A hot-pressing forming device and process method based on metal solid waste powder

Abstract

This invention discloses a hot-pressing molding device and process for metal solid waste powder, comprising a raw material mixing and feeding device, a belt scale, a vibrating screen, a heating device, a conveying device, and a hot-pressing briquetting machine. Compared with existing technologies, this device, through the coordination of the raw material mixing and feeding device, belt scale, vibrating screen, heating device, conveying device, and hot-pressing briquetting machine, can automatically realize the feeding, conveying, sintering heating, and extrusion molding of metal powder raw materials, thereby ultimately forming small iron blocks from the metal powder raw materials. This enables the processing of solid waste steel granules, iron oxide scale, and metal powder raw materials from steel enterprises. The hot-pressed briquetting process produces high-density, high-strength, and excellent thermal stability briquettes that do not pulverize, boil over, or generate dust in the furnace, exhibiting stable physicochemical properties and replacing 20%–35% of scrap steel usage in short-process steelmaking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal solid waste powder processing technology, and in particular to a hot pressing molding device and process method based on metal solid waste powder. Background Technology

[0002] In the iron and steel smelting industry, the efficient, stable, and low-consumption operation of core metallurgical equipment such as blast furnaces and converters has always been a key objective for technological upgrading. Traditional smelting raw materials mainly include sintered ore, pellets, and various types of scrap steel. However, these raw materials have certain limitations: sintered ore and pellets have relatively low density, occupying a large volume within the furnace and limiting the charge capacity per furnace; their irregular shapes and varying strengths easily lead to uneven permeability of the charge column within the furnace, increased airflow resistance, and problems such as pressure fluctuations or even charge suspension, affecting the smooth operation of the blast furnace. Simultaneously, these iron-containing raw materials require a lengthy indirect and direct reduction process within the blast furnace, consuming large amounts of coke and generating corresponding energy consumption and emissions.

[0003] In converter steelmaking, ordinary scrap steel used as a coolant or iron source, especially large or thin pieces, has problems such as low density, poor thermal conductivity, and uneven melting. This can easily lead to large temperature fluctuations in the furnace, prolonged melting cycle, increased energy consumption, and may affect metal yield and endpoint control due to high burn-off rate.

[0004] To address the shortcomings and deficiencies of traditional smelting raw materials mentioned above, a hot briquetting machine and process method using metal solid waste powder as raw material are designed. The products produced by this device and process can meet the diverse needs of blast furnaces and converters under different process conditions, thereby improving the applicability of raw materials and achieving the goal of cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a hot pressing molding device and process method based on metal solid waste powder.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder, comprising a raw material mixing and feeding device, a belt scale, a vibrating screen, a large-angle belt, a heating device, a transfer device, and a hot pressing block molding machine. The belt scale is located at the outlet end of the raw material mixing and feeding device, the feed end of the vibrating screen is located at the output end of the belt scale, the feed end of the heating device is located at the output end of the large-angle belt, and the transfer device is used to transfer the material at the output end of the heating device to the hot pressing block molding machine. The raw material mixing and feeding device consists of a silo and a feeding roller screen located at the outlet end of the silo.

[0007] According to the aforementioned hot pressing molding device for metal solid waste powder, the belt scale is arranged at a 20° inclination angle.

[0008] According to the aforementioned hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder, the heating device includes a temperature control furnace, a Siemens combustion controller connected to the temperature control furnace, and a bag filter dust collector.

[0009] According to the aforementioned hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder, the height of the feed end of the transfer device is lower than the height of the discharge end of the heating device, and the height of the discharge end of the transfer device is higher than the height of the feed end of the hot pressing block molding machine. The transfer device is used to connect the heating device and the hot pressing block molding machine.

[0010] According to the aforementioned hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder, the hot pressing block molding machine consists of a hopper and an extrusion molding assembly. The extrusion molding assembly includes an extrusion roller one and an extrusion roller two rotating in opposite directions, and a frequency conversion drive assembly for driving the extrusion roller one and the extrusion roller two to rotate.

[0011] The hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder further includes a Siemens control and protection system, a closed cooling tower, a high-pressure hydraulic station, and a high-pressure atomizer connected to the hot pressing molding machine.

[0012] According to the aforementioned hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder, the output end of the hot pressing block molding machine is provided with a chain plate conveyor. The chain plate conveyor consists of a machine body, a sprocket assembly mounted on the machine body, a drive device for driving the sprocket assembly to convey, and a conveying chain assembled on the sprocket assembly for conveying.

