Energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device

Abstract

The application discloses an energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The device comprises a photovoltaic module, a light tracking adjusting mechanism, a heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism, and a self-cleaning mechanism. The photovoltaic module is arranged on the light tracking adjusting mechanism, the heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic module, and the self-cleaning mechanism is arranged on the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic module. The energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device is adopted, and the three mechanisms are cooperated and work together. From the three core dimensions of "maximizing the light receiving efficiency, accurately controlling the working temperature, and long-term maintaining the cleanliness of the light receiving surface", which determine the photovoltaic power generation efficiency, the efficiency improvement and energy consumption control system of the whole chain is formed. While the photovoltaic power generation capacity is greatly improved, the dual energy saving of waste energy recovery and operation and maintenance energy consumption reduction is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to an energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, photovoltaic power generation, as a core component of renewable and clean energy, has been widely promoted and applied. However, existing photovoltaic power generation devices still have many technical defects that affect energy-saving effects and power generation efficiency during actual operation.

[0003] Firstly, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules is closely related to the incident light angle. Existing fixed-installation photovoltaic modules can only reach the optimal incident light angle during specific periods, resulting in low average annual light reception efficiency. Furthermore, most mainstream dual-axis tracking devices use high-torque drive motors, which consume a lot of energy during continuous adjustment. This often offsets the power generation gain brought by tracking, and in some cases, "tracking the light actually consumes more electricity," thus failing to achieve true energy saving.

[0004] Secondly, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules decreases significantly with increasing operating temperature. The temperature coefficient of conventional crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules is approximately -0.38% / ℃, meaning that for every 1℃ increase in operating temperature, the conversion efficiency decreases by 0.38%. During the hot summer months, the backsheet temperature of photovoltaic modules can reach over 60℃, resulting in a conversion efficiency degradation of more than 10%. At the same time, a large amount of waste heat generated by photovoltaic modules is directly dissipated into the environment without being effectively utilized, causing serious energy waste.

[0005] Third, dust, fallen leaves, bird droppings, and other pollutants accumulated on the light-receiving surface of photovoltaic modules can significantly reduce light transmittance. According to statistics, outdoor photovoltaic modules that are not cleaned for a long time will have reduced light transmittance, which directly leads to a significant reduction in power generation efficiency. Among the existing cleaning methods, manual cleaning is inefficient, costly, and poses safety hazards. High-pressure water jet automatic cleaning devices not only consume a lot of water but also pose a risk of freezing and damaging the modules in winter. Furthermore, the energy consumption of driving the water pump and the walking mechanism is high, which is not conducive to energy conservation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device. Through a light-tracking adjustment mechanism, the photovoltaic modules achieve real-time tracking of the sun's azimuth and altitude angles in two dimensions, maximizing the duration, uniformity, and effective light-receiving area of ​​the photovoltaic modules from the source, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. A waste heat recovery mechanism actively and uniformly cools the photovoltaic modules, effectively suppressing the temperature rise effect during operation and ensuring stable operation within the rated operating temperature range, extending the lifespan of the photovoltaic modules. Simultaneously, it efficiently recovers the waste heat generated during photovoltaic module operation, realizing a complete energy conversion from solar energy to electrical energy to thermal energy. The cascaded utilization significantly improves the overall energy utilization rate of the device; the self-cleaning mechanism adopts a non-contact cleaning method, which can efficiently remove dust, snow, stains and other obstructions from the light-receiving surface of photovoltaic modules, avoiding problems such as reduced power generation efficiency and local hot spot damage to modules caused by shading of the light-receiving surface; through the cooperation and coordinated work of the three mechanisms, a full-chain efficiency improvement and energy consumption management system is formed from the three core dimensions that determine the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation: "maximizing the light-receiving efficiency, accurately controlling the working temperature, and maintaining the cleanliness of the light-receiving surface in the long term". While significantly increasing the photovoltaic power generation, it also achieves dual energy saving of waste energy recovery and reduced operation and maintenance energy consumption.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device, including a photovoltaic module, a light tracking adjustment mechanism, a heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism, and a self-cleaning mechanism; The photovoltaic modules are mounted on the solar tracking adjustment mechanism, which is used to drive the photovoltaic modules to adjust according to the azimuth and altitude angles of the sun. The heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism is located on the back of the photovoltaic module to cool down the photovoltaic module and recover the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic module during operation. The self-cleaning mechanism is installed on the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module to perform contactless cleaning of the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module.

