A dressing

Abstract

This application relates to the field of medical products and discloses a dressing, including a substrate. The substrate has multiple incision groups, each capable of translating and coinciding with an adjacent incision group along at least one of a first direction, a second direction, and a direction inclined relative to the first direction. Each incision group has a curved incision with at least one vertex. The tangent at any point between the vertex and the endpoint of the incision is inclined relative to the first and second directions. Because the incision has at least one vertex and the tangent at any point between the vertex and the endpoint of the incision is inclined relative to both the first and second directions, when the dressing is applied to a joint or a body surface with high curvature and subjected to tensile force in the first or second direction, different segments of any incision can generate separation responses in different directions. This allows the entire incision to withstand tensile force and expand in different segments, avoiding reliance solely on the incision opening perpendicular to the direction of the force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical products, and more particularly to a dressing. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional dressings are mostly continuous, non-porous structures with limited elasticity and extensibility. When applied to joints or surfaces with significant curvature, the stretching and bending caused by skin movement can easily lead to the dressing edges lifting, wrinkling, or even falling off. This not only affects the continuous protection of the wound but can also damage the surrounding skin due to repeated tearing. To improve this, existing designs typically incorporate a patterned structure (i.e., specific shaped cuts or perforations) into the dressing substrate, allowing the dressing to actively adapt to skin deformation by opening and closing the cut edges under stress. However, while existing patterned dressings can improve the deformation compliance between the dressing and the skin to some extent, the improvement is limited, and the deformation adaptation capability is mostly limited to a single specific direction such as the machine direction, width direction, or diagonal. During daily human activities, especially during joint flexion and extension, when the dressing is stretched at a certain angle, it exhibits a positive Poisson's ratio characteristic, meaning that passive contraction occurs in the direction perpendicular to the stretch, leading to significant traction and tearing between the dressing and the skin, which can easily cause secondary damage to newly formed granulation tissue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a dressing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: This application provides a dressing, including a substrate; The substrate has a plurality of cut groups, which can be formed by translating adjacent cut groups along at least one of a first direction, a second direction, and a direction inclined relative to the first direction. Each cut group has a curved cut, and the cut has at least one vertex. The tangent at any point between the vertex and the endpoint of the cut is inclined relative to the first direction and the second direction.

[0005] Furthermore, each group of cuts has three or four cuts, and the group of cuts consists of three or four cuts arranged in a circular array.

[0006] Furthermore, in the same group of cuts, the line connecting the endpoints of each cut to the points where they intersect with the adjacent cuts is an extension line. Multiple extension lines and multiple cuts together enclose a first closed area, and the substrate within the first closed area is a continuous solid.

[0007] Furthermore, within the same group of incisions, the number of incisions is four; The dressing further includes a second sealing area and a third sealing area, wherein the second sealing area is defined between portions of the incisions and portions of the extensions of two adjacent incision groups along the first direction; Along the second direction, a third closed region is defined between a portion of the cut and a portion of the extension line of two adjacent cut groups, and the substrate within the second closed region and the third closed region is a continuous solid.

[0008] Furthermore, the incision has a third orientation; Within the same group of cuts, the cuts overlap with the cut portions on the opposite side along the third direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the incision has a third orientation; The straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut is L; in the same cut group, the overlap dimension between the cut and the opposite cut is M, satisfying: 0 < M < L.

[0010] Furthermore, the dressing also includes an incision unit, which includes four circumferentially arrayed incision groups. The incisions of the four incision groups that are close to each other and the extension lines define a fourth closed area. The substrate within the fourth closed area is a continuous solid.

[0011] Furthermore, in the same group of incisions, the number of incisions is three, and the dressing also includes incision units, each incision unit including three circumferentially arrayed groups of incisions, the incisions of the three groups of incisions being close to each other defining a fifth closed area, the substrate within the fifth closed area being a continuous solid.

[0012] Furthermore, the straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut is L, which satisfies: 7mm≤L≤12mm; The curve length of the cut is S, which satisfies: L≤S≤1.4L.

[0013] Furthermore, the overall width of the cut is H, which satisfies: 0.5mm≤H≤3.5mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the angle between the tangent at any point between the curve endpoint and the vertex of the cut and the second direction is α, satisfying: 10°≤α≤50°.

[0015] Furthermore, the cut has a third direction that is perpendicular to each other, and the straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut is L; Within the same group of cuts, the distance N between the end of the cut and the adjacent cut along the third direction satisfies: 1mm≤N≤L / 2.

[0016] Furthermore, the straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut is L, and the cut has a third perpendicular direction and a fourth perpendicular direction; In the same group of cuts, the endpoints of the cuts extend along the fourth direction to the adjacent cuts and intersect at a point. The distance between the intersection point and the endpoint of the adjacent cut is P, which satisfies: 0 < P < L.

[0017] Furthermore, the cut is in the shape of a periodic curve, and within one period the cut has at least two vertices, and the tangent at any point between the two vertices is inclined relative to the first direction and the second direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the cut is a non-periodic curve, which is any one of a C-shaped curve, a J-shaped curve, a parabola, or a circular arc curve.

[0019] Furthermore, the dressing also includes a backing layer and a contact layer, the substrate being located between the backing layer and the contact layer, and the contact layer being connected to the substrate and disposed on the side of the substrate opposite to the backing layer.

