A kind of high-cold area evaporation pond water inlet anti-freezing device and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of construction of photo-thermal power station, and particularly relates to a high-cold region evaporation pond water inlet anti-freezing device and method. The anti-freezing device comprises a device body with a composite heat preservation structure, a water outlet pipeline, an automatic opening and closing device, a heating system, a temperature measuring device, an emergency drainage device and a control device. The water outlet pipeline is in communication with the device body, the automatic opening and closing device is arranged at the end of the water outlet pipeline, the heating system is arranged in the device body, the temperature measuring device is used for monitoring the temperature in the well, and the emergency drainage device is installed at the bottom of the device body. The application also provides an anti-freezing method based on the device, which comprises a passive heat preservation step and an active heating step. The application effectively solves the problem of freezing of the water inlet of the evaporation pond in the high-cold region through multiple protections such as the composite heat preservation structure, the automatic opening and closing device, the electric heat tracing intelligent heating and the redundant temperature measurement, ensures smooth drainage in winter and stable operation of the power station, and has the advantages of good anti-freezing effect, energy saving and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar thermal power plant construction technology, specifically relating to an antifreeze device and method for the inlet of an evaporation pond in high-altitude and cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] The stable operation of a concentrated solar power (CSP) plant is directly related to the reliability of the renewable energy power supply. As an indispensable wastewater treatment facility for CSP plants, the evaporation pond's core function is to reduce wastewater volume through natural evaporation, concentrating or solidifying harmful substances in the wastewater to reduce environmental pollution. The winter operational stability of the evaporation pond directly determines the normal production of the CSP plant. If the evaporation pond cannot accept wastewater due to frozen inlet, the plant will be forced to reduce production or even shut down, causing significant economic losses and environmental risks.

[0003] In high-altitude and frigid regions, winter temperatures can drop to tens of degrees below zero, with prolonged periods of extreme low temperatures and deep permafrost layers. Simultaneously, the wastewater in the evaporation ponds of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants has low salinity and a high freezing point, making it highly susceptible to forming extremely thick frozen layers under these low-temperature conditions. The inlet pipes of the evaporation ponds are typically buried below the permafrost layer, and their outlets are located below the pond's normal operating level. As wastewater flows through these pipes into the evaporation pond, the water flow slows down. Influenced by the surrounding freezing environment, ice crystals easily accumulate at and around the underwater inlet pipe, eventually leading to complete freezing and blockage of the inlet. Once the inlet freezes, wastewater cannot be discharged normally, the evaporation pond loses its treatment capacity, and the power plant must take emergency measures or even shut down for de-icing, severely impacting the plant's normal operation.

[0004] Currently, the main technologies for preventing freezing at the inlet of evaporation ponds are as follows: First, increasing the burial depth of the inlet pipe to utilize ground temperature for freezing; however, this is limited by the extremely deep frost layer in high-altitude and cold regions, and excessive burial depth significantly increases construction costs and difficulty. Second, wrapping the pipe with ordinary insulation material; however, conventional insulation materials are prone to failure under long-term immersion and high-altitude and cold environments, and cannot solve the problem of localized cold accumulation at the inlet. Third, using continuous electric heating; however, the lack of temperature control strategies leads to huge energy waste, and the antifreeze capability is lost when a single heating element fails. Furthermore, existing inlets are mostly open or have simple valve structures, allowing cold air to easily backflow into the device body along the pipe, accelerating the freezing of the internal water. When equipment malfunctions, there is a lack of emergency drainage and repair methods, often requiring water outages, ice breaking, or even excavation for repairs, resulting in high maintenance costs and long cycles.

