Low-noise heat dissipation type oil-immersed transformer structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of oil-immersed transformer technology, specifically a low-noise, heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure, including a transformer assembly and a transformer body disposed inside the transformer assembly. Spacers are provided on the outer sides of the top and bottom ends of the transformer body, and a vibration damping component is provided on the outer side of each spacer. An oil supply component is provided on the top of the transformer assembly, and a flow guide is closed and connected to the outer side of the transformer body. A micro-hole is opened on one side of the flow guide. The vibration damping component includes an elastic element one disposed on the top and bottom of the transformer body. A support is fixed to the bottom of the elastic element one, and elastic elements two are disposed on both sides of the support. The elastic element one absorbs the vertical vibration of the transformer body, and the elastic element two absorbs the horizontal vibration of the transformer body. The spacers are used to absorb the magnetostrictive vibration of the transformer body itself. Through the synergistic effect of the spacers, elastic element one, and elastic element two, the basic vibration generated during transformer operation is reduced, thus reducing noise from the sound source. The remaining low-frequency noise is absorbed again through the resonant cavity formed by the micro-holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil-immersed transformer technology, specifically to a low-noise, heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure. Background Technology

[0002] The core structure of an oil-immersed transformer includes the transformer body, tank, cooling system, protection devices, and wiring devices. These components work together to achieve power conversion and safe operation. The transformer body consists of an iron core and windings. The iron core is made of stacked silicon steel sheets to form a magnetic circuit, while the windings are made of insulated copper or aluminum wire, and are divided into high-voltage and low-voltage windings. Voltage conversion is achieved through electromagnetic induction. Its insulation structure includes main insulation (between windings and between windings and ground) and longitudinal insulation (inside the windings). The tank, as the outer shell, is filled with transformer oil and serves both insulation and heat dissipation functions. The oil quality needs to be tested regularly to prevent aging. An oil conservator (oil pillow) is installed on the top of the tank to regulate oil volume changes and is equipped with an oil level gauge to monitor the oil level. A breather absorbs moisture from the air to keep the oil dry. The cooling system includes a radiator or cooler, which dissipates heat generated by iron losses and copper losses through oil immersion self-cooling, air cooling, or forced oil circulation, ensuring the temperature remains within a safe range. In the protection device, a gas relay monitors the gas generated by an internal fault and triggers an alarm; a pressure relief valve releases pressure when the tank pressure exceeds the limit; and an explosion-proof pipe (safety vent) prevents the tank from rupturing. The wiring device mainly refers to high- and low-voltage insulating bushings, which allow the winding leads to safely pass through the tank and connect to the external circuit. In addition, a tap changer adjusts the winding turns ratio to achieve voltage regulation, a thermometer monitors the oil temperature, and an oil purifier maintains oil cleanliness.

[0003] Existing noise reduction technologies for oil-immersed transformers mainly rely on end-point measures such as external soundproof enclosures. These methods cannot fundamentally reduce noise from the source and propagation path. Although soundproof enclosures can partially block airborne noise, they have limited effect on low-frequency magnetostrictive noise from the iron core and cannot suppress solid-borne sound at all, making it difficult to eliminate structural noise. From the perspective of noise source control, using high-permeability silicon steel sheets can reduce magnetostriction and noise, but it significantly increases material costs. Controlling leakage magnetic vibration caused by load current is highly dependent on design experience and lacks universal solutions. In terms of blocking the propagation path, elastic elements between the tank and the transformer body can weaken vibration transmission, but the installation accuracy requirements are stringent and adjustments are difficult. More importantly, soundproof enclosures are completely ineffective against structural noise transmitted through the foundation and cable supports.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a low-noise heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer that can suppress noise generation at the sound source and effectively absorb noise during propagation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem that existing technologies for noise reduction in oil-immersed transformers generally rely on external soundproof covers, which cannot reduce noise at its source or along its transmission path, a low-noise, heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure has been designed.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a low-noise heat dissipation type oil-immersed transformer structure, including a transformer assembly and a transformer body disposed inside the transformer assembly. Spacing pads are provided on the outer sides of both the top and bottom ends of the transformer body. A vibration damping component is provided on the outer side of each spacing pad. An oil supply component is provided on the top of the transformer assembly, and a flow guide is provided on the outer side of the transformer body. A micro-hole is opened on one side of the flow guide. The flow guide, through its own spiral structure, cooperates with the oil expansion caused by the temperature rise during transformer body operation to guide the oil input from the top oil supply component spirally along the axial direction of the transformer body. The flow extends the residence time of the oil in the high-temperature area; each vibration damping component includes an elastic element 1 connected to the diaphragm. The end of the elastic element 1 away from the diaphragm is fixed with a support, and elastic elements 2 are provided on both sides of the support. The elastic element 1 absorbs the vertical vibration of the transformer body, and the elastic element 2 absorbs the horizontal vibration of the transformer body. The diaphragm is used to absorb the magnetostrictive vibration of the transformer body itself. Through the synergistic effect of the diaphragm, elastic element 1 and elastic element 2, the basic vibration generated during the operation of the transformer is reduced, and the noise is reduced from the sound source. The remaining low-frequency noise is absorbed again through the resonant cavity formed by the micropores.

