Hydrogen permeation on-line monitoring device and method for steel hydrogen pipeline

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a kind of steel hydrogen pipeline hydrogen permeation on-line monitoring device and method, wherein, device includes: sealed monitoring chamber, sealed monitoring chamber is provided with monitoring port, and monitoring port and the monitoring area of pipeline are sealedly connected, and basic electrolyte is arranged in sealed monitoring chamber, and basic electrolyte covers the monitoring area of pipeline;Sensing electrode, sensing electrode is arranged in sealed monitoring chamber, and the detection end of sensing electrode and monitoring area are connected, and the communication end of sensing electrode is sealedly penetrated out of sealed monitoring chamber;Monitoring module, the communication end of monitoring module and the communication end of sensing electrode are connected, and monitoring module is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current of monitoring area by sensing electrode.In the steel hydrogen pipeline hydrogen permeation on-line monitoring device and method of the present disclosure, when perforation, leakage occurs, etc., the gas of monitoring area can still be guaranteed not to leak, thereby effectively improving the safety and reliability of monitoring process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of hydrogen permeation monitoring technology, and in particular to an online monitoring device and method for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen transport pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] The safe storage and transportation of hydrogen is one of the key factors restricting the large-scale development of hydrogen energy. During hydrogen storage and transportation, steel pipelines face the problems of hydrogen permeation and damage, posing a significant challenge to the service safety of steel hydrogen transport pipelines. When hydrogen atoms permeate into the interior of the material, the material's properties degrade, specifically manifested as decreased toughness, accelerated fatigue crack propagation rate, decreased fracture toughness, and reduced fatigue life. Currently, there are various methods for monitoring hydrogen permeation, but these methods are only applicable to hydrogen permeation behavior under laboratory conditions, and their safety and reliability cannot be guaranteed for online monitoring of steel hydrogen transport pipelines. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide an online monitoring device and method for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen transmission pipelines.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this disclosure provides an online hydrogen permeation monitoring device for steel hydrogen transportation pipelines, comprising: a sealed monitoring chamber, wherein the sealed monitoring chamber is provided with a monitoring port and the monitoring port is sealed and connected to the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline, and an alkaline electrolyte is provided in the sealed monitoring chamber, the alkaline electrolyte covering the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline; a sensing electrode, wherein the sensing electrode is disposed in the sealed monitoring chamber and the detection end of the sensing electrode is connected to the monitoring area, and the communication end of the sensing electrode is sealed and extends through the sealed monitoring chamber; and a monitoring module, wherein the communication end of the monitoring module is connected to the communication end of the sensing electrode, and the monitoring module is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the sensing electrode.

[0006] Optionally, the sensing electrode includes: a working electrode, which is disposed in the sealed monitoring chamber and is insulated from the alkaline electrolyte; the detection end of the working electrode is connected to the monitoring area; and the communication end of the working electrode is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber; a reference electrode, which is disposed in the sealed monitoring chamber and has its detection end located within the alkaline electrolyte; and the communication end of the reference electrode is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber; and an auxiliary electrode, which is disposed in the sealed monitoring chamber and has its detection end located within the alkaline electrolyte; and the communication end of the auxiliary electrode is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber. The communication end of the monitoring module is connected to the communication ends of the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the auxiliary electrode, respectively, and the monitoring module is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current of the monitoring area using the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the auxiliary electrode.

[0007] Optionally, the sensing electrode further includes a high-voltage insulating component, which is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber, and the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the auxiliary electrode respectively penetrate the high-voltage insulating component, with the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the auxiliary electrode distributed at intervals on the high-voltage insulating component.

[0008] Optionally, the device further includes: a pressure detection module, wherein the detection end of the pressure detection module is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber and disposed within the sealed monitoring chamber, and the signal output end of the pressure detection module is connected to the signal input end of the monitoring module, and the pressure detection module is used to detect the pressure within the sealed monitoring chamber.

[0009] Optionally, the sealed monitoring chamber includes: a conduit disposed on the monitoring area, with the bottom end of the conduit serving as a monitoring port and sealed to the monitoring area; an alkaline electrolyte disposed within the conduit and covering the monitoring area of ​​the conduit; and a sensing electrode disposed within the conduit; a cover plate sealingly covering the top end of the conduit, with the communication end of the sensing electrode sealingly penetrating through the cover plate.

