A data center heat dissipation structure convenient to disassemble

Abstract

The application relates to a data center heat dissipation structure facilitating dismounting of branch pipes, which comprises a data center cabinet and a liquid cooling pipe, and the branch end of the liquid cooling pipe is sealingly provided with a connecting pipe. A pressure balancing mechanism is arranged in the connecting pipe. The pressure balancing mechanism comprises a sensing piece arranged on the inner side of the connecting pipe, a sealing box fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting pipe and provided with a transmission piece on the inner side, and a cut-off piece arranged on the inner side of the connecting pipe. The sensing piece comprises a rotating ring rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting pipe, a plurality of connecting rods fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating ring, a sensing turbine fixedly arranged at the other end of the connecting rod, an initial magnetic block arranged in the fixedly connected end of the connecting rod and a plurality of magnetic locking frames fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting rod. The application realizes closed-loop self-adaptive constant-pressure control of liquid cooling branch pipe flow and pressure, effectively offsets the pressure fluctuation of the main pipe, guarantees the stable heat dissipation flow of the server cooling plate, and improves the heat dissipation reliability of the liquid cooling system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquid cooling technology for data centers, specifically a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and remove in separate pipes. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale deployment of high-density AI computing clusters and supercomputing centers, the power density of single server racks in data centers continues to rise. Cold plate liquid cooling technology, with its efficient heat exchange capabilities, has become the mainstream cooling technology for high-power-density data centers. In a cold plate liquid cooling system, the branch pipes are the core media transmission components connecting the main liquid supply pipes of the rack to the server cold plates. The connecting pipes between the branch pipes and the main pipes are crucial components for achieving heat distribution and ensuring ease of maintenance. Their voltage regulation performance directly determines the heat dissipation effect of the server chips and the long-term operational reliability of the liquid cooling system.

[0003] In existing cold plate liquid cooling systems in large data center computer rooms, the connection between branch pipes and main pipes mostly adopts conventional quick-connect pipes. The overall pressure and flow regulation of the system depends on the centralized pressure regulating valve group installed at the computer room cold station or cooling capacity distribution unit. The overall pressure control of the entire system is achieved by regulating the overall pressure of the main pipe coolant. The on / off operation of branch pipes is mostly completed by the matching manual shut-off valves.

