A brain edema monitoring and body position linkage adjusting device for neurology patients

Abstract

This invention relates to a device for monitoring cerebral edema and adjusting body position in conjunction with other medical devices for neurological patients. It belongs to the field of medical device technology and includes a fixed base, a three-section electrically driven floating bed, a head and neck support assembly, a pericranial airbag array, a pressure sensor group, a thermal stimulation module, and a body position adjustment mechanism. A control cabinet is located on the side of the fixed base, and the control cabinet is connected to the three-section electrically driven floating bed, the pericranial airbag array, the pressure sensor group, the thermal stimulation module, and the body position adjustment mechanism via wiring. The pressure sensor group is used to monitor the pressure change trend of the pericranial airbags in real time. The central controller automatically controls the body position adjustment mechanism to adjust the bed angle to form a head-high, feet-low position based on the pressure change rate, and coordinates with the thermal stimulation module to apply cold stimulation to the carotid artery region. This device can achieve a closed-loop linkage between non-invasive continuous monitoring of cerebral edema and body position intervention, effectively improving the accuracy and timeliness of nursing care for critically ill neurological patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology and relates to a device for monitoring cerebral edema and adjusting body position for neurological patients. Background Technology

[0002] In neurological clinical practice, cerebral edema is one of the most common and dangerous complications in critically ill patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. When brain tissue swells due to ischemia, hypoxia, or post-traumatic inflammatory response, the intracranial volume increases rapidly, creating a space-occupying effect within the closed cranial cavity, leading to a progressive increase in intracranial pressure. Sustained high intracranial pressure not only compresses brain tissue, causing irreversible damage to neurological function, but in more severe cases, it can directly cause brain herniation, endangering the patient's life. Therefore, continuous monitoring and timely intervention of the progression of cerebral edema are core tasks of critical care nursing in neurology. Currently, one of the important clinical methods for reducing intracranial pressure is positional management, which involves elevating the patient's head to a 25° to 30° head-up, feet-down position to utilize gravity to assist cerebrospinal fluid return, thereby effectively reducing intracranial pressure. Simultaneously, cold stimulation of the carotid artery region can constrict cerebral blood vessels and reduce cerebral blood flow, and has also been proven to be an effective physical therapy for reducing cerebral edema.

[0003] However, current clinical equipment for monitoring and intervening in cerebral edema is severely inadequate. The gold standard for cerebral edema monitoring is invasive intracranial pressure monitoring, which requires inserting a probe after drilling a hole in the skull. This procedure is not only complex and carries a high risk of infection, but it is also only suitable for a limited number of patients in intensive care units and cannot be widely used in general wards or during the recovery period. Non-invasive monitoring techniques, such as transcranial Doppler ultrasound and optic nerve sheath diameter measurement, avoid trauma, but these are intermittent bedside procedures and cannot provide continuous dynamic monitoring of the progression of cerebral edema. It is often only discovered after the patient develops obvious clinical symptoms, missing the optimal intervention window. The lack of a non-invasive, continuous, and real-time monitoring device that can reflect the changing trends of cerebral edema makes it difficult for nursing staff to promptly grasp the dynamic evolution of the patient's intracranial state.

[0004] In the intervention of cerebral edema, current positioning management mainly relies on nurses manually adjusting the angle of the bed, using a fixed elevation angle for a "one-size-fits-all" approach, which cannot make fine adjustments according to the dynamic changes in the patient's cerebral edema degree. When cerebral edema worsens, nurses often cannot detect it in time, resulting in a delayed response to positioning intervention and an inability to take effective measures in time before intracranial pressure rises sharply. More importantly, positioning management and cold stimulation physical therapy are completely separated in current clinical practice and are performed separately by nurses, which not only increases the nursing workload but also fails to achieve the synergistic effect of the two intervention methods. In addition, there are significant differences in the physiological curves of the head and neck among different patients, and ordinary head pillows cannot achieve individualized fit. Prolonged prone or head-elevated positions can easily cause local pressure injuries, affecting patient comfort and compliance. According to clinical observations, about 30% of patients with severe cerebral edema have poor neurological prognosis due to improper positioning management or untimely intervention, and some patients even lose the opportunity for rescue due to brain herniation.

