A channel beacon multi-network multi-mode heterogeneous communication system

Abstract

The application provides a channel navigation mark multi-network multi-mode heterogeneous communication system, which comprises a navigation mark communication terminal, a channel edge gateway and a communication and management subsystem, the communication and management subsystem comprises: a service identification module, which uses a navigation mark basic state to identify a service type and divide a service priority, to obtain a service type set and a service level set; a link portrait module, which constructs a link digital portrait; a candidate communication module, which calculates a link adaptation degree, selects a path, and obtains a candidate communication path set; a protocol adaptation module, which performs multi-path transmission and data unified packaging to construct a protocol adaptation layer; and a low-power operation module, which constructs a communication strategy model and generates a low-power operation mode. The application can realize reliable, intelligent and energy-saving communication of channel navigation marks in a multi-network multi-mode environment through service grading, link portrait, multi-mode path planning, protocol heterogeneous adaptation and low-power self-adaption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology for navigation aids, and in particular to a multi-network, multi-mode, heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids in waterways. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems for navigation aids refer to communication systems used for data transmission, status monitoring, remote control, and information dissemination between navigation aids such as buoys, lighthouses, bridge area navigation aids, and virtual navigation aids, as well as between navigation aids and shore-based management centers. Currently, navigation data acquisition and communication in near-shore areas mainly utilizes public networks, while long-distance communication technologies primarily rely on narrowband communication such as BeiDou and AIS. Due to the complex navigation environment and the fact that navigation aids operate in the water environment for extended periods, existing communication systems suffer from the following drawbacks: 1) Limited communication methods: Most navigation aids rely solely on public networks or VHF, making communication impossible in public network blind spots, and VHF bandwidth is low and susceptible to interference; 2) Lack of service differentiation: All data uses the same transmission strategy, potentially leading to delays in emergency alarms due to congestion; 3) Static link selection: Fixed use of a single link, unable to dynamically switch based on signal changes, energy consumption, and cost; 4) Lack of link evaluation: No quantification of link stability and sensitivity, resulting in blind route selection; 5) Protocol incompatibility: Different communication technologies use different protocols, making integration difficult and preventing unified data processing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigation marks, which can achieve reliable, intelligent and energy-saving communication of navigation marks in a multi-network, multi-mode environment through service classification, link profiling, multi-mode path planning, protocol heterogeneity adaptation and low power consumption self-adaptation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids, comprising interconnected navigation aid communication terminals, navigational edge gateways, and a communication and management subsystem, wherein the communication and management subsystem includes: The service identification module is used to obtain the basic status of the navigation beacon using the navigation beacon communication terminal, and to use the basic status of the navigation beacon to identify the service type and classify the service priority, thereby obtaining a set of service types and a set of service levels. The link profiling module is used to construct a digital profile of the links by combining the basic status of the navigation beacon and the status of each link in the navigation beacon communication terminal. The candidate communication module is used to calculate the link adaptability based on the link digital profile and the service level set, and then select a path based on the link adaptability to obtain a set of candidate communication paths. The protocol adaptation module is used to perform multi-path transmission and unified data encapsulation based on the candidate communication path set in order to construct a protocol adaptation layer. The low-power operation module is used to construct a communication strategy model based on the protocol adaptation layer, and then use the communication strategy model and the beacon power status to generate a low-power operation mode. The service identification module, the link profiling module, the candidate communication module, the protocol adaptation module, and the low-power operation module are interconnected.

[0005] Optionally, the navigation aid communication terminal is deployed on the navigation aid facility, and the navigation aid communication terminal includes: A multi-mode communication module is used to switch between or use different communication mechanisms in parallel. The data acquisition component is used to obtain the working status of the navigation beacon itself and the surrounding navigation environment elements; The edge computing module is used for data compression, anomaly detection, preliminary image recognition, link quality assessment, local caching, and breakpoint resumption on the terminal side. The power management module is used for low-power sleep control and dynamic power allocation when powered by solar energy.

