Aerial conductor and method of making same and aerial conductor ice protection system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to an overhead conductor, a preparation method of the overhead conductor and an overhead conductor anti-icing system. The overhead conductor comprises a core body and a stranded layer stranded on the periphery of the core body; the core body is in a hollow structure, and the hollow structure of the core body forms a first hot air passage; and the outer surface of the stranded layer has a turbulence structure. The overhead conductor is cooperated with the active ice-melting structure and the passive turbulence structure, synergistically, the anti-icing performance of the overhead conductor is greatly improved, and the electric loss is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cable technology, and in particular to an overhead conductor, a method for preparing the same, and an anti-icing system for overhead conductors. Background Technology

[0002] Overhead conductors are the core carrier of power transmission systems, and their performance directly determines the stability, safety, and economy of power transmission. Overhead conductors are widely distributed in various complex climate regions, and icing disasters are one of the main hidden dangers affecting their safe and stable operation. After overhead conductors become covered in ice, their self-weight and load increase significantly, leading to increased conductor sag and tower overload. In severe cases, this can cause power accidents such as conductor breakage and tower collapse, resulting in large-scale power outages and causing huge losses to the safe operation of the power system and social production and life. Therefore, the industry has gradually developed various anti-icing conductors. However, current anti-icing conductors mostly improve their anti-icing performance by expanding the diameter of the overhead conductor or twisting irregularly shaped single wires, which not only has limited anti-icing effect but also easily leads to increased power loss. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an overhead conductor, its preparation method, and an anti-icing system for overhead conductors, so as to balance anti-icing performance and low power loss.

[0004] One aspect of this application provides an overhead conductor, which includes a core and a stranded layer stranded around the outer periphery of the core; the core has a hollow structure, and the hollow structure of the core forms a first hot air channel; the outer surface of the stranded layer has a turbulence structure.

[0005] The aforementioned overhead conductor employs a hollow core structure, which forms a first hot air channel through which hot air is delivered to actively melt ice on the overhead conductor. Furthermore, a turbulence structure is formed on the outer surface of the stranded wire layer to passively turbulent the air, disrupting the adhesion path of water droplets on the conductor surface and reducing their residence time, thereby further reducing ice formation. The turbulence structure on the outer surface of the stranded wire layer also increases the surface roughness of the overhead conductor, further reducing the adhesion strength of the ice layer. Even if thin ice forms, it is easily detached by wind. Through the synergistic effect of the active ice-melting structure and the passive turbulence structure, the overhead conductor's anti-icing performance is significantly improved, while also exhibiting low electrical loss.

[0006] In some embodiments, the maximum radial dimension of the first hot air channel is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the maximum radial dimension of the core.

[0007] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the core is provided with stranding grooves, and the stranding layer includes stranded wires, with at least a portion of the stranded wires embedded in the stranding grooves.

[0008] In some embodiments, the stranded wire groove is a spiral groove, satisfying at least one of the following conditions:

[0009] (1) The extension direction of the strand groove is the same as the axial direction of the core;

[0010] (2) The helix angle of the stranded wire groove is 14°~20°;

[0011] (3) The radial cross-sectional profile of the stranded wire groove is arc-shaped;

[0012] (4) The stranded wire embedded in the stranded wire groove is embedded to a depth of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the single wire of the stranded wire.

[0013] In some embodiments, the stranded layer includes an outer stranded layer and an inner stranded layer disposed between the core and the outer stranded layer. The inner stranded layer includes first strands, with portions of each first strand embedded in a stranding groove. The outer stranded layer is stranded around the outer periphery of the inner stranded layer and forms a turbulence structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the pitch ratio of the inner stranded layer is greater than that of the outer stranded layer.

[0015] In some embodiments, the outer stranded layer includes a second stranded wire disposed between two adjacent first stranded wires and in contact with the two adjacent first stranded wires and forming a gap between them and the core, the gap constituting a second hot air channel.