[0010] Optionally, the sealing monitoring chamber further includes: a flange, which is fitted onto the top end of the conduit and the cover plate is connected to the flange; and a sealing ring, which is disposed between the flange and the cover plate and is distributed circumferentially along the conduit.

[0011] Optionally, the sealing monitoring chamber further includes: a plurality of fixing bolts, the threaded portion of which passes through the cover plate and is threadedly connected to the flange, and the plurality of fixing bolts are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the conduit.

[0012] Optionally, the monitoring module includes: a data acquisition and processing unit, wherein the acquisition end of the data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the communication end of the sensing electrode, and the data acquisition and processing unit is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the sensing electrode; a storage unit, wherein the signal input end of the storage unit is connected to the first signal output end of the data acquisition and processing unit, and the storage unit is used to store the hydrogen permeation current data; and a display unit, wherein the signal input end of the display unit is connected to the second signal output end of the data acquisition and processing unit, and the display unit is used to display the hydrogen permeation current data.

[0013] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a method for online monitoring of hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen transport pipelines. The method is based on the online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen transport pipelines provided in the first aspect of this disclosure, and includes: nickel plating the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline; arranging a sealed monitoring chamber of the online monitoring device on the treated monitoring area, and arranging the sensing electrodes of the online monitoring device within the sealed monitoring chamber; obtaining the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the monitoring module of the online monitoring device; obtaining a relationship curve between the hydrogen permeation current and time based on the hydrogen permeation current and monitoring time in the monitoring area; and obtaining parameters such as hydrogen diffusion flux, hydrogen permeability, effective diffusion coefficient, surface adsorbed hydrogen concentration, and diffusible hydrogen atom concentration based on the relationship curve.

[0014] Optionally, the nickel plating treatment of the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline includes: grinding the monitoring area to a preset roughness; cleaning the monitoring area; and plating the monitoring area with nickel using a nickel plating solution of a preset concentration and according to a preset nickel plating current and a preset nickel plating time.

[0015] The technical solution provided in this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:

[0016] Because the steel hydrogen pipeline transports hydrogen, the inner side of the monitoring area forms the cathode cell of a double-sided electrolytic cell. Since the alkaline electrolyte covers the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline, and the sensing electrodes are located in a sealed monitoring chamber with their detection end connected to the monitoring area and their communication end connected to the monitoring module, the outer side of the monitoring area, through the combination of the alkaline electrolyte, sensing electrodes, and monitoring module, forms the anode cell of the double-sided electrolytic cell. When hydrogen atoms in the cathode cell pass through the monitoring area and reach the anode cell after a series of processes such as adsorption and permeation, they are oxidized into hydrogen ions, generating an anodic current (hydrogen permeation current), which is then detected by the monitoring module. This achieves online monitoring of hydrogen permeation in the steel hydrogen pipeline. Furthermore, because the sealed monitoring chamber has a monitoring port that is sealed to the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline, the anode cell outside the monitoring area forms a closed space. This ensures that even in the event of perforation or pressure leakage, the gas in the monitoring area remains leak-proof, effectively improving the safety and reliability of the monitoring process while achieving online hydrogen permeation monitoring.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in a steel hydrogen transport pipeline according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the online monitoring method for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen pipelines proposed in this disclosure;

[0021] As shown in the figure: 1. Sealed monitoring chamber, 11. Alkaline electrolyte, 12. Conduit, 13. Cover plate, 14. Flange, 15. Sealing ring, 16. Fixing bolt;

[0022] 2. Sensing electrode; 21. Working electrode; 22. Reference electrode; 23. Auxiliary electrode; 24. High-voltage insulation component;

[0023] 3. Monitoring module; 4. Pressure detection module;

[0024] 100. Pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are used only to explain this disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure. Rather, embodiments of this disclosure include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown in the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an online hydrogen permeation monitoring device for a steel hydrogen transport pipeline 100, comprising: a sealed monitoring chamber 1, a sensing electrode 2, and a monitoring module 3. The sealed monitoring chamber 1 is provided with a monitoring port, and the monitoring port is sealed and connected to the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline 100. An alkaline electrolyte 11 is provided inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1, and the alkaline electrolyte 11 covers the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline 100. The sensing electrode 2 is disposed inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1, and the detection end of the sensing electrode 2 is connected to the monitoring area. The communication end of the sensing electrode 2 is sealed and extends through the sealed monitoring chamber 1. The communication end of the monitoring module is connected to the communication end of the sensing electrode 2, and the monitoring module is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the sensing electrode 2.

