A casting apparatus and process

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of casting equipment related to the technical field of casting equipment, including body, with the sliding connection of body drive frame, with the sliding connection of drive frame pressure head and cavity, the pressure head four corners are provided with pressure compensation component, the pressure compensation component includes: edge angle pressure block, with the elastic sliding connection of pressure head.The application, with the way of edge angle pressure block and pressure head synchronous down pressure in front half compaction stroke, make the middle and edge angle of sand uniform stress, avoid edge angle sand lock because of early compression, ensure that sand always has good slip and filling space in compaction process, and solve the density inversion problem of traditional pre-pressing scheme that edge angle is too hard and middle is loose;In the second half compaction stroke, make edge angle pressure block gradually extend with pressure head down, and reach compaction limit with pressure head synchronously, realize progressive, no impact edge angle pressure compensation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of casting equipment technology, specifically to a casting equipment and its process. Background Technology

[0002] In the casting process, the outline of the casting must first be formed inside the molding sand to form a sand mold, and then the casting is poured into shape.

[0003] Existing sand molding equipment (such as compaction molding machines) mostly uses an integral pressure head to compact the molding sand, with the contact surface between the pressure head and the sand mold cavity being a plane. Under this structure, the compaction degree at the corners of the sand mold (i.e., the corners and edges of the cavity) is insufficient, usually 20% to 30% lower than that in the middle. This is because the pressure on the molding sand at the corners generates a component force, and part of the pressure is offset by the cavity wall, resulting in insufficient compaction in this area. Insufficient compaction at the corners of the sand mold will cause the sand mold at the corners to collapse during the pouring process, which will lead to defects such as flash and missing corners in the casting. Existing integral compaction structures cannot achieve targeted compaction of the corners and can only alleviate the problem by increasing the overall compaction pressure, but this method is prone to causing over-compression or even cracking of the sand mold in the middle.

[0004] To ensure sufficient compaction of the corner areas, a common improvement is to install independent corner blocks at the four corners of the pressure head, and to install hydraulic cylinders or lead screws (servo motors) between the pressure head and the corner blocks to achieve independent drive; however, this solution has the following drawbacks: (a) Problems with the multi-screw solution Multi-screw solutions require four or more independent pressure blocks at the corners, and each screw needs to be driven by an independent motor. To achieve the timing control of "corner pressure supplementation after overall compaction", multi-axis synchronous control is required, which increases the system complexity exponentially. At the same time, the screw solution must be equipped with position sensors or pressure sensors to achieve precise pressure supplementation depth control; otherwise, "overpressure" or "underpressure" problems are likely to occur. In addition, the cost of a single servo screw module is much higher than that of a mechanical limit structure, with a difference of up to tens of times. Four sets of servo systems, control systems and supporting sensors are required for the four corners, which significantly increases the equipment manufacturing cost.

[0005] In terms of adaptability to working conditions, the casting site is exposed to a lot of dust, vibration and high temperature environment. The precision thread pair of the lead screw, motor encoder and cable and other components are more sensitive to the harsh environment and have a high failure rate. At the same time, the lead screw needs to be lubricated and maintained regularly, while the molding machine has a fast working cycle (usually completes digital model per minute) and a short maintenance window.

[0006] (II) Problems with the Hydraulic Cylinder Solution Hydraulic cylinders, as another independent and controllable solution, also have limitations in this application scenario; the stroke required for corner pressure compensation is usually in the range of 0.5mm–3mm, and the pressure requirement is high; ordinary cylinders have poor position control accuracy under short stroke and high pressure, and are prone to excessive pressure compensation (leading to overly solid corners and peeling) or insufficient pressure compensation; if a hydraulic cylinder + proportional valve or servo electric cylinder is used, the cost and control complexity will increase significantly.