[0016] In some embodiments, the maximum radial dimension of the second hot air duct is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the outer stranded layer further includes a third stranded wire located between two adjacent second stranded wires, and the third stranded wire is in contact with a first stranded wire between the two adjacent second stranded wires.

[0018] In some embodiments, in the transverse cross-section of the overhead conductor, the third strand is located radially to the first strand, the second strand is located in the gap between two adjacent first strands, the height of the third strand protrudes beyond the second strand, and the outer surface of the outer strand layer is spirally undulating along the axial direction.

[0019] In some of these embodiments, the tensile strength of the core is ≥185MPa.

[0020] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing an overhead conductor as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0021] A hollow core is provided, the hollow structure of which constitutes the first hot air channel;

[0022] The stranded wires are twisted together on the outer periphery of the core to form a stranded layer, and a turbulence structure is formed on the outer surface of the stranded layer.

[0023] A third aspect of this application provides an anti-icing system for overhead power lines, comprising an overhead power line as described in the first aspect and a hot air device, the hot air device being connected to the overhead power line for supplying hot air to a first hot air channel.

[0024] In some embodiments, the overhead conductor anti-icing system also includes an intelligent monitoring device, which includes an ice thickness sensor for monitoring the ice thickness of the overhead conductor; in response to the ice thickness reaching a preset threshold, a hot air device delivers hot air to the first hot air channel.

[0025] In some embodiments, the overhead conductor anti-icing system also includes an intelligent monitoring device, which further includes a temperature sensor for monitoring the ambient temperature of the overhead conductor; in response to the ambient temperature being lower than a preset threshold, a hot air device delivers hot air to the first hot air channel. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the radial cross-sectional structure of an overhead conductor in one embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the core surface structure in one embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top view of the outer surface structure of the outer stranded wire layer in one embodiment.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Core; 11. First hot air channel; 12. Stranded wire groove; 2. Stranded wire layer; 21. Inner stranded wire layer; 211. First stranded wire; 22. Outer stranded wire layer; 221. Second stranded wire; 222. Third stranded wire; turbulence structure 2221; 3. Second hot air channel. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and "axial" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0033] In this document, unless otherwise stated, the reaction steps may be performed in the order described herein or not. For example, other steps may be included between reaction steps, and the order of reaction steps may be appropriately interchanged. This is something that those skilled in the art can determine based on conventional knowledge and experience. Preferably, the reaction methods described herein are performed sequentially.

[0034] In this application, when numerical intervals (i.e., numerical ranges) are mentioned, unless otherwise specified, the distribution of selectable numerical values ​​within the numerical interval is considered continuous, and includes the two endpoints of the numerical interval (i.e., the minimum and maximum values), as well as every numerical value between these two endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when a numerical interval refers only to integers within that numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, as well as every integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing every integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges disclosed in this application should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, percentage, ratio, etc. The term "numerical interval" can be broadly included to include percentage intervals, ratio intervals, proportion intervals, etc.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] Overhead conductors are the core carrier of power transmission systems, and their performance directly determines the stability, safety, and economy of power transmission. Overhead conductors are widely distributed in various complex climate regions, and icing disasters are one of the main hidden dangers affecting their safe and stable operation. After overhead conductors become covered in ice, their self-weight and load increase significantly, leading to increased conductor sag and tower overload. In severe cases, this can cause power accidents such as conductor breakage and tower collapse, resulting in large-scale power outages and causing huge losses to the safe operation of the power system and social production and life. Therefore, the industry has gradually developed various anti-icing technologies, mainly including passive anti-icing technology, active de-icing technology, and optimization of overhead conductor structure. Passive anti-icing technology mainly uses hydrophobic or low-adhesion coatings to reduce surface energy, achieving passive anti-icing. However, the coatings are susceptible to wind and sand abrasion, ultraviolet aging, and freeze-thaw cycles, resulting in poor durability, short lifespan, and difficulty in long-term stable service. Active de-icing mainly uses electrothermal melting and mechanical vibration de-icing. Current active de-icing devices are generally complex to operate, and some require power outages, affecting power supply reliability. The optimization of overhead conductor structures mainly involves increasing the diameter of the overhead conductors or twisting irregular single wires to improve their anti-icing performance. However, this not only has limited anti-icing effect but also easily leads to increased power loss.

