Automatic fire extinguishing device and battery

Abstract

The application provides an automatic fire extinguishing device and a battery, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The automatic fire extinguishing device comprises a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a control valve and a transmission mechanism. The conveying pipeline is internally provided with a fire extinguishing agent. The nozzle is connected to the outlet end of the conveying pipeline and is in communication with the conveying pipeline. A part of the control valve is arranged in the conveying pipeline, and the pipeline body is located on the side of the control valve away from the nozzle. When the control valve is in an open state, the pipeline body is in communication with the nozzle. When the control valve is in a closed state, the pipeline body is not in communication with the nozzle. The transmission assembly of the transmission mechanism is drivingly connected between the trigger plate and the control valve. The trigger plate is suitable for driving the transmission assembly to move, so as to drive the control valve to switch from the closed state to the open state. The expansion force of the battery monomer when the battery monomer is in thermal runaway can drive the control valve to open, so that the thermal runaway of the battery monomer can be controlled in time. The temperature sensor is not needed, and the problem that the sensor fails in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment and causes detection failure can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to an automatic fire extinguishing device and a battery. Background Technology

[0002] Batteries often experience thermal runaway during use due to harsh operating environments or inducing factors such as overcharging and overheating, which can even lead to serious fires. Batteries typically contain multiple individual cells. When a single cell experiences thermal runaway, if this runaway is not suppressed, it risks spreading to the entire battery, causing a severe fire or even an explosion. Therefore, related technologies incorporate a series of thermal runaway detection, early warning, and fire suppression devices within the battery.

[0003] However, most current battery thermal runaway detection devices rely on temperature sensors to detect the temperature inside the battery and control the on / off state of the fire extinguishing device based on the temperature change signal. However, temperature sensors are prone to failure in high-temperature, high-pressure environments, leading to detection failure. Furthermore, the high temperatures generated by battery thermal runaway can burn out the instrument's sensing circuitry, making it impossible to provide timely warnings and preventative measures against battery thermal runaway, thus hindering fire control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an automatic fire extinguishing device and a battery. The expansion force of the battery cell during thermal runaway drives the control valve to open and release the fire extinguishing agent. This can control the thermal runaway of the battery cell in the first instance, and it does not require a temperature sensor, thus solving the problem of sensor failure in high temperature and high pressure environments.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, an automatic fire extinguishing device is provided, comprising a delivery pipeline, a nozzle, a control valve, and a transmission mechanism, wherein the delivery pipeline contains a fire extinguishing agent. The nozzle is connected to the outlet end of the delivery pipeline and is in communication with the delivery pipeline.

[0006] A portion of the control valve is located within the transport pipeline, which includes a pipeline body situated on the side of the control valve furthest from the nozzle. The control valve has open and closed states. When the control valve is open, the pipeline body is in communication with the nozzle; when the control valve is closed, the pipeline body is not in communication with the nozzle. The transmission mechanism includes a trigger plate and a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly is tractably connected between the trigger plate and the control valve. The trigger plate is adapted to drive the transmission assembly to move, thereby switching the control valve from the closed state to the open state.

[0007] It is understandable that when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, a violent chemical reaction occurs inside the cell, producing a large amount of gas, which causes the pressure inside the cell to rise sharply, leading to the cell expanding.

[0008] A transmission assembly is tractably connected between the trigger plate and the control valve. When a battery cell undergoes thermal runaway and expands uncontrollably, the cell compresses the trigger plate, triggering it. The trigger plate then drives the transmission assembly to move, switching the control valve from a closed to an open state. The main body of the pipeline is connected to the nozzle, allowing extinguishing agent to be sprayed from the nozzle into the battery casing to extinguish or cool the battery cell and suppress its thermal runaway.

[0009] In this way, the control valve opens and releases the extinguishing agent solely through the expansion force of a single battery cell during thermal runaway. This allows for immediate control of thermal runaway in a single cell, preventing it from spreading to other cells and thus improving battery safety. Furthermore, this automatic fire extinguishing device does not require a temperature sensor, solving the problem of sensor failure in high-temperature, high-pressure environments; it also requires no electrical power, reducing power consumption.

[0010] Therefore, this automatic fire extinguishing device responds to the mechanical stress generated by the thermal runaway expansion of the lithium battery, and can achieve automatic mechanical triggering of fire extinguishing without sensors or power supply. Its response process is not affected by factors such as high temperature, smoke and electromagnetic interference.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the control valve includes a tilting plate and a connecting shaft. The tilting plate is rotatably disposed within a transport pipeline, and the connecting shaft is fixed to the tilting plate, with at least a portion of the connecting shaft located outside the transport pipeline. A transmission assembly is fixed to the connecting shaft and is used to drive the connecting shaft to rotate, thereby causing the tilting plate to rotate. The rotation axis of the tilting plate is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the control valve and the nozzle.

[0012] Specifically, the control valve is in the closed state when the entire outer periphery of the tilting plate abuts against the inner wall of the transport pipeline; and in the open state when at least a portion of the outer periphery of the tilting plate is separated from the inner wall.

[0013] By using the aforementioned rotating flap to open or close the connection between the pipeline body and the nozzle, and requiring only a 90° rotation to switch from a closed to a fully open state, the time spent switching the control valve from closed to open is reduced, significantly improving emergency response speed and enhancing the reliability of automatic fire extinguishing devices in suppressing thermal runaway. When the flap is fully open, it is parallel to the flow direction of the extinguishing agent, resulting in minimal flow resistance and reduced pressure loss. This ensures effective delivery of the extinguishing agent to the nozzle and maintains the pressure of the ejected extinguishing agent, contributing to improved fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the transmission assembly includes a transmission member and a rotating member. The transmission member is drively connected between the trigger plate and the rotating member. The rotating member is fixed to a connecting shaft and can rotate relative to the transport pipeline about the connecting shaft. When the trigger plate is triggered, the trigger plate moves in a straight line and pushes the transmission member to move. The transmission member can drive the rotating member to rotate, thereby switching the control valve from a closed state to an open state.

[0015] By cooperating with the transmission and rotating components, the linear motion of the trigger plate can be converted into the rotational motion of the rotating components, thereby switching the control valve from the closed state to the open state and releasing the extinguishing agent to extinguish or cool down the thermally runaway battery cells.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the transmission component includes a first connecting rod and a transmission plate, the transmission plate and the trigger plate being arranged in a first direction, and the first connecting rod connecting the trigger plate and the transmission plate. The transmission plate contacts the rotating component, and in the first direction, the transmission plate is located on the side of the rotating component closer to the trigger plate; in the second direction, the transmission plate is spaced apart from the connecting shaft; the first direction, the second direction, and the rotation axis direction of the flipping plate are perpendicular to each other.

