A fully mechanized coal mining face spray dust falling device

Abstract

The present application relates to dust falling device technical field, specifically is a kind of fully mechanized working face spray dust falling device, the present application includes pressure stabilizing module, filter cartridge, center tube, venturi and spray head assembly.Pressure stabilizing module can automatically stabilize water inlet pressure fluctuation.Filter cartridge is equipped with annular filter screen and water-driven rotary switching mechanism, when filter screen is blocked, it is automatically rotated and linked to open backflushing hole, and the filtered clean water is used to backflush filter screen, to realize maintenance-free automatic cleaning.Center tube is provided with helical disturbance leaf and microporous gas injection cylinder, micro-nano bubbles are generated by high-speed rotating flow shear, and the wetting ability of pure water to hydrophobic coal dust is significantly improved.Spray head assembly includes porous impact plate and rotating conical disc, and three-stage impact atomization is carried out on gas-liquid flow to form wide fan-shaped mist curtain.The present application does not need chemical additives, can be stable atomization under water supply pressure amplitude fluctuation, automatic backflushing prevents blockage, has high dust falling efficiency for hydrophobic coal dust, and is suitable for fully mechanized working face in underground coal mine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the manufacture of special equipment for environmental protection, and particularly to the field of dust suppression devices, specifically a spray dust suppression device for fully mechanized mining faces. Background Technology

[0002] The fully mechanized longwall face is the main location for underground coal mining using integrated mechanization. The coal cutting machine generates a large amount of dust during the cutting process, which not only seriously endangers the health of workers but also reduces visibility and increases the risk of coal dust explosions. Spray dust suppression is the most common and direct dust control method in fully mechanized longwall faces. This involves placing nozzles at locations such as the rocker arm of the coal cutting machine and the top beam of the hydraulic support to atomize high-pressure water and capture suspended dust.

[0003] Existing dust suppression spray systems for fully mechanized mining faces typically include basic components such as water supply pipelines, filters, and nozzles. However, in practical applications, the following shortcomings still exist: 1. Mine water contains a large amount of suspended particulate matter (coal powder, rock powder, rust, etc.). Existing filters are mostly single-screen structures, which require manual disassembly and cleaning after clogging. This not only affects normal production, but also the frequent disassembly and assembly can easily lead to seal failure.

[0004] Second, the coal types mined in fully mechanized mining faces (especially anthracite and lean coal) have naturally hydrophobic surfaces. Pure water droplets are difficult to adhere effectively to coal dust after collision, and a large amount of respirable dust (particle size <10μm) escapes by bypassing the fog curtain. Existing technologies attempt to add chemical dust suppressants, but this has problems such as secondary pollution, high cost, and difficulty in proportion control. Furthermore, chemical agents may affect coal quality safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust suppression spray device for fully mechanized mining faces to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face includes: A voltage stabilizing module, one end of which is connected to a conduit, which is connected to an external water supply device; A filter cartridge is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure stabilizing module away from the conduit. A backwash hole is provided on the outer periphery of the filter cartridge at the end near the pressure stabilizing module. A switch assembly for controlling the opening size of the backwash hole is provided in the filter cartridge. A sewage discharge assembly is connected to the backwash hole. Two symmetrically arranged pins are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the filter cartridge. An installation assembly is provided between the two pins. A central tube, one end of which is fixedly inserted through the end of the filter cylinder and connected to the voltage stabilizing module, and the other end of which extends through the filter cylinder to the outside of the filter cylinder. Two sets of symmetrically arranged partition components are fixedly connected between the end of the central tube near the voltage stabilizing module and the inner wall of the filter cylinder, and the partition components are fixedly connected to the corresponding end faces of the filter cylinder. A rotatable filter assembly is slidably mounted on the periphery of the central tube. The filter assembly is connected to the partition components and has a squeezing sliding contact with the switch assembly. A positioning device is mounted on the periphery of the central tube. The drive assembly in the filter cartridge works in conjunction with the filter assembly; multiple oblique water outlet holes are evenly distributed around the periphery of the central tube at the ends of the filter assembly and the filter cartridge, and between the two sets of separating assemblies; multiple circumferentially arrayed confluence holes are distributed around the periphery of the central tube at the end of the filter cartridge away from the pressure stabilizing module; a Venturi tube is fixedly connected to the end of the central tube outside the filter cartridge; a baffle is provided in the central tube, the baffle is located on the side of the oblique water outlet holes away from the pressure stabilizing module; and a gas-liquid mixing assembly is provided in the central tube at the position outside the filter cartridge. And the nozzle assembly, which is detachably and fixedly installed at the end of the venturi tube away from the central tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the separating component includes a separating baffle fixedly connected to the periphery of the central tube, the side of the separating baffle away from the central tube being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder, and the end of the separating baffle away from the filter component being fixedly connected to the end of the filter cylinder at the corresponding position. The partition baffle has a groove at one end near the filter assembly. An extension plate is slidably installed in the groove. The two sides of the extension plate are slidably connected to the outer periphery of the central tube and the inner wall of the filter cylinder, respectively. A spring is fixedly connected between the end of the extension plate in the groove and the inner end face of the groove. The extension plate is fixedly connected to the filter assembly at one end located outside the chute.

