Method for intercropping ginseng with ginseng root after land and application of the method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of ginseng and Gastrodia elata cultivation technology, and particularly to a method and application of intercropping Gastrodia elata in forest undergrowth and bagged cultivation after ginseng cropping. The method of this invention can simultaneously degrade allelochemicals and pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of continuously cropped ginseng, while promoting the growth of ginseng under the forest undergrowth and the accumulation of medicinal components in the intercropped Gastrodia elata. This invention overcomes the technical bottleneck of continuous ginseng cropping, and the proposed intercropping of ginseng under forest undergrowth and Gastrodia elata belongs to a three-dimensional composite ecological planting technology, improving the utilization efficiency of forest undergrowth land resources and reducing land costs. The Gastrodia elata intercropped under the forest undergrowth of this invention can be harvested in the same year, increasing the additional output of Gastrodia elata while planting ginseng under the forest, creating a combined short-term and long-term management model, and solving the pressure of long-term management of ginseng under the forest. This invention achieves multi-functional simultaneous improvement of soil remediation after ginseng cropping and the production performance of Gastrodia elata under the forest undergrowth; the method is simple to operate and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ginseng and Gastrodia elata cultivation technology, specifically to a method and application of intercropping ginseng in forest undergrowth with bagged Gastrodia elata, particularly suitable for replanting ginseng in forest undergrowth. Through ginseng-Gastrodia elata intercropping, multiple functions are simultaneously improved: soil remediation in the ginseng-planted area and the production performance of Gastrodia elata under the forest. Background Technology

[0002] Ginseng ( Panax ginseng CA Mey. Ginseng, a precious traditional Chinese medicine and the top of the ten auspicious medicinal herbs, is a key crop in Jilin Province's billion-yuan industry. It boasts high medicinal value and enormous demand, especially high-quality forest-grown ginseng, which is in short supply. However, ginseng has a long growth cycle, particularly forest-grown ginseng, which can take 15 to 20 years or more. Forest-grown ginseng has much stricter requirements for soil conditions. Continuous cropping problems after planting forest-grown ginseng are more severe than those after planting cultivated ginseng. Specifically, this manifests as the accumulation of allelochemicals, pesticide residues, and other deterioration of the physicochemical properties, as well as microbial community disorder. Because allelochemicals and pesticide residues are difficult to degrade, the natural recovery time for land after planting cultivated ginseng for 4-6 years can be over 30 years before ginseng can be replanted, and for forest-grown ginseng after 15 years or more, the natural recovery time is even longer. This leads to the idle waste of a large amount of land after planting ginseng and exacerbates the shortage of suitable ginseng forest land, severely restricting the development of the ginseng industry.

[0003] Crop rotation is a method for restoring soil after continuous ginseng cropping, but traditional rotation has a long restoration cycle. Rotating with *Bambusa textilis*, *Polygonatum sibiricum*, and *Aconitum carmichaelii* for three years has a certain restorative effect on the soil after ginseng cultivation, improving the germination and survival rates of replanted ginseng seeds. Rotating with *Asarum heterotropoides* for three years has a certain mitigating effect on the obstacles of continuous ginseng cultivation, improving the germination rate and growth of the next crop of ginseng. Rotating with *Perilla frutescens* and *Astragalus membranaceus* requires two years, rice requires four years, American ginseng requires two years, and rotation with *Lespedeza bicolor*, *Amorpha fruticosa*, and traditionally cultivated *Gastrodia elata* requires four years. These are all methods for restoring soil after ginseng cultivation, but ginseng replanting has not been verified after these rotations. Rotating *Gastrodia elata* cultivated in bags also requires at least one year, but it has not achieved simultaneous intercropping of ginseng understory and *Gastrodia elata* in the post-ginseng field.

[0004] Intercropping ginseng with *Arisaema heterophyllum* in farmland and intercropping ginseng with *Asarum heterotropoides* in farmland both promote ginseng growth and rhizosphere soil health. However, neither of these studies involved replanting ginseng in the field after ginseng cultivation; both were intercropping of cultivated ginseng in farmland. The intercropped plants played a supporting role, and their output was ignored. Furthermore, the row spacing between the two rows of ginseng intercropped with *Arisaema heterophyllum* in farmland was 50cm, resulting in a 28% waste of land for ginseng and exacerbating the scarcity of ginseng land. In the intercropping of ginseng with *Asarum heterotropoides*, the furthest spacing between *Asarum heterotropoides* and ginseng reached 30cm, rendering the intercropping ineffective. All of the above intercropped plants competed for light, and there are currently no research reports on replanting *Gastrodia elata* in forest understory after ginseng cultivation.

[0005] Existing methods for cultivating Gastrodia elata in bags all involve monoculture, resulting in low land utilization efficiency. These methods require covering with a substrate of rice husks, sand, and sawdust, followed by a covering of leaves, straw, and bean stalks. The process is complex, and multiple holes need to be drilled on both sides of the Armillaria mellea cultivation bag. During cultivation, the tail end of the Gastrodia elata seedling must be inserted into these holes, making the process tedious. The yield per bag is only 0.32 kg (7.98 kg / m³). 2 The bag cultivation period is as long as 60-80 days; the yield of each bag planted with Gastrodia elata is only 0.35 kg (40 bags per square meter, 3.1 kg / m²). 2 ~13.9kg / m 2 The production cycle of Gastrodia elata is as long as 8 to 12 months. Cultivating Gastrodia elata still requires the use of wooden substrate sticks, the application of toxic polyacrylamide on the soil, and the covering of the soil with leaves. Holes need to be drilled on both sides of the Armillaria mellea cultivation bag, and the Gastrodia elata seed needs to be placed in the holes on both sides of the bag. The operation steps are complicated and there are safety risks associated with polyacrylamide.

[0006] No existing technologies have been found regarding ginseng replanting or intercropping with ginseng under replanted forests. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and application for intercropping ginseng with bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata in forest under continuous ginseng cropping, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art. The method provided by this invention degrades ginseng allelochemicals (ferulic acid, gallic acid, salicylic acid, and cinnamic acid), degrades Gastrodia elata allelochemicals (p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, dibutyl phthalate, and vanillin), degrades pesticide residues (pentachloronitrobenzene, aldrin), and repairs the soil in the ginseng-grown forest understory, solving the obstacles of continuous ginseng cropping, while simultaneously increasing the yield and efficacy of ginseng and Gastrodia elata, providing technical support for the sustainable development of the industry.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a method for intercropping Gastrodia elata grown under continuous forest cropping with bagged Gastrodia elata, including the step of intercropping Gastrodia elata grown under continuous forest cropping with bagged Gastrodia elata.

