Fire extinguishing nozzle and automatic fire extinguishing device for primary air chamber of waste incineration power plant

Abstract

This invention discloses a fire extinguishing nozzle and automatic fire extinguishing device for the primary air chamber of a waste-to-energy plant, belonging to the field of waste-to-energy technology. The fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste-to-energy plant includes a connecting pipe and a cap, and further includes: a cleaning part comprising a sliding sleeve and a scraper, the inner wall of one end of the sliding sleeve being in contact with the outer wall of the cap, and the scraper being located at the end of the sliding sleeve facing the connecting pipe, with its side wall in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe; a driving part comprising a bimetallic strip and a hydraulic drive mechanism, the end of the bimetallic strip driving the sliding sleeve to move towards the end near the connecting pipe until the inner wall of the sliding sleeve near the connecting pipe is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe, thereby cleaning the sludge on the outer wall at the junction of the cap and the connecting pipe; the hydraulic drive mechanism driving the sliding sleeve to rotate when water flows within the pipe orifice of the connecting pipe. The fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste-to-energy plant of this invention can prevent the cap from getting stuck during spray fire extinguishing, thereby ensuring the reliability of the nozzle's operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration power generation, and particularly relates to a primary air chamber fire extinguishing nozzle and an automatic fire extinguishing device for a waste incineration power plant. Background Art

[0002] In the urban domestic waste harmless treatment system, waste incineration power generation has become the mainstream technical path for domestic waste harmless, reduction, and resource utilization due to its prominent advantages such as significant reduction effect, high resource utilization rate, small land occupation scale, and short treatment cycle. The waste incineration boiler is the core key equipment of the incineration power generation system, and the stability of its operating conditions directly determines the waste incineration efficiency, the compliance level of flue gas pollutant emissions, and the safe production operation of the whole plant's units. As an important component of the combustion system of the incineration boiler, the primary air chamber mainly undertakes the function of continuously conveying combustion-supporting air below the grate, providing air flow guarantee for the full, stable, and complete combustion of domestic waste on the grate; its interior is in a harsh environment of high temperature, high dust, and high humidity for a long time, and it is also easy to accumulate waste debris, unburned combustibles, and leachate mixtures dropped from the grate gaps, with complex working conditions and harsh operation and maintenance environments.

[0003] Currently, the automatic fire extinguishing devices supporting the primary air chamber of waste incineration boilers are all equipped with special nozzles. To avoid dust accumulation and blockage in the nozzle pipeline, the nozzles are equipped with a cover structure to normally block the connecting pipe of the nozzle. When a fire triggers water supply, relying on the internal water pressure of the water supply pipeline to drive the cover buckled on the connecting pipe to脱离 the nozzle opening, conducting the flow channel of the connecting pipe, and enabling high-pressure water to spray out from the nozzle to achieve spray fire extinguishing protection for the smoldering and local fire areas in the primary air chamber.

[0004] However, the interior of the primary air chamber is baked at high temperature all year round, with dust flying, complex flue gas components, and high humidity. A large amount of fly ash, tar volatiles, and wet sludge particles are carried in the air. The nozzles of the existing fire extinguishing devices are arranged naked in the primary air chamber for a long time, and there are tiny gaps at the docking joints of the cover and the connecting pipe. Tar is easy to volatilize and condense at high temperature and will adhere to the joint surface. At the same time, fly ash and wet sludge continuously deposit and adhere. Under the combined action of temperature alternation, flue gas corrosion, and water vapor coagulation, impurities continuously accumulate and harden to form stubborn dirt crusts. Such stubborn crusts will jam the movable配合 structure of the cover and the connecting pipe, easily causing the cover to be jammed and locked. When a local smoldering or fire hazard occurs in the primary air chamber subsequently, the conventional water pressure generated by the pipeline water supply is difficult to overcome the crust resistance to push open the cover, and the nozzle may not be able to be normally opened for spray fire extinguishing, thus missing the golden opportunity for initial fire disposal and increasing the risk of fire spread in the primary air chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration power plant, which can prevent the cover from getting stuck during spray fire extinguishing, thereby ensuring the reliability of the nozzle's operation.