[0008] Furthermore, the filter assembly includes a rotatable mounting sleeve that is slidably mounted around the periphery of the central tube. An annular filter screen is fixedly mounted around the periphery of the mounting sleeve. The periphery of the annular filter screen is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the filter cylinder. The annular filter screen and the mounting sleeve are in sliding contact with the end face of the extension plate away from the partition baffle. The mounting sleeve has a T-shaped annular groove on its side near the extension plate. Two rollers are slidably installed in the T-shaped annular groove. The end face of the rollers is rotatably connected to a connecting post. The ends of the two connecting posts away from the rollers are fixedly connected to the end faces of the two extension plates, respectively. The mounting sleeve is fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially arrayed docking rods on the side away from the extension plate, and the docking rods are provided with docking teeth at the end away from the mounting sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a mounting ring rotatably mounted around the periphery of the central tube. Multiple turbine blades arranged in a circumferential array are fixedly mounted around the periphery of the mounting ring. The side of the mounting ring near the mounting sleeve is provided with meshing teeth that cooperate with the mating teeth.

[0010] Furthermore, the switch assembly includes an arc-shaped baffle that is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the filter cylinder. The arc-shaped baffle is aligned with the backwash hole. A linkage block is fixedly connected to the end of the arc-shaped baffle away from the annular filter screen. An elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected between the linkage block and the end face of the filter cylinder. The end of the arc-shaped baffle near the annular filter screen is in a squeezing sliding connection with the side of the annular filter screen.

[0011] Furthermore, the sewage discharge assembly includes a sewage discharge pipe connected to the backwash hole, the sewage discharge pipe is provided with a one-way valve that allows water to exit, and a second conduit is fixedly connected to the end of the sewage discharge pipe away from the filter cartridge, the second conduit being connected to the sewage discharge system.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas-liquid mixing assembly includes an air pump, a spiral agitator, and an air injection cylinder coaxially arranged in the central tube. A limit rod is provided between the periphery of the air injection cylinder and the inner wall of the central tube to achieve a fixed coaxial arrangement. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the periphery of the air injection cylinder, and the end of the air inlet pipe away from the air injection cylinder passes through the central tube to the outside of the central tube. The outer periphery of the air injection cylinder is provided with multiple V-shaped grooves, and the bottom of the V-shaped grooves is provided with multiple evenly arranged air outlets. The air outlets are connected to the interior of the air injection cylinder. The V-shaped grooves are arranged parallel to the air injection cylinder, and the multiple V-shaped grooves are circumferentially arrayed about the axis of the air injection cylinder. The spiral disturbance blade is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the central tube, and the spiral disturbance blade surrounds the air injection cylinder; The air pump is fixedly installed on the filter cartridge, and an air guide pipe is connected between the air pump's outlet end and the air inlet pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the nozzle assembly includes a nozzle that is detachably and fixedly installed at the end of a venturi tube. A porous impact plate is fixedly installed in the nozzle. A coaxial mounting shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the porous impact plate away from the venturi tube. A mounting column is rotatably connected to the end of the mounting shaft away from the porous impact plate. A plurality of circumferentially arrayed turbine blades are fixedly installed around the periphery of the mounting column. A conical disk is fixedly installed at the end of the mounting column away from the mounting shaft. A plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed atomizing blocks are arranged at the outer edge of the conical disk.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure stabilizing module includes a pressure stabilizing cylinder, one end of which is provided with a water inlet, the water inlet being connected to the first conduit, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the filter cylinder; The pressure stabilizing cylinder contains a coaxial hollow column. Multiple connecting rods are fixedly connected between the hollow column and the inner wall of the pressure stabilizing cylinder. A sliding plate is slidably installed in the hollow column. A sliding rod is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding plate away from the filter cylinder. A pressure stabilizing piston is fixedly installed after the sliding rod slides through the end face of the hollow column. The outer periphery of the pressure stabilizing piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure stabilizing cylinder. Multiple circumferentially arrayed water passage grooves are opened on the outer periphery of the pressure stabilizing piston. A spring is fixedly connected between the slide and the inner end face of the hollow column.

[0015] Furthermore, the mounting assembly includes mounting bases, with each of the two pins rotatably connected to the mounting base at the end furthest from the filter cartridge, and a base fixedly connected between the ends of the two mounting bases furthest from the pins, the side of which is provided with an ear plate with mounting holes. A motor for driving a pin shaft at a corresponding position is fixedly mounted on the outer side of one of the mounting bases.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. In the gas-liquid mixing component of the present invention, the spiral disturbance blade and the microporous air injection cylinder generate micron- and nano-level dual-stage bubble clusters, which significantly reduce the surface tension of water. When the bubbles burst, they release micro-jet streams and shock waves, thereby improving the wetting ability of pure water on hydrophobic coal dust, without secondary pollution or altering the coal quality.

