Device and method for improving soil for cultivating camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. kamoan

Abstract

This invention discloses a soil improvement device and method for cultivating Camellia oleifera, within the field of Camellia oleifera cultivation technology. The device includes a soil improvement mechanism comprising a storage tank for storing a soil conditioning solution, a slurry application rod component, and a rod driving component. The slurry application rod component includes multiple slurry application rods arranged at equal intervals and extending vertically. Each slurry application rod has multiple slurry holes along its axial direction that communicate with the storage tank. The rod driving component drives the slurry application rods to insert into or withdraw from the soil vertically. This invention also provides a corresponding soil improvement method that effectively solves the problem of insufficient ground spraying depth through multi-point deep injection. Furthermore, it achieves continuous, fixed-point slurry application through a movable frame structure and circulation path control design, adapting to the row and plant spacing requirements of Camellia oleifera cultivation. This significantly improves the automation level of the soil improvement process while ensuring application accuracy and operational efficiency, and reducing material waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Camellia oleifera cultivation technology, and in particular to a soil improvement device and method for Camellia oleifera cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] As an important woody oilseed tree species, the propagation and efficient cultivation techniques of Camellia oleifera are crucial for improving yield and economic benefits. Before actual planting, it is necessary to conduct variety selection research based on the soil characteristics of the target area. Typically, researchers conduct continuous surveys over many years on growth indicators of different clonal plants, such as plant height, diameter at breast height, and crown width, as well as developmental indicators such as flowering, fruit setting, and economic traits of the fruit. They then use statistical methods such as analysis of variance and correlation analysis to screen out superior varieties and individual plants suitable for local soil conditions.

[0003] Before conducting breeding research, it is often necessary to simulate or improve the seedling or cultivation soil according to the soil conditions of the target area. This includes applying macro-elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in a reasonable manner, or supplementing micro-elements such as calcium, magnesium, and selenium, or applying root conditioners and plant growth regulators to optimize seedlings.

[0004] However, current technologies mostly employ ground spraying for soil conditioning. This method makes it difficult for the conditioning substances to penetrate deep into the soil, resulting in insufficient conditioning depth in the root zone and affecting the improvement effect. Secondly, existing spraying devices typically apply the material uniformly, failing to provide precise application based on the plant or row spacing of the camellia oleifera plant. This easily leads to material waste and uneven application, making it difficult to meet the precise soil improvement needs under different cultivation patterns. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial option or create conditions.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera includes: a soil improvement mechanism, wherein the soil improvement mechanism includes: a liquid storage tank, a liquid application rod component, and an insertion rod driving component; The liquid application rod component includes multiple liquid application rods extending in the vertical direction. The multiple liquid application rods are spaced apart along a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction. Each liquid application rod has multiple liquid application holes spaced apart in the vertical direction. The liquid application rod has a liquid application channel communicating with the liquid application holes inside. The storage tank is connected to multiple application poles and is used to supply soil conditioning solution to the application channel; The insertion rod driving component is connected to the liquid application rod component for driving multiple liquid application rods to move in the up and down direction to insert or extract soil.

[0007] The soil improvement device for camellia oleifera cultivation provided by this invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By setting multiple equally spaced application rods, it is possible to achieve multi-point synchronous deep slurry injection in camellia oleifera planting, significantly improving work efficiency. Multiple application holes distributed axially on the application rods can directly deliver the conditioning solution to different depths of the root system, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of insufficient depth adjustment in traditional ground spraying methods. Simultaneously, the rod driving component enables automatic insertion and withdrawal of the rods, making operation convenient and facilitating control of the application depth, ensuring the uniformity and repeatability of soil improvement.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the liquid application rod component includes a liquid distribution pipe extending from left to right, the liquid distribution pipe being connected to the liquid storage tank, and multiple liquid application rods being disposed on the lower side of the liquid distribution pipe, the upper end of the liquid application rods being connected to the liquid distribution pipe; the liquid application rod includes a rod body and a plug, the rod body being a variable diameter cylinder shape with a thicker upper part and a thinner lower part, the plug being a conical shape, and the plug being coaxially disposed at the lower end of the rod body.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, it also includes a frame, on which the soil improvement mechanism is installed. Multiple walking wheels are rotatably arranged on the lower side of the frame, and the frame is provided with a walking drive mechanism for driving the frame to move in the front-back direction.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, it also includes a movable frame and a frame-shifting drive component. The movable frame is slidably mounted on the frame, and the frame-shifting drive component is used to drive the movable frame to move back and forth relative to the frame. The soil improvement mechanism is mounted on the movable frame.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, there are multiple liquid application rod components, which are arranged in a front-to-back interval on the movable frame. The multiple liquid application rod components are aligned front to back, and the insertion rod driving component synchronously drives the multiple liquid application rod components to move up and down.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the insertion rod driving component includes a floating connection assembly, a transmission assembly, and an insertion rod driving unit. The insertion rod driving unit drives the floating connection assembly to move along a closed-loop extended circulation path through the transmission assembly. Multiple floating connection assemblies are arranged at equal intervals along the circulation path. The liquid application rod components are elastically adjustable and installed on the floating connection assembly one-to-one. The circulation path includes a descending section, a liquid application section, an ascending section, and a reset section. The descending section, liquid application section, ascending section, and reset section are connected end to end in sequence. The descending section and ascending section are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the liquid application section.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the loop path further includes a first avoidance segment and a second avoidance segment. The first avoidance segment is located between the rising segment and the reset segment, and the second avoidance segment is located between the reset segment and the falling segment. Both the first avoidance segment and the second avoidance segment extend in the vertical direction.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the transmission component and the floating connection component are both arranged in pairs, and the two floating connection components in the pair are respectively connected to the two transmission components. The left and right ends of the liquid application rod component are respectively adjustablely connected to the two floating connection components in the pair.