[0037] Based on this, the first aspect of this application, one embodiment, provides an overhead conductor, please refer to... Figures 1-3 The overhead conductor includes a core 1 and a stranded layer 2 stranded around the core 1; the core 1 has a hollow structure, and the hollow structure of the core 1 forms a first hot air channel 11; the outer surface of the stranded layer 2 has a turbulence structure 2221.

[0038] The aforementioned overhead conductor employs a hollow core 1, which forms a first hot air channel 11 through which hot air is delivered to actively melt ice on the overhead conductor. Furthermore, a turbulence structure 2221 is formed on the outer surface of the stranded layer 2 to passively turbulent the air, disrupting the adhesion path of water droplets on the surface of the overhead conductor and reducing the residence time of water droplets, thereby further reducing ice formation. Moreover, the turbulence structure 2221 on the outer surface of the stranded layer 2 increases the surface roughness of the overhead conductor, thereby reducing the adhesion strength of the ice layer. Even if thin ice forms, it is easily detached under wind force. The aforementioned overhead conductor, through the synergistic effect of the active ice-melting structure and the passive turbulence structure 2221, significantly improves its anti-icing performance while minimizing electrical loss.

[0039] In the aforementioned overhead conductor, after hot air is introduced into the first hot air channel 11, the hot air is conducted through the tube wall of the core 1, transferring heat to the inner stranded layer 21 and the outer stranded layer 22. The outer stranded layer 22 directly and quickly melts ice, resulting in high anti-icing efficiency. The turbulence structure 2221 on the outer stranded layer 22 is formed by the strands themselves, providing a smooth transition and minimizing abrupt changes in surface curvature and electric field distortion, thus reducing corona loss and further lowering electrical losses.

[0040] The overhead conductor of this application adopts a dual anti-icing mechanism that combines an active hot air de-icing structure and a passive turbulence structure 2221. The active de-icing structure can quickly melt ice under extreme icing conditions, while the passive turbulence structure 2221 can reduce icing formation. It adapts to the differentiated protection needs of different icing areas and can significantly reduce the risk of icing disasters. At the same time, it meets the comprehensive requirements of low loss, high strength, low corona discharge and anti-icing for high-voltage power transmission. It has good engineering adaptability and economy and can be widely promoted and applied in heavily iced areas.

[0041] Understandably, the turbulence structure 2221 refers to the unevenness of the outer surface of the stranded layer 2, which has a concave-convex structure. This turbulence structure 2221 can disrupt the adhesion path of water droplets in the air to the surface of the overhead conductor.

[0042] Understandably, in this application, axial direction refers to the direction of the central axis of core 1 (i.e., the direction of the central axis of the overhead conductor); radial direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

[0043] In some embodiments, the maximum radial dimension of the first hot air channel 11 is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the maximum radial dimension of the core 1. This arrangement is beneficial for ensuring the efficient flow of hot air within the first hot air channel 11, while also ensuring that the core 1 has sufficient mechanical strength.

[0044] In this application, the cross-sectional shape of the first hot air channel 11 includes, but is not limited to, a circle, and may also be an irregular shape, such as an ellipse. The maximum radial dimension of the first hot air channel 11 refers to the maximum value of the distance between any two points on the inner wall of the first hot air channel 11 on a cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the core 1.

[0045] The maximum radial dimension of core 1 refers to the maximum distance between any two points on the outer contour of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of core 1.

[0046] In some embodiments, the maximum radial dimension of the first hot air duct is 3mm to 6mm.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first hot air channel 11 is a circular channel with a diameter of 3mm to 6mm.