[0017] 2. This invention achieves fully automated mechanical backwashing through the cooperation of annular filter screen, mounting sleeve, turbine blade, mounting ring, and mating teeth and meshing teeth. This includes "self-identification of blockages, automatic rotation, linkage opening of backwash holes, automatic wastewater discharge, and automatic reset after cleaning." It requires no external power supply or manual disassembly and cleaning, and can operate continuously underground, significantly reducing maintenance downtime.

[0018] 3. After acceleration by the Venturi tube, the gas-liquid flow sequentially passes through the porous impact plate, turbine blades, conical disk, and atomizing block, forming a three-stage atomization and rotating impact structure. The fog curtain covers the area in a 360° circumferential fan shape, eliminating the spray blind zone; the rotating conical disk causes the droplets to collide with the dust in a forced swirling motion, prolonging the gas-solid contact time and significantly improving the collection efficiency of respirable dust. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1A three-dimensional diagram from another angle; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter cartridge and the central tube in this invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the hollow column and the sliding rod in this invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram from another angle; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of section G in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section D; Figure 9 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section C; Figure 10 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section E in the middle; Figure 11 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B; Figure 12 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the partition and the central tube; Figure 13 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section F in the middle; The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1-Pressure stabilizing cylinder, 2-Inlet, 3-Conduit 1, 4-Filter cylinder, 5-Center pipe, 6-Venturi tube, 7-Nozzle assembly, 8-Pin, 9-Mounting base, 10-Base, 11-Ear plate, 12-Drain pipe, 13-Conduit 2, 14-Motor, 15-Angled outlet, 16-Annular filter screen, 17-Mounting sleeve, 18-Turbine blade 1, 19-Mounting ring, 20-Air pump, 21-Air inlet pipe, 22-Air guide pipe, 23-Spiral turbulence blade, 24-Air injection cylinder, 25-Manifold, 26-Nozzle, 27-Baffle plate, 28-Pressure stabilizing piston, 29-Water passage. 30-Hollow column, 31-Connecting rod, 32-Slide rod, 33-Spring 1, 34-Slide plate, 35-Divider baffle, 36-Slide groove, 37-Spring 2, 38-Extension plate, 39-T-shaped annular groove, 40-Connecting column, 41-Roller, 42-Arc baffle, 43-Linkage block, 44-Elastic telescopic rod, 45-Backwash hole, 46-Connecting rod, 47-Connecting tooth, 48-Mocking tooth, 49-V-shaped groove, 50-Air outlet, 51-Porous impact plate, 52-Mounting shaft, 53-Mounting column, 54-Turbine blade 2, 55-Conical disc, 56-Atomizing block. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-3 and Figure 12 In this embodiment of the invention, a dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face includes: The pressure stabilizing module has a conduit 3 connected to one end, which is connected to an external water supply device. The filter cartridge 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure stabilizing module away from the conduit 3. A backwash hole 45 is provided on the outer periphery of the filter cartridge 4 at the end near the pressure stabilizing module. A switch assembly for controlling the opening size of the backwash hole 45 is provided in the filter cartridge 4. A sewage discharge assembly is connected to the backwash hole 45. Two symmetrically arranged pins 8 are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the filter cartridge 4. An installation assembly is provided between the two pins 8. A central tube 5 has one end fixedly passing through the end of the filter cylinder 4 and connecting to the voltage stabilizing module. The other end of the central tube 5 passes through the filter cylinder 4 to the outside of the filter cylinder 4. Two sets of symmetrically arranged partition components are fixedly connected between the end of the central tube 5 near the voltage stabilizing module and the inner wall of the filter cylinder 4, and the partition components are fixedly connected to the corresponding end faces of the filter cylinder 4. A rotatable filter component is slidably mounted on the outer periphery of the central tube 5. The filter component and the partition components are connected by a transmission, and the filter component and the switch component are in a squeezing sliding contact. A drive mechanism located in the filter cylinder 4 is installed on the outer periphery of the central tube 5. The driving component and the filter component work together; multiple oblique water outlet holes 15 are evenly opened on the periphery of the central tube 5 at the ends of the filter component and the filter cylinder 4 and between the two sets of partition components; multiple circumferentially arrayed confluence holes 25 are opened on the periphery of the central tube 5 at the end of the filter cylinder 4 away from the pressure stabilizing module; a venturi tube 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the central tube 5 outside the filter cylinder 4; a baffle 27 is provided in the central tube 5, the baffle 27 is located on the side of the oblique water outlet holes 15 away from the pressure stabilizing module; a gas-liquid mixing component is provided in the central tube 5 at the position outside the filter cylinder 4; And the nozzle assembly 7, which is detachably and fixedly installed at the end of the venturi tube 6 away from the center tube 5.