[0006] Optionally, the waterway edge gateway is deployed at shore-based stations, bridge areas, waterway management stations, key waterways, and areas with a high density of navigation marks. The waterway edge gateway is used to access multiple navigation mark terminals, perform data aggregation, local edge computing, regional link scheduling and execution, inter-navigation mark relay, and regional network outage communication.

[0007] Optionally, the service identification module includes: The basic information unit is used to periodically collect information such as navigation mark number, navigation mark type, latitude and longitude location, navigation mark attitude, battery power, solar charging status, light working status, AIS equipment status, hydrological and meteorological data, image or video data, historical communication records, local storage capacity, edge computing load and abnormal event flags using the navigation mark communication terminal to obtain the basic status of the navigation mark. The type identification unit is used to identify services based on the basic status of the navigation mark using a threshold-based rule engine and statistical features to obtain a set of service types. The set of service types includes: safety alarm services, remote control feedback services, navigation mark status monitoring services, environmental perception services, image and video services, AIS navigation aid information services, equipment maintenance log services, and software upgrade services. The grading unit is used to determine, based on the service set, whether the service involves beacon drift, collision, light outage, power failure, and illegal movement. If so, it is classified as an emergency safety level. It also determines whether the service involves remote light switching, strobe mode adjustment, and virtual beacon updates. If so, it is classified as a critical control level. Furthermore, it determines whether the service involves power, attitude, lighting, and positioning cycle reporting. If so, it is classified as a routine monitoring level. Finally, it determines whether the service involves environmental data. If so, it is classified as a latency tolerance level. And if the service involves images, videos, historical logs, and batch data, it is classified as a high-bandwidth non-real-time level. This completes the service priority classification and yields a service grade set.

[0008] Optionally, the link profiling module includes: The link status unit is used to obtain the real-time link status of each communication mechanism in the multi-mode communication module through a unified status reading interface, and obtain a link status set. The link status set includes signal strength, signal-to-noise ratio, latency, packet loss rate, available bandwidth, energy consumption per unit data, communication cost, security level, and historical stability. The digital profiling unit is used to identify the current availability, historical availability, typical time period stability, weather sensitivity, location sensitivity, tidal and attitude change sensitivity, energy consumption level, cost level, security level, and suitable service types for each link by utilizing the basic status of the navigation mark, the set of link statuses, historical communication data, weather and hydrological environment, and waterway geographical environment, thereby obtaining a digital profile of the link.

[0009] Optionally, the candidate communication module includes: The communication requirement unit is used to construct a service-requirement mapping rule base based on the service level set, so as to generate corresponding communication requirements for different service levels and obtain a communication requirement vector. The link adaptation unit is used to calculate the link adaptation degree of each communication link using the link digital profile and the communication demand vector; the calculation expression for the link adaptation degree is: ; in, All of these are weighted parameters that are dynamically adjusted based on the business level. As a reliability indicator, For bandwidth metrics, For safety indicators, For historical stability, For time delay, For packet loss rate, For energy consumption, For expenses; Candidate path units, based on the link adaptability, set up navigation marks, gateways, ships, and satellites as nodes, and construct a network topology graph by combining nodes and communication links. Based on the network topology graph, improved Dijkstra's algorithm is used... The algorithm performs multi-constraint path search to obtain multiple types of paths. Based on the multi-type data, it performs path reliability calculation, path filtering, and path sorting to obtain a candidate communication path set. The candidate communication path set includes primary paths, backup paths, and redundant paths.

[0010] Optionally, the multi-type paths include single-hop paths, multi-hop paths, heterogeneous paths, and opportunistic paths; The single-hop path is used to establish direct link connections in areas with good 4G and 5G coverage. The multi-hop path is used to extend the communication range through self-organizing networks to solve the problem of discontinuous coverage; The heterogeneous path is used to coordinate different communication technologies and achieve cross-network integration; The opportunistic path is used to generate a non-fixed network by utilizing temporary nodes, thus obtaining an emergency path.

