High performance pneumatic control valve with adaptive flow passage structure

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of pneumatic control valve technology, and specifically relates to a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure. The valve includes a valve body assembly, a positioner assembly, an actuator assembly, and an air source processing assembly. A large-diameter outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the valve body assembly. This high-performance pneumatic control valve features an adaptive flow channel structure at the valve body outlet, combined with mechanical linkage control and temperature adaptive adjustment structures. This enables passive linkage adjustment of the outlet diameter of the pneumatic control valve according to the opening degree, effectively solving the problems of large start-up impact, high vibration and noise, cavitation at small openings, large pressure loss at large openings, and inaccurate adjustment under extreme temperatures in traditional pneumatic control valves. It not only has the ability to achieve stable adjustment under all operating conditions but also improves the protective performance of the pneumatic control valve, significantly expanding its applicable scenarios and effectively enhancing its reliability and lifespan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pneumatic control valve technology, and in particular relates to a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure. Background Technology

[0002] Pneumatic control valves are indispensable core fluid actuators in industrial automation control systems. Powered by compressed air, they mainly consist of two core parts: a pneumatic actuator (cylinder / diaphragm, return spring, push rod) and a valve body (valve core, valve seat, flow channel), along with auxiliary accessories such as valve positioners and air source processing components. Their working principle involves adjusting the input air pressure to push the valve core, producing a linear displacement and changing the flow cross-sectional area between the valve core and valve seat. This allows for continuous and precise control of process parameters such as flow rate, pressure, temperature, and level of media like gas, liquid, and steam within pipelines. They are widely used in key industrial sectors of the national economy, including petrochemicals, power generation, metallurgy, water treatment, and pharmaceuticals.

[0003] Existing pneumatic control valves generally adopt a fixed outlet flow channel structure, and the inner wall of the valve body outlet lacks a dedicated buffer and adaptive adjustment design, which has the following drawbacks in practical applications: When the pneumatic control valve is started, the fluid at the valve body inlet will pass through the valve seat at high speed and impact the inner wall of the valve body outlet and the downstream pipeline, causing severe vibration and high-decibel noise. Long-term impact will affect the sealing of the connection between the pneumatic control valve and the pipeline, and may even cause the medium to overflow, affecting the reliability of the pneumatic control valve. When the pneumatic control valve is in operation at a small opening, the main throttling surface formed by the valve core and valve seat is extremely small. After the fluid passes through a single-stage throttling, the flow velocity increases sharply and the static pressure drops significantly. When the static pressure is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the medium, cavitation and flashing phenomena occur. The bubbles flow with the fluid to the downstream high-pressure area and collapse. The high-speed micro-jet generated continuously impacts the inner wall of the outlet, forming a honeycomb-like erosion. At the same time, it damages the sealing surfaces of the valve core and valve seat in the reverse direction, greatly shortening the service life of the valve. Under large opening conditions, the fixed outlet flow channel of the pneumatic control valve body is difficult to adapt to the flow characteristics of a large amount of high-speed medium, resulting in greater resistance for the medium to pass through the outlet end of the valve body, causing unnecessary pressure loss and energy waste. High-speed fluid is prone to generating strong turbulence and eddies in the fixed-shape outlet flow channel, which in turn causes severe vibration and high-decibel noise, leading to valve stem vibration, reduced positioning accuracy, and loosening of fasteners. This not only affects the reliability of the pneumatic control valve, but also significantly increases the operating cost of the fluid delivery system.

[0004] To address these issues, we propose a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure, comprising a valve body assembly, a positioner assembly, an actuator assembly and an air source processing assembly, wherein a large-diameter outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the valve body assembly, and a connecting flange is fixedly connected to both the outlet end of the large-diameter outlet pipe and the inlet end of the valve body assembly. An adaptive flow channel mechanism is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large-diameter outlet pipe; A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protrusion of the push rod in the actuator assembly, and a control mechanism for adaptive flow channel mechanism adjustment is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the support of the actuator assembly.

