Method and system for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite ground body

Abstract

The application discloses a soil contact resistance monitoring method and system of a carbon fiber composite grounding body, and relates to the technical field of grounding resistance measurement. The method comprises the following steps: collecting electric signals of a plurality of monitoring points prearranged on a conductive solidification layer of the grounding body, and collecting soil environment parameters of the soil around the grounding body; performing layering decoupling on the conductive solidification layer body and the soil contact interface of real-time electric signal data sets; based on the soil environment parameter data sets and a material aging correction coefficient, correcting the original components of the soil contact resistance in terms of interface conduction characteristics; performing deviation comparison processing on the real-time soil contact resistance effective value and soil contact resistance baseline data, and performing state grading determination in combination with a plurality of pre-set contact resistance threshold values to generate a state determination result. The application can realize online dynamic monitoring and distinguish resistance value abnormalities induced by multiple factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grounding resistance measurement technology, specifically to a method and system for monitoring the soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes. Background Technology

[0002] The grounding system of transmission line towers is a critical infrastructure for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Its core function is to rapidly discharge lightning current and fault current to the ground, preventing line tripping and equipment damage. Traditional grounding systems generally use metal grounding materials such as flat steel, stainless steel, and copper-clad steel. However, these materials have inherent defects: First, they do not have a tight contact with the soil, resulting in high contact resistance. In areas with high soil resistivity, the laying length and the amount of resistance-reducing material need to be significantly increased. Second, they are susceptible to soil corrosion. Even with anti-corrosion coatings, pitting corrosion can occur due to construction wear and welding defects, leading to a gradual increase in grounding resistance over the years. Their service life is usually only 10-15 years, which is difficult to match the design life of transmission lines of more than 50 years.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes have emerged. In particular, recycled carbon fiber composite pointed metal mesh grounding electrodes, using a multi-pointed metal mesh as the conductive core, employ recycled carbon fiber, recycled aggregate, and geopolymer cementitious materials to form the outer conductive structure. They possess advantages such as high conductivity, strong corrosion resistance, and low carbon footprint, exhibiting good adhesion to soil, effectively reducing contact resistance, and boasting a service life exceeding 50 years. This has become an important development direction for next-generation grounding materials. However, with the large-scale application of these composite grounding electrodes, the development of supporting technologies for online monitoring of soil contact resistance of already buried recycled carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes has been slow. Existing grounding detection schemes are difficult to adapt to the material and deployment characteristics of this composite structure, and various existing monitoring technologies have significant limitations.

[0004] Chinese patent CN110068735A relates to the field of grounding resistance measurement technology and discloses a method for measuring and calculating the contact resistance between the grounding electrode and the soil. Although this method can calculate the contact resistance value in a laboratory environment by using an plexiglass test chamber and an external AC excitation power supply in conjunction with simulation calculation, this scheme is only suitable for offline testing of laboratory samples. It cannot carry out uninterrupted online data acquisition after the grounding electrode is laid and put into operation in the field, and cannot achieve dynamic monitoring of grounding performance throughout the entire cycle.

[0005] Chinese patent CN122063335A relates to the field of grounding resistance measurement technology and discloses a grounding resistance thermo-electric coupling prediction method applicable to various soil scenarios. Although the method relies on a thermo-electric coupling iterative model to simulate and calculate grounding parameters under fault conditions, the scheme only focuses on parameter correction based on transient temperature changes during faults and cannot distinguish between contact resistance anomalies caused by changes in soil environment and material aging.

[0006] Chinese patent CN120971820A relates to the field of grounding resistance measurement technology and discloses a grounding resistance periodic monitoring system and method. Although the scheme uses DC pulse injection to achieve periodic measurement of grounding resistance and simple degradation prediction, the scheme lacks a complete data archiving and trend prediction closed-loop link.

[0007] In summary, existing grounding resistance monitoring technologies face four pressing technical challenges in the long-term operation and maintenance of recycled carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes: First, after the carbon fiber composite grounding electrode is put into actual operation and maintenance, there is a lack of suitable real-time online monitoring methods for soil contact resistance, making it impossible to dynamically sense the degradation of grounding performance; Second, existing monitoring methods cannot couple soil environmental parameters with the effects of material aging, failing to promptly identify grounding resistance anomalies caused by soil corrosion, changes in environmental soil quality, and material aging; Third, the lack of a refined automatic judgment mechanism for operating status and a graded threshold early warning mechanism makes it impossible to provide early warnings of grounding hazards and avoid potential safety risks in the power grounding system; Fourth, the monitoring data lacks a full lifecycle archiving and trend prediction closed-loop design, resulting in insufficient data support for operation and maintenance analysis and passive and lagging grounding operation and maintenance management. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for monitoring the soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes, in order to solve the problems of existing technologies that cannot achieve online dynamic monitoring, have difficulty distinguishing between multiple factors that induce abnormal resistance values, lack graded early warning, and lack closed-loop management of operation and maintenance data.

[0009] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for monitoring the soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes, comprising: Electrical signals were collected from multiple monitoring points pre-installed on the conductive curing layer of the grounding electrode, and soil environmental parameters were collected from the soil around the grounding electrode to obtain real-time electrical signal datasets and soil environmental parameter datasets. The real-time electrical signal dataset is subjected to layered decoupling between the conductive solidification layer body and the soil contact interface to generate the original component of soil contact resistance. Based on the soil environmental parameter dataset and the pre-stored material aging correction coefficient, the original component of the soil contact resistance is corrected for interfacial conduction characteristics to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance. The real-time effective value of soil contact resistance is compared with the initially calibrated baseline data of soil contact resistance, and the state is classified and determined in combination with the preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds to generate a state determination result; when the determination result is abnormal, a corresponding early warning signal is generated and sent to the remote monitoring platform.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention enables continuous automatic acquisition of electrical signals and soil parameters by setting monitoring points on the conductive curing layer and deploying soil parameter sensors around the grounding electrode, eliminating the need for manual on-site measurement and dynamically sensing real-time changes in grounding performance. Through layered decoupling, it separates the resistivity of the conductive curing layer and the soil contact resistance components. Then, through dynamic correction, it couples soil environmental parameters and material aging correction coefficients, distinguishing between contact resistance anomalies caused by soil environmental changes and material aging. By using deviation comparison processing and multi-level contact resistance threshold state classification, it achieves automatic determination of operating status and graded early warning, enabling the early detection of grounding hazards of varying degrees. Finally, by generating a structured monitoring database through data archiving and performing contact resistance attenuation trend prediction processing based on historical data, it generates targeted operation and maintenance guidance information, forming a closed-loop management system covering the entire lifecycle from data acquisition to operation and maintenance decision-making. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for monitoring soil contact resistance of a carbon fiber composite grounding electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top sectional view of a carbon fiber composite grounding body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of a carbon fiber composite grounding body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the carbon fiber composite grounding body according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the picture: 1. Connecting hole; 2. Multi-point metal mesh core; 3. Conductive curing layer. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are provided to better understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the preferred embodiments described. They do not constitute a limitation on the content and scope of protection of the present invention. Any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention, derived by any person under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0014] Example 1 like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the soil contact resistance of a carbon fiber composite grounding electrode, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Collect electrical signals from multiple monitoring points pre-installed on the conductive solidification layer of the grounding electrode, and collect soil environmental parameters from the surrounding soil to obtain real-time electrical signal datasets and soil environmental parameter datasets. Specifically, one monitoring point can be set at each of the four corners of the conductive solidification layer, numbered P1, P2, P3, and P4, with a spacing of 0.5m between adjacent points. At 0.5m, 1m, and 2m around the grounding electrode, soil resistivity sensors, soil moisture sensors, soil pH sensors, and soil temperature sensors are buried respectively, with a measurement depth of 0.5m, 1m, and 1.5m at each location. Following a 1-hour acquisition cycle, an induced excitation current is fed into the paired monitoring points, and the potential difference between the paired monitoring points is measured. Simultaneously, soil parameter data at the corresponding locations are collected to generate real-time electrical signal datasets and soil environmental parameter datasets.

[0015] Step 2: Perform layered decoupling on the real-time electrical signal dataset to separate the conductive solidification layer body and the soil contact interface, generating the original soil contact resistance component. Specifically, the real-time electrical signal dataset contains two components: the conductive solidification layer body resistance and the soil contact resistance. These need to be separated through layered decoupling. First, perform power frequency harmonic interference removal and timing alignment on the real-time electrical signal dataset to generate a preprocessed electrical signal dataset. Then, construct a two-layer impedance matrix of the conductive solidification layer-soil interface based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset. Rows represent different monitoring point pairings, and columns represent the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidification layer body and the soil contact resistance component. Matrix elements are the impedance values ​​of the corresponding pairings. Finally, perform component separation and decoupling on the two-layer impedance matrix to generate the original soil contact resistance component.

[0016] Step 3: Based on the soil environmental parameter dataset and the pre-stored material aging correction coefficient, the original component of the soil contact resistance is corrected for interfacial conduction characteristics to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance. In practice, soil environmental parameters (resistivity, humidity, pH, temperature) affect the measured value of the soil contact resistance, and material aging leads to changes in the conduction characteristics of the conductive solidification layer at the soil interface; therefore, the original component needs to be corrected. First, the soil environmental parameter dataset is processed to extract correction parameters, generating a comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient. Then, based on the comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient and the material aging correction coefficient, a comprehensive correction coefficient fusion process is performed to generate a comprehensive interfacial conduction characteristic correction coefficient. Finally, based on the comprehensive interfacial conduction characteristic correction coefficient, the original component of the soil contact resistance is corrected for interfacial conduction characteristics to generate the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance.

