Adaptive adjusting device and bidirectional speed reducer

Abstract

The application discloses an adaptive adjusting device and a bidirectional speed reducer, and relates to the technical field of transmission equipment. The adaptive adjusting device comprises an output shaft, a supporting bearing, an adjusting end cover, a supporting end cover, a spherical connecting gear and a driven wheel. The adjusting end cover and the supporting end cover are in spherical sliding fit, the spherical centers of the connecting gear, the adjusting end cover and the supporting end cover coincide, and the tooth thickness of the connecting gear is smaller than the tooth pitch of the driven wheel, so that the output shaft can be adaptively deflected within a limited angle. The bidirectional speed reducer comprises a shell, two groups of the adaptive adjusting device and a worm. The driven wheel is a worm wheel and is engaged with the worm. The two output shafts extend in opposite directions. The application automatically compensates the coaxiality error through automatic deflection of the output shaft, does not need a flexible coupling, eliminates additional bending moment and radial force, improves the reliability and service life of a transmission system under misalignment conditions, and has compact structure and low maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of transmission devices, and in particular to an adaptive adjustment device and a bidirectional speed reducer. Background Technology

[0002] A bidirectional speed reducer, as the name suggests, is a speed reducer with two output shafts, and the output directions of the two output shafts are opposite.

[0003] Traditional bidirectional reducers typically employ a rigid housing structure, with the relative positions of the two output shafts fixed in space. When a bidirectional reducer with this design is in operation, if the working conditions are ideally aligned, the input shafts of the two driven components are coaxial, which will result in good working conditions for the bidirectional reducer.

[0004] However, in practical engineering applications, due to the complex installation and use environment and objective manufacturing tolerances, it is difficult to achieve a stress-free standard alignment between the mounting reference surfaces of the two driven components and the two output shafts of the reducer. There is always a certain degree of misalignment between the input shaft of the driven component and the output shaft of the bidirectional reducer.

[0005] Existing technologies typically employ the following two approaches to address the misalignment problem: 1. Improve manufacturing and installation precision. However, improving precision is costly, and deformation may occur due to heat and stress during use, which may lead to connection failure over long-term operation.

[0006] 2. A flexible coupling is added between the rigid output shaft of the bidirectional reducer and the driven component to compensate for the alignment deviation.

[0007] However, firstly, the coupling and its protective cover require a large installation space, which is not conducive to a compact design of the equipment layout. Secondly, although the coupling compensates for the misalignment, the additional bending moment and radial force generated will still be transmitted to the support bearings and gears inside the reducer through the output shaft, causing uneven loading of the support bearings, poor gear meshing, accelerating fatigue damage to the core components of the reducer, affecting the overall lifespan of the machine, and the coupling itself also requires maintenance, further increasing maintenance costs by adding a coupling.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an adaptive adjustment device and a bidirectional reducer that can eliminate bending moment and radial force caused by misalignment while connecting to the driven device without the need for a coupling. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the issue of high connection costs between traditional bidirectional speed reducers and driven components, this application provides an adaptive adjustment device and a bidirectional speed reducer.

[0010] Firstly, the adaptive adjustment device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: An adaptive adjustment device, comprising: Output shaft; Two support bearings are provided, coaxially located at both ends of the output shaft; Two adjusting end caps are provided, which are ring-shaped and respectively fitted onto the opposite ends of the two supporting bearings, with the opposite ends having spherical protrusions. The support end cap has two rings, and its inner cavity is a hemispherical cavity that slides and fits with the spherical surface of the adjustment end cap, and the central angle of the inner cavity is less than 180°. The connecting gear is a spur gear design, and the output shaft is coaxially located between two support bearings, with its outer side wall being spherical. The driven wheel is coaxially sleeved on the connecting gear and meshes with the connecting gear. The teeth that mesh with the connecting gear are straight and are used to connect to the drive source. The center of the connecting gear coincides with the center of the spheres of the two supporting end caps. The thickness of the teeth of the connecting gear is less than the pitch of the teeth of the driven wheel meshing with the connecting gear. When the output shaft is adjusted within the allowable angle range, a side clearance is always maintained between the teeth of the connecting gear and the teeth of the inner hole of the driven wheel.