[0009] Optionally, the intercropping row ratio of the forest-grown ginseng and bag-cultivated gastrodia is 1:1, with a row spacing of 18cm; the spacing between the forest-grown ginseng seedlings is 10cm; each row of bag-cultivated gastrodia contains 5 bags; each bag is planted with 6 gastrodia seedlings, which are transplanted simultaneously in May and harvested in October of the same year.

[0010] Optionally, in a 30cm high continuous-cropping ginseng bed, the ginseng is transplanted by digging a 20cm furrow, with the ginseng buds covered with 5-8cm of soil; Gastrodia elata is transplanted by digging a 30cm furrow, with the Gastrodia elata seedlings covered with 15-20cm of soil; the bag material is the material after removing the outer plastic bag from the third-level spawn bags of Armillaria mellea, and the bag material wound is treated before intercropping Gastrodia elata and ginseng; the bag material wound is treated by longitudinally shaving a 2mm thick layer of epidermis on one side of the bag material to form a 4×22cm rectangular wound, with each bag material wound facing upwards, and the Gastrodia elata seedlings placed on the wound.

[0011] Optionally, the tertiary strain of Armillaria mellea is Armillaria mellea MHJ-JY-GYGLY with the accession number CGMCC No. 40662.

[0012] Optionally, the bag feed formulation for the Armillaria mellea MHJ-JY-GYGLY tertiary strain includes 29wt% sawdust, 20wt% soybean straw, 10wt% wheat bran, 25wt% corn flour, 10wt% cottonseed hulls, 3wt% soybean meal, 1wt% gypsum, 1wt% lime, and 1wt% tannin.

[0013] Optionally, the culture time is 50-59 days and the temperature is 22-25℃.

[0014] Optionally, during the intercropping process, the canopy density is 0.5-0.9.

[0015] The bag cultivation method for Gastrodia elata described in this invention differs from both traditional and existing bag cultivation methods. This method uses only Armillaria mellea bags and forest soil, eliminating the need for wood substrates. It also eliminates the need for rice husks, sand, and sawdust used in existing bag cultivation methods. The bag formulation is different, particularly by the addition of 1% tannin. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for covering the soil with leaves or other covering materials.

[0016] The intercropping method described in this invention is a three-dimensional composite planting method, which saves land for Gastrodia elata cultivation and shortens the production cycle of Gastrodia elata to 5 months. In this invention, the forest-grown ginseng provides a shading environment for the intercropped Gastrodia elata, the Armillaria mellea bag substrate and its degradation substances provide nutrients for the forest-grown ginseng, and the forest-grown ginseng and intercropped Gastrodia elata mutually degrade allelopathic substances.

[0017] In summary, the intercropping method of ginseng and gastrodia elata in forest-grown land after ginseng cultivation in this invention belongs to a three-dimensional composite ecological planting technology. Intercropping gastrodia elata provides an additional harvest, improving the efficiency of land use under the forest canopy. The forest-grown ginseng provides a shading environment for the intercropped gastrodia elata, while the Armillaria mellea bags and their degradation products provide nutrients for the forest-grown ginseng. The forest-grown and intercropped gastrodia elata mutually degrade allelopathic substances, achieving a mutually beneficial effect. Simultaneously, intercropping forest-grown ginseng and gastrodia elata improves the production performance and quality of both in continuously cropped forest-grown ginseng and gastrodia elata in the post-ginseng field, balancing the common output of both and improving the overall economic benefits of the planting. The combination of short- and long-cycle intercropping of forest-grown ginseng and gastrodia elata generates income in the short term, alleviating the long-cycle management pressure of forest-grown ginseng. The Armillaria mellea bags utilize all resources and have good ecological value.

[0018] This invention provides for the application of the above-described method in any of the following: (1) Used for continuous cropping of ginseng under forest cover or replanting of ginseng under forest cover; (2) Simultaneously promote key growth indicators of ginseng under forest cover and gastrodia elata grown in bags after continuous cropping; (3) It also promotes the accumulation of medicinal components in ginseng grown under forest cover and gastrodia elata grown in bags after continuous cropping; (4) It also promotes the degradation of allelochemicals in ginseng grown under forest cover and in bagged cultivation after continuous cropping of ginseng; (5) Promote the degradation of pesticide residues in ginseng under continuous cropping in the forest after ginseng planting; (6) Improve the efficiency of land restoration and utilization after ginseng cultivation under forest cover.

[0019] Optionally, the key growth indicators of the forest-grown ginseng include the fresh weight of ginseng roots, the length and thickness of the taproot, the plant height, the stem thickness, the leaf length and the leaf width; the key growth indicators of the gastrodia elata include the fresh weight of the gastrodia elata tuber, the tuber length and the tuber width. The medicinal components of the forest-grown ginseng include ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rc, ginsenoside Rb2, ginsenoside Rb3, and ginsenoside Rd; the medicinal components of the gastrodia include gastrodin, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, barisonoside E, barisonoside B, barisonoside C, and barisonoside A. The pesticide residues include pentachloronitrobenzene and aldrin; The allelochemicals include ginseng allelochemicals and gastrodia allelochemicals.

[0020] Optionally, the ginseng allelochemicals include salicylic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, and cinnamic acid; The allelochemicals of Gastrodia elata include p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, dibutyl phthalate, and vanillin.

[0021] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: (1) Intercropping of ginseng and gastrodia elata under forest promotes the degradation of allelochemicals in the ginseng field, realizes continuous cropping of ginseng under forest, and solves the problem of land shortage for ginseng under forest. (2) Intercropping of ginseng and gastrodia elata under forest cover is a three-dimensional composite ecological planting technology that improves the soil utilization efficiency of forest land and reduces land use costs; (3) At the same time, improve the production performance and quality of ginseng and gastrodia elata under continuous cropping after ginseng planting, and improve the economic benefits of planting; (4) The combination of short and long cycles of intercropping Gastrodia elata under forest can generate income in the short term and solve the pressure of long-term operation of ginseng under forest; (5) The Armillaria mellea bag material provides nutrition for Gastrodia elata by converting Armillaria mellea, and provides organic fertilizer nutrition for intercropped ginseng by converting the fungal residue, thus realizing the full resource utilization of the bag material; at the same time, the plastic bag outside the fungal bag is recycled in an environmentally friendly manner, avoiding white pollution to the forest land, and has good ecological value. (6) The cultivation time of the bag substrate in this invention is shortened from 60-80 days to 50-59 days; the yield of each bag of Gastrodia elata is increased from 0.35 kg to 0.55 kg. The production cycle of Gastrodia elata is shortened from 8-12 months to 5 months; no wooden substrate is needed, no rice husks, sand and sawdust are needed, no toxic polyacrylamide is needed on the soil cover, and no leaves, straw, bean stalks or other covering materials are needed on the soil cover, which saves costs, reduces operation steps, reduces labor, and avoids the safety risks of polyacrylamide; no holes need to be drilled on both sides of the Armillaria mellea cultivation bag, which reduces the tedious operation of inserting the tail end of the Gastrodia elata seed into the holes on both sides of the Armillaria mellea cultivation bag, saving labor.