[0017] Step 4: Perform deviation comparison processing between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the initially calibrated baseline data of soil contact resistance, and combine this with preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds to perform state classification judgment and generate state judgment results. When the judgment result is abnormal, a corresponding early warning signal is generated and sent to the remote monitoring platform. In specific implementation, the baseline data of soil contact resistance is the soil contact resistance value measured under standard conditions during the initial operation of the grounding electrode. First, calculate the absolute value deviation and relative deviation between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data to generate a contact resistance deviation dataset; then compare the contact resistance deviation dataset with the preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds, perform operation state classification judgment processing, and generate intermediate classification judgment results; finally, generate the state judgment result based on the intermediate classification judgment results. If the judgment result is abnormal or severe, generate an early warning signal of the corresponding level and send it to the remote monitoring platform.

[0018] Preferably, the method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes provided by the present invention further includes: Step 5: Archive the real-time soil contact resistance RMS values, status determination results, and early warning signals to generate a monitoring database. Based on the monitoring database, perform trend prediction processing to generate operation and maintenance guidance information. Specifically, first, perform integrity verification, timestamp marking, and classification storage processing on the real-time soil contact resistance RMS values, status determination results, and early warning signals to generate a monitoring database. Then, extract historical monitoring datasets within a preset time span from the monitoring database. Based on the historical monitoring datasets, construct a contact resistance attenuation trend prediction model, perform multi-timescale contact resistance attenuation prediction processing, and generate contact resistance attenuation trend prediction results. Finally, based on the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction results and status determination results, generate operation and maintenance guidance information.

[0019] Based on the above design, this invention enables real-time online monitoring of grounding electrodes deployed in the field by setting monitoring points for the conductive curing layer and soil parameter sensors, continuously acquiring grounding performance data. It can also distinguish resistance anomalies induced by different factors by separating soil contact resistance components through layered decoupling and then comprehensively correcting them by combining multiple soil environmental parameters and material aging correction coefficients. Furthermore, it can generate a monitoring database through data archiving, perform trend prediction based on historical data, and generate operation and maintenance guidance information, achieving proactive operation and maintenance management. Therefore, it can realize online dynamic monitoring of the soil contact resistance of recycled carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes, distinguish resistance anomalies induced by multiple factors, possess hierarchical early warning functions, form a closed-loop management system for operation and maintenance data throughout the entire lifecycle, and improve the reliability and safety of the grounding system operation.

[0020] Optionally, the step of collecting electrical signals from multiple monitoring points pre-set on the conductive curing layer of the grounding electrode and collecting soil environmental parameters from the soil surrounding the grounding electrode to obtain a real-time electrical signal dataset and a soil environmental parameter dataset includes: Step 11: Configure the acquisition parameters of the conductive curing layer monitoring points according to the preset acquisition cycle to form acquisition configuration information; Step 12: Based on the acquisition configuration information, acquire the electrical signals of the monitoring points of the conductive curing layer to obtain a real-time electrical signal dataset; Step 13: Based on the collected configuration information, collect soil environmental parameters of the soil around the grounding body to obtain a soil environmental parameter dataset.

[0021] Based on the above design, this invention can adaptively adjust the sensing excitation adaptation parameters by acquiring the soil environmental parameter dataset from the previous cycle, thereby acquiring effective electrical signal data under different soil environments. This avoids distortion of electrical signal acquisition caused by changes in the soil environment and improves the quality of real-time electrical signal datasets.

[0022] Preferably, the step of configuring the acquisition parameters of the conductive curing layer monitoring points according to a preset acquisition cycle to form acquisition configuration information includes: Step 111: Obtain the soil environmental parameter dataset from the previous period. Specifically, this can be done by extracting the soil environmental parameter dataset from the monitoring database for the previous collection period, including soil resistivity, humidity, pH, and temperature data. For example, extract the soil environmental parameter dataset for June 1, 2026, at 00:00 from the monitoring database: Soil resistivity 100Ω. m, humidity 20%, pH=7, temperature 25℃.

[0023] Step 112: Based on the soil environmental parameter dataset from the previous period, adjust the amplitude and / or frequency of the inductive excitation current to form the acquisition configuration information for the current period; wherein, the acquisition configuration information includes the monitoring period, inductive excitation adaptation parameters, and acquisition timing parameters. In specific implementation, the magnitude of the inductive excitation current can be adjusted according to the soil resistivity data from the previous period. For example, if the soil resistivity is ≤50Ω... At m, the induced excitation current is set to 0.1A; 50Ω m < soil resistivity ≤ 200Ω When m, the inductive excitation current is set to 0.2A; soil resistivity > 200Ω. At time m, the induced excitation current is set to 0.5A. The monitoring period and acquisition timing parameters remain unchanged. The monitoring period refers to the time interval between two acquisitions; the induced excitation adaptation parameters include the magnitude and frequency of the induced excitation current; the acquisition timing parameters refer to the time synchronization relationship between electrical signal acquisition and soil parameter acquisition.

[0024] Based on the above design, this invention adaptively adjusts the induction excitation adaptation parameters using the soil environmental parameter dataset from the previous cycle, enabling the acquisition of effective electrical signal data under different soil conditions. This improves the adaptability and reliability of electrical signal acquisition and avoids signal loss in areas with high soil resistivity due to insufficient induction excitation current.

[0025] Preferably, the step of collecting electrical signals from the monitoring points of the conductive curing layer based on the acquisition configuration information to obtain a real-time electrical signal dataset includes: Step 121: Based on the acquired configuration information, group and pair multiple monitoring points on the conductive curing layer to generate monitoring point pairing information. Specifically, the monitoring points on the conductive curing layer can be grouped and paired according to an adjacent clockwise principle to form multiple measurement loops. Each measurement loop consists of two monitoring points, one as an excitation injection end and the other as a potential measurement end. For example, there are four monitoring points P1, P2, P3, and P4 on the conductive curing layer, arranged clockwise. Adjacent monitoring points are paired to generate monitoring point pairing information: P1-P2, P2-P3, P3-P4, P4-P1.

[0026] Step 122: A weak inductive excitation is obtained by relying on the power frequency inductive coupling of the grounding system. After grouping and pairing, the monitoring points are fed with inductive excitation through connected electrodes according to the pairing information, forming an inductive excitation response field. Specifically, a weak inductive excitation signal can be obtained through inductive coupling using the 50Hz power frequency electromagnetic field existing around the grounding system, without the need for an additional excitation power supply. The inductive excitation signal is sequentially fed into the paired monitoring points, forming an inductive excitation response field in the conductive solidification layer and surrounding soil. For example, if a 50Hz power frequency electromagnetic field exists around the grounding system, an inductive excitation signal with an amplitude of 0.2A can be obtained through inductive coupling. This signal is sequentially fed into the two paired endpoints of P1-P2, P2-P3, P3-P4, and P4-P1, forming an inductive excitation response field in the conductive solidification layer and surrounding soil.

[0027] Step 123: Based on the inductive excitation response field, synchronously collect the potential difference between paired monitoring points to form a real-time electrical signal dataset. Specifically, while the inductive excitation response field exists, simultaneously measure the potential difference between each paired monitoring point, integrate the potential difference data with the corresponding inductive excitation current data to generate a real-time electrical signal dataset. For example, while feeding inductive excitation signals, simultaneously measure the potential difference between P1 and P2 as 0.4V, between P2 and P3 as 0.42V, between P3 and P4 as 0.38V, and between P4 and P1 as 0.4V. Generate a real-time electrical signal dataset containing the aforementioned potential difference data and corresponding inductive excitation current data.

[0028] Based on the above design, this invention can obtain weak inductive excitation by relying on the power frequency inductive coupling of the grounding system, without the need for an additional excitation power supply, simplifying the system structure, reducing the hardware equipment of the monitoring system, improving the reliability and economy of the system, and making it suitable for long-term operation in the field.

[0029] Preferably, the step of collecting soil environmental parameters from the soil surrounding the grounding electrode based on the collected configuration information to obtain a soil environmental parameter dataset includes: Step 131: Collect soil parameters at different depths at multiple pre-set monitoring locations around the grounding electrode to obtain a multi-location, multi-depth soil parameter set. Specifically, soil parameter sensors can be buried at 0.5m, 1m, and 2m around the grounding electrode. Each sensor measures soil resistivity, humidity, pH, and temperature at depths of 0.5m, 1m, and 1.5m, generating a multi-location, multi-depth soil parameter set. For example, burying soil parameter sensors at 0.5m, 1m, and 2m around the grounding electrode yields the following multi-location, multi-depth soil parameter set: 0.5m depth: resistivity 100Ω. m, humidity 20%, pH=7, temperature 25℃; at a depth of 1m at a depth of 0.5m: resistivity 95Ω m, humidity 22%, pH=7, temperature 24℃; at a depth of 1.5m at 0.5m: resistivity 90Ω m, humidity 25%, pH=7, temperature 23℃; at a depth of 0.5m (1m): resistivity 105Ω m, humidity 18%, pH=7, temperature 25℃; at a depth of 1m: resistivity 100Ω m, humidity 20%, pH=7, temperature 24℃; at a depth of 1.5m (1m): resistivity 95Ω m, humidity 22%, pH=7, temperature 23℃; at a depth of 0.5m at 2m: resistivity 110Ω m, humidity 15%, pH=7, temperature 25℃; at a depth of 1m at a depth of 2m: resistivity 105Ω m, humidity 18%, pH=7, temperature 24℃; at a depth of 1.5m at 2m: resistivity 100Ω m, humidity 20%, pH=7, temperature 23℃.

