A coil polarity switching structure and a relay applying the same

Abstract

The application discloses a coil polarity switching structure and a relay applying the same. The coil polarity switching structure comprises a coil, an armature assembly driven to swing by the coil, and a movable contact group and a stationary contact group. The movable contact and the stationary contact are distributed in four corresponding positions and alternately connect the contacts on different sides with the swing of the armature assembly. One of the movable contact group and the stationary contact group is configured as an internal first connection group, and the other is configured as an internal second connection group, which respectively lead out two pairs of connection terminals for connecting an external power supply and the coil. By means of the mechanical topological structure, the relay can automatically realize the reversal of the input coil current direction only by the mechanical switching of the contact state on the premise that the polarity of the external control power supply is unchanged, thereby effectively simplifying the external circuit, having high spatial integration, high-temperature resistance and anti-interference performance, and long-service-life stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic relay technology, specifically relating to a coil polarity switching structure and its application in relays. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional single-coil magnetic latching relays require changing the direction of the current in the input coil to reverse the magnetic field when switching states. Existing solutions typically rely on external driver chips (such as H-bridge control ICs) or employ a dual-coil, three-pin terminal physical structure to switch the positive and negative terminals of an external power supply.

[0003] However, the aforementioned existing technologies have several inherent drawbacks: First, relying on external driver chips or multi-pin structures leads to bloated external control circuitry, significantly increasing the wiring difficulty of downstream customers' PCB boards and the overall material cost, resulting in low product integration. Second, conventional silicon-based semiconductor driver chips (ICs) have weak high-temperature resistance and are highly susceptible to interference from electromagnetic radiation, surges, and static electricity. Under high-temperature conditions or complex electromagnetic environments, they are prone to thermal breakdown or control logic failure, causing relays to malfunction, making it difficult to guarantee overall operational stability and service life.

[0004] Therefore, the industry urgently needs a highly stable relay structure that has a high degree of internal integration and can achieve polarity switching independently without relying on complex external circuits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to disclose a coil polarity switching structure and a relay with specific applications.

[0006] The present invention provides a coil polarity switching structure, comprising: a coil; an armature assembly driven by the coil to swing, the armature assembly including a moving spring group; a moving contact group including four moving contacts disposed on the moving spring group; and a stationary contact group including four stationary contacts, each corresponding to one of the moving contacts.

[0007] The moving contact and the stationary contact are respectively set at four contact positions: first position, second position, third position, and fourth position. When the armature assembly swings to the first action state, the stationary contact at the first position is connected to the moving contact at the first position, and the stationary contact at the second position is connected to the moving contact at the second position. When the armature assembly swings to the second action state, the stationary contact at the third position is connected to the moving contact at the third position, and the stationary contact at the fourth position is connected to the moving contact at the fourth position.

[0008] One of the moving contact group and the stationary contact group is a first connection group, and the other is a second connection group. In the first connection group, the contact in the first position and the contact in the third position are electrically connected to form a first terminal, and the contact in the second position and the contact in the fourth position are electrically connected to form a second terminal. In the second connection group, the contact in the first position and the contact in the fourth position are electrically connected to form a third terminal, and the contact in the second position and the contact in the third position are electrically connected to form a fourth terminal. The first and second terminals are connected to the two poles of the external control power supply, and the third and fourth terminals are connected to the two ends of the coil. Alternatively, the first and second terminals are connected to the two ends of the coil, and the third and fourth terminals are connected to the two poles of the external control power supply.

[0009] By adopting the above structure and introducing a parallel and cross topology wiring logic inside the relay, the positive and negative directions of the input coil current can be reversed simply by switching the position of the mechanical contacts, without changing the polarity of the external control power supply. This greatly simplifies the external control circuit and improves the product's integration and operational stability.

[0010] As an optional implementation, the moving contact group is a first connection group, that is, the moving contact in the first position is electrically connected to the moving contact in the third position to form a first terminal, and the moving contact in the second position is electrically connected to the moving contact in the fourth position to form a second terminal; the stationary contact group is a second connection group, that is, the stationary contact in the first position is electrically connected to the stationary contact in the fourth position to form a third terminal, and the stationary contact in the second position is electrically connected to the stationary contact in the third position to form a fourth terminal.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the stationary contact group is the first connection group, that is, the stationary contact in the first position and the stationary contact in the third position are electrically connected to form a first terminal, and the stationary contact in the second position and the stationary contact in the fourth position are electrically connected to form a second terminal; the moving contact group is the second connection group, that is, the moving contact in the first position and the moving contact in the fourth position are electrically connected to form a third terminal, and the moving contact in the second position and the moving contact in the third position are electrically connected to form a fourth terminal.