[0027] Understandably, because hydrogen is transported within the steel hydrogen pipeline 100, the inner side of the monitoring area constitutes the cathode cell in the double-sided electrolytic cell. Since the alkaline electrolyte 11 covers the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline 100, and the sensing electrode 2 is located within the sealed monitoring chamber 1, with its detection end connected to the monitoring area and its communication end connected to the communication end of the monitoring module, the outer side of the monitoring area, through the cooperation of the alkaline electrolyte 11, the sensing electrode 2, and the monitoring module 3, constitutes the anode cell of the double-sided electrolytic cell. When hydrogen atoms in the cathode cell pass through the monitoring area and reach the anode cell after a series of processes such as adsorption and permeation, they can be oxidized into hydrogen ions, thereby generating an anodic current (hydrogen permeation current), which is then detected by the monitoring module. This achieves online monitoring of hydrogen permeation in the steel hydrogen pipeline 100.

[0028] Furthermore, since the sealed monitoring chamber 1 is equipped with a monitoring port, and the monitoring port and the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline 100 are sealed together, the anode pool outside the monitoring area forms a closed space. Thus, even if perforation or pressure leakage occurs, the gas in the monitoring area can still be guaranteed not to leak. This effectively improves the safety and reliability of the monitoring process while realizing online monitoring of hydrogen permeation.

[0029] It should be noted that a common method for hydrogen permeation detection is the double-sided electrolytic cell (Devanathan-Stachurski) technique. In this cell, the metal sample (the object being monitored) is placed in the middle, serving as the double-sided electrode, with the cathode and anolyte cells on either side. In the cathode cell, hydrogen atoms are generated through cathodic polarization or the introduction of a corrosive medium, resulting in the hydrogen evolution reaction. The generated hydrogen atoms pass through the metal sample via adsorption and permeation to the anolyte side, where they are oxidized to hydrogen ions: Hads → Habs → H+ + e-, thus generating the anolyte current, which is the hydrogen permeation current.

[0030] In this embodiment, the monitoring area serves as the metal sample in the double-sided electrolytic cell, while the hydrogen transport environment inside the monitoring area forms the cathode cell of the double-sided electrolytic cell. The outer side of the monitoring area, in conjunction with the alkaline electrolyte 11, the sensing electrode 2, and the monitoring module 3, constitutes the anode cell of the double-sided electrolytic cell. Thus, by detecting the current in the anode cell, the hydrogen permeation current signal can be accurately obtained.

[0031] The steel hydrogen pipeline 100 is used to transport hydrogen. The specific type of the steel hydrogen pipeline 100 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. The pressure in the steel hydrogen pipeline 100 is greater than atmospheric pressure, and the internal transport medium contains hydrogen.

[0032] A sealed monitoring chamber 1 is located in the monitoring area of ​​the steel hydrogen pipeline 100 and is used to house the alkaline electrolyte 11 and the sensing electrode 2. The specific type of the sealed monitoring chamber 1 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. The sealed monitoring chamber 1 should have resistance to hydrogen embrittlement and alkaline corrosion, as well as pressure resistance equivalent to that of the steel hydrogen pipeline 100.

[0033] Among them, the alkaline electrolyte 11 is used in conjunction with the sensing electrode 2 to form the anode cell of the double-sided electrolytic cell. The alkaline electrolyte 11 has the functions of conducting electricity and neutralizing hydrogen ions.

[0034] The sensing electrode 2 is used in conjunction with the monitoring module 3 and the alkaline electrolyte 11 to form the anode cell of the double-sided electrolytic cell on the outside of the monitoring area, and to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area. The specific type of the sensing electrode 2 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto.