[0030] Step 132: Perform weighted fusion of the multi-location, multi-depth soil parameter set to obtain a soil environmental parameter dataset; wherein, the soil parameters include soil resistivity, soil moisture, soil pH, and soil temperature. In specific implementation, different weighting coefficients can be set according to the degree of influence of different locations and depths on soil contact resistance. Location weight: 0.5m weight 0.5, 1m weight 0.3, 2m weight 0.2; Depth weight: 0.5m weight 0.3, 1m weight 0.4, 1.5m weight 0.3. Perform weighted fusion of the multi-location, multi-depth soil parameter set to generate a soil environmental parameter dataset. For example, performing weighted fusion of the above multi-location, multi-depth soil parameter set yields a soil environmental parameter dataset with a soil resistivity of 98.5Ω. m, humidity 20.1%, pH=7, temperature 24℃. Soil resistivity directly affects the electrical conductivity of the soil; soil moisture affects the ion concentration and conductivity of the soil; soil pH affects the soil corrosivity and the aging rate of the conductive solidification layer; soil temperature affects the soil resistivity and the electrical conductivity of the conductive solidification layer.

[0031] Based on the above design, this invention collects soil parameters at multiple locations and depths and performs weighted fusion processing to obtain a more representative soil environmental parameter dataset, thereby improving the accuracy of soil environmental parameters and providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent interface conduction characteristic correction processing.

[0032] Optionally, the step of performing layered decoupling between the conductive solidification layer body and the soil contact interface on the real-time electrical signal dataset to generate the original component of the soil contact resistance includes: Step 21: Perform power frequency harmonic interference removal and timing processing on the real-time electrical signal dataset to obtain a preprocessed electrical signal dataset; Step 22: Based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset, construct the impedance matrix of the conductive solidified layer-soil interface. Step 23: Perform component separation and decoupling on the impedance matrix of the conductive solidified layer-soil interface to obtain the original components of the soil contact resistance.

[0033] Based on the above design, this invention can accurately separate the original components of soil contact resistance by constructing a two-layer impedance matrix of conductive solidified layer-soil interface and performing component separation and decoupling processing. This eliminates the influence of changes in the bulk resistance of the conductive solidified layer on the soil contact resistance measurement results and improves the accuracy of soil contact resistance measurement.

[0034] Preferably, the step of performing power frequency harmonic interference removal and timing processing on the real-time electrical signal dataset to obtain a preprocessed electrical signal dataset includes: Step 211: Perform digital notch filtering on the real-time electrical signal dataset to filter out power frequency and harmonic interference signals, generating a filtered electrical signal dataset. Specifically, an infinite impulse response (IIR) digital notch filter can be used, with fourth-order notch filters designed at center frequencies of 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz, and 350Hz to filter out the 50Hz power frequency and its 3rd, 5th, and 7th harmonic interference signals, respectively. For example, if the real-time electrical signal dataset contains 50Hz, 150Hz, and 250Hz interference signals, after passing through the aforementioned digital notch filter, the attenuation of these interference signals is greater than 40dB, generating a filtered electrical signal dataset.

[0035] Step 212: Based on preset acquisition timing parameters, perform timing alignment on the filtered electrical signal dataset to obtain a timing-aligned electrical signal dataset. Specifically, according to the acquisition timing parameters in the acquisition configuration information, the potential difference data and induced excitation current data of each paired monitoring point can be aligned to the same timestamp to ensure data synchronization in time. For example, if the preset acquisition timing parameters are synchronous acquisition, the potential difference data and induced excitation current data of the P1-P2 pair in the filtered electrical signal dataset are aligned to the timestamp 2026-06-01 01:00:00. Similarly, other paired data are processed to generate a timing-aligned electrical signal dataset.

[0036] Step 213: Remove outliers from the time-aligned electrical signal dataset to obtain a preprocessed electrical signal dataset. Specifically, the average value μ and standard deviation σ of all potential difference data in the time-aligned electrical signal dataset can be calculated. Data exceeding the range of μ ± 3σ are identified as outliers and removed. For example, the potential difference data in the time-aligned electrical signal dataset are 0.4V, 0.42V, 0.38V, 0.4V, and 10V. The calculated average value μ = 2.32V and standard deviation σ = 4.27V. μ + 3σ = 15.13V, μ - 3σ = -10.49V. 10V is within the μ ± 3σ range and is retained; if there is a data point of 20V, which exceeds the range, this outlier is removed, generating the preprocessed electrical signal dataset.

[0037] Based on the above design, this invention employs digital notch filtering, which can selectively filter out interference signals of specific frequencies while retaining useful electrical signals, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the electrical signals and providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent impedance calculation and component separation.

[0038] Preferably, the step of constructing a two-layer impedance matrix for the conductive solidified layer-soil interface based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset includes: Step 221: Extract the potential difference data and corresponding induced excitation current data of each paired monitoring point from the preprocessed electrical signal dataset. Specifically, the preprocessed electrical signal dataset contains the potential difference data, corresponding induced excitation current data, and acquisition timestamp for each paired monitoring point. All paired data at the same time can be extracted according to the acquisition timestamp. For example, extract the paired data for 01:00:00 on June 1, 2026 from the preprocessed electrical signal dataset: P1-P2 pairing potential difference 0.4V, induced excitation current 0.2A; P2-P3 pairing potential difference 0.42V, induced excitation current 0.2A; P3-P4 pairing potential difference 0.38V, induced excitation current 0.2A; P4-P1 pairing potential difference 0.4V, induced excitation current 0.2A.

[0039] Step 222: Based on the potential difference data and the induced excitation current data, calculate the impedance value of each paired monitoring point. In specific implementation, according to Ohm's law, the impedance value is equal to the potential difference divided by the induced excitation current. For example, the impedance value of P1-P2 pairing = 0.4V / 0.2A = 2Ω; the impedance value of P2-P3 pairing = 0.42V / 0.2A = 2.1Ω; the impedance value of P3-P4 pairing = 0.38V / 0.2A = 1.9Ω; the impedance value of P4-P1 pairing = 0.4V / 0.2A = 2Ω.

[0040] Step 223: Construct a two-layer impedance matrix for the conductive solidification layer-soil interface based on the impedance values ​​of each paired monitoring point. Specifically, the conductive solidification layer itself can be considered equivalent to the first impedance component, and the soil contact interface equivalent to the second impedance component. Based on the impedance values ​​of each paired monitoring point, establish a system of linear equations containing two unknowns. Convert the linear equations into a matrix form, where the number of rows corresponds to the number of paired monitoring points, and the number of columns corresponds to the number of impedance components. Fill in the matrix elements; the first column contains the coefficients of the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidification layer itself, the second column contains the coefficients of the soil contact resistance component, and the right side of the matrix contains the total impedance characteristic data of each paired monitoring point. Solve the matrix using the least squares method to obtain the initial structure of the two-layer impedance matrix. Normalize the two-layer impedance matrix to eliminate the influence of dimensional differences on component separation, generating the two-layer impedance matrix for the conductive solidification layer-soil interface.

[0041] Based on the above design, this invention constructs a two-layer impedance matrix, which can decompose the total impedance into the equivalent resistance component of the conductive curing layer and the soil contact resistance component, providing a basis for subsequent component separation. This achieves a refined decomposition of the total impedance and enables accurate evaluation of the performance status of the conductive curing layer and the soil contact interface.

[0042] Preferably, the step of component separation and decoupling of the impedance matrices of the conductive solidified layer and the soil interface to obtain the original components of the soil contact resistance includes: Step 231: Extract the equivalent circuit components from the impedance matrices of the conductive solidified layer and soil interface to obtain the equivalent resistance components of the conductive solidified layer. Specifically, for example, principal component analysis can be used to extract eigenvalues ​​from the first column of the two impedance matrices. The eigenvalue corresponding to the first principal component is the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidified layer. For example, if the first column of the two impedance matrices contains elements of 2.0Ω, 2.1Ω, 1.9Ω, and 2.0Ω, extracting the first principal component using principal component analysis yields an eigenvalue of 1.2Ω, which is the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidified layer.

[0043] Step 232: Extract the total impedance features from the impedance matrices of the conductive solidified layer and soil interface to obtain total impedance feature data. Specifically, the average value of all impedance values ​​in the two impedance matrices can be calculated; this average value is the total impedance feature data. For example, if the impedance values ​​in the two impedance matrices are 2.0Ω, 2.1Ω, 1.9Ω, and 2.0Ω, the calculated average value yields a total impedance feature data of 2.0Ω.

[0044] Step 233: Based on the total impedance characteristic data and the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidified layer, calculate the difference to obtain the original component of the soil contact resistance. Specifically, the total impedance equals the sum of the resistance of the conductive solidified layer and the soil contact resistance; therefore, the original component of the soil contact resistance equals the total impedance characteristic data minus the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidified layer. For example, if the total impedance characteristic data is 2.0Ω and the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidified layer is 1.2Ω, the difference calculation yields an original component of 0.8Ω for the soil contact resistance.

[0045] Based on the above design, this invention can accurately separate the original components of soil contact resistance through feature value extraction and difference calculation, and can independently evaluate the performance status of the soil contact interface, and promptly detect problems such as poor soil contact.