[0013] According to the aforementioned hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder, a finished product vibrating screen is connected to the output end of the chain conveyor, and a finished product bin is located at the output end of the finished product vibrating screen.

[0014] The aforementioned hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder also includes a control system.

[0015] A process method, specifically including the following steps: S1. Raw material ratio: Based on the chemical composition and physical performance indicators of the raw materials such as particle steel, steel slag powder, iron oxide powder, and dust removal ash, a scientific ratio calculation is performed. Each raw material is thoroughly mixed, dispersed, and fully integrated in the raw material workshop according to the ratio data to eliminate lumps and stratification and ensure consistent composition. Then, it is loaded into the hopper of the raw material mixing and feeding device by a loader. The raw materials in the hopper are discharged through the hopper opening onto the belt scale for conveying. S2. Precise feeding of belt scale: Based on the actual production conditions, the feeding amount of belt scale is finely adjusted in real time through the control system. After the raw material is filtered and screened twice by a vibrating screen, it is evenly distributed to the large-angle belt. S3. According to different raw material ratios, the control system transmits the required temperature target to the Siemens combustion controller. Based on the preset air-fuel ratio curve, the Siemens combustion controller adjusts the operating parameters of coke oven gas opening, combustion air opening, gas quick-cut valve, and combustion fan frequency. After adjustment, the coke oven gas is ejected through the burner gas channel, and combustion air is simultaneously blown in. They are fully mixed at the kiln head nozzle and ignited by the ignition device to form a high-temperature flame. The flame enters the temperature-controlled furnace and radiates and convects heat into the furnace. The high temperature of the flame is mainly concentrated in the firing zone, providing the high temperature required for material sintering. The heat flows with the flue gas to the tail of the temperature-controlled furnace, heating the preheating zone and drying zone in sequence. With the negative pressure operation inside the temperature-controlled furnace, the flue gas flows from the furnace head to the furnace tail, and the heat is gradually transferred to the moving raw materials. By adjusting the gas volume and air volume, the flame length and temperature are controlled to achieve precise zone heating of the temperature-controlled furnace. S4. The transfer device feeds the sintered and heated raw materials into the hot press block forming machine: The raw materials, after being roasted in a temperature-controlled furnace, are transported to the hopper of the hot press block forming machine through the transfer device. Under high temperature conditions, the control system controls the high-pressure hydraulic station according to the required pressure of the raw materials. When the pressure reaches the set pressure, the main oil cylinder applies huge pressure to the screw shaft. The frequency conversion drive component drives the extrusion roller one and extrusion roller two to rotate in opposite directions according to the speed set by the control system, to compact and extrude the softened raw materials, expel internal air and moisture, and make the material particles tightly combined to form a high-density block, namely non-reduced high-purity hot press block iron. While the raw materials are extruded to form non-reduced high-purity hot press block iron, the high-pressure atomizer sprays water into the mold through high pressure, ensuring that the hot press block is completely demolded and also cooling the mold. The closed cooling tower removes heat through the circulating cooling water in the cooling pipes at various points inside the hot press block forming machine, achieving precise temperature control. S5. Chain conveyor conveys finished materials: The chain conveyor transports the pressed finished non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron blocks to the finished product vibrating screen for screening. After screening, the non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron blocks enter the finished product warehouse. The chain conveyor drives the drive device according to the conveying speed set by the control system. The drive device drives the sprocket assembly to transport the non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron blocks produced by the hot-pressed block forming machine to the finished product warehouse.

[0016] The above-mentioned solution has the following beneficial effects: By incorporating a raw material mixing and feeding device, belt scale, vibrating screen, heating device, transfer device, and hot briquetting machine, this device, compared to existing technologies, can automatically realize the feeding, conveying, sintering heating, and extrusion molding of metal powder raw materials. This allows the metal powder raw materials to be ultimately formed into small iron blocks, enabling the processing of solid waste steel granules, iron oxide scale, and metal powder raw materials from steel enterprises. The finished hot briquettes produced by the hot pressing process are non-reduced high-purity hot briquettes (HBI). Hot briquettes produced using this hot pressing process possess high density, high strength, and excellent thermal stability. They exhibit no pulverization, no boiling over, low dust generation, and stable physicochemical properties, replacing 20%–35% of scrap steel usage in short-process steelmaking.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hot pressing molding device for metal solid waste powder according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the body of a hot pressing molding device for metal solid waste powder according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the overall structure of a chain conveyor based on a hot pressing molding device for metal solid waste powder according to the present invention. Figure 4 This invention relates to a hot pressing molding device for metal solid waste powder. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This invention relates to a hot pressing molding device for metal solid waste powder. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hopper structure of a hot pressing molding device for metal solid waste powder according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hot press block forming machine based on a hot pressing forming device for metal solid waste powder according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a process flow diagram of a process method based on a hot pressing molding device for metal solid waste powder according to the present invention.