[0008] Preferably, the tracking adjustment mechanism includes a fixed base, an azimuth adjustment component, an elevation adjustment component, and an installation frame. The fixed base has a support seat inside, the azimuth adjustment component is disposed between the support seat and the fixed base, the azimuth adjustment component has a tray, the elevation adjustment component is disposed between the tray and the installation frame, and the photovoltaic module is disposed on the installation frame.

[0009] Preferably, the azimuth adjustment assembly includes a slewing bearing, the inner ring of which is disposed on a support base, the tray is connected to the outer ring of the slewing bearing, a mounting base is disposed on the fixed base, a stepper motor is disposed inside the mounting base, a spur gear is disposed on the output shaft of the stepper motor, and a coaxial gear is disposed inside the mounting base. The lower part of the coaxial gear meshes with the spur gear, and the upper part of the coaxial gear meshes with the outer ring of the slewing bearing.

[0010] Preferably, the height angle adjustment component includes an electric push rod, a first hinge seat is provided at the bottom end of the electric push rod, a first hinge block is provided on the top surface of the tray, the first hinge seat is connected to the first hinge block, a second hinge seat is provided at the top end of the electric push rod, a second hinge block is provided on the bottom surface of the mounting frame, and the second hinge seat is connected to the second hinge block.

[0011] Preferably, a light sensor for monitoring light intensity is provided on the top surface of the mounting frame.

[0012] Preferably, the heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism includes a heat-conducting substrate, a phase change energy storage cavity, and a waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe. The front side of the heat-conducting substrate is disposed on the back side of the photovoltaic module, the side wall of the phase change energy storage cavity is connected to the back side of the heat-conducting substrate, the phase change energy storage cavity is filled with a composite phase change material, the waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe is disposed inside the phase change energy storage cavity and is in contact with the composite phase change material, and the two ends of the waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, which respectively penetrate the side wall of the phase change energy storage cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the inlet is equipped with a flow regulating valve for adjusting the flow rate, the phase change energy storage chamber is equipped with a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the composite phase change material, and the outer surface of the phase change energy storage chamber is covered with an insulation layer to reduce heat loss during energy storage.

[0014] Preferably, the self-cleaning mechanism includes a guide rail and an ion bar. The guide rail is located on the side wall of the mounting frame, and a sliding seat is provided inside the guide rail. The ion bar is located between two sliding seats, and a high-voltage electrostatic generator is provided on the top surface of the tray. The high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected to the ion bar.

[0015] Preferably, one guide rail has a one-way lead screw inside, and a sliding seat is sleeved on the one-way lead screw. Another guide rail has a guide rod inside, and another sliding seat is sleeved on the guide rod. One end of one guide rail is equipped with a servo motor. One end of the one-way lead screw passes through the guide rail and is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor. The servo motor is covered with a protective frame. The guide rail is equipped with a corrugated flexible hose for dust prevention.

[0016] Therefore, this invention employs the aforementioned energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device, which uses a light-tracking adjustment mechanism to achieve real-time tracking of the photovoltaic modules in both the azimuth and altitude angles of the sun. This maximizes the duration, uniformity, and effective light-receiving area of ​​the photovoltaic modules from the source, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism actively and uniformly cools the photovoltaic modules, effectively suppressing the temperature rise during operation and ensuring stable operation within the rated operating temperature range, thus extending the lifespan of the photovoltaic modules. Simultaneously, it efficiently recovers the waste heat generated during photovoltaic module operation, achieving a complete energy conversion from solar energy to electrical energy to thermal energy. The cascaded utilization significantly improves the overall energy utilization rate of the device; the self-cleaning mechanism adopts a non-contact cleaning method, which can efficiently remove dust, snow, stains and other obstructions from the light-receiving surface of photovoltaic modules, avoiding problems such as reduced power generation efficiency and local hot spot damage to modules caused by shading of the light-receiving surface; through the cooperation and coordinated work of the three mechanisms, a full-chain efficiency improvement and energy consumption management system is formed from the three core dimensions that determine the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation: "maximizing the light-receiving efficiency, accurately controlling the working temperature, and maintaining the cleanliness of the light-receiving surface in the long term". While significantly increasing the photovoltaic power generation, it also achieves dual energy saving of waste energy recovery and reduced operation and maintenance energy consumption.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed base in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism in this invention (I); Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the internal structure of the heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the self-cleaning mechanism in this invention.