[0022] The device is fixed to a preset position on the longwall mining face (such as the rocker arm of a coal mining machine or the top beam of a hydraulic support) via an installation component. The conduit 3 is connected to an external water supply device, and the sewage discharge component is connected to the underground sewage discharge pipeline. High-pressure water enters the pressure stabilizing module through conduit 3, and then enters the central pipe 5. Due to the sealing effect of the baffle 27, the water cannot flow directly along the axial direction of the central pipe 5, but instead flows radially through multiple oblique water outlets 15, entering the cavity between the central pipe 5 and the filter cylinder 4, and is sprayed onto the filter assembly. After being purified by the filter assembly, the water re-enters the central pipe 5 through the manifold 25, then flows through the gas-liquid mixing component to mix with compressed air to form a gas-liquid two-phase flow, then enters the venturi tube 6 for acceleration, and finally is atomized and sprayed out in the nozzle assembly 7.

[0023] Water is forced to flow radially through the filter assembly via baffle 27, ensuring all water is effectively filtered and preventing unfiltered water from directly entering the downstream and clogging the nozzles. Simultaneously, the filter assembly remains stationary during normal operation, with the backwash hole 45 sealed by the switch assembly, reducing ineffective drainage and conserving water resources. The overall structure integrates pressure stabilization, filtration, gas-liquid mixing, and atomization into a single unit.

[0024] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 3 , Figures 6-9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 Based on Embodiment 1, the separating component includes a separating baffle 35 fixedly connected to the periphery of the central tube 5. The side of the separating baffle 35 away from the central tube 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder 4, and the end of the separating baffle 35 away from the filter component is fixedly connected to the end of the filter cylinder 4 at the corresponding position. A groove 36 is provided at one end of the partition baffle 35 near the filter assembly. An extension plate 38 is slidably installed in the groove 36. The two sides of the extension plate 38 are slidably connected to the outer periphery of the central tube 5 and the inner wall of the filter cylinder 4, respectively. A spring 37 is fixedly connected between one end of the extension plate 38 in the groove 36 and the inner end face of the groove 36. The extension plate 38 is fixedly connected to the filter assembly at one end located outside the chute 36.

[0025] The filter assembly includes a mounting sleeve 17 that is rotatably and slidably mounted on the periphery of the central tube 5. An annular filter screen 16 is fixedly mounted on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 17. The periphery of the annular filter screen 16 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the filter cylinder 4. The annular filter screen 16 and the mounting sleeve 17 are in sliding contact with the end face of the extension plate 38 away from the partition baffle 35. The mounting sleeve 17 has a T-shaped annular groove 39 on the side near the extension plate 38. Two rollers 41 are slidably installed in the T-shaped annular groove 39. The end face of the rollers 41 is rotatably connected to the connecting post 40. The ends of the two connecting posts 40 away from the rollers 41 are fixedly connected to the end faces of the two extension plates 38 respectively. A plurality of circumferentially arrayed docking rods 46 are fixedly connected to the side of the mounting sleeve 17 away from the extension plate 38, and the end of the docking rod 46 away from the mounting sleeve 17 is provided with docking teeth 47.

[0026] The drive assembly includes a mounting ring 19 rotatably mounted on the periphery of the central tube 5. Multiple turbine blades 18 arranged in a circumferential array are fixedly mounted on the periphery of the mounting ring 19. The side of the mounting ring 19 near the mounting sleeve 17 is provided with a meshing tooth 48 that mates with the mating tooth 47.

[0027] An annular filter screen 16 is fitted onto a mounting sleeve 17. The mounting sleeve 17 is slidably connected to the extension plate 38 via a roller 41 and a connecting post 40 within a T-shaped annular groove 39, and the mounting sleeve 17 can slide axially along the central tube 5. The turbine blade 18 in the drive assembly is continuously rotated by the impact of the water flow, driving the mounting ring 19 and the meshing teeth 48 to rotate.

[0028] As impurities accumulate on the surface of the annular filter screen 16, the resistance to water flow through it increases. The water pressure exerts a backward thrust on the mounting sleeve 17, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 37, causing the mounting sleeve 17, along with the annular filter screen 16, to slide axially towards the mounting ring 19. When the sliding reaches the engagement of the mating teeth 47 and the meshing teeth 48, the rotational power of the mounting ring 19 is transmitted to the mounting sleeve 17, causing the annular filter screen 16 to rotate slowly around the axis of the central tube 5.

[0029] At the same time, as the mounting sleeve 17 slides, the extension plate 38 connected to it is pulled out from the groove 36 of the partition baffle 35, and always maintains sliding contact with the end face of the annular filter screen 16, ensuring that the water flow can only pass through the upper half (inlet side) of the annular filter screen 16, and will not short-circuit to the lower half.

[0030] In this embodiment, the turbine blade 18 is driven by the kinetic energy of water, enabling the automatic rotation of the annular filter screen 16 without an external power supply, thus meeting the requirements for explosion-proof operation in underground mines. The mechanism of resistance-induced rotation enables on-demand self-cleaning, activating rotation and flushing only when the filter screen becomes clogged. The dynamic seal between the extension plate 38 and the annular filter screen 16 ensures filtration effectiveness, preventing unfiltered water from swirling around the filter screen and solving the problem of traditional filters requiring manual shutdown and cleaning, thus reducing maintenance workload.

