Since its inception, quantum cryptography has attracted extensive research from researchers in both theoretical and experimental aspects, and has generated many interesting scores, such as quantum key distribution, quantum secret sharing, quantum secure direct communication, quantum dialogue, and quantum identity authentication.

[0003] Semi-quantum secure communication, as an important branch of quantum cryptography, aims to achieve secure communication between a communication party with only limited quantum capabilities (semi-quantum party) and a communication party with full quantum capabilities. Compared with traditional full quantum communication protocols, semi-quantum communication significantly reduces the requirements for the quantum devices of the participating parties. Only the semi-quantum party needs to have basic quantum operation capabilities such as preparing or measuring single photons, without the need for complex quantum entanglement operations or quantum memories.

[0004] Existing semi-quantum communication protocols mainly revolve around basic cryptographic tasks such as key distribution, deterministic secure communication, and secret sharing. In the field of semi-quantum key distribution, shared key negotiation between semi-quantum and full-quantum parties is achieved using single-photon states and classical basis measurements. In semi-quantum secret communication, by cleverly designing photon transmission order and basis selection strategies, secure transmission of secret messages directly from the full-quantum party to the semi-quantum party can be achieved. However, the above protocols generally assume that the receiver is fixed and predetermined, that is, the target receiver of the secret message will not change during the entire communication process.

[0005] In real-world communication scenarios, dynamic changes in secret receivers are a common occurrence. For example, in some scenarios, a receiver may voluntarily withdraw from communication due to reasons such as being offline, experiencing a malfunction, or a change in permissions, and a new receiver needs to seamlessly take over. Such dynamic changes in secret receivers pose new challenges to the security, flexibility, and continuity of semi-quantum communication protocols. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on the Bell state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism. By utilizing Bell states, a full quantum secret sharer A shares secret information with multiple semi-quantum secret receivers in a star-shaped configuration, while simultaneously solving the problems of semi-quantum secure communication and dynamic changes in secret receivers.

[0007] (2) Technical solution To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on a Bell-state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism, comprising the following steps: S1: Initialize the secret information as S: The full quantum secret sharer A shares a binary bit string of length L with N half-quantum secret receivers, S. Each half-quantum secret receiver is... ,in N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; S2: The full quantum secret sharer A sends a message to each half-quantum secret receiver. Sending single-particle sequences and calculating the bit error rate: Preparation of a full quantum secret sharer A and each half-quantum secret receiver. Shared length L Bell state sequence The full quantum secret sharer A then... Bell state sequence Split into two single-particle sequences and , for The first single-column subsequence, for The second single-sequence subsequence, the first single-particle sequence is stored by the full quantum secret sharer A. ; A full quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to N half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication. ,in ; S3: Negotiation Threshold Based on the bit error rate and threshold calculated in step S2 Compare the results and proceed to step S2 or step S4 based on the comparison results. S4: Full quantum secret sharer A determines whether a half quantum secret receiver has dynamically joined or left. If a receiver has dynamically joined, proceed to step S5; if a receiver has left, proceed to step S7; otherwise, proceed to step S8. S5: If a new semi-quantum secret receiver is dynamically added, calculate the bit error rate; the preparation of the full quantum secret sharer A and the new semi-quantum secret receiver are... Shared length L Bell state sequence Next Bell state sequence Split into two single-particle sequences and , for The first single-column subsequence, for The second single-sequence subsequence, the first single-particle sequence is stored by the full quantum secret sharer A. ; Full quantum secret sharer A uses quantum direct communication to send messages to new semi-quantum secret receivers. Securely send single-particle sequences ; S6: Negotiation Threshold Based on the bit error rate and threshold calculated in step S5 Compare the results and proceed to step S2 or step S4 based on the comparison results. S7: If a half-quantum secret receiver leaves, update the half-quantum secret receiver number and then proceed to step S4; S8: Create a shared key The full quantum secret sharer A randomly generates N-1 binary bit string keys of length L, and shares them with the i-th half quantum secret receiver. The shared keys are denoted as follows: The full quantum secret sharer A calculates the key shared with the Nth half-quantum secret receiver. ,in ; S9: Full Quantum Secret Sharer A, based on The value for single-particle sequences ( Encode to obtain And calculate the bit error rate; The j-th position is , The j-th position is , The j-th position is ,like ,but ,like ,but ,in , , , , , For tensor products, calculate (I) based on tensor products. I)|Φ + > =|Φ + >, (X I)|Φ + > = |Ψ + >, where, before encoding If after encoding , ,like , ,in , ; A full quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to N half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication. ; S10: Negotiation Threshold Based on the bit error rate and threshold calculated in step S9 Compare the results and proceed to step S2 or step S11 based on the comparison results. S11: The semi-quantum secret receiver recovers the shared key; S12: All semi-quantum secret receivers cooperate to recover S.