[0019] Figure Labels 1. Photovoltaic module; 2. Fixed base; 3. Mounting frame; 4. Support base; 5. Tray; 6. Slewing bearing; 7. Mounting seat; 8. Stepper motor; 9. Spur gear; 10. Coaxial gear; 11. Electric push rod; 12. First hinge seat; 13. First hinge block; 14. Second hinge seat; 15. Second hinge block; 16. Light sensor; 17. Thermal conductive substrate; 18. Phase change energy storage chamber; 19. Waste heat recovery heat exchanger tube; 20. Composite phase change material; 21. Flow regulating valve; 22. Temperature sensor; 23. Insulation layer; 24. Guide rail; 25. Ionizing air bar; 26. Sliding seat; 27. High voltage electrostatic generator; 28. One-way lead screw; 29. ​​Guide rod; 30. Servo motor; 31. Protective frame; 32. Corrugated hose. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0022] like Figures 1-5 As shown, an energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device includes a photovoltaic module 1, a light-tracking adjustment mechanism, a heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism, and a self-cleaning mechanism.

[0023] Four photovoltaic modules 1 are connected in series to form a photovoltaic power generation array, which is fixedly installed on the tracking adjustment mechanism by clips. The tracking adjustment mechanism is used to drive the photovoltaic modules 1 to perform dual-axis adaptive adjustment following the solar azimuth angle and altitude angle.

[0024] A heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism is installed on the back of the photovoltaic module 1. The heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism is used to cool down the photovoltaic module 1 and recover the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic module 1 during operation.

[0025] The light-receiving surface of photovoltaic module 1 is equipped with a self-cleaning mechanism, which is used to clean the light-receiving surface of photovoltaic module 1 in a non-contact manner.

[0026] The device is equipped with a control system, which is electrically connected to the light tracking adjustment mechanism, the heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism, and the self-cleaning mechanism. The control system is also electrically connected to the power output terminal of the photovoltaic module 1 to collect the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module 1 and adjust the working status of each mechanism accordingly to achieve coordinated optimization of power generation gain and its own energy consumption.

[0027] Specifically, the tracking adjustment mechanism includes a fixed base 2, an azimuth angle adjustment component, an elevation angle adjustment component, and an installation frame 3. A support base 4 is welded inside the fixed base 2. The azimuth angle adjustment component is installed between the support base 4 and the fixed base 2. A tray 5 is installed on the azimuth angle adjustment component. The elevation angle adjustment component is installed between the tray 5 and the installation frame 3. Four photovoltaic modules 1 are connected in series to form a photovoltaic power generation array and are fixedly installed on the installation frame 3.

[0028] The azimuth adjustment assembly includes a slewing bearing 6, which is a single-row four-point contact ball bearing. The inner ring of the slewing bearing 6 is fitted onto the support base 4 and fixedly connected to the support base 4 by bolts. The bottom end of the tray 5 is welded to the top surface of the outer ring of the slewing bearing 6. The fixed base 2 is fixedly mounted with a mounting seat 7 by bolts. A stepper motor 8 is installed inside the mounting seat 7. A spur gear 9 is installed on the output shaft of the stepper motor 8. The stepper motor 8 is electrically connected to the control system. A coaxial gear 10 is provided inside the mounting seat 7. The coaxial gear 10 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 7. The lower part of the coaxial gear 10 meshes with the spur gear 9, and the upper part of the coaxial gear 10 meshes with the outer ring of the slewing bearing 6.