[0007] On the other hand, multi-channel hydraulic independent control requires complex valve groups, pipelines and hydraulic power sources, resulting in a large system size and high cost. More importantly, once the molding sand dust in the casting site enters the hydraulic system, it can easily cause valve core jamming, seal wear, and there is a risk of leakage and contamination of the molding sand.

[0008] Based on this, the present invention designs a casting equipment and process to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a casting equipment and process to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a casting equipment, comprising a machine body, a drive frame slidably connected to the machine body, a pressure head slidably connected to the drive frame, and a mold cavity, wherein each of the four corners of the pressure head is provided with a pressure-compensating component, the pressure-compensating component comprising: The corner pressure block is elastically and slidably connected to the pressure head; A pressure plate is placed at the top of the corner pressure block and is inclined. The driving component is slidably connected to the pressure head. When the driving component comes into contact with the pressure plate, it will contact the inclined surface of the pressure plate and press down. The transmission unit, located on the pressure head, is used to move the drive component toward the pressure plate when the pressure head has completed half of its total compaction stroke of the molding sand.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission unit includes a gear rotatably mounted on the pressure head, a drive disk is fixedly mounted on the gear, a push rod is eccentrically mounted on the drive disk, the bottom end of the push rod is rotatably connected to the drive component, a rack is spaced below the gear, and the rack is fixedly connected to the drive frame. When the gear descends to contact the rack, the two mesh.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the corner pressing block is slidably connected to a connecting piece, the connecting piece having at least one slot, the corner pressing block having a corresponding locking pin, the connecting piece being elastically slidably connected to a limiting piece, the limiting piece being elastically slidably connected to the pressing head in the horizontal direction, a contact member being fixedly provided on the side wall of the corner pressing block, the top of the contact member being wedge-shaped, a push piece being provided above the contact member, and the push piece being elastically slidably connected to the pressing head in the vertical direction; When the pusher descends to contact the top of the contact element, it will push the pusher and the corner pressure block away from the limiting piece.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a cleaning rod is provided below the pusher plate. After the pusher plate descends to the corner pressure block and moves away from the pressure head, the cleaning rod will clean the space between the two.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning rod includes a support rod, the support rod being elastically slidably connected to the pressure head, a cleaning cloth strip being fixedly provided at the bottom of the support rod, the cleaning cloth strip being elastic, and a pressure rod being elastically slidably connected below the support rod.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a limiting groove is provided at the bottom of both ends of the connecting piece, and a limiting rod is slidably connected inside the limiting groove, and both limiting rods are elastically slidably connected to the pressure head.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, one end of the pressure plate is rotatably connected to the corner pressure block, and an adjustment block is provided below the other end of the pressure plate. The adjustment block is slidably connected to the side wall of the corner pressure block, and a threaded rod is threadedly connected to the adjustment block. The bottom end of the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the corner pressure block.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a resisting rod is provided above the push plate, and the resisting rod is fixedly connected to the machine body.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention employs a method where the corner pressure blocks are flush with and synchronously pressed down on the pressure head during the first half of the compaction stroke. This ensures that the sand in the middle and corners is evenly stressed, preventing the corner sand from locking up due to premature pressure. This guarantees that the sand has good sliding and filling space throughout the compaction process and solves the density inversion problem of excessively hard corners and loose middle sections that often occurs in traditional pre-compression schemes. In the second half of the compaction stroke, the corner pressure blocks gradually extend as the pressure head descends and reach the compaction limit synchronously with the pressure head. This achieves progressive, non-impact corner reinforcement, which can specifically improve the compaction density of the corners of the cavity, preventing sand mold collapse and casting flash and missing corners during pouring. It also prevents sand mold cracking and delamination caused by instantaneous impact, resulting in a more uniform overall density of the sand mold. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first half of the total stroke of the pressure head descent in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the corner pressure block fully extended after the total stroke of the pressure head descends according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the transmission unit, the pressure head, and the drive frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the drive disc, gear, and rack of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the corner pressure block, the pressure head, and the transmission unit of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressure head of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the limiting piece, the connecting piece, and the corner pressing block of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the contact between the resisting rod and the push plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the connecting piece and the limiting piece before the resisting rod and the push piece make contact. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the distance between the connecting piece and the limiting piece after the pusher pushes the contact member to move according to the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher plate descending to its initial contact with the pressure rod according to the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher plate of the present invention pushing the corner pressure block away from the pressure head after it comes into contact with the contacting element; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning strip of the present invention deforming after the pressure bar descends to its limit; Figure 15 The diagrams are schematic diagrams of the fabric strip before and after deformation according to the present invention (wherein, (a) is a schematic diagram before deformation, and (b) is a schematic diagram after deformation). Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the locking pin, the locking slot, and the limiting slot of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the wedge block and the drive frame of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the wedge block and the driving component of the present invention.