[0011] Optionally, the protocol adaptation module includes: A multi-path transmission unit is used to construct a single-path energy-saving transmission strategy, a primary / backup path transmission strategy, a parallel redundant transmission strategy, a fragmented multi-path transmission strategy, and a delay-tolerant transmission strategy based on the service level set and the candidate communication path set, thereby obtaining a multi-path transmission strategy. Specifically, the single-path energy-saving transmission strategy is used to transmit routine status data; the primary / backup path transmission strategy is used to transmit remote control and critical monitoring data; the parallel redundant transmission strategy is used to transmit security alarm services; the fragmented multi-path transmission strategy is used to transmit large data; and the delay-tolerant transmission strategy is used to transmit non-urgent data. The data encapsulation unit is used to encapsulate different types of data in a unified manner based on the multi-path transmission strategy, generating data in a unified format. The data frame structure of the unified format data includes a frame header, a unique navigation mark number, navigation mark type, latitude and longitude, timestamp, service type, service level, data payload type, data length, data content, communication strategy, security label, and checksum. The protocol adaptation unit is used to construct a protocol mapping relationship between service types and communication links based on the unified format data, and then construct a protocol adaptation layer between the navigation beacon communication terminal, the waterway edge gateway, and the communication and management subsystem based on the protocol mapping relationship.

[0012] Optionally, the protocol adaptation layer includes: Uplink adaptation is used to convert the collected data from the navigation beacon communication terminal into a unified format, generate a protocol format that can be transmitted via the current uplink, and send it to the cloud or edge gateway. Downlink adaptation is used to convert control commands issued by the cloud or edge gateway into local commands that can be executed by the hardware of the navigation beacon terminal. Heterogeneous link adaptation is used to provide protocol encapsulation, fragmentation and reassembly, error control and link characteristic matching for different types of physical links, and to complete the underlying encapsulation and transmission optimization of physical link characteristics.

[0013] Optionally, the low-power operation module includes: The heterogeneous network transmission unit is used to add a security mechanism based on the protocol adaptation layer to obtain a secure communication packet, and send the secure communication packet using one or more communication networks according to the multi-path transmission strategy to complete the heterogeneous network transmission and obtain the data transmission result. The mode generation unit feeds back the data transmission results to the link digital profile, updates the link status to obtain an optimized link profile, and automatically adjusts the communication strategy using the optimized link profile to obtain a communication strategy model. Then, using the communication strategy model and the beacon power status, it generates a low-power operation mode; wherein, the low-power operation mode includes normal mode, energy-saving mode, ultra-low power mode and emergency mode.

[0014] This invention discloses the following technical effects by providing a multi-network, multi-mode, heterogeneous communication system for waterway beacons: 1. Service Awareness and Classification: The system can automatically identify the urgency level of navigation mark services and provide immediate priority transmission for high-security services such as drift, collision, and lightout.

[0015] 2. Multi-mode link intelligent profiling: Instead of relying on a single link, it dynamically evaluates 4G, 5G, VHF, satellite, self-organizing network and other links to understand the characteristics of each link.

[0016] 3. Multi-constraint path planning: Based on business needs, link profiles, and real-time environment, it intelligently selects the best path and supports single-hop, multi-hop, heterogeneous, and opportunistic paths.

[0017] 4. Protocol heterogeneous integration: A unified data encapsulation and protocol adaptation layer enables different physical links and different protocols to work together, reducing the complexity of system integration.

[0018] 5. Low power consumption adaptive: Automatically adjusts the operating mode according to the power status and communication strategy model to maximize energy saving while ensuring critical business operations.

[0019] 6. Network outage self-healing and relay: By using the self-organizing network between navigation marks and the relay of the edge gateway, the problem of communication recovery in coverage blind spots and network outages is solved.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the navigation beacon communication terminal architecture provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the communication and management subsystem architecture provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids, including interconnected navigation aid communication terminals, navigation edge gateways, and communication and management subsystems.

[0026] I. For example Figure 2 As shown, the navigation aid communication terminal is deployed on the navigation aid facility, and the navigation aid communication terminal includes: Multi-mode communication modules are used to switch between or use in parallel with different communication mechanisms; multi-mode communication modules include 4G / 5G modules, NB-IoT modules, LoRa / LoRaWAN modules, AIS communication modules, BeiDou short message modules, VHF / UHF private network modules, satellite communication modules, and Wi-Fi / Bluetooth maintenance interfaces.