[0017] When the trigger plate is activated, it pushes the entire transmission component to move in the first direction, and the transmission component moves away from the battery cell. It should be understood that the displacement of the trigger plate is proportional to the degree of expansion of the battery cell, the rotation angle of the rotating component is proportional to the displacement of the trigger plate, and the rotation angle of the flip plate is the same as the rotation angle of the rotating component. In other words, the rotation angle of the flip plate is proportional to the displacement of the trigger plate, which in turn is proportional to the degree of expansion of the battery cell.

[0018] When the thermal runaway of a battery cell is more severe, the expansion volume of the battery cell is larger, the rotation angle of the tipping plate is greater, the flow channel area defined by the tipping plate and the inner wall of the transport pipe is larger, and the flow rate of the extinguishing agent is greater, which can improve the extinguishing efficiency. When the thermal runaway of a battery cell is not severe, the expansion size of the battery cell is smaller, the rotation angle of the tipping plate is smaller, the flow channel area defined by the tipping plate and the inner wall of the transport pipe is smaller, and the flow rate of the extinguishing agent is less. This can effectively suppress the thermal runaway of the battery cell while saving extinguishing agent.

[0019] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the transmission mechanism further includes a baffle and an elastic element. The baffle is located on the side of the transmission plate opposite to the trigger plate. One end of the elastic element is fixed relative to the baffle, and the other end of the elastic element is fixed relative to the transmission plate. At least a portion of the elastic element can undergo elastic deformation along a first direction. When the control valve is in the closed state, the elastic element is in a natural state or a compressed state.

[0020] It is understandable that when batteries are used in environments prone to vibration, such as vehicles, the impact force can be transmitted to the battery, and the individual battery cells inside the casing may shake and squeeze the trigger plate, causing the trigger plate to be triggered unexpectedly.

[0021] By setting an elastic element between the baffle and the transmission component, when the trigger plate is accidentally triggered and pushes the transmission plate to move, the transmission plate needs to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element. When the initial elastic force of the elastic element is set to be greater than or equal to the impact force, the transmission plate will not easily displace. This can prevent the transmission plate from driving the control valve to switch to the open state in a non-thermal runaway environment.

[0022] Therefore, setting an elastic element and an appropriate initial elastic force can not only prevent the transmission components from being falsely triggered under vibration, but also ensure that the battery cells can be effectively suppressed when they undergo real thermal runaway expansion, thereby improving the reliability of the automatic fire extinguishing device and the safety of the battery.

[0023] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the transmission mechanism further includes a telescopic rod, which includes a first rod body, a second rod body, and an elastic element. The extension directions of the first rod body and the second rod body are both parallel to the first direction. The first rod body is fixed to the baffle, and the second rod body includes a first end and a second end. The first end is fixed to the transmission plate, and the second end is located inside the first rod body.

[0024] At least a portion of the elastic element is located within the first rod body, with one end connected to the first rod body or a baffle and the other end connected to a second end. The first rod body can restrict the deformation direction of the elastic element, ensuring that the elastic element can undergo elastic deformation along a first direction.

[0025] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the transmission component includes a second link and a mating rod. The second link connects between the rotating component and the trigger plate, and is hinged to the trigger plate. The mating rod includes a free end and a fixed end. The free end is hinged to the end of the second link away from the trigger plate; and / or, the free end is hinged to the end of the rotating component near the second link. The mating rod is telescopic, and the free end is rotatable about the fixed end.

[0026] Since the rotating component also has displacement in a second direction during rotation, the collateral rod is telescopic and its free end can rotate around the fixed end. The collateral rod can match the movement trajectory of the rotating component and support the second connecting rod and the transmission component, ensuring the reliability of their movement. In addition, the overall structure of the transmission mechanism in this embodiment is simpler.

[0027] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the mating rod includes a tube body, a piston rod, and a piston. The tube body includes a fixed end, the piston rod includes a free end, the piston is fixed to the piston rod, the piston is movably disposed within the tube body, and the piston divides the cavity within the tube body into a first inner cavity and a second inner cavity, and the first inner cavity and the second inner cavity are connected. The first inner cavity and the second inner cavity contain a damping medium.

[0028] The second connecting rod drives the piston rod to move along the length of the tube, and the damping medium is pushed by the piston to flow between the first and second inner cavities. It can be understood that the damping medium has significant resistance when flowing between the first and second inner cavities; this resistance is in the opposite direction to the movement. This resistance offsets part of the external impact force, converting the kinetic energy of the impact into frictional heat that is dissipated. When the battery undergoes rapid and violent expansion, the cooperating rod can absorb some of the impact energy, preventing the second connecting rod from moving too quickly and generating excessive impact force on the rotating components, thus ensuring the reliability of the rotating components.

[0029] Secondly, a battery is provided, comprising a housing, a plurality of battery cells, and an automatic fire extinguishing device, wherein the plurality of battery cells are disposed within the housing. The automatic fire extinguishing device is the same as that provided in the first aspect, and at least a portion of the automatic fire extinguishing device is disposed within the housing. It is understood that the beneficial effects achievable by the battery of the second aspect described above can be referenced to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and will not be repeated here.

[0030] The transport pipeline includes a main pipeline and multiple branch pipelines, which are connected to the main pipeline. Each branch pipeline is equipped with a nozzle, and the number of branch pipelines corresponds one-to-one with the number of individual battery cells. When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the automatic fire extinguishing device can release extinguishing agent to that battery cell to control its thermal runaway and better prevent it from spreading to other battery cells, thus further improving battery safety.

