Intraoperative ureteral protection device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to an intraoperative ureter protection device, which comprises a protection part, a detection part and a display; the protection part comprises a protection piece, a positioning piece and a positioning port; the positioning piece is located on the side wall of the protection piece; the positioning piece and the positioning port are respectively located at two ends of the protection piece; the positioning piece is communicated with the positioning port through a catheter; the protection piece comprises an outer layer, a detection layer and an inner layer; the inner layer is penetrated by a working channel; the outer layer is wrapped outside the inner layer; the detection layer is located between the outer layer and the inner layer; the detection layer is provided with a temperature measurement optical fiber; the inner wall of the temperature measurement optical fiber is provided with a Bragg grating; the outer layer and the inner layer are fixedly connected; the detection part comprises an emitter, a receiver, a processor and a display; the emitter and the receiver are respectively connected with two ends of the temperature measurement optical fiber; the display is connected with the processor and the receiver through wires.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to an intraoperative ureter protection device. Background Technology

[0002] Ureteral catheters are indispensable core instruments in urological surgery. They are widely used in various urological diagnostic and treatment procedures, such as ureterolithotomy, retroperitoneal surgery, and complex urological repair surgery. They mainly play key roles in intraoperative urine drainage, ureteral lumen support, and surgical area positioning guidance. They can effectively ensure a clear surgical field, reduce the risk of intraoperative ureteral collapse, adhesion, and postoperative stenosis, and are an important basic instrument for improving the safety and standardization of urological surgery.

[0003] Current surgical techniques lack real-time monitoring of ureteral wall temperature, resulting in an extremely high risk of intraoperative thermal injury. During surgeries involving retroperitoneal tumors, gynecological tumors, or other procedures near the ureter, surgical instruments such as electrocoagulation, ultrasonic scalpels, and thermal ablation generate significant local heat, leading to abnormally elevated temperatures in the surrounding ureteral tissues. Because there is currently no real-time, dynamic intraoperative monitoring system for ureteral wall temperature, surgeons cannot promptly detect these local temperature changes, making them highly susceptible to irreversible thermal damage to the ureteral mucosa. This can subsequently lead to ureteral edema, fibrosis, and luminal stenosis, and in severe cases, ureteral perforation and urinary extravasation, significantly increasing surgical risks and the patient's postoperative recovery burden.

[0004] Secondly, ureteral identification is challenging in complex anatomical settings, posing a significant risk of intraoperative injury. In complex surgical environments such as retroperitoneal adhesions, tumor compression, and anatomical variations, the ureter's course is blurred and its identification is extremely difficult. Existing ureteral catheters only provide basic drainage and support functions, lacking precise intraoperative positioning and visualization guidance mechanisms. Surgeons struggle to quickly and accurately determine the ureter's real-time location and course, making intraoperative manipulation highly susceptible to injury to the ureteral wall, leading to intraoperative bleeding, urinary tract damage, and other problems, directly impacting surgical success rates and patient outcomes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application discloses an intraoperative ureter protection device.

[0006] An intraoperative ureteral protection device, comprising: The protective component includes a protective element, a positioning element, and a positioning port. The positioning element is located on the side wall of the protective element. The positioning element and the positioning port are located at opposite ends of the protective element. The positioning element is connected to the positioning port via a conduit. The protective element includes an outer layer, a detection layer, and an inner layer. The inner layer has a through-hole for operation. The outer layer wraps around the inner layer. The detection layer is located between the outer and inner layers. A temperature-measuring optical fiber is installed within the detection layer. A Bragg grating is installed on the inner wall of the temperature-measuring optical fiber. The outer and inner layers are fixedly connected. The detection unit includes a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, and a display; the transmitter and receiver are respectively connected to the two ends of the temperature-measuring optical fiber; the display is connected to the processor and receiver via wires.

[0007] Furthermore, the protective component also includes a reinforcing layer and a separating layer; the separating layer is located between the outer layer and the detection layer; the reinforcing layer is located between the separating layer and the outer layer; the separating layer, the outer layer, and the inner layer are fixedly connected.

[0008] Furthermore, the detection layer is provided with at least two temperature-sensing optical fibers; the temperature-sensing optical fibers are evenly arranged inside the detection layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the detection layer is also provided with an illumination optical fiber; the end of the protective component away from the positioning component is provided with an illumination port; the illumination port is connected to the detection layer; an illumination device is detachably connected to the illumination port; the illumination optical fiber is connected to the illumination unit through the illumination port.