[0027] The data acquisition component is used to obtain the operational status of the navigation beacon itself and surrounding navigational environmental factors. The data acquisition component includes GPS / BeiDou positioning, attitude sensors, battery voltage, current, solar panel status, lighting status, hydrological data, meteorological data, water level, current velocity, visibility sensors, and camera or radar sensing equipment.

[0028] The edge computing module is used on the terminal side for data compression, anomaly detection, preliminary image recognition, link quality assessment, local caching, and breakpoint resumption. The edge computing module includes data compression, anomaly detection, preliminary image recognition, link quality assessment, local caching, and breakpoint resumption.

[0029] The power management module is used for low-power sleep control and dynamic power allocation via solar power. The power management module includes solar power supply, a battery, ultra-low-power sleep control, and dynamic power allocation.

[0030] 2. The waterway edge gateway is deployed at shore-based stations, bridge areas, waterway management stations, key waterways and areas with a high density of navigation marks. The waterway edge gateway is used to access multiple navigation mark terminals, perform data aggregation, local edge computing, regional link scheduling and execution, inter-navigation mark relay, and regional network outage communication.

[0031] III. Figure 3 As shown, the communication and management subsystem includes: 1. A service identification module, used to acquire the basic status of navigation aids using a navigation aid communication terminal, and to identify service types and prioritize services based on the basic status of the navigation aids, thereby obtaining a set of service types and a set of service levels; the service identification module includes: 1.1 Basic Information Unit, used to periodically collect information such as navigation mark number, navigation mark type, latitude and longitude position, navigation mark attitude, battery power, solar charging status, light working status, AIS equipment status, hydrological and meteorological data, image or video data, historical communication records, local storage capacity, edge computing load and abnormal event flags using the navigation mark communication terminal, to obtain the basic status of the navigation mark.

[0032] 1.2 Type identification unit, used to identify services based on the basic status of the navigation mark using a threshold-based rule engine and statistical features to obtain a set of service types; the set of service types includes: safety alarm service, remote control feedback service, navigation mark status monitoring service, environmental perception service, image and video service, AIS navigation aid information service, equipment maintenance log service, and software upgrade service.

[0033] For example: If the location of the navigation beacon is detected to deviate from the set range, a safety alarm will be generated. If the lighting equipment is in abnormal condition, a safety alarm or navigation mark status monitoring service will be generated. If only periodic power consumption is reported, then a navigation mark status monitoring service is generated; If the camera detects an abnormally close approach of a ship, it will generate a safety alarm and an image / video service.

[0034] 1.3 The grading unit is used to determine, based on the service set, whether the service involves beacon drift, collision, light outage, power failure, and illegal movement. If so, it is classified as an emergency safety level. It also determines whether the service involves remote light switching, strobe mode adjustment, and virtual beacon updates. If so, it is classified as a critical control level. Furthermore, it determines whether the service involves power, attitude, lighting, and positioning cycle reporting. If so, it is classified as a routine monitoring level. Finally, it determines whether the service involves environmental data. If so, it is classified as a latency tolerance level. And if the service involves images, videos, historical logs, and batch data, it is classified as a high-bandwidth non-real-time level. This completes the service priority classification and obtains the service grade set.

[0035] 2. A link profiling module, used to construct a digital profile of the links by combining the basic status of the navigation beacon and the status of each link in the navigation beacon communication terminal; the link profiling module includes: 2.1 Link Status Unit, used to obtain the real-time link status of each communication mechanism in the multi-mode communication module through a unified status reading interface, and obtain a link status set; the link status set includes signal strength, signal-to-noise ratio, latency, packet loss rate, available bandwidth, energy consumption per unit data, communication cost, security level and historical stability.

[0036] Link status, for example: 4G links offer greater bandwidth, but consume more power. LoRa links have low power consumption but low data rates; BeiDou short message service has wide coverage, but the data volume is small; AIS is suitable for broadcasting navigational information, but not for transmitting large amounts of data. Satellite communication has wide coverage, but it is expensive and consumes a lot of energy.