[0031] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the ratio of the distance between the trigger plate and the battery cell to the maximum outer diameter of the battery cell is 1% to 2%, so that the distance between the trigger plate and the battery cell is appropriate. This can prevent the trigger plate from being squeezed during normal charge and discharge cycles of the battery, and prevent accidental triggering of the transmission mechanism to drive the control valve to open. At the same time, it can ensure that the transmission mechanism can be triggered to drive the control valve to open normally when the battery thermally runs away and expands, so as to control the thermal runaway of the battery cell. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery according to some embodiments; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between an automatic fire extinguishing device and a single battery cell, provided for some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between an automatic fire extinguishing device and a single battery cell, provided for some embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a partial structure of the automatic fire extinguishing device and its interaction with a single battery cell. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a telescopic rod provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between an automatic fire extinguishing device and a single battery cell, provided for other embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between an automatic fire extinguishing device and a single battery cell, provided for other embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a mating rod provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure label: 100. Battery; e1. First direction; e2. Second direction; A. Housing; A1. Base plate; A2. Side plate; B. Individual battery cell; C. Automatic fire extinguishing device; 1. Transport pipeline; 10. Pipeline body; 11. Main pipeline; 111. Inlet end; 112. Connecting port; 12. Branch pipeline; 121. Outlet end; 2. Nozzle; 21. Fixing part; 211. Through hole; 22. Spraying part; 3. Control valve; 31. Connecting shaft; 32. Flip plate; 4. Transmission mechanism; 41. Trigger plate; 42. Transmission assembly; 43. Transmission component; 431. First connecting rod; 432. Transmission plate; 4321. Main body; 4322. Mating part; 433. Second connecting rod; 434. Mating rod; 43a. Free end; 43b. Fixed end; 4340. Tube body; 4341. First inner cavity; 4342. Second inner cavity; 4343. Damping medium; 4344. Piston rod; 4345. Piston; 4346. Throttling orifice; 44. Rotating component; 45. Telescopic rod; 451. First rod body; 452. Second rod body; 4521. First end; 4522. Second end; 453. Elastic component; 46. Baffle; 47. Slide rail; 481. First hinge; 482. Second hinge; 49. Universal joint. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0035] In embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, the description of "parallel" indicates approximate parallelism within a certain allowable error range, which can be a range where the angle of deviation from absolute parallelism is less than or equal to 5°. The description of "perpendicular" indicates approximate perpendicularity within a certain allowable error range, which can be a range where the angle of deviation from absolute perpendicularity is less than or equal to 5°.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0038] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0039] To facilitate understanding, before providing a detailed description of the batteries in the embodiments of this application, the relevant terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained first.

[0040] Connection: can refer to a direct connection between two structural components or an indirect connection between two structural components. An indirect connection can be a connection achieved through some intermediate medium or method, rather than direct physical contact.

[0041] Orientation: refers to two structural components facing each other directly or at a certain angle.

[0042] Transmission connection: refers to the connection between two components in which the movement of one component can be transmitted to the other component. The connection methods between the two components include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following connection methods: rotational connection, sliding connection, gear meshing transmission connection, sprocket transmission connection, cam mechanism transmission connection, etc.

[0043] Batteries often experience thermal runaway during use due to harsh operating environments or inducing factors such as overcharging and overheating, which can even lead to serious fires. Batteries typically consist of multiple individual cells. When a single cell experiences thermal runaway, if this runaway is not suppressed, there is a risk that it will spread to the entire battery, causing a severe fire or even an explosion.

[0044] Therefore, related technologies incorporate a series of thermal runaway detection, early warning, and fire extinguishing devices within the battery. However, current battery thermal runaway detection devices primarily rely on temperature sensors to detect the internal temperature of the battery, using temperature change signals to control the on / off state of the fire extinguishing device. However, temperature sensors are prone to failure in high-temperature, high-pressure environments, leading to detection failure. Furthermore, the high temperatures generated by battery thermal runaway can burn out the instrument's sensing circuitry, making it impossible to provide timely early warning and prevention of battery thermal runaway, thus hindering fire control.

[0045] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application provide a battery 100, which includes a housing A and multiple battery cells B, all of which are disposed within the housing A. The battery 100 can be a lithium-ion battery 100, a sodium-ion battery 100, or a magnesium-ion battery 100, etc., and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0046] This application embodiment also provides an automatic fire extinguishing device C, at least a portion of which is disposed within a housing A. The automatic fire extinguishing device C is used to extinguish or cool down battery cells B. Wherein, "at least a portion of the automatic fire extinguishing device C is disposed within housing A" means that a part of the automatic fire extinguishing device C is disposed within housing A; or, the entire automatic fire extinguishing device C is disposed within housing A.

[0047] Combination Figures 2-4 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between an automatic fire extinguishing device C and a battery cell B, provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between an automatic fire extinguishing device C and a battery cell B, provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a partial structure of the automatic fire extinguishing device C and its interaction with the battery cell B. The automatic fire extinguishing device C includes a transport pipe 1, a nozzle 2, a control valve 3, and a transmission mechanism 4. The transport pipe 1 contains fire extinguishing agent. The transport pipe 1 includes a main pipe 11 and a branch pipe 12, with the branch pipe 12 connected to the main pipe 11. The nozzle 2 is connected to the outlet end 121 of the branch pipe 12 and is also connected to the branch pipe 12. The main pipe 11 has an inlet end 111 and is connected to a storage tank for storing the fire extinguishing agent. For example, the inlet end 111 can be located outside the housing A, and the inlet end 111 includes a connection port 112 communicating with the storage tank; all other parts of the transport pipe 1 except for the inlet end 111 are located inside the housing A.

[0048] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 A portion of the control valve 3 is located within the transport pipeline 1. The transport pipeline 1 includes a pipeline body 10, which is situated on the side of the control valve 3 furthest from the nozzle 2. The control valve 3 may be located within the aforementioned branch pipeline 12, and the pipeline body 10 includes at least a portion of the main pipeline 11 and the branch pipeline 12. The control valve 3 has an open state and a closed state. When the control valve 3 is in the open state, the pipeline body 10 is connected to the nozzle 2, and the extinguishing agent within the transport pipeline 1 can be ejected through the nozzle 2. When the control valve 3 is in the closed state, the pipeline body 10 is not connected to the nozzle 2. Figure 2 and Figure 4 Control valve 3 is in the closed state. Figure 3 Control valve 3 is in the open state.

[0049] The transmission mechanism 4 includes a trigger plate 41 and a transmission assembly 42. The transmission assembly 42 is tractably connected between the trigger plate 41 and the control valve 3. The trigger plate 41 is adapted to drive the transmission assembly 42 to move, so as to switch the control valve 3 from the closed state to the open state.

[0050] It is understandable that when battery cell B experiences thermal runaway, violent chemical reactions occur inside battery cell B, such as the decomposition of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) membrane and the decomposition of the electrolyte. This generates a large amount of gas, causing the pressure inside battery cell B to rise sharply, which in turn causes battery cell B to expand.