[0031] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9 Based on embodiment 2, the switch assembly includes an arc-shaped baffle 42 that is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the filter cylinder 4. The arc-shaped baffle 42 is aligned with the backwash hole 45. A linkage block 43 is fixedly connected to the end of the arc-shaped baffle 42 away from the annular filter screen 16. An elastic telescopic rod 44 is fixedly connected between the linkage block 43 and the end face of the filter cylinder 4. The end of the arc-shaped baffle 42 near the annular filter screen 16 is in a squeezing sliding connection with the side of the annular filter screen 16.

[0032] The sewage discharge assembly includes a sewage discharge pipe 12 connected to the backwash hole 45. The sewage discharge pipe 12 is equipped with a one-way valve that allows water to exit. The end of the sewage discharge pipe 12 away from the filter cartridge 4 is fixedly connected to a second conduit 13, which is connected to the sewage discharge system.

[0033] This embodiment adds a switch assembly to the existing embodiment 2. The arc-shaped baffle 42 is aligned with the backwash hole 45, with one end in a sliding contact with the side of the annular filter screen 16, and the other end connected to the elastic telescopic rod 44 via the linkage block 43. The elastic telescopic rod 44 is always under pressure, keeping the arc-shaped baffle 42 tightly against the annular filter screen 16. When the annular filter screen 16 slides away from the elastic telescopic rod 44 (i.e., towards the mounting ring 19) due to blockage, the arc-shaped baffle 42 moves accordingly under the thrust of the elastic telescopic rod 44, gradually opening the backwash hole 45. The greater the sliding distance of the annular filter screen 16, the larger the opening of the backwash hole 45. At this time, the filtered clean water (located downstream of the annular filter screen 16) in the filter cylinder 4 will flow backward through the lower half of the rotating annular filter screen 16, flushing away the impurities attached to the filter screen surface. The wastewater containing impurities flows into the drain pipe 12 through the backwash hole 45, and then into the sewage system through the second conduit 13. A one-way valve prevents wastewater backflow. When the impurities on the surface of the annular filter screen 16 are removed, the water flow resistance decreases, the spring 2 37 pushes the mounting sleeve 17 and the annular filter screen 16 to reset, the arc-shaped baffle 42 is reset synchronously under the action of the elastic telescopic rod 44, and the backwash hole 45 is closed again or only a small gap is left.

[0034] This embodiment links the backwash hole opening with the degree of filter clogging; the more severe the clogging, the larger the backwash opening and the stronger the flushing force. It automatically closes after cleaning to prevent excessive drainage. This purely mechanical linkage structure responds quickly, requires no sensors or controllers, and uses filtered clean water for backwashing, resulting in a better flushing effect than using raw water. Together with Embodiment 2, it forms a complete closed loop of "automatic clogging identification—automatic rotation—automatic backwashing—automatic reset," enabling the device to operate continuously for extended periods without manual intervention.

[0035] Example 4: Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 10 Based on Example 1, the gas-liquid mixing assembly includes a gas pump 20, a spiral turbulence blade 23, and an air injection cylinder 24 coaxially arranged in the central tube 5. A limit rod is provided between the outer periphery of the air injection cylinder 24 and the inner wall of the central tube 5 to achieve a fixed coaxial arrangement. An air inlet pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the air injection cylinder 24. The end of the air inlet pipe 21 away from the air injection cylinder 24 passes through the central tube 5 to the outside of the central tube 5. The outer periphery of the air injection cylinder 24 is provided with multiple V-shaped grooves 49, and the bottom of the V-shaped grooves 49 is provided with multiple evenly arranged air outlets 50. The air outlets 50 are in communication with the interior of the air injection cylinder 24. The V-shaped grooves 49 are arranged parallel to the air injection cylinder 24, and the multiple V-shaped grooves 49 are circumferentially arrayed about the axis of the air injection cylinder 24. The spiral disturbance blade 23 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the central tube 5, and the spiral disturbance blade 23 surrounds the air injection cylinder 24; The air pump 20 is fixedly installed on the filter cartridge 4, and an air guide pipe 22 is connected between the air outlet end of the air pump 20 and the air inlet pipe 21.