[0007] In the above-mentioned high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure, the adaptive flow channel mechanism includes a first thick rubber layer and a second thick rubber layer fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large-diameter outlet pipe. The first thick rubber layer is located inside the second thick rubber layer. The outer wall of the first thick rubber layer has a through hole, and a connecting thin cylinder is fixedly connected to the wall of the through hole. The outer wall of the large-diameter outlet pipe has a circular hole that mates with the connecting thin cylinder. An isolation rubber ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting thin cylinder. The outer wall of the isolation rubber ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large-diameter outlet pipe.

[0008] In the aforementioned high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure, the regulating mechanism includes a storage cylinder fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the actuator assembly support. A rubber piston is slidably and sealingly connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder. A moving rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the rubber piston. The top end of the moving rod passes through a through hole at the top of the storage cylinder and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a connecting rod. A heat-conducting hose is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the storage cylinder. The bottom end of the heat-conducting hose is fixedly connected to the top end of a connecting thin cylinder. The inner cavity of the bottom end of the storage cylinder, the inner cavity of the heat-conducting hose, the inner cavity of the connecting thin cylinder, and the inner cavity of the second thick rubber layer together form an adaptive flow channel regulating cavity, and the interior of the adaptive flow channel regulating cavity is filled with a hydraulic oil layer.

[0009] In the aforementioned high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure, a limit ring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the bracket in the actuator assembly, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limit ring. The side end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rod wall of the moving rod.

[0010] In the aforementioned high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure, a heat insulation box is fixedly connected to the top of the control box of the positioner assembly. A T-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat insulation box. A PLC controller is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the T-shaped plate. A through hole is opened at the top of the heat insulation box, and a first temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the wall of the through hole. A miniature air pump is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat insulation box. A delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the miniature air pump. The outlet end of the delivery pipe passes through the vertical part of the T-shaped plate. A bend is fixedly connected to the air inlet end of the miniature air pump. The air inlet end of the bend passes through the outer wall of the heat insulation box and is threaded. A temperature adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical part of the T-shaped plate. An air guiding mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat insulation box.

[0011] In the aforementioned high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure, the temperature control mechanism includes multiple metal mesh plates fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical part of a T-shaped plate. The horizontal part of the T-shaped plate has a circular hole, and an electric heating tube is fixedly connected to the wall of the circular hole. The heating end of the electric heating tube passes through multiple metal mesh plates. The outer wall of the heat insulation box has a rectangular through hole, and a heat-conducting metal plate is fixedly connected to the wall of the rectangular through hole. The outer wall of the heat-conducting metal plate is fixedly connected to the side walls of the multiple metal mesh plates. Two symmetrically distributed semiconductor coolers are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat-conducting metal plate.

[0012] In the aforementioned high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure, the air guiding mechanism includes a three-way pipe fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat insulation box. The horizontal portion of the three-way pipe has a mounting hole, and a second temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the wall of the mounting hole. The bottom outlet of the three-way pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the control box in the positioner assembly. The outer wall of the control box of the positioner assembly has an exhaust hole, and a dustproof mesh is fixedly connected to the wall of the exhaust hole. The top outlet of the three-way pipe is fixedly connected to a heat insulation pipe. An outer sleeve is fixedly fitted onto the outlet of the heat insulation pipe. The heat-conducting hose is located inside the outer sleeve. The top of the outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the storage cylinder. The bottom of the outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the wall of the large-diameter outlet pipe. Multiple oblique exhaust holes are formed on the outer wall of the bottom of the outer sleeve.

[0013] In the above-mentioned high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure, the air inlet end of the bend is threaded with a rubber nut, and a sponge filter cover is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rubber nut.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure are: 1. Through the adaptive flow channel mechanism and control mechanism, when the pneumatic control valve is working, the push rod of the actuator component drives the moving rod to rise and fall synchronously through the connecting rod, driving the rubber piston to slide in the storage cylinder, changing the volume of hydraulic oil in the adaptive flow channel adjustment chamber, and driving the second thick rubber layer to expand and contract synchronously, realizing the passive adaptive linkage between the outlet flow channel diameter and the valve body assembly opening. Under small opening conditions, the downstream back pressure of the main throttling is increased by reducing the outlet diameter, and the pressure drop is distributed by two-stage throttling to suppress cavitation and flashing. Under large opening conditions, the flow diameter is expanded to reduce pressure loss. At the initial stage of valve opening and closing, the impact energy is absorbed by the rubber buffer structure to suppress water hammer. This solves the problem of poor adjustment adaptability of traditional fixed flow channel pneumatic control valves under different working conditions. No external power supply or sensor is required. The structure is simple and reliable, improving the protection capability of the pneumatic control valve and significantly improving the reliability and adaptability of the pneumatic control valve.