[0012] As an optional implementation, in the second connection group, the contact at the first position and the contact at the fourth position are electrically connected through a first conductor, and the contact at the second position and the contact at the third position are electrically connected through a second conductor. The first conductor and the second conductor have an insulating structure at the point where they cross.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the insulation structure is such that the first conductor and the second conductor are staggered in the upper and lower layers of the armature assembly swing plane.

[0014] As an optional implementation, in the first connection group, the contact at the first position and the contact at the third position are electrically connected through a third conductor, and the contact at the second position and the contact at the fourth position are electrically connected through a fourth conductor. The first connection group and the second connection group are staggered in the upper and lower layers of the armature assembly swing plane.

[0015] As an alternative implementation, the armature assembly also includes a permanent magnet, which can keep the armature assembly in a first operating state or a second operating state.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the moving reed assembly is made of an elastic conductor material, and the moving contact assembly is located at the free end of the moving reed assembly. When the armature assembly swings to the first operating state or the second operating state, the connected side of the moving reed assembly undergoes elastic deformation to provide contact pressure.

[0017] As an optional implementation, during the swing stroke of the armature assembly, there is a safety gap between the moving contact group and the stationary contact group to prevent short circuits, so that during the transition of the armature assembly from the first operating state to the second operating state, all four moving contacts and four stationary contacts are in a completely disconnected state.

[0018] The present invention provides a relay having the above-described coil polarity switching relay structure.

[0019] By using the above-mentioned relay, which integrates a mechanical polarity switching structure, there is no need to connect a complex external polarity conversion chip or dual coil drive circuit. This effectively improves the relay's anti-electromagnetic interference capability and temperature resistance in complex environments, and significantly reduces the overall material cost and failure rate of the terminal equipment.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a relay structure for coil polarity switching. It introduces a "parallel-cross" topology routing logic consisting of four moving contacts and four stationary contacts, achieving a purely mechanical polarity switching structure. With the external control power supply polarity unchanged, the positive and negative directions of the input coil current can be automatically switched simply by changing the position of the mechanical contacts, greatly simplifying the external control circuit and improving the product's integration and operational stability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a coil polarity switching structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a coil polarity switching structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a top view of a coil polarity switching structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along line AA.

[0026] Explanation of key figure labels: 1. Coil assembly; 11. Coil; 12. Coil A end; 13. Coil B end; 2. Armature assembly; 21. Moving spring assembly; 211. First moving spring; 2111. First soldering station; 212. Second moving spring; 2121. Second soldering station; 22. Armature body; 23. Permanent magnet; 24. Insulating push block; 25. Iron core; 31. First position moving contact; 32. Second position moving contact; 33. Third position moving contact; 34. Fourth position moving contact; 41. First position stationary contact; 42. Second position stationary contact; 43. Third position stationary contact; 44. Fourth position stationary contact; 51. First terminal; 52. Second terminal; 61. Third terminal; 62. Fourth terminal; 71. First conductor; 72. Second conductor; 81. Third conductor; 82. Fourth conductor; 9. Lead-out terminal Detailed Implementation The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0028] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in certain situations to indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0032] Example 1 Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a coil polarity switching structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 The circuit structure of a coil polarity switching structure according to Embodiment 1 is shown. Figure 3 A top view of a coil polarity switching structure according to Embodiment 1 is shown. Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along line AA.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a coil 11 polarity switching structure and a relay with its application, including: a coil assembly 1, including a coil 11; an armature assembly 2, driven to swing by the coil 11, including a moving reed group 21; a moving contact group, including four moving contacts, the moving contacts being disposed on the moving reed group 21; and a stationary contact group, including four stationary contacts, each corresponding to one of the moving contacts.

[0034] To facilitate the description of the spatial arrangement of multiple contact points, four spatial contact positions are defined: first position, second position, third position, and fourth position. For example, in this embodiment, the four contact positions are distributed in a rectangular shape, specifically left front (first position), left rear (second position), right front (third position), and right rear (fourth position). In other embodiments, the relative positions of the four contact positions can also be adjusted according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0035] The armature assembly 2 can swing and switch between a first operating state and a second operating state under the driving action of the coil 11. When the armature assembly 2 swings to the first operating state, the first position stationary contact 41 is connected to the first position moving contact 31, and the second position stationary contact 42 is connected to the second position moving contact 32. When the armature assembly 2 swings to the second operating state, the third position stationary contact 43 is connected to the third position moving contact 33, and the fourth position stationary contact 44 is connected to the fourth position moving contact 34.