[0036] Filtered water flows in the central tube 5 and enters the gas-liquid mixing zone after passing through the manifold 25. In this embodiment, the air pump 20 provides compressed air, which is sent into the air injection cylinder 24 via the air guide pipe 22 and the air inlet pipe 21. The air injection cylinder 24 is coaxially fixed inside the central tube 5, and its periphery is provided with multiple V-shaped grooves 49, with air outlets 50 densely distributed at the bottom of the grooves. At the same time, a spiral disturbance blade 23 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the central tube 5, which surrounds the air injection cylinder 24. When the water flows through the spiral disturbance blade 23, it is forced to generate a strong swirling motion; the compressed air is sprayed into the swirling water in the form of a tiny jet from the air outlets 50. Due to the guiding effect of the V-shaped grooves 49 and the micropore size of the air outlets 50, the gas is sheared and torn into a large number of micron-sized bubbles by the high-speed rotating water flow. Furthermore, the interaction between the gas sprayed from the air outlets 50 and the swirling water will also generate nano-sized bubbles, forming a micro-nano bilevel bubble cluster. These bubbles are evenly distributed in the water, which significantly reduces the surface tension of the water. At the same time, the microjet and shock wave released when the bubbles burst can enhance the collision energy between the droplets and the coal dust.

[0037] This embodiment improves the wetting ability of water on hydrophobic coal dust by combining the spiral disturbance blade 23 and the microporous air injection cylinder 24 without adding any chemical surfactants. The presence of micro- and nano-bubbles makes it easier for droplets to adhere and aggregate when they come into contact with coal dust. At the same time, the micro-jet generated by the bursting of bubbles helps to further break up large dust particles and increase the capture probability.

[0038] Example 5: Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 13 Based on Embodiment 1, the nozzle assembly 7 includes a nozzle 26 that is detachably and fixedly installed at the end of the venturi tube 6. A porous impact plate 51 is fixedly installed in the nozzle 26. A coaxial mounting shaft 52 is fixedly connected to the end of the porous impact plate 51 away from the venturi tube 6. A mounting post 53 is rotatably connected to the end of the mounting shaft 52 away from the porous impact plate 51. A plurality of circumferentially arrayed turbine blades 54 are fixedly installed around the periphery of the mounting post 53. A conical disk 55 is fixedly installed at the end of the mounting post 53 away from the mounting shaft 52. A plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed atomizing blocks 56 are arranged at the outer edge of the conical disk 55.

[0039] A gas-liquid mixture containing micro- and nano-bubbles enters the Venturi tube 6 from the central tube 5. The constriction section of the Venturi tube 6 causes a dramatic increase in velocity and a decrease in pressure, which is then restored in the diffusion section. This process further refines and evenly distributes the bubbles. The accelerated gas-liquid flow enters the nozzle 26, first impacting the porous impact plate 51, where it is initially cut into fine droplets. The droplets then impact the turbine blades 54, driving the mounting column 53 and the conical disk 55 to rotate at high speed. Finally, the droplets impact the atomizing block 56 on the outer edge of the rotating conical disk 55, where they are further torn apart and ejected in a fan shape. The porous impact plate 51, the rotating turbine blades 54, and the conical disk 55 constitute a three-stage atomization structure: first-stage impact breaking, second-stage rotational shearing, and third-stage centrifugal ejection. During this process, the micro- and nano-bubbles rupture due to violent disturbance, releasing energy that further refines the droplets and enhances their velocity, while significantly expanding the fog coverage area.

[0040] This embodiment utilizes the acceleration effect of the Venturi tube 6 and its multi-stage impact structure to achieve highly efficient atomization without external power, resulting in uniform droplet size and high velocity. The rotating conical disk 55 distributes the fog curtain in a 360° circumferential direction, eliminating the blind spots of traditional direct-fire nozzles and providing strong penetration capability into the turbulent airflow generated by the coal mining machine drum.

[0041] Example 6: Please refer to Figures 3-5 Based on embodiment 1, the pressure stabilizing module includes a pressure stabilizing cylinder 1, one end of which is provided with a water inlet 2, the water inlet 2 is connected to a conduit 3, and the other end of the pressure stabilizing cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a filter cylinder 4. A coaxial hollow column 30 is provided in the pressure stabilizing cylinder 1. Multiple connecting rods 31 are fixedly connected between the hollow column 30 and the inner wall of the pressure stabilizing cylinder 1. A sliding plate 34 is slidably installed in the hollow column 30. A sliding rod 32 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding plate 34 away from the filter cylinder 4. After the sliding rod 32 slides through the end face of the hollow column 30, a pressure stabilizing piston 28 is fixedly installed. The outer periphery of the pressure stabilizing piston 28 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure stabilizing cylinder 1. Multiple circumferentially arrayed water passage grooves 29 are opened on the outer periphery of the pressure stabilizing piston 28. A spring 33 is fixedly connected between the slide plate 34 and the inner end face of the hollow column 30.

[0042] The pressure-stabilizing piston 28 has multiple water-passing grooves 29, through which water can continue to flow forward. The pressure-stabilizing piston 28 is connected to a sliding plate 34 inside the hollow column 30 via a sliding rod 32. A spring 33 is installed between the sliding plate 34 and the end face of the hollow column 30. When the inlet water pressure suddenly increases, the water pressure pushes the pressure-stabilizing piston 28 to move in the direction of compressing the spring 33, changing the relative position of the pressure-stabilizing piston 28 and the water-passing grooves 29. This reduces the effective flow area of ​​the water-passing grooves 29, thus limiting the rapid increase in flow rate and acting as a buffer. When the inlet water pressure decreases, the spring 33 pushes the sliding plate 34 and the sliding rod 32 to move in the opposite direction, resetting the pressure-stabilizing piston 28. The flow area of ​​the water-passing grooves 29 increases, maintaining the downstream flow rate. By matching the preload of the spring 33 with the dimensions of the water-passing grooves 29, upstream pressure fluctuations can be stabilized and output stably.