[0022] In summary, the method of this invention can simultaneously degrade allelochemicals and pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng planted in continuous ginseng cultivation, while promoting the growth and accumulation of medicinal components in ginseng under continuous ginseng cultivation and intercropped Gastrodia elata. This invention overcomes the technical bottleneck of continuous ginseng cultivation and effectively solves the problem of land shortage for ginseng cultivation under forest cover. The intercropping of ginseng under forest cover and Gastrodia elata proposed in this invention is a three-dimensional composite ecological planting technology, which improves the utilization efficiency of forest land resources and reduces land costs. Gastrodia elata intercropped in this invention can be harvested in the same year, increasing the additional output of Gastrodia elata while cultivating ginseng under forest cover, creating a combined short-term and long-term management model, and solving the pressure of long-term management of ginseng under forest cover. Bag cultivation of Gastrodia elata eliminates the need for Armillaria mellea wood substrate, and the Armillaria mellea bag substrate is fully utilized, possessing good ecological value. This invention achieves multi-functional simultaneous improvement of soil remediation in ginseng-planting areas and the production performance of ginseng under forest cover and Gastrodia elata. The method is simple to operate and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This study investigates the effects of different treatment plans, tannin-added medium for cultivating three-tiered Armillaria mellea cultures, and intercropping Gastrodia elata with forest-grown ginseng using bagged substrate. A: Plan views of S, T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1, with black circles representing ginseng, black vertical rectangles representing bagged substrate cultivation bags, and white ovals representing Gastrodia elata seedlings. B: Plan views of T, S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1, with black circles representing ginseng, black vertical rectangles representing bagged substrate cultivation bags, and white ovals representing Gastrodia elata seedlings. C: The influence of different three-tiered substrate culture media on the growth of Armillaria mellea. From bottom to top, the first bag shows the growth of *Armillaria mellea* on a culture medium with 0.5% tannin added; the second bag shows the growth of *Armillaria mellea* on a culture medium with 1% tannin added; the third bag shows the growth of *Armillaria mellea* on a culture medium with 2% tannin added; the fourth bag shows the growth of *Armillaria mellea* on a culture medium without tannin added; D: Spring May, after ginseng cultivation, intercropping with forest ginseng in bags; E: Autumn October, after ginseng cultivation, after ginseng cultivation, intercropping with forest ginseng in bags; F: Autumn October, after ginseng cultivation, after ginseng cultivation, intercropping with forest ginseng in bags, the growth of forest ginseng under forest cover; Figure 2 This study investigated the effects of the ratio of intercropping rows of *Gastrodia elata* cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation to that of intercropping ginseng under continuous forest cultivation on the agronomic traits of ginseng under forest cultivation. Where S represents ginseng under continuous forest cultivation after ginseng cultivation; T1S1 represents the ratio of intercropping rows of *Gastrodia elata* cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation to intercropping rows of ginseng under continuous forest cultivation with a ratio of 1:1; T2S1 represents the ratio of intercropping rows of *Gastrodia elata* cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation to intercropping rows of ginseng under continuous forest cultivation with a ratio of 2:1; and T3S1 represents the ratio of intercropping rows of *Gastrodia elata* cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation to intercropping rows of ginseng under continuous forest cultivation with a ratio of 3:1; A: fresh weight of ginseng roots under forest cultivation; B: dry weight of ginseng under forest cultivation; C: taproot length of ginseng under forest cultivation; D: taproot thickness of ginseng under forest cultivation; E: plant height of ginseng under forest cultivation; F: stem thickness of ginseng under forest cultivation; G: leaf length of ginseng under forest cultivation; and H: leaf width of ginseng under forest cultivation. Figure 3 This study investigated the effects of the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation to the ratio of rows of intercropped Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation on agronomic traits of Gastrodia elata. The values ​​were: T = Gastrodia elata cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation; T1S1 = 1:1 ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation to intercropped Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation; T2S1 = 2:1 ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation to intercropped Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation; T3S1 = 3:1 ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation to intercropped Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation; A: yield of Gastrodia elata per bag; B: fresh weight of Gastrodia elata; C: dry weight of Gastrodia elata tubers; D: dry weight of Gastrodia elata tubers; E: tuber length; F: tuber width. Figure 4This study investigated the effect of the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to the intercropping ratio of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation on the content of ginsenosides in forest ginseng. Where S represents Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation after ginseng cultivation; T1S1 represents the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to intercropping ratio of ginseng under continuous forest cultivation = 1:1; T2S1 represents the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to intercropping ratio of ginseng under continuous forest cultivation = 2:1; T3S1 represents the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to intercropping ratio of ginseng under continuous forest cultivation = 3:1; A: Rg1; B: Re; C: Rf; D: Rb1; E: Rg2; F: Rc; G: Rb2; H: Rb3; I: Rd; J: summation of 9 ginsenosides. Figures 5-8 Chromatograms for different treatments are shown below; where S represents Gastrodia elata grown under continuous forest cover after ginseng cultivation; T1S1 represents Gastrodia elata grown under bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation with a row ratio of 1:1 for intercropping under continuous forest cover; T2S1 represents Gastrodia elata grown under bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation with a row ratio of 2:1 for intercropping under continuous forest cover; T3S1 represents Gastrodia elata grown under bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation with a row ratio of 3:1 for intercropping under continuous forest cover; 1-9 represent the chromatographic peaks of ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rg2, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd, respectively; the horizontal axis represents time (min), and the vertical axis represents voltage (mV). Figure 9 The effect of the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to the row number of intercropped Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation on the efficacy content of Gastrodia elata was investigated. Where T represents Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation; T1S1 represents the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to the row number of intercropped Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation = 1:1; T2S1 represents the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to the row number of intercropped Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation = 2:1; T3S1 represents the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to the row number of intercropped Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation = 3:1; A: gastrodin; B: p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol; C: barisonoside E; D: barisonoside B; E: barisonoside C; F: barisonoside A; G: sum of the six efficacy components. Figures 10-13 Chromatograms for different treatments are shown below; where T represents Gastrodia elata cultivated with ground cover after ginseng treatment; T1S1 represents the ratio of Gastrodia elata cultivated with ground cover after ginseng treatment to intercropping under continuous forest cover with ginseng in a row ratio of 1:1; T2S1 represents the ratio of Gastrodia elata cultivated with ground cover after ginseng treatment to intercropping under continuous forest cover with ginseng in a row ratio of 2:1; T3S1 represents the ratio of Gastrodia elata cultivated with ground cover after ginseng treatment to intercropping under continuous forest cover with ginseng in a row ratio of 3:1; 1-6 represent the chromatographic peaks of gastrodin, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, balithinoside E, balithinoside B, balithinoside C, and balithinoside A, respectively; the horizontal axis represents time (min), and the vertical axis represents voltage (mV). Figure 14This study investigated the effect of the ratio of row numbers in post-ginseng bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata to intercropping under continuous forest ginseng cultivation on the allelochemical content in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest ginseng cultivation. Where S represents monoculture under continuous forest ginseng cultivation; T1S1 represents a row ratio of post-ginseng bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata to intercropping under continuous forest ginseng cultivation of 1:1; T2S1 represents a row ratio of post-ginseng bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata to intercropping under continuous forest ginseng cultivation of 2:1; and T3S1 represents a row ratio of post-ginseng bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata to intercropping under continuous forest ginseng cultivation of 3:1. A: salicylic acid; B: ferulic acid; C: gallic acid; D: cinnamic acid. Figure 15 This study investigated the effect of the ratio of rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to that of intercropping Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation on the allelochemical content of the soil surrounding Gastrodia elata. The values ​​were: T = monoculture of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation; T1S1 = row ratio of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to intercropping Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation = 1:1; T2S1 = row ratio of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to intercropping Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation = 2:1; T3S1 = row ratio of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to intercropping Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation = 3:1; A: p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol; B: vanillin; C: dibutyl phthalate. Figure 16 This study investigated the effect of the ratio of row numbers in post-ginseng bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata to intercropping under continuous forest ginseng cultivation on pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of forest ginseng. Where S represents post-ginseng continuous forest ginseng cultivation; T1S1 represents a 1:1 ratio of post-ginseng bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata to intercropping under continuous forest ginseng cultivation; T2S1 represents a 2:1 ratio of post-ginseng bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata to intercropping under continuous forest ginseng cultivation; and T3S1 represents a 3:1 ratio of post-ginseng bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata to intercropping under continuous forest ginseng cultivation. A: hexachlorobenzene; B: pentachloronitrobenzene; C: aldrin; D: chlordane. Figures 17-20 Chromatograms for different treatments are shown below; where S represents Gastrodia elata grown under continuous forest cover after ginseng cultivation; T1S1 represents the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata grown under bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata grown under continuous forest cover with a ratio of 1:1; T2S1 represents the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata grown under bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata grown under continuous forest cover with a ratio of 2:1; T3S1 represents the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata grown under bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation to intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata grown under continuous forest cover with a ratio of 3:1; 1-4 represent the chromatographic peaks of hexachlorobenzene, pentachloronitrobenzene, aldrin, and chlordane, respectively; the horizontal axis represents time (min), and the vertical axis represents voltage (mV). Figure 21 This study investigated the effect of the intercropping row ratio of *Gastrodia elata* grown under forest cover in continuous cropping after ginseng cultivation on agronomic traits of *Gastrodia elata*. The values ​​were: T = *Gastrodia elata* grown under bagged substrate in continuous cropping after ginseng cultivation; S1T1 = 1:1 intercropping row ratio of ginseng grown under forest cover in continuous cropping after ginseng cultivation to *Gastrodia elata* grown under bagged substrate in continuous cropping after ginseng cultivation; S2T1 = 2:1; S3T1 = 3:1; A: yield of *Gastrodia elata* per bag; B: fresh weight of *Gastrodia elata* per unit; C: dry weight of *Gastrodia elata* tubers; D: dry weight of *Gastrodia elata* tubers; E: tuber length; F: tuber width. Figure 22This study investigated the effects of the intercropping ratio of forest-grown ginseng after continuous cropping with forest ginseng and bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata on the agronomic traits of forest-grown ginseng. Where S represents forest-grown ginseng after continuous cropping with forest ginseng; S1T1 represents the intercropping ratio of forest-grown ginseng after continuous cropping with forest ginseng to bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata with a ratio of 1:1; S2T1 represents the intercropping ratio of forest-grown ginseng after continuous cropping with forest ginseng to bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata with a ratio of 2:1; and S3T1 represents the intercropping ratio of forest-grown ginseng after continuous cropping with forest ginseng to bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata with a ratio of 3:1. The values ​​for A, B, C, D, E, F, G, G, H, and H were: A: Fresh weight of forest-grown ginseng roots; B: Dry weight of forest-grown ginseng; C: Length of forest-grown ginseng taproot; D: Thickness of forest-grown ginseng taproot; E: Plant height of forest-grown ginseng; F: Stem thickness of forest-grown ginseng; G: Leaf length of forest-grown ginseng; and H: Leaf width of forest-grown ginseng. Figure 23 This study investigated the effect of the intercropping ratio of *Gastrodia elata* grown under forest cover and bagged cultivation after ginseng cultivation on the medicinal efficacy of *Gastrodia elata*. The values ​​were: T = *Gastrodia elata* grown under bagged cultivation after ginseng cultivation; S1T1 = 1:1; S2T1 = 2:1; S3T1 = 3:1; A: gastrodin; B: p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol; C: baliside E; D: baliside B; E: baliside C; F: baliside A; G: sum of the six medicinal components. Figures 24-27 Chromatograms for different treatments are shown below; where T represents Gastrodia elata grown in bags after ginseng cultivation; S1T1 represents intercropping row ratio of Gastrodia elata grown in bags after continuous ginseng cultivation with forest cover at 1:1; S2T1 represents intercropping row ratio of Gastrodia elata grown in bags after continuous ginseng cultivation with forest cover at 2:1; and S3T1 represents intercropping row ratio of Gastrodia elata grown in bags after continuous ginseng cultivation with forest cover at 3:1; 1-6 represent the chromatographic peaks of gastrodin, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, balithinoside E, balithinoside B, balithinoside C, and balithinoside A, respectively; the horizontal axis represents time (min), and the vertical axis represents voltage (mV). Figure 28 This study investigated the effect of the intercropping ratio of ginseng-treated forest ginseng to bagged-cultivated Gastrodia elata on the medicinal efficacy of forest ginseng. Where S represents forest ginseng after continuous cropping; S1T1 represents the intercropping ratio of forest ginseng to bagged-cultivated Gastrodia elata with a ratio of 1:1; S2T1 represents the ratio of forest ginseng to bagged-cultivated Gastrodia elata with a ratio of 2:1; and S3T1 represents the ratio of forest ginseng to bagged-cultivated Gastrodia elata with a ratio of 3:1. A: Rg1; B: Re; C: Rf; D: Rb1; E: Rg2; F: Rc; G: Rb2; H: Rb3; I: Rd; J: summation of nine ginsenosides. Figures 29-32Chromatograms for different treatments are shown below; where S represents ginseng grown under forest cover after continuous cropping; S1T1 represents intercropping of ginseng grown under forest cover after continuous cropping with bagged cultivation at a ratio of 1:1; S2T1 represents intercropping of ginseng grown under forest cover after continuous cropping with forest cover with bagged cultivation at a ratio of 2:1; S3T1 represents intercropping of ginseng grown under forest cover after continuous cropping with forest cover with bagged cultivation at a ratio of 3:1; 1-9 represent the chromatographic peaks of ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rg2, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd, respectively; the horizontal axis represents time (min), and the vertical axis represents voltage (mV). Figure 33 This study investigated the effect of the intercropping row ratio of *Gastrodia elata* under continuous forest cropping after ginseng cultivation on the allelochemical content of the soil surrounding *Gastrodia elata*. The values ​​were: T = *Gastrodia elata* under continuous forest cropping after ginseng cultivation; S1T1 = 1:1; S2T1 = 2:1; S3T1 = 3:1; A: p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol; B: vanillin; C: dibutyl phthalate. Figure 34 This study investigated the effect of the intercropping ratio of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cropping with bagged cultivation on the allelochemical content of rhizosphere soil in Gastrodia elata under forest cropping. Where S represents Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cropping; S1T1 represents the intercropping ratio of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cropping with bagged cultivation at 1:1; S2T1 represents the intercropping ratio of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cropping with bagged cultivation at 2:1; and S3T1 represents the intercropping ratio of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cropping with bagged cultivation at 3:1. A: salicylic acid; B: ferulic acid; C: gallic acid; D: cinnamic acid. Figure 35 This study investigated the effect of the intercropping ratio of ginseng-treated forest understory to bagged-cultivated Gastrodia elata on pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng-treated forest understory. The study included: S representing ginseng-treated forest understory after continuous cropping; S1T1 representing an intercropping ratio of ginseng-treated forest understory to bagged-cultivated Gastrodia elata of 1:1; S2T1 representing a ratio of ginseng-treated forest understory to bagged-cultivated Gastrodia elata of 2:1; and S3T1 representing a ratio of ginseng-treated forest understory to bagged-cultivated Gastrodia elata of 3:1; and the following substances were considered: A: hexachlorobenzene; B: pentachloronitrobenzene; C: aldrin; and D: chlordane. Figures 36-39 Chromatograms for different treatments are shown below; where S represents ginseng grown under forest cover after continuous cropping; S1T1 represents the intercropping ratio of ginseng grown under forest cover after continuous cropping to Gastrodia elata grown in bags = 1:1; S2T1 represents the intercropping ratio of ginseng grown under forest cover after continuous cropping to Gastrodia elata grown in bags = 2:1; S3T1 represents the intercropping ratio of ginseng grown under forest cover after continuous cropping to Gastrodia elata grown in bags = 3:1; 1-4 represent the chromatographic peaks of hexachlorobenzene, pentachloronitrobenzene, aldrin, and chlordane, respectively; the horizontal axis represents time (min), and the vertical axis represents voltage (mV). Detailed Implementation