[0006] This invention provides a fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration power plant, comprising a connecting pipe and a cap, the cap being fastened to the connecting pipe and used to seal the pipe hole of the connecting pipe, and further comprising: The cleaning and scraping section includes a sliding sleeve and a scraper. The sliding sleeve is fitted outside the cover, and the outer wall of the cover is flush with the outer wall of the connecting pipe. The inner wall of one end of the sliding sleeve is in contact with the outer wall of the cover. The scraper is located at the end of the sliding sleeve facing the connecting pipe, and the side wall of the scraper is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe. The drive unit includes a bimetallic strip and a hydraulic drive mechanism. The bimetallic strip is disposed on the cover, and there is a gap between the end of the bimetallic strip and the end of the cover. The end of the bimetallic strip abuts against the other end of the sliding sleeve. The bimetallic strip deforms when the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature. The end of the bimetallic strip drives the sliding sleeve to move closer to the end of the connecting pipe until the inner wall of the sliding sleeve close to the end of the connecting pipe is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe, thereby scraping the sludge on the outer wall at the junction of the cover and the connecting pipe. The hydraulic drive mechanism is connected to the sliding sleeve and is used to drive the sliding sleeve to rotate when water flows in the pipe hole of the connecting pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic drive mechanism includes a water turbine and a rotating shaft. The water turbine is disposed in the pipe hole of the connecting pipe and connected to the rotating shaft. A connecting frame is provided in the pipe hole of the connecting pipe. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting frame and connected to the cover. A protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the cover. A sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve along the axial direction of the connecting pipe. The protrusion is slidably connected in the sliding groove. When water flows through the pipe hole of the connecting pipe, the water turbine drives the cover to rotate relative to the connecting pipe through the rotating shaft, thereby driving the sliding sleeve to rotate.

[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the connecting pipe is provided with a slip ring, the inner wall of the slip ring is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe, and a first spring is provided outside the connecting pipe. The first spring abuts against the slip ring and applies an elastic force toward one end of the sliding sleeve to the slip ring, thereby causing the slip ring to abut against the scraper.

[0009] Preferably, the side wall of the connecting pipe is provided with a water passage hole, which communicates with the pipe hole of the connecting pipe. The side wall of the scraper near the axis of the connecting pipe is provided with a guide groove, which is axially arranged along the axis of the connecting pipe. When the bimetallic strip does not deform, the inner wall of the slip ring blocks the water passage hole; when the inner wall of the sliding sleeve near the connecting pipe is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe, the water passage hole communicates with the guide groove.

[0010] Preferably, the cover is a circular plate structure and is coaxially arranged with the connecting pipe. The cover is located outside the pipe hole of the connecting pipe and is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft can slide relative to the connecting frame along the axial direction of the pipe hole. The second spring is located outside the rotating shaft and abuts against the end of the rotating shaft away from the cover. The elastic force applied by the second spring to the rotating shaft drives the cover to be fastened to the end of the connecting pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the water turbine fan is provided with a second sliding hole, the rotating shaft is slidably connected to the second sliding hole along the axial direction of the connecting pipe, the rotating shaft is provided with a limiting sliding groove along the axial direction of the connecting pipe, a limiting slider is slidably connected in the limiting sliding groove, and the limiting slider is fixedly connected in the second sliding hole.

[0012] Preferably, the bimetallic strip is made of brass and Invar alloy.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve and the inner wall of the slip ring are both provided with a wear-resistant coating.

[0014] The present invention also provides an automatic fire extinguishing device for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration boiler, including a water supply pipeline and an electrical control execution unit. The water supply pipeline is connected to a fire water source, and the electrical control execution unit is connected to the water supply pipeline. The electrical control execution unit is used to control the on / off connection between the water supply pipeline and the fire water source. The device also includes multiple nozzles, which are arranged along the length of the water supply pipeline, and the connecting pipe of each nozzle is connected to the water supply pipeline.