[0015] 2. By setting a first thick rubber layer and a second thick rubber layer, when high-speed fluid enters the large-diameter outlet pipe, the high-speed fluid first impacts the second thick rubber layer. Then, the impact force is transmitted through the second thick rubber layer and the hydraulic oil layer to the air buffer cavity inside the first thick rubber layer. The deformation of the air buffer cavity absorbs most of the energy, effectively solving the problems of severe vibration, high decibel noise, flange loosening, and seal failure caused by the impact of high-speed fluid at the moment of pneumatic control valve start-up. At the same time, it reduces the damage of the impact to the internal components of the valve body, effectively improving the reliability and life of the pneumatic control valve.

[0016] 3. Through the set temperature adjustment mechanism, first temperature sensor, PLC controller, and air guiding mechanism, when the pneumatic control valve is working in an extreme temperature environment, the first temperature sensor collects the ambient temperature and transmits it to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the temperature adjustment mechanism to heat or cool the air. The temperature-adjusted air is then delivered to the control box of the outer tube and the positioner assembly through the air guiding mechanism. This solves the problems of decreased flow channel adjustment accuracy caused by abnormal viscosity and volume of hydraulic oil under extreme temperatures, as well as the aging and failure of electronic components or circuit malfunctions of the positioner. It ensures the sensitivity and accuracy of the pneumatic control valve, further improves the accuracy of adaptive flow channel adjustment, significantly expands the applicable scenarios of the pneumatic control valve, and effectively improves the reliability and lifespan of the pneumatic control valve. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive flow channel mechanism in a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure provided by the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism in a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure in partial cross-section; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of the central insulation box section.

[0018] In the diagram: 1 Valve body assembly, 2 Positioner assembly, 3 Actuator assembly, 4 Air source treatment assembly, 5 Large diameter outlet pipe, 6 Adaptive flow channel mechanism, 61 First thick rubber layer, 62 Second thick rubber layer, 63 Connecting thin cylinder, 64 Isolation rubber ring, 7 Control mechanism, 71 Storage cylinder, 72 Rubber piston, 73 Moving rod, 74 Heat-conducting hose, 75 Hydraulic oil layer, 8 Temperature control mechanism, 81 Metal mesh plate, 82 Electric heating tube, 83 Heat-conducting metal plate, 84 Semiconductor cooler, 9 Air guiding mechanism, 91 T-pipe, 92 Second temperature sensor, 93 Dustproof net, 94 Heat insulation pipe, 95 Outer sleeve, 96 Exhaust oblique hole, 10 Connecting flange, 11 Connecting rod, 12 Limiting ring, 13 Connecting rod, 14 Heat insulation box, 15 T-shaped plate, 16 PLC controller, 17 First temperature sensor, 18 Miniature air pump, 19 Delivery pipe, 20 Bend, 21 Rubber nut, 22 Sponge filter cover. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figures 1-3As shown, a high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure includes a valve body assembly 1, a positioner assembly 2, an actuator assembly 3, and an air source treatment assembly 4. A large-diameter outlet pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the valve body assembly 1. A connecting flange 10 is fixedly connected to both the outlet end of the large-diameter outlet pipe 5 and the inlet end of the valve body assembly 1. An adaptive flow channel mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large-diameter outlet pipe 5. The adaptive flow channel mechanism 6 includes a first thick rubber layer 61 and a second thick rubber layer 62 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large-diameter outlet pipe 5. Both the first thick rubber layer 61 and the second thick rubber layer 62 have a uniform wall thickness design to ensure consistent expansion and contraction, preventing localized bulging. In this case, both the first thick rubber layer 61 and the second thick rubber layer 62 are made of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber, which has the characteristics of resistance to media corrosion, temperature resistance, wear resistance and long service life. The first thick rubber layer 61 is located inside the second thick rubber layer 62. The outer wall of the first thick rubber layer 61 is provided with a through hole, and a connecting thin cylinder 63 is fixedly connected to the wall of the through hole. The outer wall of the large diameter outlet pipe 5 is provided with a round hole that matches the connecting thin cylinder 63. An isolation rubber ring 64 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting thin cylinder 63. The outer wall of the isolation rubber ring 64 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large diameter outlet pipe 5. The first thick rubber layer 61, the isolation rubber ring 64 and the inner wall of the large diameter outlet pipe 5 together form a sealed air buffer cavity.