[0037] 2.2 The digital profiling unit is used to identify the current availability, historical availability, stability during typical periods, sensitivity to weather, sensitivity to location, sensitivity to tides and attitude changes, energy consumption level, cost level, security level, and suitable service types for each link by utilizing the basic status of the navigation mark, the set of link statuses, historical communication data, weather and hydrological environment, and waterway geographical environment, so as to obtain a digital profile of the link.

[0038] 3. A candidate communication module, used to calculate link adaptability based on the link digital profile and the service level set, and then perform path selection based on the link adaptability to obtain a candidate communication path set; the candidate communication module includes: 3.1 Communication requirement unit, used to construct a service-requirement mapping rule base based on the service level set, so as to generate corresponding communication requirements for different service levels and obtain a communication requirement vector.

[0039] The communication requirements vector includes maximum allowable latency, minimum reliability requirements, minimum bandwidth requirements, maximum allowable power consumption, security level requirements, cost constraints, and whether redundant transmission is required.

[0040] 3.2 Link adaptation unit, used to calculate the link adaptation degree of each communication link using the link digital profile and the communication demand vector; the calculation expression for the link adaptation degree is: ; in, All of these are weighted parameters that are dynamically adjusted based on the business level. As a reliability indicator, For bandwidth metrics, For safety indicators, For historical stability, For time delay, For packet loss rate, For energy consumption, For expenses.

[0041] The weighting parameters are not fixed and can be dynamically adjusted according to the business level: For security alarm services: Increase reliability weight; increase security weight; reduce cost weight; allow multi-link redundancy; For routine services: Increase the weight of low power consumption; decrease the weight of bandwidth; prioritize NB-IoT or LoRa. For image and video services: increase bandwidth weight; allow caching; prioritize uploading via 4G, 5G, satellite, or Wi-Fi after docking.

[0042] 3.3 Candidate Path Units: Based on the link adaptability, navigation marks, gateways, ships, and satellites are set as nodes. A network topology map is constructed by combining nodes and communication links. Based on the network topology map, improved Dijkstra's algorithm and... The algorithm performs multi-constraint path search to obtain multiple types of paths. Based on the multi-type data, it performs path reliability calculation, path filtering, and path sorting to obtain a candidate communication path set. The candidate communication path set includes primary paths, backup paths, and redundant paths.

[0043] The multiple path types include single-hop paths, multi-hop paths, heterogeneous paths, and opportunistic paths; The single-hop path is used to establish direct link connections in areas with good 4G and 5G coverage. The multi-hop path is used to extend the communication range through self-organizing networks to solve the problem of discontinuous coverage; for example: beacon A → beacon B → beacon C → gateway; The heterogeneous path is used to coordinate different communication technologies and achieve cross-network integration; for example: beacon → LoRa → gateway → 5G → cloud; The opportunistic path is used to generate a non-fixed network by utilizing temporary nodes to obtain an emergency path; for example: navigation mark → ship → satellite → cloud.

[0044] 4. A protocol adaptation module, used to perform multi-path transmission and unified data encapsulation based on the candidate communication path set, to construct a protocol adaptation layer; the protocol adaptation module includes: 4.1 Multipath transmission unit, used to construct single-path energy-saving transmission strategy, primary and backup path transmission strategy, parallel redundant transmission strategy, fragmented multipath transmission strategy and delay-tolerant transmission strategy according to the service level set and the candidate communication path set, to obtain multipath transmission strategy.

[0045] The single-path energy-saving transmission strategy is used to transmit routine status data, the primary and backup path transmission strategy is used to transmit remote control and critical monitoring data, the parallel redundant transmission strategy is used to transmit security alarm services, the fragmented multi-path transmission strategy is used to transmit big data, and the delay-tolerant transmission strategy is used to transmit non-urgent data.

[0046] 4.2 Data encapsulation unit, used to encapsulate different types of data in a unified manner based on the multi-path transmission strategy, and generate data in a unified format; the data frame structure of the unified format data includes frame header, unique navigation mark number, navigation mark type, latitude and longitude, timestamp, service type, service level, data payload type, data length, data content, communication strategy, security label and check code.