[0046] Optionally, the step of correcting the original component of the soil contact resistance based on the soil environmental parameter dataset and pre-stored material aging correction coefficients to obtain a real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance includes: Step 31: Extract correction parameters from the soil environmental parameter dataset to obtain the comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient; Step 32: Based on the comprehensive correction coefficient of the soil environment and the correction coefficient of the material aging, perform comprehensive correction coefficient fusion to obtain the comprehensive correction coefficient of the interfacial conduction properties; Step 33: Based on the comprehensive correction coefficient of the interface conduction characteristics, the original component of the soil contact resistance is corrected for interface conduction characteristics to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance.

[0047] Based on the above design, this invention can achieve comprehensive correction of soil contact resistance by integrating the soil environment comprehensive correction coefficient and the material aging correction coefficient, thereby improving the accuracy of soil contact resistance measurement results and truly reflecting the actual operating status of the grounding electrode.

[0048] Preferably, the step of extracting correction parameters from the soil environmental parameter dataset to obtain the comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient includes: Step 311: Extract soil resistivity data, soil moisture data, soil pH data, and soil temperature data from the soil environmental parameter dataset. In practice, the soil environmental parameter dataset contains weighted and fused soil resistivity, moisture, pH, and temperature data; these data can be extracted directly. For example, the soil resistivity data extracted from the soil environmental parameter dataset is 98.5Ω. m, soil moisture content is 20.1%, soil pH is 7, and soil temperature is 24℃.

[0049] Step 312: Calculate individual correction coefficients for the soil resistivity data, soil moisture data, soil pH data, and soil temperature data respectively to obtain the soil resistivity correction coefficient, soil moisture correction coefficient, soil pH correction coefficient, and soil temperature correction coefficient; in specific implementation, the soil resistivity under standard conditions is 100Ω. The soil surface is m, with a moisture content of 25%, a pH of 7, and a temperature of 20℃. Based on the relationship curves between each soil parameter and soil contact resistance, individual correction coefficients are calculated: Soil resistivity correction coefficient = standard soil resistivity / current soil resistivity; Soil moisture correction coefficient = standard soil moisture / current soil moisture (higher soil moisture content results in better soil conductivity and lower moisture correction coefficients); Soil pH correction coefficient = 1.0 (when pH = 6-8); Soil temperature correction coefficient = 1.0 (when temperature is 15-25℃). For example, the current soil resistivity is 98.5Ω. m, soil resistivity correction coefficient = 100 / 98.5≈1.0; current soil moisture is 20.1%, soil moisture correction coefficient = 25 / 20.1≈1.244; current soil pH is 7, soil pH correction coefficient = 1.0; current soil temperature is 24℃, soil temperature correction coefficient = 1.0.

[0050] Step 313: Weight and fuse the soil resistivity correction coefficient, soil moisture correction coefficient, soil pH correction coefficient, and soil temperature correction coefficient to obtain the comprehensive soil environment correction coefficient.

[0051] The comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient is calculated based on the following formula:

[0052] In the formula, This represents the comprehensive correction coefficient for the soil environment; This represents the soil resistivity correction factor; Indicates the soil moisture correction factor; This represents the soil pH correction factor; This represents the soil temperature correction factor; The preset weighting coefficient represents the soil resistivity correction coefficient; The preset weighting coefficient represents the soil moisture correction factor; The preset weighting coefficient represents the soil pH correction coefficient; The preset weighting coefficient represents the soil temperature correction factor; The preset weighting coefficients represent the interaction term between soil resistivity and soil moisture. This represents the preset weighting coefficients for the interaction term between soil moisture and temperature. In the formula, the first four terms are the weighted sum of the correction coefficients for each individual term, reflecting the influence of a single soil parameter on contact resistance; the last two terms are the interaction terms between parameters, reflecting the mutual influence between different parameters. For example, changes in soil moisture affect the magnitude of soil resistivity, therefore, an interaction term between soil resistivity and soil moisture needs to be added for correction.

[0053] In practical implementation, weighting coefficients can be set according to the degree of influence of each soil parameter on soil contact resistance: for example, soil resistivity correction coefficient weight 0.3, soil moisture correction coefficient weight 0.4, soil pH correction coefficient weight 0.15, and soil temperature correction coefficient weight 0.1; interaction term weights: soil resistivity and soil moisture interaction term weight 0.03, and soil moisture and temperature interaction term weight 0.02. The individual correction coefficients are multiplied by their corresponding weights and then summed, plus the contribution of the interaction terms, to obtain the comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient. Substituting the above individual correction coefficients and weighting coefficients, the comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient is calculated as 0.3×1+0.4×1.244+0.15×1+0.1×1+0.03×1×1.244+0.02×1.244×1=1.1098.

[0054] Based on the above design, this invention calculates individual correction coefficients for multiple soil parameters and performs weighted fusion, while also considering the interactions between parameters. This allows for a more accurate reflection of the influence of the soil environment on contact resistance, thereby improving the accuracy of soil environment correction and providing a reliable foundation for subsequent comprehensive correction. The formula of this invention incorporates interaction terms between soil resistivity and soil moisture, and between soil moisture and temperature, which more accurately reflects the comprehensive impact of the soil environment on contact resistance. This improves the accuracy of the calculation of the comprehensive soil environment correction coefficient, and consequently, enhances the accuracy of the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance.

[0055] Preferably, the step of fusing the comprehensive correction coefficients based on the soil environment comprehensive correction coefficient and the material aging correction coefficient to obtain the comprehensive correction coefficient for interfacial conductivity includes: Step 321: Obtain the pre-stored material aging correction coefficient. In practice, the material aging correction coefficient is obtained through accelerated aging tests, reflecting the degree of aging of the conductive cured layer over time under standard conditions. The pre-stored material aging correction coefficient is stored in the monitoring system's memory and updated according to the commissioning time of the grounding electrode. For example, if the grounding electrode has been in operation for one year, the material aging baseline correction coefficient under standard conditions obtained through accelerated aging tests is 1.1.

[0056] Step 322: Based on the comprehensive soil environment correction coefficient, dynamically calibrate the material aging correction coefficient to obtain the calibrated material aging correction coefficient. In practice, the soil environment affects the aging rate of the conductive solidification layer; acidic soil accelerates the aging of the conductive solidification layer. Calculate the environmental aging acceleration coefficient based on soil pH data: when pH < 6, the environmental aging acceleration coefficient = 1.2 + (6 - pH) × 0.1; when pH = 6-8, the environmental aging acceleration coefficient = 1.0; when pH > 8, the environmental aging acceleration coefficient = 1.1 + (pH - 8) × 0.05. The calibrated material aging correction coefficient = material aging baseline correction coefficient × environmental aging acceleration coefficient. For example, if the current soil pH is 7 and the environmental aging acceleration coefficient is 1.0, the calibrated material aging correction coefficient = 1.1 × 1.0 = 1.1.

[0057] Step 323: Multiply and fuse the soil environment comprehensive correction coefficient and the calibrated material aging correction coefficient to obtain the interfacial conductivity comprehensive correction coefficient. In practice, the interfacial conductivity comprehensive correction coefficient is equal to the product of the soil environment comprehensive correction coefficient and the calibrated material aging correction coefficient, which comprehensively reflects the influence of soil environment and material aging on interfacial conductivity. For example, if the soil environment comprehensive correction coefficient is 1.1098 and the calibrated material aging correction coefficient is 1.1, the product fusion yields an interfacial conductivity comprehensive correction coefficient of 1.1098 × 1.1 = 1.2208.

[0058] Based on the above design, this invention dynamically calibrates the material aging correction coefficient by using a comprehensive soil environment correction coefficient, which can more accurately reflect the degree of material aging under actual operating conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the comprehensive correction coefficient of interface conductivity and thus improving the accuracy of the real-time soil contact resistance effective value.

[0059] Preferably, the comprehensive correction coefficient for interface conduction characteristics is calculated based on the following formula:

[0060] In the formula, This represents the comprehensive correction coefficient for interface conduction characteristics; This represents the comprehensive correction coefficient for the soil environment; This represents the material aging baseline correction factor under standard conditions; This indicates the environmental aging acceleration factor.

[0061] Based on the above design, the changes in interface conduction characteristics under actual operating conditions can be reflected more accurately, thereby improving the calculation accuracy of the comprehensive correction coefficient of interface conduction characteristics and thus improving the accuracy of the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance.

[0062] Preferably, the step of correcting the original component of the soil contact resistance based on the comprehensive correction coefficient of the interfacial conduction characteristics to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance includes: Step 331: Based on the comprehensive correction coefficient for interface conductivity characteristics, construct a correction mapping relationship for interface conductivity characteristics. Specifically, the correction mapping relationship is a linear mapping relationship, meaning the corrected soil contact resistance data equals the original component of the soil contact resistance multiplied by the comprehensive correction coefficient for interface conductivity characteristics. For example, if the comprehensive correction coefficient for interface conductivity characteristics is 1.2208, the constructed correction mapping relationship is: R_corrected = R_raw × 1.2208, where R_raw is the original component of the soil contact resistance, and R_corrected is the corrected soil contact resistance data.

[0063] Step 332: Based on the interface conduction characteristics, correct the mapping relationship and perform a mapping transformation on the original components of the soil contact resistance to obtain corrected soil contact resistance data. In specific implementation, the original components of the soil contact resistance can be substituted into the corrected mapping relationship to calculate the corrected soil contact resistance data. For example, if the original component of the soil contact resistance is 0.8Ω, substituting it into the corrected mapping relationship yields the corrected soil contact resistance data as 0.8Ω × 1.2208 = 0.9766Ω.

[0064] Step 333: Standardize the dimensions of the corrected soil contact resistance data to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance. In practice, the dimensions of the corrected soil contact resistance data can be unified to ohms (Ω) and three decimal places can be retained to generate the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance.