[0010] Furthermore, the protective component has a side hole on its side wall; one end of the side hole is connected to the outside, and the other end passes through the protective component and is connected to the working channel; the side hole is wrapped by a partition tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection unit also includes a housing, with the transmitter, processor, and receiver located inside the housing; the display is located on the side wall of the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection unit also includes an alarm; the alarm is connected to the processor via a wire.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The inner wall of the temperature-sensing optical fiber is equipped with a Bragg grating. When light emitted by the transmitter passes through the fiber, only light of a specific wavelength is reflected back; this wavelength is called the Bragg wavelength. Temperature changes cause alterations in the Bragg grating period and refractive index, resulting in a shift in the reflected wavelength. By accurately measuring this wavelength change, the temperature value can be calculated. This temperature measurement method offers high accuracy and is suitable for precise temperature measurement at specific points, enabling multi-channel, multi-point monitoring.

[0014] The temperature-measuring fiber optic cable, in conjunction with the transmitter, receiver, and processor, enables a real-time, dynamic ureteral wall temperature monitoring solution. Surgeons can promptly obtain local temperature changes within the patient's urethra through the detection unit, effectively preventing irreversible thermal damage to the ureteral mucosa and significantly reducing surgical risks and the patient's postoperative recovery burden.

[0015] The transmitter emits light into the temperature-sensing fiber optic cable, causing the entire fiber to glow. Under laparoscopy, the path of the ureter, the location of stones, or the location of lesions can be directly visualized, distinguishing the ureter from other surrounding tissues. This shortens the time spent locating the ureter, stones, or lesions during laparoscopy, preventing stone displacement or even retraction into the kidney during the search for the ureter or lesions, or tumor metastasis caused by the search for the ureter or lesions. At the same time, it minimizes damage to adjacent normal tissues and organs around the ureter, shortens the time of laparoscopic ureter-related surgeries, reduces intraoperative complications, and improves the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic ureter-related surgeries. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A perspective view of an intraoperative ureteral protection device for implementing the present invention; Figure 2 A front view of an intraoperative ureteral protection device for implementing the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along axis AA; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a multi-layer structure for implementing the present invention; Figure 5 A side view of an intraoperative ureteral protection device for implementing the present invention; Figure 6 A perspective view of a protective part for implementing the present invention; In the diagram, 1. Protective component; 2. Detection component; 3. Illuminator; 11. Protective component; 12. Positioning component; 13. Positioning port; 14. Illumination port; 15. Detection port; 16. Side hole; 111. Outer layer; 112. Reinforcing layer; 113. Separating layer; 114. Detection layer; 115. Inner layer; 1141. Temperature measuring fiber optic cable; 1142. Illumination fiber optic cable; 121. Conduit; 21. Housing; 22. Display; 23. Button; 24. Alarm; 25. Power cord. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] In this document, “illustrative” means “serving as an example, illustration or description”, and any illustration or implementation described herein as “illustrative” should not be construed as a more preferred or advantageous technical solution.

[0019] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to this application are shown schematically in each drawing, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, to make the drawings concise and easy to understand, in some drawings, only one of the components with the same structure or function is shown schematically, or only one of them is labeled.

[0020] In this document, it should be understood that the terms “length,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0021] In this document, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "multiple" refers to two or more; the terms "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] like Figure 1-6 An intraoperative ureteral protection device is shown, comprising: The protective part 1 includes a protective component 11, a positioning component 12, and a positioning port 13. The positioning component 12 is located on the side wall of the protective component 11. The positioning component 12 and the positioning port 13 are located at opposite ends of the protective component 11. The positioning component 12 is connected to the positioning port 13 through a conduit 121. The protective component 11 includes an outer layer 111, a detection layer 114, and an inner layer 115. The inner layer 115 has a working channel running through it. The outer layer 111 wraps around the inner layer 115. The detection layer 114 is located between the outer layer 111 and the inner layer 115. A temperature-measuring optical fiber 1141 is provided inside the detection layer 114. A Bragg grating is provided on the inner wall of the temperature-measuring optical fiber 1141. The outer layer 111 and the inner layer 115 are fixedly connected. The detection unit 2 includes a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, and a display 22; the transmitter and receiver are respectively connected to the two ends of the temperature measuring optical fiber 1141; the display 22 is connected to the processor and the receiver through wires.

