Photovoltaic module, system and method for operational safety management

Abstract

The present application relates to photovoltaic module, system and operation safety management method, module includes photovoltaic plate carrier through two plug-in boards in lower part and is fixed on the base pile of hoop. Still include: cross arm, is fixed in the detachable mode between plug-in board, is equipped with multiple supporting legs around the circumferential phase distribution and is formed with the arm lever on supporting leg and extends to the top surface of base pile above;Box, including the box body fixed on the top surface of base pile;The side wall of box body is equipped with multiple-stage through hole for the free end of arm lever to extend to the cavity of box body;Multiple elastic plugging structures, are fixed at the port of multiple-stage through hole or hole cavity;And sensing unit, including multiple sensors fixed in the cavity;Arm lever is inserted into the cavity through elastic plugging structure and matches sensor, and the radial movement and movement in vertical direction of end part can all cause sensor to generate sensing signal.The present application helps to solve the problem that the connection state between photovoltaic plate and base pile lacks timely and effective monitoring means in prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to photovoltaic modules, systems, and operation and maintenance safety management methods. Specifically, it relates to a photovoltaic module that can provide a timely warning signal when the fixing state of the photovoltaic panel (or solar panel) on the site fixed support column / piles becomes significantly / excessively loose, as well as a photovoltaic system with the photovoltaic module and a remote operation and maintenance safety management method for photovoltaic fields based on the system. Background Technology

[0002] Distributed photovoltaic (PV) power stations / fields are typically located in open areas on the outskirts of towns or in unobstructed locations on mountains or high ground. These relatively remote and open locations often result in long-term unattended or inconveniently managed operations. Currently, PV power plants generally have multiple fixed piles distributed across the site, with the PV panels pre-fixed on PV panel support frames. Therefore, in the power plant, the distribution of PV panels is completed simply by fixing each PV panel support frame (already bearing the PV panels) to the corresponding piles using clamp components. Afterward, the PV panels are connected to the power distribution system to generate electricity (and supply power to the grid). Once installed, the PV panels need to be kept at an angle. Because the site is open, they are frequently subjected to the impact of strong winds and surrounding turbulent airflow. Furthermore, because the magnitude, direction, duration, and impact frequency of the loads / forces exerted by wind and airflow on the photovoltaic panel support frame are highly variable and unpredictable, they can easily cause extremely unstable mechanical vibrations in the support frame. This may lead to the gradual loosening of the bolts / screws (components of the clamping assembly) that securely connect the photovoltaic panel support frame to the foundation pile, thereby adversely affecting the firmness and reliability of the connection between the photovoltaic panel support frame and the foundation pile. When the connection between the photovoltaic panel support frame and the foundation pile becomes excessively loose, the photovoltaic panel support frame may experience significant swaying / wobbling relative to the foundation pile, or even be lifted off the foundation pile by strong winds. This can easily damage the operational safety and stability of the electric field, and may even cause accidents.

[0003] Furthermore, because photovoltaic farms are located far from towns, cover a large area, and are relatively scattered, relying on manual labor to inspect the fixation of each photovoltaic panel to its foundation pile is not only labor-intensive and costly, but also results in poor timeliness of early warning and maintenance, and is prone to oversights. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a monitoring scheme that can provide real-time early warning capabilities to overcome the problem of issuing timely warnings when significant loosening occurs between the photovoltaic panels and the foundation piles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, system, and operation and maintenance safety management method.

[0005] To achieve its technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel support frame fixed to a foundation pile by multiple pairs of clamps, as well as a crossarm, a box, multiple elastic sealing structures, and a sensing unit. The sensing unit includes multiple sensors.

[0007] The photovoltaic panel support frame has a U-shaped arm at the bottom. Both insert plates of the U-shaped arm have vertically extending slots. After the insert plates pass between the opposing clamps on the pair of clamps, they can be connected to the clamps by studs to form a whole, thus rigidly fixing the photovoltaic panel support frame to the foundation pile as a whole.

[0008] The cross arm is detachably fixed between two insert plates and located above the top surface of the foundation pile. At the center of the cross arm, there are multiple legs that are distributed alternately around the circumference. The legs extend downward in the vertical direction, and each leg has a boom that can extend to the top surface of the foundation pile.