[0035] The monitoring module 3 is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the sensing electrode 2. The specific type of the monitoring module 3 can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the sensing electrode 2 includes a working electrode 21, a reference electrode 22, and an auxiliary electrode 23. The working electrode 21 is disposed within a sealed monitoring chamber 1 and is insulated from the alkaline electrolyte 11. The detection end of the working electrode 21 is connected to the monitoring area, and the communication end of the working electrode 21 is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber 1. The reference electrode 22 is disposed within the sealed monitoring chamber 1, and its detection end is located within the alkaline electrolyte 11. Its communication end is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber 1. The auxiliary electrode 23 is disposed within the sealed monitoring chamber 1, and its detection end is located within the alkaline electrolyte 11. Its communication end is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber 1. The communication end of the monitoring module is connected to the communication ends of the working electrode 21, the reference electrode 22, and the auxiliary electrode 23, respectively. The monitoring module is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the working electrode 21, the reference electrode 22, and the auxiliary electrode 23.

[0037] Understandably, since the working electrode 21 is located inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1 and is insulated from the alkaline electrolyte 11, the detection end of the working electrode 21 is connected to the monitoring area, and the communication end of the working electrode 21 is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber 1 and connected to the communication end of the monitoring module. This allows the monitoring module to apply a stable potential to the monitoring area using the working electrode 21, thereby using the potential to oxidize hydrogen atoms that have permeated through the monitoring area into hydrogen ions, thus generating a hydrogen permeation current. Since the reference electrode 22 is located inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1 and its detection end is located inside the alkaline electrolyte 11, and its communication end is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber 1 and connected to the communication end of the monitoring module, the monitoring module can use the reference electrode 22 to provide a stable reference potential for the working electrode 21. Since the auxiliary electrode 23 is located inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1 and its detection end is located inside the alkaline electrolyte 11, and its communication end is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber 1 and connected to the communication end of the monitoring module, the monitoring module can use the auxiliary electrode 23 to detect the hydrogen permeation current.

[0038] Thus, by utilizing the three-electrode system formed by the working electrode 21, the reference electrode 22, and the auxiliary electrode 23, the monitoring module is able to achieve accurate monitoring of hydrogen permeation current.

[0039] It should be noted that the working electrode 21 is used to apply a stable potential to the monitoring area, so as to use the potential to oxidize the hydrogen atoms that have permeated the monitoring area into hydrogen ions, thereby generating a hydrogen permeation current. The specific type of the working electrode 21 can be set according to actual needs and there is no limitation thereto.

[0040] The reference electrode 22 is used to provide a stable reference potential for the working electrode 21, and has the characteristic of long-term potential stability. The specific type of the reference electrode 22 can be set according to actual needs, and there is no restriction on it.

[0041] The auxiliary electrode 23 is used to detect hydrogen permeation current. The specific type of the auxiliary electrode 23 can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the sensing electrode 2 further includes a high-voltage insulating component 24, which seals through the sealed monitoring chamber 1, and the working electrode 21, the reference electrode 22, and the auxiliary electrode 23 respectively penetrate through the high-voltage insulating component 24, with the working electrode 21, the reference electrode 22, and the auxiliary electrode 23 distributed at intervals on the high-voltage insulating component 24.

[0043] Understandably, because the high-voltage insulating component 24 seals through the sealed monitoring chamber 1, and the working electrode 21, reference electrode 22, and auxiliary electrode 23 each penetrate the high-voltage insulating component 24, and are spaced apart on the high-voltage insulating component 24, the working electrode 21, reference electrode 22, and auxiliary electrode 23 can each achieve sealed penetration through the sealed monitoring chamber 1 using the high-voltage insulating component 24, while simultaneously isolating themselves from each other and avoiding interference between them. Therefore, the high-voltage insulating component 24 makes the arrangement of the sensing electrode 2 more convenient and its operation more stable.

[0044] It should be noted that the high-voltage insulation component 24 is used for insulation and isolation between the working electrode 21, the reference electrode 22 and the auxiliary electrode 23, as well as for the sealed through-arrangement of the working electrode 21, the reference electrode 22 and the auxiliary electrode 23 on the sealed monitoring chamber 1. The specific type of the high-voltage insulation component 24 can be set according to actual needs, and there are no restrictions on it.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the device further includes a pressure detection module 4, the detection end of the pressure detection module 4 is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber 1 and disposed inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1, and the signal output end of the pressure detection module 4 is connected to the signal input end of the monitoring module 3, the pressure detection module 4 is used to detect the pressure inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1.