[0008] Preferably, step S3 specifically involves: the full quantum secret sharer A negotiating a threshold with all half-quantum secret receivers. If the bit error rate calculated in step S2 exceeds the threshold agreed upon by the full quantum secret sharer A and all half-quantum secret receivers... If the condition is met, proceed to step S2; otherwise, proceed to step S4.

[0009] Furthermore, step S4 specifically involves: the full quantum secret sharer A determining whether a new half-quantum secret receiver has dynamically joined or whether the half-quantum secret receiver is... Exit the secret shared star cluster, among which If a new semi-quantum secret receiver dynamically joins, then N = N + 1, and the new semi-quantum secret receiver is... Execute step S5. If there is a semi-quantum secret receiver... If you exit the secret shared star cluster, proceed to step S7; otherwise, proceed to step S8.

[0010] Furthermore, step S6 specifically involves: the full quantum secret sharer A negotiating a threshold with all half-quantum secret receivers. If the bit error rate exceeds the threshold agreed upon by the full quantum secret sharer A and all half-quantum secret receivers... If the condition is met, proceed to step S2; otherwise, proceed to step S4.

[0011] Furthermore, step S7 specifically involves: the full quantum secret sharer A deleting the saved data related to... The first single-particle sequence in the shared Bell particle sequence , The IDs of the Ni half-quantum secret receivers have been updated to... N=N-1, proceed to step S4.

[0012] Furthermore, step S10 specifically involves: the full quantum secret sharer A negotiating a threshold with all half-quantum secret receivers. If the bit error rate exceeds the threshold agreed upon by the full quantum secret sharer A and all half-quantum secret receivers... If the condition is met, proceed to step S2; otherwise, proceed to step S11.

[0013] Furthermore, step S11 specifically involves: each half-quantum secret receiver Measurements using Z-basis and Each particle in and The result is recorded as and ,like Then the particle and Combination ,like Then the particle and Combination Semi-quantum secret receiver Based on two particles and Combinatorial Bell state recovery ,in , ; Step S12 specifically involves: all semi-quantum secret receivers collaborating on computation. , obtain the secret S from the full quantum secret sharer A.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific steps for the full quantum secret sharer A to securely send single-particle sequences to the semi-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication are as follows: A, the full quantum secret sharer, randomly prepares L decoy particles to form... In single-particle sequences Insert L decoy particles Later obtained Then, using a semi-quantum key transfer protocol to... Send to a semi-quantum secret receiver, where the decoy particle is... one of the; The semi-quantum secret receiver received Then, the full quantum secret sharer A uses a conventional channel to announce the decoy particle to the semi-quantum secret receiver. Position and status; The semi-quantum secret receiver picks out the decoy particle Afterwards, the fully quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to the semi-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication methods. ; Semi-quantum secret receiver random pair Perform a CTRL or SIFT operation on each decoy particle to obtain a new sequence of decoy particles. The CTRL operation keeps the particles unchanged, while the SIFT operation measures the particles using Z-basis to obtain |0> or |1>, followed by a new decoy particle sequence. It is sent to the full quantum secret sharer A using a semi-quantum secret transmission protocol, where ; Full quantum secret sharer A receives a sequence of decoy particles from a semi-quantum secret receiver. Then, A, the full quantum secret sharer, then... The particle performing the CTRL operation in the middle performs X-based measurements and is prepared with the full quantum secret sharer A. The error rate is calculated by comparing the states of the corresponding decoy particles.

[0015] Furthermore, the aforementioned This is a bitwise XOR operation. , , , .

[0016] Furthermore, Bell state is , Bell state is Z-base is X-base is , state is , state is .