[0023] The inner wall of the temperature-sensing optical fiber 1141 is equipped with a Bragg grating. When light emitted by the transmitter passes through the temperature-sensing optical fiber 1141, only light of a specific wavelength is reflected back; this wavelength is called the Bragg wavelength. Temperature changes cause changes in the period and refractive index of the Bragg grating, resulting in a shift in the reflected wavelength. By accurately measuring the change in wavelength, the temperature value can be calculated. This temperature measurement method offers high accuracy and is suitable for high-precision temperature measurement at specific points, and it also enables multi-channel, multi-point monitoring.

[0024] The temperature-measuring fiber optic cable 1141, in conjunction with the transmitter, receiver, and processor, enables a real-time, dynamic ureteral wall temperature monitoring solution. Surgeons can promptly obtain local temperature changes within the patient's urethra through the detection unit 2, effectively avoiding irreversible thermal damage to the ureteral mucosa and significantly reducing surgical risks and the patient's postoperative recovery burden.

[0025] The transmitter emits light inward, causing the temperature-measuring fiber optic cable 1141 to glow. Under laparoscopy, the path of the ureter, the location of stones, or the location of lesions can be directly visualized, distinguishing the ureter from other surrounding tissues. This shortens the time spent locating the ureter, stones, or lesions during laparoscopy, preventing stone displacement or even retraction into the kidney due to the search for the ureter and stones, or tumor metastasis due to the search for the ureter and lesions. At the same time, it minimizes damage to adjacent normal tissues and organs around the ureter, shortens the time of laparoscopic ureter-related surgeries, reduces intraoperative complications, and improves the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic ureter-related surgeries.

[0026] Preferably, the outer wall of the protective member 11 is provided with a lubricating coating to reduce the friction between the protective member 11 and the patient's urethra, so as to facilitate the insertion of the protective member 11.

[0027] The detection layer 114 contains at least two temperature-sensing optical fibers 1141, which are uniformly arranged within the layer. Compared to traditional single-point temperature measurement structures, the uniform distribution of multiple sets of temperature-sensing optical fibers 1141 effectively expands the effective coverage area of ​​the fibers within the detection layer 114, significantly increasing the overall effective temperature measurement area of ​​the catheter 121. This completely solves the technical shortcomings of traditional point-based temperature measurement, such as large blind spots and limited detection range. By increasing the effective temperature measurement area, comprehensive temperature acquisition of the ureter's interior and surrounding walls can be achieved, effectively improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of temperature detection. This allows the temperature data acquired by the device's measurement unit to accurately and in real-time reflect the actual heating state during ureteral surgery, providing reliable data support for intraoperative thermal injury early warning.

[0028] like Figure 1-6As shown, the temperature-sensing optical fiber 1141 is arranged in a straight line inside the detection layer 114, and the temperature-sensing optical fiber 1141 is parallel to the axis of the protective component 11. The straight parallel arrangement is simple in structure and neat in wiring, which can be adapted to the conventional specifications of the ureteral protective component 11. It is easy to process and form, and can stably realize continuous temperature monitoring of the axial long strip area of ​​the catheter 121, meeting the temperature measurement requirements of basic surgical scenarios.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the temperature-sensing optical fiber 1141 is arranged in a spiral pattern around the central axis of the protective component 11 inside the detection layer 114. The temperature-sensing optical fiber 1141 can simultaneously cover the axial and circumferential areas of the catheter 121, achieving circumferential temperature sensing without blind spots and continuous axial temperature measurement throughout the entire process. This completely avoids the problems of incomplete temperature coverage and missing temperature measurement in local areas caused by traditional linear arrangement, accurately capturing abnormal temperature states such as uneven local heating and local hot spots in the ureter, and significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of temperature detection in complex surgical scenarios.