[0011] By using the above technical solution, the traditional transmission connection between the output shaft of the reducer and the input shaft of the load is replaced. This allows the output shaft of the reducer to self-adaptively deflect within a certain angle range in a spherical space. During transmission, when there is a coaxiality error between the load input shaft and the reducer output shaft, the above design can compensate for the error through the automatic deflection of the output shaft, thereby avoiding the introduction of additional bending moment and radial force in the transmission chain and significantly improving the reliability and lifespan of the transmission system under misalignment conditions.

[0012] Optionally, both ends of the driven wheel are provided with mounting tubes coaxially. The mounting tubes are used to install connecting bearings, which are used to install the driven wheel in the equipment housing. The inner diameter of the mounting tubes is larger than the diameter of the output shaft.

[0013] Optionally, when the output shaft is adjusted to abut against the end of the mounting tube, the angle of the output shaft is adjusted within the allowable range.

[0014] Optionally, both ends of the output shaft are provided with shoulders for fitting and supporting bearings. The opposite side of each shoulder is designed as a bevel. The end of the mounting tube is provided with a chamfer. When the output shaft rotates to abut against the mounting tube, the bevel fits against the chamfered surface of the chamfer.

[0015] Optionally, an extension rod is coaxially slidably mounted in the output shaft. The extension rod is threadedly engaged with the output shaft, and the end of the extension rod is provided with a connecting part for connecting the input shaft of the load.

[0016] Optionally, the threaded connection between the extension rod and the output shaft is located at the point where the output shaft is mounted on the connecting gear.

[0017] Optionally, one end of the extension rod away from the connecting part extends out of the output shaft, and the end of the extension rod extending out of the output shaft is provided with a locking part, which is used to cooperate with the tool to rotate the extension rod.

[0018] Optionally, the output shaft includes a first shaft and a second shaft, two support bearings are respectively disposed on the first shaft and the second shaft, the connecting gear is coaxially disposed on the first shaft, one end of the second shaft is slidably mounted on one end of the first shaft, the second shaft and the first shaft are circumferentially fixed, the extension rod is threadedly mounted on the second shaft, and the extension rod is slidably mounted on the first shaft.

[0019] Secondly, this application provides a bidirectional speed reducer with the following technical solution: A bidirectional speed reducer includes a housing with two mounting cavities, each of which is provided with the aforementioned adaptive adjustment device, and the output ends of two output shafts are located on opposite sides of the housing. A worm gear is rotatably mounted on the housing, and the driven wheel is designed as a worm wheel, which meshes with the worm gear.

[0020] Optionally, the housing is provided with an oil seal, which is sleeved on the output shaft at one end of the mounting cavity. The housing is provided with a cover, which is located at the other end of the housing of the mounting cavity, and the cover covers one end of the output shaft and one end of the extension rod.

[0021] In summary, this application replaces the traditional transmission connection between the output shaft of the reducer and the input shaft of the load with the above-described solution. This allows the output shaft of the reducer to self-adaptively deflect within a certain angular range in a spherical space. During transmission, when there is a coaxiality error between the load input shaft and the reducer output shaft, the above-described design can compensate for the error through the automatic deflection of the output shaft, thereby avoiding the introduction of additional bending moment and radial force in the transmission chain. This significantly improves the reliability and lifespan of the transmission system under misalignment conditions. At the same time, the grease stored in the cover allows the grease to enter the housing along the extension rod to lubricate the shaft when the output shaft rotates. Furthermore, the extension rod and output shaft can be easily disassembled and repaired when maintenance is required. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bidirectional speed reducer of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adaptive adjustment device inside the bidirectional reducer of this application, with the connecting bearing removed from the diagram.

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the adaptive adjustment device of this application.