[0015] Preferably, the electronic control unit includes a manual isolation valve and a solenoid valve. The water supply pipeline is connected to the fire water source through the manual isolation valve and the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is electrically connected to a control system. The control system is electrically connected to a temperature measuring instrument and a flame monitor. Both the temperature measuring instrument and the flame monitor are located in the primary air chamber. The temperature measuring instrument is used to detect the real-time temperature value in the primary air chamber. The flame monitor is used to monitor whether there is a flame in the primary air chamber. The control system has a preset temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature value is greater than the preset temperature value or there is a flame in the primary air chamber, the solenoid valve opens.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration power plant utilizes a rotating shaft that slides within a connecting frame in the connecting pipe. Under normal conditions, the spring pushes the cap to press against the pipe opening, achieving a seal and preventing dust and sludge from entering the pipe. The cap is flush with the outer wall of the connecting pipe, reducing debris adhesion and lowering the risk of blockage. The cleaning section relies on a bimetallic strip and a sliding sleeve for adaptive cleaning. At room temperature, the sliding sleeve remains stationary, not affecting the seal. When the temperature in the primary air chamber exceeds the standard, the bimetallic strip bends due to thermal expansion differences, pushing the sliding sleeve axially to simultaneously scrape away scale, dust, and sludge at the joints, eliminating the risk of blockage. In case of abnormal temperature, the control system activates a solenoid valve to open the water circuit, forming a double protection system with a normally open manual isolation valve. Water flows through parallel pipelines, distributing pressure and flow evenly, before entering the connecting pipe. The water pressure inside the pipe overcomes the spring force, pushing the cap inward to open the pipe opening, completing the spray fire extinguishing. After the fire subsides, the solenoid valve closes to cut off the water supply, the pipeline depressurizes, and the spring drives the cap to reset and seal. As the temperature drops, the bimetallic strip and the sliding sleeve reset synchronously, allowing for repeated self-cleaning operations. Utilizing the thermal deformation characteristics of the bimetallic strip, passive automatic cleaning is achieved without additional electrical control or power drive. It autonomously cleans sludge and scale from the joints based on changes in ambient temperature, preventing the cap from jamming on the connecting pipe and ensuring reliable nozzle operation. It is suitable for high-temperature, enclosed primary air chambers where frequent manual maintenance is inconvenient, significantly reducing the frequency of manual maintenance and operating costs, and minimizing the safety risks of personnel entering high-temperature hazardous areas. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the water supply pipeline of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water supply pipeline structure from a second perspective according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first working state of the nozzle of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second working state of the nozzle of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third working state of the nozzle of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of surface AA; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle BB surface; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom of the nozzle of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Water supply pipeline; 101. Connecting pipe; 102. Cover; 103. Rotating shaft; 104. Second spring; 105. Connecting frame; 106. Bimetallic strip; 107. Sliding sleeve; 201. Water turbine fan; 202. Protrusion; 203. Scraper; 301. Slip ring; 302. First spring; 401. Water passage hole; 402. Flow guide groove; 501. Limiting slide groove; 502. Limiting slider; 601. Solenoid valve; 602. Flame monitor; 603. Temperature measuring instrument. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-8 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 3-8 As shown, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration power plant, comprising a connecting pipe 101 and a cover 102. The cover 102 is fastened to the connecting pipe 101 and is used to seal the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101. It also includes a cleaning section and a driving section. The cleaning section includes a sliding sleeve 107 and a scraper 203. The sliding sleeve 107 is sleeved on the outside of the cover 102, and the outer wall of the cover 102 is flush with the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101. One end of the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 107 is in contact with the outer wall of the cover 102. The scraper 203 is located at the end of the sliding sleeve 107 facing the connecting pipe 101, and the side wall of the scraper 203 is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101. The driving section includes a bimetallic strip 106 and a hydraulic drive mechanism. The bimetallic strip 106 is disposed on the cover 102, and there is a gap between the end of the bimetallic strip 106 and the end of the cover 102. The end of the bimetallic strip 106 abuts against the other end of the sliding sleeve 107. The bimetallic strip 106 deforms when the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature. The end of the bimetallic strip 106 drives the sliding sleeve 107 to move closer to the end of the connecting pipe 101 until the inner wall of the end of the sliding sleeve 107 close to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101 fits together, thereby scraping the sludge on the outer wall of the joint between the cover 102 and the connecting pipe 101. The hydraulic drive mechanism is connected to the sliding sleeve 107 and is used to drive the sliding sleeve 107 to rotate when water flows in the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101.