[0005] In summary, existing neurological nursing equipment cannot simultaneously address the two interconnected clinical challenges of continuous non-invasive monitoring of cerebral edema and postural intervention. There is an urgent need for an intelligent nursing device that can integrate "monitoring-judgment-intervention" to improve the quality of care and treatment success rate for critically ill neurological patients. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to propose a device for monitoring cerebral edema and adjusting body position for neurological patients. This device comprises a three-section electrically driven floating bed consisting of a head support area, a trunk support area, and a lower limb support area. A C-shaped head and neck support with a lifting and adjusting mechanism is fixedly installed at the head position of the three-section electrically driven floating bed. Inside the C-shaped head and neck support is a pericranial airbag array consisting of a forehead airbag, a temporal airbag, and an occipital airbag. A thin-film pressure sensor is fixedly installed inside each airbag. Simultaneously, a matrix-type pressure sensor array consisting of multiple thin-film pressure sensing units arranged in a matrix is ​​fixedly installed at the interface between the C-shaped head and neck support and the patient's head. On the inner side of the C-shaped head and neck support, corresponding to the patient's carotid artery position, left and right neck stimulation units consisting of a semiconductor cooling chip, a thermally conductive copper plate, and a temperature sensor are symmetrically fixedly installed. A main lifting mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the three-section electrically driven floating bed. The body position adjustment mechanism, consisting of a lowering component, a first electric rotating shaft, and a second electric rotating shaft, is equipped with a central controller electrically connected to the three-section electrically driven floating bed, the pericranial airbag array, the pressure sensor group, the cold and heat stimulation module, and the body position adjustment mechanism. This allows for real-time monitoring of the pericranial airbag pressure changes via the pressure sensor group to non-invasively assess the progression of cerebral edema. The central controller automatically controls the body position adjustment mechanism based on the pressure change rate to adjust the angle between the head support area and the trunk support area, creating a head-high, feet-low position. Simultaneously, it coordinates with the cold and heat stimulation module to apply cold stimulation to the carotid artery region. This achieves a closed-loop management system linking cerebral edema monitoring, body position intervention, and cold stimulation physical therapy. This addresses the technical problems of existing cerebral edema monitoring methods being invasive and unable to provide continuous dynamic monitoring, body position management failing to automatically adjust according to the degree of cerebral edema, and the separation of cold stimulation and body position intervention leading to delayed intervention and poor coordination.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A device for monitoring cerebral edema and adjusting body position for neurological patients includes a fixed base. A three-section electrically driven floating bed is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the fixed base. A head and neck support assembly is fixedly mounted at the head position of the three-section electrically driven floating bed. A pericranial airbag array is fixedly mounted inside the head and neck support assembly. A pressure sensor group is fixedly mounted inside the pericranial airbag array. A hot and cold stimulation module is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the head and neck support assembly corresponding to the patient's carotid artery. A body position adjustment mechanism is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the three-section electrically driven floating bed. A control box is fixedly mounted on the side of the fixed base. The control box is connected to the three-section electrically driven floating bed, the pericranial airbag array, the pressure sensor group, the hot and cold stimulation module, and the body position adjustment mechanism via wiring.

[0009] Furthermore, the three-section electrically driven floating bed includes a three-section bed board and a deflection and lifting bed frame; the three-section bed board is divided into a head support area, a trunk support area, and a lower limb support area along the head-to-tail direction of the patient; a pressure-controlled flexible air cushion is uniformly fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the three-section bed board; the deflection and lifting bed frame includes an electrically driven deflection base and an electric telescopic rod; the electrically driven deflection base is slidably disposed on the upper end of the fixed base; the bottom end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the electrically driven deflection base, and the top end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-section bed board.

[0010] Furthermore, the head and neck support assembly includes a head and neck support base, a lifting and adjusting mechanism, and a C-shaped head and neck support; the head and neck support base is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the head support area of ​​the three-section electrically driven floating bed; the lifting and adjusting mechanism is fixedly disposed on the upper end of the head and neck support base; and the C-shaped head and neck support is fixedly disposed on the top end of the lifting and adjusting mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the pericranial airbag array includes a forehead airbag, a temporal airbag, and an occipital airbag; the forehead airbag is fixedly disposed on the inner surface of the front part of the C-shaped head and neck brace corresponding to the patient's forehead; the temporal airbag is fixedly disposed on the inner surface of the two wings of the C-shaped head and neck brace corresponding to the patient's temporal region; the occipital airbag is fixedly disposed on the inner surface of the rear part of the C-shaped head and neck brace corresponding to the patient's occipital region; the pericranial airbag array also includes a miniature air pump and a miniature solenoid valve; the miniature air pump is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the head and neck brace base; the forehead airbag, the temporal airbag, and the occipital airbag are each connected to the miniature air pump through independent flexible air guide tubes; and the miniature solenoid valve is fixedly disposed on each of the flexible air guide tubes.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressure sensor group includes a thin-film pressure sensor and a dot matrix pressure sensor array; the thin-film pressure sensor is fixedly disposed inside the forehead airbag, the temporal airbag and the occipital airbag; the dot matrix pressure sensor array is fixedly disposed at the interface between the C-shaped head and neck brace and the patient's head, and the dot matrix pressure sensor array is composed of multiple thin-film pressure sensor units arranged in a matrix.

[0013] Furthermore, the hot and cold stimulation module includes a left neck stimulation unit and a right neck stimulation unit; the left neck stimulation unit and the right neck stimulation unit are symmetrically fixedly disposed on the inner side of the C-shaped head and neck brace corresponding to the positions of the patient's bilateral carotid arteries; each neck stimulation unit includes a semiconductor cooling chip, a thermally conductive copper plate, and a temperature sensor; the cold end of the semiconductor cooling chip is attached to the thermally conductive copper plate; the temperature sensor is fixedly disposed inside the thermally conductive copper plate; a heat sink is fixedly disposed on the hot end of the semiconductor cooling chip; a miniature axial flow fan is fixedly disposed on the side of the heat sink.

[0014] Furthermore, the body position adjustment mechanism includes a main lifting assembly, a first electric rotating shaft, and a second electric rotating shaft; the main lifting assembly is fixedly disposed between the fixed base and the three-section electrically driven floating bed; the first electric rotating shaft is fixedly disposed between the head support area and the torso support area; and the second electric rotating shaft is fixedly disposed between the torso support area and the lower limb support area.

[0015] Furthermore, a central controller, a memory, and a communication module are fixedly installed inside the control chassis; a touch screen is fixedly installed outside the control chassis; the central controller is electrically connected to the three-section electrically driven floating bed, the pericranial airbag array, the pressure sensor group, the cold and heat stimulation module, the body position adjustment mechanism, the memory, the communication module, and the touch screen.

[0016] Furthermore, the communication module is wirelessly connected to the medical station monitoring system.