[0020] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Machine body; 2. Drive frame; 3. Press head; 4. Cavity; 5. Edge and corner pressing block; 6. Compensating plate; 7. Drive component; 8. Gear; 9. Drive disc; 10. Push rod; 11. Rack and pinion; 12. Connecting piece; 1201. Slot; 1202. Pin; 1203. Spring 1; 13. Limiting piece; 1301. Spring 2; 14. Contact component; 15. Push piece; 1501. Spring 3; 16. Cleaning rod; 1601. Support rod; 1602. Cleaning cloth strip; 1603. Press rod; 1604. Spring 5; 1605. Spring 6; 17. Limiting groove; 18. Limiting rod; 1801. Spring 4; 19. Adjusting block; 20. Threaded rod; 21. Resistance rod; 22. Wedge block. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Please see Figures 1-18 The present invention provides a technical solution: Example 1: A casting equipment includes a body 1, a drive frame 2 slidably connected to the body 1, a pressure head 3 slidably connected to the drive frame 2, and a mold cavity 4. Each of the four corners of the pressure head 3 is provided with a pressure-reducing component. The pressure-reducing component includes a corner pressure block 5, a pressure-reducing plate 6, a drive component 7, and a transmission unit. The corner pressure block 5 is elastically slidably connected to the pressure head 3. The pressure-reducing plate 6 is located at the top of the corner pressure block 5 and is inclined. The drive component 7 is slidably connected to the pressure head 3. When the drive component 7 contacts the pressure-reducing plate 6, it contacts the inclined surface of the pressure-reducing plate 6 and presses down. The transmission unit is located on the pressure head 3 and is used to move the drive component 7 toward the pressure-reducing plate 6 when the pressure head 3 has compacted half of the total stroke of the molding sand.

[0022] One end of the pressure plate 6 is rotatably connected to the corner pressure block 5, and an adjustment block 19 is provided below the other end of the pressure plate 6. The adjustment block 19 is slidably connected to the side wall of the corner pressure block 5. The adjustment block 19 is threadedly connected to a threaded rod 20, and the bottom end of the threaded rod 20 is rotatably connected to the corner pressure block 5.

[0023] like Figures 1-5 As shown: During operation, the drive frame 2 slides down along the machine body 1, causing the pressure head 3 to move downwards. Once it reaches the designated position, the drive frame 2 stops descending and, through a hydraulic cylinder (a well-known fact in the prior art, not specifically described or marked in the diagram) positioned between it and the pressure head 3, lowers the pressure head 3, thus compacting the molding sand within the cavity 4 as a whole (e.g., ...). Figure 2 As shown, the surface height of the molding sand pre-laid inside the cavity 4 is the dashed line P, and the final compacted height is the dashed line P1); when the pressure head 3 completes the first half of the total compaction stroke (moving from P to P2), the pressure head 3 and the corner pressure blocks 5 at the four corners remain flush and move down synchronously to achieve the initial compaction of the molding sand as a whole, ensuring that the middle and corners of the molding sand are subjected to uniform force, and avoiding the corner molding sand from being locked up by pressure in advance; When the pressure head 3 descends to half its total stroke (i.e., when the bottom of the pressure head 3 moves from P2 to P1), the transmission unit is triggered and begins to operate, causing the drive component 7 to move towards the inclined pressure plate 6 and gradually contact its inclined surface. As the drive component 7 continues to descend, it gradually applies a downward force along the inclined surface of the pressure plate 6, pushing the corner pressure block 5 to gradually extend downwards relative to the pressure head 3. In the latter half of the compaction stroke, it progressively presses the molding sand at the corners of the cavity 4 until the pressure head 3 descends to position P1, completing the entire compaction stroke. At this point, the corner pressure block 5 protrudes relative to the bottom of the pressure head 3 as... Figure 3 The distance La shown enables the overall compaction and corner compaction to be carried out in a graded and orderly manner.