[0051] The transmission assembly 42 is tractably connected between the trigger plate 41 and the control valve 3. When the battery cell B undergoes thermal runaway expansion, the battery cell B presses against the trigger plate 41, triggering the trigger plate 41. The trigger plate 41 can drive the transmission assembly 42 to move, thereby switching the control valve 3 from a closed state to an open state. The pipeline body 10 is connected to the nozzle 2, and the extinguishing agent can be sprayed from the nozzle 2 into the housing A of the battery 100 to extinguish or cool the battery cell B and suppress its thermal runaway.

[0052] In this way, by using only the expansion force of battery cell B during thermal runaway to drive the control valve 3 to open and release the extinguishing agent, the thermal runaway of battery cell B can be controlled immediately, preventing the thermal runaway of a single battery cell B from spreading to other battery cells B, thereby improving the safety of battery 100. Furthermore, this automatic fire extinguishing device C does not require a temperature sensor to operate, thus solving the problem of temperature sensor failure due to high temperature and high pressure environments; the automatic fire extinguishing device C also does not require electrical drive, reducing power consumption.

[0053] Therefore, the automatic fire extinguishing device C responds to the mechanical stress generated by the thermal runaway expansion of the lithium battery 100, and can realize automatic mechanical triggering fire extinguishing without sensors or power supply. Its response process is not affected by factors such as high temperature, smoke and electromagnetic interference.

[0054] See Figure 1 In some embodiments, there are multiple branch pipes 12, each equipped with a control valve 3 and a nozzle 2. There are multiple battery cells B, and the number of branch pipes 12 corresponds one-to-one with the number of battery cells B. When a single battery cell B experiences thermal runaway, the automatic fire extinguishing device C can release a fire extinguishing agent to control the thermal runaway of that battery cell B, better preventing the thermal runaway of a single battery cell B from spreading to other battery cells B, and further improving the safety of the battery 100.

[0055] Multiple battery cells B can be arranged in an array, with a heat insulation plate between adjacent battery cells B. The heat insulation plate can reduce heat transfer between adjacent battery cells B, and when a battery cell B experiences thermal runaway, it can reduce the risk of the thermal runaway of that battery cell B spreading to adjacent cells. For example, the material of the heat insulation plate can include at least one of ceramic fiber and aerogel. Ceramic fiber has good heat resistance, is suitable for high-temperature environments, and has a stable structure; aerogel has a nanoscale porous network structure and an extremely low thermal conductivity, thus providing good thermal insulation.

[0056] Continue reading Figure 1 The enclosure A may include a base plate A1 and a side plate A2. The side plate A2 is connected to the base plate A1 and surrounds the outer perimeter of the base plate A1, forming an accommodating space Q between the base plate A1 and the side plate A2. An automatic fire extinguishing device C and a battery cell B are both located within the accommodating space Q, and the automatic fire extinguishing device C and battery cell B may be mounted on the base plate A1. A nozzle 2 is positioned opposite the battery cell B, and at least a portion of the nozzle 2 may be located on the side of the battery cell B facing away from the base plate A1. The placement of the nozzle 2 ensures that the extinguishing agent is concentrated on the specific battery cell B experiencing thermal runaway and its adjacent area, achieving precise localized fire extinguishing. This design ensures that the amount of extinguishing agent released matches the severity of the thermal runaway, avoiding waste of extinguishing agent while minimizing the impact on battery cells B that have not experienced thermal runaway.

[0057] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4 The nozzle 2 includes a spray section 22, which is fixed to the outlet end 121 of the branch pipe 12, and at least a portion of the spray section 22 is located outside the branch pipe 12. The spray section 22 has multiple spray holes that communicate with the branch pipe 12. When the extinguishing agent in the transport pipe 1 passes through the spray holes, it can be dispersed, resulting in a better spray range and higher efficiency in suppressing thermal runaway of battery cell B.

[0058] In some embodiments, the nozzle 2 may further include a fixing part 21 connected to the spraying part 22. The fixing part 21 is located inside the branch pipe 12 and fixed to the inner wall of the branch pipe 12. Fixing the nozzle 2 to the branch pipe 12 by the fixing part 21 can enhance the reliability of the connection between the nozzle 2 and the branch pipe 12. The fixing part 21 has a plurality of through holes 211, which can reduce the flow resistance of the fixing part 21 to the extinguishing agent. When the control valve 3 is opened, the extinguishing agent can flow into the nozzle 2 from the through holes 211 and be sprayed out from the spray hole.

[0059] For example, the extinguishing agent mentioned above can be carbon dioxide, perfluorohexanone, aerosol extinguishing agent, water or dry powder extinguishing agent, etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0060] Since battery cell B typically employs a wound or stacked structure, the external encapsulation of battery cell B (including aluminum-plastic film, steel shell, etc.) imposes relatively little constraint on its thickness or length. Therefore, when battery cell B expands, the expansion is most pronounced in its thickness or length direction. Consequently, the trigger plate 41 of the automatic fire extinguishing device C needs to be positioned opposite the battery cell B in its length or thickness direction.

[0061] It should be noted that during the charge-discharge cycle of battery 100, the volume of the internal electrode material changes, which is often accompanied by an expansion of the battery 100's volume. However, the expansion of battery 100's volume due to charge-discharge is less than the expansion of battery 100's volume during thermal runaway. The aforementioned trigger plate 41 can be spaced apart from the battery cell B to prevent accidental triggering of the transmission mechanism 4 to open the control valve 3 during normal charge-discharge cycles of battery 100, which would cause the fire extinguishing agent to be sprayed from the nozzle 2.

[0062] The ratio of the distance between the trigger plate 41 and the battery cell B to the maximum outer diameter of the battery cell B is 1% to 2%, which ensures that there is a suitable distance between the trigger plate 41 and the battery cell B. This can prevent the trigger plate 41 from being squeezed during the normal charge and discharge cycle of the battery 100, thus preventing accidental triggering of the transmission mechanism 4 to open the control valve 3. At the same time, it can ensure that the transmission mechanism 4 can be triggered to open the control valve 3 normally when the battery 100 expands due to thermal runaway, thereby controlling the thermal runaway of the battery cell B.

[0063] It should be noted that when battery cell B is cubic in shape, the maximum outer diameter of battery cell B is equal to the length of the cube; when battery cell B is cylindrical, the maximum outer diameter of battery cell B is equal to the diameter of the cylinder. For example, the ratio of the distance between the trigger plate 41 and battery cell B to the maximum outer diameter of battery cell B can be 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, or 2%.