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the adaptive adjustment device of this application from another angle.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the adaptive adjustment device of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0028] Those skilled in the art will understand that the elements in the accompanying drawings are shown for simplicity and clarity and are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the size and position of some elements in the drawings may be enlarged relative to other elements to aid in understanding the embodiments of the invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Output shaft; 11. Support bearing; 12. Adjusting end cover; 13. Support end cover; 14. Connecting gear; 15. Driven wheel; 16. Shoulder; 17. Inclined surface; 2. Mounting tube; 21. Chamfer; 22. Connecting bearing; 3. Extension rod; 31. Connecting part; 32. Locking part; 4. First shaft body; 5. Second shaft body; 6. Housing; 61. Mounting cavity; 62. Oil seal; 63. Cover sleeve; 64. Sealing end cover; 7. Worm gear. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application disclose an adaptive adjustment device, referring to... Figure 1-6 It includes an output shaft 1, two support bearings 11, two adjusting end covers 12, two supporting end covers 13, a connecting gear 14, and a driven wheel 15.

[0032] Two support bearings 11 are coaxially sleeved at both ends of the output shaft 1, and the support bearings 11 are transitionally fitted with the output shaft 1. The adjusting end cover 12 is annular, and the two adjusting end covers 12 are coaxially sleeved at both ends of the output shaft 1, and the adjusting end cover 12 is clearance fitted with the output shaft 1.

[0033] The opposite ends of the support bearing 11 are respectively fitted into the inner cavity of the adjustment end cover 12, and the support bearing 11 and the inner cavity of the adjustment end cover 12 are transitionally fitted.

[0034] Two support end caps 13 are respectively located on opposite sides of the two adjustment end caps 12. The support end caps 13 are annular, and the two ends of the output shaft 1 pass through the inner hole of the support end cap 13.

[0035] The support end cover 13 is used to fix and install on the housing 6 as a support for the bearing 11, the output shaft 1 and the adjusting end cover 12. The inner diameter of the support end cover 13 is larger than the diameter of the output shaft 1.

[0036] The openings of the support end caps 13 are opposite each other, and the inner cavity of the support end caps 13 is a spherical inner cavity. The opposite end faces of the adjustment end caps 12 are both spherical. The two spherical ends of the two adjustment end caps 12 are respectively slidably embedded into the spherical inner cavity of the support end caps 13, and the adjustment end caps 12, the support bearing 11 and the output shaft 1 are supported by the support end caps 13.

[0037] The spherical inner cavity of the support end cover 13 has a central angle of less than 180°. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the end of the output shaft 1, the end of the output shaft 1 can be adjusted by a predetermined limited angle in a spherical space to compensate for the coaxiality error between the output shaft 1 and the input shaft of the load.

[0038] A connecting gear 14, designed as a spur gear, is coaxially fixed on the output shaft 1 at the middle of the two support bearings 11. The sidewall of the connecting gear 14 is spherical. The center of the connecting gear 14 and the center of the spherical surfaces of the two adjusting end covers 12 coincide.

[0039] A driven wheel 15 is coaxially mounted on the connecting gear 14. The inner ring of the driven wheel 15 has teeth, and the inner ring of the driven wheel 15 meshes with the connecting gear 14. The teeth of the driven wheel 15 are arranged in a straight line.

[0040] The driven wheel 15 has a coaxially integrated mounting tube 2 at both ends. The inner diameter of the mounting tube 2 is larger than the diameter of the output shaft 1. The inner ring of the port of the two mounting tubes 2 at opposite ends is provided with a chamfer 21. The output shaft 1 has a shoulder 16 at the mounting support bearing 11. The opposite side of the shoulder 16 has a bevel 17.

[0041] Within the allowable adjustment range of the output shaft 1, when the output shaft 1 is adjusted, there is always a backlash between the teeth of the connecting gear 14 and the teeth of the driven wheel 15. When the output shaft 1 rotates until the inclined surface 17 of its shoulder 16 abuts against the chamfer 21 of the mounting tube 2, the rotation angle of the output shaft 1 does not exceed the allowable adjustment range of the output shaft 1. The restriction of the mounting tube 2 ensures that there is no collision between the teeth of the connecting gear 14 and the teeth of the driven wheel 15 when the output shaft 1 is adjusted, thus preventing the teeth of the connecting gear 14 and the driven wheel 15 from deforming or even breaking due to the large torque generated by the angle adjustment of the output shaft 1.