[0065] Based on the above design, this invention, through dimensional standardization, can ensure the uniformity of the dimensions and the consistency of the data format of the effective value of real-time soil contact resistance, thereby improving the standardization and comparability of monitoring data and facilitating subsequent data analysis and processing.

[0066] Optionally, the step of performing deviation comparison processing on the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the initially calibrated baseline data of soil contact resistance, and combining it with preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds to perform state classification judgment, and generating state judgment results, includes: Step 41: Calculate the deviation between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance to obtain a contact resistance deviation dataset; Step 42: Based on the contact resistance deviation dataset and the preset multi-level contact resistance threshold, perform a graded determination of the operating status and generate intermediate results of the graded determination; Step 43: Generate the state determination result based on the intermediate results of the hierarchical determination.

[0067] Based on the above design, this invention uses multi-level contact resistance thresholds for state classification and determination, which can more accurately assess the operating status of the grounding electrode, detect early anomalies of the grounding electrode in a timely manner, and provide more accurate status information for operation and maintenance personnel.

[0068] Preferably, the step of calculating the deviation between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance to obtain a contact resistance deviation dataset includes: Step 411: Calculate the absolute value deviation between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance to obtain the absolute value deviation data of contact resistance. Specifically, the absolute value deviation is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance. For example, if the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance is 0.836Ω and the baseline data of soil contact resistance is 0.8Ω, the absolute value deviation = |0.836 - 0.8| = 0.036Ω, and the generated absolute value deviation data of contact resistance is 0.036Ω.

[0069] Step 412: Calculate the relative deviation between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance to obtain the relative deviation data of contact resistance. Specifically, the relative deviation is equal to the difference between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance, divided by the baseline data of soil contact resistance, and then multiplied by 100%. For example, if the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance is 0.836Ω and the baseline data of soil contact resistance is 0.8Ω, the relative deviation is (0.836-0.8) / 0.8×100%=4.5%, resulting in a relative deviation data of 4.5% for contact resistance.

[0070] Step 413: Integrate the absolute value deviation data and the relative deviation data of the contact resistance to obtain a contact resistance deviation dataset. In practice, the absolute value deviation data and the relative deviation data of the contact resistance can be integrated together to form a contact resistance deviation dataset containing both types of deviation data. For example, integrating the absolute value deviation data of 0.036Ω and the relative deviation data of 4.5% generates a contact resistance deviation dataset: {"Absolute value deviation":0.036Ω,"Relative deviation":4.5%}.

[0071] Based on the above design, this invention simultaneously calculates absolute and relative deviations, enabling a more comprehensive assessment of changes in contact resistance. This improves the comprehensiveness of deviation assessment and provides more sufficient data support for subsequent state classification.

[0072] Preferably, the step of determining the operational status classification based on the contact resistance deviation dataset and preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds, and generating intermediate classification results, includes: Step 421: Based on the contact resistance deviation dataset, perform a preliminary classification of the deviation level and generate a preliminary deviation level result. Specifically, the deviation level can be initially classified according to the relative deviation data of the contact resistance. A relative deviation ≤ 5% is initially classified as normal; 5% < relative deviation ≤ 10% is initially classified as "attention"; 10% < relative deviation ≤ 20% is initially classified as "abnormal"; and a relative deviation > 20% is initially classified as "serious". For example, if the relative deviation data of the contact resistance is 4.5%, it is initially classified as normal, and the generated preliminary deviation level result is "normal".

[0073] Step 422: Match the preliminary deviation level result with the preset multi-level contact resistance threshold to generate a threshold matching verification result. In practice, the preliminary deviation level result can be compared with the preset multi-level contact resistance threshold to verify whether the preliminary division is correct. If the preliminary division level is consistent with the threshold range, the matching verification result is "matched"; otherwise, it is "not matched". For example, in the preset multi-level contact resistance threshold, the relative deviation range of the normal level is ≤5%, the preliminary deviation level result is normal, which matches the threshold, so the threshold matching verification result is "matched".

[0074] Step 423: Generate intermediate results for grading determination based on the threshold matching verification results. In specific implementation, if the threshold matching verification result is "matched", the preliminary deviation level result is used as the intermediate result for grading determination; if it does not match, the deviation level is re-divided.

[0075] Based on the above design, this invention can ensure the accuracy of the classification judgment result through threshold matching verification, thereby improving the reliability of state classification judgment and avoiding misjudgment caused by data anomalies.

[0076] Preferably, generating a state determination result based on the intermediate results of the hierarchical determination includes: Step 431: Obtain the pre-stored operation status mapping table; In specific implementation, the operation status mapping table stores the correspondence between intermediate results of hierarchical judgment and final status judgment results, and is pre-stored in the memory of the monitoring system. For example, the pre-stored operation status mapping table is: {"Normal":"Grounding electrode operation status is normal","Caution":"Grounding electrode operation status is caution","Abnormal":"Grounding electrode operation status is abnormal","Severe":"Grounding electrode operation status is severe"}.

[0077] Step 432: Map and match the intermediate results of the graded judgment with the operation status mapping table to generate a matching result. In specific implementation, the intermediate results of the graded judgment can be used as keywords to find the corresponding final status judgment result in the operation status mapping table. For example, if the intermediate result of the graded judgment is "normal", the corresponding result found in the operation status mapping table is "grounding electrode operation status normal", and the generated matching result is "grounding electrode operation status normal".

[0078] Step 433: Generate a status determination result based on the matching result. For example, if the matching result is "grounding electrode operating status is normal", then the generated status determination result is "grounding electrode operating status is normal".

[0079] Based on the above design, this invention performs mapping and matching processing through a running status mapping relationship table, which can generate more standardized and easier-to-understand status judgment results, thereby improving the standardization and readability of the status judgment results and making it easier for operation and maintenance personnel to understand and process them.

[0080] Optionally, the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance, state determination results, and early warning signals are archived to generate a monitoring database, and trend prediction processing is performed based on the monitoring database to generate operation and maintenance guidance information, including: Step 51: Archive, preprocess, classify, and store the real-time soil contact resistance RMS value, state determination result, and early warning signal to form a monitoring database; Step 52: Extract historical monitoring datasets within a preset time span from the monitoring database. In practice, the preset time span can be determined based on operation and maintenance needs, such as 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, or 1 year. All real-time effective values ​​of soil contact resistance, status determination results, and early warning signals within this time span can be extracted from the monitoring database. For example, if the preset time span is 6 months, all monitoring data from January 1, 2026 to June 1, 2026 can be extracted from the monitoring database to generate a historical monitoring dataset.

[0081] Step 53: Based on the historical monitoring dataset, predict the contact resistance attenuation trend and generate the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result; Step 54: Based on the predicted contact resistance attenuation trend and the status determination results, generate operation and maintenance guidance information.

[0082] Based on the above design, this invention can predict the attenuation trend of contact resistance by constructing a trend prediction model and generate operation and maintenance guidance information, thereby realizing proactive control of grounding operation and maintenance. It can detect potential hidden dangers of grounding bodies in advance, guide operation and maintenance personnel to take timely measures, and improve the reliability of grounding system operation.

[0083] Preferably, the archiving, preprocessing, and classification storage of the real-time soil contact resistance RMS value, state determination result, and early warning signal to form a monitoring database includes: Step 511: Perform data integrity verification on the real-time soil contact resistance RMS value, status determination result, and early warning signal to obtain a verified dataset. In practice, check whether the real-time soil contact resistance RMS value, status determination result, and early warning signal are missing or abnormal. If the data is complete and without abnormalities, the verification passes; otherwise, the data is removed. For example, the real-time soil contact resistance RMS value at 01:00:00 on June 1, 2026 is 0.836Ω, the status determination result is "grounding electrode operating normally," there is no early warning signal, the data is complete and without abnormalities, the verification passes, and it is added to the verified dataset.

[0084] Step 512: Add a unified timestamp to the verified dataset to obtain a timestamped monitoring dataset. Specifically, a unified collection timestamp can be added to each data point in the verified dataset, with the timestamp format "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS". For example, adding the timestamp 2026-06-01 01:00:00 to the verified data generates a timestamped monitoring dataset.

[0085] Step 513: Perform classification processing on the timestamped monitoring dataset according to the monitoring period and anomaly level to generate a classified monitoring dataset. In specific implementation, the timestamped monitoring dataset can be classified according to the monitoring period (e.g., 1 hour, 2 hours) and the anomaly level (e.g., normal, attention, abnormal, severe). For example, if the monitoring period of the above data is 1 hour and the anomaly level is normal, it can be classified into the "1-hour period - normal" category to generate a classified monitoring dataset.

[0086] Step 514: The categorized monitoring dataset is stored in a structured format to obtain a monitoring database. Specifically, the categorized monitoring dataset can be stored in a MySQL database in a structured manner. The table structure includes fields such as timestamp, real-time effective value of soil contact resistance, status determination result, early warning signal, monitoring cycle, and anomaly level. For example, the categorized monitoring dataset can be stored in the `grounding_monitor` table of the MySQL database to generate the monitoring database.

[0087] Based on the above design, this invention can classify and store monitoring data according to monitoring cycle and anomaly level through structured storage processing, thereby improving the efficiency of data query and analysis, improving the management efficiency of monitoring data, and providing a convenient data access method for subsequent trend prediction and operation and maintenance guidance.