[0024] Overall, the pressure head first descends 0.5 strokes, and then the corner pressure block 5 is released in advance halfway. During the remaining 0.5 strokes, the pressure head 3 continues to compact the whole. At this time, the corner pressure block 5 follows the pressure head 3 down and gradually extends to provide additional pressure, thus ensuring that the sand is not compacted at the beginning and that there is still room for slippage and relaxation. If the corner pressing block 5 is pre-set to have a protruding bottom, the corner pressing block 5 will touch the sand first, causing the corner to be stressed first and the corner sand to be compressed first. The corner sand particles will be stuck and locked, and the middle sand cannot be squeezed through at all, resulting in a density inversion where the corners are hard and the middle is loose. If the corner pressing block 5 is extended after the pressing head 3 descends directly to P1, the sand mold will be pressed to near density, the sand particles will be stuck together and have difficulty sliding. Even if the corner is pushed down further, only a small amount can be pressed, and the flow will be limited, resulting in limited lifting of the corner.

[0025] When the threaded rod 20 is rotated, the adjusting block 19 moves up and down along the side wall of the corner pressure block 5, changing its support height on the pressure plate 6, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the pressure plate 6 (e.g., Figure 5 As shown, when the adjusting block 19 moves upward, the initial tilt angle of the pressure plate 6 can be changed from the dashed line r1 to the dashed line r2; the change in the tilt angle of the pressure plate 6 changes the force amplification factor and the pressure stroke when it contacts its inclined surface, thus making both adjustable.

[0026] By adjusting the tilt angle of the pressure plate 6, the force amplification ratio of the inclined plane mechanism can be changed, thereby adjusting the magnitude and extension of the corner pressure.

[0027] This invention employs a method where the corner pressure block 5 is flush with and synchronously presses down on the pressure head 3 during the first half of the compaction stroke. This ensures that the middle and corner parts of the molding sand are evenly stressed, preventing the corner molding sand from locking up due to premature pressure. This guarantees that the molding sand always has good sliding and filling space during the compaction process and solves the density inversion problem of excessively hard corners and loose middle parts that is common in traditional pre-compression schemes. During the second half of the compaction stroke, the corner pressure block 5 gradually extends as the pressure head 3 descends and reaches the compaction limit synchronously with the pressure head 3. This achieves progressive and impact-free corner reinforcement, which can specifically improve the compaction density of the corners of the cavity 4, preventing the sand mold from collapsing and the casting from having flash and missing corners. It also prevents the sand mold from cracking or delamination due to instantaneous impact, resulting in a more uniform overall density of the sand mold.

[0028] The extension action of the corner pressure block 5 of the pressure plate 6 is strictly linked with the downward stroke of the pressure head 3. The extension amount is linearly controllable with the compaction stroke, and the pressure depth is accurate and stable. This avoids both over-pressure damage to the sand mold and under-pressure resulting in insufficient corner strength. Compared with conventional fixed protrusions or simple two-stage actions, the compaction quality is more consistent.

[0029] After compaction and additional pressure are completed, the pressure head 3 and drive frame 2 rise, and then the corner pressure block 5 elastically resets. The conveying component on the machine body 1 then conveys the cavity 4, waiting for subsequent box closing and subsequent pouring.