[0029] A counterweight is installed on the device. The weight of the counterweight matches the weight of the photovoltaic power generation array. It is used to counteract the off-center load torque when the mounting frame 3 rotates, thereby reducing the drive load of the stepper motor 8.

[0030] The height angle adjustment assembly includes an electric push rod 11, with a first hinge seat 12 welded to the bottom end of the electric push rod 11. A first hinge block 13 is welded to the four corners of the top surface of the tray 5. The first hinge seat 12 is hinged to the first hinge block 13 by a pin. A second hinge seat 14 is welded to the top end of the electric push rod 11. A second hinge block 15 is welded to the four corners of the bottom surface of the mounting frame 3. The second hinge seat 14 is hinged to the second hinge block 15 by a pin. The electric push rod 11 is electrically connected to the control system. The extension and retraction stroke of the electric push rod 11 can realize the height angle adjustment of the mounting frame 3 from 0 to 90°.

[0031] A light sensor 16 is installed on the top edge of the mounting frame 3. The light sensor 16 is used to monitor the light intensity. The signal output terminal of the light sensor 16 is electrically connected to the control system. The control system performs closed-loop correction through the built-in algorithm and the light data provided by the light sensor 16, and drives the azimuth angle adjustment component and the elevation angle adjustment component to perform step adjustment.

[0032] The heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism includes a thermally conductive substrate 17, a phase change energy storage cavity 18, and a waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe 19. The front side of the thermally conductive substrate 17 is fully bonded to the back side of the photovoltaic module 1 by thermally conductive silicone to ensure that the heat generated by the photovoltaic module 1 is quickly transferred to the thermally conductive substrate 17. The back side of the thermally conductive substrate 17 is welded to the front wall of the phase change energy storage cavity 18. The interior of the phase change energy storage cavity 18 is filled with a composite phase change material 20. The waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe 19 is embedded inside the phase change energy storage cavity 18 and is in contact with the composite phase change material 20. One end of the waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe 19 is provided with a water inlet, and the other end of the water inlet penetrates the left side wall of the phase change energy storage cavity 18. The other end of the waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe 19 is provided with a water outlet, and the other end of the water outlet penetrates the right side wall of the phase change energy storage cavity 18.

[0033] Among them, the thermally conductive substrate 17 is made of aluminum alloy substrate with high thermal conductivity and a thickness of two millimeters; the phase change energy storage cavity 18 is made of aluminum alloy sealed cavity with a thickness of fifteen millimeters; the composite phase change material 20 is a composite phase change material of paraffin and expanded graphite with a phase change temperature of 40℃ and a latent heat of phase change ≥180kJ / kg. When the temperature of the back sheet of the photovoltaic module 1 exceeds 40℃, the composite phase change material 20 melts and absorbs heat, stabilizing the temperature of the photovoltaic module 1 at about 40℃, avoiding the degradation of conversion efficiency caused by high temperature; the waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe 19 is made of serpentine copper pipe, and the inlet and outlet are both connected to the user's domestic water tank. Tap water flows into the waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe 19 from the inlet, absorbs the heat in the phase change energy storage cavity 18, and then flows into the water tank from the outlet to realize waste heat recovery.

[0034] A flow regulating valve 21 is installed on the water inlet. The flow regulating valve 21 is used to regulate the flow rate of tap water. The flow regulating valve 21 is an electric ball valve. The flow regulating valve 21 is electrically connected to the control system. A temperature sensor 22 is installed inside the phase change energy storage chamber 18. The temperature sensor 22 is used to monitor the temperature of the composite phase change material 20. The signal output terminal of the temperature sensor 22 is electrically connected to the control system.

[0035] The control system collects the backsheet temperature of the photovoltaic module 1 and the internal temperature of the phase change energy storage chamber 18 in real time. When the temperature of the phase change energy storage chamber 18 exceeds 45°C, the opening of the flow regulating valve 21 is increased to accelerate the heat exchange rate. When the temperature of the phase change energy storage chamber 18 is below 35°C, the valve opening is reduced or the valve is closed to ensure that the photovoltaic module 1 is always in the high-efficiency operating temperature range, while maximizing the recovery of waste heat.

