Automatic fire extinguishing system and method for large-load elevator transportation of new energy vehicles

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic fire extinguishing system and method for transporting new energy vehicles in heavy-duty elevators. The system includes: a composite detection module for detecting characteristic gases and temperature gradient changes in lithium battery thermal runaway; a control module electrically connected to the composite detection module for receiving detection signals and performing graded judgments based on these signals; a precision fire extinguishing module electrically connected to the control module, comprising a fire extinguishing agent storage container and a flexible, steerable nozzle, which automatically steers under the command of the control module and sprays the fire extinguishing agent towards the detected thermal runaway area; and an elevator linkage module communicatively connected to the elevator main controller for controlling the elevator to move to a safe floor in the event of a fire. This invention achieves early warning of thermal runaway through graded detection, avoids secondary damage through non-conductive fire extinguishing agents, and ensures passenger escape through linkage with the elevator system, effectively solving the fire safety problem in scenarios involving the transport of new energy vehicles in heavy-duty elevators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety technology for transporting new energy vehicles using heavy-duty elevators, and specifically to an automatic fire extinguishing system and method for transporting new energy vehicles using heavy-duty elevators. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth in the number of new energy vehicles, the demand for using high-capacity elevators to transport these vehicles to high-rise parking garages, residential underground garages, cross-sea (river) transportation, or car showrooms is increasing. However, the lithium batteries in new energy vehicles may experience thermal runaway when subjected to impacts, compression, excessive vibration, or defects in the batteries themselves, which could lead to fires or even explosions.

[0003] Existing elevator fire suppression systems have the following technical shortcomings: 1. Insufficient versatility: Existing elevator cars are generally equipped with ordinary dry powder fire extinguishers or water fire extinguishing devices (or not equipped at all). However, water fire extinguishing may cause short circuits in high-voltage electrical systems, while dry powder fire extinguishing may cause secondary pollution and damage to the elevator's precision components. 2. Lack of targeted detection: Ordinary smoke sensors have a slow response speed and cannot provide early warning of characteristic gases (such as CO, H2, VOCs) released in the early stages of thermal runaway of lithium batteries, often missing the best time to extinguish the fire. 3. Lack of emergency response mechanism: Existing technology does not link with the elevator operation control system during firefighting. If the car is suspended in the middle of the shaft, the toxic fumes generated by the fire will quickly fill the shaft, seriously threatening the escape of passengers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic fire extinguishing system for transporting new energy vehicles in heavy-duty elevators.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An automatic fire extinguishing system for transporting new energy vehicles in a heavy-duty elevator includes: A composite detection module is used to detect characteristic gases and temperature gradient changes in lithium-ion battery thermal runaway. The control module, electrically connected to the composite detection module, is used to receive detection signals and perform hierarchical judgments based on the detection signals; A precision fire suppression module, electrically connected to the control module, includes at least one fire extinguishing agent storage container and at least one set of flexible steerable nozzles. The flexible steerable nozzles automatically steer under the command of the control module and spray fire extinguishing agent at the detected thermal runaway area. The elevator linkage module is electrically connected to the control module and communicatively connected to the elevator main controller, and is used to control the elevator to run to a safe floor in the event of a fire.

[0006] Furthermore, the composite detection module includes a gas sensor array and an infrared thermal imaging device; The gas sensor array is used to detect at least one of CO, H2, and volatile organic compounds; The infrared thermal imaging device is used to monitor the temperature field distribution and temperature rise rate at the bottom of the vehicle.

[0007] Furthermore, the composite detection module is installed on the inner wall or top of the car.

[0008] Furthermore, the control module is configured as follows: when the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold but the temperature rise rate is normal, it is determined as a level one warning, triggering the elevator linkage module to perform an emergency stop; when the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold and the temperature rise rate exceeds the second threshold, it is determined as a level two warning, activating the precision fire extinguishing module for pre-spraying; when an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds the third threshold, it is determined as a level three warning, immediately activating full-volume fire extinguishing and sending an emergency stop signal.

[0009] Furthermore, the system also includes a chassis pressure sensor arranged on the car floor. The chassis pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control module and is used to determine the vehicle's parking position based on the pressure distribution and send the position information to the control module.

[0010] Furthermore, the chassis pressure sensor includes an elastic buffer layer, a heat insulation layer, and a pressure sensor array. The pressure sensor array is uniformly embedded in the elastic buffer layer and is used to detect the vehicle's parking position, attitude, and the contact state between the chassis and the floor.

[0011] Furthermore, the extinguishing agent storage container contains perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent; the flexible steerable nozzle is installed on the top of the car or the lower part of the side wall, and rotates within a range of 180° in both the horizontal and vertical directions under the command of the control module, and automatically aligns with the thermal runaway area based on the position information fed back by the pressure sensor array and the infrared thermal imaging device.