[0030] The transmission unit includes a gear 8, which is rotatably mounted on the pressure head 3. A drive disk 9 is fixedly mounted on the gear 8. A push rod 10 is eccentrically mounted on the drive disk 9. The bottom end of the push rod 10 is rotatably connected to the drive component 7. A rack rod 11 is spaced below the gear 8. The rack rod 11 is fixedly connected to the drive frame 2. When the gear 8 descends to contact the rack rod 11, the two mesh.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown: In the initial stage of the downward movement of the pressure head 3, the gear 8 and the rack 11 are in a separated state, and the corner pressure block 5 moves down synchronously and level with the pressure head 3. When the pressure head 3 moves down to half of the total compaction stroke, the bottom of the pressure head 3 descends to the position of the dotted line P2. At this time, the gear 8 will descend to the position of Lb and mesh with the rack 11. The gear 8 moves down with the pressure head 3 until it meshes with the rack 11. The gear 8 rotates under the action of the rack 11, which in turn drives the coaxially set drive disk 9 to rotate. The push rod 10 eccentrically set on the drive disk 9 moves in a circular motion with the drive disk 9, pushing the drive component 7 to slide along the pressure head 3 towards the pressure plate 6 and gradually contact the inclined surface of the pressure plate 6, realizing the automatic triggering of the transmission unit at the predetermined stroke position, driving the corner pressure block 5 to gradually extend out for pressure compensation. The end of the drive component 7 is equipped with a roller to reduce friction. The fixed stroke of the drive component 7 is L1. The drive component 7 and the inclined surface of the pressure plate 6 are adjustable, which amplifies the driving force in a limited space and obtains a larger corner pressure with a smaller input.

[0032] The corner pressing block 5 is slidably connected to a connecting piece 12. The connecting piece 12 has at least one slot 1201. The corner pressing block 5 has a locking pin 1202 corresponding to the slot 1201. The connecting piece 12 is slidably connected to a limiting piece 13. A spring 1203 is fixed between the limiting piece 13 and the connecting piece 12. The limiting piece 13 is slidably connected to the pressing head 3 in the horizontal direction. A spring 2 1301 is fixed between the pressing head 3 and the limiting piece 13. A contact piece 14 is fixed on the side wall of the corner pressing block 5. The top of the contact piece 14 is wedge-shaped. A push piece 15 is provided above the contact piece 14. The push piece 15 is slidably connected to the pressing head 3 in the vertical direction. A spring 3 1501 is fixed between the pressing head 3 and the push piece 15. When the pusher 15 descends to contact the top of the contact member 14, it will push the pusher 15 and the corner pressure block 5 away from the limiting piece 13.

[0033] A resisting rod 21 is provided above the push plate 15, and the resisting rod 21 is fixedly connected to the body 1.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figures 6-13 as well as Figure 16 As shown: Figure 1 As shown, the drive frame 2 is not in its highest initial position, but rather in the state indicated by the distance L from the highest position during the descent of the drive frame 2.