[0046] Understandably, since the detection end of the pressure detection module 4 is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber 1 and installed inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1, and the signal output end of the pressure detection module 4 is connected to the signal input end of the monitoring module 3, the pressure detection module 4 can detect the pressure inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1 and send the detected pressure signal to the monitoring module 3. Thus, when perforation or pressure leakage occurs, the monitoring module 3 can promptly obtain the perforation or pressure leakage status of the monitoring area, thereby effectively improving the safety and reliability of the hydrogen permeation monitoring process.

[0047] It should be noted that the pressure detection module 4 is used to detect the pressure inside the sealed monitoring chamber 1. The specific type of the pressure detection module 4 can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it. For example, the pressure detection module 4 can be a pressure gauge, and the detection end of the pressure detection module 4 is sealed at the penetration point of the sealed monitoring chamber 1.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the sealed monitoring chamber 1 includes: a conduit 12 and a cover plate 13. The conduit 12 is disposed on the monitoring area, and the bottom end of the conduit 12 is sealed and connected to the monitoring area as a monitoring port. An alkaline electrolyte 11 is disposed inside the conduit 12 and covers the monitoring area of ​​the pipe 100. A sensing electrode 2 is disposed inside the conduit 12. The cover plate 13 is sealed and covers the top end of the conduit 12, and the communication end of the sensing electrode 2 is sealed and extends through the cover plate 13.

[0049] It is understandable that, since the conduit 12 is set on the monitoring area, and the bottom end of the conduit 12 is sealed and connected to the monitoring area as a monitoring port, and the cover plate 13 is sealed and covered on the top end of the conduit 12, the conduit 12 and the cover plate 13 cooperate to form a sealed monitoring chamber 1 with a sealed space, and realize the arrangement of alkaline electrolyte 11 and sensing electrode 2, thereby ensuring the effective formation of the anode pool outside the monitoring area in the double-sided electrolytic cell.

[0050] It should be noted that the conduit 12 is arranged in the monitoring area and is used to arrange the alkaline electrolyte 11 and the sensing electrode 2. The specific type of the conduit 12 can be set according to actual needs and there is no limitation thereto. For example, the conduit 12 is a tubular structure and is arranged vertically. The conduit 12 is made of a material with greater pressure resistance and resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.

[0051] The cover plate 13 is used to cover the top of the conduit 12 to form a sealed monitoring chamber 1 with a sealed space, and is also used to arrange the sensing electrodes 2. The specific type of the cover plate 13 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. For example, the cover plate 13 is a circular plate structure and the diameter of the cover plate 13 is larger than the diameter of the conduit 12.

[0052] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the sealing monitoring chamber 1 further includes a flange 14 and a sealing ring 15. The flange 14 is fitted onto the top end of the conduit 12, and the cover plate 13 is connected to the flange 14. The sealing ring 15 is disposed between the flange 14 and the cover plate 13, and the sealing ring 15 is distributed along the circumference of the conduit 12.

[0053] It is understandable that, since the flange 14 is fitted onto the top of the conduit 12 and the cover plate 13 is connected to the flange 14, and the sealing ring 15 is set between the flange 14 and the cover plate 13, the cover plate 13 can be stably covered onto the top of the conduit 12 by the flange 14, and a stable seal is achieved between the cover plate 13 and the conduit 12 by the sealing ring 15. Thus, the high sealing performance of the sealing monitoring chamber 1 is ensured, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the hydrogen permeation monitoring process.

[0054] It should be noted that flange 14 is used for the connection between the top end of conduit 12 and cover plate 13. The specific type of flange 14 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. For example, flange 14 is a plate replacement structure, with the inner diameter of flange 14 being the same as the diameter of conduit 12, and the outer diameter of flange 14 being the same as the diameter of cover plate 13. Flange 14 should be able to ensure strong pressure resistance of the sealing monitoring chamber 1, and the material should have resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.

[0055] The sealing ring 15 is used for high-pressure sealing between the flange 14 and the cover plate 13. The specific type of the sealing ring 15 can be set according to actual needs and there is no limitation. For example, the sealing ring 15 can be a rubber ring. The flange 14 and the cover plate 13 are provided with sealing grooves at corresponding positions, and the sealing ring 15 is arranged in the sealing groove.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the sealing monitoring chamber 1 further includes a plurality of fixing bolts 16, the threaded portion of the fixing bolts 16 passing through the cover plate 13 and threadedly connected to the flange 14, and the plurality of fixing bolts 16 being distributed at intervals along the circumference of the conduit 12.