[0022] In the actuator assembly 3, a limiting ring 12 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the bracket. A connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limiting ring 12. The side end of the connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the rod wall of the moving rod 73. The combination of the limiting ring 12 and the connecting rod 13 can improve the verticality and stability of the moving rod 73 in lifting and lowering.

[0023] A connecting rod 11 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protrusion of the push rod in the actuator assembly 3. A control mechanism 7 for adjusting the adaptive flow channel mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the support of the actuator assembly 3. The control mechanism 7 includes a storage cylinder 71 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the support of the actuator assembly 3. A rubber piston 72 is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the storage cylinder 71. A moving rod 73 is fixedly connected to the top end of the rubber piston 72. The top end of the moving rod 73 passes through the through hole at the top of the storage cylinder 71 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod 11. A heat-conducting hose 74 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the storage cylinder 71. The bottom end of the heat-conducting hose 74 is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting thin cylinder 63. The inner cavity of the bottom end of the storage cylinder 71, the inner cavity of the heat-conducting hose 74, the inner cavity of the connecting thin cylinder 63, and the inner cavity of the second thick rubber layer 62 together form an adaptive flow channel adjustment cavity, and the interior of the adaptive flow channel adjustment cavity is filled with a hydraulic oil layer 75.

[0024] The working principle of this embodiment is described as follows: When this device is installed, the large diameter outlet pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the valve body assembly 1 and the downstream pipeline through the connecting flange 10 respectively. The valve body assembly 1 is also fixedly connected to the upstream pipeline through another connecting flange 10. When the pneumatic control valve is working normally, the positioner assembly 2 receives the control signal and adjusts the air pressure input to the actuator assembly 3, pushing the valve core to move up and down to change the flow area and realize the basic adjustment of the medium parameters. At the same time, the push rod of the actuator assembly 3 drives the moving rod 73 to move up and down synchronously through the connecting rod 11, driving the rubber piston 72 to slide in the storage cylinder 71, changing the volume of the hydraulic oil layer 75 in the adaptive flow channel adjustment chamber composed of the storage cylinder 71, the heat-conducting hose 74, the connecting thin cylinder 63, and the second thick rubber layer 62, and driving the second thick rubber layer 62 to expand and contract synchronously, realizing the passive adaptive linkage between the outlet flow channel diameter and the valve opening. That is, the smaller the valve opening, the smaller the outlet diameter; the larger the valve opening, the larger the outlet diameter, forming a positive correlation and matching between the opening and the diameter.

[0025] When the pneumatic control valve is started, the valve core moves upward to open. The push rod of the actuator assembly 3 drives the moving rod 73 to move upward, which drives the rubber piston 72 to move upward to draw hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil layer 75. This causes the second thick rubber layer 62 to gradually shrink from its maximum bulge, increasing the fluid passage diameter inside the large diameter outlet pipe 5. The volume of the sealed air buffer cavity formed by the first thick rubber layer 61 remains basically unchanged. When the high-speed fluid passing through the valve core enters the large-diameter outlet pipe 5, the high-speed fluid first impacts the second thick rubber layer 62. The second thick rubber layer 62 transmits the impact force to the air buffer cavity at the first thick rubber layer 61. The compressibility of air absorbs most of the impact energy, thereby effectively suppressing the impact of the high-speed fluid. This solves the problems of severe vibration, high noise, flange loosening, and seal failure caused by the water hammer effect at the moment of opening of the pneumatic control valve. It ensures the sealing performance of the connection between the pneumatic control valve and the pipeline, while reducing the damage of the impact to the internal components of the valve body assembly 1, effectively improving the reliability and lifespan of the pneumatic control valve.