[0004] Furthermore, existing heat dissipation structures cannot achieve adaptive closed-loop constant pressure control of flow and pressure within the connecting pipes of a single branch pipe. Centralized pressure regulation schemes cannot accurately offset the impact of main pipeline pressure fluctuations on single branch pipes, thus making it difficult to ensure a continuous and stable supply of heat dissipation flow for server cold plates, directly reducing the heat dissipation reliability of the liquid cooling system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a data center heat dissipation structure that facilitates the installation and removal of individual pipes, aiming to improve the problem that the centralized pressure regulation scheme in the prior art cannot accurately offset the impact of pressure fluctuations in the main pipeline on individual pipes.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and dismantle includes a data center cabinet and liquid cooling pipes suitable for use in large data center server rooms. The branch ends of the liquid cooling pipes are sealed with connecting pipes, and the connecting pipes are equipped with a pressure balancing mechanism. The pressure balancing mechanism includes a sensing element disposed inside the connecting pipe, a sealing box fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting pipe and a transmission element disposed inside the sealing box, and a flow-blocking element disposed inside the connecting pipe. The sensing element includes an induction turbine, a rotating ring rotatably connected to the inside of a connecting pipe, and multiple connecting rods connecting the induction turbine and the rotating ring. The ends of the connecting rods are fixed on the central shaft of the induction turbine on the non-impeller side. The induction turbine and the rotating ring are coaxially arranged. A cavity is provided along the axis of the connecting rod. An initial magnetic block is provided in the cavity near the rotating ring. Multiple enhancing magnetic blocks are provided along the axis of the cavity near the induction turbine. Multiple magnetic locking frames are fixedly connected inside the connecting rod. A center block is fixedly connected to the center of each end of the enhancing magnetic block, and a return spring is fixedly connected between each adjacent center block.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The initial magnetic block and the enhancing magnetic block have opposite magnetic properties on opposite sides, and multiple enhancing magnetic blocks have opposite magnetic properties on opposite sides. The inner side of the magnetic locking frame has opposite magnetic properties to the outer side of the enhancing magnetic block. The magnetic locking frame is embedded inside the connecting rod. The inside of the magnetic locking frame has the same shape as the enhancing magnetic block. The other end of the reset spring connected to the enhancing magnetic block closest to the center of the induction turbine is connected to the inner wall of the internal cavity of the connecting rod. As a further description of the above technical solution: The transmission component includes a centrifugal plate rotatably connected to the outside of the connecting pipe, and a transmission magnetic ring with opposite magnetism to the initial magnetic block is provided on the inner side of the centrifugal plate. A double-layer plug plate is slidably arranged between the outer side of the centrifugal plate and the inner side of the sealing box. A sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the double-layer plug plate and is tightly attached to the inner side of the sealing box. A pre-tightening spring is provided between the upper layer of the double-layer plug plate and the top of the centrifugal plate. Multiple limiting grooves are opened on the inner inclined surface of the bottom of the centrifugal plate. A centrifugal slider is slidably connected inside the limiting groove. The upper end of the centrifugal slider is provided with a magnetic attraction surface with opposite magnetism to the inner transmission magnetic ring of the centrifugal plate. A ball joint is provided between the centrifugal slider and the upper surface of the lower layer of the double-layer plug plate. As a further description of the above technical solution: The bottom of the pre-tension spring is fixedly connected to a sliding washer, which is slidably connected in the annular groove at the top of the centrifugal plate. One end of the ball joint rod is fixedly installed on the outside of the centrifugal slider, and the other end of the ball joint rod is slidably connected in the annular groove of the lower layer of the double-layer plug plate. As a further description of the above technical solution: The flow-blocking component includes an annular airbag, and a guide cavity is provided on the inner side of the connecting pipe. The guide cavity is located below the rotating ring, and the annular airbag is installed inside the guide cavity. A vent valve communicating with the annular airbag is provided in the connecting channel in the lower cavity between the lower end of the double-layer plug plate and the sealing box. Multiple pressure-balancing channels are provided on the connecting pipe in the upper cavity between the upper end of the double-layer plug plate and the sealing box. As a further description of the above technical solution: The data center cabinet is equipped with a rack inside, and multiple support base plates are installed on the inner side of the rack. A heat exchanger is installed at the bottom rear side of the data center cabinet, and a liquid pump is installed at the top of the data center cabinet. A liquid cooling pipeline is installed between the liquid pump and the heat exchanger. As a further description of the above technical solution: The supporting substrate includes a heat sink plate that can be detachably installed inside the frame. Heat sink fins are inserted into the heat sink plate. Multiple heat sink fins are provided on the heat sink pipes. One end of the heat sink fin is inserted into the heat sink plate, and the other end is in the shape of a ring. The ring end of the heat sink fin is provided with a heat sink pipe. As a further description of the above technical solution: The liquid cooling pipeline includes a riser, a distribution pipe, and a return pipe. Both the riser and the distribution pipe are installed between the liquid pump and the heat exchanger. The top end of the return pipe is sealed, and the bottom end of the return pipe is connected to the heat exchanger. The sealing connection between the distribution pipe and the heat dissipation pipeline, and between the heat dissipation pipeline and the return pipe, are achieved through corresponding connecting pipes. The ends of the connecting pipes are threaded to the connection points between the distribution pipe and the heat dissipation pipeline, and between the heat dissipation pipeline and the return pipe.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. By using an induction turbine inside the connecting pipe to absorb the impact force of the liquid flow, the change in pipeline flow rate is converted into a synchronous change in the rotational speed of the turbine and the rotating ring. This causes the enhanced magnetic block inside the connecting rod to slide radially adaptively with the centrifugal force. The intensity of the radiated magnetic field of the initial magnetic block is adjusted by magnetic adsorption and locking. Then, through non-contact magnetic coupling, the outer centrifugal plate rotates at the matching speed, causing the centrifugal slider to generate a corresponding radial displacement with the rotational speed. Through the ball joint rod, the double-layer plug plate moves precisely along the axial direction, changing the volume of the sealing cavity and driving the annular airbag to adaptively expand and contract to adjust the flow area. At the same time, it balances the flow rate of the coolant in the connecting pipe, realizing closed-loop adaptive constant pressure control of the flow and pressure of the liquid cooling branch pipe. This effectively offsets the pressure fluctuation of the main pipeline, ensures the stability of the heat dissipation flow of the server cold plate, and improves the heat dissipation reliability of the liquid cooling system.

[0009] 2. Through the fluid-driven induction turbine and magnetic coupling contactless transmission structure, combined with the full-process linkage design of centrifugal slider, ball joint rod, and double-layer plug plate, when the fluid supply to the branch pipe is cut off, the induction turbine loses the fluid driving force and stops rotating. The enhancement magnetic block retracts to the center under the action of the return spring, the magnetic coupling transmission is simultaneously disconnected, the centrifugal slider returns to the rotation center as the centrifugal force disappears, and drives the double-layer plug plate to reset, so that the pressure in the sealing cavity is balanced. The annular airbag fully contracts to release the residual pressure in the pipeline, realizing automatic pressure relief and structural reset before the branch pipe is installed or removed. There is no need for manual valve closing and pressure relief operations in advance. The branch pipe can be quickly installed and removed directly, reducing the difficulty of operation and maintenance and avoiding the risk of leakage during pressurized disassembly and reassembly. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of an embodiment of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and dismantle in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a data center heat dissipation structure that facilitates separate installation and disassembly, as proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid cooling pipeline of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and remove in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting substrate of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and dismantle in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation fins of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and dismantle in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe structure of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and remove in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure balancing mechanism of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and dismantle in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor component in a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and remove in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and dismantle in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal plate of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and remove in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the flow-cutting component of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and remove in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 12 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 13 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the reset spring of a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and remove in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention. Figure 15 This is an exploded view of the double-layer plug plate, which is a data center heat dissipation structure that is easy to install and remove in separate pipes, as proposed in this invention.