[0043] The pressure stabilizing structure in this embodiment effectively eliminates pressure peaks and troughs in the downhole water supply system, ensuring that the downstream atomization pressure is always within the optimal operating range. Stable pressure allows the Venturi tube 6 and nozzle assembly 7 to continuously produce uniform and fine droplets, avoiding atomization failure or excessively coarse droplets caused by pressure fluctuations.

[0044] Example 7: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on embodiment 1, the mounting assembly includes a mounting base 9, and the ends of the two pins 8 away from the filter cylinder 4 are rotatably connected to the mounting base 9. A base 10 is fixedly connected between the ends of the two mounting bases 9 away from the pins 8. The side of the base 10 is provided with an ear plate 11 with mounting holes. A motor 14 for driving the corresponding pin shaft 8 to rotate is fixedly mounted on the outer side of a mounting base 9.

[0045] When in use, the position of the coal mining machine drum, the direction of airflow, and the dust generation area can be determined by controlling the motor 14 to drive the pin shaft 8 to rotate, thereby rotating the entire filter cylinder 4 and the nozzle assembly 7 around the axis of the pin shaft 8, thus adjusting the pitch angle or horizontal pointing angle of the spray, so that the fog curtain can accurately cover the dust generation point.

[0046] The device can actively adjust the spray direction and flexibly optimize the spray posture according to different working conditions (such as different cutting depths of the coal mining machine and different wind speed conditions) to prevent the fog curtain from deviating from the dust-generating area.

[0047] Among them, motor 14 can be centrally controlled downhole or operated remotely.

[0048] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face, characterized in that, include: A pressure stabilizing module, one end of which is connected to a conduit (3), the conduit (3) being used to connect to an external water supply device; The filter cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure stabilizing module away from the conduit (3). A backwash hole (45) is provided on the periphery of the filter cylinder (4) near the pressure stabilizing module. A switch assembly for controlling the opening of the backwash hole (45) is provided in the filter cylinder (4). A sewage discharge assembly is connected to the backwash hole (45). Two symmetrically arranged pins (8) are fixedly connected to the periphery of the filter cylinder (4). An installation assembly is provided between the two pins (8). The central tube (5) has one end that passes through the end of the filter cylinder (4) and is connected to the pressure stabilizing module, and the other end that passes through the filter cylinder (4) to the outside. Two sets of partition components are fixedly connected between the outer periphery of the central tube (5) near the pressure stabilizing module and the inner wall of the filter cylinder (4). A rotatable filter component is slidably installed on the outer periphery of the central tube (5). The filter component is connected to the partition component in a transmission manner, and the filter component is in a squeezing sliding contact with the switch component. A drive component is installed on the outer periphery of the central tube (5). The drive component works in conjunction with the filter component. Multiple oblique water outlet holes (15) are evenly opened on the outer periphery of the central tube (5) at the ends of the filter component, the filter cylinder (4), and between the two sets of partition components. A manifold hole (25) is opened on the outer periphery of the central tube (5) at the end of the filter cylinder (4) away from the pressure stabilizing module. A venturi tube (6) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the central tube (5) outside the filter cylinder (4). A baffle (27) is installed in the central tube (5). A gas-liquid mixing component is installed in the central tube (5). And the nozzle assembly (7), which is detachably fixed to the end of the venturi tube (6).

2. The dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation assembly includes a separation baffle (35) fixedly connected to the periphery of the central tube (5). The side of the separation baffle (35) away from the central tube (5) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder (4), and the end of the separation baffle (35) away from the filter assembly is fixedly connected to the end of the filter cylinder (4) at the corresponding position. The partition baffle (35) has a groove (36) at one end near the filter assembly. An extension plate (38) is slidably installed in the groove (36). The two sides of the extension plate (38) are slidably connected to the outer periphery of the central tube (5) and the inner wall of the filter cylinder (4), respectively. A spring (37) is fixedly connected between one end of the extension plate (38) in the groove (36) and the inner end face of the groove (36). The extension plate (38) is fixedly connected to the filter assembly at one end outside the chute (36).

3. A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter assembly includes a rotatable mounting sleeve (17) that is slidably mounted on the periphery of the central tube (5). An annular filter screen (16) is fixedly mounted on the periphery of the mounting sleeve (17). The periphery of the annular filter screen (16) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the filter cylinder (4). The annular filter screen (16) and the mounting sleeve (17) are in sliding contact with the end face of the extension plate (38) away from the partition baffle (35). The mounting sleeve (17) has a T-shaped annular groove (39) on the side near the extension plate (38). Two rollers (41) are slidably installed in the T-shaped annular groove (39). The end face of the rollers (41) is rotatably connected to the connecting post (40). The end of the two connecting posts (40) away from the rollers (41) is fixedly connected to the end face of the two extension plates (38). The mounting sleeve (17) is fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially arrayed docking rods (46) on the side away from the extension plate (38), and the docking rods (46) are provided with docking teeth (47) at the end away from the mounting sleeve (17).