[0017] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention constructs a star-shaped structure with a fully quantum-capable quantum secret sharer A and multiple semi-quantum secret receivers. Quantum-secure direct communication is employed in both single-particle sequence distribution and dynamic updating. Quantum secret sharer A prepares a Bell state particle sequence and splits it into two single-particle sequences. It detects the dynamic addition and removal of semi-quantum secret receivers and updates the second single-particle sequence shared with all semi-quantum secret receivers. Next, quantum secret sharer A initializes a shared key, encodes the first single-particle sequence using the shared key, inserts a decoy particle, and sends it to each semi-quantum secret receiver. After all semi-quantum secret receivers recover the encoded first and second single-particle sequences, they collaboratively calculate the secret information sent by quantum secret sharer A. This allows quantum secret sharer A to share secret information with multiple dynamically updating semi-quantum secret receivers. The method of this invention is simple, easy to implement, and has good practical feasibility. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "embodiment," and "exemplary embodiment" in the specification indicates that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, when describing a specific feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with embodiments, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0021] This invention provides a star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on the Bell state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism, comprising the following steps: S1: Initialize the secret information as S: The full quantum secret sharer A shares a binary bit string of length L with N half-quantum secret receivers, S. Each half-quantum secret receiver is... ,in N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; S2: The full quantum secret sharer A sends a message to each half-quantum secret receiver. Sending single-particle sequences and calculating the bit error rate: Preparation of a full quantum secret sharer A and each half-quantum secret receiver. Shared length L Bell state sequence The full quantum secret sharer A then... Bell state sequence Split into two single-particle sequences and , for The first single-column subsequence, for The second single-sequence subsequence, the first single-particle sequence is stored by the full quantum secret sharer A. ; A full quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to N half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication. ,in ; The specific steps taken by A, the full quantum secret sharer, to securely send single-particle sequences to a semi-quantum secret receiver using quantum direct communication are as follows: A, the full quantum secret sharer, randomly prepares L decoy particles to form... Insert L decoy particles into a single-particle sequence. Later obtained Then, using a semi-quantum key transfer protocol to... Send to a semi-quantum secret receiver, where the decoy particle is... one of the; The semi-quantum secret receiver received Then, the full quantum secret sharer A uses a conventional channel to announce the decoy particle to the semi-quantum secret receiver. Position and status; The semi-quantum secret receiver picks out the decoy particle Afterwards, the fully quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to the semi-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication methods. Semi-quantum secret receiver random pair Perform a CTRL or SIFT operation on each decoy particle to obtain a new sequence of decoy particles. The CTRL operation keeps the particles unchanged, while the SIFT operation measures the particles using Z-basis to obtain |0> or |1>, followed by a new decoy particle sequence. It is sent to the full quantum secret sharer A using a semi-quantum secret transmission protocol, where ; Full quantum secret sharer A receives a sequence of decoy particles from a semi-quantum secret receiver. Subsequently, the semi-quantum secret receiver announced to the full quantum secret sharer A via a classical channel that the secret had been revealed to them. For each single particle, a CTRL or SIFT operation is performed, followed by a full quantum secret sharer A on... The particle performing the CTRL operation in the middle performs X-based measurements and is prepared with the full quantum secret sharer A. The error rate is calculated by comparing the states of the corresponding decoy particles. S3: Negotiation Threshold Based on the bit error rate and threshold calculated in step S2 A comparison is made, and based on the comparison result, proceed to step S2 or step S4; the full quantum secret sharer A negotiates a threshold with all half-quantum secret receivers. If the bit error rate calculated in step S2 exceeds the threshold agreed upon by the full quantum secret sharer A and all half-quantum secret receivers... If the above steps are not executed, proceed to step S2; otherwise, proceed to step S4. S4: Full quantum secret sharer A determines whether a half-quantum secret receiver has dynamically joined or left. If a receiver has dynamically joined, proceed to step S5; if a receiver has left, proceed to step S7; otherwise, proceed to step S8. Full quantum secret sharer A determines whether a new half-quantum secret receiver has dynamically joined or whether the half-quantum secret receiver is... Exit the secret shared star cluster, among which If a new semi-quantum secret receiver dynamically joins, then N = N + 1, and the new semi-quantum secret receiver is... Execute step S5. If there is a semi-quantum secret receiver... If you exit the secret shared star cluster, proceed to step S7; otherwise, proceed to step S8. S5: If a new semi-quantum secret receiver is dynamically added, calculate the bit error rate; the preparation of the full quantum secret sharer A and the new semi-quantum secret receiver are... Shared length L Bell state sequence Next Bell state sequence Split into two single-particle sequences and , for The first single-column subsequence, for The second single-sequence subsequence, the first single-particle sequence is stored by the full quantum secret sharer A. ; Full quantum secret sharer A uses quantum direct communication to send messages to new semi-quantum secret receivers. Securely send single-particle sequences ; The specific steps for the full quantum secret sharer A to securely send single-particle sequences to the half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication in step S5 are the same as those in step S2, and will not be repeated here. In step S5, the bit error rate will be obtained by the full quantum secret sharer A to securely send single-particle sequences to the half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication.