[0036] The insulation layer 23 is made of polyurethane insulation material with a thickness of 10 mm. It covers the outer surface of the phase change energy storage cavity 18, leaving only the front side wall that is in contact with the heat-conducting substrate 17 to reduce heat loss during the energy storage process.

[0037] The self-cleaning mechanism includes guide rails 24 and ion air bars 25. The two guide rails 24 are fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of the mounting frame 3 by bolts. Sliding seats 26 are inserted inside the guide rails 24 and slide along the guide rails 24. The ion air bars 25 are installed between the two sliding seats 26 by snap-fit. The length of the ion air bars 25 matches the length of the photovoltaic power generation array. The air outlet of the ion air bars 25 faces the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module 1 and is 50 mm away from the light-receiving surface. A high-voltage electrostatic generator 27 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the tray 5 by bolts. The output end of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 27 is electrically connected to the ion air bars 25 through a high-voltage cable to provide high-voltage power to the ion air bars 25. The high-voltage electrostatic generator 27 is electrically connected to the control system. When the ion air bars 25 are working, they generate a large amount of ion airflow with positive and negative charges to neutralize the charge of dust on the surface of the photovoltaic module 1. At the same time, the airflow blows the dust away from the surface of the photovoltaic module 1, realizing contactless cleaning.

[0038] A one-way screw 28 is inserted inside the left guide rail 24, and the one-way screw 28 is rotatably connected to the guide rail 24. A threaded hole matching the one-way screw 28 is opened on the left sliding seat 26, and the sliding seat 26 is sleeved on the one-way screw 28 through the threaded hole. The sliding seat 26 slides along the guide rail 24 in cooperation with the one-way screw 28 through the threaded hole. A guide rod 29 is welded inside the right guide rail 24. A through hole matching the guide rod 29 is opened on the left sliding seat 26, and the sliding seat 26 is sleeved on the guide rod 29 through the through hole. The upper end of the left guide rail 24 is... The guide rail 24 is equipped with a servo motor 30. One end of the one-way lead screw 28 passes through the top wall of the guide rail 24 and is fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor 30. The servo motor 30 is electrically connected to the control system. The outer cover of the servo motor 30 is equipped with a protective frame 31. Both guide rails 24 are equipped with corrugated hoses 32 for dust prevention. The corrugated hose 32 inside the left guide rail 24 is sleeved on the one-way lead screw 28, and the corrugated hose 32 inside the right guide rail 24 is sleeved on the guide rod 29. The two ends of the corrugated hose 32 are respectively attached to the inner wall of the guide rail 24 and the side wall of the sliding seat 26.

[0039] In the photovoltaic power generation array, each photovoltaic module 1 has an independent power optimizer connected in series at its output end. The output ends of all power optimizers are connected in parallel and then connected to the photovoltaic combiner box, and then to the grid-connected inverter. The power optimizer is connected to the control system and can upload parameters such as the output voltage, current, and power of a single photovoltaic module 1 in real time. At the same time, it can receive control commands from the control system to realize independent maximum power point tracking of a single photovoltaic module 1.

[0040] Working principle: After sunrise, the control system drives the light-tracking adjustment mechanism to rotate the photovoltaic module 1 based on the real-time feedback from the light sensor 16, so that the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module 1 is always perpendicular to the incident sunlight, thereby maximizing the light reception efficiency.

[0041] The heat generated by the photovoltaic module 1 during operation is quickly conducted to the phase change energy storage chamber 18 through the heat-conducting substrate 17. The composite phase change material 20 melts and absorbs heat, stabilizing the operating temperature of the photovoltaic module 1 at around 40°C within the high-efficiency conversion range, thus avoiding high-temperature efficiency degradation. When the temperature inside the phase change energy storage chamber 18 exceeds 45°C, the flow regulating valve 21 opens, and tap water absorbs heat through the waste heat recovery heat exchanger 19, converting it into domestic hot water, thereby realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat and improving the overall energy utilization rate.