[0030] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a detection port 15 is provided at the end of the protective component 11 away from the positioning component 12. The detection port 15 is interconnected with the internal cavity of the detection layer 114, forming a regular wiring channel. The end of the temperature measuring optical fiber 1141 extends through the detection port 15 to the outside of the protective component 11, realizing a stable electrical and signal connection with the external detection unit 2. This ensures the regularity of the wiring of the temperature measuring optical fiber 1141, avoiding wiring confusion, bending, and damage during surgery, and also ensures the stable transmission of temperature detection signals, ensuring that temperature measurement data is uploaded to the detection unit 2 in real time and without interruption.

[0031] Furthermore, to enhance the brightness of the protective unit 1, an illumination fiber optic cable 1142 is also provided within the detection layer 114; an illumination port 14 is provided at the end of the protective component 11 furthest from the positioning component 12; the illumination port 14 is connected to the detection layer 114; correspondingly, a dedicated illumination port 14 is provided at the end of the protective component 11 furthest from the positioning component 12, and the illumination port 14 is connected to the internal cavity of the detection layer 114. The independent port design allows for the separate layout of the optical path, electrical circuit, and temperature measurement line, avoiding mutual interference between the lines. At the same time, the illumination port 14 is equipped with an illumination device 3 using a detachable connection method, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, facilitating subsequent equipment maintenance, parts replacement, and instrument disinfection and reuse. The illumination fiber optic cable 1142 is stably connected to the external illumination unit through the illumination port 14, providing a light source and control support for the active light emission illumination function.

[0032] The illumination fiber 1142 adopts a surround layout design, with the fiber optic cables evenly arranged in a circle around the central axis of the protective component 11. This enables uniform illumination from all directions along the wall of the protective component 11, completely solving the problems of uneven illumination on one side and dim local vision. It comprehensively improves the overall brightness and visibility of the protective component 11, and can still clearly highlight the trajectory of the catheter 121 and ureter even in scenarios with intraoperative bleeding, tissue obstruction, and complex anatomical structures, providing intuitive visual guidance for surgical operations.

[0033] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the illumination fiber 1142 adopts a straight-line arrangement structure inside the detection layer 114, and the illumination fiber 1142 as a whole is parallel to the axis of the protective component 11. The regular straight-line arrangement can ensure the basic lighting effect, the processing technology is simple, and it is suitable for the visualization needs of conventional minimally invasive surgical scenarios.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the illumination fiber 1142 is arranged in a spiral around the axis of the protective member 11 inside the detection layer 114. The spirally arranged illumination fiber 1142 can achieve uniform light emission throughout the entire circumference of the catheter 121 without dead angles, with more comprehensive light coverage and more uniform brightness distribution, which can greatly improve the identification of the ureter in complex surgical environments and effectively reduce the risk of accidental damage during surgery.

[0035] like Figure 1-6 As shown, to increase the strength of the protective component 11, the protective component 11 also includes a reinforcing layer 112 and a separating layer 113; the separating layer 113 is located between the outer layer 111 and the detection layer 114; the reinforcing layer 112 is located between the separating layer 113 and the outer layer 111; the separating layer 113, the outer layer 111, and the inner layer 115 are fixedly connected, resulting in a strong overall structure and high stability. The core function of the separating layer 113 is isolation and protection, completely separating the reinforcing layer 112 from the detection layer 114, effectively preventing the hard reinforcing structure inside the reinforcing layer 112 from rubbing and squeezing the detection layer 114 for a long time, and preventing damage such as wear, breakage, and displacement of the temperature measuring fiber 1141 and the illumination fiber 1142 inside the detection layer 114, thus providing comprehensive protection for the internal optical path structure and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the temperature measuring and illumination functions.

[0036] The core reinforcing structure of the reinforcing layer 112 is a reinforcing wire. Multiple reinforcing wires are interwoven to form an integrated tubular mesh structure that completely wraps around the outside of the protective component 11. The tubular mesh reinforcing structure can comprehensively improve the circumferential strength and axial tensile and bending resistance of the protective component 11, effectively resisting external force damage caused by tissue compression and instrument contact during surgery, avoiding cracking, breakage, collapse and other failures of the protective component 11, and greatly improving the overall structural stability and surgical safety of the catheter 121.

[0037] The reinforcing wire is made of medical-grade metal material. Metal material has the advantages of high strength, good toughness and strong resistance to deformation, which can maximize the structural strength of the protective component 11. At the same time, it has good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for the intracavitary surgical environment and effectively avoiding problems such as material corrosion and structural failure.