[0020] Furthermore, the substrate is a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure; When the substrate has a multi-layer structure, the cut is provided in one or more of the layers; When the cuts are set in multiple layers, the cuts in each layer are set in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0021] The incision of this application has at least one vertex, and the tangent at any point between the vertex and the incision endpoint is inclined relative to the first and second directions. Thus, when the dressing is applied to a joint or a body surface with large curvature and subjected to tensile force in the first or second direction, different sections of any incision can generate separation responses in different directions. This allows the entire incision to withstand tensile force and expand in different sections, avoiding the need for the incision to open only perpendicular to the direction of the force. At the same time, due to the inclined curve structure of the incision, the incision group can generate a rotational torque at the edge of the incision when subjected to force, and cause the substrate to form an opening simultaneously in the first and second directions. This effectively overcomes the limitation of single-direction extension, achieves multi-directional uniform extension, reduces the passive contraction stress generated in the vertical direction of the substrate when subjected to force, reduces stress concentration, and avoids excessive traction and secondary damage to the newly formed tissue of the wound. Ultimately, this improves the overall deformation compliance and comfort of the dressing.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the distribution of the cuts on the substrate according to this application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the incision group consisting of four incisions in this application is shown; Figure 3 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of the four cuts in the cut group and the cut extension lines on the substrate. Figure 4 This application shows Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cutout on the substrate of this application subjected to force in a second direction is shown; Figure 6 This diagram shows a cutout on the substrate of this application under stress in a first direction; Figure 7 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the cutouts on the substrate of this application under stress in the first and second directions; Figure 8 This application shows Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 9 This application shows a schematic diagram of different cut groups. Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the distribution of the cut group formed by the three cuts in this application on the substrate; Figure 11 This application shows Figure 10 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 12 This invention illustrates a schematic diagram of the incision group formed by the three incisions in this application; Figure 13 This diagram illustrates the distribution of another form of the cut group consisting of three cuts in this application on the substrate. Figure 14 This application shows Figure 13 Enlarged view of point D; Figure 15 The experimental data charts for different incision groups in this application are shown; Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the multi-layer structure of the dressing of this application is shown; Figure 17 A top view of the dressing of this application is shown; Figure 18 This illustrates a schematic diagram of a conventional straight-line cut in this application; Figure 19 This invention illustrates a schematic diagram of the force-opening of a conventional linear cut in this application; Figure 20 This illustration shows another type of cut distribution present in this application.

[0025] Explanation of key component symbols: 100 - Substrate; 2000 - Cut group; 200 - Cut; 210 - Extension line; 201 - First closed area; 202 - Second closed area; 203 - Third closed area; 204 - Fourth closed area; 205 - Fifth closed area; 300 - Backing layer; 400 - Contact layer; 2001 - Comparative cut group 1; 2002 - Comparative cut group 2; X - First direction; Y - Second direction; V - Third direction; W - Fourth direction. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] Poisson's ratio is a physical quantity that describes the relationship between the transverse and longitudinal deformation of a material. It should be noted that if a material is stretched longitudinally and contracts laterally, or stretched laterally and contracts longitudinally, this is a positive Poisson's ratio effect. If a material is stretched longitudinally or laterally and expands in the direction of the force rather than contracting in the direction of the force, this is a negative Poisson's ratio effect.

[0032] See Figure 18 and Figure 19 The existing dressing structure shown has a machine orientation and a width orientation, which are defined in this application as a second orientation Y and a width orientation as a first orientation X. Figure 18 and Figure 19The demonstration showcases a group of straight incisions arranged parallel to the first direction X and the second direction Y. When subjected to a tensile force, such as that applied along the machine direction, only the incisions perpendicular to the force direction can open. Since the tangents of the incisions are all perpendicular to or parallel to the first direction X and the second direction Y, the closed shape formed by the imaginary extensions of the incision endpoints will not rotate under the force, thus the incisions parallel to the force direction remain closed. Furthermore, this design of the incision group exhibits good extensibility only in two specific directions; in other directions, due to the lack of incision groups perpendicular to those directions, extensibility is predictably poor. When joints deform, the skin's extensibility becomes complex. If only specific directions offer good extensibility, it will limit the direction in which medical personnel can apply dressings, resulting in poor extensibility under complex stress conditions. Moreover, due to the material's positive Poisson's ratio characteristic, as tensile strain increases in one direction, contraction will occur in another perpendicular direction. Extensibility in this direction must also resist the contractile stress of that portion of the material, reducing the dressing's extensibility, easily leading to stress concentration, excessive pressure on the wound, and secondary damage.

[0033] Please see Figure 20 The dressing structure shown in the figure has curved incisions that are interlaced within the dressing area. However, the incisions within the same incision group are not obtained by rotating a single incision around a point, but rather by translating two mirror-image incisions. This type of closed rotating unit formed by the incisions is a doubly centrally symmetrical figure. The rotational force is uneven and prone to stress concentration, which can damage newly formed tissue.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve some of the problems existing in the above-mentioned dressings, this application provides a dressing having a first direction X and a second direction Y that are perpendicular to each other.

[0035] The dressing provided in this application includes a substrate 100, on which a plurality of incision groups 2000 are provided. The incision groups 2000 are capable of translating and coinciding with adjacent incision groups 2000 along at least one of a first direction X, a second direction Y, and a direction inclined relative to the first direction X. Each incision group 2000 has a curved incision 200, and the incision 200 has at least one vertex. The tangent at any point between the vertex and the endpoint of the incision 200 is inclined relative to the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0036] See Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the entire dressing has multiple incision groups 2000. One of the incision groups 2000 can be formed by translating adjacent incision groups 2000 in the first direction X or the second direction Y, and can also be formed by translating in an inclined direction relative to the first direction X or the second direction Y. It is understood that one of the incision groups 2000 can overlap with the adjacent incision group 2000 by translation.