[0042] When dust on the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module 1 reduces its light transmittance, the control system activates the self-cleaning mechanism. The high-voltage electrostatic generator 27 provides high-voltage power to the ion air bar 25, which generates charged ion airflow to neutralize the dust charge and blow it away from the surface of the photovoltaic module 1. The servo motor 30 drives the unidirectional lead screw 28 to rotate, which in turn drives the sliding seat 26 to move back and forth along the guide rail 24 to complete the full surface cleaning. After cleaning is completed, the machine automatically stops to maintain the high light transmittance of the photovoltaic module 1.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device, characterized in that: This includes photovoltaic modules, a light-tracking adjustment mechanism, a heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism, and a self-cleaning mechanism; The photovoltaic module is mounted on the solar tracking adjustment mechanism, which is used to drive the photovoltaic module to adjust according to the solar azimuth angle and altitude angle; The heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism is located on the back of the photovoltaic module and is used to cool down the photovoltaic module and recover the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic module during operation. The self-cleaning mechanism is disposed on the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module and is used to perform non-contact cleaning of the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module.

2. The energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tracking adjustment mechanism includes a fixed base, an azimuth angle adjustment component, an elevation angle adjustment component, and a mounting frame. The fixed base has a support seat inside. The azimuth angle adjustment component is disposed between the support seat and the fixed base. The azimuth angle adjustment component has a tray. The elevation angle adjustment component is disposed between the tray and the mounting frame. The photovoltaic module is disposed on the mounting frame.

3. The energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The azimuth adjustment assembly includes a slewing bearing, the inner ring of which is disposed on the support base, the tray is connected to the outer ring of the slewing bearing, a mounting base is disposed on the fixed base, a stepper motor is disposed inside the mounting base, a spur gear is disposed on the output shaft of the stepper motor, and a coaxial gear is disposed inside the mounting base. The lower part of the coaxial gear meshes with the spur gear, and the upper part of the coaxial gear meshes with the outer ring of the slewing bearing.

4. The energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height angle adjustment assembly includes an electric push rod, a first hinge seat at the bottom of the electric push rod, a first hinge block at the top surface of the tray, the first hinge seat being connected to the first hinge block, a second hinge seat at the top of the electric push rod, a second hinge block at the bottom surface of the mounting frame, and the second hinge seat being connected to the second hinge block.

5. The energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top surface of the mounting frame is equipped with a light sensor for monitoring light intensity.

6. The energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat dissipation and waste heat recovery mechanism includes a thermally conductive substrate, a phase change energy storage cavity, and a waste heat recovery heat exchange tube. The front side of the thermally conductive substrate is disposed on the back side of the photovoltaic module. The side wall of the phase change energy storage cavity is connected to the back side of the thermally conductive substrate. The phase change energy storage cavity is filled with a composite phase change material. The waste heat recovery heat exchange tube is disposed inside the phase change energy storage cavity and is in contact with the composite phase change material. The two ends of the waste heat recovery heat exchange tube are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet and outlet respectively penetrate the side wall of the phase change energy storage cavity.

7. An energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inlet is equipped with a flow regulating valve for adjusting the flow rate, the phase change energy storage cavity is equipped with a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the composite phase change material, and the outer surface of the phase change energy storage cavity is covered with an insulation layer for reducing heat loss during energy storage.

8. An energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The self-cleaning mechanism includes a guide rail and an ion bar. The guide rail is disposed on the side wall of the mounting frame, and a sliding seat is disposed inside the guide rail. The ion bar is disposed between two of the sliding seats. A high-voltage electrostatic generator is disposed on the top surface of the tray, and the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected to the ion bar.

9. An energy-saving photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: One of the guide rails has a one-way lead screw inside, and a sliding seat is sleeved on the one-way lead screw. Another guide rail has a guide rod inside, and another sliding seat is sleeved on the guide rod. One end of the guide rail is equipped with a servo motor. One end of the one-way lead screw passes through the guide rail and is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor. The servo motor is covered with a protective frame. The guide rail is equipped with a corrugated flexible hose for dust prevention.

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