[0015] A method for improving soil for cultivating Camellia oleifera, applicable to the aforementioned soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera including a movable frame, includes: presetting a lateral cultivation interval for tea seedlings in the left-right direction and a longitudinal cultivation interval for tea seedlings in the front-back direction; setting the spacing of multiple application rods in the application rod component according to the lateral cultivation interval; setting the spacing of multiple application rod components in the front-back direction according to the longitudinal cultivation interval; controlling the walking drive mechanism to drive the frame to move at a uniform speed; simultaneously controlling the rod drive component to drive the application rod component to move up and down; and controlling the frame moving drive component to drive the movable frame to move back and forth relative to the frame according to the position and state of the application rod component.

[0016] A method for improving soil for cultivating Camellia oleifera, applicable to the aforementioned soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera with a circulation path, includes: presetting the lateral cultivation interval of tea seedlings in the left-right direction and the longitudinal cultivation interval of tea seedlings in the front-back direction; setting the spacing of multiple application rods in the application rod component according to the lateral cultivation interval; setting the spacing of adjacent floating connecting components on the circulation path according to the longitudinal cultivation interval; controlling the walking drive mechanism to drive the frame to move at a uniform speed; simultaneously controlling the rod drive unit to drive the floating connecting components to move at a uniform speed along the circulation path; and when the floating connecting components and the application rod component are in the descending segment or the ascending segment, their relative movement speed in the front-back direction is the same as the movement speed of the frame. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a side view of a soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid application operation of the soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid application operation of the soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the loop path structure in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of the connection between the liquid application rod component and the floating connection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 100-Frame, 110-Walking wheel, 200-Soil improvement mechanism, 210-Storage tank, 220-Application rod component, 221-Dispensing pipe, 222-Application rod, 223-Application hole, 230-Rod drive component, 240-Moving frame, 250-Circulation path, 251-Descent section, 252-Application section, 253-Ascent section, 254-Reset section, 255-First avoidance section, 256-Second avoidance section, 260-Floating connection component, 261-Connecting seat, 262-Connecting block, 270-Guide rail, 300-Walking drive mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, if there are words such as "several", they mean one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than", "less than", "exceeding" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself.

[0022] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 6 The soil improvement device for cultivating fragrant camellia oleifera of the present invention is illustrated in the following embodiments: A soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera includes: a frame 100, a soil improvement mechanism 200, and a walking drive mechanism 300. Multiple wheels 110 are rotatably mounted on the lower side of the frame 100. The walking drive mechanism 300 is used to drive the frame 100 to move in the forward and backward direction.

[0024] The soil improvement mechanism 200 is mounted on the frame 100. The soil improvement mechanism 200 includes a storage tank 210, an application rod component 220, and a rod driving component 230. The storage tank 210 stores the soil conditioning solution. The application rod component 220 includes multiple application rods 222, which are equally spaced and extend vertically. Each application rod 222 has multiple application holes 223 distributed vertically, all of which are connected to the storage tank 210. The rod driving component 230 drives the application rod component 220 to move, allowing the application rods 222 to be inserted into or extracted from the soil vertically.

[0025] In practical use, the walking drive mechanism 300 moves the frame 100, allowing the soil improvement mechanism 200 on it to move back and forth, thereby changing the position of the soil improvement mechanism 200 and enabling liquid application at different locations to improve the seedling soil at specific points. The soil improvement mechanism 200, by setting multiple equally spaced liquid application rods 222, can achieve multi-point synchronous deep liquid injection in camellia oleifera planting, significantly improving work efficiency. Multiple liquid application holes 223 distributed axially on the liquid application rods 222 can directly deliver the conditioning solution to different depths of the root system, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of insufficient depth adjustment in traditional ground spraying methods. Simultaneously, the rod drive component 230 enables automatic insertion and withdrawal of the rods, facilitating operation and controlling the liquid application depth, ensuring the uniformity and repeatability of soil improvement.

[0026] In this embodiment, the liquid application rod component 220 further includes a liquid distribution pipe 221 extending horizontally in the left-right direction. The liquid distribution pipe 221 is connected to the outlet of the liquid storage tank 210 through a liquid delivery pipe. The upper ends of multiple liquid application rods 222 are respectively fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the liquid distribution pipe 221, and the inner cavity of each liquid application rod 222 is respectively connected to the inner cavity of the liquid distribution pipe 221.

[0027] The liquid application rod component 220 uses a distribution pipe 221 as an intermediate confluence and distribution structure, which allows the regulating solution output from the storage tank 210 to be evenly distributed to each liquid application rod 222. This avoids uneven liquid supply pressure caused by differences in pipe length and ensures consistent liquid application volume for each liquid application rod 222. Simultaneously, the distribution pipe 221 provides a rigid installation reference for multiple liquid application rods 222, ensuring coaxiality and perpendicularity of the rods during soil insertion, facilitating smooth insertion and reducing deviation.