[0047] 4.3 Protocol adaptation unit, used to construct a protocol mapping relationship between service type and communication link based on the unified format data, and then construct a protocol adaptation layer between the navigation beacon communication terminal, the waterway edge gateway and the communication and management subsystem based on the protocol mapping relationship.

[0048] The protocol adaptation layer includes: Uplink adaptation is used to convert the collected data from the navigation beacon communication terminal into a unified format, generate a protocol format that can be transmitted via the current uplink, and send it to the cloud or edge gateway. Downlink adaptation is used to convert control commands issued by the cloud or edge gateway into local commands that can be executed by the hardware of the navigation beacon terminal. Heterogeneous link adaptation provides protocol encapsulation, fragmentation and reassembly, error control, and link characteristic matching for different types of physical links, completing the underlying encapsulation and transmission optimization of physical link characteristics. For example: 4G and 5G links use MQTT or HTTPS, NB-IoT uses CoAP or UDP, LoRa uses lightweight frame format, AIS uses standard AIS messages, BeiDou short messages use short message compression encoding, satellite links use reliable fragmentation transmission protocols, and VHF / UHF uses private network short frame protocols.

[0049] 5. A low-power operation module, used to construct a communication strategy model based on the protocol adaptation layer, and then use the communication strategy model and the beacon power status to generate a low-power operation mode; the low-power operation module includes: 5.1 Heterogeneous network transmission unit, used to add a security mechanism based on the protocol adaptation layer to obtain a secure communication packet, and send the secure communication packet using one or more communication networks according to the multi-path transmission strategy to complete heterogeneous network transmission and obtain data transmission results.

[0050] Security mechanisms include: device authentication, data encryption, command signing, anti-replay attack, timestamp verification, location validity verification, two-way confirmation of critical commands, blocking of abnormal access, and verification of the integrity of remote upgrade packages.

[0051] The secure communication packet includes: device identity token, encrypted data payload, digital signature, timestamp, random number, message digest, and permission identifier.

[0052] Data transmission results include: whether the transmission was successful, the type of link used, the actual transmission delay, the actual packet loss rate, the actual energy consumption, the data integrity verification result, the platform confirmation result, whether retransmission was triggered, and whether the link was switched.

[0053] 5.2 The mode generation unit feeds back the data transmission results to the link digital profile, updates the link status to obtain an optimized link profile, and automatically adjusts the communication strategy using the optimized link profile to obtain a communication strategy model. Then, using the communication strategy model and the beacon power status, it generates a low-power operation mode; wherein, the low-power operation mode includes normal mode, energy-saving mode, ultra-low power mode and emergency mode.

[0054] The content of link status updates includes: correcting historical link availability, updating link latency statistics, updating link packet loss rate, updating link energy consumption model, updating link stability under different weather conditions, updating link coverage for different flight segments, recording link anomaly events, and correcting subsequent link scoring weights.

[0055] The communication strategy model includes: optimal communication strategy for different flight segments, communication strategy under different weather conditions, communication strategy under different power levels, redundancy strategy for different service levels, link priority for different time periods, communication configuration for different navigation mark types, and self-organizing network relay rules for different areas.

[0056] Normal mode: Multi-link standby, regular periodic reporting, supports image summary upload; Power saving mode: Turn off high-power links, reduce sampling frequency, and prioritize the use of NB-IoT or LoRa; Ultra-low power mode: Only key sensors are retained, heartbeats are sent periodically, and emergency wake-up via BeiDou or LoRa is retained; Emergency mode: Allows high-power links to start briefly, prioritizes alarm and control services, and suspends low-priority data.

[0057] Therefore, this invention provides a multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids, which enables reliable, intelligent, and energy-efficient communication of navigation aids in a multi-network, multi-mode environment through service classification, link profiling, multi-mode path planning, protocol heterogeneity adaptation, and low-power adaptive operation.

