PCB slot hole processing method and system
By decomposing the slot into first and second machined circles and compensating for the center, the misalignment problem of small length-to-diameter ratio of PCB slots is solved, and high-efficiency and low-cost slot processing is achieved using ordinary drill bits.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGDONG WEITAI MICROELECTRONICS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, when the length-to-diameter ratio of PCB slots is small, using more expensive drill bits to avoid misalignment leads to high processing costs, low efficiency, and poor adaptability.
By decomposing the slot into a first machining circle and a second machining circle, calculating the eccentricity distance and performing center compensation, a PCB machining file is generated. Drilling is performed sequentially using a regular drill bit, and finally, a milling cutter is used to remove any residue.
It significantly avoids slot misalignment problems, reduces drill bit costs, improves processing efficiency and adaptability, and reduces processing time.
Smart Images
Figure CN122438263A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of PCB processing technology, and in particular to a method and system for processing PCB slots. Background Technology
[0002] In PCB (Printed Circuit Board) manufacturing, slots are non-circular drilled holes, typically elliptical, rectangular, or irregularly shaped, used to mount component pins of specific shapes, connectors, or as mechanical positioning structures. The aspect ratio (length to width) of a slot is a key indicator determining the difficulty and yield of slot manufacturing.
[0003] In PCB manufacturing, when the length-to-diameter ratio of the slot is greater than 2.5, the cutting tool experiences uniform force and is less prone to wobble. However, when the length-to-diameter ratio is less than 2.5, or even 1-2, the manufacturing process becomes extremely difficult, and misalignment issues are highly likely to occur (the deviation between the actual center position (or edge position) of the slot on the finished board and the theoretical position in the design file; i.e., the actual machined slot deviates from the required slot). Current technologies typically employ better drill bits—those with less wobble—to address slot misalignment. However, these drill bits are expensive, increasing manufacturing costs. Furthermore, adding new drill bits requires modifications or upgrades to the existing drilling equipment, potentially rendering the original equipment unusable, thus imposing numerous limitations and increasing manufacturing time.
[0004] In the process of realizing this invention, the inventors discovered at least the following problems in the prior art: Higher-cost drill bits are typically used to avoid misalignment when machining slots with small length-to-diameter ratios on PCBs, resulting in higher processing costs, lower processing efficiency, and poor adaptability. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a PCB slot processing method and system to solve the technical problems in the prior art, which typically use more expensive drill bits to avoid misalignment when processing slots with small length-to-diameter ratios on PCBs, resulting in high processing costs, low processing efficiency, and poor adaptability. The various technical effects of the preferred solutions among the many technical solutions provided by this invention are detailed below.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a PCB slot processing method, comprising the following steps: S100: acquiring and reading the Gerber file for PCB processing, and selecting slots with an aspect ratio of 1 to 2 from the Gerber file as slots to be processed; S200: based on the radial dimension of the slot to be processed, decomposing a first processing circle and a second processing circle from both ends of the length direction of the slot to be processed, and obtaining the center position and radius of the first processing circle and the second processing circle; S300: calculating the eccentricity distance by compensating the center position of the second processing circle, and obtaining the center compensation position of the second processing circle through the eccentricity distance; S400: generating a PCB processing file based on the center position and radius of the first processing circle and the center compensation position and radius of the second processing circle; S500: drilling the first processing circle and the second processing circle sequentially based on the PCB processing file to obtain the PCB slot.
[0007] Preferably, the centers of the first and second processing circles are both located on the center line of the length direction of the slot to be processed.
[0008] Preferably, the first and second processed circles partially overlap.
[0009] Preferably, the center position of the first processed circle is (X1, Y1), the center position of the second processed circle is (X2, Y2), the preset eccentricity distance is (dX, dY), and the center compensation position is (X2-dX, Y2-dY).
[0010] Preferably, the center compensation position of the second processed circle is calculated using the following formula: dX=K [2R-(X2-X1)],dY=K [2R-(Y2-Y1)], where K represents the proportionality coefficient and R represents the radius of the second processed circle.
[0011] Preferably, the proportionality coefficient K is positively correlated with the rotational speed of the circular drill bit and the radius of the second processed circle.