[0048] As an example, the diameter of the first hot air channel 11 can be 3mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm, 4.5mm, 5.0mm, 5.5mm or 6.0mm, or it can be within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

[0049] In some embodiments, the core 1 has a maximum radial dimension of 4.5 mm to 12 mm.

[0050] As an example, the maximum radial dimension of the core 1 can be 4.5mm, 5.0mm, 5.5mm, 6.0mm, 6.5mm, 7.0mm, 7.5mm, 8.0mm, 8.5mm, 9.0mm, 9.5mm, 10.0mm, 10.5mm, 11.0mm, 11.5mm, or 12.0mm, or it can be within the range of any two of the aforementioned values ​​as endpoints.

[0051] In some embodiments, the core 1 is made of a hollow tube with an inner diameter of 3mm to 6mm and an outer diameter of 4.5mm to 12mm.

[0052] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the core 1 is provided with a stranded groove 12, and the stranded layer includes stranded wires, at least a portion of which is embedded in the stranded groove 12. The portion of the stranded wire embedded in the stranded groove 12 serves to mechanically interlock the stranded wire with the groove 12, connecting the stranded layer to the core 1 and suppressing slippage, loosening, or lantern-shaped bulging of the stranded layer 2, thereby improving the structural stability and mechanical strength of the overhead conductor. Another portion of the stranded wire protrudes from the stranded groove 12. Further, this protruding portion can be used to make the outer surface of the stranded layer bulge out to form a turbulence structure 2221.

[0053] In some embodiments, the stranded groove 12 is a spiral groove, and the extension direction of the stranded groove 12 is the same as the axial direction of the core 1.

[0054] In some embodiments, the helix angle α of the stranded groove 12 is 14° to 20°.

[0055] Understandably, please refer to Figure 2 The stranded wire groove 12 is spirally wound around the central axis of the core 1, and the helix angle α is the angle formed between the helical tangent direction of the stranded wire monofilament and the central axis of the core 1. The entire outer surface of the core 1 is covered with stranded wire grooves 12. Figure 2 Only part of the twisted wire groove 12 is shown in the diagram.

[0056] As an example, the helix angle α of the stranded groove 12 can be 14°, 15°, 16°, 17°, 18°, 19° or 20°, or it can be within the range of any two of the aforementioned values ​​as endpoints.

[0057] The spiral angle α of the stranded wire groove 12 is 14°~20°, which is conducive to the tight engagement of the stranded wire and the core 1 and avoids slippage or loosening of the strands.

[0058] In some embodiments, the width w of the stranded groove 12 matches the outer diameter of the stranded wire, which can secure the stranded wire of the inner stranded layer.

[0059] In some embodiments, the stranded groove 12 has a radial cross-sectional profile that is arc-shaped.

[0060] In some embodiments, the stranded wire embedded in the stranding groove 12 is embedded to a depth of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the single filament. This embedding depth is beneficial for the stranded wire to engage tightly with the core 1, preventing slippage or loosening, and also allows the turbulence structure 2221 to have a suitable protrusion height.

[0061] Furthermore, the depth h of the stranded groove 12 is 0.3mm~2.5mm.

[0062] In this application, the depth of the stranded wire embedded in the stranded wire groove 12 is based on the radial dimension corresponding to the stranded wire portion located in the stranded wire groove 12.

[0063] In some embodiments, the stranded layer includes an outer stranded layer 22 and an inner stranded layer 21 disposed between the core 1 and the outer stranded layer 22. The inner stranded layer 21 includes first strands 211, with portions of each first strand 211 embedded in the stranding groove 12. The outer stranded layer 22 is stranded around the outer periphery of the inner stranded layer 21 to form a turbulence structure 2221. The turbulence structure 2221 is formed by the strands themselves and has a smooth transition characteristic. The surface of the outer stranded layer 22 has no sharp protrusions, which makes it less likely to cause abrupt changes in surface curvature and electric field distortion, resulting in low corona loss and further reducing electrical loss.