[0036] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the moving contact group serves as the first connection group. The first position moving contact 31 and the third position moving contact 33 are electrically connected, leading to the first terminal 51; the second position moving contact 32 and the fourth position moving contact 34 are electrically connected, leading to the second terminal 52. The stationary contacts serve as the second connection group. The first position stationary contact 41 and the fourth position stationary contact 44 are electrically connected, leading to the third terminal 61; the second position stationary contact 42 and the third position stationary contact 43 are electrically connected, leading to the fourth terminal 62.

[0037] As a specific example, the first terminal 51 and the second terminal 52 are connected to the two poles of the external control power supply, and the third terminal 61 and the fourth terminal 62 are connected to the two ends of the coil 11. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first terminal 51 is connected to the positive pole of the external control power supply, the second terminal 52 is connected to the negative pole of the external control power supply, the third terminal 61 is connected to coil A terminal 12, and the fourth terminal 62 is connected to coil B terminal 13. The specific circuit connection is as follows: When the armature assembly 2 is in the first operating state, the first position moving contact 31 and the first position stationary contact 41 are connected, and the second position moving contact 32 and the second position stationary contact 42 are connected. The current flow direction is "external power supply positive terminal - first position moving contact 31 - first position stationary contact 41 - coil A terminal 12, coil B terminal 13 - second position stationary contact 42 - second position moving contact 32 - external power supply negative terminal", that is, the external power supply positive terminal is connected to coil A terminal 12, and the external power supply negative terminal is connected to coil B terminal 13; when the external power supply supplies power to coil 1... When a pulse signal is input, the armature assembly 2 switches to the second operating state. The third position moving contact 33 and the third position stationary contact 43 are connected, and the fourth position moving contact 34 and the third position stationary contact 43 are connected. The current flow direction is "external power supply positive terminal - third position moving contact 33 - third position stationary contact 43 - coil B terminal 13, coil A terminal 12 - fourth position stationary contact 44 - fourth position moving contact 34 - external power supply negative terminal", that is, the external power supply positive terminal is connected to coil B terminal 13, and the external power supply negative terminal is connected to coil A terminal 12. In this way, by switching the position of the mechanical contacts, the positive and negative directions of the current in the input coil 11 are reversed using a cross-topology while the polarity of the external power supply remains unchanged.

[0038] In another embodiment, the wiring method described above can also be such that the first terminal 51 and the second terminal 52 are connected to the two ends of the coil 11, and the third terminal 61 and the fourth terminal 62 are connected to the two poles of the external control power supply. Specifically, for example, the first terminal 51 is connected to coil A terminal 12, the second terminal 52 is connected to coil B terminal 13, the third terminal 61 is connected to the positive pole of the external control power supply, and the fourth terminal 62 is connected to the negative pole of the external control power supply. In this case, the specific circuit connection is as follows: When the armature assembly 2 is in the first operating state, the first position stationary contact 41 is connected to the first position moving contact 31, and the second position stationary contact 42 is connected to the second position moving contact 32. At this time, the current flow is "external power supply positive terminal - first position stationary contact 41 - first position moving contact 31 - coil A terminal 12, coil B terminal 13 - second position moving contact 32 - second position stationary contact 42 - external power supply negative terminal", that is, the external power supply positive terminal is connected to coil A terminal 12, and the external power supply negative terminal is connected to coil B terminal 13; when the external power supply inputs a pulse signal to the coil 11, the armature assembly 2 switches to the first operating state. In the second operating state, the third position stationary contact 43 is connected to the third position moving contact 33, and the fourth position stationary contact 44 is connected to the fourth position moving contact 34. At this time, the current flow direction is "external power supply positive terminal - fourth position stationary contact 44 - fourth position moving contact 34 - coil B terminal 13, coil A terminal 12 - third position moving contact 33 - third position stationary contact 43 - external power supply negative terminal", that is, the external power supply positive terminal is connected to coil B terminal 13, and the external power supply negative terminal is connected to coil A terminal 12. At this time, the positive and negative current direction of the input coil 11 can be reversed while the polarity of the external power supply remains unchanged.