[0037] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the cut 200 is generally curved, and the curve has at least one vertex. The tangent at any point between the vertex and the endpoint of the curve is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y. That is, the tangent is inclined relative to the first direction X and the second direction Y. It can be understood that since the tangent direction at each point on the curved cut changes continuously along the direction of the cut, when the dressing is subjected to tensile force in any direction, the external force is transmitted to the edge of the cut 200 through the substrate 100, and is decomposed into normal and tangential components of different directions and magnitudes in different sections of the cut 200. Among them, the normal component drives the edge of the cut 200 to open, while the tangential component generates shear sliding along the edge of the cut. Since the tangent direction is different at each point, there are always some sections on the cut 200 where the angle between the normal direction and the direction of the external force is small, and they can preferentially open. At the same time, although the normal component of other sections is small, the tangential component can drive the edge shear displacement, and also participate in deformation coordination. Therefore, a single curved notch 200 can activate multiple segments in a single external force direction to respond collaboratively with different deformation modes, thereby increasing the overall opening of the notch and enhancing the elongation capability of the substrate 100 in that direction.

[0038] In contrast, straight incisions have consistent tangent directions at all points and a single normal direction. When there is a large angle between the direction of the external force and the normal of the incision, the normal component decreases significantly, making it difficult for the incision to open effectively, and the ductility of the dressing material decreases drastically. Therefore, curved incisions can overcome the limitation of straight incisions, which only have good ductility in a specific direction. This allows the dressing to produce a more complete deformation response when subjected to force in any direction, effectively avoiding stress concentration in local areas and reducing the risk of secondary damage to newly formed wound tissue.

[0039] See Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the angle between the tangent at any point between the endpoint and the vertex of the cut 200 and the second direction Y is α, satisfying: 10°≤α≤50°, preferably between 20° and 40°, and further, the optimal angle for α is 30°. It can be understood that if the angle is too small (approaching 0°), the external force acts mainly along the tangent direction of the cut, and the normal component approaches zero, making it difficult for the cut to open effectively; if the angle is too large (approaching 90°), the tangential component approaches zero, and the shearing and sliding ability of the cut edge is insufficient. Limiting the angle α to the range of 10° to 50° ensures that under the action of external force in any direction, the normal and tangential components decomposed from each segment of the cut are within the effective range, taking into account the coordinated participation of both opening and shearing deformation modes. Because the tangent direction at each point on the curved incision changes continuously along the incision extension direction, when the dressing is subjected to tensile force in any direction, there are always several sections on the incision that can effectively respond by opening or shearing, thereby driving the surrounding materials to deform in tandem, making the extension of the substrate 100 more complete and uniform, effectively avoiding stress concentration in local areas, and reducing the risk of secondary damage to the newly formed tissue of the wound.

[0040] In some embodiments, the cut 200 further has a third direction V and a fourth direction W. The cut 200 has a first point and a second point. The length of the line connecting the first point and the second point is the maximum length of the line connecting any two points on the cut 200. The third direction V is configured to be perpendicular to the line connecting the first point and the second point. The fourth direction W is configured to be the extension direction of the line connecting the first point and the second point. In this embodiment, the curve shape of the cut 200 is a sine wave. The first point and the second point mentioned above are the two endpoints of the cut 200.

[0041] In this embodiment, the cut 200 is in the shape of a periodic curve, and the cut 200 has at least two vertices in one period. The tangent at any point between the two vertices is inclined relative to the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0042] For example, the periodic curve mentioned above can be a sine wave, a pre-defined waveform, or a circular arc-connected waveform. The repeating units of the periodic curve can make the mechanical response of the 200 array more measurable and consistent. The extensibility of the dressing can be precisely adjusted by adjusting parameters such as amplitude and wavelength. In this embodiment, the incision 200 is illustrated as a sine wave as a whole.

[0043] Please see Figure 2 As shown, the third direction V is the direction perpendicular to the line connecting the two ends of the cut 200 with the maximum span. In this embodiment, the third direction V is the direction perpendicular to the line connecting the two ends of the cut 200, and the projected length of the cut 200 is the longest in this direction.

[0044] Continue reading Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the first point and the second point of the sine wave curve cut 200 are the two endpoints of the cut 200, and the line connecting the two endpoints is the line connecting any two points of the cut 200 at its maximum length. The direction perpendicular to the line connecting the two endpoints of the cut 200 is the third direction V. In practice, in other shapes and embodiments, the first point and the second point can also be other points, which are not limited here.

[0045] Each incision group 2000 has three or four incisions 200, and the incision group 2000 consists of three or four incisions 200 arranged in a circular array.

[0046] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, each cut group 2000 has an array center point, and the cut group 2000 is formed by three or four cuts 200 arranged in a circular array around the array center point.

[0047] It is understandable that the normal direction at each point on a single curve cut 200 changes continuously along the cut path. Therefore, the entire cut covers a continuous normal direction interval. Any external force in any direction within this interval can find a corresponding segment on the cut to generate sufficient normal components to drive the cut to open. Based on this, each cut 200 within the cut group 2000 is arranged in a rotating array—each cut is sequentially rotated and replicated around the same center point at a fixed rotation angle (e.g., 90°, 120°, etc.), maintaining its shape while changing its spatial orientation. This ensures that the normal direction interval covered by each cut points to different angular ranges. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Taking the quadruple rotational symmetry (rotation 90°) as an example, the four cuts 200 point 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively relative to the center point. The normal direction range of each cut also rotates and expands accordingly. After being spliced ​​together, they cover the entire 360° direction.