[0011] Labeling Explanation: 1. Data Center Cabinet; 2. Rack; 3. Heat Exchanger; 4. Liquid Cooling Piping; 401. Riser Pipe; 402. Diverter Pipe; 403. Return Pipe; 5. Liquid Pump; 6. Support Base Plate; 601. Heat Dissipation Plate; 602. Heat Dissipation Fins; 603. Heat Dissipation Piping; 7. Connecting Pipe; 8. Pressure Balancing Mechanism; 81. Sensor; 811. Induction Turbine; 812. Connecting Rod; 813. Rotating Ring; 814. Initial Magnetic Block; 815. Magnetic Locking Frame; 816. Enhancement magnet; 817. Return spring; 818. Center block; 82. Transmission component; 821. Centrifugal plate; 822. Double-layer plug plate; 823. Sliding washer; 824. Preload spring; 825. Centrifugal slider; 826. Ball joint rod; 827. Transmission magnetic ring; 828. Sealing ring; 829. Limiting groove; 83. Sealing box; 84. Flow interceptor; 841. Guide cavity; 842. Annular airbag; 843. Vent valve; 85. Pressure balancing channel. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: like Figures 1 to 15 The diagram shows an embodiment of a data center heat dissipation structure for easy installation and disassembly of the present invention. It includes a data center cabinet 1 suitable for use in large data center server rooms. The data center cabinet 1 provides a sealed, standardized installation space for the substrate 6 and data center server equipment, isolating them from external environmental interference and ensuring the stable and safe operation of the substrate 6 and data center server equipment. It also ensures that the liquid cooling pipes 4 provide a closed-loop flow channel for the coolant, enabling the delivery of low-temperature coolant and the return of high-temperature coolant after heat absorption. It is the core carrier for liquid cooling heat dissipation and cold energy transfer. The data center cabinet 1 has internal racks 2 that provide adjustable, standardized installation positions for the substrate 6, adapting to the installation requirements of servers of different specifications and ensuring precise and stable connection between the server and the substrate 6.

[0013] Multiple support base plates 6 are installed on the inner side of the rack 2. The support base plate 6 provides a mounting carrier for the heat-generating components of the server and integrates heat dissipation pipes 603 to achieve efficient heat exchange between the server's operating heat and coolant. It is the core docking component between the data center server equipment and the support base plate 6. The support base plate 6 includes a heat sink 601 that can be detachably installed on the inner side of the rack 2. It provides a mounting base for the heat dissipation fins 602 and heat dissipation pipes 603, and also bears the installation load of the server, ensuring stable contact between the support base plate 6 and the server's heat-generating surface. Multiple heat dissipation fins 602 are inserted inside the heat sink 601, which greatly increases the heat exchange contact area, enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the server's heat-generating components and the coolant in the heat dissipation pipes 603, and accelerates the heat transfer and dissipation speed. The heat dissipation fins 602 are inserted into the heat dissipation plate 601. Multiple heat dissipation fins 602 are provided on the heat dissipation pipes 603. One end of each heat dissipation fin 602 is inserted into the heat dissipation plate 601, and the other end is annular. The annular end of the heat dissipation fin 602 passes through the heat dissipation pipes 603 (see...). Figure 5 The heat dissipation pipe 603 provides a flow channel for the coolant to exchange heat with the heat-generating components of the server. The coolant flowing inside the pipe absorbs the heat generated by the server's operation, completing the core heat exchange process of the supporting substrate 6. A heat exchanger 3 is installed at the rear bottom of the data center cabinet 1. The heat exchanger 3 cools the coolant after it has absorbed heat and dissipates the heat absorbed by the data center server equipment from the system, providing a stable low-temperature cold source for the liquid cooling cycle. A liquid pump 5 is installed at the top of the data center cabinet 1, providing power for the closed-loop circulation of the coolant throughout the liquid cooling pipe 4, driving the coolant to complete the transport and return of the coolant from the cold source to the heat exchange end, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the liquid cooling cycle.

[0014] A liquid cooling pipeline 4 is installed between the liquid pump 5 and the heat exchanger 3. The liquid cooling pipeline 4 includes a riser pipe 401, a branch pipe 402, and a return pipe 403. The riser pipe 401 transports the low-temperature coolant pressurized by the liquid pump 5 from the bottom of the data center rack 1 upward to the branch pipe 402, completing the vertical lifting and transmission of the coolant, which is compatible with the vertical layout of the piping design of the data center rack 1. The branch pipe 402 evenly distributes the low-temperature coolant from the main pipeline to the branch pipes of each server branch, realizing the uniform distribution of cooling capacity among multiple nodes of servers in a single data center rack 1. The return pipe 403 collects the high-temperature coolant after heat exchange in each server branch and uniformly transports it back to the heat exchanger 3 to complete the cooling. This system enables centralized recovery and circulation of coolant after heat exchange. Both the riser pipe 401 and the distributor pipe 402 are installed between the liquid pump 5 and the heat exchanger 3. The top end of the return pipe 403 is sealed, and the bottom end of the return pipe 403 is connected to the heat exchanger 3. The sealing connection between the distributor pipe 402 and the heat dissipation pipe 603, and between the heat dissipation pipe 603 and the return pipe 403, is achieved through the corresponding connecting pipe 7. The connecting pipe 7 is set to provide a standardized docking carrier for the installation and removal of the distributor pipes, and at the same time, it provides an integrated installation space for the pressure balancing mechanism 8. The end of the connecting pipe 7 is threaded at the connection between the distributor pipe 402 and the heat dissipation pipe 603, and at the connection between the heat dissipation pipe 603 and the return pipe 403.