[0012] An automatic fire extinguishing method for transporting new energy vehicles in a heavy-duty elevator includes the following steps: S1, Vehicle Entry Inspection Once the elevator doors open, the pressure sensor array detects the vehicle entering and monitors the vehicle's parking position and attitude in real time. S2, Continuous Monitoring The composite detection module continuously collects air samples from inside the car and continuously monitors the temperature field distribution at the bottom of the vehicle. S3, Grading Judgment If the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold but the rate of temperature rise is normal, it is determined to be a level one warning, triggering the elevator linkage module to run the elevator to the first floor and issue an audible and visual alarm to prompt passengers to evacuate. If the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold and the rate of temperature rise exceeds the second threshold, it is determined to be a level two warning. After the elevator arrives at the first floor, the precision fire extinguishing module is activated to pre-spray the thermal runaway area. If an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds the third threshold, it is determined to be a level three alarm, and full-capacity fire suppression is immediately activated, and an emergency stop signal is sent. S4, Precision Injection Based on the position information fed back by the pressure sensor array and the infrared thermal imaging device, the control module calculates the spatial coordinates of the thermal runaway region and drives the flexible steerable nozzle to rotate to the corresponding direction for fixed-point spraying.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Graded and precise detection: Through the combined detection of gas sensors and infrared thermal imaging, early warnings can be issued in the early stages of battery thermal runaway (before an open flame is generated), giving passengers valuable time to escape and deal with the situation. 2. Non-destructive fire extinguishing: Perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is non-conductive and leaves no residue. It can effectively extinguish lithium battery fires without causing secondary damage to the precision components of elevators, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional water or dry powder fire extinguishing. 3. Emergency linkage ensures escape: The fire extinguishing system is linked with the elevator control system to ensure that the car automatically moves to the first floor and opens the door in the event of a fire, so as to prevent passengers from being trapped in the shaft. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0017] To illustrate the technical solution described in this invention, specific embodiments are described below.

[0018] Example Please see Figure 1This embodiment provides an automatic fire extinguishing system for transporting new energy vehicles in a heavy-duty elevator. The system is installed inside the elevator car and has an equipment compartment on the top of the car. The system includes a composite detection module, a control module, a precision fire extinguishing module, an elevator linkage module, and a chassis pressure sensor. in: The composite detection module is installed on the inner wall or top of the vehicle cabin and includes a gas sensor array and an infrared thermal imaging device. The gas sensor array is used to detect the characteristic gas of lithium battery thermal runaway, which is at least one of CO, H2, and volatile organic compounds. The infrared thermal imaging device is used to monitor the temperature field distribution and temperature rise rate at the bottom of the vehicle.

[0019] The control module, located in the equipment compartment, is electrically connected to the composite detection module. It receives detection signals and performs graded judgments based on these signals. When the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds a first threshold or the temperature rise rate exceeds a second threshold, it is determined to be the initial stage of battery thermal runaway. When an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds a third threshold, it is determined to be the open flame stage. Specifically, when the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold but the temperature rise rate is normal, it is determined to be a Level 1 warning, triggering the elevator linkage module to perform an emergency stop. When the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold and the temperature rise rate exceeds the second threshold, it is determined to be a Level 2 warning, activating the precision fire extinguishing module for pre-spraying. When an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds the third threshold, it is determined to be a Level 3 warning, immediately initiating full-volume fire extinguishing and sending an emergency stop signal.

[0020] The precision fire suppression module is electrically connected to the control module and includes at least one fire extinguishing agent storage container and at least one set of flexible, steerable nozzles. The fire extinguishing agent storage container is located in the equipment compartment and contains perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent. The flexible, steerable nozzles are installed on the top of the car or the lower part of the side wall and can automatically steer under the command of the control module to spray the fire extinguishing agent at the detected thermal runaway area. In this embodiment, the flexible, steerable nozzles can rotate within a range of 180° in both the horizontal and vertical directions to ensure coverage of the vehicle battery pack location in any area within the car.

[0021] The elevator linkage module is electrically connected to the control module and communicatively connected to the elevator main controller. It is used to: send an emergency stop signal to the elevator main controller when the initial stage of battery thermal runaway is determined, control the elevator to run at a speed not lower than the safe speed to the nearest safe floor or the first floor, and keep the door open; and send an emergency stop signal to cut off the elevator power supply when the open flame stage is determined.

[0022] The chassis pressure sensor is located on the car floor and is electrically connected to the control module. It can determine the vehicle's parking position based on the pressure distribution and send the position information to the control module. Specifically, the chassis pressure sensor includes an elastic buffer layer, a heat insulation layer, and a pressure sensor array. The pressure sensor array is evenly embedded in the elastic buffer layer to detect the vehicle's parking position, attitude, and the contact state between the chassis and the floor.