[0048] Therefore, when the shear dressing is subjected to tensile force in any direction, one or more incisions 200 will always cover the sensitive direction of the external force, enabling an effective opening response. Other incisions participate through synergistic deformation, allowing all areas of the substrate 100 to participate in deformation, resulting in more complete and uniform extension. This mechanism effectively avoids stress concentration caused by insufficient local extension or inconsistent deformation, reducing the risk of secondary damage to newly formed wound tissue.

[0049] In the same cut group 2000, the line connecting the endpoints of each cut 200 to the points where they intersect with the adjacent cut 200 is an extension line 210. Multiple extension lines 210 and multiple cuts 200 together enclose a first closed area 201, and the substrate 100 within the first closed area 201 is a continuous solid.

[0050] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each incision group 2000 consists of multiple incisions 200. Specifically, each incision group 2000 contains three or four incisions 200. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The example shown is four cuts out of 200. Figure 4 The thick solid lines in the diagram illustrate the positional relationship between the four cut groups 2000 on the entire substrate 100. Each cut 200 has an imaginary extension line 210, which intersects with the cut 200 along its extension direction. This creates a closed area defined as the first closed area 201. Within the first closed area 201, the substrate 100 is solid, meaning that no cut 200 can extend into it. The substrate 100 within the first closed area 201 does not have any open, virtual bodies, thus ensuring the strength of the substrate 100 within the first closed area 201. Under stress, this closed area acts as a rigid rotational unit, rotating around its center point under external force rather than being compressed or stretched. Due to the rotational symmetry of the cuts 200, an effective torque can be generated to drive the rotation of this closed area regardless of the direction of the external force. This rotational motion causes the surrounding materials to deform in tandem, resulting in the dressing elongating in the tensile direction and expanding synchronously in the vertical direction, thus generating a negative Poisson's ratio effect. Specifically, each incision group 2000 contains at least one N-fold rotationally symmetric pattern within the closed region enclosed by the rotating array curves (N being the number of individual incisions 200 in the incision group 2000). This N-fold rotationally symmetric structure ensures that the negative Poisson's ratio effect is distributed uniformly and harmoniously in all 360° directions, avoiding localized deformation concentration. This allows the dressing to achieve a uniform deformation response when subjected to force in any direction.

[0051] If a cut extends into the closed area, the region is divided into multiple independent small blocks, losing its rigid overall characteristics. Under stress, the external force preferentially drives each small block to locally open / close along the cut edge, rather than driving the closed area to rotate as a whole. Therefore, it cannot generate a rotational torque that drives synchronous expansion in the vertical direction, thus disrupting the negative Poisson's ratio effect, and the material reverts to positive Poisson's ratio characteristics (vertical contraction during stretching). It should be noted that the extension line 210 simulated at the end of the cut 200 is imaginary and does not exist in the actual product.

[0052] In some embodiments, the number of incisions 200 in the same incision group 2000 is four; the dressing also includes a second sealing region 202 and a third sealing region 203. Along the first direction X, a second sealing region 202 is defined between a portion of the incisions 200 and a portion of the extension line 210 of two adjacent incision groups 2000; along the second direction Y, a third sealing region 203 is defined between a portion of the incisions 200 and a portion of the extension line 210 of two adjacent incision groups 2000, and the substrate 100 in the second sealing region 202 and the third sealing region 203 is a continuous solid.

[0053] See Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the cut group 2000 is formed by an array of four cuts 200 about a center point, and extension lines 210 are designed at both ends of each cut 200. Specifically, in the first direction X, two cuts 200 and two extension lines 210 of one cut group 200 and two cuts 200 and two extension lines 210 of the adjacent cut group 2000 enclose and define a second closed region 202; similarly, in the second direction Y, two cuts 200 and two extension lines 210 of one cut group 2000 and two cuts 200 and two extension lines 210 of the adjacent cut group 2000 enclose and define a third closed region 203. The substrate 100 in the second closed region 202 and the third closed region 203 is solid, that is, any part outside the defined range of the second closed region 202 and the third closed region 203 is solid. The cuts 200 in the first closed area 201 cannot extend into its interior; that is, there are no openings in the substrate 100 within the second closed area 202 and the third closed area 203. It should be noted that when the substrate 100 undergoes small deformation, the closed polygon of the first closed area 201 rotates, causing each cut 200 in the cut group 2000 to open collaboratively, enabling the substrate 100 to deform and extend in all directions, thus generating a negative Poisson's ratio effect. When the substrate 100 undergoes large deformation, since the rotation of the first closed area 201 is constrained by the surrounding continuous substrate, the external force is gradually transmitted to the second closed area 202 and the third closed area 203, driving them to begin rotating, so that the adjacent cuts 200 also begin to participate in deformation, further enhancing the tensile behavior of the dressing, that is, increasing the negative Poisson's ratio effect, enabling the dressing to adapt to different stress conditions from micro-motion to large-scale activity. The reorganized structure across incision group 2000 allows stress to be transmitted not only within each incision group 2000, but also to form multiple diversion paths between incision groups 2000, further avoiding local stress concentration and protecting newly formed tissue in the wound.

[0054] In some embodiments, within the same cut group 2000, the cut 200 partially overlaps with the cut 200 on the opposite side along the third direction V.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the line connecting the two ends of the cut 200 is parallel to the first direction X or the second direction Y. Correspondingly, the third direction V of the cut 200 is parallel to the first direction X or the second direction Y. Therefore, the cut 200 partially overlaps with the cut 200 opposite to it along the second direction Y in the second direction Y. Correspondingly, the cut 200 partially overlaps with the cut 200 opposite to it along the first direction X in the first direction X. This partial overlap ensures that the deformation transmission paths of each cut in the corresponding direction are interconnected and without breaks. Regardless of the direction of the external force, when the substrate 100 is stretched, the deformation can be transmitted sequentially along the first direction X and the second direction Y through the cuts in the overlapping area. This avoids local stress concentration caused by the interruption of deformation transmission due to excessive gaps between cuts, thereby ensuring that the substrate 100 in the area where the cut group 2000 is located can obtain a continuous elongation response in both directions.