[0015] A connecting pipe 7 is sealed at the branch end of the liquid cooling pipeline 4. A pressure balancing mechanism 8 is installed inside the connecting pipe 7, integrating three core functions: sensing, transmission, and flow control. This enables adaptive closed-loop regulation of the coolant flow and pressure within the branch pipeline, and simultaneously facilitates automatic pressure relief and structural repositioning during branch pipeline installation and removal. The pressure balancing mechanism 8 includes a sensor 81 located inside the connecting pipe 7, which senses changes in the coolant flow and velocity in the connecting pipe 7 in real time, converting the fluid kinetic energy of the liquid flow into mechanical rotational kinetic energy, providing a precise flow signal input for pressure balancing. A sealed box 83 is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting pipe 7. A transmission component 82 is located inside the sealed box 83. The sealed box 83 provides a sealed and isolated installation space for the transmission component 82, isolating the coolant inside the pipe from the external environment and preventing coolant leakage. The transmission component 82 converts the rotational kinetic energy output by the sensor 81 into axial linear displacement, achieving precise transmission from the flow signal to the flow control action, providing stable power for the adjustment action of the flow control component 84. The inner side of the connecting pipe 7 is also provided with a flow-blocking component 84. The flow-blocking component 84 changes the flow area inside the connecting pipe 7 by changing its own shape, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the flow and pressure in the branch pipeline. At the same time, it completes the release of the residual pressure in the pipeline in conjunction with the installation and removal of the branch pipeline.

[0016] The sensing element 81 includes an induction turbine 811, a rotating ring 813 rotatably connected to the inside of the connecting pipe 7, and multiple connecting rods 812 connecting the induction turbine 811 and the rotating ring 813. The rotating ring 813 provides a fixed mounting carrier for the connecting rods 812 and rotates synchronously with the induction turbine 811, ensuring that the connecting rods 812 and the internal magnetic assembly move in a circular motion synchronously with the liquid flow rate. The multiple connecting rods 812 are radially distributed around the induction turbine 811, providing a rigid connection between the induction turbine 811 and the rotating ring 813. When the induction turbine 811 rotates, it can drive the rotating ring 813 to rotate through the connecting rods 812. The arrangement of the connecting rods 812 ensures that the induction turbine 811 and the rotating ring 813 rotate synchronously, and at the same time provides installation and accommodating space for the initial magnetic block 814, the magnetic locking frame 815, the enhancing magnetic block 816, and the return spring 817. The other ends of multiple connecting rods 812 are fixed on the central shaft of the non-impeller side of the induction turbine 811. The induction turbine 811 and the rotating ring 813 are coaxially arranged. The induction turbine 811 bears the flow impact force of the coolant in the pipe and converts the linear flow of the liquid into its own rotational motion, realizing the precise linear conversion of the change in flow rate in the pipe into the change in speed.

[0017] The connecting rod 812 has a cavity along its axis. An initial magnetic block 814 is arranged in the cavity near the rotating ring 813, and multiple enhancing magnetic blocks 816 are arranged along its axis in the cavity near the induction turbine 811. The initial magnetic block 814 provides a basic magnetic field, and the magnetic field strength is adaptively adjusted by cooperating with the displacement of the enhancing magnetic blocks 816. The rotational kinetic energy inside the connecting tube 7 is transferred to the transmission component 82 outside the connecting tube 7 through magnetic coupling. Multiple magnetic locking frames 815 are fixedly connected inside the connecting rod 812. The magnetic locking frames 815 are embedded inside the connecting rod 812 and are hollow triangular prisms. The outside of the magnetic locking frames matches and is fixed to the cavity of the connecting rod 812. The inside of the magnetic locking frames matches the shape of the enhancing magnetic blocks 816. The enhancing magnetic blocks 816 can partially or completely slide out of the magnetic locking frames 815 under the action of force. Under the action of the return spring, the enhancing magnetic blocks 816 return to the inside of the magnetic locking frames 815, thereby providing a directional sliding track for the enhancing magnetic blocks 816. At the same time, the radial movement of the enhancing magnetic blocks 816 during the reset process is restricted by magnetic adsorption, ensuring the stability and positioning accuracy of the sliding process of the enhancing magnetic blocks 816. The inner wall of the magnetic locking frame 815 is magnetically connected to an enhancing magnetic block 816. With the rotation of the centrifugal force, it undergoes radial displacement. Through the magnetic adsorption combination of the initial magnetic block 814 and the adjacent enhancing magnetic blocks 816, the intensity of the radiating magnetic field of the initial magnetic block 814 is adaptively adjusted to achieve precise matching between the change in flow rate and the change in magnetic field intensity. The center blocks 818 are fixedly connected to the center of both ends of the enhancing magnetic block 816 along the length direction.

[0018] A return spring 817 is fixedly connected between each pair of adjacent center blocks 818. The return spring 817 provides a return force to the enhancement magnetic block 816, driving the corresponding enhancement magnetic block 816 back to its initial position when the centrifugal force disappears. This ensures the reversibility of the magnetic field strength changing with the flow rate and the accuracy of the return. The stiffness of the multi-segment return spring 817 gradually decreases from the inside to the outside, meaning the stiffness of the return spring 817 closer to the initial magnetic block 814 is smaller. The other end of the return spring 817 connected to the enhancement magnetic block 816 closest to the center of the induction turbine 811 is connected to the inner wall of the internal cavity of the connecting rod 812. The multi-segment return spring 817 provides the return power to the corresponding enhancement magnetic block 816.