[0005] Therefore, developing a comprehensive antifreeze solution that integrates efficient heat preservation, active intelligent heating, cold air backflow prevention, redundant monitoring, and emergency response is crucial for the long-term, stable, and safe operation of the evaporation ponds of solar thermal power plants in cold regions during winter. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problem of easy freezing of the inlet of evaporation ponds in high-altitude and cold regions in existing technologies, this invention provides an antifreeze device for the inlet of evaporation ponds in high-altitude and cold regions. This device can achieve efficient antifreeze of the inlet, ensuring the stable operation of the evaporation pond and solar thermal power plant in winter.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An antifreeze device for the inlet of an evaporation pond in a high-altitude cold region, the antifreeze device being installed at the inlet of the evaporation pond, the antifreeze device comprising: The device body has a well-shaped structure and is located at the port of the water inlet pipe. It also has a composite insulation structure and a water inlet connection part for connecting the water inlet pipe. The water outlet pipe has one end connected to the main body of the device and the other end connected between the bottom of the evaporation pond and the water level line of the evaporation pond. A first automatic opening and closing device is installed at the upper end of the water outlet pipe for automatically opening and / or closing the water outlet pipe. A heating system is arranged on the inner wall of the device body. The heating system is an electric heat tracing system, including a waterproof electric heat tracing tape. The waterproof electric heat tracing tape is arranged in a ring-shaped spiral along the inner wall of the device body. Temperature measuring devices, including at least two, are installed at at least two locations in the upper, middle or lower part of the device body, for monitoring the temperature inside the device body and transmitting the obtained temperature signal to the control device to control the working state of the heating system; An emergency drainage device is installed at the bottom of the device body and is used for emergency drainage and to assist in the maintenance of the heating system and temperature measuring equipment. The control device uses a distributed control system to set up interlocking control logic to monitor the temperature and operating status of the antifreeze device.

[0008] The first automatic opening and closing device of the present invention is a duckbill valve. The duckbill valve is made of elastic and wear-resistant material. It does not require additional power to drive it. Under the action of water inlet pressure, it can automatically open the water outlet pipe to drain water. After the drainage is completed, it automatically closes by its own elasticity. It can effectively isolate the convection between cold air outside the well and warm air inside the well, and greatly reduce the heat loss inside the well.

[0009] Preferably, the device body is a reinforced concrete well.

[0010] Preferably, the composite insulation structure includes a polyurethane insulation layer and a waterproof protective shell, wherein the polyurethane insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the device body; the waterproof protective shell is wrapped around the outside of the polyurethane insulation layer; and the water outlet pipe adopts the same composite insulation structure as the device body.

[0011] Preferably, the antifreeze device further includes a composite insulated manhole cover, which comprises a cast iron outer shell, an inner polyurethane insulation layer, and a handle for opening the manhole cover. The inner polyurethane insulation layer fills the interior of the cast iron outer shell. The handle for opening the manhole cover is located at the top of the composite insulated manhole cover. A sealing rubber gasket is provided at the contact point between the composite insulated manhole cover and the device body. A manhole cover screw is provided at the top of the device body, and the composite insulated manhole cover is fixed to the device body by the manhole cover screw.

[0012] Preferably, the emergency drainage device is a maintenance submersible pump, the installation elevation of which is lower than the elevation of the inlet pipe, the maintenance submersible pump is connected to a submersible pump outlet pipe, and a second automatic opening and closing device is installed at the end of the submersible pump outlet pipe.

[0013] In this invention, both the second and first automatic opening and closing devices employ duckbill valves, installed at the end of the submersible pump's outlet pipe. Their function is as follows: under normal conditions, they remain closed to prevent cold air from entering the well along the submersible pump's outlet pipe and lowering the well's temperature; in emergency situations, when an emergency drainage device is needed to remove accumulated water from the well, the second automatic opening and closing device opens under the drainage pressure of the emergency drainage device, thereby removing the accumulated water from the well.

[0014] Preferably, the control device is equipped with a fault alarm. When the antifreeze device malfunctions, it promptly issues an alarm signal to remind staff to perform maintenance, significantly reducing manual maintenance costs and improving the reliability and convenience of the antifreeze device's operation.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for preventing freezing at the inlet of an evaporation pond in high-altitude and cold regions, which is implemented using the aforementioned antifreeze device and includes the following steps: Passive insulation: When water enters the device body through the inlet pipe, the wastewater accumulates in the device body to the water level line of the evaporation pond, generating water pressure that drives the first automatic opening and closing device to open automatically, isolating the air convection inside and outside the device body, and the wastewater is smoothly discharged into the evaporation pond through the outlet pipe; and / or active heating, wherein the active heating steps are: using the temperature measuring device to monitor the temperature inside the device body in real time, when the detected temperature is lower than a first preset threshold, the heating system is automatically triggered to start heating; when the detected temperature is higher than a second preset threshold, the heating system is automatically controlled to stop heating.