[0007] Furthermore, two spacers are respectively fitted onto the outer sides of the top and bottom ends of the vessel body, and L-shaped plates are fixed on both sides of the two spacers. Elastic elements are respectively fixed on the side of the four L-shaped plates away from the vessel body. Limiting plates are fixed on the inner side of the support. The L-shaped plates are slidably engaged with the limiting plates. The limiting plates and the support work together to limit the vertical amplitude of the L-shaped plates.

[0008] Furthermore, each support has a connecting plate fixed on both sides, and a sliding rod slidably connected to the inner side of each support. The second elastic element is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate near the support, and the other end of each second elastic element is fixed with a side shell. Both ends of the sliding rod on the inner side of the same support are fixedly connected to the side shells on both sides. The side shells on both sides of the same support limit the horizontal amplitude of the support.

[0009] Furthermore, a bottom plate is fixed to the bottom of the side shell at the bottom of the vessel body, and a top plate is fixed to the top of the side shell at the top of the vessel body. An oil drain hole is opened through the top of the bottom plate.

[0010] Furthermore, an outer shell is fixed to one side of the top plate and the bottom plate, and the flow guide is fixed inside the outer shell. The top plate, bottom plate and outer shell enclose the device body, vibration damping components and flow guide inside.

[0011] Furthermore, the transformer assembly includes a top cover, a chassis, an oil return box, and an oil outlet valve. The chassis is fixed to the outside of the top cover, the oil return box is fixed to the outside of the base plate, the bottom inner side of the chassis and the top outer side of the oil return box are fixedly connected, and the top cover is detachably connected to the top of the chassis.

[0012] Furthermore, the oil supply component includes an oil tank, which is fixed to the top of the top cover. The output end of the oil tank is connected to a booster pump through a pipeline. The output end of the booster pump is fixed with an oil inlet pipe. An oil outlet is opened at the bottom end of the oil inlet pipe, and the direction of the oil outlet is consistent with the tangential direction of the guide section at its location.

[0013] Furthermore, a cooling component is provided inside the oil return box. The cooling component includes a hollow plate, which is fixed inside the oil return box. A flow distribution chamber is fixed on one side of the oil return box. A fan is fixed through the flow distribution chamber on the side away from the oil return box. The flow distribution chamber can distribute the outside air drawn by the fan to each hollow plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the opening direction of the micropores faces the iron core and the oil inlet direction, and the axis of the micropores is inclined to guide the direction of oil flow in the flow guide section. The micropore diameter is less than one millimeter. The high-temperature zone adopts a large tilt angle of 30 to 45 degrees to enhance heat exchange, and a small tilt angle of 5 to 10 degrees to balance the flow resistance.