[0012] Preferably, after the first PCB slot hole processing is completed, the forming parameters of the processed slot hole are measured and compared with the parameters of the slot hole to be processed, and the proportional coefficient K is adjusted to obtain the eccentric distance for the next processing.
[0013] Preferably, based on the center position of the first processed circle and the center compensation position of the second processed circle, a circular drill bit is used to drill the first processed circle and the second processed circle in sequence, and then a milling cutter is used to remove the intermediate residue after the processing of the first processed circle and the second processed circle to obtain the PCB slot.
[0014] A PCB slot processing system, which performs PCB slot processing using any of the above-described PCB slot processing methods, includes a cloud platform, a processing device, and a drilling platform that are interconnected. The cloud platform is used to store Gerber files for PCB processing. The processing device receives the Gerber files from the cloud platform and calculates PCB processing files. The drilling platform receives the PCB processing files from the processing device and then performs PCB slot processing.
[0015] Preferably, the processing device includes an acquisition module, a calculation module, a generation module, and a distribution module; the acquisition module acquires the Gerber file from the cloud; the calculation module calculates the center positions and radii of the first and second processing circles using the Gerber file, and obtains the center compensation position of the second processing circle through compensation calculation; the generation module generates a PCB processing file based on the center position and radius of the first and second processing circles and the center compensation position and radius of the second processing circle; the distribution module distributes the PCB processing file to the drilling rig.
[0016] Implementing one of the above-described technical solutions of the present invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects: This application decomposes the slot to be machined into a first machining circle and a second machining circle, and obtains the center compensation position of the second machining circle through the eccentricity distance, thereby significantly avoiding the misalignment problem that easily occurs when machining slots with a small length-to-diameter ratio, ensuring product quality. At the same time, this application can avoid the eccentricity problem by using ordinary drill bits, reducing drill bit costs and improving adaptability. Since the drilling rig does not need to change drill bits, it also reduces processing time and improves processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a PCB slot hole processing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a PCB slot processing system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, various exemplary embodiments described below will be referenced to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the exemplary embodiments, illustrating various exemplary embodiments that may be used to implement the present invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. It should be understood that they are merely examples of processes, methods, and apparatuses consistent with some aspects of the present invention disclosed as detailed in the appended claims, and other embodiments may be used, or structural and functional modifications may be made to the embodiments listed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.
[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. The term "multiple" means two or more. The terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, integral connections, mechanical connections, electrical connections, communication connections, direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. The term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0020] To illustrate the technical solution described in this invention, specific embodiments are described below, showing only the parts related to the embodiments of this invention.
[0021] Example 1: like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a PCB slot processing method, including the following steps: S100: Obtain and read the Gerber file for PCB processing. The Gerber file is the core data carrier between PCB design and manufacturing, that is, the construction drawing of the circuit board. Select slots with an aspect ratio of 1 to 2 from the Gerber file as slots to be processed. Slots with an aspect ratio of 1 to 2 are typical "short slots" or even "ultra-short slots". Due to the short length of the slot, the drill bit or router bit is prone to uneven force during machining, which makes the processing difficult and prone to eccentricity problems. This is also the object of PCB slot processing in this embodiment. The aspect ratio here can also be adjusted appropriately according to actual needs. S200: Based on the radial dimension of the slot to be machined, which refers to the width of the slot (i.e., the distance of the short side) or the diameter of the machining tool, since the length-to-diameter ratio of the slot is 1~2, a first machining circle and a second machining circle can be decomposed from both ends of the slot's length direction. These two machining circles are located near the two ends of the slot's length direction and serve as two reference circles for machining the slot. The center positions and radii of the first and second machining circles are obtained. Since the slot is usually axisymmetric, the first and second machining circles are typically the same, differing only in their center positions. S300: The eccentricity distance is calculated by compensating for the center position of the second machining circle. The eccentricity distance is the deviation between the actual position and the theoretical position of the second machining circle after normal machining according to the theoretical position. The center compensation position of the second machining circle is obtained through the eccentricity distance. Reverse compensation of this eccentricity distance yields the center compensation position. S400: Generate a PCB processing file based on the center position and radius of the first processed circle and the center compensation position and radius of the second processed circle; S500: Based on the PCB processing file, perform drilling processing on the first and second processed circles sequentially to obtain PCB slots. In this embodiment, the first and second processed circles are decomposed from the slot to be processed, and the center compensation position of the second processed circle is obtained through the eccentricity distance, thereby significantly avoiding the misalignment problem that is prone to occur when processing slots with a small length-to-diameter ratio, ensuring product quality. At the same time, this embodiment can avoid the eccentricity problem by using ordinary drill bits, reducing drill bit costs and improving adaptability. Since the drilling machine does not need to change drill bits, processing time is also reduced, and processing efficiency is improved.