[0056] Furthermore, the cuts 200 arranged opposite each other in two adjacent cut groups 2000 along the second direction Y also partially overlap in the second direction Y, and the cuts 200 arranged opposite each other in two adjacent cut groups 2000 along the first direction X also partially overlap in the first direction X. Thus, the deformation transfer path extends from the inside of the same cut group to the space between adjacent cut groups, making the deformation transfer of the entire substrate 100 continuous in both the first direction X and the second direction Y, thereby ensuring that the substrate 100 obtains uniform elongation deformation throughout its entire range. In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut 200 is L; in the same cut group 2000, the overlap dimension between the cut 200 along the third direction V and the opposite cut 200 is M, which satisfies: 0 < M < L.

[0057] Continue reading Figure 2 As shown, to ensure that the substrate 100 can continuously deform and extend in the first direction X or the second direction Y, two oppositely arranged cuts 200 in the same cut group 2000 should partially overlap (M>0), so that deformation can be smoothly transferred from one cut to the next through the overlapping area, avoiding interruption of deformation transfer due to cut gaps. At the same time, the overlap size M should be smaller than the cut length L (i.e., M<L) to ensure that the overlapping part is a partial overlap rather than a complete overlap or exactly end to end, retaining a certain overlap redundancy, so that the cut can still maintain a stable deformation transfer path when it is opened under force, thereby ensuring that the substrate 100 can achieve continuous deformation and extension in both directions. In some embodiments, the dressing also includes a cut unit, which includes four circumferentially arrayed cut groups 2000. The cuts 200 of the four cut groups 2000 that are close to each other and the extension line 210 define a fourth closed region 204, and the substrate 100 within the fourth closed region 204 is a continuous solid.

[0058] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the cuts 200 in the cut group 2000 have four cuts and are arrayed around an array point. The cut unit composed of four cut groups 2000 also has a central array point. Accordingly, the four cut groups 2000 are arrayed about the central point to form a cut unit. It can be understood that in the same cut unit, one cut group 2000 and the adjacent cut group 2000 are rotated 90 degrees about the central point to coincide.

[0059] Furthermore, the extension lines 210 of the adjacent cuts 200 in the four cut groups 2000 enclose a fourth closed region 204. The substrate 100 in the fourth closed region 204 is a continuous solid, that is, there are no openings in the fourth closed region 204. During the deformation process, the fourth closed region 204, as a higher-level rigid rotational unit, participates in the rotational response when the deformation further increases. Its continuous solid structure ensures the structural integrity of the unit under large deformation and prevents the substrate from tearing due to stress concentration in the central area.

[0060] It is understood that the entire substrate 100 has multiple cut units, and a second closed area 202 is defined between two adjacent cut groups 2000 of two adjacent cut units along the first direction X, and a third closed area 203 is defined in the second direction Y, thereby forming a multi-level closed area network that runs through the entire substrate 100.

[0061] It should be noted that two adjacent cut elements can be translated and overlapped along the first direction X or the second direction Y.

[0062] In this embodiment, Figure 5 The illustration shows the deformation of each cut 200 when the substrate 100 is subjected to a force along the second direction Y. Since the tangent at any point between the vertex and the endpoint of the cut 200 is neither perpendicular nor parallel to the first direction X and the second direction Y, that is, the midpoint of the arc between the vertex and the endpoint of the cut 200 forms an acute angle α with the second direction Y, and the cut 200 is curved, when the substrate 100 is subjected to a tensile force along the second direction Y, the external force is transmitted to the edge of the cut 200 and drives the first closed area 201 to rotate. The edge of the cut 200 on its boundary is displaced with the rotation, causing the cut 200 to open in the second direction Y to form a significant opening, thereby extending the substrate 100 in the second direction Y. At the same time, the rotation of the closed area also causes the cut 200 to open to a certain extent in the first direction X.

[0063] Depend on Figure 5It can be seen that, since the external force mainly acts along the second direction Y, the opening width of the cut 200 in the second direction Y is greater than the opening width in the first direction X. Therefore, the elongation of the substrate 100 in the second direction Y is greater than the elongation in the first direction X. When stretched in the Y direction, the X direction does not contract as in traditional positive Poisson's ratio materials, but instead also produces an opening (expansion), indicating that the negative Poisson's ratio effect of the dressing in this application is already in effect. In this embodiment, Figure 6 The illustration shows the deformation of the substrate 100 caused by the various cuts 200 under the force along the first direction X. For a description of how the cuts 200 deform under the force in the first direction X and the second direction Y to form openings and thus extend the substrate 100, please refer to the above description of the force in the second direction Y. The details will not be repeated here.

[0064] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, Figure 7 The diagram shown illustrates the force changes on the substrate 100 in the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the direction of rotational torque within one of the cut groups 2000.