[0064] Furthermore, when the stranded groove 12 is a spiral groove, part of the first stranded wire 211 is embedded in the stranded groove 12 to form a spiral undulating inner stranded layer 21 profile, and the outer stranded layer 22 covers the inner stranded layer 21 profile, so that the outer surface of the outer stranded layer 22 forms a spiral undulating turbulence structure 2221.

[0065] In some embodiments, the pitch of the stranded groove 12 matches the stranding pitch of the inner stranded layer 21. Understandably, the stranding pitch refers to the axial distance that a single filament travels when it rotates one revolution (360°) around the central axis of the core 1.

[0066] In some embodiments, the pitch ratio of the inner stranded layer 21 is greater than that of the outer stranded layer 22.

[0067] Understandably, the pitch ratio refers to the ratio of the twist pitch to the outer diameter of the monofilament.

[0068] In some embodiments, the outer stranded layer 22 includes a second stranded wire 221, which is disposed between two adjacent first stranded wires 211 and contacts the two adjacent first stranded wires 211, forming a gap with the core 1. The gap constitutes a second hot air channel 3. The second hot air channel 3 can also be used to transport hot air. The second hot air channel 3 can promote heat diffusion, improve the uniformity of de-icing, and reduce the problem of incomplete de-icing in some areas.

[0069] Understandably, the second hot air channel 3 is formed by the second stranded wire 221, the two adjacent first stranded wires 211, and the core 1. Furthermore, in a cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the core 1, the second hot air channel 3 is a hollow structure; in other words, it is a relatively closed structure, similar to the first hot air channel 11. Hot air can be introduced into the first hot air channel 11 or the second hot air channel 3 from the end opening in the axial direction of the overhead conductor.

[0070] Furthermore, when the stranded groove 12 is a spiral groove, the second stranded wire 221 is disposed between two adjacent first stranded wires 211 and is also twisted along the spiral groove.

[0071] In some embodiments, the second hot air channel 3 has a maximum radial dimension of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. This arrangement not only assists in heat dissipation but also prevents the overhead conductor structure from becoming loose due to excessive gaps, while simultaneously suppressing stress concentration in the outer stranded wire layer 22.

[0072] In some embodiments, the outer stranded layer 22 further includes a third stranded wire 222, which is located between two adjacent second stranded wires 221 and contacts a first stranded wire 211 between the two adjacent second stranded wires 221.

[0073] Furthermore, a second twisted wire 221 is provided between any two adjacent first twisted wires 211.

[0074] Understandably, each first twisted wire 211 is adjacent to two second twisted wires 221, and a first twisted wire 211 is provided between two adjacent second twisted wires 221.

[0075] Furthermore, the third strand 222 is located radially on the first strand 211.

[0076] Furthermore, the third strand 222 is located radially in the strand groove 12.

[0077] Furthermore, the second strand 221 is located in the gap between the strand slots 12 and 12, and the height of the third strand 222 protrudes beyond the second strand 221. This arrangement allows the outer surface of the outer strand layer 22 to have a spiral undulation along the axial direction, forming a disturbance structure 2221. This disturbance structure 2221 has a smooth transition without sharp protrusions, effectively suppressing electric field concentration, reducing corona loss and noise, resulting in excellent electrical performance of the overhead conductor, which can be widely used in high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage overhead transmission lines.

[0078] In some embodiments, on the transverse cross section of the overhead conductor, the third strand 222 is located radially to the first strand 211, the second strand 221 is located in the gap between two adjacent first strands 211, the height of the third strand 222 protrudes beyond the second strand 221, and the outer surface of the outer strand layer 22 is spirally undulating along the axial direction.

[0079] Furthermore, the height of the third strand 222 protruding from the second strand 221 is less than or equal to 10% of the diameter of the single filament of the strand. The specific height of the third strand 222 protruding from the second strand 221 can be adjusted according to different ice conditions and different voltage levels. This overhead conductor has strong adaptability and can be widely promoted and applied.