[0021] The working principle of the above embodiments is briefly described below: The nozzle's connecting pipe 101 is connected to the water supply pipe 1. The inlet of the water supply pipe 1 is connected to an external fire water source or a pressure-stabilized water supply system to maintain a stable water supply pressure in the main pipeline, providing continuous power for firefighting operations. The manual isolation valve installed axially along the water supply pipe 1 remains open, while the solenoid valve 601 is in the closed state, forming a standby protection mode. The sealing protection unit at the through gap of the primary air chamber shell isolates the leakage of high-temperature smoke and the entry of external air, maintaining the sealing and structural strength of the primary air chamber for normal operation.

[0022] Under normal conditions, the cap 102 is tightly fastened to the end face of the connecting pipe 101, completely sealing the pipe hole and preventing dust and sludge from continuously entering the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101. At the same time, the outer wall of the cap 102 is flush with the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101, without any protruding steps, which can effectively reduce the adhesion and accumulation of dust and sludge at the joint, reducing the risk of the cap 102 sticking and clogging from the source, and preventing debris from entering the connecting pipe 101 and causing pipe blockage.

[0023] The cleaning section relies on the bimetallic strip 106 and the sliding sleeve 107 to form an adaptive cleaning structure. The bimetallic strip 106 is fixedly installed on the surface of the cover 102, with a reasonable deformation gap reserved between its end and the cover 102. The sliding sleeve 107 is movably sleeved on the outside of the cover 102. Under normal operating conditions, the inner wall of one end of the sliding sleeve 107 is in contact with the outer wall of the cover 102 and remains stationary, while the other end lightly touches the bimetallic strip 106. The whole is in an initial standby state, which does not affect the sealing effect of the cover 102 on the opening of the connecting pipe 101, and will not cause additional jamming or wear.

[0024] When the temperature inside the primary air chamber rises abnormally due to smoldering of waste or localized overheating, exceeding the preset temperature (220℃), the bimetallic strip 106 bends and deforms due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the two alloys. The deformed end of the bimetallic strip 106 then pushes the sliding sleeve 107 axially towards the connecting pipe 101 until the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 107 simultaneously adheres to the outer wall of the cap 102 and the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101. During the sliding motion of the sliding sleeve 107, its inner edge radially scrapes away the sludge, tar deposits, and dust clumps adhering to the outer wall at the junction of the cap 102 and the connecting pipe 101, removing stubborn impurities and achieving automatic cleaning of the nozzle connection area, preventing the hardening and accumulation of impurities from causing the cap 102 to jam.

[0025] Simultaneously, the control system sends an electrical control signal to the solenoid valve 601 in the electrical control execution unit. Upon receiving the signal, the solenoid valve 601 quickly opens the water circuit. At this time, the upstream manual isolation valve is in the normally open state, forming a dual shut-off protection structure with the solenoid valve 601 to ensure controllable opening and closing of the water circuit. The pressurized water flow is evenly distributed along the branch of the straight-through pressurized water supply pipeline 1, entering the secondary pipelines symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the primary air chamber. The two secondary pipelines are connected to the main pipeline in an equal diameter and equal pressure manner, forming a two-way parallel water supply structure to ensure that the flow rate and pressure of the water on both sides remain consistent.