[0026] When the valve body assembly 1 is in a small opening condition, the valve core moves upward by a small amount, and the push rod of the actuator assembly 3 drives the moving rod 73 to rise by a small amount. At this time, the amount of hydraulic oil remaining inside the second thick rubber layer 62 is large, which makes the shrinkage of the second thick rubber layer 62 also small. This ensures that the large diameter outlet pipe 5 can maintain a small outlet diameter. By forming a flow back pressure downstream of the main throttling of the valve core in the valve body assembly 1, the throttling pressure drop at the valve core and valve seat in the valve body assembly 1 is distributed. This avoids cavitation, flashing, honeycomb erosion of the outlet inner wall, and reverse damage to the valve core and valve seat sealing surfaces caused by excessively low static pressure of the fluid in the main throttling area of ​​the valve core under small opening conditions. This significantly reduces the occurrence rate of cavitation and effectively extends the life of the internal components of the valve body assembly 1.

[0027] The specific mechanism for suppressing cavitation is as follows: Cavitation in pneumatic control valves mainly occurs in the main throttling area formed by the valve core and valve seat in valve body assembly 1. At small openings, the main throttling area decreases sharply, the fluid velocity increases rapidly, and the static pressure drops significantly. When the static pressure is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the medium, the liquid vaporizes to form bubbles. The bubbles flow with the fluid to the downstream high-pressure area and collapse, generating high-speed micro-jet impacts the valve core sealing surface and the inner wall of the valve body. This is also the core reason why traditional fixed flow channel valves suffer severe cavitation damage at small openings.

[0028] This pneumatic control valve employs an adaptively adjustable diameter reduction structure, consisting of a second thick rubber layer 62, within the large-diameter outlet pipe 5. At small openings, the hydraulic oil layer 75 maintains the bulging state of the second thick rubber layer 62, keeping the outlet diameter small. This creates additional flow resistance in the valve cavity downstream of the main throttling region and at the inlet region of the large-diameter outlet pipe 5, actively increasing the static pressure downstream of the main throttling region. This ensures that the medium pressure after throttling by the valve core is always higher than its saturated vapor pressure, fundamentally preventing the generation of bubbles. Simultaneously, the total pressure drop in the pipeline is shared by the main throttling of the valve core and the outlet diameter reduction, with the pressure drop of each stage controlled within the critical pressure drop for medium vaporization, thoroughly suppressing cavitation and flashing.

[0029] Special note needs to be made regarding the velocity change at the outlet narrowing: Although the reduced diameter leads to a local increase in velocity and a decrease in static pressure at the narrowing, the overall back pressure downstream of the main throttling has been raised, so the static pressure at the narrowing is still higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the medium and will not produce new cavitation. Furthermore, the inner wall of the narrowing area is made of erosion-resistant hydrogenated nitrile rubber, which has sufficient erosion resistance even in the presence of high-speed fluid scouring and will not cause the honeycomb erosion problem of the inner wall of traditional metal valve bodies.

[0030] When the valve is in a large opening condition, the valve core moves upward more, and the push rod of the actuator assembly 3 drives the moving rod 73 to move upward, causing the hydraulic oil layer 75 to flow back to the storage cylinder 71. The second thick rubber layer 62 completely retracts under the pressure of the medium, expanding the outlet diameter of the large diameter outlet pipe 5, so that the flow channel maintains a smooth transition. This solves the problems of excessive pressure loss, energy waste, and valve stem vibration and reduced positioning accuracy caused by large resistance in the fixed flow channel. It not only reduces the pressure loss of the pneumatic control valve and reduces the energy consumption and operating cost of the fluid delivery system, but also significantly improves the reliability and service life of the pneumatic control valve.