[0039] Please combine Figures 1 to 4As a specific example, coil assembly 1 further includes an iron core 25, on which coil 11 is wound; armature assembly 2 further includes an armature body 22 and a permanent magnet 23, and movable reed assembly 21 can swing synchronously with armature body 22; permanent magnet 23 is configured to provide holding magnetic force. When coil 11 is energized, coil assembly 1 generates an electromagnetic field. Based on the different polarities of the two ends of coil 11, the electromagnetic field and the holding magnetic force of permanent magnet 23 are superimposed or canceled, driving armature body 22 to swing and switch between a first operating state and a second operating state. Specifically, as a specific example, coil assembly 1 further includes an iron core 25, on which coil 11 is wound, such that two magnetic poles are formed at both ends of iron core 25; armature assembly 2 further includes a magnetically conductive armature body 22 and a permanent magnet 23. Under the action of permanent magnet 23, magnetically conductive armature body 22 is magnetized and exhibits a fixed single magnetic pole property. When coil 11 is not energized, the armature body 22 is magnetically attracted and firmly attached to one end of the iron core 25, thus keeping the armature assembly 2 in either the first or second operating state. When an external control power supply inputs a momentary pulse to coil 11 to energize it, the iron core 25 is instantaneously magnetized, and the magnetic poles at both ends of coil assembly 1 generate electromagnetic poles of opposite polarity. The electromagnetic polarity of one end of coil assembly 1 is the same as the magnetic polarity of armature body 22, thus generating a repulsive force on armature body 22; while the electromagnetic polarity of the other end of coil assembly 1 is opposite to the magnetic polarity of armature body 22, thus generating an attractive force on armature body 22, causing armature assembly 2 to swing and switch between the first and second operating states. After switching to the correct position and the pulse current disappears, the holding magnetic force of permanent magnet 23 keeps armature assembly 2 in a stable state after switching.

[0040] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a specific example, the armature assembly 2 also includes an insulating push block 24, which is fixed to the armature body 22, and the movable spring assembly 21 is disposed on the insulating push block 24. During dynamic switching, when the armature body 22 is driven to swing by electromagnetic force, the insulating push block 24 tilts synchronously, causing the movable spring assembly 21 to swing together, thereby driving the moving contact to complete the connection or disconnection action.

[0041] Please combine Figures 1 to 4As a specific example, the four contact points are arranged in a matrix or near-matrix arrangement. In this embodiment, the four contact points are specifically the left front (first position), left rear (second position), right front (third position), and right rear (fourth position). "Matrix arrangement" refers to the four contact points being strictly distributed in a rectangular (including square) shape, with each pair of points corresponding to the next and equal row and column spacing. "Near-matrix arrangement" specifically refers to an equivalent arrangement formed by fine-tuning or deforming the standard rectangle due to the internal space design limitations of the relay. This includes trapezoidal, parallelogram, rhomboid, and irregular quadrilateral arrangements with slight dimensional offsets, but does not cover the standard rectangular distribution itself. In short, as long as the four contact points are distributed in four different orientations, whether it is a strict rectangular arrangement or any equivalent deformation arrangement based on it, it falls within the scope of protection defined by this invention.

[0042] As a specific example, the first connection group is arranged in parallel or near-parallel configuration, and the second connection group is arranged in a cross configuration. "Parallel configuration" means that all wires in the first connection group are strictly geometrically parallel and have completely consistent routing. "Near-parallel configuration" refers to a wiring arrangement where, due to internal relay structure avoidance, pin misalignment, or manufacturing requirements, the wire routing is not strictly geometrically parallel, but they do not physically intersect each other. This includes broken lines, arcs, wavy lines, or wiring patterns with a certain angle but not intersecting, but does not cover strictly geometrically parallel configurations. "Cross configuration" is not limited to standard straight-line symmetrical crossings, but covers any irregular wiring pattern that forms a crossover connection in three-dimensional space or two-dimensional projection. All three, regardless of whether the first connection group uses strictly parallel or near-parallel wiring, and regardless of the form of cross wiring used in the second connection group, fall within the scope of protection defined by this invention.

[0043] As a specific example, the stationary contact group serves as the second connection group. Specifically, the first position stationary contact 41 and the fourth position stationary contact 44 are electrically connected via a first conductor 71, and the second position stationary contact 42 and the third position stationary contact 43 are electrically connected via a second conductor 72. The first conductor 71 and the second conductor 72 intersect in an "X" shape in the spatial plane. To prevent short circuits, an insulating structure is provided at the intersection.