[0017] Furthermore, the four corners of the bottom of the fixed base are fixed with casters with locking function.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] This invention utilizes a continuous cerebral edema monitoring structure consisting of a pericranial airbag array and a pressure sensor group, an automatic body position adjustment structure consisting of a main lifting component and an electric rotating shaft, a carotid artery cold stimulation structure consisting of a semiconductor cooling chip and a heat-conducting copper plate, and a three-segment electrically driven floating bed that unifies the control of the above structures. This allows for non-invasive reflection of the progression of cerebral edema by utilizing the pressure change trend within the airbags, achieving continuous monitoring of dynamic changes in intracranial pressure. A central controller automatically adjusts the angle between the head support area and the trunk support area based on pressure monitoring data to create an individualized head-high, feet-low position, linking body position intervention with the degree of cerebral edema in real time. Simultaneously, a cold stimulation module is activated to provide physical therapy to the carotid artery region, forming a closed-loop management system of monitoring, assessment, and intervention. This helps solve the problems of high infection risk and inability to provide continuous dynamic monitoring in traditional invasive monitoring methods, effectively avoiding delays in intervention due to lag in body position management response, significantly improving the timeliness and synergy of comprehensive cerebral edema intervention, and reducing the workload of nursing staff in manual monitoring and adjustment.

[0020] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the overall control architecture;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of signal acquisition and control.

[0028] Figure 7 Diagram showing the implementing agency and feedback mechanism;

[0029] Figure 8 Data communication and storage diagram

[0030] Figure 9 This is a partial sectional view of the head and neck brace assembly.

[0031] Reference numerals: 100, Fixed base; 101, Casters; 102, Longitudinal slide rail; 200, Three-section electrically driven floating bed; 210, Three-section bed board; 211, Head support area; 212, Torso support area; 213, Lower limb support area; 220, Deflection lifting bed frame; 221, Electrically driven deflection base; 222, Electrically operated telescopic rod; 300, Head and neck support assembly; 310, Head and neck support base; 320, Lifting adjustment mechanism; 321, Miniature electric push rod; 330, C-shaped head and neck support; 331, Temporal support section; 332. Flexible inner lining layer; 400, pericranial airbag array; 420, temporal airbag; 430, occipital airbag; 510, thin-film pressure sensor; 610, left cervical stimulation unit; 611, semiconductor cooling chip; 612, thermally conductive copper plate; 613, temperature sensor; 614, heat sink; 615, miniature axial flow fan; 620, right cervical stimulation unit; 700, body position adjustment mechanism; 710, main lifting assembly; 711, synchronous lifting electric push rod; 720, first electric rotating shaft; 730, second electric rotating shaft; 800, control box. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0033] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] like Figure 1-9 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention provides a device for monitoring cerebral edema and adjusting body position for neurological patients, comprising a fixed base 100. The fixed base 100 adopts a rectangular frame structure, formed by welding an upper rectangular frame, a lower rectangular frame, and connecting columns. Two longitudinal slide rails 102 are symmetrically fixed along the length direction on the upper end face of the fixed base 100, and the longitudinal slide rails 102 are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the fixed base 100 by countersunk screws. Universal casters 101 with locking function are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom of the fixed base 100 by bolts.

[0036] A three-section electrically driven floating bed 200 is slidably mounted on the upper end of the fixed base 100 via a longitudinal slide rail 102. The three-section electrically driven floating bed 200 includes a three-section bed board 210 and a tilting and lifting bed frame 220. The three-section bed board 210 is divided into three independent sections along the head-to-tail direction of the patient: a head support area 211, a trunk support area 212, and a lower limb support area 213. The three-section bed board 210 is injection molded from medical-grade high-density polyethylene material, with an array of breathable holes arranged in a honeycomb pattern on the upper surface. A pressure-controlled flexible air cushion is uniformly fixed on the upper surface of the three-section bed board 210. The pressure-controlled flexible air cushion consists of a miniature inflatable air pump, a flexible air cushion, and a pressure sensor. The miniature inflatable air pump is fixed to the lower surface of the three-section bed board 210 by screws and is connected to the flexible air cushion through a pipeline. The pressure sensor is connected to the central controller through a signal transmission receiver, and the miniature inflatable air pump is connected to the central controller through wiring.

[0037] The tilting and lifting bed frame 220 includes an electrically driven tilting base 221 and an electrically driven telescopic rod 222. The electrically driven tilting base 221 is slidably mounted on a longitudinal slide rail 102 at the upper end of the fixed base 100. A linear bearing matching the longitudinal slide rail 102 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the electrically driven tilting base 221, and the linear bearing is sleeved on the longitudinal slide rail 102. The electrically driven tilting base 221 integrates a stepper motor and a worm gear reducer. The bottom end of the electrically driven telescopic rod 222 is hinged to the top of the electrically driven tilting base 221 via a hinge support, and the top end of the electrically driven telescopic rod 222 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-section bed board 210 via a ball joint. The head support area 211, the torso support area 212, and the lower limb support area 213 are each independently configured with a tilting and lifting bed frame 220.

[0038] A head and neck support assembly 300 is fixedly installed at the head position of the three-section electrically driven floating bed 200. The head and neck support assembly 300 includes a head and neck support base 310, a lifting and adjusting mechanism 320, and a C-shaped head and neck support 330. The head and neck support base 310 is integrally milled from 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and has an I-shaped structure. The head and neck support base 310 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the head support area 211 of the three-section electrically driven floating bed 200 by multiple sets of internal hexagonal head screws.

[0039] The lifting and adjusting mechanism 320 includes two sets of parallel miniature electric actuators 321. The bottom end of the miniature electric actuator 321 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the head and neck support base 310 via a flange, and the top end of the miniature electric actuator 321 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the C-shaped head and neck support 330 via a flange. An elastic shock-absorbing pad is provided between the flange and the top end of the miniature electric actuator 321. The elastic shock-absorbing pad is made of silicone rubber material with a Shore hardness of A50 and is fixedly attached to the flange with adhesive.