[0009] The box includes a box body fixed to the top surface of the foundation pile and a cover that seals the port of the box body. The side wall of the box body has multi-stage through holes that correspond to and match the boom, allowing the free end of the boom to extend into the cavity of the box body through these through holes. The inner diameter of the multi-stage through holes is larger than the outer diameter of the boom.

[0010] Multiple elastic sealing structures are fixedly installed at the port or cavity of each multi-stage through hole.

[0011] The sensing unit includes multiple sensors fixedly installed inside the cavity and corresponding one-to-one with the multi-level through holes. Each arm extends into the cavity after passing through each elastic sealing structure and corresponds one-to-one with each sensor. The radial movement and vertical flipping movement of the arm end can cause changes in the physical quantity of the sensor and generate a sensing signal.

[0012] The elastic sealing structure can prevent external substances, such as dust, water vapor, and suspended matter, from easily entering the cavity. At least to a certain extent, it can ensure that the operating environment of the sensor is kept relatively clean and tidy, and is not easily affected by excessive interference, resulting in failure or distortion.

[0013] Optionally, the free end of the arm is matched to the sensor in a non-contact manner.

[0014] Optionally, the sensor is a capacitive sensor. The sensor body and the electrode plates of the capacitive sensor are disposed opposite each other at both ends of the support frame. The support frame is fixedly disposed within the housing body, with the electrode plates positioned closer to the multi-stage through-hole. The free end of the arm is provided with a dielectric section, and the free end of the dielectric section is positioned at one end of the gap region between the two electrode plates. The other end of the dielectric section is located opposite to the outside of the gap region.

[0015] Optionally, the dielectric portion includes a first portion and a second portion, with the second portion formed above and below the end of the first portion. The width of the first portion in the vertical direction is the same as the width of the electrode plate in the vertical direction. Notches are formed at the end of the first portion and near the second portion.

[0016] Optionally, the elastic sealing structure includes an annular body fixed at the outer port of the multi-stage through-hole, and at least one elastic membrane sealing the inner annular opening of the annular body. If multiple elastic membranes are provided, the multiple elastic membranes are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the annular body. The middle part of the arm is fixedly connected to the elastic membranes.

[0017] Optionally, the boom includes boom one and boom two. One end of boom one is fixedly connected to the outrigger, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of boom two via a threaded structure. The other end of boom two is matched with a sensor.

[0018] Optionally, the end of the multi-stage through-hole facing the elastic membrane is formed as a tapered countersunk hole, and the flared end of the tapered countersunk hole faces outward.

[0019] A photovoltaic system comprising multiple photovoltaic modules of any of the above forms, multiple site base stations, and a remote monitoring unit.

[0020] Multiple photovoltaic (PV) modules are distributed across multiple PV fields and connected to corresponding site base stations, enabling the sensor signals emitted by each PV module to be transmitted in real-time to the remote monitoring unit via the site base stations. It should be noted that each PV field (or each site) contains multiple PV modules, and the number of PV modules deployed in each site needs to be determined based on the effective usable area of ​​each site. Generally, the PV modules are distributed in a matrix array.

[0021] The remote monitoring unit can analyze and process the received sensor signals and determine whether to issue a warning. Simultaneously, the remote monitoring unit can generate corresponding warning interface frames for different sites, displaying these frames in an overlapping manner on the screen. Each warning interface frame contains a unit flashing light icon and a total flashing light icon corresponding to a photovoltaic module, with the total flashing light icon located at the outer corner of the warning interface frame. The distribution of the unit flashing light icons in each warning interface frame corresponds to the distribution of multiple photovoltaic modules in the corresponding site.