[0015] Furthermore, the helix angle of the guide section is set to 18 to 20 degrees, the distance between the oil inlet at the top of the guide section and the vessel body is greater than 50 mm, and the distance between the guide section and the vessel body gradually decreases axially from greater than 50 mm at the top oil inlet to 30 mm at the bottom oil outlet, balancing the inlet safety distance and the outlet flow intensity.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The low-noise heat dissipation oil-immersed transformer structure described in this invention adopts a damping part and micropores. The diaphragm directly absorbs the high-frequency micro-vibration of the iron core magnetostriction. The elastic element one suppresses vertical vibration through the sliding snap-fit ​​structure of the L-shaped plate and the limiting plate. The elastic element two cooperates with the slide rod-side shell to constrain horizontal vibration. The three form a mechanical vibration damping core layer to reduce noise generation from the sound source. The micropore array on the surface of the flow guide forms a gradient resonance cavity to acoustically absorb the remaining low-frequency noise transmitted by the oil. Its small tilt angle design balances the flow resistance and sound wave refraction efficiency to achieve secondary noise reduction along the propagation path. The vibration damping and noise reduction system of the technical solution cuts off the noise propagation path from the sound source, replacing the traditional passive sound insulation symptomatic noise reduction method, and achieving source control of transformer noise. An additional soundproof cover is required to reduce the equipment's footprint and civil construction costs.

[0017] (2) The low-noise heat dissipation type oil-immersed transformer structure described in this invention adopts a spiral flow guide and micro-hole enhanced heat exchange structure to solve the oil flow dead zone problem that is common in traditional oil-immersed transformers, greatly improve heat dissipation efficiency and ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment. The oil outlet direction of the tangential oil inlet is consistent with the tangential direction of the guide section, which reduces the local flow resistance when the oil enters the guide section, avoids the formation of the oil flow dead zone, guides the oil to form a continuous spiral flow path along the winding axis, prolongs the residence time of the oil in the high-temperature area, and allows the heat generated by the transformer body to be fully absorbed by the oil. The micro-holes enhance the local turbulence intensity of the oil, destroy the laminar thermal boundary layer on the winding surface, and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The high-temperature area adopts a large-angle micro-hole to enhance the heat exchange effect, while other areas adopt a small-angle micro-hole to balance the oil flow resistance, taking into account both heat dissipation performance and oil flow stability.

[0018] (3) The low-noise heat dissipation type oil-immersed transformer structure of the present invention, when the oil temperature rises, the oil expands and accelerates through the micropores of the gradient section to form a high-speed local jet. The high shear force generated by this jet directly destroys the laminar thermal boundary layer on the winding surface, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency. At the same time, it enhances the turbulence intensity to shorten the residence time of the oil in the high-temperature zone and avoid local overheating. The differentiated design of the micropore inclination angle further coordinates the thermal expansion characteristics of the oil, accelerates the oil flow in the expansion stage, and maintains the flow stability in the contraction stage, thereby achieving dynamic thermal regulation. The tangential cooperation between the spiral guide plate and the micropores gives the oil a tangential velocity component, forming a stable spiral flow. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the base plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the outer shell of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the oil return box of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device body of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flow guide section of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of point B; Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the flow guide section of the present invention; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point C; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vibration damping component of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vibration damping component of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vibration damping component of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cooling component of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 11. Chassis; 12. Top cover; 13. Oil return box; 14. Oil outlet valve; 2. Body; 3. Flow guide; 31. Outer shell; 32. Top plate; 33. Bottom plate; 331. Oil drain hole; 4. Micropore; 5. Spacing pad; 6. L-shaped plate; 7. Vibration damping assembly; 71. Support; 72. Elastic component one; 73. Side shell; 74. Elastic component two; 75. Connecting plate; 76. Limiting plate; 77. Slide rod; 8. Oil supply component; 81. Oil tank; 82. Booster pump; 83. Oil inlet pipe; 84. Oil outlet; 9. Cooling component; 91. Hollow plate; 92. Flow divider; 93. Fan. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, technical features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] Example: Figures 1-16 As shown, the present invention discloses a low-noise heat dissipation type oil-immersed transformer structure, including a transformer assembly and a transformer body 2 disposed inside the transformer assembly. The transformer assembly includes a top cover 12, a chassis 11, an oil return box 13, and an oil outlet valve 14. The chassis 11 is fixed to the outside of the top cover 12, the oil return box 13 is fixed to the outside of the base plate 33, the bottom inner side of the chassis 11 and the top outer side of the oil return box 13 are fixedly connected, and the top cover 12 is detachably connected to the top of the chassis 11.