[0019] The initial magnetic block 814 and the enhancing magnetic block 816 have opposite magnetic properties on opposite sides, and the multiple enhancing magnetic blocks 816 also have opposite magnetic properties on opposite sides. The inner side of the magnetic locking frame 815 has opposite magnetic properties to the outer side of the enhancing magnetic block 816. The magnetism of the magnetic locking frame 815 provides an initial locking magnetic force to the enhancing magnetic block 816 before the device is started. Until the radial centrifugal force is greater than the circumferential magnetic attraction and elastic force, the enhancing magnetic block 816 will slide out of the magnetic locking frame 815 and move towards the initial magnetic block 814. In this embodiment, three enhancing magnetic blocks 816 are provided in each connecting rod 812. The size of the three enhancing magnetic blocks 816 gradually decreases from the edge of the rotating ring 813 towards the center, so that the centrifugal force required to start the outer enhancing magnetic block 816 is less than that required for the inner enhancing magnetic block. As the centrifugal force gradually increases, the enhancing magnetic blocks 816 can be started sequentially, thereby gradually increasing the intensity of the radiated magnetic field. The relative size or magnetic force of the initial magnetic block 814 and the three enhancing magnetic blocks 816 are related to the diameter of the connecting pipe 7 and the actual working environment.

[0020] The transmission component 82 includes a centrifugal plate 821 rotatably connected to the outside of the connecting pipe 7. The centrifugal plate 821 rotates synchronously with the rotating ring 813 inside the connecting pipe 7 via magnetic coupling, converting rotational kinetic energy into radial displacement of the centrifugal slider 825, providing a stable centrifugal driving force for transmission adjustment. A transmission magnetic ring 827 is provided on the inner side of the centrifugal plate 821. The transmission magnetic ring 827 forms a reverse magnetic coupling with the initial magnetic block 814 inside the pipe, realizing contactless torque transmission between the inside and outside of the connecting pipe 7. The transmission from the inside of the pipe to the outside can be completed without pipe openings, structurally eliminating the risk of pipe leakage. The magnetic properties of the transmission magnetic ring 827 are opposite to those of the initial magnetic block 814. A double-layer plug plate 822 is slidably arranged between the outer side of the centrifugal plate 821 and the inner side of the sealing box 83. A sealing ring 828 is arranged on the outer side of the double-layer plug plate 822, and the double-layer plug plate 822 is axially displaced by tightly adhering to the inner side of the sealing box 83 through the sealing ring 828, thereby changing the volume of the upper and lower sealing cavities, realizing the transportation and pressure regulation of the gas medium, and providing precise pressure drive for the shape change of the interceptor 84.

[0021] A pre-tension spring 824 is provided between the upper layer of the double-layer stopper plate 822 and the top of the centrifugal plate 821. The pre-tension spring 824 provides pre-tension force to the double-layer stopper plate 822, forming a dynamic balance with the centrifugal force. This ensures that the displacement of the double-layer stopper plate 822 is accurately matched with the flow rate in the pipe, improving the pressure regulation accuracy. A sliding washer 823 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pre-tension spring 824. The sliding washer 823 provides follow-up support for the pre-tension spring 824 and slides synchronously with the rotation of the centrifugal plate 821, eliminating the frictional resistance between the pre-tension spring 824 and the rotating centrifugal plate 821, ensuring the smoothness of the transmission process. The sliding washer 823 is slidably connected in an annular groove at the top of the centrifugal plate 821. This annular groove provides an annular sliding track for the sliding washer 823. Its position is directly opposite the bottom of the pre-tension spring 824, so that the pre-tension spring 824 is installed in a vertical direction, thereby preventing the pre-tension force of the pre-tension spring 824 from being offset by the rotation of the centrifugal plate 821.

[0022] Multiple limiting grooves 829 are radially provided on the inner inclined surface of the bottom of the centrifugal plate 821. These grooves provide a directional sliding track for the centrifugal slider 825, limiting its sliding stroke and ensuring it can only move radially, thus improving the stability of the transmission process. The centrifugal slider 825 is slidably connected inside the limiting grooves 829. As the centrifugal plate 821 rotates, the centrifugal slider 825 generates radial centrifugal force and slides directionally along the limiting grooves 829, converting the rotational centrifugal force into a linear push-pull force on the ball joint 826, achieving precise conversion of speed changes into axial displacement. The upper end of the centrifugal slider 825 is provided with a magnetic attraction surface with the opposite magnetic properties to the inner transmission magnetic ring 827 of the centrifugal plate 821. This reverse magnetic attraction ensures the centrifugal slider 825 can stably reset when the centrifugal force is insufficient, preventing adjustment failure caused by slider jamming. A ball joint rod 826 is provided between the centrifugal slider 825 and the lower layer of the double-layer plug plate 822. The ball joint rod 826 connects the centrifugal slider 825 and the double-layer plug plate 822, converting the radial displacement of the centrifugal slider 825 into the axial displacement of the double-layer plug plate 822. At the same time, the ball joint structure adapts to the angle change, eliminating the jamming force in the transmission process. One end of the ball joint rod 826 is fixedly installed on the outside of the centrifugal slider 825, and the other end of the ball joint rod 826 is slidably connected in the annular groove of the lower layer of the double-layer plug plate 822.