[0025] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0027] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0028] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0029] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0030] Armillaria mellea ( Armillaria sinapina MHJ-JY-GYGLY was deposited on June 8, 2023, at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC No. 40662. The deposit address is No. 3, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

[0031] Example 1: Effect of Tannin Addition to Tertiary Seed Bag Culture Medium on the Growth of Armillaria mellea Four tertiary inoculum formulations for *Armillaria mellea* were established: With the same composition of 20 wt% soybean straw, 10 wt% wheat bran, 25 wt% corn flour, 10 wt% cottonseed hulls, 3 wt% soybean meal, 1 wt% gypsum, and 1 wt% lime, formulations 1-4 were supplemented with sawdust (30 wt%, 29.5 wt%, 29.0 wt%, and 28.0 wt%) and tannin (0 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt%, and 2.0 wt%), respectively. After thorough mixing, water was added and mixed again to maintain a moisture content of 55 wt%–65 wt%. The moist inoculum was then packed into double-layered bags (inner layer: 16.2 cm × 31 cm × 0.04 cm polypropylene bag; outer layer: 16.5 cm × 34 cm × 0.04 cm polyethylene bag) for sterilization. After cooling, *Armillaria mellea* was inoculated under aseptic conditions and cultured at 25°C in the dark. The optimal amount of tannin was selected based on *Armillaria mellea* mycelial growth vigor, time to full bag coverage, and mycelial biomass. The results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 As shown in C. The results showed that, compared with the blank control group, the growth potential of Armillaria mellea in all groups on the tannin-added medium was significantly improved, and the hyphae were dense and white. Figure 1 C. Compared with the blank control group, the mycelial biomass of all groups on the tannin-added medium was significantly increased ( p< 0.05); compared with the blank control group, the time for mycelium to fully colonize the bag in all groups with tannin-added culture medium was significantly shortened ( p< (0.05%), see Table 1. Among them, the 1.0wt% tannin addition group showed the best effect.

[0032] Table 1. Effects of adding tannins to the tertiary seed bag culture medium on the growth of Armillaria mellea. Note: Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences.