[0026] Water is delivered to the nozzles on the left and right secondary pipes, entering the nozzle connecting pipe 101. Since the sludge, tar deposits, and dust clumps adhering to the outer wall of the junction between the cap 102 and the connecting pipe 101 have been scraped off, the cap 102 will not get stuck. The pressure inside the pipe gradually increases until it pushes the cap 102 away from the opening of the connecting pipe 101, releasing the blockage. Water then flows smoothly out of the opening of the connecting pipe 101, precisely spraying and extinguishing the fire in the primary air chamber. Simultaneously, as the high-pressure water flows through the pipe opening of the connecting pipe 101, the hydraulic drive mechanism drives the sliding sleeve 107 to rotate. The sliding sleeve 107 drives the scraper 203 on it to scrape off the dirt adhering to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101. The sliding sleeve 107 and the scraper 203 work together to perform both axial and circumferential scraping of the connecting pipe 101, removing tar and hardened sludge from the junction and preventing dirt from getting stuck on the cap 102.

[0027] After the fire is extinguished, the control system sends a signal to close the solenoid valve 601, cut off the water supply, the pipeline pressure drops, the cap 102 resets and re-attaches to the opening of the connecting pipe 101, restoring the sealed state and isolating external dust and smoke from entering.

[0028] At this time, the temperature of the primary air chamber drops, the bimetallic strip 106 recovers, and the sliding sleeve 107 resets. If the high temperature abnormality occurs again, the bimetallic strip 106 can still repeatedly deform to drive the sliding sleeve 107 to clean and scrape, realizing the cyclic self-cleaning function without the need for manual disassembly for cleaning and maintenance.

[0029] Compared to traditional primary air chamber fire extinguishing nozzles, this invention completely solves the problem of dust accumulation and pipe blockage at the nozzle opening through a normally self-sealing structure. The design of the cap 102 being flush with the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101 reduces the adhesion of deposits, effectively preventing fly ash and damp sludge from entering the interior of the connecting pipe 101, avoiding pipe blockage and valve jamming, ensuring the fire extinguishing pipeline remains unobstructed year-round, and enabling instantaneous spraying in the event of a fire, thus improving the reliability and timeliness of fire response. Utilizing the thermal deformation characteristics of the bimetallic strip 106, passive automatic cleaning is achieved without additional electrical control or power drive. It autonomously completes the cleaning of sludge and scale on the outer wall of the connecting pipe and at the joint with the cap based on changes in ambient temperature. This is suitable for high-temperature, sealed primary air chambers where frequent manual maintenance is inconvenient, significantly reducing the frequency of manual maintenance and operating costs, and reducing the safety risks of personnel entering high-temperature hazardous areas.

[0030] Based on the above embodiments, in order to remove tar and hardened sludge at the joint in an all-round way, avoid dirt from getting stuck in the cap 102, and effectively enhance the nozzle's self-descaling ability.

[0031] like Figures 3-7 As shown, the hydraulic drive mechanism includes a water turbine fan 201 and a rotating shaft 103. The water turbine fan 201 is disposed in the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101 and connected to the rotating shaft 103. A connecting frame 105 is provided in the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101. The rotating shaft 103 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 105 and is connected to the cover 102. The outer wall of the cover 102 is provided with a protrusion 202. The inner wall of the sliding sleeve 107 is provided with a sliding groove along the axial direction of the connecting pipe 101. The protrusion 202 is slidably connected in the sliding groove. When water flows through the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101, the water turbine fan 201 drives the cover 102 to rotate relative to the connecting pipe 101 through the rotating shaft 103, thereby driving the sliding sleeve 107 to rotate.