[0057] Understandably, since the threaded portion of the fixing bolt 16 penetrates the cover plate 13 and is threadedly connected to the flange 14, and multiple fixing bolts 16 are distributed circumferentially along the guide tube 12, the cover plate 13 and the flange 14 can be stably connected by the fixing bolts 16 while also being easy to disassemble and assemble, thus making the use of the online monitoring device more flexible and convenient.

[0058] It should be noted that the fixing bolt 16 is used for the detachable connection between the cover plate 13 and the flange 14. The specific type of fixing bolt 16 can be set according to actual needs and there is no restriction on it.

[0059] In some embodiments, the monitoring module 3 includes: a data acquisition and processing unit, a storage unit, and a display unit. The acquisition end of the data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the communication end of the sensing electrode 2, and the data acquisition and processing unit is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the sensing electrode 2. The signal input end of the storage unit is connected to the first signal output end of the data acquisition and processing unit, and the storage unit is used to store hydrogen permeation current data. The signal input end of the display unit is connected to the second signal output end of the data acquisition and processing unit, and the display unit is used to display the hydrogen permeation current data.

[0060] Understandably, because the acquisition and processing unit's acquisition end is connected to the communication end of the sensing electrode 2, the acquisition and processing unit can use the sensing electrode 2 to detect the hydrogen osmosis current in the monitoring area. Furthermore, because the signal input end of the storage unit is connected to the first signal output end of the acquisition and processing unit, the storage unit can store the hydrogen osmosis current data. Simultaneously, because the signal input end of the display unit is connected to the second signal output end of the acquisition and processing unit, the display unit can display the hydrogen osmosis current data. Therefore, through the cooperation of the acquisition and processing unit, the storage unit, and the display unit, the acquisition, recording, and display of hydrogen osmosis current data in the monitoring area can be realized, making the use of the online monitoring device more convenient.

[0061] It should be noted that the acquisition and processing unit is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the sensing electrode 2. The specific type of the acquisition and processing unit can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. For example, the acquisition and processing unit may include: controller, host computer, etc.

[0062] The storage unit is used to store hydrogen permeation current data. The specific type of storage unit can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. For example, the storage unit can be a memory.

[0063] The display unit is used to display hydrogen permeation current data. The specific type of display unit can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it. For example, the display unit can be a monitor.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this disclosure, an online monitoring method for hydrogen permeation in a steel hydrogen transport pipeline 100 is also proposed. The method is based on the online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in a steel hydrogen transport pipeline 100 as described in the embodiments of this disclosure, and includes:

[0065] S1: The monitoring area of ​​pipe 100 is nickel plated;

[0066] S2: Arrange the sealed monitoring chamber 1 of the online monitoring device on the treated monitoring area, and arrange the sensing electrode 2 of the online monitoring device in the sealed monitoring chamber 1;

[0067] S3: Obtain the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the monitoring module 3 of the online monitoring device;

[0068] S4: Obtain the relationship curve between hydrogen permeation current and time based on the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area and the monitoring time;

[0069] S5: Obtain the hydrogen diffusion flux parameter, hydrogen permeability parameter, effective diffusion coefficient parameter, surface adsorbed hydrogen concentration parameter, and diffusible hydrogen atom concentration parameter based on the relationship curve.

[0070] Understandably, the steel hydrogen pipeline 100 transports hydrogen gas, making the inner side of the monitoring area the cathode pool of a double-sided electrolytic cell, while the outer side of the monitoring area, through the cooperation of the alkaline electrolyte 11, the sensing electrode 2, and the monitoring module 3, forms the anode pool of the double-sided electrolytic cell. When hydrogen atoms in the cathode pool pass through the monitoring area and reach the anode pool after a series of processes such as adsorption and permeation, they can be oxidized into hydrogen ions, thereby generating an anodic current (hydrogen permeation current), which is then obtained by the monitoring module, thus realizing online monitoring of hydrogen permeation in the steel hydrogen pipeline 100.