[0080] Furthermore, the helix angle of the third strand 222 is 18°~22°. This setting allows the turbulence structure 2221 to effectively disrupt the water droplet attachment path and achieve turbulence and anti-icing, while also avoiding the risk of strand breakage due to bending damage caused by an excessively large helix angle.

[0081] Furthermore, when the stranded groove 12 is a spiral groove, the second stranded wire 221 is disposed between two adjacent first stranded wires 211 and is also twisted along the spiral groove.

[0082] In some embodiments, the core 1 is made of aluminum alloy. The hollow core 1 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which reduces the weight of the overhead conductor and the risk of sag after icing, while also taking into account the mechanical load-bearing capacity of the overhead conductor and meeting the stress requirements of overhead power transmission.

[0083] Furthermore, the core 1 is made of wrought heat-resistant aluminum alloy.

[0084] In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the core 1 is ≥185MPa. Using this core 1 ensures the mechanical load-bearing capacity of the overhead conductor while also providing good thermal conductivity, facilitating the transfer of heat from hot air to the outer layer.

[0085] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing an overhead conductor as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0086] A hollow core 1 is provided, and the hollow structure of the core 1 constitutes the first hot air channel 11;

[0087] The stranded wires are twisted together on the outer periphery of the core 1 to form a stranded layer, and a turbulence structure 2221 is formed on the outer surface of the stranded layer.

[0088] A third aspect of this application provides an overhead conductor anti-icing system, comprising an overhead conductor as described in the first aspect and a hot air device, the hot air device being connected to the overhead conductor for supplying hot air to a first hot air channel 11.

[0089] In some embodiments, the hot air device may be a heating station arranged along the line, and both ends of the overhead conductor may be connected to the hot air device. The hot air device is used to introduce hot air into the first hot air channel 11 and the second hot air channel 3 to achieve active de-icing. Understandably, the hot air device for introducing hot air into the first hot air channel 11 and the second hot air channel 3 can be controlled individually or simultaneously.

[0090] In some embodiments, the overhead conductor anti-icing system also includes an intelligent monitoring device, which includes an ice thickness sensor to monitor the ice thickness on the overhead conductor. In response to the ice thickness reaching a preset threshold, a hot air device delivers hot air to the first hot air channel 11. Active hot air de-icing is triggered by the intelligent monitoring device and can be activated under extreme icing conditions, effectively reducing energy consumption.

[0091] Furthermore, the preset threshold for ice thickness is 0.1mm to 10mm.

[0092] In some embodiments, the overhead conductor anti-icing system also includes an intelligent monitoring device, which includes a temperature sensor for monitoring the ambient temperature of the overhead conductor; in response to the ambient temperature being lower than a preset threshold, a hot air device delivers hot air to the first hot air channel 11.

[0093] Furthermore, the preset threshold for ambient temperature is -5℃ to 5℃.

[0094] The intelligent monitoring device can monitor the ice thickness of the conductor and the ambient temperature in real time. When either parameter reaches a preset threshold, the heating station is triggered. Hot air is introduced into the overhead conductor through the first hot air channel 11 and the second hot air channel 3. The hot air is conducted through the tube wall of the core 1, transferring heat to the inner stranded layer 21 and the outer stranded layer 22. The outer stranded layer 22 directly and quickly melts the ice. Once the operating conditions return to normal, the system automatically shuts down for monitoring. This ultimately achieves intelligent control of active ice melting, reducing energy consumption.

[0095] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer and more concise, the following specific embodiments are used for illustration, but this application is by no means limited to these embodiments. The embodiments described below are merely preferred embodiments of this application and can be used to describe this application, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0096] To better illustrate this application, the following description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, further explains its content. The following are specific embodiments.