[0022] As an optional implementation, the centers of both the first and second machining circles are located on the centerline of the length direction of the slot to be machined. Since the slot is usually an axisymmetric structure, the fact that the first and second machining circles are at both ends and their centers are on the centerline of the length direction ensures machining accuracy. The first and second machining circles partially overlap, so that they are interconnected after machining. The slot can be obtained by cleaning up the excess structure in the connected part, which reduces the machining difficulty. However, this overlap also causes part of the second machining circle to be solid and part to be hollow during normal machining, which can cause misalignment during machining. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the position of the second machining circle through reverse compensation to avoid misalignment.
[0023] As an optional implementation, the center position of the first processed circle is (X1, Y1), the center position of the second processed circle is (X2, Y2), and the preset eccentricity distance is (dX, dY). This eccentricity distance can be obtained by measuring the actual eccentricity position of the second processed circle after the actual processing of the PCB slot. Therefore, the center compensation position can be obtained as (X2-dX, Y2-dY) through reverse compensation, that is, the amount of eccentricity is pre-subtracted. The second processed circle will be eccentric by dX length in the X-axis direction and dY length in the Y-axis direction. By subtracting this part of the eccentricity in advance during the actual processing, the accurate processing position can be finally obtained. Due to the eccentricity of the second processed circle during the processing, the actual center position of the second processed circle after processing based on the center compensation position (X2-dX, Y2-dY) is (X2, Y2).
[0024] As an optional implementation, the center compensation position of the second processed circle is calculated using the following formula: dX=K [2R-(X2-X1)],dY=K [2R-(Y2-Y1)], where K represents the proportionality coefficient and R represents the radius of the second processed circle. The proportionality coefficient K is positively correlated with the rotational speed of the circular drill bit and the radius of the second processed circle. That is, the higher the rotational speed of the circular drill bit and the larger the radius of the second processed circle, the more obvious the deviation of the second processed circle, requiring greater compensation. After the first PCB slot processing is completed, the forming parameters of the processed slot are measured and compared with the parameters of the slot to be processed to obtain the actual eccentricity distance. The proportionality coefficient K is then adjusted to obtain the eccentricity distance for the next processing. Preferably, in the actual processing process, since there are certain differences in the thickness of the PCB board and the processing equipment may also experience aging, the processing error between the PCB slot parameters processed in this embodiment and the slot to be processed in the Gerber file can be obtained by sampling and measuring. Thus, the proportionality coefficient K can be dynamically fine-tuned based on the reverse compensation method to further improve the processing accuracy of the PCB slot.
[0025] As an optional implementation, in step S500, based on the center position of the first processed circle and the center compensation position of the second processed circle, a circular drill bit is used to drill the first processed circle and the second processed circle in sequence. The circular drill bit processing technology is mature and reliable, which can reduce processing costs. Then, a milling cutter is used to remove the intermediate residue after processing the first processed circle and the second processed circle, that is, the milling cutter removes the burr residue near the overlapping position after processing the first processed circle and the second processed circle, and obtains the PCB slot hole.
[0026] Example 2: A PCB slot processing system, such as Figure 2 As shown, a PCB slot processing method according to Embodiment 1 includes a cloud platform, a processing device, and a drilling platform that are interconnected. The cloud platform stores Gerber files for PCB processing. The processing device receives the Gerber files from the cloud platform and calculates the PCB processing file. The drilling platform receives the PCB processing file from the processing device and then performs PCB slot processing. In this embodiment, storing the Gerber files in the cloud platform and calculating the PCB processing file by the processing device improves the efficiency of the PCB slot processing system.