[0016] Preferably, the first preset threshold is 0°C and the second preset threshold is 5°C.

[0017] Preferably, the method further includes: when the heating system or the temperature measuring device malfunctions, activating the emergency drainage device to pump out the water accumulated in the device body, so as to provide a maintenance environment or prevent the water from freezing.

[0018] This invention provides an integrated antifreeze device installed at the port of the evaporation pond's inlet pipe. This device integrates structural insulation, temperature monitoring, active heating, emergency drainage, and intelligent control functions. Specifically, it consists of a device body with a composite insulation structure, a heating system, a temperature measuring device, an automatic opening and closing device (an automatically opening and closing duckbill valve for the outlet), an emergency drainage system (a submersible pump for maintenance), and a control device, forming a comprehensive and multi-layered antifreeze protection system to ensure that the evaporation pond inlet in cold regions does not freeze in winter and that drainage is smooth.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages: (1) The antifreeze device of the present invention adopts a dual antifreeze strategy of passive insulation and active heating, combined with real-time temperature monitoring and DCS intelligent linkage, to automatically maintain the temperature inside the well between 0 and 5°C, which both prevents freezing and avoids ineffective energy consumption. (2) The main body of the antifreeze device of the present invention adopts a composite structure of reinforced concrete + polyurethane insulation layer + waterproof shell, which improves the device's resistance to frost heave and low temperature resistance; at the same time, the present invention installs a first automatic opening and closing device at the water outlet, which can automatically open and close without power, effectively blocking the convection of internal and external air and greatly reducing heat loss. (3) The present invention has at least two temperature measuring devices in the device body to avoid miscontrol caused by a single fault; at the same time, a maintenance submersible pump is installed in the device body to pump out accumulated water and maintain short-term operation when the heating system fails, so as to ensure that the evaporation pond does not stop production in winter. Attached Figure Description

[0020] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an antifreeze device for the inlet of an evaporation pond in a high-altitude, cold region. Figure 2 This is a plan view of an antifreeze device for the inlet of an evaporation pond in a high-altitude, cold region.

[0022] In the diagram: 1-Inlet pipe; 2-Equipment body; 3-Polyurethane insulation layer; 4-Waterproof protective shell; 5-Outlet pipe; 6-First automatic opening and closing device; 7-Composite insulated manhole cover; 701-Cast iron shell of manhole cover; 702-Polyurethane insulation layer inside manhole cover; 703-Manhole cover opening handle; 704-Manhole cover screw; 8-Sealing rubber gasket; 9-Heating system; 10-Temperature measuring equipment; 11-Reinforced concrete foundation; 12-Emergency drainage device; 13-Outlet pipe of emergency drainage device; 14-Second automatic opening and closing device; 15-Bottom of evaporation pond; 16-Water level line of evaporation pond; 17-Slope of evaporation pond dam. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example In one aspect, the present invention provides an antifreeze device for the inlet of an evaporation pond in a high-altitude and cold region.

[0025] The present invention provides an antifreeze device for the inlet of an evaporation pond in high-altitude and cold regions, which is installed at the inlet of the evaporation pond and includes: The device body 2 has a well-shaped structure and is located at the port of the water inlet pipe 1. It also has a composite insulation structure. The device body 2 is provided with a water inlet connection part for connecting to the water inlet pipe 1. Water outlet pipe 5, one end of which is connected to the device body 2, and the other end is connected between the bottom of the evaporation pond 15 and the water level line of the evaporation pond 16. The first automatic opening and closing device 6 is installed at the upper end of the water outlet pipe 5 and is used to automatically open and / or close the water outlet pipe 5. Heating system 9 is arranged on the inner wall of the device body 2. The heating system is an electric heat tracing system, including a waterproof electric heat tracing cable. The waterproof electric heat tracing cable is arranged in a ring-shaped spiral along the inner wall of the device body 2. Temperature measuring device 10, including at least two, is installed at at least two positions in the upper, middle or lower part of the device body 2, for monitoring the temperature inside the device body 2 and transmitting the obtained temperature signal to the control device to control the working state of the heating system 9; An emergency drainage device 12 is installed at the bottom of the device body 2 and is used for emergency drainage and auxiliary maintenance of the heating system 9 and the temperature measuring device 10. The control device uses a distributed control system to set up interlocking control logic to monitor the temperature and operating status of the antifreeze device.