[0044] Specifically, the insulation is achieved by distributing the first conductor 71 and the second conductor 72 in staggered layers on the swing plane of the armature assembly 2, thereby creating an insulating gap between the first conductor 71 and the second conductor 72.

[0045] Furthermore, the moving contact group serves as the second connection group, and its parallel arrangement is specifically as follows: the first position moving contact 31 and the third position moving contact 33 are electrically connected through the third conductor 81, and the second position moving contact 32 and the fourth position moving contact 34 are electrically connected through the fourth conductor 82. In this embodiment, the first connection group is the moving contact group, and the third conductor 81 and the fourth conductor 82 are the moving spring group 21. The first connection group and the second connection group are also staggered and insulated on the swing plane of the armature assembly 2.

[0046] This staggered insulation structure eliminates the need for additional complex insulation components, achieving perfect electrical isolation through air gaps. This reduces the size of the relay, significantly improves the insulation reliability of cross wiring, and effectively prevents high-current breakdown.

[0047] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a specific example, the movable reed assembly 21 includes a first movable reed 211 and a second movable reed 212. The first movable reed 211 is provided with a first soldering station 2111, and the second movable reed 212 is provided with a second soldering station 2121. The first soldering station 2111 and the second soldering station 2121 are respectively connected to lead-out terminals 9.

[0048] Example 2 In Embodiment 2, the basic mechanical hardware support structure (such as the armature assembly, the arrangement of moving and stationary contacts, etc.) can be referenced. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the change of wiring logic. Specifically: In Embodiment 2, the stationary contact group serves as the first connection group, with the first position stationary contact electrically connected to the third position stationary contact to form the first terminal; the second position stationary contact is electrically connected to the fourth position stationary contact to form the second terminal. The moving contact group serves as the second connection group, with the first position moving contact electrically connected to the fourth position moving contact to form the third terminal; the second position moving contact is electrically connected to the third position moving contact to form the fourth terminal.

[0049] As a specific example, the first and second terminals are connected to the two poles of the external control power supply, and the third and fourth terminals are connected to the two ends of the coil. Specifically, for example, the first terminal is connected to the positive pole of the external control power supply, the second terminal is connected to the negative pole of the external control power supply, the third terminal is connected to end A of the coil, and the fourth terminal is connected to end B of the coil. The specific circuit connection is as follows: When the armature assembly is in the first operating state, the first stationary contact and the second moving contact are connected, and the second stationary contact and the second moving contact are connected. The current flow is "external power supply positive terminal - first stationary contact - first moving contact - coil A terminal, coil B terminal - second moving contact - second stationary contact - external power supply negative terminal", that is, the external power supply positive terminal is connected to coil A terminal, and the external power supply negative terminal is connected to coil B terminal. When the external power supply inputs a pulse signal to the coil, the armature assembly switches to the second operating state, the third stationary contact and the third moving contact are connected, and the fourth stationary contact and the fourth moving contact are connected. The current flow is "external power supply positive terminal - third stationary contact - third moving contact - coil B terminal, coil A terminal - fourth moving contact - fourth stationary contact - external power supply negative terminal", that is, the external power supply positive terminal is connected to coil B terminal, and the external power supply negative terminal is connected to coil A terminal. In this way, by switching the position of the mechanical contacts left and right, the positive and negative directions of the input coil current are reversed using the cross topology, while the polarity of the external power supply remains unchanged.

[0050] In another embodiment, the wiring method described above can also be such that the first and second terminals are connected to both ends of the coil, and the third and fourth terminals are connected to the two poles of the external control power supply. Specifically, for example, the first terminal is connected to end A of the coil, the second terminal is connected to end B of the coil, the third terminal is connected to the positive pole of the external control power supply, and the fourth terminal is connected to the negative pole of the external control power supply. In this case, the specific circuit connection is as follows: When the armature assembly is in the first operating state, the first moving contact is connected to the first stationary contact, and the second moving contact is connected to the second stationary contact. At this time, the current flow direction is "external power supply positive terminal - first moving contact - first stationary contact - coil A terminal, coil B terminal - second stationary contact - second moving contact - external power supply negative terminal", that is, the external power supply positive terminal is connected to coil A terminal, and the external power supply negative terminal is connected to coil B terminal. When the external power supply inputs a pulse signal to the coil, the armature assembly switches to the second operating state, the third moving contact is connected to the third stationary contact, and the fourth moving contact is connected to the fourth stationary contact. At this time, the current flow direction is "external power supply positive terminal - fourth moving contact - fourth stationary contact - coil B terminal, coil A terminal - third stationary contact - third moving contact - external power supply negative terminal", that is, the external power supply positive terminal is connected to coil B terminal, and the external power supply negative terminal is connected to coil A terminal. At this time, the positive and negative directions of the input coil current can be reversed while the polarity of the external power supply remains unchanged.