4. A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a mounting ring (19) rotatably mounted on the periphery of the central tube (5). Multiple turbine blades (18) arranged in a circumferential array are fixedly mounted on the periphery of the mounting ring (19). The mounting ring (19) is provided with a meshing tooth (48) on the side near the mounting sleeve (17) to cooperate with the mating tooth (47).

5. A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 3, characterized in that, The switch assembly includes an arc-shaped baffle (42) slidably mounted on the inner wall of the filter cylinder (4). The arc-shaped baffle (42) is aligned with the backwash hole (45). A linkage block (43) is fixedly connected to the end of the arc-shaped baffle (42) away from the annular filter screen (16). An elastic telescopic rod (44) is fixedly connected between the linkage block (43) and the end face of the filter cylinder (4). The end of the arc-shaped baffle (42) near the annular filter screen (16) is in a squeezing sliding connection with the side of the annular filter screen (16).

6. A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sewage discharge assembly includes a sewage discharge pipe (12) connected to a backwash hole (45), the sewage discharge pipe (12) is provided with a one-way valve that allows water to exit, and a conduit (13) is fixedly connected to one end of the sewage discharge pipe (12) away from the filter cylinder (4), the conduit (13) being connected to the sewage discharge system.

7. A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-liquid mixing assembly includes an air pump (20), a spiral turbulence blade (23), and an air injection cylinder (24) coaxially arranged in the central tube (5). A limit rod is provided between the outer periphery of the air injection cylinder (24) and the inner wall of the central tube (5) to achieve a fixed coaxial arrangement. An air inlet pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the air injection cylinder (24). The end of the air inlet pipe (21) away from the air injection cylinder (24) passes through the central tube (5) to the outside of the central tube (5). The outer periphery of the air injection cylinder (24) is provided with multiple V-shaped grooves (49), and the bottom of the V-shaped grooves (49) is provided with multiple evenly arranged air outlets (50). The air outlets (50) are in communication with the interior of the air injection cylinder (24). The V-shaped grooves (49) are arranged parallel to the air injection cylinder (24), and the multiple V-shaped grooves (49) are arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of the air injection cylinder (24). The spiral disturbance blade (23) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the central tube (5), and the spiral disturbance blade (23) surrounds the air injection cylinder (24); The air pump (20) is fixedly installed on the filter cartridge (4), and an air guide pipe (22) is connected between the air outlet end of the air pump (20) and the air inlet pipe (21).

8. A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle assembly (7) includes a nozzle (26) that is detachably fixedly installed at the end of a venturi tube (6). A perforated impact plate (51) is fixedly installed in the nozzle (26). A coaxial mounting shaft (52) is fixedly connected to one end of the perforated impact plate (51) away from the venturi tube (6). A mounting post (53) is rotatably connected to one end of the mounting shaft (52) away from the perforated impact plate (51). A plurality of circumferentially arrayed turbine blades (54) are fixedly installed around the periphery of the mounting post (53). A conical disk (55) is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting post (53) away from the mounting shaft (52). A plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed atomizing blocks (56) are arranged at the outer edge of the conical disk (55).

9. A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure stabilizing module includes a pressure stabilizing cylinder (1), one end of which is provided with a water inlet (2), the water inlet (2) is connected to the first conduit (3), and the other end of the pressure stabilizing cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to the filter cylinder (4). The pressure stabilizing cylinder (1) is provided with a coaxial hollow column (30). Multiple connecting rods (31) are fixedly connected between the hollow column (30) and the inner wall of the pressure stabilizing cylinder (1). A sliding plate (34) is slidably installed in the hollow column (30). A sliding rod (32) is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding plate (34) away from the filter cylinder (4). After the sliding rod (32) slides through the end face of the hollow column (30), a pressure stabilizing piston (28) is fixedly installed. The periphery of the pressure stabilizing piston (28) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure stabilizing cylinder (1). Multiple circumferentially arrayed water passages (29) are opened on the periphery of the pressure stabilizing piston (28). A spring (33) is fixedly connected between the slide (34) and the inner end face of the hollow column (30).

10. A dust suppression spray device for a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting assembly includes a mounting base (9), and the two pins (8) are rotatably connected to the mounting base (9) at the ends away from the filter cylinder (4). A base (10) is fixedly connected between the ends of the two mounting bases (9) away from the pins (8). The side of the base (10) is provided with an ear plate (11) with mounting holes. A motor (14) for driving the corresponding pin (8) to rotate is fixedly mounted on the outer side of one of the mounting bases (9).

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