[0026] The present invention installs a first automatic opening and closing device 6 at the end of the water outlet pipe 5. This device is a duckbill valve for the water outlet, which is made of elastic wear-resistant materials (such as neoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, etc.). Under the action of water inlet pressure, it can automatically open to drain water and automatically close after the drainage is completed by its own elasticity, effectively isolating the convection between cold air outside the well and warm air inside the well, and greatly reducing the heat loss inside the well.

[0027] A heating system 9 is arranged in a ring-shaped spiral along the well height direction on the inner wall of the device body 2. This heating system 9 is an electric heat tracing system, using IP68 waterproof electric heat tracing tape, which has excellent waterproof and antifreeze performance. The ring-shaped spiral arrangement can increase the contact area between the electric heat tracing tape and the well body and wastewater inside the well, improving heating uniformity and heating efficiency. At the same time, a temperature measuring device 10 is installed inside the device body 2. The temperature measuring device 10 is linked with the heating system 9 to form a closed-loop control.

[0028] To avoid the risk of inaccurate temperature feedback caused by the failure of a single temperature measuring device, which could lead to the heating system being turned on or off incorrectly, this invention installs at least two independent temperature measuring devices 10 on the upper, middle, and lower parts of the device body 2. During actual operation, each temperature measuring device collects temperature data synchronously to ensure the accuracy and reliability of temperature detection and improve the stability of device operation.

[0029] The control device serves as the central control system for the solar thermal power plant. The inlet pipe 1 of the evaporation pond, temperature measuring equipment 10, heating system 9, and emergency drainage device 12 are all linked to the control device. Through a distributed control system with sophisticated interlocking control logic, the intelligent operation of the plant is achieved. The control device can monitor parameters such as the temperature inside the well and the operating status of the equipment in real time, and automatically control the start and stop of the heating system 9 and the operation of the emergency drainage device 12.

[0030] In this embodiment, the device body 2 is made of reinforced concrete.

[0031] In this embodiment, the composite insulation structure includes a polyurethane insulation layer 3 and a waterproof protective shell 4. The polyurethane insulation layer 3 is wrapped around the outside of the device body 2, and the waterproof protective shell 4 is wrapped around the outside of the polyurethane insulation layer 3. The water outlet pipe 5 adopts the same composite insulation structure as the device body.

[0032] The antifreeze device consists of a polyurethane insulation layer 3 and a waterproof protective shell 4 wrapped sequentially around the main body 2. The polyurethane insulation layer 3 has excellent thermal insulation properties, which can effectively reduce heat loss from the well. At the same time, the polyurethane insulation layer 3 has a certain degree of flexibility, which can effectively buffer the frost heave stress generated during the freezing of surrounding wastewater and soil, prevent the well body from cracking and being damaged, and ensure the structural safety of the entire device.

[0033] One end of the water outlet pipe 5 is connected to the main body 2 of the device, and the other end extends to the area between the bottom of the evaporation pond 15 and the water level line 16 of the evaporation pond. Since part of the pipe is in direct contact with the outside atmosphere, the water outlet pipe 5 adopts the same "pipe + polyurethane insulation layer + waterproof protective shell" insulation structure as the main body 2 of the device, which can significantly reduce heat loss.

[0034] In this embodiment, the antifreeze device also includes a composite insulated manhole cover 7, which includes a cast iron outer shell 701, a polyurethane insulation layer 702 inside the manhole cover, and a manhole cover opening handle 703. The polyurethane insulation layer 702 inside the manhole cover is filled inside the cast iron outer shell 701. A sealing rubber gasket 8 is provided at the contact part between the composite insulated manhole cover 7 and the device body 2. The manhole cover opening handle 703 is located at the upper part of the composite insulated manhole cover 7. A manhole cover screw (i.e., locking screw) 704 is provided at the top of the device body 2. The composite insulated manhole cover 7 is fixed to the device body 2 by the manhole cover screw 704.