[0031] This embodiment achieves full-condition adaptive adjustment of the outlet flow channel through pure mechanical linkage, without the need for external power supply and sensors. The structure is simple and reliable, effectively solving the core defects of traditional fixed flow channel valves in terms of impact, cavitation, and energy consumption, improving the protection capability of pneumatic control valves, and significantly improving the reliability and adaptability of pneumatic control valves in use.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, such as... Figures 2-6 As shown, a heat insulation box 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the control box of the positioner assembly 2. A T-shaped plate 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat insulation box 14. A PLC controller 16 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the T-shaped plate 15. A through hole is opened at the top of the heat insulation box 14, and a first temperature sensor 17 is fixedly connected to the wall of the through hole. A micro air pump 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat insulation box 14. The output end of the micro air pump 18 is fixedly connected to a delivery pipe 19. The outlet end of the delivery pipe 19 passes through the vertical part of the T-shaped plate 15. The air inlet end of the micro air pump 18 is fixedly connected to a bend pipe 20. The air inlet end of the bend pipe 20 passes through the outer wall of the heat insulation box 14 and has a connecting thread. A rubber nut 21 is threaded onto the air inlet end of the bend pipe 20. A sponge filter cover 22 is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the rubber nut 21. The sponge filter cover 22 can be quickly disassembled and replaced by rotating the rubber nut 21 for easy maintenance.

[0034] A temperature regulating mechanism 8 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical part of the T-shaped plate 15. The temperature regulating mechanism 8 includes multiple metal mesh plates 81 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical part of the T-shaped plate 15. A circular hole is opened in the horizontal part of the T-shaped plate 15, and an electric heating tube 82 is fixedly connected to the wall of the circular hole. The heating end of the electric heating tube 82 passes through multiple metal mesh plates 81. A rectangular through hole is opened in the outer wall of the heat insulation box 14, and a heat-conducting metal plate 83 is fixedly connected to the wall of the rectangular through hole. The outer wall of the heat-conducting metal plate 83 is fixedly connected to the side wall of multiple metal mesh plates 81. Two symmetrically distributed semiconductor coolers 84 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat-conducting metal plate 83.

[0035] The bottom end of the heat insulation box 14 is fixedly connected to a venting mechanism 9. The venting mechanism 9 includes a three-way pipe 91 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the heat insulation box 14. The horizontal part of the three-way pipe 91 has an installation hole, and the wall of the installation hole is fixedly connected to a second temperature sensor 92. The bottom end of the three-way pipe 91 is fixedly connected to the top end of the control box in the positioner assembly 2. The outer wall of the control box of the positioner assembly 2 has an exhaust hole, and the wall of the exhaust hole is fixedly connected to a dustproof net 93. The top end of the three-way pipe 91 is fixedly connected to a heat insulation pipe 94. The exhaust end of the heat insulation pipe 94 is fixedly sleeved with an outer sleeve 95. The heat-conducting hose 74 is located inside the outer sleeve 95. The top end of the outer sleeve 95 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the storage cylinder 71. The bottom end of the outer sleeve 95 is fixedly connected to the wall of the large-diameter outlet pipe 5. The bottom outer wall of the outer sleeve 95 has multiple venting oblique holes 96.