[0028] In some embodiments, the upper ends of the plurality of application rods 222 are welded and fixed to the lower side of the liquid dispensing pipe 221. The application rod component 220 is integrally welded, resulting in high robustness. The connection between the application rods 222 and the liquid dispensing pipe 221 has strong sealing performance and low risk of leakage. However, the spacing between the plurality of application rods 222 cannot be adjusted. When the seedling spacing changes, the entire application rod component 220 needs to be replaced to adapt, resulting in low applicability.

[0029] In some embodiments, the upper end of the application rod 222 is provided with two opposing connecting rings, which are respectively located on both sides of the dispensing pipe 221. One end of each connecting ring is rotatably hinged to the application rod 222, and the other end is locked with bolts and nuts, thereby clamping the dispensing pipe 221 to achieve a detachable connection between the application rod 222 and the dispensing pipe 221. The dispensing pipe 221 and the application rod 222 are connected by a flexible pipe, allowing the soil conditioning solution to flow from the dispensing pipe 221 to the interior of the application rod 222. When it is necessary to adjust the spacing of the application rods 222, the bolts and nuts between the two connecting rings are loosened, allowing the position of the application rods 222 relative to the dispensing pipe 221 to be adjusted.

[0030] In this embodiment, the liquid dispensing tube 221 can be a square tube. The cross-sectional shape of the liquid dispensing tube 221 is square or rectangular, and the lower side of the liquid dispensing tube 221 has a flat end face so that the upper end of the liquid application rod 222 can abut against and connect with the lower side of the liquid dispensing tube 221, so that the force of the liquid application rod 222 when inserted into the soil can be better transmitted to the liquid dispensing tube 221 and the rod driving member 230.

[0031] The liquid dispensing pipe 221 is provided with multiple connecting holes arranged in the left-right direction. The connecting holes are equipped with pipe joints or plugs according to their distance from the corresponding liquid injection rod 222. The flexible infusion pipe is connected to the liquid injection rod 222 through the pipe joints, while the connecting holes that do not need to be connected are closed by plugs.

[0032] The storage tank 210 uses a pressure pump or other pressure element in conjunction with a valve control element to transport the soil conditioning solution inside, so that the soil conditioning solution can be transported along the liquid distribution pipe 221 to each liquid application rod 222 and flow out through the liquid application hole 223 for liquid application.

[0033] In this embodiment, the walking drive mechanism 300 is located at the front end of the frame 100, and the rear end of the frame 100 is provided with a pair of walking wheels 110. The walking drive mechanism 300 includes a power unit and drive wheels. Power is provided by a power unit such as an engine or electric motor, which drives the drive wheels to rotate. The rolling contact between the drive wheels and the ground causes the frame 100 and the soil improvement mechanism 200 on it to move. Specifically, the walking drive mechanism 300 can use the power unit of an existing agricultural tractor, especially a wheeled agricultural tractor head equipped with a driver's seat, which can achieve steering and movement through driving operation. In other embodiments, the walking drive mechanism 300 can also use other tractor structures such as tracked or walk-behind tractors. Tractors, as self-propelled power units used to traction and drive machinery to complete various mobile operations, are very suitable for applications where the walking drive mechanism 300 drives the frame 100 to move for soil improvement.

[0034] In this embodiment, the liquid application rod 222 adopts a variable diameter rod structure. The liquid application rod 222 includes a rod body and a plug. The rod body is a variable diameter cylinder with a larger outer diameter at the upper end and a smaller outer diameter at the lower end, and the outer diameter of the rod body decreases uniformly from top to bottom. The plug is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower end of the rod body. The plug is a cone shape with a sharp bottom, and the maximum outer diameter of the plug is equal to the outer diameter of the lower end of the rod body. The design of the liquid application rod 222, which is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom, ensures the overall rigidity of the rod body while reducing the outer diameter of the insertion end, thereby reducing the initial resistance when the rod penetrates the soil. The cone-shaped plug at the bottom can further play a guiding and soil-breaking role, allowing the rod to smoothly cut into the dense soil and reduce excessive disturbance to the soil structure. At the same time, the smooth transition between the cone-shaped plug and the variable diameter rod body avoids the step jamming phenomenon, which helps the rod maintain good soil penetration performance after repeated insertion and withdrawal.

[0035] In some embodiments, the insertion rod driving component 230 may be a linear driving component such as a cylinder, electric push rod, hydraulic push rod, or lead screw and nut drive assembly arranged in the vertical direction. The liquid application rod component 220 is slidably installed on the frame 100 in the vertical direction, and the insertion rod driving component 230 is installed on the frame 100. The insertion rod driving component 230 directly drives the liquid application rod component 220 to move up and down, so that multiple liquid application rods 222 can be inserted into the soil simultaneously for liquid application, thereby improving the liquid application at multiple seedling positions in the same row.

[0036] In this embodiment, the operation cycle of the soil improvement mechanism 200 needs to be coordinated with the walking drive mechanism 300 to start and stop, so that the sap application insertion and removal actions can match the rhythm of the frame 100's movement. Therefore, manual control of the reciprocating motion of the insertion rod drive component 230 is often required. Specifically, the walking drive mechanism 300 is controlled to move, aligning the sap application rod component 220 with the first seedling position. Then, the insertion rod drive component 230 is controlled to extend the sap application rod component 220 downwards, allowing the sap application rod 222 to be inserted into the soil and sap application. After sap application, the insertion rod drive component 230 drives the sap application rod component 220 upwards to return to its original position and pull it out. Then, the walking drive mechanism 300 drives the frame 100 to move according to the seedling spacing for the next sap application. This process is repeated to achieve sap application improvement in multiple rows and columns of seedling positions.