[0019] Legend: 1. Raw material mixing and feeding device; 11. Silo; 12. Feeding roller screen; 2. Belt scale; 3. Vibrating screen; 41. Temperature control furnace; 42. Siemens combustion controller; 43. Bag dust collector; 5. Transfer device; 6. Hot press block forming machine; 61. Hopper; 62. Extrusion forming assembly; 621. Extrusion roller one; 622. Extrusion roller two; 623. Variable frequency drive assembly; 7. Chain conveyor; 71. Machine body; 72. Sprocket assembly; 73. Drive device; 74. Conveyor chain; 8. Large angle belt; 9. Siemens control and protection system; 10. Closed cooling tower; 13. Finished product vibrating screen; 14. Finished product silo; 15. High pressure atomizer; 16. High pressure hydraulic station. Detailed Implementation

[0020] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 8A hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder includes a raw material mixing and feeding device 1, a belt scale 2, a vibrating screen 3, a large-angle belt 8, a heating device, a transfer device 5, and a hot pressing block molding machine 6. The belt scale 2 is located at the outlet end of the raw material mixing and feeding device 1, the feed end of the vibrating screen 3 is located at the output end of the belt scale 2, the feed end of the heating device is located at the output end of the large-angle belt 8, and the transfer device 5 is used to transfer the material at the output end of the heating device to the hot pressing block molding machine 6.

[0024] After the metal powder raw materials are prepared, they are introduced into the hopper 11 of the raw material mixing and feeding device 1 by a loader and fed onto the belt scale 2 by the feeding roller screen 12. The feeding roller screen 12 is fed by vibration conveying. The belt scale 2 conveys a certain amount of raw materials to the vibrating screen 3. After the vibrating screen 3 filters and screens the raw materials for the second time, the materials are evenly distributed onto the steep-angle belt 8 for conveying. The steep-angle belt 8 conveys the raw materials to the heating device for sintering and heating. The sintered and heated raw materials are conveyed to the transfer device 5 through the outlet end of the heating device. The transfer device 5 is an intermediate transfer device. The intermediate transfer device feeds the sintered and heated raw materials to the hot press briquetting machine 6 for pressing. Finally, the raw materials are pressed into small iron blocks, namely non-reduced high-purity hot press briquetting iron (HBI). It should be noted that the inclination angle of the steep-angle belt 8 is 45 degrees or 60 degrees, and the inclination angle of the steep-angle belt 8 can be adjusted according to the actual production needs.

[0025] Furthermore, the raw material mixing and feeding device 1 consists of a hopper 11 and a feeding roller screen 12 located at the outlet end of the hopper 11.

[0026] Furthermore, the belt scale 2 is arranged at a 20° inclination angle.

[0027] The belt scale 2 mainly consists of a frame, a motor reducer, a conveyor belt, a load cell, a speed sensor, a weighing controller, a frequency converter, and a frequency converter control cabinet. The frame is a double-frame steel structure. The load cell, speed sensor, weighing controller, frequency converter, frequency converter control cabinet, and motor reducer are electrically connected. The load cell detects the weight of the raw material on the conveyor belt in real time, realizing the quantitative conveying of raw material to the vibrating screen 3. The speed of the motor reducer can be controlled and monitored by the frequency converter and speed sensor. The double-frame steel structure of the frame makes the support structure more stable and improves the stability of raw material conveying.

[0028] Furthermore, the heating device includes a temperature-controlled furnace 41, a Siemens combustion controller 42 connected to the temperature-controlled furnace 41, and a bag filter dust collector 43.