[0064] See Figure 4 In some embodiments, the control valve 3 includes a tilting plate 32 and a connecting shaft 31. The tilting plate 32 is rotatably disposed inside the transport pipeline 1, and the connecting shaft 31 is fixed to the tilting plate 32, with at least a portion of the connecting shaft 31 located outside the transport pipeline 1. "At least a portion of the connecting shaft 31 is located outside the transport pipeline 1" means that a portion of the connecting shaft 31 is located outside the transport pipeline 1; or, the entire connecting shaft 31 is located outside the transport pipeline 1.

[0065] The transmission assembly 42 is fixed to the connecting shaft 31. The transmission assembly 42 drives the connecting shaft 31 to rotate, thereby causing the tilting plate 32 to rotate. The rotation axis of the tilting plate 32 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the control valve 3 and the nozzle 2. When the entire outer periphery of the tilting plate 32 abuts against the inner wall of the transport pipe 1, the control valve 3 is in the closed state; when at least a portion of the outer periphery of the tilting plate 32 is spaced apart from the inner wall, the control valve 3 is in the open state.

[0066] When the trigger plate 41 is triggered, the trigger plate 41 drives the connecting shaft 31 to rotate through the transmission assembly 42, and drives the flip plate 32 to rotate, so that the control valve 3 switches from the closed state to the open state.

[0067] By rotating the aforementioned tilting plate 32, the connection or disconnection between the pipeline body 10 and the nozzle 2 can be achieved. A mere 90° rotation is required to switch from a closed to a fully open state, significantly reducing the time required for the control valve 3 to switch from closed to open. This greatly improves emergency response speed and enhances the reliability of the automatic fire extinguishing device C in suppressing thermal runaway. When the tilting plate 32 is fully open, it is parallel to the flow direction of the extinguishing agent, resulting in minimal flow resistance and reduced pressure loss. This ensures effective delivery of the extinguishing agent to the nozzle 2 and maintains the pressure of the ejected extinguishing agent, thus improving fire extinguishing efficiency. The fully open state of the tilting plate 32 refers to the state where the flow resistance to the extinguishing agent is minimized.

[0068] Continue reading Figure 4 In some embodiments, the transmission assembly 42 includes a transmission member 43 and a rotating member 44, with the transmission member 43 drivingly connected between the trigger plate 41 and the rotating member 44. The rotating member 44 is fixed to the connecting shaft 31 and can rotate relative to the transport pipe 1 about the connecting shaft 31, with the rotation axis of the rotating member 44 parallel to the rotation axis of the flip plate 32. When the trigger plate 41 is triggered, the trigger plate 41 moves along a first direction e1; in the first direction e1, the trigger plate 41 can push at least a portion of the transmission member 43 to move away from the battery cell B, thereby enabling the transmission member 43 to drive the rotating member 44 to rotate, thereby switching the control valve 3 from a closed state to an open state.

[0069] In some embodiments, the transmission member 43 includes a first connecting rod 431 and a transmission plate 432. The transmission plate 432 and the trigger plate 41 are arranged in a first direction e1, and the first connecting rod 431 connects the trigger plate 41 and the transmission plate 432. The transmission plate 432 contacts the rotating member 44. In the first direction e1, the transmission plate 432 is located on the side of the rotating member 44 closer to the trigger plate 41; and in the second direction e2, the transmission plate 432 is spaced apart from the connecting shaft 31. The directions of the first direction e1, the second direction e2, and the rotation axis of the flip plate 32 are perpendicular to each other. The direction of the rotation axis of the connecting shaft 31 is parallel to its extension direction.

[0070] When the trigger plate 41 is triggered, it pushes the transmission component 43 to move along the first direction e1, and the transmission component 43 moves away from the battery cell B. Through the cooperation of the trigger plate 41, the transmission plate 432, and the flip plate 32, the linear motion of the trigger plate 41 can be converted into the rotational motion of the flip plate 32, so as to switch the control valve 3 from the closed state to the open state and release the fire extinguishing agent to extinguish or cool the thermally runaway battery cell B.

[0071] It should be understood that the displacement of the trigger plate 41 is proportional to the degree of expansion of the battery cell B, the rotation angle of the rotating part 44 is proportional to the displacement of the trigger plate 41, and the rotation angle of the flip plate 32 is the same as the rotation angle of the rotating part 44. That is, the rotation angle of the flip plate 32 is proportional to the displacement of the trigger plate 41, which means that the rotation angle of the flip plate 32 is proportional to the degree of expansion of the battery cell B.

[0072] When the thermal runaway of battery cell B is more severe, the expansion volume of battery cell B is larger, the rotation angle of the flipping plate 32 is larger, the flow channel area defined by the flipping plate 32 and the inner wall of the transport pipe 1 is larger, and the flow rate of the extinguishing agent is greater, which can improve the extinguishing efficiency. When the thermal runaway of battery cell B is not severe, the expansion size of battery cell B is smaller, the rotation angle of the flipping plate 32 is smaller, the flow channel area defined by the flipping plate 32 and the inner wall of the transport pipe 1 is smaller, and the flow rate of the extinguishing agent is less. While effectively suppressing the thermal runaway of battery cell B, it can also save extinguishing agent.

[0073] In some other embodiments, in the first direction e1, the transmission plate 432 is located on the side of the rotating member 44 near the trigger plate 41; and in the second direction e2, the transmission plate 432 is spaced apart from the connecting shaft 31, or the transmission plate 432 may protrude from the connecting shaft 31. The opposite ends of the flip plate 32 in the second direction e2 can be rotatably connected to the transport pipe 1. The rotation axis of the transmission plate 432 is parallel to the rotation axis of the flip plate 32 and parallel to the second direction e2. The rotation axis of the connecting shaft 31 is perpendicular to its extension direction.

[0074] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the telescopic rod 45 provided in some embodiments of this application; in some embodiments, the transmission mechanism 4 further includes a baffle 46 and an elastic element 453. The baffle 46 is located on the side of the transmission plate 432 facing away from the trigger plate 41. One end of the elastic element 453 is fixed relative to the baffle 46, and the other end of the elastic element 453 is fixed relative to the transmission plate 432. At least a portion of the elastic element 453 can undergo elastic deformation along the first direction e1. When the control valve 3 is in the closed state, the elastic element 453 is in the natural state or the compressed state.