[0065] Continue reading Figure 8 As shown, if the substrate 100 is simultaneously subjected to forces in the first direction X and the second direction Y, the cuts 200 at the locations of the first closed region 201, the second closed region 202, the third closed region 203, and the fourth closed region 204 will all be subjected to forces from the outside in the first direction X and the second direction Y, thereby causing a certain degree of torsion to open the cuts 200 and form an opening, thereby enabling the substrate 100 to extend significantly in the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0066] Specifically, when an external force is applied to the substrate 100, a rotational torque is first applied to the cuts 200 within the cut assembly 2000, causing the cuts 200 within the cut assembly 2000 to open and form openings for extension. As the external force increases, a rotational torque is applied to the second closed area 202, the third closed area 203, and the fourth closed area 204, causing the cuts 200 around the second closed area 202, the third closed area 203, and the fourth closed area 204 to also open due to the rotational torque, thereby further improving the extensibility of the entire substrate 100 and enabling the dressing to adapt to different stress conditions from micro-motion to large-scale movement.

[0067] See Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, when the substrate 100 undergoes small deformation, the closed polygon of the first closed region 201 rotates, causing each incision 200 within the incision group 2000 to deform and extend in the first direction X and the second direction Y, thereby generating a negative Poisson's ratio effect. Under larger deformation, the second closed region 202, the third closed region 203, and the fourth closed region 204 rotate, causing adjacent incisions 200 to participate in deformation, further enhancing the tensile behavior of the dressing, i.e., increasing the negative Poisson's ratio effect, enabling the dressing to adapt to different stress conditions from micro-motion to large-scale movement. The reorganized structure across the incision group 2000 allows stress to be transmitted not only within each incision group 2000 but also between incision groups 2000, further avoiding local stress concentration and protecting newly formed wound tissue. Because the tensile characteristics generated by the rotation of the closed regions enable the substrate 100 to respond with its elongation properties to the normal side (i.e., the second direction Y and the first direction X) when subjected to bidirectional force in the first direction X and the second direction Y. Therefore, under the same deformation, compared to Figure 18 The incision assembly shown in this embodiment requires less load, reduces local stress, protects newly formed tissue in the wound, and provides greater user comfort.

[0068] See Figure 9 The diagram shows a schematic of different cut groups 2000 formed by arraying cuts 200 under different curvature states on a substrate 100.

[0069] In another embodiment, the difference from the above embodiment is that in the same incision group 2000, there are three incisions 200. The dressing also includes incision units. Each incision unit includes three circumferentially arrayed incision groups 2000. The incisions 200 of the three incision groups 2000 that are close to each other define a fifth closed area 205. The substrate 100 in the fifth closed area 205 is a continuous solid.

[0070] See Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, the curve shape of the cut 200 is a periodic curve, specifically a sine wave. The cut group 2000 has an array center, and the three cuts 200 are arranged in a ring along the array center to form the cut group 2000. Furthermore, the three cut groups 2000 are arranged along the array center of the cut unit. Further, the three cut groups 2000 surround the adjacent cuts 200 and the extension line 210 around the array point to form a fifth closed area 205. The substrate 100 in the area where the fifth closed area 205 is located has no openings, that is, the substrate 100 in the fifth closed area 205 is a solid to ensure the strength of the entire substrate 100.

[0071] It should be noted that when the substrate 100 undergoes minor deformation, the closed polygon of the first closed region 201 rotates, causing each incision 200 within the incision group 2000 to deform and extend in the first direction X and the second direction Y, thereby generating a negative Poisson's ratio effect. When the substrate 100 undergoes major deformation, the fifth closed region 205 rotates so that its adjacent incisions 200 also begin to participate in deformation, further enhancing the tensile behavior of the dressing, i.e., increasing the negative Poisson's ratio effect, enabling the dressing to adapt to different stress conditions from micro-motion to large-scale movement. The reorganized structure across the incision group 2000 allows stress to be transmitted not only within each incision group 2000, but also to form multiple diversion paths between incision groups 2000, further avoiding local stress concentration and protecting newly formed wound tissue.

[0072] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the way in which the substrate 100 is stretched by an external force to expand the cuts 200 in the cut group 2000 to form an opening to achieve extension is the same as the way in the cut group 2000 composed of four cuts 200 described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] In some embodiments, in this embodiment, the cut 200 partially overlaps with the adjacent cut 200 in the third direction V. Correspondingly, the cut 200 also partially overlaps with the adjacent cut 200 in the first direction X or the second direction Y, thereby enabling the substrate 100 to extend uniformly and continuously in the first direction X and the second direction Y, so as to improve the extension effect of the substrate 100 and reduce the damage of stress concentration to the newly formed tissue.

[0074] In some embodiments, the straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut 200 is L, which satisfies: 7mm≤L≤12mm; the curve length of the cut 200 is S, which satisfies: L≤S≤1.4L.

[0075] See Figure 2 , Figure 12 , Figure 14 As shown, it should be noted that if the length of the two endpoints of the cut 200 is less than 7 mm, the ductility provided by a single cut is limited, and the ductility effect is not ideal. If the length of the two endpoints of the cut 200 is greater than 12 mm, although the ductility of a single cut will be improved, the density of cuts in the substrate 100 area will also be reduced, and the ductility of the overlapping cut groups will be weakened, which will also affect the ductility of the substrate 100. Therefore, in this embodiment, the preferred straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut 200 is 9 mm, and correspondingly, the length of the entire curve should be between 7 mm and 16.8 mm, with the preferred length range of the curve being between 9 mm and 12.6 mm.

[0076] In some embodiments, the overall width of the cut 200 is H, satisfying: 0.5mm ≤ H ≤ 3.5mm. Here, the overall width H represents the maximum lateral offset of a single cut 200.