[0042] Meanwhile, the mounting tube 2 is equipped with a connecting bearing 22, which is used to fit and install with the housing 6 to which the output shaft 1 needs to be installed, thereby supporting and fixing the driven wheel 15.

[0043] The output shaft 1 includes a first shaft body 4 and a second shaft body 5, which are connected and fixed to each other by spline. A connecting gear 14 is coaxially fixedly installed at one end of the first shaft body 4, and one end of the second shaft body 5 is inserted into the first shaft body 4. The end face of the connecting gear 14 is flush with the end face of the end where the first shaft body 4 and the second shaft body 5 are connected.

[0044] An extension rod 3 is slidably installed in one end of the first shaft 4. One end of the extension rod 3 slides into the second shaft 5, and the extension rod 3 is threadedly connected to the second shaft 5. One end of the extension rod 3 located in the second shaft 5 extends out of the second shaft 5. A locking part 32 is provided on the end of the extension rod 3 extending out of the second shaft 5. The locking part 32 includes two nuts and a mounting rod. The mounting rod is coaxially and integrally provided on the end face of the extension rod 3 extending out of the second shaft 5. The nuts are threadedly installed on the mounting rod. The outer diameter of the nuts is not greater than the diameter of the extension rod 3. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the nuts and the diameter of the extension rod 3 are the same.

[0045] The other end of the extension rod 3 is integrally provided with a connecting part 31. In this embodiment, an annular part is integrally provided at the end of the extension rod 3. The connecting part 31 enables the extension rod 3 to be fixedly connected to an external shaft.

[0046] During adjustment, since the connection end between the extension rod 3 and the input shaft of the external load is inconvenient to adjust, it can be easily adjusted by rotating the extension rod 3 with the nut. At the same time, the threaded engagement between the extension rod 3 and the second shaft 5 limits the axial movement of the extension rod 3 and fixes the extension rod 3 and the second shaft 5 circumferentially, making both the extension adjustment of the extension rod 3 and the circumferential fixation between the extension rod 3 and the second shaft 5 convenient.

[0047] Reference Figure 1-6Secondly, this embodiment discloses a bidirectional reducer, including a housing 6, two of the above-mentioned adaptive adjustment devices and a worm gear 7, with the driven wheel 15 designed as a worm wheel.

[0048] The housing 6 is designed with two mounting cavities 61, and two adaptive adjustment devices are respectively located in the two mounting cavities 61. The outer edge of the support end cap 13 of the two adaptive adjustment devices is rectangular and adapted to the housing 6. The support end cap 13 of the adaptive adjustment devices is fitted into the mounting cavity 61 to support and fix the entire adaptive adjustment device.

[0049] The worm gear 7 is rotatably mounted in the housing 6, and meshes with both driven wheels 15. When the worm gear 7 is rotated, it drives the two driven wheels 15 to rotate synchronously. Furthermore, the first shaft 4 of the adaptive adjustment device has been lengthened to accommodate the bidirectional reducer.

[0050] A closed end cap 64 is bolted to the housing 6 located at the first shaft 4. The closed end cap 64 is annular and is bolted to one end of the housing 6 at the mounting cavity 61. An oil seal 62 is provided between the closed end cap 64 and the supporting end cap 13. The oil seal 62 seals the end of the mounting cavity 61, making it difficult for the lubricating oil inside the mounting cavity to leak out. One end of the first shaft 4 passes through the supporting end cap 13, the oil seal 62, and the closed end cap 64 in sequence and is located to the outside.

[0051] A cover 63 is bolted to the housing 6 at the second shaft 5. One end of the extension rod 3 extends from one end of the second shaft 5, and the cover 63 seals the second shaft 5 and one end of the extension rod 3. The cover 63 is filled with lubricating grease. When the threaded end of the extension rod 3 rotates, it gradually pushes the lubricating grease into the mounting cavity 61 of the housing 6 to lubricate the parts inside the housing 6.