[0029] The temperature-controlled furnace 41 mainly consists of a support assembly for supporting the furnace and a power assembly for driving it. The support assembly mainly consists of a base supporting the furnace, a bearing housing, a gear housing, and a roller housing for supporting the power assembly. The power assembly mainly consists of a reducer, a low-speed coupling of the reducer, a high-speed coupling of the reducer, a drive gear, a motor coupling, bearings, rollers supporting the rotation of the furnace, and a driven gear located on the outer wall of the furnace for driving its rotation. The drive gear of the power assembly meshes with the driven gear on the outer wall of the furnace to drive it to rotate. The temperature control furnace 41 adopts a frequency conversion control system. The rotation speed of the temperature control furnace 41 is deeply interlocked with the speed of the belt scale 2, Siemens combustion controller 42, and hot press block forming machine 6. The speed is adjusted through the control system. The temperature control furnace 41 is filled with custom refractory materials. The brick shape fits the cylinder, and the mortar joints are uniform and the gaps are small, which reduces heat and air leakage and lowers heat loss. Different materials of bricks are customized for the feeding end, firing zone, cooling zone and transition zone to withstand erosion, high temperature and corrosion. The overall operation is more stable. When the raw materials are heated through the temperature control furnace 41, it can reduce ring formation and blockage in the kiln, reduce production failures and improve continuous operation capability. The temperature-controlled furnace 41 is also equipped with a feed hood and a discharge insulation hood at the feed end and discharge end to protect the feed end and discharge end.

[0030] Furthermore, the height of the feed end of the transfer device 5 is lower than the height of the discharge end of the heating device, and the height of the discharge end of the transfer device 5 is higher than the height of the feed end of the hot press block forming machine 6. The transfer device 5 is used to connect the heating device and the hot press block forming machine 6.

[0031] The transfer device 5 is an intermediate transfer device used to transfer the sintered and heated raw materials to the hot press block forming machine 6 for hot pressing.

[0032] Furthermore, the hot press block forming machine 6 is composed of a hopper 61 and an extrusion forming assembly 62. The extrusion forming assembly 62 includes an extrusion roller 621 and an extrusion roller 622 that rotate in opposite directions, and a frequency conversion drive assembly 623 for driving the extrusion roller 621 and the extrusion roller 622 to rotate. The discharge end of the hopper 61 is located above the extrusion roller 621 and the extrusion roller 622.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes a Siemens control and protection system 9, a closed cooling tower 10, a high-pressure hydraulic station 16, and a high-pressure atomizer 15 connected to the hot press molding machine 6.

[0034] After being roasted in the temperature-controlled furnace 41, the raw material is transported to the hopper 61 of the hot press briquetting machine 6 via the transfer device 5. Under high temperature conditions, the control system controls the high-pressure hydraulic station 16 according to the pressure required by the raw material. When the pressure reaches the set pressure, the main cylinder of the high-pressure hydraulic station 16 applies huge pressure to the screw shaft. The frequency conversion drive component 623 drives the extrusion roller 1 621 and extrusion roller 2 622 to rotate in opposite directions according to the speed set by the control system, compacting and extruding the softened raw material, expelling internal air and moisture, and making the material particles tightly combined to form a high-density block. While the raw material is being extruded to form a high-density block hot press, the high-pressure atomizer 15 sprays water onto the mold after atomizing it under high pressure. This ensures that the hot press is completely demolded and also cools the mold. The closed cooling tower 10 carries away heat through the circulating cooling water in the cooling pipes at various points inside the hot press briquetting machine 6, achieving precise temperature control, ensuring the normal operation of the hot press briquetting machine 6, avoiding high-temperature failures, and finally producing a non-reduced high-purity hot press briquetting iron (HBI) finished product.

[0035] Furthermore, the output end of the hot press block forming machine 6 is equipped with a chain plate conveyor 7, which is used to transport finished products. The chain plate conveyor 7 consists of a machine body 71, a sprocket assembly 72 mounted on the machine body 71, a drive device 73 for driving the sprocket assembly 72 to transmit, and a conveying chain 74 assembled on the sprocket assembly 72 for transmission.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes a finished product vibrating screen 13 connected to the output end of the chain conveyor 7, and a finished product bin 14 located at the output end of the finished product vibrating screen 13.

[0037] The non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron (HBI), compressed into small pieces, falls onto the conveyor chain 74 and is transported by the conveyor chain 74 to the finished product vibrating screen 13 for screening. After screening, the non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron (HBI) enters the finished product silo 14. The drive device 73 (it should be noted that the drive device 73 is a power source component such as an electric motor) is started to drive the sprocket assembly 72 for transmission. The sprocket assembly 72 consists of two sprockets. The drive sprocket is connected to the sprocket at the output end of the drive device 73 through a meshing chain, and the other is the driven sprocket. The conveyor chain 74 is installed on the outer wall of the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket and meshes with them for transmission. A tensioning device is also provided to tension the conveyor chain 74, which is convenient to use.