[0024] In this embodiment, the transformer body 2 in the oil-immersed transformer is a combination of the core and windings, and is the core component inside the transformer. The core is made of stacked silicon steel sheets, forming the magnetic circuit channel of the transformer and responsible for conducting the magnetic field. To reduce eddy current losses, the surface of the silicon steel sheets is coated with insulating varnish or oxide film. The windings are made of insulated copper or aluminum wire and are divided into high-voltage windings and low-voltage windings, which are together on the core column. Oil channels are left between the windings for the circulation and heat dissipation of insulating oil. The transformer body 2 is the core of electromagnetic energy conversion: the core establishes the magnetic field, and the windings realize voltage transformation through electromagnetic induction. During operation, it is immersed in transformer oil, which serves as both an insulating medium and carries away the heat from the core and windings through circulation. The transformer body 2 usually also includes auxiliary structures such as insulating paper tubes, support bars, and pads to ensure the fixation and insulation of the windings and the core. When installed in the oil tank 81, the transformer body 2 is fixed by clamps and bolts to avoid operational vibration.

[0025] Specifically, the flow guide 3, through its own spiral structure, cooperates with the oil expansion caused by the temperature rise during the operation of the transformer body 2 to guide the oil input from the top oil supply component 8 to flow spirally along the axial direction of the transformer body 2, thus prolonging the residence time of the oil in the high-temperature region; each vibration damping component 7 includes an elastic element 1 72 connected to the diaphragm 5, with a support 71 fixed at the end of the elastic element 1 72 away from the diaphragm 5, and elastic elements 2 74 provided on both sides of the support 71. The elastic element 1 72 absorbs the vertical vibration of the transformer body 2, and the elastic element 2 74 absorbs the horizontal vibration of the transformer body 2. The diaphragm 5 is used to absorb the magnetostrictive vibration of the transformer body 2 itself. Through the synergistic effect of the diaphragm 5, the elastic element 1 72 and the elastic element 2 74, the basic vibration generated during the operation of the transformer is reduced, and the noise is reduced from the sound source. The remaining low-frequency noise is absorbed again through the resonant cavity formed by the micropores 4.

[0026] In this embodiment, during normal operation of the transformer, various forms of mechanical vibration will be generated inside the transformer body 2 due to the alternating magnetic field and current. These vibrations will then radiate significant noise. Specifically, the transformer body 2 will be excited by the magnetostriction of the iron core and the electromagnetic force of the winding, exhibiting vibration components in both vertical and horizontal directions. The vertical vibration is transmitted to the first elastic element 72 through a specially designed L-shaped connecting plate 75. The first elastic element 72 is configured as a combination of high-damping composite material and spring or other devices that can effectively absorb and dissipate vertical vibration energy. At the same time, the horizontal vibration is transmitted to the second elastic element 74 through the same L-shaped plate 6, the limiting structure plate, and the connecting plates 75 set on both sides of the support 71. The second elastic element 74 is configured as a combination of high-damping composite material and spring or other devices that can effectively absorb and dissipate horizontal vibration energy, thereby achieving effective suppression of horizontal vibration. In addition, the transformer body 2 will also experience high-frequency micro-vibrations due to the magnetic properties of silicon steel sheets caused by magnetostriction. These vibrations are absorbed and treated separately by the diaphragm 5. The diaphragm 5 is set as a high-damping rubber pad or other device that can absorb high-frequency vibrations. Through the reasonable arrangement and coordinated work of the diaphragm 5, elastic element 1 72 and elastic element 2 74 in the structure, a multi-level vibration reduction system is formed, which significantly weakens the structural vibration transmitted from the transformer body to the installation foundation, thereby controlling the noise from the source and effectively reducing the overall noise level of the transformer. Specifically, the top and bottom outer sides of the transformer body 2 are provided with septa 5, and each septa 5 is provided with a vibration damping component 7. The top of the transformer assembly is provided with an oil supply component 8. The outer side of the transformer body 2 is closed and connected with a flow guide 3, and a micro-hole 4 is opened on one side of the flow guide 3. In this embodiment, the generated low-frequency noise is transmitted to the guide plate structure through the oil. When these noise signals pass through the array of micropores 4 on the surface of the guide plate, they enter multiple resonant cavities formed by the micropores 4. These resonant cavities generate corresponding acoustic resonance effects according to their structure and size, thereby effectively absorbing and dissipating noise of specific frequencies. This process significantly enhances the overall noise reduction performance of the system, further attenuating the noise energy and ultimately achieving a lower noise level.