[0037] This method of intermittent walking for sap application often requires precise human control over the start / stop accuracy and timing of insertion and extraction. When the soil improvement area is large, such as when there are more than 100 seedling rows, the operator needs to control the intermittent walking and sap application more than 100 times, which is highly dependent on the operator and often requires a high level of labor intensity. To solve the above problems and achieve sap application while walking, the insertion rod drive component 230 of this application embodiment can adopt the following two different implementation methods.

[0038] In a first embodiment, the frame 100 is provided with a movable frame 240 and a frame-shifting drive component. The movable frame 240 is slidably mounted on the frame 100, and the frame-shifting drive component is used to drive the movable frame 240 to move back and forth relative to the frame 100. The soil improvement mechanism 200 is mounted on the movable frame 240.

[0039] By adding a movable frame 240 that can slide back and forth on the frame 100, the soil improvement mechanism 200 can obtain additional relative displacement compensation in the front and rear directions on the basis of the overall movement of the frame 100. This allows the frame 100 to continue moving after the liquid application rod 222 is inserted into the soil, achieving non-stop liquid application, effectively improving the liquid application efficiency, and reducing the intensity of operation.

[0040] Specifically, refer to the appendix Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera in the first embodiment. Figure 2 In the middle, the number of liquid application rod components 220 is one. Figure 2 Figures (1) to (5) show the relative positions of the frame 100, the movable frame 240, and the liquid application rod component 220 during the liquid application cycle. Figure 3 In the middle, there are two liquid application rod components 220. Figure 3 Figures (1) to (5) show the relative positions of the frame 100, the movable frame 240, and the two liquid application rod components 220 during the liquid application cycle.

[0041] In actual use, the walking drive mechanism 300 drives the frame 100 to move forward at a constant speed. First, the frame shifting drive component drives the moving frame 240 to the front limit position. At this time, the insertion rod drive component 230 is in the initial state, and the liquid application rod component 220 is located at the upper limit position of the moving frame 240.

[0042] When the liquid application rod component 220 is aligned vertically with the liquid application position, the frame shifting drive component and the rod insertion drive component 230 are activated simultaneously. The rod insertion drive component 230 drives the liquid application rod component 220 to extend downwards, inserting the liquid application rod 222 into the soil. At the same time, the frame shifting drive component drives the moving frame 240 to move backwards relative to the frame 100 at the same speed, so that the liquid application rod component 220 remains stationary with respect to the soil in the front-back direction.

[0043] After the application rod 222 is inserted into the soil to the preset depth, the soil conditioning solution in the storage tank 210 is distributed along the dispensing pipe 221 to each application rod 222, and flows out through the application hole 223 to apply the solution to the entire longitudinal area of ​​the soil. After the application is completed, the rod driving component 230 is reset, which drives the application rod component 220 to be pulled out upwards.

[0044] During the process of "insertion, application, and withdrawal" driven by the insertion rod drive component 230 and the liquid application rod component 220, the walking drive mechanism 300 always drives the frame 100 to move forward at a constant speed, and the frame moving drive component also drives the moving frame 240 to move backward at the same speed.

[0045] Before the moving frame 240 is moved to its rear limit position by the moving frame drive component, the injection rod drive component 230 raises the injection rod component 220 to its upper limit position, so that the injection rod 222 is completely detached from the soil. After that, the moving frame drive component moves the moving frame 240 forward to its front limit position, and then repeats the injection operation.

[0046] In the first embodiment described above, the moving frame 240 is moved back and forth by the shifting drive component to provide relative displacement compensation between the liquid application rod component 220 and the frame 100 in the front-to-back direction, thereby achieving liquid application without stopping the machine. However, each liquid application requires insertion, liquid application, withdrawal, and resetting of the moving frame 240, resulting in a relatively long liquid application cycle. Therefore, the moving speed of the frame 100 is significantly limited; otherwise, the travel distance of the frame 100 within one liquid application cycle would be too large, leading to a large distance between the two liquid application positions.

[0047] In a further embodiment, there are multiple liquid application rod components 220, which are arranged in a front-to-back interval on the movable frame 240. The spacing between two adjacent liquid application rod components 220 is the same, and the multiple liquid application rod components 220 are aligned front to back. The insertion rod driving component 230 synchronously drives the multiple liquid application rod components 220 to move up and down.

[0048] See attached document Figure 3Taking two application rod components 220 as an example, by setting two sets of application rod components 220, the device can simultaneously apply liquid to the seedling positions of the front and rear rows in a single operation, greatly improving the work efficiency. The two sets of components are aligned front and back and rise and fall synchronously, ensuring the consistency of the liquid application depth and amount between the front and rear rows, which is conducive to the standardization of field management.

[0049] Regarding the soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera in the first embodiment described above, this invention provides a method for improving the soil for cultivating Camellia oleifera, specifically including but not limited to: Based on the required spacing for seedling cultivation, a horizontal cultivation interval and a vertical cultivation interval are preset. According to the horizontal cultivation interval, the equal spacing of the multiple application rods 222 in the application rod component 220 in the left-right direction is adjusted accordingly. According to the vertical cultivation interval, the installation spacing of the multiple application rod components 220 in the front-back direction is adjusted accordingly.

[0050] The walking drive mechanism 300 is activated, causing the frame 100 to move at a constant speed along the planting row direction. Simultaneously, the insertion rod drive component 230 drives the two application rod components 220 to move up and down synchronously. During the raising and lowering of the application rod components 220, the frame shift drive component is controlled in real time to drive the moving frame 240 to make compensating movements relative to the frame 100 in the front-back direction based on the current position and state of the application rod components 220.