[0035] The manhole cover adopts a composite insulation structure. The outer structural layer is made of cast iron, possessing sufficient strength and frost resistance. The inner layer is filled with polyurethane insulation, forming a synergistic insulation effect with the insulation layer of the device body. Sealing rubber gaskets are installed at the contact points between the composite insulated manhole cover and the device body to minimize heat loss through gaps. To cope with the pressure of wastewater on the manhole cover and prevent accidental opening, locking bolts are pre-embedded in the top of the device well body, with corresponding openings pre-drilled in the manhole cover. The manhole cover is locked and fixed to the well body by the pre-embedded bolts, ensuring a secure seal.

[0036] In this embodiment, the emergency drainage device 12 is a maintenance submersible pump. The installation elevation of the maintenance submersible pump is lower than the elevation of the inlet pipe. It is connected to the submersible pump outlet pipe, and a second automatic opening and closing device is installed at the end of the submersible pump outlet pipe.

[0037] An emergency drainage device 12 is installed at the bottom of the main body of the device, which has emergency drainage and maintenance assistance functions. When core components such as the heating system 9 and temperature measuring equipment 10 malfunction, the emergency drainage device 12 can be activated to remove the water accumulated in the well, providing a safe working environment for equipment maintenance. If the core equipment cannot be restored in a short time, the emergency drainage device 12 can be activated immediately after each drainage to remove the residual water in the well, preventing the water from freezing in the well and ensuring that the evaporation pond system can still operate normally for a short time, reducing the impact of the malfunction on power plant production. To fully remove the water accumulated in the well, the installation elevation of the emergency drainage device is lower than the elevation of the inlet pipe.

[0038] In this embodiment, the control device is equipped with a fault alarm.

[0039] A fault alarm is installed on the control device. When the equipment malfunctions, an alarm signal is issued in a timely manner to remind staff to carry out maintenance, which greatly reduces the cost of manual operation and maintenance and improves the reliability and convenience of the device operation.

[0040] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention takes the installation of an antifreeze device located near the slope 17 of the evaporation pond dam as an example. The specific installation process is as follows: A reinforced concrete foundation 11 is poured at the port of the inlet pipe 1 of the evaporation pond. The device body 2 is constructed on this foundation. The device body 2 is then wrapped with a polyurethane insulation layer 3 and a waterproof protective shell 4. A composite insulated manhole cover 7 is installed on top of the device body 2. A sealing rubber gasket 8 is installed at the contact point between the composite insulated manhole cover 7 and the device body 2. The composite insulated manhole cover 7 is locked and fixed to the device body 2 using manhole cover bolts 704. A water outlet pipe 5 is connected to one side of the device body 2. The water outlet pipe 5 adopts the same insulation structure as the device body. A first automatic opening and closing device (i.e., a duckbill valve at the outlet) 6 is installed at the end of the water outlet pipe 5. One end of the channel 5 is connected to the main body 2 of the device, and the other end extends to any position between the bottom 15 of the evaporation pond and the water level line 16 of the evaporation pond; a heating system 9 is laid in a spiral ring along the height direction on the inner wall of the well, and a set of temperature measuring devices 10 are installed at the top, middle and bottom of the main body 2; an emergency drainage device 12 is installed at the bottom of the main body 2, and an emergency drainage device outlet pipe 13 is installed. A second automatic opening and closing device 14 (i.e., a duckbill valve at the outlet of the submersible pump) is installed at the end of the emergency drainage device outlet pipe 13; the water pump equipment, heating system 9, temperature measuring device 10 and emergency drainage device 12 at the other end of the inlet pipe 1 are all connected to the control device and interlocked control logic is set.

[0041] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preventing freezing at the inlet of an evaporation pond in high-altitude and cold regions, which employs the aforementioned antifreeze device and includes the following steps: Passive heat preservation, the steps of which are as follows: when water enters the device body 2 through the inlet pipe 1, the wastewater in the device body 2 accumulates to the water level line 16 of the evaporation pond, generating water pressure, which pushes the first automatic opening and closing device 6 to open automatically, isolating the air convection inside and outside the device body 2, and the wastewater is smoothly discharged into the evaporation pond through the outlet pipe 5; and / or active heating, the steps of which are as follows: the temperature measuring device 10 monitors the temperature inside the device body 2 in real time, and when the detected temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, the heating system 9 is automatically triggered to start heating; when the detected temperature is higher than the second preset threshold, the heating system 9 is automatically controlled to stop heating.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first preset threshold is 0°C and the second preset threshold is 5°C.