[0027] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the processing device includes an acquisition module, a calculation module, a generation module, and a distribution module. The acquisition module acquires Gerber files from the cloud. The calculation module calculates the center positions and radii of the first and second processing circles using the Gerber files, and calculates the compensation position of the center of the second processing circle through compensation calculation. The generation module generates PCB processing files based on the center positions and radii of the first and second processing circles and the compensation position and radius of the second processing circle. The distribution module distributes the PCB processing files to the drilling platform. In this embodiment, the first and second processing circles are decomposed from the slot to be processed, and the compensation position of the center of the second processing circle is obtained through the eccentricity distance. This significantly avoids the misalignment problem that is prone to occur when processing slots with a small length-to-diameter ratio, ensuring product quality. At the same time, this embodiment can avoid the eccentricity problem by using ordinary drill bits, reducing drill bit costs and improving adaptability. Since the drilling platform does not need to change drill bits, processing time is also reduced, and processing efficiency is improved.
[0028] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for processing PCB slot holes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100: Obtain and read the Gerber file for PCB processing, and select slots with an aspect ratio of 1 to 2 from the Gerber file as slots to be processed; S200: Based on the radial dimension of the slot to be processed, decompose the first processing circle and the second processing circle from both ends of the length direction of the slot to be processed, and obtain the center position and radius of the first processing circle and the second processing circle; S300: The eccentricity distance is obtained by calculating the compensation position of the center of the second processed circle, and the compensation position of the center of the second processed circle is obtained through the eccentricity distance; S400: Generates PCB processing files based on the center position and radius of the first processed circle and the center compensation position and radius of the second processed circle; S500: Based on the PCB processing file, drill holes in the first and second circular processing circles in sequence to obtain PCB slots.
2. The PCB slot processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S200, the center of both the first and second machining circles is located on the center line of the length direction of the slot to be machined.
3. A PCB slot processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first and second processed circles partially overlap.
4. A PCB slot processing method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The center position of the first processed circle is (X1, Y1), the center position of the second processed circle is (X2, Y2), the preset eccentricity distance is (dX, dY), and the center compensation position is (X2-dX, Y2-dY).
5. A PCB slot processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The center compensation position of the second processed circle is calculated using the following formula: dX=K [2R-(X2-X1)], dY=K [2R-(Y2-Y1)], Where K represents the scaling factor and R represents the radius of the second processed circle.
6. A PCB slot processing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The proportionality coefficient K is positively correlated with the rotational speed of the circular drill bit and the radius of the second processed circle.
7. A PCB slot processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the first PCB slot processing is completed, the forming parameters of the processed slot are measured and compared with the parameters of the slot to be processed. The proportional coefficient K is then adjusted to obtain the eccentric distance for the next processing.
8. A PCB slot processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S500, based on the center position of the first processed circle and the center compensation position of the second processed circle, a circular drill bit is used to drill the first processed circle and the second processed circle in sequence. Then, a milling cutter is used to remove the intermediate residue after the processing of the first processed circle and the second processed circle to obtain the PCB slot.
9. A PCB slot processing system, characterized in that, The PCB slot processing method according to any one of claims 1-8 includes a cloud platform, a processing device, and a drilling platform that are interconnected. The cloud platform is used to store Gerber files for PCB processing. The processing device receives the Gerber files from the cloud platform and calculates the PCB processing file. The drilling platform receives the PCB processing file from the processing device and then performs PCB slot processing.
10. A PCB slot processing system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The processing device includes an acquisition module, a calculation module, a generation module, and a distribution module. The acquisition module acquires the Gerber file from the cloud. The calculation module calculates the center positions and radii of the first and second processing circles using the Gerber file, and calculates the compensation position of the center of the second processing circle through compensation calculation. The generation module generates a PCB processing file based on the center position and radius of the first and second processing circles and the compensation position and radius of the second processing circle. The distribution module distributes the PCB processing file to the drilling platform.