[0033] Example 2: Effects of the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation to that of ginseng intercropped under continuous forest cover on its production performance and the physical and chemical properties of the surrounding soil. 1. Experimental Site and Design The experiment was conducted in Jingyu County, Jilin Province (geographical coordinates: 126°30'-127°16' E, 42°06'-42°48' N). The experimental site was the land after the autumn harvest of ginseng planted under forest cover for 15 years. After clearing the surface debris and tilling the land, 1.5m wide and 30cm high intercropping beds of ginseng and gastrodia elata were made. Based on the different ratios of gastrodia elata to ginseng intercropping rows, five treatment groups were established: ginseng-planted gastrodia elata rotation group (T), ginseng-planted ginseng-planted continuous forest cover group (S), ginseng-planted gastrodia elata: ginseng intercropping row ratio of 1:1 (T1S1), ginseng-planted gastrodia elata: ginseng intercropping row ratio of 2:1 (T2S1), and ginseng-planted gastrodia elata: ginseng intercropping row ratio of 3:1 (T3S1). Each treatment was replicated three times. One row of bagged Gastrodia elata intercropped with one row of forest ginseng (T1S1); two rows of bagged Gastrodia elata intercropped with one row of forest ginseng (T2S1); three rows of bagged Gastrodia elata intercropped with one row of forest ginseng (T3S1). The row spacing between adjacent ginseng rows, adjacent Gastrodia elata rows, and the intercropped rows of ginseng and Gastrodia elata within all treatment groups was uniformly 18cm. Forest ginseng was transplanted with a plant spacing of 10cm. Five bags of Gastrodia elata were placed per row, with a 4cm spacing between adjacent bags. A 30cm spacing was reserved between different treatments. See [link to treatment details]. Figure 1 A in the middle.

[0034] 2. Intercropping method of Gastrodia elata with bagged cultivation under continuous forest cropping. (1) Preparation of the land after ginseng: Select the land after ginseng harvesting in the same year after 15 years of ginseng planting under larch forest, clear the surface debris, plow and make 1.5m wide and 30cm high intercropping beds for ginseng and gastrodia elata. (2) Preparation for planting: Select 2-year-old ginseng seedlings and 1st generation white Gastrodia elata seedlings through sexual reproduction; (3) Preparation of the third-level Armillaria mellea spawn bags: 29wt% sawdust, 20wt% soybean straw, 10wt% wheat bran, 25wt% corn flour, 10wt% cottonseed hulls, 3wt% soybean meal, 1wt% gypsum, 1wt% lime, and 1wt% tannin. Mix well, add water and continue mixing until the moisture content is controlled at 55wt%~65wt%. Sterilize the bags using conventional methods, and after cooling, inoculate with Armillaria mellea MHJ-JY-GYGLY under sterile conditions. Cultivate at a constant temperature of 22~25℃ in the dark for 50 days to obtain the third-level Armillaria mellea MHJ-JY-GYGLY spawn that has filled the bags.

[0035] (4) Intercropping and harvesting of Gastrodia elata under forest cover: In early May, under the forest cover ginseng bed planting model, 2-year-old Gastrodia elata seedlings were transplanted at a spacing of 10cm and covered with 5-8cm of soil. For Gastrodia elata cultivation in bags, after removing the outer plastic bag of the Armillaria mellea MHJ-JY-GYGLY tertiary spawn bag, the removed plastic bag was recycled in an environmentally friendly manner; the inner bag material was taken, and the epidermis of one side of the bag material was longitudinally cut 2mm thick to form a rectangular wound of 4×22cm. Six white Gastrodia elata seedlings, about 50g each, were placed flat on each bag material wound and covered with 15-20cm of soil. No pesticides were used during the cultivation process. Gastrodia elata could be harvested in early October of the same year.

[0036] (5) Light control management: Adjust the canopy density to 0.5-0.9 using plastic film shade canopies according to the density of the forest.

[0037] (6) Sample Collection and Measurement: In early October of the same year, 9 ginseng plants and 50g of their rhizosphere soil were collected from each experimental group. The fresh weight, dry weight, taproot length, taproot diameter, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width of the ginseng under different intercropping patterns were measured using vernier calipers and an electronic balance, and the dry weight percentage was calculated. 50g of all Gastrodia elata plants and their surrounding soil were collected from each experimental group. The fresh weight, dry weight, tuber length, and tuber width of the Gastrodia elata under different intercropping patterns were measured using vernier calipers and an electronic balance, and the dry weight percentage and yield per bag of Gastrodia elata were calculated. The active ingredients of the ginseng and Gastrodia elata under the forest cover were determined using HPLC. Allelochemicals in the rhizosphere soil of the ginseng and the surrounding soil of the Gastrodia elata tubers were determined using ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of the ginseng under the forest cover were determined using GC.

[0038] 3. Effects of the ratio of intercropping rows between post-planting bagged Gastrodia elata cultivation and continuous-cropping forest-grown Gastrodia elata on agronomic traits of forest-grown Gastrodia elata. The growth status of Gastrodia elata under intercropping with ginseng in May and October after ginseng cultivation, and the growth status of ginseng under forest cover after intercropping with ginseng in October after ginseng cultivation, are as follows: Figure 1 As shown in DF. (By...) Figure 2 As can be seen from the data, compared with the ginseng group under continuous cropping in forest (S), the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups all significantly improved the agronomic traits of ginseng, including the fresh weight of underground roots, the diameter and length of the taproot, and the length, width, height, and stem diameter of the aboveground leaves. P< 0.05), but there were no significant differences among the groups in T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 ( P> 0.05). The intercropping pattern of ginseng and gastrodia can effectively promote the growth and development of ginseng in the post-ginseng field. The number of intercropping rows of ginseng and gastrodia is higher in group T1S1, which has higher land use efficiency for replanting ginseng in the post-ginseng field.

[0039] 4. Effects of the ratio of row number in post-ginseng bag cultivation of Gastrodia elata to that in intercropping with ginseng under continuous forest cover on agronomic traits of Gastrodia elata. Depend on Figure 3 As can be seen from the data, compared with the group undergoing crop rotation with bagged substrate (T), the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups all significantly improved the agronomic traits of Gastrodia elata, such as single fresh weight, tuber length, and tuber width. P< 0.05), increasing the yield of Gastrodia elata grown in bags ( P< 0.05), but there were no significant differences among the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups ( P> 0.05). The intercropping pattern of ginseng and gastrodia can effectively promote the growth and development of gastrodia cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation. The number of intercropping rows of ginseng and gastrodia is more beneficial to gastrodia cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation with the T1S1 group.

[0040] 5. Effect of the ratio of intercropping rows between Gastrodia elata grown in bags after ginseng cultivation and ginseng grown under continuous forest cover on the medicinal efficacy of ginseng grown under forest cover. Depend on Figures 4-8 It can be seen that, compared with the ginseng group under continuous cropping in the forest (S), the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups all significantly increased the summation value of the nine monomeric saponins of ginseng. P< 0.05), among which, the contents of monomeric saponins Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd in each treatment group of T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P< 0.05). Among the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups, the content of each monomeric saponin gradually increased with the increase of the number of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata, but the differences were not significant. P> 0.05). The intercropping pattern of ginseng and gastrodia can significantly and effectively increase the medicinal efficacy content of ginseng in the post-ginseng plantation.