[0043] When the temperature measuring device 10 detects that the temperature inside the device body 2 is below 0°C, it automatically triggers the heating system 9 to start heating; when the temperature inside the device body 2 is detected to be above 5°C, it automatically controls the heating system 9 to stop heating, which effectively prevents the wastewater inside the device body 2 from freezing and avoids energy waste caused by ineffective heating, thus achieving the dual goals of energy saving and antifreeze.

[0044] When the heating system 9 or the temperature measuring device 10 malfunctions, the emergency drainage device 12 is activated to pump out the water accumulated in the device body 2, in order to provide a maintenance environment or prevent the water from freezing.

[0045] Under normal circumstances, when water enters the device body 2 through the inlet pipe 1, the wastewater in the well accumulates to a certain level (evaporation pond water level line 16), generating water pressure that drives the first automatic opening and closing device 6 to open automatically. The wastewater is then smoothly discharged into the evaporation pond through the outlet pipe 5. In low-temperature winter environments, the antifreeze device first provides passive insulation through the composite insulation structure of the device body 2 and the outlet pipe 5 to reduce heat loss. The temperature measuring device 10 monitors the temperature inside the well in real time. When the temperature inside the well is detected to be below 0℃, the control device automatically triggers the heating system 9 to start heating. When the temperature inside the well is detected to be above 5℃, the heating system 9 automatically stops heating, maintaining the temperature inside the device body between 0℃ and 5℃ to prevent the wastewater from freezing.

[0046] Emergency Handling: Under normal operating conditions, the heating system 9 uses the lowest temperature among the temperature measuring devices 10 as the start / stop signal. If any one set of temperature measuring devices malfunctions, the other two sets continue to operate. The control device operates based on the majority of temperature data to prevent malfunction of the heating system 9. When either the heating system 9 or the temperature measuring device 10 malfunctions and cannot operate normally, the emergency drainage device 12 is activated to remove accumulated water from the device body 2. Workers can then open the manhole cover 7 using the manhole cover opening handle 703 and enter the manhole for inspection. If the fault cannot be resolved quickly, the emergency drainage device 12 is immediately activated after each drainage cycle to remove accumulated water from the manhole, preventing freezing and ensuring the evaporation pond system operates normally for a short period, thus minimizing the impact of the fault on power plant production.