[0022] S6: Negotiation Threshold Based on the bit error rate and threshold calculated in step S5 A comparison is made, and based on the comparison result, proceed to step S2 or step S4; the full quantum secret sharer A negotiates a threshold with all half-quantum secret receivers. If the bit error rate exceeds the threshold agreed upon by the full quantum secret sharer A and all half-quantum secret receivers... If the above steps are not executed, proceed to step S2; otherwise, proceed to step S4. S7: If a semi-quantum secret receiver leaves, update the semi-quantum secret receiver number and then execute step S4; the full quantum secret sharer A deletes the saved data. The first single-particle sequence in the shared Bell particle sequence , The IDs of the Ni half-quantum secret receivers have been updated to... If N = N-1, proceed to step S4; S8: Create a shared key The full quantum secret sharer A randomly generates N-1 binary bit string keys of length L, and shares them with the i-th half quantum secret receiver. The shared keys are denoted as follows: The full quantum secret sharer A calculates the key shared with the Nth half-quantum secret receiver. ,in ; S9: Quantum secret sharer A, according to Table 1 The value for single-particle sequences Encode to obtain And calculate the bit error rate; specifically: The j-th position is , The j-th position is , The j-th position is ,like ,but ,like ,but ,in , , , , , For tensor products, calculate (I) based on tensor products. I)|Φ + > = |Φ + >, (X I)|Φ + > = |Ψ + >, where, before encoding If after encoding , ,like , ,in , ; Table 1 Encoding Method

[0023] A full quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to N half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication. ; The specific steps for the full quantum secret sharer A to securely send single-particle sequences to the half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication in step S9 are the same as those for step S2, and will not be repeated here. In step S9, the bit error rate will be obtained by securely sending single-particle sequences to the half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication. S10: Negotiation Threshold Based on the bit error rate and threshold calculated in step S9 A comparison is performed, and based on the comparison result, proceed to step S2 or step S11; specifically, the full quantum secret sharer A negotiates a threshold with all half-quantum secret receivers. If the bit error rate exceeds the threshold agreed upon by the full quantum secret sharer A and all half-quantum secret receivers... If the above steps are not executed, proceed to step S2; otherwise, proceed to step S11. S11: Semi-quantum secret receivers recover the shared key: Each semi-quantum secret receiver Measurements using Z-basis and Each particle in and The result is recorded as and ,like Then the particle and Combination ,like Then the particle and Combination Semi-quantum secret receiver Based on two particles and Combinatorial Bell state recovery ,in , ; S12: All semi-quantum secret receivers cooperate to recover S: All semi-quantum secret receivers cooperate to compute , obtain the secret S from the full quantum secret sharer A.

[0024] In this embodiment, This is a bitwise XOR operation. , , , .

[0025] In this embodiment, Bell state is , Bell state is Z-base is X-base is , state is , state is .

[0026] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on Bell state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Initialize the secret information as S: The full quantum secret sharer A shares a binary bit string of length L with N half-quantum secret receivers, S. Each half-quantum secret receiver is... ,in N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; S2: The full quantum secret sharer A sends a message to each half-quantum secret receiver. Sending single-particle sequences and calculating the bit error rate: Preparation of a full quantum secret sharer A and each half-quantum secret receiver. Shared length L Bell state sequence The full quantum secret sharer A then... Bell state sequence Split into two single-particle sequences and , for The first single-column subsequence, for The second single-sequence subsequence, the first single-particle sequence is stored by the full quantum secret sharer A. ; A full quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to N half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication. ,in ; S3: Negotiation Threshold Based on the bit error rate and threshold calculated in step S2 Compare the results and proceed to step S2 or step S4 based on the comparison results. S4: Full quantum secret sharer A determines whether a half quantum secret receiver has dynamically joined or left. If a receiver has dynamically joined, proceed to step S5; if a receiver has left, proceed to step S7; otherwise, proceed to step S8. S5: If a new semi-quantum secret receiver is dynamically added, calculate the bit error rate; the preparation of the full quantum secret sharer A and the new semi-quantum secret receiver are... Shared length L Bell state sequence Next Bell state sequence Split into two single-particle sequences and , for The first single-column subsequence, for The second single-sequence subsequence, the first single-particle sequence is stored by the full quantum secret sharer A. ; Full quantum secret sharer A uses quantum direct communication to send messages to new semi-quantum secret receivers. Securely send single-particle sequences ; S6: Negotiation Threshold Based on the bit error rate and threshold calculated in step S5 Compare the results and proceed to step S2 or step S4 based on the comparison results. S7: If a half-quantum secret receiver leaves, update the half-quantum secret receiver number and then proceed to step S4; S8: Create a shared key The full quantum secret sharer A randomly generates N-1 binary bit string keys of length L, and shares them with the i-th half quantum secret receiver. The shared keys are denoted as follows: The full quantum secret sharer A calculates the key shared with the Nth half-quantum secret receiver. ,in ; S9: Full Quantum Secret Sharer A, based on The value for single-particle sequences Encode to obtain And calculate the bit error rate; The j-th position is , The j-th position is , The j-th position is ,like ,but ,like ,but ,in , , , , , For tensor products, calculate (I) based on tensor products. I)|Φ + > = |Φ + >, (X I)|Φ + > = |Ψ + >, where, before encoding If after encoding , ,like , ,in , ; A full quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to N half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication. ; S10: Negotiation Threshold Based on the bit error rate and threshold calculated in step S9 Compare the results and proceed to step S2 or step S11 based on the comparison results. S11: The semi-quantum secret receiver recovers the shared key; S12: All semi-quantum secret receivers cooperate to recover S.