[0040] The C-shaped head and neck brace 330 has a forward-facing C-shaped ring structure, composed of an inner layer, an outer layer, and a middle filling layer. Both the inner and outer layers are injection-molded from medical-grade polycarbonate material, while the middle filling layer is made of slow-rebound memory foam, bonded to the inner and outer layers via a hot-pressing process. The two side wings of the C-shaped head and neck brace 330 extend towards the back of the ears, forming a temporal support portion 331, which is integrally injection-molded with the main body of the C-shaped head and neck brace 330. The inner surface of the C-shaped head and neck brace 330 is entirely covered by a flexible inner lining layer 332. The flexible inner lining layer 332 is thermoformed from a medical-grade thermoplastic polyurethane film, and its surface has micro-protrusions integrally molded with the flexible inner lining layer 332. The flexible inner lining layer 332 and the C-shaped head and neck support 330 are connected by a detachable buckle. The male buckle is fixedly set on the back of the flexible inner lining layer 332, and the female buckle is fixedly set on the inner surface of the C-shaped head and neck support 330.

[0041] A pericranial airbag array 400 is fixedly installed inside the C-shaped head and neck brace 330. The pericranial airbag array 400 includes a forehead airbag, a temporal airbag 420, and an occipital airbag 430. The forehead airbag has an arc-shaped structure and is fixed to the inner front surface of the C-shaped head and neck brace 330 corresponding to the patient's forehead position via Velcro. The hook side of the Velcro is fixed to the outer wall of the forehead airbag, and the loop side of the Velcro is fixed to the inner front surface of the C-shaped head and neck brace 330. The temporal airbag 420 has an elliptical structure and is symmetrically arranged on both sides. The temporal airbag 420 is fixed to the inner surface of the two wings of the C-shaped head and neck brace 330 corresponding to the patient's temporal position via snaps. The male snap is fixed to the outer wall of the temporal airbag 420, and the female snap is fixed to the inner surface of the temporal support 331. The occipital airbag 430 has a circular structure with a through hole in the center. The occipital airbag 430 is fixed to the inner rear surface of the C-shaped head and neck brace 330 at the position corresponding to the patient's occipital region by Velcro.

[0042] The pericranial airbag array 400 also includes miniature air pumps and miniature solenoid valves. The miniature air pumps are fixed to the side wall of the head and neck support base 310 via shock-absorbing pads and screws. The forehead airbag, temporal airbag 420, and occipital airbag 430 are each connected to the miniature air pump via independent flexible air delivery tubes. These flexible air delivery tubes are made of medical-grade silicone tubing. One end of the flexible air delivery tube is inserted into the interface of the airbag and secured with a cable tie, while the other end is inserted into the air outlet of the miniature air pump and secured with a cable tie. Miniature solenoid valves are connected in series to each flexible air delivery tube. The miniature solenoid valves are connected to the flexible air delivery tubes via pipe fittings, and their valve bodies are fixed to the side wall of the head and neck support base 310 via clamps.

[0043] A pressure sensor array is fixedly installed inside the pericranial airbag array 400. The pressure sensor array includes a thin-film pressure sensor 510 and a dot matrix pressure sensor array. The thin-film pressure sensors 510 are fixedly installed inside the forehead airbag, the temporal airbag 420, and the occipital airbag 430. Three thin-film pressure sensors 510 are fixedly installed in each airbag, arranged in an equilateral triangle. The thin-film pressure sensors 510 are fixedly attached to the inner wall of the airbag with adhesive, and the thin-film pressure sensors 510 are connected to the signal conditioning circuit board through a flexible FPC cable.

[0044] A dot matrix pressure sensor array is fixedly disposed between the flexible inner liner 332 and the C-shaped head and neck support 330. The dot matrix pressure sensor array is composed of multiple thin-film pressure sensing units arranged in a matrix. The dot matrix pressure sensor array is manufactured using flexible circuit board technology, with an overall thickness of 0.8 mm. The back of the dot matrix pressure sensor array is fixedly attached to the inner surface of the C-shaped head and neck support 330 with double-sided adhesive, and the front of the dot matrix pressure sensor array is attached to the back of the flexible inner liner 332. The dot matrix pressure sensor array is connected to the signal conditioning circuit board via an SPI bus.

[0045] A thermal stimulation module is fixedly installed on the inner side of the C-shaped neck brace 330, corresponding to the patient's carotid artery position. The thermal stimulation module includes a left neck stimulation unit 610 and a right neck stimulation unit 620, symmetrically fixed on the inner side of the C-shaped neck brace 330 corresponding to the patient's bilateral carotid artery positions. Each neck stimulation unit includes a thermoelectric cooler 611, a thermally conductive copper plate 612, a temperature sensor 613, and a heat sink 614. The cold end of the thermoelectric cooler 611 is bonded to the thermally conductive copper plate 612 via thermally conductive silicone grease, which is evenly applied to the contact surface. A medical-grade silicone protective layer is provided on the contact surface between the thermally conductive copper plate 612 and the patient's neck skin, and this medical-grade silicone protective layer is fixedly bonded to the thermally conductive copper plate 612 using adhesive. The temperature sensor 613 is fixedly installed inside the thermally conductive copper plate 612 using thermally conductive adhesive, and the leads of the temperature sensor 613 are connected to a signal conditioning circuit board via flexible wires. The hot end of the thermoelectric cooler 611 is attached to the heat sink 614 via thermal grease. The heat sink 614 is made of 6063 aluminum alloy and has a finned structure. The heat sink 614 is fixedly connected to the substrate of the thermoelectric cooler 611 by screws. A miniature axial fan 615 is fixedly mounted on the side of the heat sink 614 via a bracket, and the exhaust surface of the miniature axial fan 615 is aligned with the fins of the heat sink 614.