[0022] An operation and maintenance safety management method, based on the aforementioned photovoltaic system, is characterized by the following: After the remote monitoring unit analyzes and processes the received sensor signals and determines that an early warning signal needs to be issued, the corresponding unit flashing light icon of the photovoltaic module will flash continuously. When any unit flashing light icon in the early warning interface box flashes, the overall flashing light icon above it will also flash simultaneously.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The photovoltaic module involved in this application helps to solve the problem of the lack of timely and effective monitoring methods for the connection status between photovoltaic panels (or photovoltaic panel support frames) and foundation piles in the prior art. It helps to promote the implementation of monitoring and supervision schemes that can realize real-time early warning functions for the connection firmness between photovoltaic panels and foundation piles, and thus helps to issue timely early warnings when there is significant / excessive loosening between photovoltaic panels and foundation piles. Specifically, the photovoltaic module involved can transmit sensor detection signals to a remote monitoring unit based on the monitoring of the vibration / swaying of the photovoltaic panel support frame relative to the foundation pile. The remote monitoring unit analyzes the sensor signals to determine the firmness or looseness of the connection status between the photovoltaic panel support frame and the foundation pile, and thus can issue effective early warning signals in a timely manner, requesting and orderly arranging maintenance personnel to maintain the connection structure between the photovoltaic panel support frame and the foundation pile in a timely and accurate manner when there is excessive loosening. Therefore, the photovoltaic system and operation and maintenance safety management method involved in this application can help to issue timely warnings when there is significant loosening between the photovoltaic panels and the foundation piles, and can realize remote monitoring through the Internet of Things and timely arrange maintenance. This will help improve the information management level of photovoltaic farms, improve maintenance efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and greatly suppress the occurrence of photovoltaic panel detachment accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module from the front view.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top-view diagram showing the distribution of multiple capacitive sensors in a capacitive sensor group.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of the dielectric section / dielectric section of a capacitive sensor when it is matched with the housing body.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment in the main view of the end of the medium section.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the control panel (display) interface of a photovoltaic system.

[0031] In the diagram: 10 Foundation pile; 20 Clamping hoop; 21 Clamping arm; 30 Photovoltaic panel support frame; 31 Fixed frame; 32 U-shaped arm; 321 Insert plate; 322 Strip through groove; 323 Through hole; 40 Horizontal arm; 41 Support leg; 411 Arm rod one; 412 Arm rod two; 413 Medium part; 4131 First part; 4132 Notch; 4133 Second part; 50 Box; 51 Box body; 511 Cavity; 512 Boss; 5121 Multi-stage through hole; 52 Top cover; 60 Elastic sealing structure; 61 Ring body; 62 Elastic membrane; 70 Sensing unit; 71 Sensor body; 72 Support frame; 73 Electrode plate; 731 Spacing area; 80 Communication unit; 90 Site base station; 100 Remote monitoring unit; 101 Early warning interface frame; 102 Unit flashing light icon; 103 Overall flashing light icon. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The structures, proportions, and sizes illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes and to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, provided they do not affect the effectiveness or purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, terms such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 6 The photovoltaic module shown includes a photovoltaic panel support frame 30 fixed to the upper part of the foundation pile 10 by two pairs of clamps 20, as well as a cross arm 40, a box 50, multiple elastic sealing structures 60, and a sensing unit 70. The sensing unit 70 includes multiple sensors.

[0034] Similar to existing technology, a U-shaped arm 32 is provided at the lower part of the fixed frame 30 of the photovoltaic panel support frame 30. Each of the two insert plates 321 of the U-shaped arm 32 has a vertically extending strip-shaped through groove 322. The insert plate 321 passes between two opposing clamping arms 21 on the paired clamps 20 and is connected to the clamps 20 via studs / bolts (including nuts / nut fittings), thus fixing the photovoltaic panel support frame 30 to the upper part of the foundation pile 10 and allowing the photovoltaic panel to maintain an inclined state while running on the fixed frame 30. The aforementioned technical features fall within the scope of existing technology and will not be elaborated further.

[0035] In the technical solution of this application, the cross arm 40, the box 50, the elastic sealing structure 60, and the sensing unit 70 are associatedly arranged between the U-shaped arm 32 and the foundation pile 10. This is intended to allow the sensing unit 70, fixed to the top of the foundation pile 10, to feed back the swaying / oscillating state of the photovoltaic panel support frame 30 under the action of external forces (wind, surrounding turbulent airflow, external mechanical vibration, etc.) (especially its vertical movement in different directions such as front, back, left, and right) when the secure fixing between the U-shaped arm 32 and the clamp 20 becomes loose. This will cause a change in the physical quantity of the sensing unit 70, thereby generating a sensing signal in real time. Ultimately, this helps to provide (analytical data) conditions for monitoring and judging the secure fixing status of the photovoltaic panel support frame 30. In other words, the photovoltaic module involved needs to cooperate with the processor of the peripheral device (such as the remote monitoring unit 100 mentioned in this application) to actually achieve the purpose of early warning monitoring. Therefore, the photovoltaic module involved in this application helps to solve the problem (in the prior art) of the lack of timely and effective monitoring means for the connection status between the photovoltaic panel and the foundation pile 10.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the cross arm 40 is detachably fixed between the two insert plates 321 and positioned above the top surface of the foundation pile 10, with a vertical distance between it and the top surface of the foundation pile 10. Specifically, multiple vertically spaced through holes 323 are formed on the insert plate 321 above the corresponding upper strip-shaped through groove 322. Through hole structures are formed at both ends of the cross arm 40, allowing the through hole structures at both ends to align with portions of the multiple through holes 323, thus enabling the two ends of the cross arm 40 to be fixed to the two insert plates 321 by studs / bolts / screws.