[0097] Example 1

[0098] Please see Figure 1 A high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy hollow tube with a tensile strength ≥180MPa is selected as the core material 1. The hollow part of the hollow tube forms the first hot air channel 11, which is used to transport hot air for active de-icing. The outer diameter of the core 1 is 8mm and the inner diameter is 5mm.

[0099] Six stranded grooves 12 are evenly formed around the outer wall of the core 1. Each stranded groove 12 is a spiral groove, and the extension direction of the stranded grooves 12 is the same as the axial direction of the core 1. (See also...) Figure 2 The helix angle α of the stranded wire groove 12 is 16°, the depth h of the stranded wire groove 12 is 1mm, the width w of the stranded wire groove 12 is 3mm, and the radial cross-sectional profile of the stranded wire groove 12 is arc-shaped.

[0100] A smooth, high-strength aluminum alloy round monofilament is used as the first strand 211. The diameter of the monofilament is 3mm, and there are 6 strands in total. They are embedded in the stranding groove 12 on the outer wall of the core 1 for stranding. The embedding depth of the first strand 211 in the stranding groove 12 is 1mm. The 6 first strands 211 are stranded into an inner strand layer 21. The width of the first strand 211 matches that of the stranding groove 12, forming a mechanical interlocking structure to prevent slippage or loosening. After stranding, the outer surface of the inner strand layer 21 forms a spiral undulation shape corresponding to the stranding groove 12. The pitch ratio of the inner strand layer 21 is 11, and the stranding pitch is 33mm.

[0101] The outer stranded layer 22 is made of 12 aluminum alloy round monofilaments (3mm in diameter) of the same material and size as the first stranded wire 211. The outer stranded layer 22 includes 6 second stranded wires 221 and 6 third stranded wires 222. The second stranded wires 221 are located between two adjacent first stranded wires 211 and are in contact with the two adjacent first stranded wires 211 and form a gap between them and the core 1. The maximum radial dimension of the gap is 0.1mm to 0.5mm, which constitutes the second hot air channel 3. The second hot air channel 3 is used to assist in conveying hot air for ice melting. The third strand 222 is located between two adjacent second strands 221, and the third strand 222 is in contact with the first strand 211 between the two adjacent second strands 221; in the transverse cross-section of the overhead conductor, the third strand 222 is located radially on the first strand 211, and the second strand 221 is located in the gap between two adjacent first strands 211; the height of the third strand 222 protrudes beyond that of the second strand 221, thereby causing the outer surface of the outer strand layer 22 to have a spiral undulating shape along the axial direction, forming a turbulence structure 2221; please refer to Figure 3 That is, the outer stranded layer 22 is bonded and twisted along the contour of the inner stranded layer 21 to form a corresponding spiral undulation, the helix angle β is 20°, the stranding pitch ratio is 9, and the stranding pitch is 27mm; please refer to Figure 3 Finally, the entire outer surface of the overhead conductor forms a continuous and smooth spiral undulation, which is the disturbance structure 2221, thus producing the overhead conductor.

[0102] The overhead conductor prepared above is connected to a hot air device and an intelligent monitoring device to form an overhead conductor anti-icing system. The hot air device is used to supply hot air to the first hot air channel 11. The intelligent monitoring device includes an ice thickness sensor and a temperature sensor. The ice thickness sensor is used to monitor the ice thickness of the overhead conductor. In response to the ice thickness reaching a preset threshold of 0°C, the hot air device supplies hot air to the first hot air channel 11. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the ambient temperature of the overhead conductor. In response to the ambient temperature reaching a preset threshold of 5mm, the hot air device supplies hot air to the first hot air channel 11. When the ambient temperature is monitored to be below 0°C or the real-time ice thickness of the overhead conductor is greater than or equal to 5mm, the heating station is immediately triggered to operate, and hot air is introduced into the hot air channel of the overhead conductor. The hot air heats up the overhead conductor and melts the ice through heat conduction via the tube wall of the core 1. When the monitored ambient temperature rises to above 2°C and the ice thickness drops below 2mm, the icing risk is determined to be eliminated, the heating station is automatically shut down, and the real-time monitoring state is restored.