[0035] Replacement and disassembly of corner clamping block 5: After compaction and additional pressure are completed, the drive frame 2 will rise to its highest position. During the rising process, the resisting rod 21 will contact the two push plates 15 (e.g., Figure 9 As shown in the diagram, during the ascent of the drive frame 2, the resisting rod 21 will press down on the push plate 15. During this process, the spring 3 1501 will be stretched. The height of the push plate 15 before it descends can be referenced. Figure 10 The dashed line P3 is in the middle, and the distance between the connecting piece 12 and the inner wall of the limiting piece 13 is L2; When the resistance lever 21 presses down on the push plate 15... Figure 11 As shown by the dashed line P4, the pusher 15 will contact the top of the contact member 14 and push the contact member 14 and the corner pressing block 5 to move a distance L0. During this process, the locking pin 1202 will pull the locking groove 1201 and the connecting piece 12 to slide along the limiting piece 13 by L0. At this time, the distance between the connecting piece 12 and the inner wall of the limiting piece will increase to L3 (L3=L2+L0). During this process, the spring 1203 will be forcibly stretched. At this time, the side of the corner pressing block 5, which was originally inside the limiting piece 13, will move to the outside of the limiting piece 13 (e.g., Figure 13As shown), the relative sliding between the slot 1201 and the pin 1202 is released, and the corner pressure block 5 can be disassembled and removed, such as replacing the corner pressure block 5 with different corners (arc-shaped, right-angled); After the corner pressure block 5 is disassembled, the connecting piece 12 will automatically reset to the inside of the limiting piece 13. However, when replacing it, simply pull the connecting piece 12 outward and then insert the locking pin 1202 into the slot 1201. During the next pressurization, the drive frame 2 will descend directly. When the push piece 15 disengages from the resisting rod 21, the spring 3 1501 and the spring 1 1203 will both reset, completing the automatic restriction of the corner pressure block 5.

[0036] It is worth noting that when the pressure plate 6 is pressed down by the driving component 7, the limiting piece 13 slides down along the pressure head 3 and compresses the second spring 1301. After the pressure is applied, the second spring 1301 drives the limiting piece 13 and the corner pressure block 5 to reset. The limiting piece 13 can only slide downwards in one direction, and its upward sliding is limited by... Figure 6 The figure shows a detachable plate (identified as A1 in the figure) for constraint.

[0037] Limiting grooves 17 are provided at the bottom of both ends of the connecting piece 12. Limiting rods 18 are slidably connected inside the limiting grooves 17. Both limiting rods 18 are slidably connected to the pressure head 3. A spring 1801 is fixed between the limiting rods 18 and the pressure head 3.

[0038] Locking of corner pressure block 5 during the pressure replenishment process: As shown in the figure Figure 16 As shown: The columnar body at the top of the initial limiting rod 18 ( Figure 9 (Identified as A2 in the middle) is inserted into the limiting groove 17 to restrict the sliding of the connecting piece 12 and keep it stationary; during the additional pressing, the corner pressure block 5 and the limiting piece 13 slide down. During this process, the limiting rod 18 is pressed down by the connecting piece 12 and slides down along the pressure head 3 and stretches the spring 1801, so that the connecting piece 12 can only slide down and avoids sliding inside the limiting piece 13 due to the reaction force of the molding sand.

[0039] When replacing the corner pressure block 5, the limiting rod 18 releases its locking mechanism on the connecting piece 12: When the resisting rod 21 presses down on the push plate 15, the push plate 15 descends from the dotted line P3 to before the dotted line P4 (i.e., at P30, the limit rod 18 and the connecting piece 12 are unlocked). The push plate 15 will simultaneously press down on the limit rod 18 until it disengages from the limit groove 17 at the top. When it descends to P4, the push plate 15 contacts the contact piece 14, which can push the corner pressure block 5 away from the stroke of L0. Then it can be directly disassembled and replaced.

[0040] After replacement, release the connecting piece 12. At this time, the contact piece 14 is blocked by the push piece 15 and cannot return to its original position until the next pressurization. When the resisting rod 21 disengages from the push piece 15, the push piece 15 will return to its original position and move upwards. Figure 11 When the height is 30 as shown, the corner pressure block 5 is reset, and then the top of the limit rod 18 is inserted into the limit groove 18 to lock again.

[0041] A cleaning rod 16 is provided below the push plate 15. After the push plate 15 descends to the corner pressure block 5 and moves away from the pressure head 3, the cleaning rod 16 will clean the space between the two.

[0042] The cleaning rod 16 includes a support rod 1601, which is slidably connected to the pressure head 3. A spring 1604 is fixed between the support rod 1601 and the pressure head 3. A cleaning cloth strip 1602 is fixed at the bottom of the support rod 1601. The cleaning cloth strip 1602 is elastic. A pressure rod 1603 is slidably connected below the support rod 1601. A spring 1605 is fixed between the pressure rod 1603 and the support rod 1601.