[0077] See Figure 2 and Figure 12 As shown, it can be understood that, taking the sine wave of the cut 200 curve as an example, the distance between the line connecting the two endpoints of the cut 200 and the vertex is the width of the cut 200. If the width is less than 0.5mm, the curve of the entire cut 200 will be close to a straight line, and the cut 200 will not easily open to form an opening in the direction perpendicular to the external force. This will result in poor elongation of the entire substrate 100 in the direction perpendicular to the external force, which will not meet the usage requirements. Similarly, if the width is greater than 3.5mm, the distance between two adjacent cuts 200 will be relatively close, which will reduce the strength of the substrate 100 and make it easy to break. In order to ensure the strength and elongation performance of the substrate 100, in this embodiment, the distance between the line connecting the two endpoints of the curve of the cut 200 and the vertex is between 1mm and 2mm.

[0078] In some embodiments, the overlap dimension between the cut 200 along the third direction V and the adjacent cut 200 is M, satisfying: 0 < M < L.

[0079] See Figure 12 As shown, two adjacent cuts 200 partially overlap in the third direction V, and the maximum overlap does not exceed the dimension of the line connecting the two endpoints of the cuts 200. Preferably, the overlap dimension can be any size between 1 mm and 5 mm, so that each cut group 2000 can be continuously extended in the first direction X and the second direction Y, thereby enabling the substrate 100 to be continuously deformed and extended in the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0080] In some embodiments, within the same cut group 2000, the distance between the end of the cut 200 and the adjacent cut 200 along the third direction V is N, satisfying: 1mm≤N≤L / 2.

[0081] See Figure 2 and Figure 12 As shown, the distance between the endpoint of the cut 200 and its nearest cut 200 should be spaced at a certain interval. This interval should not be less than 1 mm and should not exceed L / 2 mm. This ensures that there is a certain distance between two adjacent cuts 200 to guarantee that the substrate 100 between them meets the strength requirements. It also prevents the substrate 100 from being affected by the force extension effect due to the large distance between them. Furthermore, it ensures the manufacturability of die cutting and prevents problems such as sticking to the blade and excessively dense blades.

[0082] In some embodiments, in the same group of cuts 2000, the endpoints of the cuts 200 extend along the fourth direction W to the adjacent cuts 200 and have an intersection point. The distance between the intersection point and the endpoint of the adjacent cut 200 is P, which satisfies: 0 < P < L. In this embodiment, the distance is preferably between 0.4L and 0.6L, and the specific value is not limited here.

[0083] See Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, Figure 13 and Figure 14 The diagram shows another type of 2000 formed by three 200 arrays, and a cutout unit formed by three 2000 rotating arrays.

[0084] Furthermore, regarding the cut group 2000 formed by the array of four cuts 200, the positional relationship between the four cuts 200 can be determined by adjusting the parameters of M, N, and P; correspondingly, regarding the cut group 2000 formed by the array of three cuts 200, the positional relationship between the three cuts 200 can also be determined by the parameters of M, N, and P.

[0085] In some embodiments, the cut 200 is a non-periodic curve, which is any one of a C-shaped curve, a J-shaped curve, a parabola, or a circular arc curve.

[0086] To better highlight the difference in extensibility between the periodic and non-periodic curves of the 200mm diameter, an experimental comparison was conducted. The experimental method followed YY / T 0471.4-2004, "Test Methods for Contact Wound Dressings - Part 4: Comfort". The test results are shown in Table 1. Table 1

[0087] It should be noted that in the actual product, the dressing is made by bonding a substrate with a cutout 200 and a liquid-guiding layer together with adhesive. In this embodiment, Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 3 all use a substrate 100 without a liquid-guiding layer; while Example 2, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 4 all use a substrate 100 with a liquid-guiding layer. The liquid-guiding layer can be polyurethane (PU) foam, non-woven fabric, or a combination of various materials. In this test, the liquid-guiding layer used is PU foam, which does not have a cutout 200. The lower the extensibility value in the table above, the higher the comfort during use; in the table above, the MD direction corresponds to the second direction Y in the figure, and the CD direction corresponds to the first direction X in the figure.

[0088] Figure 15The bar chart shown is a graph plotted from the data in Table 1. Examples 1 and 2 use cut group 2000; Comparative Examples 1 and 2 use cut group 2001; and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 use cut group 2002. It can be understood that cut group 2000 is obtained by rotating and copying cuts, cut group 2001 is obtained by a single-cut linear array, and cut group 2002 is obtained by a non-single-cut linear array. Furthermore... Figure 15 The cut shapes in the disclosed cut group 2001 and cut group 2002 are bracket-shaped.

[0089] With and without foam, incision group 2001 exhibits a clear preference for stretching direction, resulting in uneven extensibility. Incision groups 2000 and 2002 show no clear preference for stretching direction, and incision group 2000 demonstrates better extensibility in both directions than incision group 2002. This indicates that the N-fold centrosymmetric closed area formed by the rotational replication of incision 200 helps improve dressing extensibility, and the extensibility approaches isotropy, leading to greater user comfort.

[0090] In some embodiments, the dressing further includes a backing layer 300 and a contact layer 400, with a substrate 100 located between the backing layer 300 and the contact layer 400, and the contact layer 400 connected to the substrate 100 and disposed on the side of the substrate 100 away from the backing layer 300.

[0091] See Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, the dressing has a multi-layer structure, in which the backing layer 300 is used to support the substrate 100, while the contact layer 400 located on the side of the substrate 100 away from the backing layer 300 is in direct contact with the wound, and the exudate is absorbed by the substrate 100 through the contact layer.

[0092] For example, the contact layer 400 may be made of medical silicone gel.

[0093] In some embodiments, the contact layer 400 is a single piece structure that is directly applied to the wound bed. The contact layer 400 has multiple through holes along its thickness direction so that exudate can pass through the contact layer 400 and be absorbed by the substrate 100.