[0038] Furthermore, it also includes the control system.

[0039] The control system adopts the Siemens 1200 PLC programmable controller architecture. It collects core parameters such as equipment temperature, hydraulic pressure, feeding speed, holding time, and equipment current in real time through sensors. After processing by the PLC, it automatically adjusts the operating status of the hydraulic proportional valve, heating module, and conveyor motor to achieve closed-loop automatic control of the entire process, including feeding, heating, high-pressure pressing, constant pressure holding, and demolding. It can be linked and interlocked with the chain conveyor 7 and the feeding equipment to dynamically adjust the operating parameters according to the production conditions, accurately match the hot pressing process requirements, and ensure continuous, stable, and automated production.

[0040] A process method, specifically including the following steps: S1. Raw material ratio: Based on the chemical composition and physical performance indicators of the raw materials such as particle steel, steel slag powder, iron oxide powder and dust removal ash, the ratio is scientifically calculated. The raw materials are thoroughly mixed and dispersed in the raw material workshop according to the ratio data to eliminate agglomeration and stratification and ensure consistent composition. Then, the raw materials are loaded into the silo 11 of the raw material mixing and feeding device 1 by a loader. The raw materials in the silo 11 are discharged from the silo 11 opening onto the belt scale 2 for conveying. S2. Precise feeding of belt scale: According to the actual production conditions, the feeding amount of belt scale 2 is finely adjusted in real time through the control system. Then, the raw material is filtered and screened twice by vibrating screen 3 and evenly distributed to the large-angle belt 8. The uniform feeding and stable flow of the whole line are ensured according to the production needs, and the kiln temperature fluctuation caused by the fluctuation of material ratio is avoided, thus improving the calcination quality. S3. According to different raw material ratios, the control system transmits the required temperature target to the Siemens combustion controller 42. Based on the preset air-fuel ratio curve, the Siemens combustion controller 42 adjusts the operating parameters of the coke oven gas opening, combustion air opening, gas quick-cut valve, and combustion fan frequency. After adjustment, the coke oven gas is ejected through the gas channel of the Siemens combustion controller 42, while combustion air is simultaneously blown in. The mixture is fully combined at the kiln head nozzle and ignited by the ignition device, forming a high-temperature flame. The flame enters the temperature-controlled furnace 41 and propels the gas into the furnace. 1. Internal radiation and convection heat transfer: The high temperature of the flame is mainly concentrated in the firing (consolidation) zone, providing the high temperature required for material sintering. The heat flows with the flue gas to the tail of the temperature-controlled furnace 41, heating the preheating zone and drying zone in sequence. With the negative pressure operation inside the temperature-controlled furnace 41, the flue gas flows from the furnace head to the furnace tail of the temperature-controlled furnace 41, and the heat is gradually transferred to the moving hot-pressed raw material. By adjusting the gas volume and the air volume, the flame length and temperature are controlled to achieve precise heating of the temperature-controlled furnace 41 in different zones, ensuring the temperature stability of each stage of drying, preheating, firing, consolidation and cooling. S4. The transfer device 5 feeds the sintered and heated raw material into the hot press block forming machine 6: The raw material calcined by the temperature control furnace 41 is transported to the hopper 61 of the hot press block forming machine 6 through the transfer device 5. Under high temperature conditions, the control system controls the high pressure hydraulic station 16 according to the pressure required by the raw material. When the pressure reaches the set pressure, the main oil cylinder applies huge pressure to the screw shaft. The frequency conversion drive component 623 drives the extrusion roller 1 621 and extrusion roller 2 622 to rotate in opposite directions according to the speed set by the control system to compact and extrude the softened material, expel the internal air and moisture, and make the material particles tightly combined to form a high-density block, namely non-reduced high-purity hot press block iron (HBI). The high pressure atomizer 15 sprays water into the mold after atomizing it under high pressure, ensuring that the hot press block is completely demolded while also cooling the mold. The closed cooling tower 10 carries away the heat through the circulating cooling water in the cooling pipes at various points inside the hot press block forming machine 6, realizing precise temperature control, ensuring the normal operation of the hot press block forming machine 6, and avoiding high temperature failure. S5. Chain conveyor 7 conveys finished materials: Chain conveyor 7 drives drive device 73 according to the conveying speed set by the control system. Drive device 73 drives sprocket assembly 72 to convey non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron (HBI) produced by hot-pressed iron briquetting machine 6 to finished product warehouse 14.