[0036] The electric heating element 82, the micro air pump 18, and the semiconductor cooler 84 are electrically connected to the output terminal of the PLC controller 16 via wires. The second temperature sensor 92 and the first temperature sensor 17 are electrically connected to the input terminal of the PLC controller 16 via wires. The above electrical components and electrical connections are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] The working principle of this embodiment is described as follows: The basic flow channel adaptive adjustment working principle of this embodiment is exactly the same as that of embodiment 1. The following only describes the newly added temperature adaptive control working principle. First, the heat insulation box 14 is fixed on the top of the control box of the positioner assembly 2. The two ends of the outer tube 95 are respectively sealed and connected to the lower surface of the storage cylinder 71 and the wall of the large diameter outlet pipe 5. The heat conduction hose 74 is inserted inside the outer tube 95. The sponge filter cover 22 is threaded to the air inlet end of the bend 20 through the rubber nut 21, thus completing the assembly of the temperature control system. When the device is working in an extreme temperature environment, the first temperature sensor 17 collects the ambient temperature signal in real time and transmits it to the PLC controller 16. The PLC controller 16 compares the collected ambient temperature with the preset working temperature range (such as 15℃ to 35℃). When the ambient temperature is lower than the preset lower limit, the PLC controller 16 starts the electric heating tube 82. The electric heating tube 82 dissipates heat evenly through the metal mesh plate 81, heating the air passing through the heat insulation box 14. When the ambient temperature is higher than the preset upper limit, the PLC controller 16 starts the semiconductor cooler 84. The semiconductor cooler 84 absorbs the heat inside the heat insulation box 14 through the heat-conducting metal plate 83 and the metal mesh plate 81, thereby cooling the air passing through the heat insulation box 14.

[0038] Simultaneously, the PLC controller 16 starts the micro air pump 18. Outside air is filtered through the sponge filter cover 22 and enters the heat insulation box 14 through the bend 20. After temperature adjustment, the air enters the three-way pipe 91 through the delivery pipe 19. The second temperature sensor 92 collects the air temperature in the three-way pipe 91 in real time and feeds it back to the PLC controller 16 to form a closed-loop control. If the temperature does not meet the preset temperature, the power of the electric heating tube 82 or the working current of the semiconductor cooler 84 is dynamically adjusted. At the same time, the air suction flow rate of the micro air pump 18 is adjusted. By changing the air intake, the air temperature is assisted in regulating the air temperature to ensure that the air temperature output by the heat insulation box 14 is stable within the preset working temperature range.

[0039] After temperature regulation, part of the air enters the control box of the positioner assembly 2 through the bottom outlet of the three-way pipe 91 to provide constant temperature protection for the electronic components of the positioner, preventing component aging and failure due to high temperature or circuit failure due to low temperature, and ensuring the control accuracy and stability of the positioner; the other part enters the outer sleeve 95 through the heat insulation pipe 94, flows along the outer wall of the heat-conducting hose 74, and regulates the temperature of the hydraulic oil layer 75 in the heat-conducting hose 74, ensuring that the hydraulic oil layer 75 will not undergo abnormal volume changes due to thermal expansion and contraction, avoiding interference with the accuracy of the adaptive adjustment of the flow channel, and finally is discharged from the exhaust oblique hole 96 at the bottom of the outer sleeve 95.