[0071] Furthermore, the relationship curve between hydrogen permeation current and time is obtained based on the hydrogen permeation current and monitoring time in the monitoring area. Based on the relationship curve, parameters such as hydrogen diffusion flux, hydrogen permeability, effective diffusion coefficient, surface adsorbed hydrogen concentration, and diffusible hydrogen atom concentration are obtained. Thus, the hydrogen permeation and hydrogen damage characteristics of the steel hydrogen transport pipeline 100 are characterized by these parameters, thereby achieving more comprehensive and accurate hydrogen permeation monitoring.

[0072] It should be noted that, based on the relationship curve and the following formula, the parameters of hydrogen diffusion flux, hydrogen permeability, effective diffusion coefficient, surface adsorbed hydrogen concentration, and diffusible hydrogen atom concentration can be obtained.

[0073] Specifically, the steady-state hydrogen diffusion flux J ∞ for:

[0074] Among them, J ∞ This represents the steady-state hydrogen diffusion flux, expressed in mol·cm⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 i ∞ This represents the steady-state hydrogen permeation current density, in μA / cm². 2 F is the Faraday constant, with units of 96500 C / mol (96500 × 10⁻⁶). 6 μA·s / mol); n is the number of electrons transferred in the reaction.

[0075] Hydrogen permeability Φ is: Φ = J ∞L;

[0076] Where Φ is hydrogen permeability, in mol·cm⁻¹ -1 ·s -1 L represents the thickness, in cm.

[0077] Effective diffusion coefficient D eff for:

[0078] Among them, D eff The effective diffusion coefficient is expressed in cm⁻¹. 2 / s;T 0.63 The time taken for the instantaneous hydrogen diffusion flux to reach 0.63 times the steady-state hydrogen diffusion flux, expressed in seconds.

[0079] The surface adsorbed hydrogen concentration C0 is:

[0080] Where C0 is the surface adsorbed hydrogen concentration, in mol / cm³. 3 .

[0081] Diffusionable hydrogen atom concentration H m for:

[0082] Among them, H m A represents the concentration of diffusible hydrogen atoms in the sample, in mol; A represents the area exposed in the hydrogen-filled solution, in cm². 2 .

[0083] In some embodiments, nickel plating of the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline 100 includes:

[0084] Grind the monitored area to the preset roughness;

[0085] Clean the monitoring area;

[0086] The monitoring area is nickel plated using a nickel plating solution of preset concentration, and according to preset nickel plating current and preset nickel plating time.

[0087] Understandably, the monitoring area is ground to a preset roughness and cleaned to enable high-quality nickel plating. Furthermore, nickel plating is performed on the monitoring area using a preset concentration of nickel plating solution, a preset nickel plating current, and a preset nickel plating time, thus completing the nickel plating process and ensuring accurate monitoring of hydrogen permeation in the monitoring area by the online monitoring device.

[0088] It should be noted that the preset roughness can be set according to actual needs, and there are no restrictions on it. For example, the preset roughness can be 0.4μm.

[0089] The cleaning method for the monitoring area can be set according to actual needs, and there are no restrictions on it. For example, the monitoring area can be cleaned with alcohol or acetone.

[0090] The preset concentration can be set according to actual needs, and there are no restrictions on it. For example, the nickel plating solution includes: 250 g / L NiSO4·7H2O, 45 g / L NiCl2·6H2O, and 40 g / L H3BO4.

[0091] The preset nickel plating current can be set according to actual needs and is not limited. For example, the preset nickel plating current can be 10mA / cm. 2 .

[0092] The preset nickel plating time can be set according to actual needs and there is no limit to it. For example, the preset nickel plating time can be 600 seconds.

[0093] It should be noted that in the description of this disclosure, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0094] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of preferred embodiments of this disclosure includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the function involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this disclosure pertain.

[0095] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0096] Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen transport pipelines, characterized in that, include: A sealed monitoring chamber is provided with a monitoring port, and the monitoring port is sealed and connected to the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline. An alkaline electrolyte is provided in the sealed monitoring chamber, and the alkaline electrolyte covers the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline. A sensing electrode is disposed in the sealed monitoring chamber, and the detection end of the sensing electrode is connected to the monitoring area, while the communication end of the sensing electrode is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber. The monitoring module has its communication terminal connected to the communication terminal of the sensing electrode, and the monitoring module is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the sensing electrode.