[0046] A body position adjustment mechanism 700 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the three-section electrically driven floating bed 200. The body position adjustment mechanism 700 includes a main lifting assembly 710, a first electric rotating shaft 720, and a second electric rotating shaft 730. The main lifting assembly 710 includes four sets of synchronous lifting electric push rods 711. The bottom end of the synchronous lifting electric push rod 711 is hinged to the fixed base 100 through a hinge support. The hinge support is fixedly connected to the fixed base 100 by welding. The bottom end of the synchronous lifting electric push rod 711 is hinged to the hinge support through a pin. The top end of the synchronous lifting electric push rod 711 is hinged to the bottom frame of the three-section electrically driven floating bed 200 through a ball joint. The ball head of the ball joint is threadedly connected to the top end of the synchronous lifting electric push rod 711. The ball seat of the ball joint is fixedly connected to the bottom frame of the three-section electrically driven floating bed 200 by welding.

[0047] A first electric rotating shaft 720 is fixedly disposed between the head support area 211 and the torso support area 212. The first electric rotating shaft 720 has a hollow structure. The housing of the first electric rotating shaft 720 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the torso support area 212 via a flange, and the rotating shaft of the first electric rotating shaft 720 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the head support area 211 via a flange. A second electric rotating shaft 730 is fixedly disposed between the torso support area 212 and the lower limb support area 213. The second electric rotating shaft 730 has a hollow structure. The housing of the second electric rotating shaft 730 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the torso support area 212 via a flange, and the rotating shaft of the second electric rotating shaft 730 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower limb support area 213 via a flange. Both the first electric rotating shaft 720 and the second electric rotating shaft 730 integrate a DC brushless motor, a planetary gear reducer, and an absolute encoder.

[0048] A control chassis 800 is fixedly mounted on the side of the fixed base 100 by welding. The control chassis 800 is made of steel plate by bending and welding, and the surface is treated with electrostatic spraying. The control chassis 800 internally houses a central controller, memory, power module, and communication module. The central controller is a high-performance microcontroller, fixed to the circuit board mounting plate at the bottom of the control chassis 800 by studs and screws. The memory includes NAND Flash and DDR3 SDRAM, which are surface-mounted and soldered onto the circuit board of the central controller. The power module uses a medical-grade isolated power supply, fixed to the power mounting bracket at the bottom of the control chassis 800 by screws. The input terminals of the power module are connected to an external power cord, and the output terminals of the power module are connected to the power input terminals of the central controller, memory, communication module, and each actuator via wires. The communication module includes a Wi-Fi module and a Bluetooth module, which are connected to the circuit board of the central controller via pin headers.

[0049] A touch screen is fixedly installed on the outside of the control chassis 800. The touch screen is embedded in the opening of the front panel of the control chassis 800. The touch screen is sealed to the front panel of the control chassis 800 by sealing strips. The back of the touch screen is connected to the circuit board of the central controller by FPC cable.

[0050] The central controller is electrically connected via lines to the deflection lifting bed frame 220 of the three-section electrically driven floating bed 200, the miniature air pump and miniature solenoid valve of the pericranial airbag array 400, the thin-film pressure sensor 510 and the dot matrix pressure sensor array of the pressure sensor group, the semiconductor cooling chip 611 and the miniature axial flow fan 615 of the cold and heat stimulation module, the main lifting assembly 710 of the body position adjustment mechanism 700, the first electric rotating shaft 720 and the second electric rotating shaft 730, the memory, the communication module and the touch screen.

[0051] In this embodiment, during implementation:

[0052] First, the device is activated via the touchscreen display, and the central controller performs a self-check of the status of each actuator. The central controller then establishes a wireless connection with the medical station monitoring system via the communication module, synchronizing patient information and downloading preset nursing parameters.

[0053] The three-section electrically driven floating bed 200 is activated by the central controller, which controls the four sets of synchronously lifting electric push rods 711 of the main lifting assembly 710 in the body position adjustment mechanism 700 to rise synchronously, raising the entire three-section electrically driven floating bed 200 to the working height. Simultaneously, the first electric rotating shaft 720 and the second electric rotating shaft 730 are controlled to adjust the head support area 211 to an angle of 8 degrees with the horizontal plane, the torso support area 212 to a horizontal position, and the lower limb support area 213 to an angle of 5 degrees with the horizontal plane, forming a basic body position with the head higher than the feet. At this time, the pressure-controlled flexible air cushion is in an uninflated state.

[0054] The patient lies supine on a three-section electrically driven floating bed 200, with their head placed within a C-shaped head and neck support 330. Once the patient is supine, the central controller activates the miniature electric actuator 321 of the lifting and adjusting mechanism 320, raising and lowering the C-shaped head and neck support 330 to a comfortable position for the patient's head and neck. The flexible inner lining 332 of the C-shaped head and neck support 330 conforms to the patient's head and neck, and a dot-matrix pressure sensor array begins collecting head and neck pressure distribution data, which is displayed in real-time on a touchscreen display.

[0055] Once the patient's head position is determined, the central controller activates the miniature air pumps of the pericranial airbag array 400, inflating the forehead, temporal, and occipital airbags 420 and 430 respectively through flexible air delivery tubes. Simultaneously, the pressure values ​​of each airbag are monitored in real time by a thin-film pressure sensor 510. The central controller employs a PID control algorithm for closed-loop control of the airbag pressure. The formula for the PID control algorithm is:

[0056]

[0057] u(t) is the control output, and e(t) is the deviation between the set pressure value and the actual pressure value. The scaling factor is set to 0.8. The integral coefficient is set to 0.05. The differential coefficient is set to 0.2. During inflation, when the pressure of the forehead airbag reaches 3 kPa, the pressure of the temporal airbag 420 reaches 4 kPa, and the pressure of the occipital airbag 430 reaches 5 kPa, inflation is stopped and held for 30 seconds.