[0027] Specifically, two spacers 5 are respectively fitted onto the outer sides of the top and bottom ends of the body 2. L-shaped plates 6 are fixed on both sides of the two spacers 5. Elastic element 72 is fixed on the side of the four L-shaped plates 6 away from the body 2. Limiting plates 76 are fixed on the inner side of the support 71. The L-shaped plates 6 are slidably engaged with the limiting plates 76. The limiting plates 76 and the support 71 cooperate to limit the vertical amplitude of the L-shaped plates 6.

[0028] In this embodiment, when the transformer is running, the vertical vibration generated by the transformer body 2 is first transmitted to the L-shaped plates 6 on both sides. When the L-shaped plates 6 are displaced in the vertical direction, they slide relative to the limiting plate 76 fixed inside the support 71. Since the limiting plate 76 precisely limits the sliding range of the L-shaped plates 6, the sliding range can be designed according to the actual situation, so that the L-shaped plates 6 can only move within the preset vertical amplitude range, thereby effectively avoiding structural damage to the transformer body 2 caused by excessive vertical vibration. At the same time, the elastic element 72 provides elastic support between the L-shaped plates 6 and the support 71. When the L-shaped plates 6 are subjected to vertical impact force, the elastic element 72 absorbs and disperses this energy through its own elastic deformation, further reducing the impact of vertical vibration on the transformer body 2 and ensuring the stability and reliability of the transformer operation.

[0029] Specifically, each support 71 has a connecting plate 75 fixed on both sides, and a slide rod 77 slidably connected to the inner side of each support 71. An elastic element 74 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate 75 near the support 71, and a side shell 73 is fixed to the other end of each elastic element 74. Both ends of the slide rod 77 on the inner side of the same support 71 are fixedly connected to the side shells 73 on both sides. The side shells 73 on both sides of the same support 71 limit the horizontal amplitude of the support 71.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the transformer is running, the horizontal vibration generated by the transformer body 2 is transmitted to the support 71. The connecting plates 75 fixed on both sides of the support 71 further transmit the horizontal vibration to the elastic element 74. When the elastic element 74 is subjected to a horizontal force, it undergoes elastic deformation, absorbing and dispersing the energy of the horizontal vibration. At the same time, the two ends of the sliding rod 77 on the inner side of the same support 71 are fixedly connected to the side shells 73 on both sides. The side shells 73 restrict the support 71 in the horizontal direction. The sliding range of the support 71 can be designed by the operator according to the actual situation, so that the support 71 can only move within a certain horizontal amplitude range, avoiding structural damage to the transformer body 2 caused by excessive horizontal vibration. Through the combined action of the elastic element 74 and the side shells 73, the impact of horizontal vibration on the transformer body 2 is effectively reduced, ensuring the stability of the transformer in the horizontal direction.

[0031] Specifically, a cooling component 9 is provided on the inner side of the oil return box 13. The cooling component 9 includes a hollow plate 91, which is fixed inside the oil return box 13. A diversion cavity 92 is fixed on one side of the oil return box 13. A fan 93 is fixed on the side of the diversion cavity 92 away from the oil return box 13. The diversion cavity 92 can distribute the outside air drawn by the fan 93 to each hollow plate 91.

[0032] In this embodiment, the operator starts the fan 93, which draws cold air from the outside into the diversion chamber 92. After the pressure inside the diversion chamber 92 increases, the cold air from the outside is injected into the inside of the hollow plate 91. The hollow plate 91 is made of a material with good thermal conductivity. The cold air absorbs the temperature carried by the oil on the outside of the hollow plate 91 and discharges it, thus completing the cooling of the oil.