[0051] Specifically, based on the current position and state of the application rod component 220, the frame-shifting drive component is controlled in real time to move the mobile frame 240 relative to the frame 100 in a compensating forward-backward direction. This means that when the insertion rod drive component 230 extends the application rod component 220 downwards, the frame-shifting drive component begins to move the mobile frame 240 backwards until the application rod component 220 is inserted into the soil, completing the application, and then it returns to its original position and is pulled out of the soil. Afterwards, the frame-shifting drive component moves the mobile frame 240 forwards to prepare for the next application action and compensates for the movement.

[0052] The reciprocating lifting of the liquid application rod component 220 and the forward and backward reciprocating movement of the moving frame 240 are combined to realize the synchronous liquid application operation of multiple liquid application rod components 220 and form an action cycle to maintain the sequential repetition of liquid application improvement while moving.

[0053] The soil improvement method of this invention closely integrates the device structure with seedling spacing parameters (lateral and longitudinal intervals). By pre-setting the spacing between the insertion rods and the spacing between the front and rear components, precise correspondence between the application point and the tea seedling planting point is achieved. During operation, the forward and backward compensation movement of the moving frame 240 is controlled in real time according to the status of the insertion rods, ensuring that the insertion rods are accurately positioned in the target application area during both insertion and withdrawal stages. This effectively avoids misalignment or collision between the insertion rods and the tea seedling roots caused by the continuous movement of the frame 100. This method significantly improves the utilization rate of the soil conditioning solution and achieves flexible adaptation to different planting densities.

[0054] Furthermore, to ensure that all application positions are evenly spaced in the front-to-back direction, the moving speed of the frame 100 and the application cycle time need to be matched and controlled. Specifically, the number of application rod components 220 is n; the longitudinal cultivation interval is D (in meters); the moving speed of the frame 100 is V (in meters per second); and the cycle time of the application action is T (in seconds).

[0055] That is, the frame 100 moves forward at a constant speed V. During the cycle time T of the liquid application action, the frame shifting drive component drives the moving frame 240 to move backward at a speed V. The insertion rod drive component 230 simultaneously drives n liquid application rod components 220 to complete the actions of inserting into the soil, applying liquid, and pulling out of the soil. Then, the frame shifting drive component drives the moving frame 240 to reset, and the reset speed is not limited.

[0056] When the liquid application cycle time matches the moving speed of the frame 100, all liquid application positions can be arranged at equal intervals in the front-to-back direction. At this time, we have: V×T=n×D, that is, the travel distance of the frame 100 during the liquid application cycle time is equal to the sum of n longitudinal cultivation intervals. When the longitudinal cultivation interval D is fixed, the moving speed V of the frame 100 is controlled according to the liquid application cycle time T.

[0057] In the second embodiment, the insertion rod drive member 230 drives the liquid application rod member 220 to move along the closed-loop circulation path 250 to realize the liquid application action and cyclic movement during travel.

[0058] The insertion rod driving component 230 includes a floating connection assembly 260, a transmission assembly, and an insertion rod driving unit. The insertion rod driving unit drives the floating connection assembly 260 to move along a closed-loop circulation path 250 via the transmission assembly. Multiple floating connection assemblies 260 are equally spaced along the circulation path 250. Each liquid application rod component 220 is elastically and adjustablely connected to one of the floating connection assemblies 260. The angle between the descending section 251 and the ascending section 253 and the forward / backward direction is the same. The circulation path 250 includes a descending section 251, a liquid application section 252, an ascending section 253, and a reset section 254.

[0059] In this embodiment, the descending section 251, the liquid application section 252, the ascending section 253, and the reset section 254 are connected end to end in sequence. The descending section 251 extends downward and backward, and the ascending section 253 extends upward and backward. The descending section 251 and the ascending section 253 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the liquid application section 252.

[0060] Multiple floating connection components 260 and their corresponding application rod components 220 move along the circulation path 250, realizing a continuous cyclic operation mode. During the movement, while some application rod components 220 are in contact with the soil during insertion, application, or removal, other application rod components 220 simultaneously move and reset, significantly improving the device's efficiency and operational capacity per unit time. Furthermore, the spacing between adjacent application rod components 220 is relatively small, meeting the soil improvement needs of plants with small spacing.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the transmission component is a chain and sprocket assembly, including a transmission chain and multiple transmission sprockets. The multiple transmission sprockets are rotatably arranged, and the transmission chain extends along the circulation path 250 and engages with the multiple transmission sprockets. The insert rod drive unit is used to drive one of the transmission sprockets to rotate, thereby moving the transmission chain along the circulation path 250. Considering the ease of controlling the movement speed and accuracy of the transmission chain, the insert rod drive unit in this embodiment uses a servo motor. In other embodiments, the insert rod drive unit may be a stepper motor or a pneumatic motor, or other rotary drive element.

[0062] The second embodiment employs a circulation path 250 with an inclined descending section 251 and an inclined ascending section 253, such that when the application rod member 220 moves within the descending section 251, the application insertion rod 222 can be inserted into the soil while moving backward relative to the frame 100. Similarly, within the ascending section 253, when the application rod member 220 moves backward relative to the frame 100, the application insertion rod 222 can be pulled upward out of the soil.