[0023] The throttling member 84 comprises an annular air bag 842 which changes its own radial dimension through inflation expansion and deflation contraction, adaptively adjusts the flow passage area inside the connecting pipe 7, and realizes accurate closed-loop adjustment of pressure and flow in the pipeline. A guide cavity 841 is provided on the inner side of the connecting pipe 7, the guide cavity 841 is located below the rotating ring 813, the guide cavity 841 provides an installation and accommodation space for the annular air bag 842, limits the expansion direction of the annular air bag 842, ensures that the annular air bag 842 can only expand directionally toward the center of the flow channel, and avoids adjustment failure caused by irregular deformation of the air bag. The annular air bag 842 is installed and arranged on the inner side of the guide cavity 841, a vent valve 843 communicated with the annular air bag 842 is provided on the connecting pipe in the lower cavity between the lower end of the double-layer plug plate 822 and the sealing box 83, the vent valve 843 communicates the lower cavity between the lower end of the double-layer plug plate 822 and the sealing box 83 with the annular air bag 842, realizes two-way circulation of gas medium between the lower cavity and the annular air bag 842, and provides a gas transmission channel for the expansion and contraction of the annular air bag 842.

[0024] A plurality of pressure equalizing channels 85 are provided on the connecting pipe 7 in the upper cavity between the upper end of the double-layer plug plate 822 and the sealing box 83, the pressure equalizing channels 85 communicate the upper cavity between the upper end of the double-layer plug plate 822 and the sealing box 83 with the internal flow channel of the connecting pipe 7, so that the liquid in the connecting pipe 7 can enter the upper cavity formed between the double-layer plug plate 822 and the sealing box 83, realizes pressure balance and two-way circulation of cooling liquid between the upper cavity and the connecting pipe 7, avoids structural damage caused by excessive local pressure in the connecting pipe 7, and realizes automatic flow replenishment when the pipeline pressure is low. In the process of use, the upper cavity formed by the sealing box 83 and the double-layer plug plate 822 is filled with liquid, and the vent valve 843 is in a closed state under pressure balance. When the pressure of the lower cavity formed by the sealing box 83 and the double-layer plug plate 822 changes, the vent valve 843 is switched to an open state.

[0025] Working principle: After the data center system is powered on, the liquid pump 5 matched with the data center cabinet 1 starts to operate, driving the cooling liquid to form a closed-loop circulation in the entire liquid-cooled pipeline 4. Low-temperature cooling liquid flows out from the heat exchanger 3 at the bottom of the cabinet, is pressurized by the liquid pump 5 and enters the riser pipe 401, then is conveyed into the shunt pipe 402 by the riser pipe 401. The cooling liquid in the shunt pipe 402 flows into the heat dissipation pipeline 603 in the corresponding carrying substrate 6 through the connecting pipe 7 sealed and installed at the end, after completing heat exchange with the heating components of the server in the heat dissipation pipeline 603, the cooling liquid flows into the return pipe 403 through the connecting pipe 7 at the other end, and is finally conveyed back to the heat exchanger 3 by the return pipe 403 to complete temperature reduction, so as to form a continuous basic liquid-cooled circulation.

[0026] As the coolant continuously flows within the connecting pipe 7, the flow continuously impacts the induction turbine 811 inside the connecting pipe 7, causing the induction turbine 811 to rotate around the central axis of the connecting pipe 7. Simultaneously, the rotation of the induction turbine 811, via multiple connecting rods 812 fixed to the outside, causes the rotating ring 813 at its end to rotate synchronously within the annular groove inside the connecting pipe 7. During rotation, the initial magnetic block 814 inside the connecting rod 812 moves in a circular motion synchronously with the rotating ring 813. Simultaneously, multiple enhancing magnetic blocks 816 inside the connecting rod 812 generate centrifugal force with the rotation, overcoming the elastic force of the return spring 817 and sliding along the magnetic locking frame 815 away from the center of the induction turbine 811. During the sliding process, adjacent enhancing magnetic blocks 816 are sequentially attracted and locked due to the opposite magnetic properties of their opposing surfaces. The reverse magnetic properties of the inner side of the magnetic locking frame 815 and the outer side of the enhancing magnetic block 816 further restrict the radial movement of the enhancing magnetic block 816. As the rotational speed increases, the enhancing magnetic block 816 gradually moves outward, continuously enhancing the magnetic field strength radiated outward by the initial magnetic block 814. Thus, when the flow rate is large, the faster the rotational speed of the induction turbine 811, the stronger the centrifugal force on the enhancing magnetic block 816, thereby driving more enhancing magnetic blocks 816 to combine with the initial magnetic block 814, thereby enhancing the magnetic field strength and increasing the attraction strength with the outer centrifugal plate 821, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the outer centrifugal plate 821, that is, increasing the rotational speed of the centrifugal plate 821. Conversely, the rotational speed of the centrifugal plate 821 is reduced.