[0058] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0059] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-network, multi-mode, heterogeneous communication system for navigational aids, characterized in that, It includes interconnected navigational aid communication terminals, channel edge gateways, and a communication and management subsystem, wherein the communication and management subsystem includes: The service identification module is used to obtain the basic status of the navigation beacon using the navigation beacon communication terminal, and to use the basic status of the navigation beacon to identify the service type and classify the service priority, thereby obtaining a set of service types and a set of service levels. The link profiling module is used to construct a digital profile of the links by combining the basic status of the navigation beacon and the status of each link in the navigation beacon communication terminal. The candidate communication module is used to calculate the link adaptability based on the link digital profile and the service level set, and then select a path based on the link adaptability to obtain a set of candidate communication paths. The protocol adaptation module is used to perform multi-path transmission and unified data encapsulation based on the candidate communication path set in order to construct a protocol adaptation layer. The low-power operation module is used to construct a communication strategy model based on the protocol adaptation layer, and then use the communication strategy model and the beacon power status to generate a low-power operation mode. The service identification module, the link profiling module, the candidate communication module, the protocol adaptation module, and the low-power operation module are interconnected.

2. The multi-network, multi-mode, heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids according to claim 1, characterized in that, The navigation aid communication terminal is deployed on the navigation aid facility, and the navigation aid communication terminal includes: A multi-mode communication module is used to switch between or use different communication mechanisms in parallel. The data acquisition component is used to obtain the working status of the navigation beacon itself and the surrounding navigation environment elements; The edge computing module is used for data compression, anomaly detection, preliminary image recognition, link quality assessment, local caching, and breakpoint resumption on the terminal side. The power management module is used for low-power sleep control and dynamic power allocation when powered by solar energy.

3. The multi-network, multi-mode, heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids according to claim 2, characterized in that, The waterway edge gateway is deployed at shore-based stations, bridge areas, waterway management stations, key waterways, and areas with a high density of navigation marks. The waterway edge gateway is used to access multiple navigation mark terminals, perform data aggregation, local edge computing, regional link scheduling and execution, inter-navigation mark relay, and regional network outage communication.

4. A multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids according to claim 3, characterized in that, The service identification module includes: The basic information unit is used to periodically collect information such as navigation mark number, navigation mark type, latitude and longitude location, navigation mark attitude, battery power, solar charging status, light working status, AIS equipment status, hydrological and meteorological data, image or video data, historical communication records, local storage capacity, edge computing load and abnormal event flags using the navigation mark communication terminal to obtain the basic status of the navigation mark. The type identification unit is used to identify services based on the basic status of the navigation mark using a threshold-based rule engine and statistical features to obtain a set of service types. The set of service types includes: safety alarm services, remote control feedback services, navigation mark status monitoring services, environmental perception services, image and video services, AIS navigation aid information services, equipment maintenance log services, and software upgrade services. The grading unit is used to determine, based on the service set, whether the service involves beacon drift, collision, light outage, power failure, and illegal movement. If so, it is classified as an emergency safety level. It also determines whether the service involves remote light switching, strobe mode adjustment, and virtual beacon updates. If so, it is classified as a critical control level. Furthermore, it determines whether the service involves power, attitude, lighting, and positioning cycle reporting. If so, it is classified as a routine monitoring level. Finally, it determines whether the service involves environmental data. If so, it is classified as a latency tolerance level. And if the service involves images, videos, historical logs, and batch data, it is classified as a high-bandwidth non-real-time level. This completes the service priority classification and yields a service grade set.

5. A multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids according to claim 4, characterized in that, The link profiling module includes: The link status unit is used to obtain the real-time link status of each communication mechanism in the multi-mode communication module through a unified status reading interface, and obtain a link status set. The link status set includes signal strength, signal-to-noise ratio, latency, packet loss rate, available bandwidth, energy consumption per unit data, communication cost, security level, and historical stability. The digital profiling unit is used to identify the current availability, historical availability, typical time period stability, weather sensitivity, location sensitivity, tidal and attitude change sensitivity, energy consumption level, cost level, security level, and suitable service types for each link by utilizing the basic status of the navigation mark, the set of link statuses, historical communication data, weather and hydrological environment, and waterway geographical environment, thereby obtaining a digital profile of the link.