[0075] Understandably, when battery 100 is used in environments prone to vibration, such as vehicles, the impact force can be transmitted to battery 100. The battery cell B inside the housing A may shake and compress the trigger plate 41, causing it to be accidentally triggered. Therefore, by providing an elastic element 453 between the baffle 46 and the transmission component 43, when the trigger plate 41 is accidentally triggered and pushes the transmission plate 432 to move, the transmission plate 432 needs to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 453. By setting the initial elastic force of the elastic element 453 to be greater than or equal to the impact force, the transmission plate 432 will not easily displace, thus preventing the transmission plate 432 from driving the control valve 3 to switch to the open state in a non-thermal runaway environment.

[0076] The expansion force of battery cell B during thermal runaway is greater than the impact force transmitted to battery cell B by vehicle vibration. Even when battery cell B experiences thermal runaway, it can still trigger the transmission component 43 to switch the control valve 3 to the open state. Therefore, by setting the elastic component 453 and a suitable initial elastic force, not only can the false triggering of the transmission component 43 caused by vehicle vibration be prevented, but it can also ensure that the expansion of battery cell B during actual thermal runaway can be effectively suppressed, thereby improving the reliability of the automatic fire extinguishing device C and enhancing the safety of battery 100.

[0077] The aforementioned elastic element 453 can be a spring. The initial elastic force of the elastic element 453 can be set by adjusting the initial compression amount or the spring stiffness coefficient, so as to accurately set the trigger threshold of the transmission element 43 according to the different types of batteries 100 and the needs of batteries 100 in different application scenarios.

[0078] See Figure 4In some embodiments, the transmission assembly 42 further includes a slide rail 47, the extension direction of which is parallel to the first direction e1. The transmission plate 432 is slidably engaged with the slide rail 47, and the slide rail 47 guides the movement of the transmission plate 432, ensuring that the transmission plate 432 can move along the first direction e1, thereby ensuring that the transmission plate 432 can accurately trigger the rotating member 44. For example, the transmission plate 432 includes a main body 4321 and a mating part 4322, which are arranged in the second direction e2. The main body 4321 contacts the rotating member 44, and the mating part 4322 is connected to the side of the main body 4321 away from the rotating member 44. The mating part 4322 is slidably engaged with the slide rail 47, and when the mating part 4322 moves along the slide rail 47, it can drive the main body 4321 to move along the first direction e1.

[0079] As described above, the rotation angle of the flip plate 32 is directly proportional to the expansion degree of the battery cell B. The more severe the thermal runaway of the battery cell B, the larger its expansion size, and the larger the rotation angle of the flip plate 32. It is understandable that when the flip plate 32 rotates 90° from the closed state, the flow channel area defined by the flip plate 32 and the inner wall of the transport pipe 1 is at its maximum. When the expansion size of the battery cell B is too large, causing the rotation angle of the flip plate 32 to exceed 90°, the flow channel area decreases, resulting in a reduction in the amount of extinguishing agent released per unit time, which in turn affects the extinguishing efficiency. Therefore, the rotation angle of the flip plate 32 needs to be limited to less than or equal to 90°.

[0080] Therefore, the length of the slide rail 47 can be adjusted so that when the rotation angle of the flip plate 32 is 90°, the transmission plate 432 is located at the end of the slide rail 47 furthest from the battery cell B. Alternatively, a limiting structure can be provided on the slide rail 47, located on the side of the transmission plate 432 opposite to the trigger plate 41, ensuring that when the rotation angle of the flip plate 32 is 90°, the transmission plate 432 can abut against the limiting structure, thereby limiting the transmission plate 432.

[0081] On the one hand, the maximum displacement of the transmission plate 432 can be limited so that when the displacement of the transmission plate 432 is at its maximum, the rotation angle of the flip plate 32 is 90°. This ensures that when the thermal runaway of the battery cell B is severe, the flow channel area defined by the flip plate 32 and the inner wall of the transport pipe 1 is maximized, guaranteeing the amount of extinguishing agent released per unit time and effectively suppressing the thermal runaway of the battery cell B. On the other hand, by reasonably setting the length of the slide rail 47, it is also possible to avoid the slide rail 47 occupying too much space inside the battery 100 housing A, thereby improving the utilization rate of the space inside the housing A.

[0082] See Figure 4 and Figure 5In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism 4 further includes a telescopic rod 45, which includes a first rod body 451, a second rod body 452, and an elastic element 453. The extension directions of the first rod body 451 and the second rod body 452 are both parallel to the first direction e1. The first rod body 451 is fixed to the baffle 46, and the second rod body 452 includes a first end 4521 and a second end 4522. The first end 4521 is fixed to the transmission plate 432, and the second end 4522 is movably disposed within the first rod body 451.

[0083] At least a portion of the elastic element 453 is located within the first rod 451. One end of the elastic element 453 is connected to the first rod 451 or the baffle 46, and the other end is connected to the second end 4522. The elastic force of the elastic element 453 can cause the second end 4522 to be movably disposed within the first rod 451. "At least a portion of the elastic element 453 is located within the first rod 451" means that a portion of the elastic element 453 is located within the first rod 451; or, the entire elastic element 453 is located within the first rod 451.

[0084] Since at least a portion of the elastic element 453 is located within the first rod 451, the first rod 451 can restrict the deformation direction of the elastic element 453, ensuring that the elastic element 453 can undergo elastic deformation along the first direction e1.

[0085] In some other embodiments, the elastic element 453 can also be directly fixed between the baffle 46 and the transmission plate 432, resulting in a simpler structure.

[0086] In summary, when cell B experiences thermal runaway, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The transmission mechanism 4 shown in the diagram transmits the following information between the battery cell B and the control valve 3: The volume expansion of the battery cell B compresses the trigger plate 41, which in turn pushes the first connecting rod 431 and the transmission plate 432 to move along the first direction e1. At the same time, the transmission plate 432 compresses the telescopic rod 45 and pushes the rotating component 44 to rotate. The rotating component 44 drives the flip plate 32 to rotate, switching the control valve 3 to the open state. The pipeline body 10 and the nozzle 2 are connected, and the extinguishing agent can be sprayed from the nozzle 2 to the corresponding battery cell B to extinguish or cool the battery cell B.