[0023] The automatic fire extinguishing method of the automatic fire extinguishing system for transporting new energy vehicles in heavy-duty elevators includes the following steps: S1, Vehicle Entry Inspection Once the elevator doors open, the pressure sensor array detects the vehicle entering and monitors the vehicle's parking position and attitude in real time. S2, Continuous Monitoring The composite detection module continuously collects air samples from inside the car and continuously monitors the temperature field distribution at the bottom of the vehicle. S3, Grading Judgment If the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold but the rate of temperature rise is normal, it is determined to be a Level 1 warning (early stage of thermal runaway), triggering the elevator linkage module to move the elevator to the first floor and issue an audible and visual alarm to prompt passengers to evacuate. If the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold and the rate of temperature rise exceeds the second threshold, it is determined to be a level two warning (critical thermal runaway). After the elevator arrives at the first floor, the precision fire extinguishing module is activated to pre-spray the thermal runaway area. If an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds the third threshold, it is determined to be a Level 3 alarm (open flame stage), and full-capacity spray fire suppression is immediately activated, and an emergency stop signal is sent. S4, Precision Injection Based on the position information fed back by the pressure sensor array and the infrared thermal imaging device, the control module calculates the spatial coordinates of the thermal runaway region and drives the flexible steerable nozzle to rotate to the corresponding direction for fixed-point spraying.

[0024] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic fire extinguishing system for heavy load elevator transportation of new energy vehicles, characterized in that, include: A composite detection module is used to detect characteristic gases and temperature gradient changes in lithium-ion battery thermal runaway. The control module, electrically connected to the composite detection module, is used to receive detection signals and perform hierarchical judgments based on the detection signals; A precision fire suppression module, electrically connected to the control module, includes at least one fire extinguishing agent storage container and at least one set of flexible steerable nozzles. The flexible steerable nozzles automatically steer under the command of the control module and spray fire extinguishing agent at the detected thermal runaway area. The elevator linkage module is electrically connected to the control module and communicatively connected to the elevator main controller, and is used to control the elevator to run to a safe floor in the event of a fire.

2. The automatic fire extinguishing system for large load elevator transportation of new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite detection module includes a gas sensor array and an infrared thermal imaging device; The gas sensor array is used to detect at least one of CO, H2, and volatile organic compounds; The infrared thermal imaging device is used to monitor the temperature field distribution and temperature rise rate at the bottom of the vehicle.

3. The automatic fire extinguishing system for large load elevator transportation of new energy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The composite detection module is installed on the inner wall or top of the car.

4. The automatic fire extinguishing system for transporting new energy vehicles in heavy-duty elevators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is configured to: determine a level one warning when the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold but the temperature rise rate is normal, and trigger the elevator linkage module to perform an emergency stop. When the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold and the rate of temperature rise exceeds the second threshold, it is determined to be a level two warning, and the precision fire extinguishing module is activated for pre-spraying; when an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds the third threshold, it is determined to be a level three warning, and full-volume fire extinguishing is immediately activated and an emergency stop signal is sent.

5. The automatic fire extinguishing system for transporting new energy vehicles in heavy-duty elevators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a chassis pressure sensor installed on the car floor. The chassis pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control module and is used to determine the vehicle's parking position based on the pressure distribution and send the position information to the control module.

6. The automatic fire extinguishing system for transporting new energy vehicles in a heavy-duty elevator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The chassis pressure sensor includes an elastic buffer layer, a heat insulation layer, and a pressure sensor array. The pressure sensor array is uniformly embedded in the elastic buffer layer and is used to detect the vehicle's parking position, attitude, and the contact state between the chassis and the floor.

7. The automatic fire extinguishing system for transporting new energy vehicles in heavy-duty elevators according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing agent storage container contains perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent; the flexible steerable nozzle is installed on the top of the car or the lower part of the side wall, and rotates within a range of 180° in both the horizontal and vertical directions under the command of the control module, and automatically aligns with the thermal runaway area based on the position information fed back by the pressure sensor array and the infrared thermal imaging device.

8. An automatic fire extinguishing method for an automatic fire extinguishing system for transporting new energy vehicles in a heavy-duty elevator according to claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Vehicle Entry Inspection When the elevator door opens, the pressure sensor array detects the vehicle entering and monitors the vehicle's parking position and attitude in real time. S2, Continuous Monitoring The composite detection module continuously collects air samples from inside the car and continuously monitors the temperature field distribution at the bottom of the vehicle. S3, Grading Judgment If the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold but the rate of temperature rise is normal, it is determined to be a level one warning, triggering the elevator linkage module to run the elevator to the first floor and issue an audible and visual alarm to prompt passengers to evacuate. If the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds the first threshold and the rate of temperature rise exceeds the second threshold, it is determined to be a level two warning. After the elevator arrives at the first floor, the precision fire extinguishing module is activated to pre-spray the thermal runaway area. If an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds the third threshold, it is determined to be a level three alarm, and full-capacity fire suppression is immediately activated, and an emergency stop signal is sent. S4, Precision Injection Based on the position information fed back by the pressure sensor array and the infrared thermal imaging device, the control module calculates the spatial coordinates of the thermal runaway region and drives the flexible steerable nozzle to rotate to the corresponding direction for fixed-point spraying.

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