[0037] Four legs 41 are evenly distributed around the circumference at the lower part of the horizontal arm 40 at the center of its length direction, and each leg 41 has a boom (including boom 1 411 and boom 2 412) that can extend to the top surface of the foundation pile 10. Of the four booms, one pair is arranged opposite each other left and right, and the other pair is arranged opposite each other front and back.

[0038] The box 50 includes a box body 51 fixed to the top surface of the foundation pile 10 and a cover (top cover 52 as shown in the figure) that can seal the (upper) port of the box body 51. The side wall of the box body 51 is provided with four multi-stage through holes 5121 that correspond one-to-one with the arm, allowing the free end of the arm to extend into the cavity 511 of the box body 51 through each multi-stage through hole 5121. See also Figure 4 The (minimum) inner diameter of the multi-stage through hole 5121 is larger than the outer diameter of the arm. Generally, the minimum inner diameter of the multi-stage through hole 5121 is more than 1.2 times the outer diameter of the arm, preferably more than 2 times. Specifically, a boss 512 is formed on the side wall of the box body 51, and the multi-stage through hole 5121 is provided on the boss 512 to increase the axial extension depth of the multi-stage through hole 5121, so that the tapered countersunk hole at the port of the multi-stage through hole 5121 can have a relatively deep extension. See [reference needed]. Figure 4 .

[0039] Four elastic sealing structures 60 are fixedly installed in the cavities of each multi-stage through hole 5121 (e.g.) Figure 3 The facility scheme shown) or at the port (such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 (Scheme shown).

[0040] The sensing unit 70 includes four sensors fixedly disposed within the cavity 511 and corresponding one-to-one with the four multi-level through holes 5121. The arm can pass through each elastic sealing structure 60 and extend into the cavity 511, so that its end section corresponds to and matches the sensor.

[0041] When the clamping and fixing of the clamp 20 to the insert plate 321 gradually loosens due to mechanical vibration, the relative fixation between the photovoltaic panel support frame 30 and the foundation pile 10 will correspondingly deteriorate, making it easier for the photovoltaic panel support frame 30 to sway or shake relative to the foundation pile 10 under external force. The swaying and shaking of the photovoltaic panel support frame 30 will cause the insert plate 321 to move / operate synchronously with the cross arm 40, which in turn causes the support leg 41 to move / operate the arm, allowing the free end of the arm to move radially and / or vertically relative to the top surface of the foundation pile 10 (maintaining a vertical distance between the arm end and the top surface). This radial movement / movement and vertical tumbling / movement of the arm end will cause physical changes in the sensor, generating a sensing signal.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the sensor is a capacitive sensor. The sensor body 71 and the electrode assembly (containing two electrodes 73) are disposed opposite each other at both ends of the support frame 72. The support frame 72 is fixedly disposed within the cavity 511 of the housing body 51, with the electrodes 73 positioned close to the inner port of the multi-stage through hole 5121. The free end of the arm is provided with a dielectric portion 413, and the free end of the dielectric portion 413 is positioned at one end of the spacing region 731 between the two electrodes 73. The other end of the dielectric portion 413 is (partially) located opposite to the outside of the spacing region 731.

[0043] To increase the sensing sensitivity of the free end of the boom, or the medium section 413, when it moves within the spacing region 731, the following specific design can be implemented. See below. Figure 6 As shown, the medium portion 413 includes a first portion 4131 and a second portion 4133, with the second portion 4133 formed above and below the (free end) end of the first portion 4131. The vertical width of the first portion 4131 (its main body) is the same as the vertical width of the electrode plate 73. Notches 4132 are formed at the end of the first portion 4131 and near the second portion 4133, such that the volume of the medium extending between the two electrode plates 73 in the initial state is relatively small, thereby causing a significant change in the volume of the medium between the two electrode plates 73 when the arm moves relative to the electrode plates. The other end of the first portion 4131 is (partially) located outside the spacing region 731. Thus, when the arm end or the medium part 413 moves radially and / or moves and flips in the vertical direction, it can cause a significant change in the medium part of the capacitive sensor between the two plates 73, resulting in a relatively significant change in the physical quantity and improving the sensitivity of the sensing signal.