[0038] To ensure the medical safety and biocompatibility of the device and to adapt it to the minimally invasive use environment within the ureteral lumen, the outer layer 111, the septum 113, and the inner layer 115 are all made of medical-grade polymer materials. These materials possess high flexibility, good biocompatibility, are non-toxic and harmless, and resistant to bodily fluid corrosion. They conform to the tissues within the human lumen, minimizing friction and irritation to the ureteral mucosa and preventing secondary damage. Simultaneously, they are easily bent during surgery to adapt to the ureteral shape, improving surgical adaptability and patient comfort.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the illuminator 3 adopts a built-in installation structure and is embedded inside the detection unit 2, thereby simplifying the overall structure of the equipment, avoiding intraoperative bumps and wire pulling damage caused by external illuminator 3, while optimizing the integration of the equipment and improving the overall portability and ease of operation of the device.

[0040] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a side hole 16 is provided through the side wall of the protective component 11. The side hole 16 is a through-channel structure, with one end connected to the external environment and the other end connecting to the working channel inside the catheter 121 after passing through the layers of the protective component 11, which can meet the needs of expanded functions such as drainage, irrigation, and drug administration during surgery. At the same time, a separator tube is provided around the side hole 16 to prevent liquid from entering the reinforcing layer 112 and the detection layer 114, and to prevent the multi-layer structure from peeling and cracking, ensuring the long-term smooth and stable flow of the side hole 16 channel.

[0041] Preferably, the side holes 16 are evenly arrayed along the central axis of the protective member 11. The evenly arrayed side holes 16 can realize multi-point, all-round drainage and flushing, improve the drainage efficiency during the operation, avoid local fluid and blood accumulation residue, and further optimize the surgical operation field of vision.

[0042] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the detection unit 2 also includes a housing, with the transmitter, processor, and receiver located inside the housing; the display 22 is located on the side wall of the housing; the housing forms a closed protective structure, which can effectively isolate the erosion of water vapor, dust, and bodily fluids during surgery, protecting the internal precision electronic components; the display 22, used to display real-time temperature and working status, is embedded in the side wall surface of the housing, making it convenient for medical staff to read data and observe the equipment's operating status in real time. Function buttons 23 are equipped on the side wall of the housing, which can realize manual operation such as turning the equipment on and off, adjusting parameters, setting thresholds, and switching lighting, making operation simple and convenient, and adapting to the needs of rapid operation during surgery.

[0043] The detection unit 2 is equipped with a dedicated power cord 25. One end of the power cord 25 is inserted into the housing and electrically connected to the transmitter, receiver, processor, display 22 and other electrical components to provide stable power support for the operation of the equipment.

[0044] Preferably, to enable wireless and portable use of the device and eliminate the limitations of wired power supply, a rechargeable battery is integrated inside the casing, which can provide offline power supply, adapting to scenarios where there is no external power source during surgery, and improving the flexibility and adaptability of the device.

[0045] The detection unit 2 also integrates an intelligent alarm mechanism. The alarm 24 is connected to the internal processor via a dedicated wire, forming a closed-loop intelligent early warning system. When the processor detects that the ureter temperature exceeds the safe threshold, equipment malfunctions, or signal abnormalities, it can quickly trigger an alarm to promptly alert medical staff to avoid the risk of heat injury.

[0046] Preferably, the alarm 24 can adopt one or more of the following combined structures: a buzzer, a flashing light, and a multi-color ambient indicator light. Through the dual warning methods of sound and light, it can ensure that the warning is conspicuous and timely during the operation, and prevent medical staff from missing abnormal signals.

[0047] Preferably, at least two through holes are provided on the side wall of the housing, corresponding to the functional requirements of heat dissipation, charging, and wiring, respectively. This can not only ensure the ventilation and heat dissipation of the electronic components inside the housing and avoid overheating failure of the equipment, but also meet the usage requirements of charging and wiring connection. The structural design is reasonable and practical.

[0048] The positioning component 12 includes a positioning balloon, which is connected to the positioning port 13 via a catheter 121. During the operation, water or air can be injected into the positioning balloon through the positioning port 13 to achieve expansion and positioning. This allows the end of the catheter 121 to be quickly fixed in the designated position of the ureter, effectively preventing the catheter 121 from slipping or shifting during the operation, ensuring the stable operation of temperature measurement, lighting, and drainage functions, and adapting to the surgical positioning needs of different body positions and anatomical structures.