[0087] In other embodiments, see Figure 6 , Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between an automatic fire extinguishing device C and a battery cell B, provided for other embodiments of this application. Figure 1 This application also provides an automatic fire extinguishing device C, which includes a trigger plate 41 and a rotating member 44, and the trigger plate 41 and the rotating member 44 can be referred to Figures 2-4The trigger plate 41 and rotating member 44 in the illustrated embodiment are designed such that when the automatic fire extinguishing device C is installed inside the battery 100, the distance between the trigger plate 41 and the battery cell B can also be referenced. Figure 2 The spacing between the trigger plate 41 and the battery cell B in the illustrated embodiment is designed and will not be described in detail here.

[0088] The following is about Figure 6 The automatic fire extinguishing device C in the embodiment shown is... Figures 2-4 The differences of the automatic fire extinguishing device C in the illustrated embodiment will be explained in detail.

[0089] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 and combined Figure 4 , Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between an automatic fire extinguishing device C and a battery cell B, provided for other embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;in, Figure 6 The control valve 3 shown is in the closed state. Figure 7 The control valve 3 shown is in the open state.

[0090] The transmission component 43 includes a second connecting rod 433 and a mating rod 434. The second connecting rod 433 is connected between the rotating component 44 and the trigger plate 41, and is hinged to the trigger plate 41, allowing the second connecting rod 433 to rotate relative to the trigger plate 41. When the trigger plate 41 is triggered, it pushes the second connecting rod 433 to move along the first direction e1. The second connecting rod 433 drives the rotating component 44 to rotate, which in turn drives the tilting plate 32 to rotate, thereby switching the control valve 3 from the closed state to the open state with a fast response speed.

[0091] The mating rod 434 includes a free end 43a and a fixed end 43b. The free end 43a is hinged to the end of the second link 433 away from the trigger plate 41; or, the free end 43a is hinged to the end of the rotating member 44 near the second link 433; or, the free end 43a is hinged to the end of the second link 433 away from the trigger plate 41, and the free end 43a is also hinged to the end of the rotating member 44 near the second link 433.

[0092] The mating rod 434 is telescopic. When the mating rod 434 is extended, the free end 43a moves away from the fixed end 43b; when the mating rod 434 is shortened, the free end 43a moves towards the fixed end 43b, and the free end 43a can rotate around the fixed end 43b. Since the rotating member 44 also has displacement in the second direction e2 when it rotates, the mating rod 434 can match the movement trajectory of the rotating member 44 through its telescopic nature and the rotation of the free end 43a around the fixed end 43b. Furthermore, the mating rod 434 can support the second connecting rod 433 and the transmission member 43, ensuring the reliability of their movement. In addition, the overall structure of the transmission mechanism 4 in this embodiment is simpler.

[0093] For example, see Figure 7 The fixed end 43b can be connected to the bottom plate A1 of the housing A, and the fixed end 43b and the bottom plate A1 can be connected by a universal joint 49 so that the free end 43a can rotate around the fixed end 43b.

[0094] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 The transmission mechanism 4 may further include a first hinge 481 and a second hinge 482. The second connecting rod 433 is connected to the trigger plate 41 via the first hinge 481, allowing the second connecting rod 433 to rotate relative to the trigger plate 41. The second connecting rod 433 is connected to the free end 43a via the second hinge 482, allowing the second connecting rod 433 to rotate relative to the free end 43a, and the second connecting rod 433 can drive the free end 43a to rotate. The first hinge 481 can be a hinge joint or a ball joint, and the second hinge 482 can also be a hinge joint or a ball joint. For example, the second connecting rod 433 can be connected to the trigger plate 41 via a ball joint, and the second connecting rod 433 can be connected to the free end 43a via a hinge joint.

[0095] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 8 The diagram shows a partial cross-sectional view of the mating rod 434 provided in some embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the mating rod 434 includes a tube body 4340, a piston rod 4344, and a piston 4345. The tube body 4340 includes a fixed end 43b, the piston rod 4344 includes a free end 43a, the piston 4345 is fixed to the piston rod 4344, the piston 4345 is movably disposed inside the tube body 4340, and the piston 4345 divides the cavity inside the tube body 4340 into a first inner cavity 4341 and a second inner cavity 4342, and the first inner cavity 4341 and the second inner cavity 4342 are connected. The first inner cavity 4341 and the second inner cavity 4342 contain a damping medium 4343.

[0096] The second connecting rod 433 can drive the piston rod 4344 to move along the length of the tube 4340. The damping medium 4343 is pushed by the piston 4345 to flow between the first inner cavity 4341 and the second inner cavity 4342. It can be understood that the damping medium 4343 has a large resistance when flowing between the first inner cavity 4341 and the second inner cavity 4342. The direction of this resistance is opposite to the direction of movement. This resistance will offset part of the external impact force and convert the kinetic energy of the impact into frictional heat and dissipate it. When the battery 100 undergoes rapid and violent expansion, the cooperating rod 434 can absorb part of the impact energy, preventing the second connecting rod 433 from moving too fast and generating excessive impact force on the rotating component 44, thus ensuring the reliability of the rotating component 44.

[0097] For example, the piston 4345 has a throttling orifice 4346 on its upper surface, which connects the first inner cavity 4341 and the second inner cavity 4342. When an external force is applied to the piston rod 4344, the piston rod 4344 drives the piston 4345 to move along the tube body 4340. The damping medium 4343 is pushed by the piston 4345 and flows through the small throttling orifice 4346. When the damping medium 4343 flows through the throttling orifice 4346, it generates a large resistance, which converts part of the impact kinetic energy into frictional heat and dissipates it.

[0098] The damping medium 4343 mentioned above can be a liquid or a gas. For example, the damping medium 4343 can be silicone oil, hydraulic oil, polymer damping fluid (such as liquid butyl rubber), silicone grease, or air.

[0099] In some embodiments, the damping coefficient of the aforementioned mating rod 434 is 0.5 N·s / mm to 5 N·s / mm. It should be noted that a larger damping coefficient results in a larger damping force. When the damping coefficient of the mating rod 434 is too large, it is difficult for the mating rod 434 to extend under the push of the second connecting rod 433. That is, when thermal runaway occurs in battery cell B, the second connecting rod 433 is unlikely to push the rotating component 44 to rotate, resulting in a slow response of the transmission mechanism 4 and difficulty in timely suppressing the thermal runaway of battery cell B. When the damping coefficient of the mating rod 434 is too small, when the battery 100 unexpectedly vibrates in a real-world application scenario (e.g., in a vehicle), battery cell B unexpectedly presses against the trigger plate 41. The trigger plate 41 causes the mating rod 434 to extend and pushes the rotating component 44 to rotate, resulting in the control valve 3 being unexpectedly opened.