[0041] Working Principle: After the metal powder raw material is prepared, it is poured into the hopper 11 of the raw material mixing and feeding device 1, and then fed onto the belt scale 2 through the feeding roller screen 12. The feeding roller screen 12 uses a vibrating conveyor to feed the raw material. The belt scale 2 conveys a fixed amount of raw material to the vibrating screen 3. After secondary filtration and screening of the raw material by the vibrating screen 3, the raw material is evenly distributed onto the steeply inclined belt 8. The steeply inclined belt 8 conveys the raw material to the heating device for sintering and heating. The sintered and heated raw material is conveyed to the transfer device 5 through the outlet end of the heating device. The transfer device 5 is an intermediate transfer device. The sintered and heated raw material is fed to the hot briquetting machine 6 for pressing. Finally, the raw material is pressed into small iron blocks, namely non-reduced high-purity hot briquette iron (HBI). The hot briquette produced by this hot pressing process has the characteristics of high density, high strength, and excellent thermal stability. It does not pulverize, boil over, or generate dust in the furnace. Its physical and chemical properties are stable, and it can replace 20%–35% of short-process steelmaking. The scrap steel consumption is sufficient, and the final produced small iron blocks can meet the production needs of blast furnaces and converters. When hot-pressed small iron blocks are used as raw materials for blast furnaces, the hot pressing process promotes the densification of the iron blocks, and their bulk density is significantly higher than that of traditional sintered ore or pellets. This characteristic can increase the amount of charge per unit volume of blast furnace, thereby improving smelting efficiency. In addition, the small iron blocks are uniform in size and have a smooth surface, which can reduce the airflow resistance in the furnace, make the gas distribution more uniform, promote the efficiency of gas-solid reaction, reduce pressure difference fluctuations, and reduce operational failures such as hanging materials. At the same time, the hot-pressed small iron blocks themselves are metallic iron, namely non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron (HBI), which can be directly melted under high temperature conditions without the need for a reduction process. Moreover, the iron oxide contained in the surface or internal material of the small iron blocks can be reduced in the reducing atmosphere of the blast furnace, thereby improving the yield, reducing the energy required for reduction in the blast furnace, and directly reducing the amount of coke used. With the improvement of permeability, the blast furnace operation is more stable, the gas utilization rate is improved, and the fuel ratio is further reduced. When using small iron blocks as raw material in a converter, the high density and compact structure of hot-pressed iron blocks result in better thermal conductivity at high temperatures, shortening melting time and accelerating the converter smelting pace. Their small size facilitates uniform distribution within the furnace, promoting full contact with molten iron and oxygen, reducing localized temperature fluctuations, and improving reaction efficiency. Compared to loose scrap steel, high-density small iron blocks absorb heat more evenly, avoiding the increased energy consumption caused by reheating with large scrap steel. Furthermore, their higher thermal conductivity requires less heat to melt, reducing fuel or electricity consumption. The burn loss rate is lower than ordinary scrap steel, reducing the risk of oxygenation and increasing metal yield. The small size and high density of the iron blocks also facilitate transportation and storage, reducing the number of furnace loadings and saving labor and time costs. Their small size and high density also allow for high-level raw material feeding in the converter, optimizing the process flow.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of using a hot pressing molding device for metal solid waste powder, specifically including the following steps: The device includes a raw material mixing and feeding device, a belt scale, a vibrating screen, a steep-angle belt, a heating device, a transfer device, and a hot-pressed block forming machine. The belt scale is located at the outlet end of the raw material mixing and feeding device, the feed end of the vibrating screen is located at the output end of the belt scale, the feed end of the heating device is located at the output end of the steep-angle belt, and the transfer device is used to transfer the material output from the heating device to the hot-pressed block forming machine. The raw material mixing and feeding device consists of a silo and a feeding roller screen located at the outlet end of the silo; the heating device includes a temperature control furnace, a Siemens combustion controller connected to the temperature control furnace, and a bag filter dust collector. The hot press block forming machine consists of a hopper and an extrusion forming assembly. The extrusion forming assembly includes two extrusion rollers that rotate in opposite directions, and a frequency conversion drive assembly for driving the first and second extrusion rollers to rotate. The output end of the hot press block forming machine is equipped with a chain conveyor. The chain conveyor consists of a machine body, a sprocket assembly mounted on the machine body, a drive device for driving the sprocket assembly to convey, and a conveyor chain mounted