[0063] When the insertion rod drive unit drives the floating connection assembly 260 to move at a constant speed through the transmission assembly, the velocity component of the liquid application rod component 220 in the front-to-back direction can match the travel speed of the frame 100, so that the corresponding floating connection assembly 260 can remain stationary with the soil in the front-to-back direction. The insertion and extraction action of the liquid application rod 222 is realized by the movement of the liquid application rod component 220 in the up-to-down direction.

[0064] The floating connection component 260 moves at a constant speed within the circulation path 250. The descending section 251 and the ascending section 253 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the liquid application section 252, that is, the angle between the descending section 251 and the ascending section 253 relative to the front and rear directions is the same. Different floating connection components 260 located in the descending section 251 and the ascending section 253 can move backward synchronously at the same speed, and the spacing in the front and rear directions remains consistent.

[0065] To achieve in-journey insertion and removal of sap, the floating connection assembly 260, during its movement in the descending section 251 and ascending section 253, has a forward-reverse velocity component equal to the moving velocity of the frame 100. It is conceivable that the linear velocity of the floating connection assembly 260 on the circulation path 250 is greater than the moving velocity of the frame 100. Therefore, when the floating connection assembly 260 moves backward within the sap application section 252, its velocity is not equal to that of the frame 100. During the movement of the sap application rod member 220 and the floating connection assembly 260 within the sap application section 252, the elastically adjustable floating connection between them absorbs the relative displacement generated between them. When sap application is complete and the sap application rod 222 is completely pulled out of the soil, the sap application rod member 220 and the floating connection assembly 260 elastically reset to eliminate the relative displacement between them.

[0066] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the liquid application rod component 220 is subjected to uniform force and to avoid obstructing the movement of the liquid application rod 222, the transmission component and the floating connection component 260 are arranged in pairs on the left and right. The two floating connection components 260 arranged in pairs are respectively connected to the left and right transmission components, and the left and right ends of the liquid application rod component 220 are respectively adjustablely connected to the two floating connection components 260 arranged in pairs.

[0067] The floating connection assembly 260 includes a connecting seat 261 and a connecting block 262. The connecting seat 261 has two spaced-apart connecting ends, both of which are connected to the transmission assembly. The connecting seat 261 is provided with a groove extending along the line connecting the two connecting ends, and the connecting block 262 is elastically slidably disposed in the groove. The liquid application rod component 220 is rotatably connected to the connecting block 262.

[0068] When the floating connecting assembly 260 moves to the application section 252, the application rod component 220 remains stationary with respect to the soil. The application rod component 220 and the floating connecting assembly 260 experience relative displacement in the front-to-back direction. At this time, the connecting block 262 resists the elastic force and moves along the groove, thereby absorbing the relative displacement between them. After the application rod 222 is pulled out, the connecting block 262 resets under the action of the elastic force, eliminating the relative displacement.

[0069] See attached document Figure 6 The floating connection structure between the liquid application rod component 220 and the floating connection assembly 260 is as follows: Figure 6 As shown. The liquid application rod component 220 has guide portions and connecting portions at both ends. The connecting portions are rotatably connected to the connecting block 262, and the guide portions move along the circulation path 250 via guide rail 270. The guide rail 270 extends along the circulation path 250 so that the movement trajectory of the liquid application rod component 220 is consistent with the circulation path 250. When the connecting seat 261 moves to the liquid application section 252, the relative displacement between the liquid application rod component 220 and the connecting seat 261 is absorbed and compensated by the elastic sliding of the connecting block 262 until the liquid application rod component 220 is about to or has already detached from the soil. Under the action of elastic force, the liquid application rod component 220, the connecting block 262, and the connecting seat 261 return to their original relative positions.

[0070] In a further embodiment, to avoid mutual collision and interference between two adjacent liquid application rod components 220 on the circulation path 250, the circulation path 250 further includes a first avoidance section 255 and a second avoidance section 256. The first avoidance section 255 is located between the rising section 253 and the reset section 254, and the second avoidance section 256 is located between the reset section 254 and the falling section 251. Both the first avoidance section 255 and the second avoidance section 256 extend in the vertical direction.

[0071] Vertically extending avoidance sections are added between the rising section 253 and the reset section 254, and between the reset section 254 and the descending section 251. This allows the liquid application rod component 220 to be raised to a higher safe height after completing the extraction action. At the same time, it can maintain a sufficient vertical distance from the reset section 254 before entering the descending section 251, avoiding scratching and collision between multiple liquid application rod components 220 during movement and improving operational safety.

[0072] See attached document Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a second embodiment of the soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera according to the present invention. Regarding the second embodiment of the soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera described above, the present invention provides a corresponding method for improving the soil for cultivating Camellia oleifera, specifically including but not limited to: Based on the required spacing for seedling cultivation, a horizontal and vertical cultivation interval are preset. According to the horizontal cultivation interval, the equal spacing of the multiple application rods 222 in the application rod component 220 in the left-right direction is adjusted accordingly. According to the vertical cultivation interval, the arrangement spacing of adjacent application rod components 220 on the circulation path 250 is set.

[0073] The walking drive mechanism 300 is activated, causing the frame 100 to move at a constant speed along the planting row direction. Simultaneously, the insertion rod drive unit is activated, causing the liquid application rod component 220 to move at a constant speed along the circulation path 250.

[0074] During the movement of the floating connection assembly 260 and the liquid application rod member 220 it carries to the descending section 251 or the ascending section 253, the moving speed of the circulation path 250 is controlled so that the horizontal component of the liquid application rod member 220 relative to the frame 100 in the front-back direction is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the forward speed of the frame 100, so as to keep the absolute position of the liquid application rod member 220 in the front-back direction stationary relative to the ground.