[0088] Preferably, the step of predicting the contact resistance attenuation trend based on the historical monitoring dataset and generating a contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result includes: Step 531: Extract the historical real-time effective value sequence of soil contact resistance from the historical monitoring dataset to generate a contact resistance time series dataset. Specifically, all real-time effective values ​​of soil contact resistance can be extracted from the historical monitoring dataset in chronological order to form time series data, with a time interval of one day. For example, from the historical monitoring dataset from January 1, 2026 to June 1, 2026, the average real-time effective value of soil contact resistance for each day can be extracted in chronological order to generate a contact resistance time series dataset.

[0089] Step 532: Based on the contact resistance time series dataset, construct a contact resistance attenuation trend prediction model. In specific implementation, the least squares method can be used to fit a linear regression model. The input of the model is the number of days, and the output is the effective value of the contact resistance. For example, based on the above contact resistance time series dataset, the fitted linear regression model is: y = 0.8 + 0.001x, where x is the number of days and y is the effective value of the contact resistance.

[0090] Step 533: Based on the soil environmental parameter dataset in the historical monitoring dataset, calibrate the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction model using environmental factors to obtain a calibrated attenuation trend prediction model. Specifically, the ratio of the average soil moisture in the historical monitoring dataset to the standard soil moisture can be calculated. This ratio is used as the environmental factor calibration coefficient and multiplied by the model's slope to obtain the calibrated attenuation trend prediction model. For example, if the average soil moisture in the historical monitoring dataset is 20% and the standard soil moisture is 25%, the environmental factor calibration coefficient is 25 / 20 = 1.2. Adjust the model slope to 0.001 × 1.2 = 0.0012 to generate the calibrated attenuation trend prediction model: y = 0.8 + 0.0012x.

[0091] Step 534: Based on the calibrated attenuation trend prediction model, perform multi-time-scale contact resistance attenuation prediction to generate contact resistance attenuation trend prediction results. Specifically, the effective contact resistance values ​​for the next 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year can be predicted separately to generate multi-time-scale prediction results. For example, based on the calibrated attenuation trend prediction model, the predicted effective contact resistance value for the next 1 month is 0.836Ω, for the next 3 months it is 0.908Ω, for the next 6 months it is 1.016Ω, and for the next year it is 1.238Ω. The generated contact resistance attenuation trend prediction results are: "Contact resistance for the next 1 month is 0.836Ω, for the next 3 months it is 0.908Ω, for the next 6 months it is 1.016Ω, and for the next year it is 1.238Ω."

[0092] Based on the above design, this invention can calibrate the prediction model using environmental factors through a soil environmental parameter dataset, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction results and more accurately predicting the attenuation trend of contact resistance, providing a more reliable basis for operation and maintenance decisions.

[0093] Preferably, the step of generating maintenance guidance information based on the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result and the state determination result includes: Step 541: Obtain the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result and the state determination result; in specific implementation, the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result can be obtained from the trend prediction module, and the current state determination result can be obtained from the state determination module. For example, the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result is "the contact resistance will rise to 1.016Ω in the next 6 months", and the current state determination result is "the grounding body is operating normally".

[0094] Step 542: Based on the predicted contact resistance attenuation trend, classify the urgency of maintenance and generate maintenance priority results. Specifically, the urgency can be classified according to the relative deviation of the contact resistance over the next 6 months: a relative deviation ≤ 10% is low priority, 10% < relative deviation ≤ 20% is medium priority, and a relative deviation > 20% is high priority. For example, if the baseline soil contact resistance is 0.8Ω and the contact resistance over the next 6 months is 1.016Ω, the relative deviation is 27%, which is greater than 20%. Therefore, the maintenance urgency is high priority, and the generated maintenance priority result is "high priority".

[0095] Step 543: Based on the maintenance priority result and the status determination result, perform maintenance measure matching to generate a set of matching maintenance measures. In specific implementation, corresponding maintenance measures can be matched from a pre-stored maintenance measure library. The maintenance measure library stores recommended measures for different maintenance priorities and statuses. For example, the maintenance priority result is "high priority," and the status determination result is "grounding electrode operating normally." The corresponding maintenance measures matched from the maintenance measure library are: "1. Immediately arrange on-site retesting to measure the actual grounding resistance of the grounding electrode; 2. Check whether the soil around the grounding electrode has settled, loosened, or eroded; 3. If the soil has settled or loosened, compact the soil; 4. If the grounding resistance exceeds the standard, consider adding resistance-reducing materials." The generated set of matching maintenance measures includes the above four measures.

[0096] Step 544: Structure the set of matching maintenance measures to generate maintenance guidance information. In practice, the set of matching maintenance measures can be structured according to the execution order to generate clear and easy-to-execute maintenance guidance information. For example, the maintenance guidance information generated by structuring the above four maintenance measures according to the execution order is as follows: "Maintenance Guidance: 1. Immediately arrange on-site retesting to measure the actual grounding resistance of the grounding electrode; 2. Check whether the soil around the grounding electrode has settled, loosened, or lost; 3. If the soil has settled or loosened, compact the soil; 4. If the grounding resistance exceeds the standard, consider adding resistance-reducing materials."

[0097] Based on the above design, this invention can generate specific and executable operation and maintenance guidance information by matching and structuring a set of operation and maintenance measures. This information can guide operation and maintenance personnel to take the correct measures in a timely manner, thereby improving operation and maintenance efficiency and effectiveness.

[0098] Example 2 Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a soil contact resistance monitoring system for carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes, comprising: The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the monitoring points of the conductive solidified layer on the surface of the carbon fiber composite grounding body, and is also communicatively connected to the soil parameter sensors pre-set around the grounding body. It is used to acquire electrical signals from multiple monitoring points pre-set on the conductive solidified layer of the grounding body, and to acquire soil environmental parameters from the soil around the grounding body, so as to obtain real-time electrical signal datasets and soil environmental parameter datasets. The layered decoupling module is communicatively connected to the data acquisition module and is used to perform layered decoupling between the conductive solidification layer body and the soil contact interface on the real-time electrical signal dataset to generate the original component of soil contact resistance. The dynamic correction module is communicatively connected to the hierarchical decoupling module and the data acquisition module, respectively. It is used to correct the interface conduction characteristics of the original component of the soil contact resistance based on the soil environmental parameter dataset and the pre-stored material aging correction coefficient, so as to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance. The status determination and early warning module is communicatively connected to the dynamic correction module. It is used to perform deviation comparison processing between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the initially calibrated baseline data of soil contact resistance, and to perform status classification determination in combination with preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds to generate status determination results. When the determination result is abnormal, a corresponding early warning signal is generated and sent to the remote monitoring platform. The data management and operation and maintenance guidance module is communicatively connected to the dynamic correction module and the status determination and early warning module, respectively. It is used to perform archiving processing on the real-time soil contact resistance effective value, status determination result and early warning signal, generate a monitoring database, and perform trend prediction processing based on the monitoring database to generate operation and maintenance guidance information.

[0099] In practical implementation, the data acquisition module may include an electrical signal acquisition unit and a soil parameter acquisition unit. The electrical signal acquisition unit is electrically connected to four monitoring points P1, P2, P3, and P4 on the conductive curing layer via copper core wires, acquiring potential difference data and induced excitation current data between the paired monitoring points. The soil parameter acquisition unit can connect wirelessly to soil parameter sensors located 0.5m, 1m, and 2m around the grounding electrode, acquiring soil resistivity, humidity, pH, and temperature data at different depths. The data acquisition module integrates the acquired electrical signal data and soil parameter data to generate a real-time electrical signal dataset and a soil environmental parameter dataset, which are then sent to the hierarchical decoupling module and the dynamic correction module.

[0100] The layered decoupling module receives the real-time electrical signal dataset sent by the data acquisition module. It first filters out power frequency and harmonic interference using a digital notch filter, then performs timing alignment and outlier removal to generate a preprocessed electrical signal dataset. Next, it constructs a two-layer impedance matrix at the conductive solidification layer-soil interface. Principal component analysis is used to extract the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidification layer. The difference between the total impedance characteristic data and the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidification layer is calculated to generate the original soil contact resistance component, which is then sent to the dynamic correction module.

[0101] The dynamic correction module can receive the original soil contact resistance component sent by the hierarchical decoupling module and the soil environmental parameter dataset sent by the data acquisition module, calculate the comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient, fuse the material aging correction coefficient to obtain the comprehensive interface conduction characteristic correction coefficient, then correct the original soil contact resistance component, generate the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance, and send it to the status judgment and early warning module and the data management and operation and maintenance guidance module.

[0102] The status determination and early warning module receives the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance from the dynamic correction module, calculates the deviation from the baseline data, and performs status classification based on multi-level thresholds. If the determination result is abnormal or severe, a corresponding early warning signal is generated and sent to the remote monitoring platform via wireless communication. Simultaneously, the status determination result and early warning signal are sent to the data management and operation and maintenance guidance module.

[0103] The data management and operation and maintenance guidance module can receive the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance from the dynamic correction module and the status judgment results and early warning signals from the status judgment and early warning module. It performs integrity verification, timestamp marking, and categorized storage to generate a monitoring database. Then, it extracts historical data from the database, constructs a trend prediction model to predict the attenuation trend of contact resistance, generates operation and maintenance guidance information, and sends it to the remote monitoring platform.

[0104] Based on the above design, this invention separates the soil contact resistance component through a layered decoupling module, performs comprehensive correction through a dynamic correction module, and provides trend prediction and operation and maintenance guidance through a data management and operation and maintenance guidance module. The functions are more complete, which can improve the functional integrity and intelligence level of the monitoring system and provide comprehensive and accurate support for the operation and maintenance of the grounding system.