[0058] During inflation, a dot-matrix pressure sensor array monitors the pressure distribution in different areas of the head and neck in real time. The central controller calculates the pressure distribution uniformity index, which is the standard deviation of the pressure values ​​of all thin-film pressure sensor units. When the standard deviation of the pressure distribution exceeds 1.5 kPa, the central controller determines that the pressure distribution is uneven. If the local pressure peak exceeds 15 kPa, the corresponding airbag's micro-solenoid valve is opened to release pressure in 0.5 kPa increments until the peak value drops below 15 kPa. If a depression with a pressure value below 2 kPa appears, the corresponding airbag's micro-air pump is controlled to replenish air in 0.5 kPa increments until the pressure value in the depression rises above 2 kPa. After multiple rounds of iterative adjustments, the standard deviation of the head and neck pressure distribution is reduced to less than 1.5 kPa, completing personalized pressure adaptation. The central controller records the current pressure value of each airbag as the baseline pressure and establishes a head and neck pressure distribution map, which is stored in memory.

[0059] After the patient enters the monitoring state, the central controller collects the pressure values ​​of the thin-film pressure sensors 510 of each airbag and the pressure distribution data of the dot matrix pressure sensor array every 30 seconds. The central controller then displays the real-time pressure values. Compared with the baseline pressure Compare and calculate the rate of pressure change:

[0060]

[0061] Simultaneously calculate the slope of the pressure change trend. It is the average rate of change of three consecutive measurements.

[0062] When the pressure change rate ΔP is measured three times consecutively, and When the value is positive, the central controller determines that there is a risk of mild cerebral edema progression. At this time, the central controller controls the first electric rotating shaft 720 to slowly raise the head support area 211 to an angle of 15 degrees with the horizontal plane at a speed of 1 degree per second, and at the same time controls the second electric rotating shaft 730 to adjust the trunk support area 212 to an angle of -3 degrees with the horizontal plane at a speed of 0.5 degrees per second, forming a head-high-feet-low position for reinforcement.

[0063] When the pressure change rate ΔP exceeds 15%, and the absolute pressure values ​​of each airbag exceed preset thresholds (12 kPa for the frontal airbag, 15 kPa for the temporal airbag 420, and 18 kPa for the occipital airbag 430), the central controller determines that there is a risk of severe cerebral edema. At this time, the central controller issues a level three alarm signal, transmits real-time pressure data and alarm information to the medical station monitoring system through the communication module, and simultaneously displays a flashing red alarm on the touch screen.

[0064] The central controller controls the first electric rotating shaft 720 to quickly raise the head support area 211 to an angle of 25 degrees with the horizontal plane at a speed of 2 degrees per second, and controls the second electric rotating shaft 730 to adjust the torso support area 212 to an angle of -5 degrees with the horizontal plane at a speed of 1 degree per second. At the same time, it controls the main lifting assembly 710 to adjust the synchronous lifting electric push rod 711 corresponding to the lower limb support area 213, so that the lower limb support area 213 is raised to an angle of 10 degrees with the horizontal plane, forming a modified head-high-feet-low position.

[0065] Simultaneously, the central controller activates the thermal stimulation module: energizing the semiconductor cooling chip 611 and using a PID temperature control algorithm to lower the temperature of the heat-conducting copper plate 612 to 15 degrees Celsius. The PID temperature control algorithm is the same as the pressure control algorithm, with a temperature setpoint of 15 degrees Celsius and a proportional gain... Take 0.6 as the integral coefficient. Take 0.03 as the differential coefficient. The value is 0.1. Temperature sensor 613 monitors the temperature of heat-conducting copper plate 612 in real time. The central controller controls the power of semiconductor cooling chip 611 through PWM signal to stabilize the temperature within a range of 15 degrees ± 1 degree. After the cold stimulation lasts for 5 minutes, the central controller controls the semiconductor cooling chip 611 to be powered off, and the miniature axial fan 615 continues to run for 2 minutes to assist in heat dissipation. After a 2-minute pause, the cold stimulation is restarted, and the cycle repeats.

[0066] After 30 minutes of postural adjustment and cold stimulation intervention, the central controller reassessed the rate of change of pressure (ΔP). When ΔP dropped below 10%, the current position was maintained and the cold stimulation cycle continued; when ΔP remained above 15%, an emergency alarm was sent to the medical station again, prompting medical staff to initiate drug intervention or imaging examinations.

[0067] During monitoring, the central controller rapidly acquires the pressure values ​​of the membrane pressure sensors 510 of each airbag at a rate of 1 second, and calculates the instantaneous pressure change rate:

[0068]

[0069] When ΔP / Δt exceeds 2 kPa per second, it is considered a sudden pressure change. At this time, the central controller controls the corresponding micro-solenoid valve of the inflator to open, rapidly depressurizing at a rate of 5 kPa per second. After depressurization reaches 80% of the baseline pressure, the micro-solenoid valve closes to stop depressurization. Simultaneously, a "patient agitation" prompt message is displayed on the touch screen.

[0070] If more than three sudden pressure changes occur consecutively within 30 seconds, the central controller determines that the patient is in a state of persistent agitation. At this time, the central controller controls the first electric rotating shaft 720 to raise the head support area 211 by 5 degrees at a rate of 1 degree per second, enhancing the stability of head restraint; at the same time, it controls the micro air pump to replenish and pressurize the occipital airbag 430 to 120% of the baseline pressure, providing additional head support. The central controller sends a "patient agitation" alert to the nursing staff's handheld terminal via the communication module.