[0051] The present invention also provides a relay having the above-described coil polarity conversion relay structure.

[0052] Compared to traditional magnetic latching relays that heavily rely on external H-bridge driver ICs or dual-coil three-pin structures for polarity switching, this invention achieves extremely high internal space integration by using "parallel-cross" mechanical contact routing inside the relay. This allows the product to automatically reverse the coil current direction simply by inputting a pulse signal, without changing the polarity of the external control power supply. This greatly simplifies the user's external drive circuit design and significantly reduces the overall cost.

[0053] The technical means disclosed in this invention are not limited to those disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A coil polarity switching structure, characterized in that, include: Coil assembly, including a coil; An armature assembly, driven to oscillate by the coil, the armature assembly including a movable spring group; The moving contact group includes four moving contacts, which are disposed on the moving reed group; The stationary contact group includes four stationary contacts, which are configured one-to-one with the moving contacts; The moving contact and the stationary contact are respectively set at four contact positions: first position, second position, third position, and fourth position. When the armature assembly swings to the first action state, the stationary contact at the first position is connected to the moving contact at the first position, and the stationary contact at the second position is connected to the moving contact at the second position. When the armature assembly swings to the second action state, the stationary contact at the third position is connected to the moving contact at the third position, and the stationary contact at the fourth position is connected to the moving contact at the fourth position. The moving contact group and the stationary contact group, one of which is a first connection group and the other is a second connection group; In the first connection group, the contact at the first position is electrically connected to the contact at the third position to lead out the first terminal, and the contact at the second position is electrically connected to the contact at the fourth position to lead out the second terminal; In the second connection group, the contact at the first position is electrically connected to the contact at the fourth position to lead out the third terminal, and the contact at the second position is electrically connected to the contact at the third position to lead out the fourth terminal. The first and second terminals are connected to the two poles of an external control power supply, and the third and fourth terminals are connected to the two ends of the coil; or, the first and second terminals are connected to the two ends of the coil, and the third and fourth terminals are connected to the two poles of an external control power supply.

2. The coil polarity switching structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The coil assembly further includes an iron core, and the coil is wound on the iron core; the armature assembly further includes an armature body and a permanent magnet, the movable spring group can swing synchronously with the armature body, and the permanent magnet is configured to provide holding magnetic force. When the coil is energized, the coil assembly generates an electromagnetic field. Based on the different polarities of the electrodes at both ends of the coil, the electromagnetic field is superimposed or canceled by the holding magnetic force of the permanent magnet, driving the armature body to swing and switch between the first operating state and the second operating state.

3. The coil polarity switching structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The armature assembly also includes an insulating push block, which is fixedly mounted on the armature body; the movable spring group is mounted on the insulating push block.

4. The coil polarity switching structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The four contact points are arranged in a matrix or near-matrix arrangement.

5. The coil polarity switching structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first connecting group is arranged in parallel or nearly parallel arrangement, and the second connecting group is arranged in a cross arrangement.

6. The coil polarity switching structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In the second connection group, the contact at the first position and the contact at the fourth position are electrically connected through a first conductor, and the contact at the second position and the contact at the third position are electrically connected through a second conductor. The first conductor and the second conductor are arranged in a cross pattern, and the first conductor and the second conductor have an insulating structure at the point where they cross.

7. The coil polarity switching structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The insulating structure is such that the first conductor and the second conductor are staggered in the upper and lower layers of the armature assembly swing plane, so that an insulating gap is formed between the first conductor and the second conductor.

8. The coil polarity switching structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In the first connection group, the contact at the first position and the contact at the third position are electrically connected through a third conductor, and the contact at the second position and the contact at the fourth position are electrically connected through a fourth conductor. The first connection group and the second connection group are staggered and insulated from each other on the swing plane of the armature assembly.

9. A coil polarity switching structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The moving spring assembly includes a first moving spring and a second moving spring. The first moving spring is provided with a first soldering station, and the second moving spring is provided with a second soldering station. The first soldering station and the second soldering station are respectively connected to lead-out terminals.

10. A relay, characterized in that, The application has a coil polarity switching structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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