[0044] exist Figure 6(A) is a schematic diagram of the state before the free end of the medium section 413 extends into the gap region 731 between the two electrodes 73; (B) is a schematic diagram of the initial state when the free end of the medium section 413 extends into the gap region 731 between the two electrodes 73; (C) is a schematic diagram of the state when the free end of the medium section 413 flips (flips downward) relative to the two electrodes 73 in the vertical direction; (D) is a schematic diagram of the state when the free end of the medium section 413 moves (moves into the gap region 731) relative to the two electrodes 73 in the radial direction. A comparison reveals that in the initial state, only the portion of the free end of the medium section 413 with the notch 4132 corresponds to the area between the two plates 73, meaning that the volume of the effective medium between the two plates 73 is relatively small. When the arm flips vertically along the ω direction, the second portion 4133 gradually extends between the two plates 73, significantly increasing the volume of the effective medium between them. Similarly, when the arm moves radially along the V direction into the spacing region 731, the main body of the first portion 4131 (the portion without the notch 4132) gradually extends between the two plates 73, also significantly increasing the volume of the effective medium between them. When the arm both flips along the ω direction and moves along the V direction into the spacing region 731, the increase in the volume of the effective medium between the two plates 73 becomes even more significant.

[0045] In other specific embodiments, the sensor may also be a grating sensor, an eddy current sensor, etc.

[0046] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the elastic sealing structure 60 includes an annular body 61 fixed at the outer port of the multi-stage through hole 5121, and an elastic membrane 62 sealing the inner annular opening of the annular body 61. If multiple layers of elastic membranes 62 are provided, the multiple layers of elastic membranes 62 are arranged alternately in the axial direction of the annular body 61. The middle part of the arm is fixedly connected to the elastic membrane 62. Specifically, the arm includes an arm 411 and an arm 412. One end of the arm 411 is fixedly connected to the support leg 41 (the two can be integrally formed), and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the arm 412 through a threaded structure. The other end of the arm 412 is provided with the medium part 413, which corresponds to and matches the sensor. A through-hole structure is formed at the axis of the elastic membrane 62, through which the threaded section of the first arm 411 passes and matches the threaded countersunk hole at the end of the second arm 412, thereby clamping the center of the elastic membrane 62 between the opposite end faces of the two arms. When the arms move in space, they can pull the surface of the elastic membrane 62 to produce elastic deformation. This increases the (radial) area of ​​the opposite end faces of the first arm 411 and the second arm 412, and elastic washers are placed on the opposite end faces to directly contact the elastic membrane 62 and press against the membrane surface, thereby reducing the degree of wear damage to the membrane at the center of the elastic membrane 62 during arm movement / movement.

[0047] The multi-stage through-hole 5121 is formed as a conical countersunk hole at one end facing the elastic membrane 62, with the flared end of the conical countersunk hole facing outward. This reduces the adverse effects of the port of the multi-stage through-hole 5121 on the surface of the elastic membrane 62 when it deforms.

[0048] A communication unit 80 can be installed inside the cavity 511, and the sensor can be connected to the communication unit 80 to transmit the sensing signal outward. For example, the communication unit 80 can be connected to the site base station 90, and then indirectly connected to the remote monitoring unit 100 to establish a communication relationship.

[0049] like Figure 7As shown, this application also relates to a photovoltaic system, which includes multiple photovoltaic modules of any of the forms mentioned above, multiple site base stations 90, and a remote monitoring unit 100. The multiple photovoltaic modules are distributed across multiple photovoltaic fields and are respectively connected to the site base station 90 of the corresponding field, so that the sensing signals emitted by each photovoltaic module can be transmitted in real time to the remote monitoring unit 100 via the site base station 90. The remote monitoring unit 100 includes a communication module unit, a processor module unit, a power supply module unit, a setting module unit, an early warning module unit, and a display module unit, etc. It should be noted that each photovoltaic field (or each field) contains multiple photovoltaic modules, and the number of photovoltaic modules deployed in each field needs to be specifically arranged according to the effective usable area of ​​each field. Generally, the photovoltaic modules are distributed in a matrix array.