[0052] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An adaptive adjustment device, characterized in that, include: Output shaft (1); Two support bearings (11) are provided, coaxially located at both ends of the output shaft (1); Two adjusting end caps (12) are provided, which are ring-shaped and respectively fitted onto the opposite ends of the two supporting bearings (11), with the opposite ends being spherical protrusions. The support end cap (13) is provided in two rings, and its inner cavity is a hemispherical cavity that slides and fits with the spherical surface of the adjustment end cap (12), and the central angle of its inner cavity is less than 180°. The connecting gear (14) is a spur gear, and the output shaft (1) is coaxially located between two support bearings (11), and its outer side wall is spherical; Driven wheel (15) is coaxially sleeved on the connecting gear (14) and meshes with the connecting gear (14). The teeth that mesh with the connecting gear (14) are straight teeth and are used to connect to the drive source. The center of the connecting gear (14), the center of the spherical surface of the two adjusting end caps (12), and the center of the spherical inner cavity of the two supporting end caps (13) coincide; the tooth thickness of the connecting gear (14) is smaller than the tooth pitch of the inner tooth of the driven wheel (15); when the output shaft (1) deflects within the allowable angle range, the meshing teeth of the connecting gear (14) and the driven wheel (15) always maintain a backlash; Both ends of the driven wheel (15) are provided with mounting tubes (2) on the same axis; Both ends of the output shaft (1) are provided with shoulders (16) for use in conjunction with the support bearing (11). The opposite side of each shoulder (16) is designed as a chamfer (17). The end of the mounting tube (2) is provided with a chamfer (21). When the output shaft (1) rotates to abut against the mounting tube (2), the chamfer (17) abuts against the chamfered surface of the chamfer (21). An extension rod (3) is coaxially slidably mounted in the output shaft (1), and the extension rod (3) is threadedly engaged with the output shaft (1); The output shaft (1) includes a first shaft body (4) and a second shaft body (5). Two support bearings (11) are respectively disposed on the first shaft body (4) and the second shaft body (5). The connecting gear (14) is coaxially disposed on the first shaft body (4). One end of the second shaft body (5) is slidably installed on one end of the first shaft body (4). The second shaft body (5) and the first shaft body (4) are circumferentially fixed. The extension rod (3) is threadedly installed on the second shaft body (5). The extension rod (3) is slidably installed on the first shaft body (4).

2. The adaptive adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting tube (2) is equipped with a connecting bearing (22), which is used to rotate and support the driven wheel (15) on the equipment housing (6). The inner diameter of the mounting tube (2) is larger than the diameter of the output shaft (1).

3. The adaptive adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the output shaft (1) deflects to abut the end of the mounting tube (2), the deflection angle of the output shaft (1) is still within the allowable adjustment range.

4. The adaptive adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the extension rod (3) is provided with a connecting part (31), which is used to connect to the load input shaft.

5. The adaptive adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded connection between the extension rod (3) and the output shaft (1) is located at the location where the connecting gear (14) is mounted on the output shaft (1).

6. The adaptive adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extension rod (3) extends from the output shaft (1) at one end away from the connecting part (31). The extension rod (3) extending out of the output shaft (1) is provided with a locking part (32), which is used to cooperate with the tool to rotate the extension rod (3).

7. A bidirectional speed reducer, characterized in that: It includes a housing (6) with two mounting cavities (61), each of which is provided with an adaptive adjustment device as described in any one of claims 1-6. The output ends of two output shafts (1) are located on opposite sides of the housing (6). A worm gear (7) is rotatably mounted on the housing (6). The driven wheel (15) is designed as a worm gear and meshes with the worm gear (7).

8. A bidirectional speed reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing (6) is provided with an oil seal (62), which is sleeved on the output shaft (1) at one end of the mounting cavity (61). The housing (6) is provided with a cover (63), which is located at the other end of the housing (6) of the mounting cavity (61). The cover (63) covers one end of the output shaft (1) and one end of the extension rod (3).

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