[0041] 6. Effect of the ratio of row number in post-ginseng bag cultivation of Gastrodia elata to that in intercropping under continuous forest ginseng cultivation on the medicinal efficacy content of Gastrodia elata. Depend on Figures 9-13 As can be seen from the data, compared with the group undergoing crop rotation with bagged substrate (T), the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups significantly increased the content of pharmacognosy, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, barisonoside E, barisonoside B, barisonoside C, and barisonoside A in Gastrodia elata, as well as the sum of the six pharmacognosy components. P< 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the pharmacodynamic components of Gastrodia elata among the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups. P> 0.05). The intercropping pattern of ginseng and gastrodia can effectively improve the medicinal content of gastrodia cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation. The number of intercropping rows of ginseng and gastrodia is more beneficial to gastrodia cultivated with bagged substrate after ginseng cultivation in group T1S1.

[0042] 7. Effects of the ratio of intercropping rows between Gastrodia elata grown in bags after ginseng cultivation and those intercropped under continuous forest ginseng cultivation on allelochemicals in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest ginseng cultivation. Depend on Figure 14 It can be seen that, compared with the ginseng group under continuous cropping in the forest (S), the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups all significantly reduced the content of allelochemicals such as salicylic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, and cinnamic acid in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng after continuous cropping. P< 0.05). Intercropping ginseng and gastrodia can effectively degrade allelopathic substances in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng under forest cover.

[0043] 8. Effects of the ratio of row number in post-ginseng bag cultivation of Gastrodia elata to that in continuous-cropping forests on allelochemicals in the soil surrounding Gastrodia elata. Depend on Figure 15 It can be seen that, compared with the crop rotation group (T) of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bags after ginseng planting, the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups all significantly reduced the content of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, vanillin, and dibutyl phthalate (DPP) allelochemicals of Gastrodia elata in the soil around the tubers. P< 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the content of allelochemicals of Gastrodia elata among the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups ( P > 0.05). Intercropping ginseng and gastrodia can effectively degrade allelochemicals in the soil surrounding gastrodia. The number of intercropping rows of ginseng and gastrodia, with group T1S1, is more beneficial for degrading allelochemicals in the soil surrounding gastrodia cultivated in bags after ginseng cultivation.

[0044] 9. The effect of the ratio of intercropping row number between post-planting bagged cultivation of Gastrodia elata and continuous-cropping Gastrodia elata under forest cover on pesticide residues in rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata under forest cover. Depend on Figures 16-20 The results showed that, compared with the ginseng group under continuous cropping in the forest after ginseng planting (S), the T1S1, T2S1, and T3S1 treatment groups all significantly reduced the content of pentachloronitrobenzene and aldrin pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng under continuous cropping in the forest after ginseng planting. P< 0.05). Intercropping ginseng and gastrodia can effectively reduce pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng under continuous cropping of ginseng.

[0045] Example 3: Effects of the intercropping ratio of *Gastrodia elata* in bagged cultivation under continuous forest cropping on its production performance and the surrounding soil physicochemical properties. 1. Overview and Design of the Experimental Site The experiment was conducted in Jingyu County, Jilin Province (geographical coordinates: 126°30'-127°16' E, 42°06'-42°48' N), on land harvested in the same year after 15 years of ginseng cultivation under forest cover. Five treatment groups were established based on the intercropping row ratio of ginseng to gastrodia elata: *Gastrodia elata* in the ginseng-grown land (T), *Gastrodia elata* in the ginseng-grown land (S), *Gastrodia elata* in the ginseng-grown land (S1T1) with an intercropping row ratio of 1:1 (S1T1), 2:1 (S2T1), and 3:1 (S3T1). Each treatment was replicated three times. Alternating planting of Gastrodia elata in bags under forest cover with 1 row of ginseng (S1T1); 2 rows of Gastrodia elata intercropped with bags under forest cover with ginseng (S2T1); 3 rows of Gastrodia elata intercropped with bags under forest cover with ginseng (S3T1). The row spacing between adjacent ginseng rows, adjacent Gastrodia elata rows, and ginseng-Gastrodia elata intercropping rows was uniformly 18cm in all treatment groups. Forest-grown ginseng was transplanted at a plant spacing of 10cm, and covered with 8cm of soil after transplanting. Five bags of Gastrodia elata were placed per row, with a 4cm spacing between adjacent bags. A 30cm spacing was reserved between different treatments. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 B in the middle.

[0046] 2. Intercropping method of Gastrodia elata with bagged cultivation under continuous forest cropping. (1) Preparation of the reference site: Same as the method described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0047] (2) Preparation of seedlings: Same as the seedlings described in Example 2 of this invention.

[0048] (3) Preparation of the third-level Armillaria mellea bags: the same as the method described in Example 2 of this invention.

[0049] (4) Intercropping of Gastrodia elata under forest cover: as described in Example 2 of this invention.

[0050] (5) Light control management: Same as the method described in Embodiment 2 of this invention.

[0051] (6) Sample collection and measurement: Same as the method described in Example 2 of this invention.

[0052] 3. Effects of the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation and bagged cultivation on agronomic traits of Gastrodia elata. Depend on Figure 21 As can be seen from the data, compared with the crop rotation group (T) of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate, the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups all significantly improved the agronomic traits of Gastrodia elata, such as single weight, tuber length, and tuber width. P< 0.05), increasing the yield of Gastrodia elata grown in bags ( P< 0.05); there was no significant difference in the dry weight ratio. P>0.05). Intercropping ginseng and gastrodia can significantly and effectively promote the growth and development of gastrodia. The number of intercropping rows of ginseng and gastrodia in group S1T1 shows higher land use efficiency after ginseng is planted.

[0053] 4. Effects of the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata under forest continuous cropping and bagged cultivation on agronomic traits of Gastrodia elata under forest. Depend on Figure 22 As can be seen from the data, compared with the group of ginseng under continuous cropping in the forest (S), the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups all significantly improved the agronomic traits of ginseng under forest cropping, including the fresh weight of underground roots, the diameter and length of the taproot, and the length, width, height, and stem diameter of the aboveground parts. P< 0.05), but there were no significant differences in ginseng agronomic traits among the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups ( P> 0.05). Intercropping ginseng and gastrodia can significantly and effectively promote the growth and development of ginseng. The number of intercropping rows of ginseng and gastrodia is more beneficial for replanting ginseng in the field after ginseng is planted in the S1T1 group.