[0071] For patients diagnosed with a risk of cerebral edema, nursing staff set cold stimulation parameters via a touchscreen display: target temperature of 12 degrees Celsius, stimulation duration of 5 minutes, interval of 30 minutes, and a total of 6 cycles. The central controller automatically executes the cold stimulation cycle according to the set parameters. At the beginning of each cycle, the central controller first collects the pressure values ​​of the membrane pressure sensors 510 of each airbag as the pre-intervention baseline. After the cold stimulation is initiated, the thermoelectric cooler 611 begins cooling, and the temperature of the heat-conducting copper plate 612 drops to 12 degrees Celsius within 30 seconds. The central controller monitors the temperature in real time through the temperature sensor 613 and uses a PID algorithm to stabilize the temperature within a range of ±0.5 degrees Celsius of 12 degrees Celsius. During the continuous cold stimulation, the central controller collects the airbag pressure values ​​at a frequency of once per minute and calculates the pressure change trend. After the cold stimulation ends, the thermoelectric cooler 611 stops working, the miniature axial fan 615 continues to run for 2 minutes to assist in heat dissipation, and the temperature of the heat-conducting copper plate 612 naturally rises back to room temperature. After each cold stimulation cycle, the central controller generates an intervention report, which includes data such as pre-intervention pressure value, post-intervention pressure value, percentage decrease in pressure, and temperature control curve. This report is stored in the memory and synchronized to the medical station monitoring system.

[0072] After the patient falls asleep, the central controller automatically switches to nighttime monitoring mode, collecting head and neck pressure distribution data from a matrix pressure sensor array every 5 minutes. The central controller compares the current pressure distribution map with a baseline pressure distribution map stored in memory to calculate the pressure distribution change matrix. When the central controller detects displacement of the patient's head within the C-shaped head and neck brace 330, it determines whether the new pressure distribution is uniform by analyzing the pressure distribution changes in the matrix pressure sensor array. When a local pressure peak exceeds 12 kPa, the central controller initiates a positional fine-tuning procedure.

[0073] When the pressure peak is located in the occipital region, the central controller controls the micro-solenoid valve corresponding to the occipital airbag 430 to open, depressurizing by 2 kPa at a rate of 1 kPa per second. Simultaneously, it controls the micro-electric push rod 321 of the lifting adjustment mechanism 320 to descend by 2 mm at a rate of 0.5 mm per second. When the pressure peak is located in the temporal region, the central controller controls the micro-solenoid valve corresponding to the ipsilateral temporal airbag 420 to open, depressurizing by 1.5 kPa at a rate of 0.8 kPa per second. Simultaneously, it controls the micro-air pump corresponding to the contralateral temporal airbag 420 to start, replenishing air by 1 kPa at a rate of 0.5 kPa per second, guiding the patient's head to slightly deflect to the contralateral side. The entire positional fine-tuning process adopts a gradual adjustment strategy, with each adjustment step being 20% ​​of the set value, completed in 5 steps, with each adjustment spaced 5 seconds apart, to avoid startling the patient with a large adjustment at once.

[0074] When a patient needs to get out of bed, caregivers select the bed-getting assistance mode via a touchscreen display. The central controller first stops all ongoing cold stimulation interventions, and the semiconductor cooling chip 611 is de-energized. Then, it controls the opening of the miniature solenoid valves in the pericranial airbag array 400, causing the forehead, temporal, and occipital airbags 420 and 430 to slowly depressurize at a rate of 2 kPa, reducing the pressure in each airbag to below 1 kPa. Next, it controls the miniature axial fan 615 of the thermal stimulation module to continue running for 30 seconds, ensuring that the temperature of the heat sink 614 drops to room temperature.

[0075] Finally, the body position adjustment mechanism 700 executes the bed-off position: the first electric rotating shaft 720 raises the head support area 211 at a speed of 2 degrees per second to an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane. After a 15-second delay, the second electric rotating shaft 730 raises the trunk support area 212 at a speed of 1.5 degrees per second to an angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal plane. After another 15-second delay, the four sets of synchronously lifting electric push rods 711 of the main lifting assembly 710 keep the lower limb support area 213 in a horizontal position, forming a semi-recumbent position. After the patient gets off the bed, the nursing staff selects the reset mode through the touch screen. The central controller controls the reset of each actuator: all the micro solenoid valves of the pericranial airbag array 400 are fully opened, the airbags are fully depressurized, the micro electric push rods 321 of the lifting adjustment mechanism 320 descend to the lowest position, the first electric rotating shaft 720 and the second electric rotating shaft 730 return to the initial horizontal position, the main lifting assembly 710 descends to the lowest position, and the equipment enters standby mode.