[0027] The centrifugal plate 821 inside the outer sealing box 83 of the connecting pipe 7 forms a magnetic coupling with the initial magnetic block 814 through the reverse magnetism of the inner transmission magnetic ring 827, and rotates coaxially synchronously with the rotation ring 813. During the rotation of the centrifugal plate 821, the centrifugal slider 825 in the bottom inclined limiting groove 829 generates radial centrifugal force with the rotation and slides away from the rotation center along the limiting groove 829. During the outward sliding of the centrifugal slider 825, the ball joint rod 826 at the end drives the double-layer plug plate 822 in the sealing box 83 to move axially. At the same time as the double-layer plug plate 822 moves, the sliding pad 823 at the top slides synchronously along the annular sliding groove at the top of the centrifugal plate 821, compressing or releasing the pre-tightening spring 824 between the top of the double-layer plug plate 822 and the inner wall of the sealing box 83, so that the elastic force of the pre-tightening spring 824 and the centrifugal force form a dynamic balance.

[0028] When the double-layer plug plate 822 undergoes axial displacement within the sealed box 83, it synchronously changes the volume of the two independent cavities separated by the bidirectional plug plate within the sealed box 83. The lower cavity between the lower end of the double-layer plug plate 822 and the sealed box 83 is connected to the annular airbag 842 in the inner guide cavity 841 of the connecting pipe 7 via the vent valve 843. The upper cavity between the upper end of the double-layer plug plate 822 and the sealed box 83 is connected to the internal flow channel of the connecting pipe 7 via the pressure balancing channel 85. When the liquid flow rate and pressure in the connecting pipe 7 increase, the rotation speed of the induction turbine 811 increases synchronously, and the centrifugal slider 825 moves outward, causing the double-layer plug plate 822 to move downward, compressing the gas in the lower cavity. The gas then enters the annular airbag 842 through the vent valve 843. The annular airbag 842 expands towards the center of the flow channel along the guide cavity 841, reducing the volume of the gas in the connecting pipe 7. The flow area of ​​the upper cavity is increased, and the downward movement of the double-layer plug plate 822 will generate negative pressure in its upper cavity. This will then draw out the excess coolant accumulated on the top of the annular airbag 842 through the constant pressure channel 85, thus avoiding the problem of damage to the connecting pipe 7 caused by excessive hydraulic pressure in the top space of the annular airbag 842. When the flow rate and pressure in the connecting pipe 7 decrease, the speed of the induction turbine 811 decreases synchronously, and the centrifugal slider 825 retracts inward under the action of the reset force, driving the double-layer plug plate 822 to move upward. The lower cavity forms a negative pressure, causing the gas in the annular airbag 842 to flow back into the cavity through the vent valve 843. The annular airbag 842 contracts, expanding the flow area inside the connecting pipe 7, and the cooling hydraulic pressure on the top of the double-layer plug plate 822 is returned to the connecting pipe 7 for replenishment. This completes the adaptive closed-loop regulation of pressure and flow in the pipeline.

[0029] When it is necessary to install or remove a branch pipeline, the fluid supply to the corresponding branch is first cut off. The fluid flow in the connecting pipe 7 stops, and the induction turbine 811 stops rotating due to the loss of fluid driving force. After rotation stops, the enhancing magnetic block 816 loses centrifugal force and slides back towards the center along the magnetic locking frame 815 under the elastic force of the return spring 817. The magnetic field strength of the initial magnetic block 814 returns to its initial state, and the centrifugal plate 821 stops rotating due to the loss of magnetic coupling driving force. After the centrifugal plate 821 stops rotating, the centrifugal slider 825 loses centrifugal force and returns to the rotation center position along the limiting groove 829. Through the ball joint rod 826, it drives the double-layer plug plate 822 back to its initial position. The pressure in the upper and lower cavities of the sealing box 83 returns to balance, and the gas in the annular airbag 842 completely flows back to the lower cavity. The annular airbag 842 contracts into the guide cavity 841, and the flow area of ​​the connecting pipe 7 returns to its maximum. There is no residual pressure in the pipeline. At this point, the connecting pipe 7 can be directly rotated and disassembled to complete the separation of the branch pipeline. The installation operation is performed in reverse order. After the connecting pipe 7 is installed in place, the liquid flow is connected, and the system automatically enters the circulation and constant pressure regulation state.

[0030] Any aspects not covered in this invention are applicable to existing technologies.

Claims

1. A data center heat dissipation structure that facilitates separate installation and disassembly, comprising a data center cabinet (1) and liquid cooling pipes (4) suitable for use in large data center server rooms, characterized in that: The branch ends of the liquid cooling pipeline (4) are sealed with connecting pipes (7), and the connecting pipes (7) are equipped with pressure balancing mechanisms (8). The pressure balancing mechanism (8) includes a sensing element (81) disposed inside the connecting pipe (7), a sealing box (83) fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting pipe (7), and a transmission element (82) disposed inside the sealing box (83). A flow-blocking element (84) is also disposed inside the connecting pipe (7). The sensing element (81) includes an induction turbine (811), a rotating ring (813) rotatably connected to the inside of the connecting pipe (7), and multiple connecting rods (812) connecting the induction turbine (811) and the rotating ring (813). The ends of the connecting rods (812) are fixed on the central shaft of the non-impeller side of the induction turbine (811). The induction turbine (811) and the rotating ring (813) are coaxially arranged. The connecting rods (812) have cavities along their axial direction. An initial magnetic block (814) is arranged in the cavity near the rotating ring (813). Multiple enhancement magnetic blocks (816) are arranged along their axial direction in the cavity near the induction turbine (811). Multiple magnetic locking frames (815) are fixedly connected inside the connecting rods (812). Center blocks (818) are fixedly connected to the centers of both ends of the enhancement magnetic blocks (816), and reset springs (817) are fixedly connected between adjacent center blocks (818).