[0049] To accommodate the physiological length of the human ureter and the requirements of routine urological surgical procedures, the length of the protective component 11 is strictly limited to the range of 28cm to 30cm. This length range can fully accommodate the normal course of the adult ureter, meeting the needs of full insertion and monitoring throughout the procedure, while avoiding intraoperative bending or accumulation due to excessive length, or insufficient monitoring and protection due to insufficient length, thus precisely conforming to clinical surgical procedures.

[0050] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application. Under the guidance of the above teachings, those skilled in the art can make other improvements or modifications based on the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above specific description is only to better explain the purpose of this application, and the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An intraoperative ureteral protection device, characterized in that, It includes: The protective component includes a protective element, a positioning element, and a positioning port. The positioning element is located on the side wall of the protective element. The positioning element and the positioning port are located at opposite ends of the protective element. The positioning element is connected to the positioning port via a conduit. The protective element includes an outer layer, a detection layer, and an inner layer. The inner layer has a through-hole for operation. The outer layer wraps around the inner layer. The detection layer is located between the outer and inner layers. A temperature-measuring optical fiber is installed within the detection layer. A Bragg grating is installed on the inner wall of the temperature-measuring optical fiber. The outer and inner layers are fixedly connected. The detection unit includes a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, and a display; the transmitter and receiver are respectively connected to the two ends of the temperature-measuring optical fiber; the display is connected to the processor and receiver via wires.

2. The intraoperative ureteral protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective component further includes a reinforcing layer and a separating layer; the separating layer is located between the outer layer and the detection layer; the reinforcing layer is located between the separating layer and the outer layer; the separating layer, the outer layer, and the inner layer are fixedly connected. Preferably, the reinforcing layer comprises reinforcing wires; the reinforcing wires intersect each other; Preferably, the reinforcing wire is made of a metallic material.

3. The intraoperative ureteral protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer layer, the separator layer, and the inner layer are all made of medical polymer materials.

4. The intraoperative ureteral protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection layer is provided with at least two temperature-sensing optical fibers; the temperature-sensing optical fibers are evenly arranged inside the detection layer. Preferably, the temperature-measuring optical fibers are arranged in a straight line inside the detection layer; Preferably, the temperature-measuring optical fiber is arranged in a spiral pattern inside the detection layer; Preferably, the protective component has a detection port at the end away from the positioning component; the detection port is connected to the detection layer; and the temperature measuring optical fiber is connected to the detection unit through the detection port.

5. The intraoperative ureteral protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection layer is also equipped with an illumination fiber; the protective component has an illumination port at the end away from the positioning component; the illumination port is connected to the detection layer; an illumination device is detachably connected to the illumination port; the illumination fiber is connected to the illumination unit through the illumination port; Preferably, the lighting optical fibers are arranged circumferentially around the axis of the protective component; Preferably, the illumination optical fibers are arranged in a straight line inside the detection layer; Preferably, the illumination optical fiber is arranged in a spiral pattern inside the detection layer; Preferably, the illuminator is located inside the detection unit.

6. The intraoperative ureteral protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective component has a side hole on its side wall; one end of the side hole is connected to the outside, and the other end passes through the protective component and is connected to the working channel; the side hole is enclosed by a partition tube. Preferably, the side holes are evenly arranged along the axis of the protective member.

7. The intraoperative ureteral protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection unit also includes a housing, with the transmitter, processor, and receiver located inside the housing; the display is located on the side wall of the housing. Preferably, the detection unit further includes a power cord; one end of the power cord is inserted into the housing and connected to the transmitter, receiver, processor, and display. Preferably, a battery is provided inside the housing; Preferably, the side wall of the housing is also provided with buttons.

8. The intraoperative ureteral protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection unit also includes an alarm; the alarm is connected to the processor via a wire. Preferably, the alarm includes one or more of a buzzer, a flashing light, and a multi-color light; Preferably, the outer casing has at least two through holes.

9. The intraoperative ureteral protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning element includes a positioning balloon.

10. The intraoperative ureteral protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the protective component is greater than 28cm; Preferably, the length of the protective component is less than 30cm.

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