[0033] Specifically, the oil supply component 8 includes an oil tank 81, which is fixed to the top of the top cover 12. The output end of the oil tank 81 is connected to a booster pump 82 through a pipeline. The output end of the booster pump 82 is fixed with an oil inlet pipe 83. An oil outlet 84 is opened at the bottom end of the oil inlet pipe 83. The direction of the oil outlet 84 is consistent with the tangential direction of the guide section 3 at its location.

[0034] In this embodiment, during the operation of the transformer body 2, the oil is injected into the inner side of the guide section 3 in the tangential direction under the guidance of the oil outlet 84, reducing local flow resistance and avoiding dead zones in the oil flow. Relying on the continuous spiral channel formed by the guide section 3, the transformer oil is forced to flow spirally along the winding axis, prolonging the residence time of the oil in the high-temperature area, so that the heat generated by the transformer body 2 can be fully absorbed by the oil, improving the heat dissipation efficiency. Then, the high-temperature oil is cooled after passing through the return oil box 13 and is discharged by the oil outlet valve 14 and pumped into the oil tank 81 by the oil pump.

[0035] Specifically, a bottom plate 33 is fixed to the bottom of the side shell 73 located at the bottom of the body 2, and a top plate 32 is fixed to the top of the side shell 73 located at the top of the body 2. An oil drain hole 331 is opened through the top of the bottom plate 33. An outer shell 31 is fixed to the side of the top plate 32 and the bottom. The flow guide 3 is fixed inside the outer shell 31. The top plate 32, the bottom plate 33 and the outer shell 31 enclose the body 2, the vibration damping component 7 and the flow guide 3.

[0036] In this embodiment, before using this device, the operator uses an oil pump and pipes to connect the oil outlet valve 14 and the oil return port of the oil tank 81. Oil is injected into the inside of the oil tank 81 through the oil filling hole. Then, the booster pump 82 is started, and the oil enters the oil tank 81 through the oil filling hole. Then, under the action of the booster pump 82, the oil enters the oil inlet pipe 83 from the inside of the oil tank 81, and finally sprays out from the oil outlet 84 into the inside of the outer casing 31. When the oil fills the space formed by the outer casing 31, the top plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 and the inside of the oil return box 13, the oil outlet valve 14 is opened and the oil pump is started at the same time. The oil pump draws the oil from the inside of the oil return box 13 and pumps it into the oil tank 81 to form an oil circulation loop. When the oil level in the oil tank 81 reaches the specified height, the oil injection is stopped and the oil filling hole of the oil tank 81 is closed.

[0037] Specifically, the opening direction of the micro-orifice 4 faces the iron core and the oil inlet direction, and the axis of the micro-orifice 4 is inclined to guide the direction of oil flow of the guide part 3. The cross-section of the micro-orifice 4 is designed to decrease in gradient. The micro-orifice 4 has the largest aperture on the side closer to the body 2. The aperture of the micro-orifice 4 is less than one millimeter. The high temperature zone adopts a large tilt angle of 30 to 45 degrees to enhance heat exchange, and a small tilt angle of 5 to 10 degrees to balance the flow resistance.

[0038] In this embodiment, the micropores 4 have a density of 800 pores per square meter, with the density gradually decreasing from the side closer to the body 2 to the side closer to the outer shell 31. This enhances local turbulence through microjets, offsetting boundary layer thickening. This special design of the micropores 4 allows the oil to flow more smoothly into the micropores 4. At the same time, due to the extremely small aperture of the micropores 4, when low-frequency noise in the oil is transmitted to the micropores 4, a resonant cavity is formed within the micropores 4. The principle of acoustic resonance is used to effectively absorb and attenuate noise of specific frequencies. In high-temperature areas, a large tilt angle design of 30 to 45 degrees is adopted, which can enhance the heat exchange effect between the oil and the wall of the micropores 4, allowing the heat in the oil to dissipate more quickly. In other areas, a small tilt angle design of 5 to 10 degrees is adopted, which can balance the resistance of oil flow and avoid the oil flow being obstructed due to an excessively large tilt angle or the heat exchange efficiency being affected by an excessively small tilt angle. This design method of using different tilt angles according to the characteristics of different areas further improves the heat dissipation performance and noise reduction effect of the transformer.