2. The star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on the Bell state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically involves: the full quantum secret sharer A negotiating a threshold with all half-quantum secret receivers. If the bit error rate calculated in step S2 exceeds the threshold agreed upon by the full quantum secret sharer A and all half-quantum secret receivers... If the condition is met, proceed to step S2; otherwise, proceed to step S4.

3. The star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on the Bell state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically involves: the full quantum secret sharer A determining whether a new half-quantum secret receiver has dynamically joined or whether the half-quantum secret receiver is... Exit the secret shared star cluster, among which If a new semi-quantum secret receiver dynamically joins, then N = N + 1, and the new semi-quantum secret receiver is... Execute step S5. If there is a semi-quantum secret receiver... If you exit the secret shared star cluster, proceed to step S7; otherwise, proceed to step S8.

4. A star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on Bell state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6 specifically involves: the full quantum secret sharer A negotiating a threshold with all half-quantum secret receivers. If the bit error rate exceeds the threshold agreed upon by the full quantum secret sharer A and all half-quantum secret receivers... If the condition is met, proceed to step S2; otherwise, proceed to step S4.

5. A star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on a Bell-state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, step S7 involves: Full quantum secret sharer A deleting the saved data related to... The first single-particle sequence in the shared Bell particle sequence , The IDs of the Ni half-quantum secret receivers have been updated to... N=N-1, proceed to step S4.

6. A star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on Bell state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S10 specifically involves: the full quantum secret sharer A negotiating a threshold with all half-quantum secret receivers. If the bit error rate exceeds the threshold agreed upon by the full quantum secret sharer A and all half-quantum secret receivers... If the condition is met, proceed to step S2; otherwise, proceed to step S11.

7. A star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on Bell state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S11 specifically involves: each semi-quantum secret receiver Measurements using Z-basis and Each particle in and The result is recorded as and ,like Then the particle and Combination ,like Then the particle and Combination Semi-quantum secret receiver Based on two particles and Combinatorial Bell state recovery ,in , ; Step S12 specifically involves: all semi-quantum secret receivers collaborating on computation. , obtain the secret S from the full quantum secret sharer A.

8. A star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on Bell state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps by which the full quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to the half-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication are as follows: A, the full quantum secret sharer, randomly prepares L decoy particles to form... In single-particle sequences Insert L decoy particles Later obtained Then, using a semi-quantum key transfer protocol to... Send to a semi-quantum secret receiver, where the decoy particle is... one of the; The semi-quantum secret receiver received Then, the full quantum secret sharer A uses a conventional channel to announce the decoy particle to the semi-quantum secret receiver. Position and status; The semi-quantum secret receiver picks out the decoy particle Afterwards, the fully quantum secret sharer A securely sends single-particle sequences to the semi-quantum secret receivers using quantum direct communication methods. ; Semi-quantum secret receiver random pair Perform a CTRL or SIFT operation on each decoy particle to obtain a new sequence of decoy particles. The CTRL operation keeps the particles unchanged, while the SIFT operation measures the particles using Z-basis to obtain |0> or |1>, followed by a new decoy particle sequence. It is sent to the full quantum secret sharer A using a semi-quantum secret transmission protocol, where ; Full quantum secret sharer A receives a sequence of decoy particles from a semi-quantum secret receiver. Then, A, the full quantum secret sharer, then... The particle performing the CTRL operation in the middle performs X-based measurements and is prepared with the full quantum secret sharer A. The error rate is calculated by comparing the states of the corresponding decoy particles.

9. A star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on a Bell-state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The This is a bitwise XOR operation. , , , .

10. A star-shaped dynamic semi-quantum secret sharing method based on a Bell-state quantum-secure direct communication mechanism according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, Bell state is , Bell state is Z-base is X-base is , state is , state is .

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