2. The online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing electrode includes: The working electrode is disposed in the sealed monitoring chamber and is insulated from the alkaline electrolyte. The detection end of the working electrode is connected to the monitoring area, and the communication end of the working electrode is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber. A reference electrode is disposed in the sealed monitoring chamber, with the detection end of the reference electrode located inside the alkaline electrolyte, and the communication end of the reference electrode sealingly penetrating out of the sealed monitoring chamber. An auxiliary electrode is disposed in the sealed monitoring chamber, with the detection end of the auxiliary electrode located inside the alkaline electrolyte and the communication end of the auxiliary electrode sealingly penetrating out of the sealed monitoring chamber. The communication terminals of the monitoring module are connected to the communication terminals of the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the auxiliary electrode, respectively, and the monitoring module is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area using the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the auxiliary electrode.

3. The online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen pipelines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensing electrode further includes: A high-voltage insulating component is provided, which seals through the sealed monitoring chamber. The working electrode, the reference electrode, and the auxiliary electrode also pass through the high-voltage insulating component, and are distributed at intervals on the high-voltage insulating component.

4. The online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: A pressure detection module is provided, wherein the detection end of the pressure detection module is sealed through the sealed monitoring chamber and disposed within the sealed monitoring chamber, and the signal output end of the pressure detection module is connected to the signal input end of the monitoring module. The pressure detection module is used to detect the pressure within the sealed monitoring chamber.

5. The online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealed monitoring chamber includes: A conduit is disposed on the monitoring area, and the bottom end of the conduit serves as a monitoring port and is sealed to the monitoring area. The alkaline electrolyte is disposed inside the conduit and covers the monitoring area of ​​the conduit. The sensing electrode is disposed inside the conduit. A cover plate is provided to seal and cover the top end of the conduit, and the communication end of the sensing electrode is sealed through the cover plate.

6. The online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen pipelines according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sealed monitoring chamber also includes: A flange, which is fitted onto the top end of the conduit, and the cover plate is connected to the flange; A sealing ring is disposed between the flange and the cover plate, and the sealing ring is distributed circumferentially along the conduit.

7. The online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen pipelines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealed monitoring chamber also includes: Multiple fixing bolts are provided, the threaded portion of which penetrates the cover plate and is threadedly connected to the flange, and the multiple fixing bolts are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the conduit.

8. The online monitoring device for hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring module includes: The data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the acquisition end of the sensing electrode and the communication end of the sensing electrode. The data acquisition and processing unit is used to detect the hydrogen permeation current of the monitoring area using the sensing electrode. A storage unit, wherein the signal input terminal of the storage unit is connected to the first signal output terminal of the acquisition and processing unit, and the storage unit is used to store the hydrogen permeation current data; The display unit has its signal input terminal connected to the second signal output terminal of the acquisition and processing unit, and the display unit is used to display the hydrogen permeation current data.

9. A method for online monitoring of hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen transport pipelines, characterized in that, The method is based on the online hydrogen permeation monitoring device for steel hydrogen transport pipelines as described in any one of claims 1-8, and includes: The monitoring area of ​​the pipeline is nickel-plated. A sealed monitoring chamber of the online monitoring device is arranged on the treated monitoring area, and the sensing electrodes of the online monitoring device are arranged inside the sealed monitoring chamber; The hydrogen permeation current in the monitoring area is obtained using the monitoring module of the online monitoring device; The relationship curve between hydrogen permeation current and time was obtained based on the hydrogen permeation current and monitoring time in the monitoring area. Based on the relationship curves, the parameters of hydrogen diffusion flux, hydrogen permeability, effective diffusion coefficient, surface adsorbed hydrogen concentration, and diffusible hydrogen atom concentration are obtained.

10. The method for online monitoring of hydrogen permeation in steel hydrogen transmission pipelines according to claim 9, characterized in that, The nickel plating treatment of the monitoring area of ​​the pipeline includes: The monitoring area is polished to a preset roughness. Clean the monitoring area; The monitoring area is nickel plated using a nickel plating solution of a preset concentration and according to a preset nickel plating current and a preset nickel plating time.

Images