[0075] The soil improvement method of this invention precisely controls the vector matching between the movement speed of the circulation path 250 and the forward speed of the frame 100, ensuring that the absolute horizontal displacement of the application rod 222 in the forward and backward directions is zero during the descent phase 251 (insertion into the soil) and the ascent phase 253 (exit from the soil). This means that the rod can be vertically inserted into the same fixed point in the soil without dragging, scratching, or tearing the soil due to the movement of the frame 100, greatly protecting the integrity of the soil structure. Simultaneously, this method achieves completely continuous dynamic operation; the frame 100 does not need to stop or slow down, and the application rod 222 can complete the fixed-point vertical insertion, balancing the quality and efficiency of soil improvement operations.

[0076] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order for the liquid application rod component 220 to move in a preset posture, and for the liquid application rod 222 to smoothly perform the cycle of inserting into the soil, applying liquid, and pulling out of the soil, the moving speed of the floating connection component 260, the moving speed of the frame 100, and the length of each segment of the cycle path 250 all need to be matched and adapted to each other.

[0077] Specifically: the length of the liquid application rod 222 is H, in meters; the longitudinal cultivation interval is D, in meters; the moving speed of the frame 100 is V1, in meters per second; the moving speed of the floating connection assembly 260 along the circulation path 250 is V2, in meters per second; the lengths of the descending segment 251 and the ascending segment 253 in the circulation path 250 are both L, in meters; the length of the liquid application segment 252 is P, in meters; the liquid application time of the liquid application rod 222 is t, in seconds; the angle between the descending segment 251 and the ascending segment 253 and the front-back direction is θ; and the distance between adjacent floating connection assemblies 260 on the circulation path 250 is G, in meters.

[0078] Regarding the moving speed of the frame 100 and the moving speed of the floating connection assembly 260 along the loop path 250, as described above, in order to keep the absolute position of the liquid application rod member 220 in the front-back direction stationary relative to the ground, we have: V1 = V2 × cos∠θ. The horizontal component of the velocity of the liquid application rod member 220 relative to the frame 100 in the front-back direction is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the forward velocity of the frame 100.

[0079] To prevent the application rod 222 of the corresponding application rod component 220 from contacting the soil before the floating connection component 260 enters the descending section 251, the following condition holds: L×sin∠θ≥H, meaning the vertical height of the descending section 251 is not less than the vertical length of the application rod 222. When the application rod 222 begins to contact the soil, the floating connection component 260 corresponding to its application rod component 220 must be in the descending section 251.

[0080] The length of the application segment 252 is set according to the required application time, with P = V² × t. During the movement of the floating connection assembly 260 in the application segment 252, the application rod 222 applies liquid synchronously. In some embodiments, the circulation path 250 may not have an application segment 252, and the application rod 222 applies liquid during the descent segment 251 or the ascent segment 253. Alternatively, the length of the application segment 252 can be set to P < V² × t, and the application rod 222 begins applying liquid during the insertion process of the descent segment 251, or stops applying liquid only during the withdrawal process after entering the ascent segment 253.

[0081] When the longitudinal growth interval does not exceed the dimensions of the descending segment 251 and the ascending segment 253 in the front-back direction, i.e., D≤L×cos∠θ, then: G=D / cos∠θ. The spacing between adjacent floating connection components 260 on the circulation path 250 is the quotient of the longitudinal growth interval and the cosine of angle A. At the same time, two adjacent floating connection components 260 are in the descending segment 251 or the ascending segment 253.

[0082] When the longitudinal cultivation interval is greater than the dimensions of the descending segment 251 and the ascending segment 253 in the front-back direction, but does not exceed the sum of the dimensions of the descending segment 251 and the ascending segment 253 in the front-back direction and the length of the liquid application segment 252, that is, when L×cos∠θ≤D≤P+L×cos∠θ, we have: G=DL / cos∠θ+L, and the spacing between adjacent floating connection components 260 on the circulation path 250 is the sum of the length of the descending segment 251 and part of the liquid application segment 252.

[0083] When the longitudinal cultivation interval is greater than the sum of the dimensions of the descending section 251 in the front-back direction and the length of the liquid application section 252, that is, D>P+L×cos∠θ, then: G=P+(DP) / cos∠θ. When a floating connecting component 260 enters the descending section 251, the previous floating connecting component 260 on the circulation path 250 is in the ascending section 253.

[0084] If the longitudinal growth interval is greater than the sum of the dimensions of the descending section 251, the liquid application section 252, and the ascending section 253 in the front-to-back direction, the interval between two adjacent floating connection components 260 is too large and is usually not considered.

[0085] In some embodiments, the frame 100 is provided with a lifting frame, which is adjustablely mounted to the frame 100 in the vertical direction, and the soil improvement mechanism 200 is mounted on the lifting frame. By adjusting the relative position of the lifting frame and the frame 100 in the vertical direction, when the insertion rod drive member 230 drives the liquid application rod 222 to move to the lower limit position, the depth to which the liquid application rod 222 is inserted into the soil can be adjusted according to the required liquid application depth. The lifting frame is frame-shaped, with its inner side connected to the soil improvement mechanism 200, and its outer side connected to the frame 100 via vertically extending guide columns and linear bearings for sliding connection.