[0047] Routine inspection and maintenance: Periodically enter the device body 2 by opening the composite insulated well cover 7. Before entering the well, use the emergency drainage device 12 to pump out the water accumulated in the well. Inspect, maintain and calibrate components such as the heating system 9, temperature measuring equipment 10, and emergency drainage device 12 to ensure that the equipment is in good working order. Check the sealing performance of the sealing rubber gasket 8 and the integrity of the insulation layer, and replace damaged parts in a timely manner to ensure the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0048] Intelligent Control: The inlet pipe 1, temperature measuring device 10, heating system 9, and emergency drainage device 12 of the evaporation pond are all linked to the control device. A comprehensive interlocking control logic is set up through a distributed control system (DCS) to achieve intelligent operation of the device. The control device can monitor parameters such as temperature and equipment operating status within the device body 2 in real time, automatically controlling the start and stop of the heating system 9 and the operation of the emergency drainage device 12. It also has a fault alarm function; when equipment malfunctions, it promptly issues an alarm signal to remind staff to perform maintenance, significantly reducing manual maintenance costs and improving the reliability and convenience of device operation.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the design concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The parameter settings described are only examples of method application, and should be reasonably selected according to the actual situation in specific applications. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A freeze protection device for the inlet of an evaporation pond in a high-altitude cold region, wherein the freeze protection device is installed at the inlet of the evaporation pond, characterized in that, The antifreeze device includes: The device body has a well-shaped structure and is located at the port of the water inlet pipe. It also has a composite insulation structure and a water inlet connection part for connecting the water inlet pipe. The water outlet pipe has one end connected to the main body of the device and the other end connected between the bottom of the evaporation pond and the water level line of the evaporation pond. A first automatic opening and closing device is installed at the upper end of the water outlet pipe for automatically opening and / or closing the water outlet pipe. A heating system is arranged on the inner wall of the device body. The heating system is an electric heat tracing system, including a waterproof electric heat tracing tape. The waterproof electric heat tracing tape is arranged in a ring-shaped spiral along the inner wall of the device body. At least two temperature measuring devices are installed at at least two locations in the upper, middle or lower part of the device body, respectively, to monitor the temperature inside the device body and transmit the obtained temperature signal to the control device to control the working state of the heating system; An emergency drainage device is installed at the bottom of the device body for emergency drainage and to assist in the maintenance of the heating system and the temperature measuring equipment; The control device, through a distributed control system with interlocking control logic, monitors the temperature and operating status of the antifreeze device. The composite insulation structure includes a polyurethane insulation layer and a waterproof protective shell. The polyurethane insulation layer wraps around the outside of the device body; the waterproof protective shell wraps around the outside of the polyurethane insulation layer. The water outlet pipe uses the same composite insulation structure as the device body. The antifreeze device also includes a composite insulated manhole cover, which includes a cast iron outer shell, an inner polyurethane insulation layer, and a handle. The inner polyurethane insulation layer fills the inside of the cast iron outer shell. The handle is located at the top of the composite insulated manhole cover. A sealing rubber gasket is provided at the contact point between the composite insulated manhole cover and the device body. A manhole cover bolt is provided at the top of the device body, and the composite insulated manhole cover is fixed to the device body via the manhole cover bolt. The emergency drainage device is a maintenance submersible pump. The installation elevation of the maintenance submersible pump is lower than the elevation of the inlet pipe. The maintenance submersible pump is connected to a submersible pump outlet pipe. A second automatic opening and closing device is installed at the end of the submersible pump outlet pipe. Both the first automatic opening and closing device and the second automatic opening and closing device adopt duckbill valves; The waterproof electric heating cable is an IP68 waterproof electric heating cable, and is arranged in a ring spiral along the inner wall of the device body in the direction of well height. Under normal operating conditions, the heating system uses the lowest temperature among the temperature measuring devices as the start / stop signal; when any of the temperature measuring devices fails, the remaining temperature measuring devices continue to work, and the control device performs control based on the majority of temperature measurement data; When the temperature measuring device detects that the internal temperature of the device body is below 0°C, the control device automatically triggers the heating system to start heating; when the internal temperature of the device body is detected to be above 5°C, the control device automatically controls the heating system to stop heating. The first automatic opening and closing device automatically opens the outlet pipe to drain water under the action of inlet water pressure, and automatically closes itself after drainage to isolate the air convection inside and outside the device body; the second automatic opening and closing device is in the closed state under normal conditions to prevent cold air from entering the device body along the outlet pipe of the submersible pump, and opens under the drainage pressure of the submersible pump under maintenance. When the heating system or the temperature measuring device malfunctions and cannot be restored in a short time, the maintenance submersible pump shall be started immediately after each drainage to remove the residual water inside the device body.

2. The antifreeze device for the inlet of an evaporation pond in a high-altitude cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the device is a reinforced concrete well.

3. The antifreeze device for the inlet of an evaporation pond in a high-altitude cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control device is equipped with a fault alarm.

4. A method for preventing freezing at the inlet of an evaporation pond in a high-altitude, cold region, implemented using the antifreeze device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following steps: Passive insulation, wherein the passive insulation steps are as follows: when water enters the device body through the inlet pipe, the wastewater in the device body accumulates to the water level line of the evaporation pond, generating water pressure, which pushes the first automatic opening and closing device to automatically open, isolating the air convection inside and outside the device body, and the wastewater is smoothly discharged into the evaporation pond through the outlet pipe; and / or Active heating, wherein the active heating steps are as follows: using the temperature measuring device to monitor the temperature inside the device body in real time; when the detected temperature is lower than a first preset threshold, the heating system is automatically triggered to start heating; when the detected temperature is higher than a second preset threshold, the heating system is automatically controlled to stop heating.

5. The method for preventing freezing of the inlet of an evaporation pond in a cold region according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first preset threshold is 0℃, and the second preset threshold is 5℃.

6. The method for preventing freezing of the inlet of an evaporation pond in a cold region according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: when the heating system or the temperature measuring device malfunctions, activating the emergency drainage device to pump out the water accumulated in the device body to provide a maintenance environment or prevent the water from freezing.

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