[0105] Optionally, the monitoring points of the conductive curing layer are set on the conductive curing layer 3 of the carbon fiber composite grounding body. The conductive curing layer 3 is formed by composite curing of recycled carbon fiber, recycled aggregate, geopolymer cementitious material, silica fume and water-soluble conductive liquid, and is wrapped on the outer surface of the multi-point metal mesh electrode core 2. A connection hole 1 is provided in the middle of the multi-point metal mesh electrode core 2, and the connection hole 1 is used to connect the grounding main material.

[0106] Based on the above design, the conductive curing layer 3 of the present invention is formed by composite curing of recycled carbon fiber, recycled aggregate, geopolymer cementitious material, etc., and is wrapped on the outer surface of the multi-point metal mesh core 2. It has high conductivity, strong corrosion resistance and good soil adhesion, which can improve the corrosion resistance of the grounding body and the contact density with the soil, reduce the contact resistance and extend the service life of the grounding body.

[0107] Preferably, the conductive cured layer comprises the following components by mass fraction: The composition consists of 1%–10% recycled carbon fiber, 15%–45% recycled aggregate, 3%–5% silica fume, 10%–20% geopolymer cementitious material, 1%–5% water-soluble conductive liquid, and the remainder is water.

[0108] In specific implementation, the preparation process of the carbon fiber composite grounding electrode of the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, for example: (1) Raw materials for recycled carbon fiber composite tip metal mesh grounding electrode: 1% to 10% recycled carbon fiber, 15% to 45% recycled aggregate, 3% to 5% silica fume, and 10% to 20% geopolymer cementitious material. Mix the above materials together and stir for 20 minutes.

[0109] (2) Transfer the mixed raw materials into a mixer for secondary mixing. During mixing, add 1% to 5% water-soluble conductive liquid and tap water that meets drinking water standards. Mix for 30 minutes to form a wet slurry.

[0110] (3) In accordance with the requirements of the national standard "Code for Grounding Design of AC Electrical Installations" (GB / T 50065-2011), a multi-point metal mesh is processed and manufactured, and the main material connection points are welded together to form the pole core.

[0111] (4) Molding methods: The first method involves pressing the multi-pointed metal mesh, the main material connection point core, and the mixed wet slurry into a press for molding; the second method involves molding the product on a high-frequency vibrating table equipped with vacuum. After pressing and vibration, the product undergoes high-temperature wet rapid curing. By simply changing the molds of different sizes and models, various sizes and thicknesses of recycled carbon fiber composite pointed metal mesh grounding products can be produced.

[0112] Recycled carbon fibers in the conductive cured layer possess high conductivity and corrosion resistance, forming a continuous conductive network within the layer and reducing its bulk resistance. If the mass fraction of recycled carbon fibers is too low, an effective conductive network cannot be formed, resulting in high resistance; if the mass fraction is too high, it affects the mechanical strength and molding performance of the layer. Therefore, the mass fraction of recycled carbon fibers is controlled between 1% and 10%. Recycled aggregates, processed from crushed waste concrete and bricks, improve the mechanical strength and volume stability of the conductive cured layer while reducing production costs. If the mass fraction of recycled aggregates is too low, the mechanical strength of the conductive cured layer is insufficient; if the mass fraction is too high, it affects its conductivity. Therefore, the mass fraction of recycled aggregates is controlled between 15% and 45%. Silica fume, an ultrafine powder material, fills the pores within the conductive cured layer, improving density and impermeability. It also promotes the hydration reaction of the geopolymer cementitious material, enhancing the early strength of the conductive cured layer. If the mass fraction of silica fume is too low, the filling effect is insignificant; if the mass fraction is too high, it increases the brittleness of the conductive cured layer. Therefore, the mass fraction of silica fume is controlled between 3% and 5%. Geopolymer cementitious materials have high polymerization degree and corrosion resistance, enabling them to bond recycled carbon fibers, recycled aggregates, and silica fume together to form a strong whole. If the mass fraction of geopolymer cementitious materials is too low, the bonding strength is insufficient, and the conductive cured layer is prone to cracking; if the mass fraction is too high, it increases production costs and affects conductivity. Therefore, the mass fraction of geopolymer cementitious materials is controlled between 10% and 20%. Water-soluble conductive liquid can improve the ionic conductivity of the conductive cured layer, further reducing its bulk resistance. If the mass fraction of water-soluble conductive liquid is too low, the conductivity effect is not obvious; if the mass fraction is too high, it affects the curing performance and long-term stability of the conductive cured layer. Therefore, the mass fraction of water-soluble conductive liquid is controlled between 1% and 5%.

[0113] Based on the above design, the use of recycled materials in this invention can reduce product costs, reduce solid waste pollution to the environment, meet the requirements of low-carbon and environmentally friendly development, and the optimized component ratio makes the conductive curing layer have low resistivity, high compressive strength, good corrosion resistance and soil adhesion.

[0114] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Electrical signals were collected from multiple monitoring points pre-installed on the conductive curing layer of the grounding electrode, and soil environmental parameters were collected from the soil around the grounding electrode to obtain real-time electrical signal datasets and soil environmental parameter datasets. The real-time electrical signal dataset is subjected to layered decoupling between the conductive solidification layer body and the soil contact interface to generate the original component of soil contact resistance. Based on the soil environmental parameter dataset and the pre-stored material aging correction coefficient, the original component of the soil contact resistance is corrected for interfacial conduction characteristics to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance. The real-time effective value of soil contact resistance is compared with the initially calibrated baseline data of soil contact resistance, and the state is classified and determined by combining the preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds to generate the state determination result. When the judgment result is abnormal, a corresponding early warning signal is generated and sent to the remote monitoring platform.

2. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves collecting electrical signals from multiple monitoring points pre-installed on the conductive solidification layer of the grounding electrode, and collecting soil environmental parameters from the soil surrounding the grounding electrode to obtain real-time electrical signal datasets and soil environmental parameter datasets, including: According to the preset collection cycle, the collection parameters of the monitoring points of the conductive curing layer are configured to form the collection configuration information; Based on the acquisition configuration information, the electrical signals at the monitoring points of the conductive curing layer are acquired to obtain a real-time electrical signal dataset; Based on the aforementioned data collection configuration information, soil environmental parameters are collected from the soil surrounding the grounding electrode to obtain a soil environmental parameter dataset.

3. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step involves configuring the acquisition parameters of the conductive curing layer monitoring points according to a preset acquisition cycle to form acquisition configuration information, including: Obtain the soil environmental parameter dataset from the previous period; Based on the soil environmental parameter dataset of the previous cycle, the amplitude and / or frequency of the inductive excitation current are adjusted to form the acquisition configuration information for the current cycle. The configuration information collected includes the monitoring cycle, sensing excitation adaptation parameters, and collection timing parameters.

4. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the acquisition configuration information, the electrical signals at the monitoring points of the conductive curing layer are acquired to obtain a real-time electrical signal dataset, including: Based on the collected configuration information, multiple monitoring points on the conductive curing layer are grouped and paired to generate monitoring point pairing information. After grouping and pairing, the monitoring points are fed with inductive excitation through the connected electrodes according to the monitoring point pairing information to form an inductive excitation response field. Based on the inductive excitation response field, the potential difference between paired monitoring points is synchronously collected to form a real-time electrical signal dataset.

5. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the collected configuration information, soil environmental parameters are collected from the soil surrounding the grounding electrode to obtain a soil environmental parameter dataset, including: Soil parameters at different depths were collected at multiple monitoring locations pre-set around the grounding electrode to obtain a set of soil parameters at multiple locations and depths. The soil environmental parameter dataset is obtained by weighted fusion of the multi-location and multi-depth soil parameter set. Soil parameters include soil resistivity, soil moisture, soil pH, and soil temperature.

6. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing layered decoupling between the conductive solidification layer and the soil contact interface on the real-time electrical signal dataset to generate the original component of the soil contact resistance includes: The real-time electrical signal dataset is subjected to power frequency harmonic interference removal and timing processing to obtain a preprocessed electrical signal dataset; Based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset, a two-layer impedance matrix of the conductive solidified layer-soil interface is constructed. The impedance matrices of the conductive solidified layer and the soil interface are decoupled by component separation to obtain the original components of the soil contact resistance.

7. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of removing power frequency harmonic interference and performing time-series processing on the real-time electrical signal dataset to obtain a preprocessed electrical signal dataset includes: Perform digital notch filtering on the real-time electrical signal dataset to generate a filtered electrical signal dataset; Based on preset acquisition timing parameters, the filtered electrical signal dataset is time-aligned to obtain a time-aligned electrical signal dataset; Outlier removal is performed on the time-aligned electrical signal dataset to obtain a preprocessed electrical signal dataset.

8. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that, The construction of a two-layer impedance matrix for the conductive solidified layer-soil interface based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset includes: Extract the potential difference data and corresponding induced excitation current data of each paired monitoring point from the preprocessed electrical signal dataset; Based on the potential difference data and the induced excitation current data, the impedance value of each paired monitoring point is calculated; Based on the impedance values ​​of each paired monitoring point, a two-layer impedance matrix of the conductive solidification layer-soil interface is constructed.

9. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that, The component separation and decoupling of the impedance matrix of the conductive solidified layer-soil interface to obtain the original components of the soil contact resistance includes: The equivalent circuit components of the impedance matrix of the conductive solidified layer-soil interface are extracted to obtain the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidified layer body. The total impedance feature was extracted from the impedance matrix of the two layers at the conductive solidified layer-soil interface to obtain total impedance feature data. Based on the total impedance characteristic data and the equivalent resistance component of the conductive solidified layer, the difference is calculated to obtain the original component of the soil contact resistance.

10. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of correcting the original component of the soil contact resistance based on the soil environmental parameter dataset and pre-stored material aging correction coefficients to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance includes: Correction parameters are extracted from the soil environmental parameter dataset to obtain the comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient; Based on the comprehensive correction coefficient for soil environment and the correction coefficient for material aging, the comprehensive correction coefficient is fused to obtain the comprehensive correction coefficient for interfacial conduction properties. Based on the comprehensive correction coefficient of the interface conduction characteristics, the original component of the soil contact resistance is corrected for interface conduction characteristics to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance.

11. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 10, characterized in that, The step of extracting correction parameters from the soil environmental parameter dataset to obtain the comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient includes: Soil resistivity data, soil moisture data, soil pH data, and soil temperature data are extracted from the soil environmental parameter dataset. Individual correction coefficients were calculated for the soil resistivity data, soil moisture data, soil pH data, and soil temperature data respectively to obtain the soil resistivity correction coefficient, soil moisture correction coefficient, soil pH correction coefficient, and soil temperature correction coefficient. The soil resistivity correction coefficient, soil moisture correction coefficient, soil pH correction coefficient, and soil temperature correction coefficient are weighted and fused to obtain the comprehensive soil environment correction coefficient.

12. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 11, characterized in that: The comprehensive soil environmental correction coefficient is calculated based on the following formula: In the formula, This represents the comprehensive correction factor for the soil environment; This represents the soil resistivity correction factor; Indicates the soil moisture correction factor; This represents the soil pH correction factor; This represents the soil temperature correction factor; The preset weighting coefficient represents the soil resistivity correction coefficient; The preset weighting coefficient represents the soil moisture correction factor; The preset weighting coefficient represents the soil pH correction coefficient; The preset weighting coefficient represents the soil temperature correction factor; The preset weighting coefficients represent the interaction term between soil resistivity and soil moisture. This represents the preset weighting coefficient for the interaction term between soil moisture and temperature.

13. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 12, characterized in that, The process of fusing the comprehensive correction coefficients based on the soil environment correction coefficient and the material aging correction coefficient to obtain the comprehensive correction coefficient for interfacial conductivity includes: Obtain the pre-stored material aging correction coefficient; Based on the comprehensive soil environment correction coefficient, the material aging correction coefficient is dynamically calibrated to obtain the calibrated material aging correction coefficient. The comprehensive correction coefficient for the soil environment and the calibrated material aging correction coefficient are multiplied and fused to obtain the comprehensive correction coefficient for interfacial conduction properties.

14. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 13, characterized in that: The comprehensive correction coefficient for interface conduction characteristics is calculated based on the following formula: In the formula, This represents the comprehensive correction coefficient for interface conduction characteristics; This represents the comprehensive correction factor for the soil environment; This represents the material aging baseline correction factor under standard conditions; This indicates the environmental aging acceleration factor.

15. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 10, characterized in that, The step of correcting the original component of the soil contact resistance based on the comprehensive correction coefficient of the interfacial conduction characteristics to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance includes: Based on the comprehensive correction coefficient of the interface conduction characteristics, a correction mapping relationship for interface conduction characteristics is constructed. Based on the interface conduction characteristics, the mapping relationship is corrected, and the original components of the soil contact resistance are mapped and transformed to obtain the corrected soil contact resistance data. The corrected soil contact resistance data is subjected to dimensional standardization to obtain the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance.

16. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves comparing the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance with the initially calibrated baseline data, and combining this with preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds to determine the state classification, generating a state determination result, including: The deviation between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance is calculated to obtain the contact resistance deviation dataset; Based on the contact resistance deviation dataset and the preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds, the operation status is graded and determined, and intermediate results of the graded determination are generated. Based on the intermediate results of the hierarchical determination, a state determination result is generated.

17. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 16, characterized in that, The step of calculating the deviation between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance to obtain a contact resistance deviation dataset includes: The absolute value deviation between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance is calculated to obtain the absolute value deviation data of contact resistance. The relative deviation between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the baseline data of soil contact resistance is calculated to obtain the relative deviation data of contact resistance. The absolute value deviation data of contact resistance and the relative deviation data of contact resistance are integrated to obtain a contact resistance deviation dataset.

18. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 16, characterized in that, The step of classifying and determining the operating status based on the contact resistance deviation dataset and preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds, and generating intermediate results for the classification and determination, includes: Based on the contact resistance deviation dataset, a preliminary deviation level classification is performed, and preliminary deviation level results are generated. The preliminary deviation level result is matched and verified with the preset multi-level contact resistance threshold to generate a threshold matching verification result. Based on the threshold matching and verification results, intermediate results for hierarchical determination are generated.

19. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 16, characterized in that, The step of generating a state determination result based on the intermediate results of the hierarchical determination includes: Retrieve the pre-stored running status mapping table; The intermediate results of the hierarchical determination are mapped and matched with the running status mapping table to generate matching results; Based on the matching results, a status determination result is generated.

20. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of generating a corresponding early warning signal and sending it to the remote monitoring platform further includes: The real-time effective values ​​of soil contact resistance, state determination results, and early warning signals are archived, preprocessed, and classified for storage to form a monitoring database; Extract historical monitoring datasets within a preset time span from the monitoring database; Based on the historical monitoring dataset, the contact resistance attenuation trend is predicted, and the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result is generated. Based on the predicted contact resistance attenuation trend and the status determination results, operation and maintenance guidance information is generated.

21. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 20, characterized in that, The process of archiving, preprocessing, and classifying the real-time soil contact resistance RMS values, state determination results, and early warning signals to form a monitoring database includes: The data integrity of the real-time soil contact resistance RMS value, state determination result and early warning signal is verified to obtain a verified dataset. The verification dataset is uniformly timestamped to obtain a timestamped monitoring dataset; The timestamped monitoring dataset is classified to generate a categorized monitoring dataset; The classification and monitoring dataset is structured and stored to obtain a monitoring database.

22. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 20, characterized in that, The step of predicting the contact resistance attenuation trend based on the historical monitoring dataset and generating a contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result includes: The effective value sequence of historical real-time soil contact resistance is extracted from the historical monitoring dataset to generate a contact resistance time series dataset; Based on the contact resistance time series dataset, a contact resistance attenuation trend prediction model is constructed; Based on the soil environmental parameter dataset in the historical monitoring dataset, the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction model is calibrated by environmental factors to obtain the calibrated attenuation trend prediction model. Based on the calibrated attenuation trend prediction model, contact resistance attenuation is predicted at multiple time scales, generating contact resistance attenuation trend prediction results.

23. The method for monitoring soil contact resistance of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 20, characterized in that, The step of generating maintenance guidance information based on the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result and the status determination result includes: Obtain the contact resistance attenuation trend prediction result and the state determination result; Based on the predicted contact resistance attenuation trend, the urgency of maintenance is classified, and maintenance priority results are generated. Based on the operation and maintenance priority results and the status determination results, operation and maintenance measures are matched to generate a set of matched operation and maintenance measures; The set of matching operation and maintenance measures is structured and organized to generate operation and maintenance guidance information.

24. A soil contact resistance monitoring system for carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the monitoring points of the conductive solidified layer on the surface of the carbon fiber composite grounding body, and is also communicatively connected to the soil parameter sensors pre-set around the grounding body. It is used to acquire electrical signals from multiple monitoring points pre-set on the conductive solidified layer of the grounding body, and to acquire soil environmental parameters from the soil around the grounding body, so as to obtain real-time electrical signal datasets and soil environmental parameter datasets. The layered decoupling module is communicatively connected to the data acquisition module and is used to perform layered decoupling of the conductive solidification layer body and the soil contact interface on the real-time electrical signal dataset to generate the original component of soil contact resistance. The dynamic correction module is communicatively connected to the hierarchical decoupling module and the data acquisition module, respectively. It is used to correct the interface conduction characteristics of the original component of the soil contact resistance based on the soil environmental parameter dataset and the pre-stored material aging correction coefficient, so as to obtain the real-time effective value of the soil contact resistance. The status determination and early warning module is communicatively connected to the dynamic correction module. It is used to perform deviation comparison processing between the real-time effective value of soil contact resistance and the initially calibrated baseline data of soil contact resistance, and to perform status classification determination in combination with preset multi-level contact resistance thresholds to generate status determination results. When the judgment result is abnormal, a corresponding early warning signal is generated and sent to the remote monitoring platform.

25. The soil contact resistance monitoring system for carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 24, characterized in that, The soil contact resistance monitoring system for the carbon fiber composite grounding electrode also includes: The data management and operation and maintenance guidance module is communicatively connected to the dynamic correction module and the status determination and early warning module, respectively. It is used to perform archiving processing on the real-time soil contact resistance effective value, status determination result and early warning signal, generate a monitoring database, and perform trend prediction processing based on the monitoring database to generate operation and maintenance guidance information.

26. The soil contact resistance monitoring system for carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes according to claim 24, characterized in that: The monitoring points of the conductive curing layer are set on the conductive curing layer of the carbon fiber composite grounding body. The conductive curing layer is formed by composite curing of recycled carbon fiber, recycled aggregate, geopolymer cementitious material, silica fume and water-soluble conductive liquid, and covers the outer surface of the multi-point metal mesh electrode core. A connection hole is provided in the middle of the multi-point metal mesh electrode core, and the connection hole is used to connect the grounding main material.

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