[0086] In particular, for the soil improvement mechanism 200 in the second embodiment, the height of the soil improvement mechanism 200 can be adjusted by the liftable lifting frame, so that the liquid application rod component 220 in the liquid application section 252 also rises to a position where it does not come into contact with the soil, thereby allowing the entire Camellia oleifera cultivation soil improvement device to move and improving its flexibility.

[0087] Due to the significant weight of the soil improvement mechanism 200 and the lifting frame, the frame 100 is equipped with a lifting drive component for moving the lifting frame up and down. The lifting drive component can be a linear drive component such as a cylinder, electric actuator, hydraulic actuator, or screw and nut drive assembly. Bolts are used between the frame 100 and the lifting frame to secure them together, preventing excessive stress on the lifting drive component or damage to the lifting frame caused by its fall in case of loss of force.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0089] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. All such changes, modifications, equivalent alterations or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil improvement device for cultivating fragrant camellia oleifera, characterized in that: include: Soil improvement agency, the soil improvement agency comprising: The liquid application rod component includes multiple liquid application rods extending in the vertical direction. The multiple liquid application rods are spaced apart along a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction. Each liquid application rod has multiple liquid application holes spaced apart in the vertical direction. The liquid application rod has a liquid application channel communicating with the liquid application holes inside. A storage tank, which is connected to a plurality of application rods, is used to supply soil conditioning solution to the application channel; A rod driving component is connected to the liquid application rod component for driving multiple liquid application rods to move in the vertical direction to insert or extract them into the soil.

2. The soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia sinensis var. assamica according to claim 1, characterized by: The liquid application rod component includes a liquid dispensing pipe extending left and right, which is connected to the liquid storage tank. Multiple liquid application rods are located on the lower side of the liquid dispensing pipe, and the upper end of each liquid application rod is connected to the liquid dispensing pipe. Each liquid application rod includes a rod body and a plug. The rod body is a variable-diameter cylinder with a thicker upper part and a thinner lower part. The plug is conical and is coaxially located at the lower end of the rod body.

3. The soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia sinensis var. assamica according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a frame, on which the soil improvement mechanism is mounted. Multiple wheels are rotatably mounted on the lower side of the frame. The frame is equipped with a walking drive mechanism for driving the frame to move in the front-back direction.

4. The soil improvement device for cultivating fragrant camellia oleifera according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a movable frame and a frame-shifting drive component. The movable frame is slidably mounted on the frame, and the frame-shifting drive component is used to drive the movable frame to move back and forth relative to the frame. The soil improvement mechanism is mounted on the movable frame.

5. The soil improvement device for cultivating fragrant camellia oleifera according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of liquid application rod components is multiple, and the multiple liquid application rod components are arranged in a front-to-back interval on the movable frame. The multiple liquid application rod components are aligned front to back, and the insertion rod driving component synchronously drives the multiple liquid application rod components to move up and down.

6. The soil improvement device for cultivating fragrant camellia oleifera according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid application rod component is movably disposed in a closed-loop extended circulation path. The insertion rod driving component includes a floating connection assembly, a transmission assembly, and an insertion rod driving unit. The insertion rod driving unit drives the floating connection assembly to move along the circulation path through the transmission assembly. Multiple floating connection assemblies are equally spaced along the circulation path. The liquid application rod component is elastically and adjustablely connected to the floating connection assembly one by one. The circulation path includes a descending section, a liquid application section, an ascending section, and a reset section arranged in sequence. The descending section and the ascending section both extend at an incline and are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the liquid application section.

7. The soil improvement device for cultivating fragrant camellia oleifera according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loop path also includes a first avoidance segment and a second avoidance segment. The first avoidance segment is located between the rising segment and the reset segment, and the second avoidance segment is located between the reset segment and the falling segment. Both the first avoidance segment and the second avoidance segment extend in the vertical direction.

8. The soil improvement device for cultivating fragrant camellia oleifera according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the transmission component and the floating connection component are arranged in left-right pairs. The two floating connection components in the pair are respectively connected to the two transmission components. The left and right ends of the liquid application rod component are respectively adjustablely connected to the two floating connection components in the pair.

9. A method for improving soil for cultivating Camellia oleifera, applicable to the soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera as described in claim 5, characterized in that, include: The tea seedlings are pre-set with a lateral cultivation interval in the left-right direction and a longitudinal cultivation interval in the front-back direction. The spacing of multiple liquid application rods in the liquid application rod component is set according to the lateral cultivation interval, and the spacing of multiple liquid application rod components in the front-back direction is set according to the longitudinal cultivation interval. The walking drive mechanism is controlled to drive the frame to move at a constant speed. At the same time, the insertion rod drive component is controlled to drive the liquid application rod component to move up and down. Furthermore, the frame shifting drive component is controlled to drive the moving frame to move back and forth relative to the frame according to the position and state of the liquid application rod component.

10. A method for improving soil for cultivating Camellia oleifera, applicable to the soil improvement device for cultivating Camellia oleifera as described in any one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that, include: The tea seedlings are pre-set with a lateral cultivation interval in the left-right direction and a longitudinal cultivation interval in the front-back direction. The spacing of multiple liquid application rods in the liquid application rod component is set according to the lateral cultivation interval. The spacing of adjacent floating connection components on the circulation path is set according to the longitudinal cultivation interval. The walking drive mechanism is controlled to drive the frame to move at a constant speed. At the same time, the insertion rod drive unit is controlled to drive the floating connection assembly to move at a constant speed along the circulation path. When the floating connection assembly and the liquid application rod are in the descending section or the ascending section, their relative speed to the frame in the front-back direction is the same as the speed of the frame.

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