[0039] Specifically, the spiral angle of the guide section 3 is set to 18 to 20 degrees, the distance between the oil inlet at the top of the guide section 3 and the vessel body 2 is greater than 50 millimeters, and the distance between the guide section 3 and the vessel body 2 gradually decreases axially from the oil inlet at the top to the oil outlet at the bottom, thus balancing the inlet safety distance and the outlet flow intensity.

[0040] In this embodiment, the guide section 3 adopts a spiral angle design of 18 to 20 degrees, which enables the oil to form a stable and efficient spiral flow state when flowing through the guide section 3. The oil inlet at the top of the guide section 3 is kept at a distance of more than 50 mm from the transformer body 2, ensuring that the oil can enter the guide section 3 smoothly and evenly, avoiding the oil impacting the transformer body 2 or generating turbulence due to the small distance, which would affect the normal flow and heat dissipation effect of the oil. At the same time, the distance between the oil outlet at the bottom of the guide section 3 and the transformer body 2 gradually decreases to 30 mm. This gradual reduction design can gradually enhance the flow intensity of the oil at the outlet, so that the oil has a certain flow velocity and pressure when leaving the guide section 3, which is conducive to the oil carrying away heat better in the subsequent circulation process. At the same time, it balances the safe distance at the inlet and the flow intensity at the outlet, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the entire oil circulation system, and further improving the heat dissipation performance and operational reliability of the transformer.

[0041] During equipment operation, as working time continues to increase, the temperature inside the body 2 gradually rises, causing the temperature of the surrounding oil to also rise. Due to the physical effect of thermal expansion and contraction, the volume of the oil expands significantly. At the same time, when the oil flows through the micro-holes 4 with a specially designed trapezoidal structure, it is guided and compressed by the trapezoidal cross-section, and the flow velocity increases significantly. After the oil passes through the micro-holes 4, the oil flow is guided to form a local jet, generating high shear force, which destroys the laminar thermal boundary layer on the winding surface, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency. The increase in turbulence intensity significantly shortens the residence time of the oil in the high-temperature zone, avoiding local overheating. The tangential spiral guide plate combined with the inclined design of the micro-holes 4 imparts a tangential velocity component to the oil flow, assisting the guide part 3 in forming a spiral flow of the oil. The oil forms a more stable and efficient spiral flow state, shortens the residence time of the high-temperature oil, reduces the amplitude of local thermal expansion of the oil, reduces fluid pulsation noise caused by temperature gradient, and at the same time reduces the impact angle between the oil flow and the hole wall, reducing flow resistance. By guiding the oil flow path through the micro-holes 4, the formation of large-scale vortices is suppressed, and pressure pulsation caused by flow separation is avoided, thereby reducing the source of structural resonance noise.