[0076] This embodiment achieves a closed-loop linkage between non-invasive continuous monitoring of cerebral edema and postural intervention by setting up a nursing device that simultaneously incorporates a pericranial airbag monitoring structure, an automatic body position adjustment structure, and a carotid artery cold stimulation structure. The pericranial airbag array 400, in conjunction with the pressure sensor group, non-invasively reflects the progression of cerebral edema by utilizing the pressure change trend within the airbags, enabling continuous monitoring of dynamic changes in intracranial pressure and overcoming the shortcomings of traditional invasive monitoring, which carries a high risk of infection and cannot provide continuous dynamic monitoring. The linkage between the body position adjustment mechanism 700 and the central controller allows the head-up, feet-down angle to automatically adjust according to the pressure change rate, achieving real-time matching of postural intervention with the degree of cerebral edema and solving the problem of delayed intervention due to lag in postural management response. The coordinated control of the hot and cold stimulation module and the body position adjustment mechanism 700 enables physical therapy and postural management to form a joint intervention, significantly improving the timeliness and synergy of comprehensive intervention for cerebral edema. The entire device forms a closed-loop management system of monitoring, judgment, and intervention, effectively reducing the workload of nursing staff in manual monitoring and adjustment, and improving the accuracy and safety of nursing care for critically ill neurological patients.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring cerebral edema and adjusting body position in neurological patients, characterized in that: The device includes a fixed base, on the upper end of which a three-section electrically driven floating bed is fixedly mounted; a head and neck support assembly is fixedly mounted at the head position of the three-section electrically driven floating bed; a pericranial airbag array is fixedly mounted inside the head and neck support assembly; a pressure sensor group is fixedly mounted inside the pericranial airbag array; a hot and cold stimulation module is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the head and neck support assembly corresponding to the patient's carotid artery; a body position adjustment mechanism is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the three-section electrically driven floating bed; and a control box is fixedly mounted on the side of the fixed base. The control box is connected to the three-section electrically driven floating bed, the pericranial airbag array, the pressure sensor group, the hot and cold stimulation module, and the body position adjustment mechanism via wiring.

2. The cerebral edema monitoring and position adjustment device for neurological patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-section electrically driven floating bed includes a three-section bed board and a deflection and lifting bed frame; the three-section bed board is divided into a head support area, a trunk support area, and a lower limb support area along the head-to-tail direction of the patient; a pressure-controlled flexible air cushion is uniformly fixedly installed on the upper surface of the three-section bed board; the deflection and lifting bed frame includes an electrically driven deflection base and an electric telescopic rod; the electrically driven deflection base is slidably installed on the upper end of the fixed base; the bottom end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the electrically driven deflection base, and the top end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-section bed board.

3. The cerebral edema monitoring and position adjustment device for neurological patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head and neck support assembly includes a head and neck support base, a lifting and adjusting mechanism, and a C-shaped head and neck support; the head and neck support base is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the head support area of ​​the three-section electrically driven floating bed; the lifting and adjusting mechanism is fixedly disposed on the upper end of the head and neck support base; and the C-shaped head and neck support is fixedly disposed on the top end of the lifting and adjusting mechanism.

4. The cerebral edema monitoring and position adjustment device for neurological patients according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pericranial airbag array includes a forehead airbag, a temporal airbag, and an occipital airbag. The forehead airbag is fixedly disposed on the inner surface of the front part of the C-shaped head and neck support, corresponding to the patient's forehead. The temporal airbag is fixedly disposed on the inner surface of the two wings of the C-shaped head and neck support, corresponding to the patient's temporal region. The occipital airbag is fixedly disposed on the inner surface of the rear part of the C-shaped head and neck support, corresponding to the patient's occipital region. The pericranial airbag array also includes a miniature air pump and a miniature solenoid valve. The miniature air pump is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the head and neck support base. The forehead airbag, the temporal airbag, and the occipital airbag are each connected to the miniature air pump through independent flexible air guide tubes. Each of the flexible air guide tubes is fixedly disposed with a miniature solenoid valve.

5. The cerebral edema monitoring and position adjustment device for neurological patients according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure sensor group includes a thin-film pressure sensor and a dot matrix pressure sensor array; the thin-film pressure sensor is fixedly disposed inside the forehead airbag, the temporal airbag and the occipital airbag; The dot matrix pressure sensor array is fixedly installed at the interface between the C-shaped head and neck brace and the patient's head. The dot matrix pressure sensor array is composed of multiple thin-film pressure sensor units arranged in a matrix.

6. The cerebral edema monitoring and body position adjustment device for neurological patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot and cold stimulation module includes a left neck stimulation unit and a right neck stimulation unit; the left neck stimulation unit and the right neck stimulation unit are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the inner side of the C-shaped head and neck brace corresponding to the positions of the patient's bilateral carotid arteries; each neck stimulation unit includes a semiconductor cooling chip, a thermally conductive copper plate, and a temperature sensor; the cold end of the semiconductor cooling chip is attached to the thermally conductive copper plate; the temperature sensor is fixedly arranged inside the thermally conductive copper plate; a heat sink is fixedly arranged on the hot end of the semiconductor cooling chip; a miniature axial flow fan is fixedly arranged on the side of the heat sink.

7. The cerebral edema monitoring and position adjustment device for neurological patients according to claim 2, characterized in that: The body position adjustment mechanism includes a main lifting assembly, a first electric rotating shaft, and a second electric rotating shaft; the main lifting assembly is fixedly disposed between the fixed base and the three-section electrically driven floating bed; the first electric rotating shaft is fixedly disposed between the head support area and the torso support area; and the second electric rotating shaft is fixedly disposed between the torso support area and the lower limb support area.

8. The cerebral edema monitoring and position adjustment device for neurological patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control cabinet is internally equipped with a central controller, a memory, and a communication module; the control cabinet is externally equipped with a touch screen display; the central controller is electrically connected to the three-section electrically driven floating bed, the pericranial airbag array, the pressure sensor group, the hot and cold stimulation module, the body position adjustment mechanism, the memory, the communication module, and the touch screen display.

9. A device for monitoring cerebral edema and adjusting body position for neurological patients according to claim 8, characterized in that: The communication module is wirelessly connected to the medical station monitoring system.

10. A device for monitoring cerebral edema and adjusting body position for neurological patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four corners of the bottom of the fixed base are fixed with universal wheels with locking function.

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