2. The data center heat dissipation structure for easy installation and removal of individual pipes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The initial magnetic block (814) and the enhancing magnetic block (816) have opposite magnetic properties on opposite sides, and the multiple enhancing magnetic blocks (816) have opposite magnetic properties on opposite sides. The inner side of the magnetic locking frame (815) has opposite magnetic properties to the outer side of the enhancing magnetic block (816). The magnetic locking frame (815) is embedded inside the connecting rod (812). The interior of the magnetic locking frame has the same shape as the enhancing magnetic block (816). The other end of the reset spring (817) connected to the enhancing magnetic block (816) closest to the center of the induction turbine (811) is connected to the inner wall of the internal cavity of the connecting rod (812).

3. The data center heat dissipation structure for easy installation and removal of individual pipes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission component (82) includes a centrifugal plate (821) rotatably connected to the outside of the connecting pipe (7), and a transmission magnetic ring (827) is provided on the inner side of the centrifugal plate (821) with magnetic properties opposite to those of the initial magnetic block (814). A double-layer plug plate (822) is slidably arranged between the outer side of the centrifugal plate (821) and the inner side of the sealing box (83). A sealing ring (828) is provided on the outer side of the double-layer plug plate (822) and is tightly attached to the inner side of the sealing box (83). The upper layer of the double-layer plug plate (822) is connected to the centrifugal plate (821). A pre-tensioning spring (824) is provided between the top of the core plate (821). Multiple limiting grooves (829) are provided on the inner inclined surface of the bottom of the centrifugal plate (821). A centrifugal slider (825) is slidably connected inside the limiting groove (829). The upper end of the centrifugal slider (825) is provided with a magnetic suction surface with the opposite magnetism to the inner drive magnetic ring (827) of the centrifugal plate (821). A ball joint rod (826) is provided between the centrifugal slider (825) and the lower upper surface of the double-layer plug plate (822).

4. A data center heat dissipation structure that facilitates separate pipe installation and removal according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the preload spring (824) is fixedly connected to a sliding washer (823), which is slidably connected in the annular groove at the top of the centrifugal plate (821). One end of the ball joint rod (826) is fixedly installed on the outside of the centrifugal slider (825), and the other end of the ball joint rod (826) is slidably connected in the annular groove of the lower layer of the double-layer plug plate (822).

5. A data center heat dissipation structure for easy installation and removal of individual pipes as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The flow interceptor (84) includes an annular airbag (842), and a guide cavity (841) is provided on the inner side of the connecting pipe (7). The guide cavity (841) is located below the rotating ring (813), and the annular airbag (842) is installed on the inner side of the guide cavity (841). A vent valve (843) communicating with the annular airbag (842) is provided in the connecting channel in the lower cavity between the lower end of the double-layer plug plate (822) and the sealing box (83). Multiple pressure-balancing channels (85) are provided on the connecting pipe (7) in the upper cavity between the upper end of the double-layer plug plate (822) and the sealing box (83).

6. The data center heat dissipation structure for easy installation and removal of individual pipes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The data center cabinet (1) is equipped with a rack (2) inside. Multiple support base plates (6) are installed on the inner side of the rack (2). A heat exchanger (3) is installed at the bottom rear side of the data center cabinet (1). A liquid pump (5) is installed at the top of the data center cabinet (1). A liquid cooling pipeline (4) is installed between the liquid pump (5) and the heat exchanger (3).

7. A data center heat dissipation structure for easy installation and removal of individual pipes as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The supporting substrate (6) includes a heat sink (601) that can be detachably installed inside the frame (2), heat sink fins (602) are inserted into the heat sink (601), and a plurality of heat sink fins (602) are provided on the heat sink pipe (603). One end of the heat sink fin (602) is inserted into the heat sink (601), and the other end is in the shape of a ring. The ring end of the heat sink fin (602) is provided with the heat sink pipe (603).

8. A data center heat dissipation structure for easy installation and removal of individual pipes as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid cooling pipeline (4) includes a riser pipe (401), a branch pipe (402) and a return pipe (403). The riser pipe (401) and the branch pipe (402) are both installed between the liquid pump (5) and the heat exchanger (3). The top end of the return pipe (403) is sealed, and the bottom end of the return pipe (403) is connected to the heat exchanger (3). The sealing connection between the branch pipe (402) and the heat dissipation pipeline (603), and between the heat dissipation pipeline (603) and the return pipe (403) is achieved through the corresponding connecting pipe (7). The end of the connecting pipe (7) is threaded to the connection between the branch pipe (402) and the heat dissipation pipeline (603) and the connection between the heat dissipation pipeline (603) and the return pipe (403).

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