[0043] Cleaning of the contact area between the corner pressure block 5 and the pressure head 3: like Figures 10-12 as well as Figure 15 As shown, in Figure 10 and Figure 11 In the process, the bottom height of the cleaning strip 1602 is P7; when the height of the pusher 15 is P4, the bottom of the pusher 15 will initially contact the top of the support rod 1603, and when the height of the pusher 15 drops to P4, the bottom of the pusher 15 will initially contact the top of the support rod 1603. Figure 12 At point P5, the pressure rod 1603 is pressed down by the push plate 15. During this process, the support rod 1601 is pulled down synchronously by the spring 1605 (before this, the distance between the corner pressure block 5 and the pressure head 3 is L0). During this process, the support rod 1601 slides down along the pressure head 3 and stretches the spring 1604 until the bottom of the cleaning strip 1602 is as shown. Figure 12 As shown on page 8 of the document; When transitioning from P7 to P8, the cleaning strip 1602 passes between the corner pressing block 5 and the pressing head 3 and wipes and cleans the contact area between the two, thereby preventing the molding sand from getting stuck between them and causing restricted movement.

[0044] Automatic removal of molding sand adhering to cloth strip 1602: like Figure 12 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, when the pusher 15 drops to P5, it has not yet reached its descent limit, and the resistance lever 21 will continue to press the pusher 15 down until... Figure 14As shown on page P6, the support rod 1601 has descended to its limit, but the push plate 15 will continue to press down on the pressure rod 1603 and stretch the spring 1605. The cleaning strip 1602 is elastic; therefore, it will be stretched when transitioning from page P8 to page P9. Figure 15 In Figure (a), L4 is stretched to Figure 15 As shown in Figure (b), L5; however, since the cleaning strip 1602 has already completed the cleaning work, the bottom end changes from P8 to P9 through the elastic deformation of the cleaning strip 1602 itself. Therefore, when the cleaning strip 1602 is stretched, the stress of its own deformation can destroy the adhesion between the molding sand and its surface, thereby achieving the effect of automatic detachment and reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and replacement of the cleaning strip 1602.

[0045] Example 2: The transmission unit includes a wedge block 22, which is fixedly connected to the drive frame 2. The wedge block 22 is in contact with the drive component 7, and the drive component 7 is elastically slidably connected to the top of the pressure head 3 (achieved by a spring, which is common knowledge in the prior art, and the spring is specifically marked in the figure).

[0046] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, in this embodiment, during the upper half of the downward stroke of the pressure head 3, the end of the drive member 7 will not contact the wedge block 22. During the lower half of the stroke, the drive member 7 will contact the wedge block 22 and the inclined surface of the wedge block 22, thereby pushing the drive member 7 to move L1 stroke. When the lower half of the pressure head 3 has been completely completed, the drive member 7 has also completed the entire stroke with the wedge block 22. After the pressure is replenished, the spring fixed between the drive member 7 and the top of the pressure head 3 will drive the drive member 7 to reset.

[0047] Here, the only difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is the transmission unit; all other aspects are the same.