[0054] 5. Effect of the number of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation and bag cultivation on the medicinal efficacy content of Gastrodia elata.

[0055] Depend on Figures 23-27 As can be seen from the data, compared with the crop rotation group (T) of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bagged substrate, the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups all significantly increased the content of pharmacognosy, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, barisonoside E, barisonoside B, barisonoside C, and barisonoside A in Gastrodia elata, as well as the sum of the six pharmacognosy components. P< 0.05). The intercropping pattern of ginseng and gastrodia can significantly and effectively increase the content of medicinal components in gastrodia after ginseng is added.

[0056] 6. The effect of the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata under forest continuous cropping and bagged cultivation on the medicinal efficacy content of Gastrodia elata under forest.

[0057] Depend on Figures 28-32 It can be seen that, compared with the ginseng group under continuous cropping in the forest (S), the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups all significantly increased the content of the nine monomeric saponins of ginseng and the sum of the nine monomeric saponins. P< 0.05), but there were no significant differences among the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups ( P> 0.05). The intercropping pattern of ginseng and gastrodia can effectively improve the medicinal content of ginseng replanted in the same field after ginseng cultivation. The number of intercropping rows of ginseng and gastrodia is more beneficial to the replanting of ginseng in the same field after ginseng cultivation in the S1T1 group.

[0058] 7. Effects of the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cultivation and bagged cultivation on allelochemicals in the soil surrounding Gastrodia elata. Depend on Figure 33It can be seen that, compared with the crop rotation group (T) of Gastrodia elata cultivated with bags after ginseng planting, the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups all significantly reduced the content of allelochemicals such as p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, vanillin, and dibutyl phthalate in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata. P< 0.05). Intercropping ginseng and gastrodia can effectively degrade allelopathic substances in the soil surrounding gastrodia.

[0059] 8. Effects of the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata under continuous forest cropping and bagged cultivation on allelochemicals in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata under forest cropping. Depend on Figure 34 It can be seen that, compared with the ginseng under continuous cropping in the forest (S), the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups all significantly reduced the content of allelochemicals such as salicylic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, and cinnamic acid in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng under the old ginseng field. P< 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the content of allelochemicals in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng under the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups ( P> 0.05). Intercropping of ginseng and gastrodia can effectively degrade allelopathic substances in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng under forest cover. The number of intercropping rows of ginseng and gastrodia is more beneficial to the degradation of allelopathic substances in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng under continuous cropping of ginseng after the continuous cropping of ginseng.

[0060] 9. The effect of the ratio of intercropping rows of Gastrodia elata grown under forest cover and bagged cultivation on pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata grown under forest cover. Depend on Figures 35-39 As can be seen, compared with the group of ginseng under continuous cropping in forests (S), the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups all significantly reduced the content of pentachloronitrobenzene and aldrin pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng under continuous cropping in forests (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng among the S1T1, S2T1, and S3T1 treatment groups (P>0.05). Intercropping ginseng and gastrodia elata can effectively reduce pesticide residues in the rhizosphere soil of ginseng under continuous cropping in forests.

[0061] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intercropping Gastrodia elata with bagged substrate cultivation under forest cover after continuous cropping, characterized in that, This includes the step of intercropping ginseng grown under continuous forest cover and gastrodia elata grown in bags.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intercropping ratio of forest-grown ginseng and bag-cultivated gastrodia elata is 1:1, with a row spacing of 18cm. The spacing between forest-grown ginseng seedlings is 10cm. Each bag-cultivated gastrodia elata has 5 bags per row. Each bag is planted with 6 gastrodia elata seedlings, which are transplanted simultaneously in May and harvested in October of the same year.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In a 30cm high continuous-cropping ginseng bed, 20cm deep furrows are dug to transplant the ginseng, and the ginseng buds are covered with 5-8cm of soil. Gastrodia elata is transplanted in 30cm deep furrows, and the Gastrodia elata seedlings are covered with 15-20cm of soil. The bag material is the material after removing the outer plastic bag from the third-level spawn bags of Armillaria mellea. Before intercropping Gastrodia elata and ginseng, the bag material wound is treated. The bag material wound is formed by longitudinally shaving a 2mm thick layer of epidermis on one side of the bag material to form a 4×22cm rectangular wound. Each bag material wound is placed with the wound facing upwards.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The described third-order strain of Armillaria mellea is Armillaria mellea MHJ-JY-GYGLY, with the accession number CGMCC No. 40662.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bag feed formulation for the Armillaria mellea MHJ-JY-GYGLY tertiary strain includes 29 wt% sawdust, 20 wt% soybean straw, 10 wt% wheat bran, 25 wt% corn flour, 10 wt% cottonseed hulls, 3 wt% soybean meal, 1 wt% gypsum, 1 wt% lime, and 1 wt% tannin.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The culture period is 50-59 days, and the temperature is 22-25℃.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the intercropping process, the canopy closure is 0.5-0.

9.

8. The application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in any of the following: (1) Used for continuous cropping of ginseng under forest cover or replanting of ginseng under forest cover; (2) Simultaneously promote key growth indicators of ginseng under forest cover and gastrodia elata grown in bags after continuous cropping; (3) It also promotes the accumulation of medicinal components in ginseng grown under forest cover and gastrodia elata grown in bags after continuous cropping; (4) It also promotes the degradation of allelochemicals in ginseng grown under forest cover and in bagged cultivation after continuous cropping of ginseng; (5) Promote the degradation of pesticide residues in ginseng under continuous cropping in the forest after ginseng planting; (6) Improve the efficiency of land restoration and utilization after ginseng cultivation under forest cover.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The key growth indicators for the ginseng grown under forest cover include the fresh weight of the ginseng root, the length and thickness of the taproot, the plant height, the stem thickness, the leaf length and the leaf width; the key growth indicators for the gastrodia elata include the fresh weight of the gastrodia elata tuber, the tuber length and the tuber width. The medicinal components of the forest-grown ginseng include ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rc, ginsenoside Rb2, ginsenoside Rb3, and ginsenoside Rd; the medicinal components of the gastrodia include gastrodin, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, barisonoside E, barisonoside B, barisonoside C, and barisonoside A. The pesticide residues include pentachloronitrobenzene and aldrin; The ginseng allelochemicals include salicylic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, and cinnamic acid; The allelochemicals of Gastrodia elata include p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, dibutyl phthalate, and vanillin.

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