[0042] Working principle: Initial state as follows Figures 1-16 As shown, before using this device, the operator uses an oil pump and pipe to connect the oil outlet valve 14 and the oil return port of the oil tank 81, and injects oil into the inside of the oil tank 81 through the oil filling hole of the oil tank 81. Then, the booster pump 82 is started, and the oil enters the inside of the outer casing 31. When the oil is full, the oil outlet valve 14 is opened and the oil pump is started at the same time. The oil pump draws the oil from the inside of the oil return box 13 and pumps it into the oil tank 81 to form an oil circulation loop. During normal operation of the transformer, various forms of mechanical vibration will occur inside the transformer body 2 due to the alternating magnetic field and current. The transformer body 2 is excited by the magnetostriction of the iron core and the electromagnetic force of the winding, exhibiting vibration components in both vertical and horizontal directions. The vertical vibration is transmitted to the elastic element 1 72 through a specially designed L-shaped connecting plate 75, while the horizontal vibration is transmitted to the elastic element 2 74, thereby effectively suppressing the horizontal vibration. In addition, the high-frequency micro-vibrations of the transformer body 2 itself are absorbed and treated separately by the diaphragm 5. The remaining low-frequency noise is transmitted to the guide plate structure through the oil. When these noise signals pass through the micro-hole array 4 on the surface of the guide plate, they enter multiple resonant cavities formed by the micro-holes 4, thereby effectively absorbing and dissipating noise of specific frequencies. This process significantly enhances the overall noise reduction performance of the system, further attenuating the noise energy and ultimately achieving a lower noise level.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A low-noise, heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure, comprising a transformer assembly and a transformer body disposed inside the transformer assembly, characterized in that: The top and bottom outer sides of the transformer body are provided with septa, and each septa is provided with a vibration damping component. The top of the transformer assembly is provided with an oil supply component. The outer side of the transformer body is provided with a flow guide. A micro-hole is opened on one side of the flow guide. A bottom plate is fixed to the bottom of the side shell located at the bottom of the transformer body. A top plate is fixed to the top of the side shell located at the top of the transformer body. An outer shell is fixed to the side of the top plate and the bottom that are close to each other. The flow guide is fixed to the inside of the outer shell. The guide section, through its own spiral structure, works in conjunction with the oil expansion caused by the temperature rise during the operation of the vessel body to guide the oil input from the top oil supply component to flow spirally along the axial direction of the vessel body, thereby extending the residence time of the oil. Each vibration damping component includes an elastic element 1 connected to a diaphragm. The end of the elastic element 1 away from the diaphragm is fixed with a support. Elastic elements 2 are provided on both sides of the support. The elastic element 1 absorbs the vertical vibration of the transformer body, and the elastic element 2 absorbs the horizontal vibration of the transformer body. The diaphragm is used to absorb the magnetostrictive vibration of the transformer body itself. Through the synergistic effect of the diaphragm, elastic element 1 and elastic element 2, the basic vibration generated during the operation of the transformer is reduced, and the noise is reduced from the sound source. The remaining low-frequency noise is absorbed again through the resonant cavity formed by the micropores.

2. The low-noise heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two spacers are respectively fitted onto the outer sides of the top and bottom of the vessel body. L-shaped plates are fixed on both sides of the two spacers. Elastic elements are respectively fixed on the side of the four L-shaped plates away from the vessel body. Limiting plates are fixed on the inner side of the support. The L-shaped plates are slidably engaged with the limiting plates.

3. The low-noise heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the supports has a connecting plate fixed on both sides, and a sliding rod slidably connected to the inner side of each support. An elastic element two is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate near the support, and a side shell is fixed to the other end of each elastic element two. Both ends of the sliding rod on the inner side of the same support are fixedly connected to the side shells on both sides.

4. The low-noise heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: An oil drain hole is provided through the top of the base plate.

5. The low-noise heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transformer assembly includes a top cover, a chassis, an oil return box, and an oil outlet valve. The chassis is fixed to the outside of the top cover, the oil return box is fixed to the outside of the base plate, the bottom inner side of the chassis and the top outer side of the oil return box are fixedly connected, and the top cover is detachably connected to the top of the chassis.

6. The low-noise heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oil supply component includes an oil tank, which is fixed to the top of the cover. The output end of the oil tank is connected to a booster pump through a pipeline. The output end of the booster pump is fixed with an oil inlet pipe, and the bottom end of the oil inlet pipe has an oil outlet.

7. The low-noise heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side of the oil return box is provided with a cooling component, which includes a hollow plate. The hollow plate is fixed inside the oil return box. A flow distribution cavity is fixed on one side of the oil return box. A fan is fixed through the flow distribution cavity on the side away from the oil return box. The flow distribution cavity can distribute the outside air drawn by the fan to each hollow plate.

8. The low-noise heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the micropore faces the iron core and the oil inlet direction, and the axis of the micropore is inclined to guide the direction of oil flow. The diameter of the micropore is less than one millimeter.

9. The low-noise heat-dissipating oil-immersed transformer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral angle of the guide section is set to 18 to 20 degrees. The distance between the oil inlet at the top of the guide section and the vessel body is greater than 50 millimeters. The distance between the guide section and the vessel body gradually decreases axially from the oil inlet at the top of the guide section to the oil outlet at the bottom of the guide section.

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