[0094] In another embodiment, the contact layer 400 may have a centrally open window structure, with the substrate 100 directly exposed, allowing the substrate 100 to directly contact the wound bed for exudate absorption.

[0095] In some embodiments, the substrate 100 is a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0096] When the substrate 100 has a multi-layer structure, each layer of the substrate 100 can be any of the following: foam material, fiber material, non-woven fabric material, etc.

[0097] When the substrate 100 has a multi-layer structure, the cut 200 is set in one or more layers; when the cut 200 is set in multiple layers, the cuts 200 in each layer are set one-to-one to ensure that the substrate 100 has good ductility.

[0098] When the substrate 100 has a multi-layer structure, the layers can be connected by any of the following methods: thermal bonding, ultrasonic welding, pressure-sensitive adhesive bonding, or simple stacking.

[0099] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0100] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dressing characterized in that, Including the substrate (100); The substrate (100) is provided with a plurality of cut groups (2000), each cut group (2000) being able to translate and coincide with an adjacent cut group (2000) along at least one of a first direction (X), a second direction (Y), and a direction inclined relative to the first direction (X). Each cut group (2000) has a curved cut (200), each cut (200) having at least one vertex, and the tangent at any point between the vertex and the endpoint of the cut (200) being inclined relative to the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y).

2. The dressing of claim 1, wherein, Each group of cuts (2000) has three or four cuts (200), and the group of cuts (2000) is arranged in a circular array of three or four cuts (200).

3. The dressing of claim 2, wherein, In the same group of cuts (2000), the line connecting the endpoints of each cut (200) to the points where they intersect with the cuts (200) adjacent to that cut (200) is an extension line (210). Multiple extension lines (210) and multiple cuts (200) together enclose a first closed area (201), and the substrate (100) within the first closed area (201) is a continuous solid.

4. The dressing of claim 2, wherein, In the same group of cuts (2000), the number of cuts (200) is four; The dressing also includes a second closure area (202) and a third closure area (203), the second closure area (202) being defined between portions of the incisions (200) and portions of the extensions (210) of two adjacent incision groups (2000) along the first direction (X). Along the second direction (Y), a third closed region (203) is defined between a portion of the cut (200) and a portion of the extension line (210) of two adjacent cut groups (2000), and the substrate (100) within the second closed region (202) and the third closed region (203) is a continuous solid.

5. The dressing of claim 4, wherein, The incision (200) has a third orientation; Within the same group of cuts (2000), the cut (200) partially overlaps with the cut (200) on the opposite side along the third direction (V).

6. The dressing of claim 4, wherein, The incision has a third orientation (V); The straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut (200) is L; in the same cut group (2000), the overlap dimension between the cut (200) along the third direction (V) and the adjacent or opposite cut (200) is M, satisfying: 0 < M < L.

7. The dressing of claim 4, wherein, The dressing also includes an incision unit comprising four circumferentially arrayed incision groups (2000), the four incision groups (2000) being close to each other and the extension line (210) defining a fourth closed region (204), the substrate (100) within the fourth closed region (204) being a continuous solid.

8. The dressing of claim 2, wherein, In the same group of incisions (2000), there are three incisions (200). The dressing also includes incision units, each of which includes three circumferentially arrayed groups of incisions (2000). The incisions (200) of the three groups of incisions (2000) that are close to each other define a fifth closed area (205). The substrate (100) within the fifth closed area (205) is a continuous solid.

9. The dressing of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut (200) is L, which satisfies: 7mm≤L≤12mm; The curve length of the cut (200) is S, which satisfies: L≤S≤1.4L.

10. The dressing of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The overall width of the cut (200) is H, which satisfies: 0.5mm≤H≤3.5mm.

11. The dressing of any of claims 2 to 8, wherein, The angle between the tangent at any point between the curve endpoint and the vertex of the cut (200) and the second direction (Y) is α, satisfying: 10°≤α≤50°.

12. The dressing of any one of claims 2-8, wherein, The cut has a mutually perpendicular third direction (V), and the straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut (200) is L; Within the same group of cuts (2000), the distance between the end of the cut (200) and the adjacent cut (200) along the third direction (V) is N, satisfying: 1mm≤N≤L / 2.

13. The dressing of any of claims 2 to 8, wherein, The straight-line distance between the two endpoints of the cut (200) is L, and the cut (200) has a third direction (V) and a fourth direction (W) that are perpendicular to each other. In the same group of cuts (2000), the endpoint of the cut (200) extends along the fourth direction (W) to the adjacent cut (200) and has an intersection point. The distance between the intersection point and the endpoint of the adjacent cut (200) is P, which satisfies: 0 < P < L.

14. The dressing of claim 1, wherein, The cut (200) is in the shape of a periodic curve, and the cut (200) has at least two vertices in one period, and the tangent at any point between the two vertices is inclined relative to the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y).

15. The dressing of claim 1, wherein, The cut (200) is a non-periodic curve, which is any one of a C-shaped curve, a J-shaped curve, a parabola, or a circular arc curve.

16. The dressing of claim 1, wherein, The dressing further includes a backing layer (300) and a contact layer (400), the substrate (100) being located between the backing layer (300) and the contact layer (400), the contact layer (400) being connected to the substrate (100) and disposed on the side of the substrate (100) away from the backing layer (300).

17. The dressing of claim 1, wherein, The substrate (100) is a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure; When the substrate (100) has a multilayer structure, the cut (200) is provided in one or more of the layers; When the cut (200) is set in multiple layers, the cuts (200) in each layer are set in a one-to-one correspondence.

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