[0040] This embodiment ensures that the viscosity and temperature of the hydraulic oil layer 75 remain within a stable range, preventing abnormal viscosity and volume of the hydraulic oil due to temperature changes from affecting the accuracy of adaptive flow channel control. At the same time, the temperature-controlled air can also improve the smooth operation of the internal electrical components of the positioner assembly 2, ensuring the sensitivity and accuracy of the pneumatic control valve, further improving the accuracy of adaptive flow channel adjustment, significantly expanding the applicable scenarios of the pneumatic control valve, and effectively improving the reliability and lifespan of the pneumatic control valve.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure, comprising a valve body assembly (1), a positioner assembly (2), an actuator assembly (3), and an air source processing assembly (4), characterized in that, The outlet end of the valve body assembly (1) is fixedly connected to a large-diameter outlet pipe (5), and the outlet end of the large-diameter outlet pipe (5) and the inlet end of the valve body assembly (1) are both fixedly connected to a connecting flange (10). The inner wall of the large-diameter outlet pipe (5) is fixedly connected to an adaptive flow channel mechanism (6). A connecting rod (11) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protrusion of the push rod in the actuator assembly (3), and a control mechanism (7) for adjusting the adaptive flow channel mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the support of the actuator assembly (3). The adaptive flow channel mechanism (6) includes a first rubber layer (61) and a second rubber layer (62) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large diameter outlet pipe (5). The first rubber layer (61) is located inside the second rubber layer (62). The outer wall of the first rubber layer (61) is provided with a through hole, and a connecting thin cylinder (63) is fixedly connected to the hole wall. The outer wall of the large diameter outlet pipe (5) is provided with a round hole that matches the connecting thin cylinder (63). An isolation rubber ring (64) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting thin cylinder (63). The outer wall of the isolation rubber ring (64) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large diameter outlet pipe (5). The control mechanism (7) includes a storage cylinder (71) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the support of the actuator assembly (3). A rubber piston (72) is slidably and sealed to the inner wall of the storage cylinder (71). A moving rod (73) is fixedly connected to the top end of the rubber piston (72). The top end of the moving rod (73) passes through the through hole at the top of the storage cylinder (71) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod (11). A heat-conducting hose (74) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the storage cylinder (71). The bottom end of the heat-conducting hose (74) is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting thin cylinder (63). The inner cavity at the bottom end of the storage cylinder (71), the inner cavity of the heat-conducting hose (74), the inner cavity of the connecting thin cylinder (63), and the inner cavity of the second rubber layer (62) together form an adaptive flow channel adjustment cavity. The interior of the adaptive flow channel adjustment cavity is filled with a hydraulic oil layer (75). The top of the control box of the positioner assembly (2) is fixedly connected to a heat insulation box (14). A T-shaped plate (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat insulation box (14). A PLC controller (16) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the T-shaped plate (15). A through hole is opened at the top of the heat insulation box (14), and a first temperature sensor (17) is fixedly connected to the wall of the through hole. A miniature air pump (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat insulation box (14). The output end of the micro air pump (18) is fixedly connected to a conveying pipe (19), the outlet end of the conveying pipe (19) passes through the vertical part of the T-shaped plate (15), the air inlet end of the micro air pump (18) is fixedly connected to a bend pipe (20), the air inlet end of the bend pipe (20) passes through the outer wall of the heat insulation box (14) and is provided with a connecting thread, the outer wall of the vertical part of the T-shaped plate (15) is fixedly connected to a temperature regulating mechanism (8), and the bottom end of the heat insulation box (14) is fixedly connected to a guiding air mechanism (9).

2. The high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the actuator assembly (3), the outer wall of the bracket is slidably fitted with a limiting ring (12), and the outer wall of the limiting ring (12) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod (13). The side end of the connecting rod (13) is fixedly connected to the rod wall of the moving rod (73).

3. A high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control mechanism (8) includes multiple metal mesh plates (81) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical part of the T-shaped plate (15). The horizontal part of the T-shaped plate (15) has a circular hole, and an electric heating tube (82) is fixedly connected to the hole wall. The heating end of the electric heating tube (82) passes through multiple metal mesh plates (81). The outer wall of the heat insulation box (14) has a rectangular through hole, and a heat-conducting metal plate (83) is fixedly connected to the hole wall. The outer wall of the heat-conducting metal plate (83) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the multiple metal mesh plates (81). Two symmetrically distributed semiconductor coolers (84) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat-conducting metal plate (83).

4. A high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air guiding mechanism (9) includes a three-way pipe (91) fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat insulation box (14). The horizontal part of the three-way pipe (91) has an installation hole, and a second temperature sensor (92) is fixedly connected to the wall of the installation hole. The bottom air outlet of the three-way pipe (91) is fixedly connected to the top of the control box in the positioner assembly (2). The outer wall of the control box of the positioner assembly (2) has an exhaust hole, and a dustproof net (93) is fixedly connected to the wall of the exhaust hole. The top end of the through pipe (91) is fixedly connected to the heat insulation pipe (94), and the top end of the heat insulation pipe (94) is fixedly sleeved with the outer sleeve (95). The heat-conducting hose (74) is located inside the outer sleeve (95). The top end of the outer sleeve (95) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the storage cylinder (71), and the bottom end of the outer sleeve (95) is fixedly connected to the wall of the large diameter outlet pipe (5). Multiple exhaust oblique holes (96) are opened on the outer wall of the bottom end of the outer sleeve (95).

5. A high-performance pneumatic control valve with an adaptive flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet end of the bend (20) is threaded with a rubber nut (21), and a sponge filter cover (22) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rubber nut (21).

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