Claims

1. A casting apparatus, comprising a body (1), a drive frame (2) slidably connected to the body (1), a pressure head (3) slidably connected to the drive frame (2), and a mold cavity (4), characterized in that, Each of the four corners of the pressure head (3) is provided with a pressure-compensating component, the pressure-compensating component comprising: The corner pressure block (5) is elastically and slidably connected to the pressure head (3); The pressure plate (6) is set at the top of the corner pressure block (5) and is set at an angle; The driving component (7) is slidably connected to the pressure head (3). When the driving component (7) contacts the pressure plate (6), it will contact the inclined surface of the pressure plate (6) and press down. The transmission unit is mounted on the pressure head (3) and is used to move the drive unit (7) toward the pressure plate (6) when the pressure head (3) compacts the molding sand to half of its total stroke. The transmission unit includes a gear (8) rotatably mounted on a pressure head (3). A drive disk (9) is fixedly mounted on the gear (8). A push rod (10) is eccentrically mounted on the drive disk (9). The bottom end of the push rod (10) is rotatably connected to the drive component (7). A rack rod (11) is spaced apart below the gear (8). The rack rod (11) is fixedly connected to the drive frame (2). When the gear (8) descends to contact the rack rod (11), the two mesh. The corner pressing block (5) is slidably connected to a connecting piece (12), and the connecting piece (12) has at least one slot (1201). The corner pressing block (5) is provided with a locking pin (1202) corresponding to the slot (1201). The connecting piece (12) is elastically slidably connected to a limiting piece (13). The limiting piece (13) is elastically slidably connected to the pressing head (3) in the horizontal direction. A contact piece (14) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the corner pressing block (5). The top of the contact piece (14) is wedge-shaped. A push piece (15) is provided above the contact piece (14). The push piece (15) is elastically slidably connected to the pressing head (3) in the vertical direction. When the pusher (15) descends to contact the top of the contact (14), it will push the pusher (15) and the corner pressure block (5) away from the limiting piece (13).

2. The casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cleaning rod (16) is provided below the pusher (15). After the pusher (15) descends to the corner block (5) and moves away from the pressure head (3), the cleaning rod (16) will clean the space between the two.

3. The casting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning rod (16) includes a support rod (1601), which is elastically slidably connected to the pressure head (3). A cleaning cloth strip (1602) is fixed at the bottom of the support rod (1601), and the cleaning cloth strip (1602) is elastic. A pressure rod (1603) is elastically slidably connected below the support rod (1601).

4. The casting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of both ends of the connecting piece (12) is provided with a limiting groove (17), and a limiting rod (18) is slidably connected inside the limiting groove (17). Both limiting rods (18) are elastically slidably connected to the pressure head (3).

5. A casting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the pressure plate (6) is rotatably connected to the corner pressure block (5), and an adjustment block (19) is provided below the other end of the pressure plate (6). The adjustment block (19) is slidably connected to the side wall of the corner pressure block (5). The adjustment block (19) is threadedly connected to a threaded rod (20), and the bottom end of the threaded rod (20) is rotatably connected to the corner pressure block (5).

6. A casting equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A resisting rod (21) is provided above the push plate (15), and the resisting rod (21) is fixedly connected to the body (1).

7. A casting process applicable to the casting equipment described in claim 6, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: Step 1: Rotate the threaded rod (20) in advance to change the height of the adjusting block (19) to adjust the tilt angle of the pressure plate (6); Step 2: During the pressure replenishment, the drive frame (2) descends along the machine body (1), the resisting rod (21) disengages from the push plate (15), and the push plate (15) moves until it disengages from the contact piece (14). Then the connecting piece (12) drives the side wall of the corner pressure block (5) into the limit piece (13) to achieve locking. During this process, the pressure rod (1603) and the cleaning cloth strip (1602) are reset. Step 3: After the drive frame (2) descends to its limit, the pressure head (3) descends relative to the drive frame (2) to half of the total stroke for compacting the molding sand. Then, the rack rod (11) contacts the gear (8), and the rotation of the drive disc (9) causes the push rod (10) to push the drive component (7) to press down on the pressure plate (6). During this process, the corner pressure block (5) drives the connecting piece (12) and the limiting piece (13) to descend synchronously. Step 4: After the pressure is applied, the drive frame (2) rises until the resistance rod (21) contacts the push plate (15). After the push plate (15) descends to its limit, the cleaning rod (16) is cleaned and the pressure rod (1603) descends to its limit along the support rod (1601). Step 5: The compacted cavity (4) is transported to the next process to await box assembly and pouring.

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