[0050] The remote monitoring unit 100 can analyze and process the received sensor signals and determine whether to issue a warning. Furthermore, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the remote monitoring unit 100 can also generate corresponding early warning interface boxes 101 for different sites (the figure shows early warning interface boxes A, B, C and D for four sites), and display the early warning interface boxes 101 corresponding to each site on the display screen in an interleaved and superimposed manner.

[0051] The warning interface frame 101 contains unit flashing light icons 102 and a total flashing light icon 103, each corresponding to a photovoltaic module. The total flashing light icon 103 is located at an exposed corner of the warning interface frame 101, making it easily noticeable when it flashes. The distribution of the unit flashing light icons 102 in each warning interface frame 101 is consistent with the distribution of multiple photovoltaic modules in the corresponding site, forming a matrix array as shown in the figure. This makes it easy to quickly locate the specific position of the photovoltaic module that issued the warning signal or that has malfunctioned and needs maintenance.

[0052] Based on the aforementioned photovoltaic system, this application also relates to an operation and maintenance safety management method, which includes the following technical features: After the remote monitoring unit 100 analyzes and processes the received sensor signals and determines that a warning signal needs to be issued, the corresponding photovoltaic module's unit flashing light icon 102 will continuously flash. Furthermore, when any unit flashing light icon 102 in the warning interface frame 101 flashes, the overall flashing light icon 103 above it will also flash simultaneously. This helps staff to promptly identify faulty photovoltaic fields and the specific location of loose photovoltaic modules within those fields.

[0053] The unit flashing light icon 102 can be selected as a multi-color flashing light icon, emitting red, yellow, and other colors of light. Simultaneously, the remote monitoring unit 100 analyzes and processes the received sensor signals, issuing graded warning information and causing the unit flashing light icon 102 to emit different colors of light. This allows staff to judge the urgency level based on the light color, enabling them to rationally and systematically arrange maintenance work. For example, if the looseness of a photovoltaic module just reaches the warning line (i.e., it still has a relatively stable connection and is unlikely to damage the electric field, with a very low probability of causing an accident), its corresponding unit flashing light icon 102 will flash yellow; if a photovoltaic module has reached an excessively loose state (i.e., it may damage the electric field at any time, or even cause an accident), its corresponding unit flashing light icon 102 will flash red. The degree of looseness of the fixed connection of the photovoltaic module is determined based on the position of its photovoltaic panel support frame 30 relative to the foundation pile 10 in at least one orientation (including...). Figure 3 As shown, the amplitude and frequency of the swing (specifically determined by analyzing the amplitude and frequency of the sensor signal) in the vertical swing state in the X direction and / or vertical swing state in the Y direction are used to judge the swing.

[0054] In the technical solution of this application, the number of capacitive sensors can be two, arranged opposite each other; or the number of capacitive sensors can be four, arranged opposite each other (in...). Figure 3 (as shown in the Y direction), left and right (in) Figure 3 (As shown in the X direction) are set relatively.