on the sprocket assembly for conveying. It also includes a Siemens control and protection system, a closed cooling tower, a high-pressure hydraulic station, and a high-pressure atomizer connected to the hot press forming machine; S1. Raw material ratio: Based on the chemical composition and physical performance indicators of the raw materials such as particle steel, steel slag powder, iron oxide powder, and dust removal ash, a scientific ratio calculation is performed. Each raw material is thoroughly mixed, dispersed, and fully integrated in the raw material workshop according to the ratio data to eliminate lumps and stratification and ensure consistent composition. Then, it is loaded into the hopper of the raw material mixing and feeding device by a loader. The raw materials in the hopper are discharged through the hopper opening onto the belt scale for conveying. S2. Precise feeding of belt scale: Based on the actual production conditions, the feeding amount of belt scale is finely adjusted in real time through the control system. After the raw material is filtered and screened twice by a vibrating screen, it is evenly distributed to the large-angle belt. S3. According to different raw material ratios, the control system transmits the required temperature target to the Siemens combustion controller. The Siemens combustion controller adjusts the coke oven gas opening, combustion air opening, gas quick-cut valve, and combustion fan frequency operating parameters based on the preset air-fuel ratio curve. After adjustment, the coke oven gas is sprayed out through the burner gas channel, and combustion air is blown in at the same time. They are fully mixed at the kiln head nozzle and ignited by the ignition device to form a high-temperature flame. The flame enters the temperature-controlled furnace and radiates and convects heat into the furnace. The high temperature of the flame is mainly concentrated in the firing zone, providing the high temperature required for material sintering. The heat flows with the flue gas to the tail of the temperature-controlled furnace, heating the preheating zone and drying zone in sequence. With the help of negative pressure operation inside the temperature-controlled furnace, the flue gas flows from the temperature-controlled furnace head to the temperature-controlled furnace tail, and the heat is gradually transferred to the moving raw materials. By adjusting the gas volume and the air volume, the flame length and temperature are controlled to achieve precise heating of the temperature-controlled furnace in different zones. S4. The transfer device feeds the sintered and heated raw materials into the hot press block forming machine: The raw materials, after being roasted in a temperature-controlled furnace, are transported to the hopper of the hot press block forming machine through the transfer device. Under high temperature conditions, the control system controls the high-pressure hydraulic station according to the required pressure of the raw materials. When the pressure reaches the set pressure, the main cylinder of the high-pressure hydraulic station applies huge pressure to the screw shaft. The frequency conversion drive component drives the extrusion roller one and extrusion roller two to rotate in opposite directions according to the speed set by the control system, to compact and extrude the softened raw materials, expel internal air and moisture, and make the material particles tightly combined to form a high-density block, namely non-reduced high-purity hot press block iron. While the raw materials are extruded to form non-reduced high-purity hot press block iron, the high-pressure atomizer sprays water into the mold through high pressure, ensuring that the hot press block is completely demolded and also cooling the mold. The closed cooling tower removes heat through the circulating cooling water in the cooling pipes at various points inside the hot press block forming machine, achieving precise temperature control. S5. Chain conveyor conveys finished materials: The chain conveyor transports the pressed finished non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron blocks to the finished product vibrating screen for screening. After screening, the non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron blocks enter the finished product warehouse. The chain conveyor drives the drive device according to the conveying speed set by the control system. The drive device drives the sprocket assembly to transport the non-reduced high-purity hot-pressed iron blocks produced by the hot-pressed block forming machine to the finished product warehouse.

2. The method of using the hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The belt scale is arranged at a 20° incline.

3. The method of using the hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the feed end of the transfer device is lower than the height of the discharge end of the heating device, and the height of the discharge end of the transfer device is higher than the height of the feed end of the hot press block forming machine. The transfer device is used to connect the heating device and the hot press block forming machine.

4. The method of using the hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a finished product vibrating screen connected to the output end of the chain conveyor, and a finished product bin located at the output end of the finished product vibrating screen.

5. The method of using the hot pressing molding device based on metal solid waste powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the control system.

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