[0100] Therefore, by setting the damping coefficient of the mating rod 434 within a suitable range, it can be ensured that when the battery cell B experiences thermal runaway, the transmission mechanism 4 can respond in a timely manner, and the second link 433 can push the rotating part 44 to rotate to suppress the thermal runaway of the battery cell B in a timely manner. When the battery cell B accidentally squeezes the trigger plate 41, the mating rod 434 can play a role in buffering and absorbing energy, preventing the second link 433 from driving the rotating part 44 to rotate, thereby preventing the control valve 3 from being accidentally opened.

[0101] In summary, when cell B experiences thermal runaway, Figure 6 and Figure 7 The transmission mechanism 4 shown below describes the transmission process between battery cell B and control valve 3 as follows: The volume expansion of battery cell B compresses trigger plate 41, trigger plate 41 pushes second connecting rod 433 to move along the first direction e1, second connecting rod 433 pushes rotating component 44 to rotate, and simultaneously drives mating rod 434 to extend. Rotating component 44 drives flip plate 32 to rotate, switching control valve 3 to the open state, connecting pipeline body 10 and nozzle 2, allowing fire extinguishing agent to be sprayed from nozzle 2 to the corresponding battery cell B to extinguish or cool the battery cell B.

[0102] In some other embodiments, the mating rod 434 may also be Figures 2-4 The telescopic rod 45 in the illustrated embodiment can also support the second connecting rod 433 and the rotating member 44, and can also serve as a buffer and energy absorber. It should be noted that when the mating rod 434 is... Figures 2-4 In the embodiment shown, when the second link 433 pushes the rotating member 44 to rotate, the telescopic rod 45 extends, and the elastic member 453 inside the telescopic rod 45 is in a stretched state.

[0103] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification. The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic fire extinguishing device, wherein the automatic fire extinguishing device is used to extinguish or cool down individual battery cells inside the battery casing, characterized in that, include: A transport pipeline, wherein the transport pipeline contains a fire extinguishing agent; A nozzle is connected to the outlet end of the transport pipeline, and the nozzle is in communication with the transport pipeline; A control valve, comprising a tilting plate and a connecting shaft, the tilting plate being rotatably disposed within the transport pipe, the connecting shaft being fixed to the tilting plate, and at least a portion of the connecting shaft being located outside the transport pipe; the transport pipe comprising a pipe body, the pipe body being located on the side of the control valve away from the nozzle; Specifically, when at least a portion of the outer periphery of the flip plate is spaced apart from the inner wall surface, the control valve is in the open state, and the main body of the pipeline is connected to the nozzle; when the entire outer periphery of the flip plate abuts against the inner wall surface of the transport pipeline, the control valve is in the closed state, and the main body of the pipeline is not connected to the nozzle. The transmission mechanism includes a trigger plate and a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly is fixed to the connecting shaft and is tractably connected between the trigger plate and the control valve. When the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway expansion, the battery cell compresses the trigger plate, triggering the trigger plate. The trigger plate is adapted to drive the transmission assembly to move. The transmission assembly drives the connecting shaft to rotate and causes the flip plate to rotate, thereby switching the control valve from the closed state to the open state. The rotation angle of the flip plate is proportional to the degree of expansion of the battery cell.

2. The automatic fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation axis of the flip plate is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the control valve and the nozzle.

3. The automatic fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a transmission component and a rotating component. The transmission component is throttledly connected between the trigger plate and the rotating component. The rotating component is fixed to the connecting shaft and can rotate relative to the transport pipeline around the connecting shaft. When the trigger plate is triggered, the transmission component can drive the rotating component to rotate, thereby switching the control valve from the closed state to the open state.

4. The automatic fire extinguishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission component includes a first connecting rod and a transmission plate, the transmission plate and the trigger plate are arranged in a first direction, and the first connecting rod is connected between the trigger plate and the transmission plate; The transmission plate is in contact with the rotating member. In the first direction, the transmission plate is located on the side of the rotating member closer to the trigger plate. In the second direction, the transmission plate is spaced apart from the connecting shaft. The first direction, the second direction, and the rotation axis direction of the flip plate are perpendicular to each other.

5. The automatic fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism further includes a baffle and an elastic element. The baffle is located on the side of the transmission plate opposite to the trigger plate. One end of the elastic element is fixed relative to the baffle, and the other end of the elastic element is fixed relative to the transmission plate. At least a portion of the elastic element can undergo elastic deformation along the first direction. When the control valve is in the closed state, the elastic element is in a natural state or a compressed state.

6. The automatic fire extinguishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism further includes a telescopic rod, which includes a first rod body, a second rod body, and the elastic element. The extension directions of the first rod body and the second rod body are both parallel to the first direction. The first rod body is fixed to the baffle. The second rod body includes a first end and a second end. The first end is fixed to the transmission plate, and the second end is located inside the first rod body. At least a portion of the elastic element is located within the first rod body, one end of the elastic element is connected to the first rod body or baffle, and the other end is connected to the second end.

7. The automatic fire extinguishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission component includes a second connecting rod and a mating rod. The second connecting rod is connected between the rotating component and the trigger plate, and the second connecting rod is hinged to the trigger plate. The mating rod includes a free end and a fixed end, the free end being hinged to the end of the second connecting rod away from the trigger plate; and / or, the free end being hinged to the end of the rotating member near the second connecting rod; The connecting rod is telescopic, and the free end is rotatable around the fixed end.

8. The automatic fire extinguishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mating rod includes a tube body, a piston rod, and a piston. The tube body includes a fixed end, the piston rod includes a free end, the piston is fixed to the piston rod, the piston is movably disposed within the tube body, and the piston divides the cavity within the tube body into a first inner cavity and a second inner cavity, and the first inner cavity and the second inner cavity are connected. The first inner cavity and the second inner cavity contain a damping medium.

9. A battery, characterized in that, include: The enclosure and multiple battery cells, wherein the multiple battery cells are disposed within the enclosure; The automatic fire extinguishing device is the automatic fire extinguishing device as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein at least a portion of the automatic fire extinguishing device is disposed within the housing; the transport pipeline includes a main pipeline and multiple branch pipelines, wherein the branch pipelines are connected to the main pipeline, and each branch pipeline is provided with the nozzle, wherein the number of branch pipelines is the same as the number of battery cells and they correspond one-to-one.

10. The battery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ratio of the distance between the trigger plate and the battery cell to the maximum outer diameter of the battery cell is 1% to 2%.

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