[0103] In a simulated icing environment with a temperature of -5℃ and a humidity of 85%, a comparative experiment was conducted between the overhead conductor of Example 1 and a conventional smooth round aluminum alloy conductor of the same outer diameter. The results showed that the icing rate of the overhead conductor of this application was 0.11 mm / h, while the icing rate of the conventional smooth round aluminum alloy conductor was 0.24 mm / h, a reduction of 55%. Even a light breeze could cause the thin ice on the surface of the overhead conductor of Example 1 to fall off, demonstrating a significant anti-icing effect. In addition, under the same operating conditions, the power loss of Example 1 was reduced by 3.5% compared to the conventional smooth round aluminum alloy conductor.

[0104] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0105] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An overhead conductor, characterized in that, The overhead conductor includes a core and a stranded wire layer stranded around the outer periphery of the core; the core has a hollow structure, which forms a first hot air channel; the outer surface of the stranded wire layer has a turbulence-inducing structure; the outer wall of the core has a stranded wire groove, which is a spiral groove; the stranded wire layer includes an outer stranded wire layer and an inner stranded wire layer disposed between the core and the outer stranded wire layer, the inner stranded wire layer includes first strands, portions of which are embedded in the stranded wire grooves, and the outer stranded wire layer is stranded around the outer periphery of the inner stranded wire layer to form the turbulence-inducing structure. The structure includes: the outer stranded layer comprising a second strand, which is disposed between two adjacent first strands and contacts the two adjacent first strands, forming a gap between the core, the gap constituting a second hot air channel; the outer stranded layer further comprising a third strand, which is located radially to the first strands in the transverse cross-section of the overhead conductor, and the second strand is located in the gap between two adjacent first strands, the height of the third strand protruding beyond the second strand, and the outer surface of the outer stranded layer exhibiting a spiral undulating shape along the axial direction.

2. The overhead conductor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum radial dimension of the first hot air channel is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the maximum radial dimension of the core.

3. The overhead conductor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stranded wire groove satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The extension direction of the stranded groove is the same as the axial direction of the core; (2) The helix angle of the stranded wire groove is 14°~20°; (3) The cross-sectional profile of the stranded wire groove in the radial direction is arc-shaped; (4) The stranded wire embedded in the stranded wire groove is embedded to a depth of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the single filament of the stranded wire.

4. The overhead conductor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch ratio of the inner stranded layer is greater than that of the outer stranded layer.

5. The overhead conductor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum radial dimension of the second hot air duct is 0.1mm~0.5mm.

6. The overhead conductor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The third strand is located between two adjacent second strands, and the third strand is in contact with the first strand between the two adjacent second strands.

7. The overhead conductor as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The tensile strength of the core is ≥185MPa.

8. A method for preparing an overhead conductor as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A hollow core is provided, the hollow structure of which constitutes the first hot air channel; The stranded wires are twisted together on the outer periphery of the core to form the stranded layer, and a turbulence structure is formed on the outer surface of the stranded layer.

9. An anti-icing system for overhead power lines, characterized in that, Includes the overhead conductor and hot air device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the hot air device is connected to the overhead conductor and is used to deliver hot air to the first hot air channel.

10. The overhead conductor anti-icing system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The overhead conductor anti-icing system also includes an intelligent monitoring device, which includes an ice thickness sensor for monitoring the ice thickness of the overhead conductor. In response to the ice thickness reaching a preset threshold, the hot air device delivers hot air to the first hot air channel.

11. The overhead conductor anti-icing system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The overhead conductor anti-icing system also includes an intelligent monitoring device, which includes a temperature sensor for monitoring the ambient temperature of the overhead conductor. In response to the ambient temperature being lower than a preset threshold, the hot air device delivers hot air to the first hot air channel.

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