6. A multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigational aids according to claim 5, characterized in that, The candidate communication module includes: The communication requirement unit is used to construct a service-requirement mapping rule base based on the service level set, so as to generate corresponding communication requirements for different service levels and obtain a communication requirement vector. The link adaptation unit is used to calculate the link adaptation degree of each communication link using the link digital profile and the communication demand vector; the calculation expression for the link adaptation degree is: ； in, All of these are weighted parameters that are dynamically adjusted based on the business level. As a reliability indicator, For bandwidth metrics, For safety indicators, For historical stability, For time delay, For packet loss rate, For energy consumption, For expenses; Candidate path units, based on the link adaptability, set up navigation marks, gateways, ships, and satellites as nodes, and construct a network topology graph by combining nodes and communication links. Based on the network topology graph, improved Dijkstra's algorithm is used... The algorithm performs multi-constraint path search to obtain multiple types of paths. Based on the multi-type data, it performs path reliability calculation, path filtering, and path sorting to obtain a candidate communication path set. The candidate communication path set includes primary paths, backup paths, and redundant paths.

7. A multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigational aids according to claim 6, characterized in that, The multiple path types include single-hop paths, multi-hop paths, heterogeneous paths, and opportunistic paths; The single-hop path is used to establish direct link connections in areas with good 4G and 5G coverage. The multi-hop path is used to extend the communication range through self-organizing networks to solve the problem of discontinuous coverage; The heterogeneous path is used to coordinate different communication technologies and achieve cross-network integration; The opportunistic path is used to generate a non-fixed network by utilizing temporary nodes, thus obtaining an emergency path.

8. A multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protocol adaptation module includes: A multi-path transmission unit is used to construct a single-path energy-saving transmission strategy, a primary / backup path transmission strategy, a parallel redundant transmission strategy, a fragmented multi-path transmission strategy, and a delay-tolerant transmission strategy based on the service level set and the candidate communication path set, thereby obtaining a multi-path transmission strategy. Specifically, the single-path energy-saving transmission strategy is used to transmit routine status data; the primary / backup path transmission strategy is used to transmit remote control and critical monitoring data; the parallel redundant transmission strategy is used to transmit security alarm services; the fragmented multi-path transmission strategy is used to transmit large data; and the delay-tolerant transmission strategy is used to transmit non-urgent data. The data encapsulation unit is used to encapsulate different types of data in a unified manner based on the multi-path transmission strategy, generating data in a unified format. The data frame structure of the unified format data includes a frame header, a unique navigation mark number, navigation mark type, latitude and longitude, timestamp, service type, service level, data payload type, data length, data content, communication strategy, security label, and checksum. The protocol adaptation unit is used to construct a protocol mapping relationship between service types and communication links based on the unified format data, and then construct a protocol adaptation layer between the navigation beacon communication terminal, the waterway edge gateway, and the communication and management subsystem based on the protocol mapping relationship.

9. A multi-network, multi-mode, heterogeneous communication system for navigational aids according to claim 8, characterized in that, The protocol adaptation layer includes: Uplink adaptation is used to convert the collected data from the navigation beacon communication terminal into a unified format, generate a protocol format that can be transmitted via the current uplink, and send it to the cloud or edge gateway. Downlink adaptation is used to convert control commands issued by the cloud or edge gateway into local commands that can be executed by the hardware of the navigation beacon terminal. Heterogeneous link adaptation is used to provide protocol encapsulation, fragmentation and reassembly, error control and link characteristic matching for different types of physical links, and to complete the underlying encapsulation and transmission optimization of physical link characteristics.

10. A multi-network, multi-mode heterogeneous communication system for navigation aids according to claim 9, characterized in that, The low-power operation module includes: The heterogeneous network transmission unit is used to add a security mechanism based on the protocol adaptation layer to obtain a secure communication packet, and send the secure communication packet using one or more communication networks according to the multi-path transmission strategy to complete the heterogeneous network transmission and obtain the data transmission result. The mode generation unit feeds back the data transmission results to the link digital profile, updates the link status to obtain an optimized link profile, and automatically adjusts the communication strategy using the optimized link profile to obtain a communication strategy model. Then, using the communication strategy model and the beacon power status, it generates a low-power operation mode; wherein, the low-power operation mode includes normal mode, energy-saving mode, ultra-low power mode and emergency mode.

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