[0055] When four capacitive sensors are provided, the front and rear capacitive sensors can be connected in a related manner, allowing the changes in physical quantities / sensing signals of the two sensors to be superimposed. This superimposed signal is then sent to the remote monitoring unit 100, which analyzes and processes it. Similarly, connecting the left and right capacitive sensors in a related manner also allows the changes in physical quantities / sensing signals of the two sensors to be superimposed, and this superimposed signal is also sent to the remote monitoring unit 100 for analysis and processing. This enables the monitoring of the maximum travel distance (i.e., the degree of loosening in each direction) of the photovoltaic panel support frame 30 relative to the foundation pile 10 in both the front-rear and left-right directions. If the maximum travel distance / loosening degree in either direction reaches or exceeds the corresponding warning threshold (pre-set warning thresholds A and B for the two directions respectively), a warning signal / information is issued. In other words, if the immediate warning value (which may be related to amplitude) in the X direction is greater than the corresponding warning threshold A, the remote monitoring unit 100 will issue a warning signal; similarly, if the immediate warning value (which may be related to amplitude) in the Y direction is greater than the corresponding warning threshold B, the remote monitoring unit 100 will also issue a warning signal. Generally, the warning threshold A and the warning threshold B are different. Setting two warning thresholds can improve the accuracy and sensitivity of monitoring, and help to better provide effective warning support / services.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Many aspects of the present invention can be improved without departing from the overall concept. Those skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising a photovoltaic panel support frame (30) fixed to the upper part of a foundation pile (10) by multiple pairs of clamps (20); the lower part of the fixing frame (31) of the photovoltaic panel support frame (30) is provided with a U-shaped arm (32); each of the two insert plates (321) of the U-shaped arm (32) is provided with a strip-shaped through groove (322) extending in the vertical direction, and the insert plate (321) passes through the relative clamping arms (21) on the pairs of clamps (20) and can be connected to the clamps (20) by studs; characterized in that, Also includes: The cross arm (40) is detachably fixed between the two insert plates (321) and located above the top surface of the foundation pile (10); It is provided with multiple legs (41) arranged alternately around the circumference, and each leg (41) has an arm extending above the top surface of the foundation pile (10); The box (50) includes a box body (51) fixed on the top surface of the foundation pile (10); the side wall of the box body (51) is provided with multi-stage through holes (5121) that correspond one-to-one with the arm; the free end of the arm can extend into the cavity (511) of the box body (51) through the multi-stage through holes (5121); Multiple elastic sealing structures (60) are fixedly installed at the port or cavity of each multi-stage through hole (5121); The sensing unit (70) includes multiple sensors fixedly disposed in the cavity (511) and matched one-to-one with the multi-level through holes (5121); the arm extends into the cavity (511) after passing through the elastic sealing structure (60) and is matched with the sensors respectively; the radial movement of the end of the arm and the vertical movement can cause the sensor to change physical quantity and generate a sensing signal.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free end of the arm is matched to the sensor in a non-contact manner.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor is a capacitive sensor; the sensor body (71) of the capacitive sensor and a pair of electrode plates (73) are disposed opposite each other at both ends of the support frame (72); the support frame (72) is fixed inside the box body (51), and the electrode plates (73) are close to the multi-stage through hole (5121); the free end of the arm is provided with a medium part (413), and the free end of the medium part (413) is placed on one end of the gap area (731) between the two electrode plates (73); the other end of the medium part (413) is located opposite to the outside of the gap area (731).

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The medium section (413) includes a first part (4131) and a second part (4133), and the second part (4133) is formed above and below the free end of the first part (4131); the width of the first part (4131) in the vertical direction is the same as the width of the electrode plate (73) in the vertical direction; a notch (4132) is formed at the end of the first part (4131) and at a position close to the second part (4133).

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of capacitive sensors is two, arranged opposite each other front and back; or the number of capacitive sensors is four, arranged opposite each other front and back, and left and right.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic sealing structure (60) includes an annular body (61) fixed at the outer port of the multi-stage through hole (5121), and at least one elastic membrane (62) sealing the inner annular opening of the annular body (61); the middle part of the arm is fixedly connected to the elastic membrane (62).

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The boom includes boom one (411) and boom two (412); one end of boom one (411) is fixedly connected to the outrigger (41), and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of boom two (412) through a threaded structure; the other end of boom two (412) is matched with a sensor.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the multi-stage through hole (5121) facing the elastic membrane (62) is formed into a tapered countersunk hole, and the flared end of the tapered countersunk hole faces outward.

9. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: It includes a photovoltaic module as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, a plurality of site base stations (90), and a remote monitoring unit (100). Multiple photovoltaic modules are distributed in multiple photovoltaic fields and connected to the corresponding field base stations (90), so that the sensing signals emitted by the photovoltaic modules can be transmitted in real time to the remote monitoring unit (100) via the field base stations (90); the remote monitoring unit (100) can analyze and process the received sensing signals and make a judgment on whether to issue an early warning. The remote monitoring unit (100) can generate corresponding early warning interface boxes (101) for different sites, and display the early warning interface boxes (101) corresponding to each site on the display screen in an interleaved and superimposed manner. The warning interface frame (101) contains a unit flashing light icon (102) and a total flashing light icon (103) corresponding to each photovoltaic module, and the total flashing light icon (103) is located at the exposed corner of the warning interface frame (101); the distribution of the unit flashing light icon (102) in each warning interface frame (101) is consistent with the distribution of multiple photovoltaic modules in the corresponding site.

10. The operation and maintenance safety management method for photovoltaic systems according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the remote monitoring unit (100) analyzes and processes the received sensor signal and determines that an early warning signal needs to be issued, the corresponding photovoltaic module's unit flashing light icon (102) will flash continuously. When any unit flashing light icon (102) in the early warning interface box (101) flashes, the total flashing light icon (103) on it will also flash simultaneously.

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