[0032] When high-pressure water flows through the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101, it impacts the water turbine fan 201, causing it to rotate. This rotation drives the rotating shaft 103 to rotate circumferentially inside the first sliding hole. During rotation, the rotating shaft 103 synchronously drives the sliding sleeve 107 to rotate through the cooperation between the protrusion 202 and the sliding groove. Since the sliding groove is arranged axially along the connecting pipe 101, the sliding sleeve 107 can rotate circumferentially with the rotating shaft 103 and also slide axially independently without interfering with the pushing action of the bimetallic strip 106. This allows for the comprehensive removal of tar and hardened sludge at the joint, preventing dirt from getting stuck on the cover 102. This effectively enhances the nozzle's self-descaling capability and ensures that the nozzle can open and close flexibly and extinguish fires reliably under high temperature and high dust conditions.

[0033] As a preferred option, such as Figures 3-6As shown, the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101 is provided with a slip ring 301, the inner wall of the slip ring 301 is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101, and a first spring 302 is provided outside the connecting pipe 101. The first spring 302 abuts against the slip ring 301 and applies an elastic force to the slip ring 301 toward one end of the sliding sleeve 107, thereby causing the slip ring 301 to abut against the scraper 203. The slip ring 301 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall surface of the connecting pipe 101, and the first spring 302 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting pipe 101 with its end abutting against the slip ring 301. Under normal conditions, the first spring 302 continuously applies an elastic pressing force to the slip ring 301 toward one side of the sliding sleeve 107, so that the end face of the slip ring 301 is always tightly attached to the end face of the scraper 203 and is finely adjusted in real time with the position of the scraper 203. When the sliding sleeve 107 moves axially along the connecting pipe 101, it drives the slip ring 301 to move axially along the sliding sleeve 107. Since the inner wall of the slip ring 301 is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101, the edge of the end of the slip ring 301 can be used to clean the dirt on the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101, improving the nozzle's self-cleaning capability. After the fire is extinguished, under the elastic force of the first spring 302, the slip ring 301 applies a restoring elastic force to the sliding sleeve 107, thereby driving the sliding sleeve 107 to reset and ensuring that the nozzle can work normally the next time.

[0034] As a preferred option, such as Figures 3-5 and Figure 7As shown, the connecting pipe 101 has a water passage hole 401 on its side wall, which communicates with the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101. The scraper 203 has a guide groove 402 on its side wall near the axis of the connecting pipe 101. The guide groove 402 is axially arranged along the axis of the connecting pipe 101. When the bimetallic strip 106 is not deformed, the inner wall of the slip ring 301 blocks the water passage hole 401. When the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 107 near the connecting pipe 101 is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101, the water passage hole 401 communicates with the guide groove 402. A water passage hole 401 is formed on the side wall of the connecting pipe 101 and communicates with the internal pipe hole. A guide groove 402 is formed on the inner side of the scraper 203 along the axial direction. The slip ring 301 is slidably assembled on the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101 by relying on the first spring 302. In the standby stage of the nozzle at room temperature, the slip ring 301 is pressed tightly against the water passage hole 401 by the spring to completely seal the hole and prevent external impurities from entering the pipe hole and causing pipe blockage. When the high temperature environment causes the bimetallic strip 106 to deform and push the sliding sleeve 107 to move, the slip ring 301... 1. Sliding allows the water passage 401 to quickly align and connect with the guide channel 402. High-pressure water flow inside the pipe can be introduced into the guide channel 402 through the water passage 401. Since the guide channel 402 is located on the side wall of the scraper 203 near the axis of the connecting pipe 101, when the water flow drives the scraper 203 to rotate, the scraping action of the scraper 203 combined with the rinsing of the water flow can ensure the cleanliness of the scraper 203 and improve the cleaning ability of the dirt on the outer wall of the connecting pipe 101, greatly improving the self-cleaning limit of the entire nozzle.

[0035] As a preferred option, such as Figures 3-7As shown, the cover 102 is a circular plate structure and is coaxially arranged with the connecting pipe 101. The cover 102 is located outside the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101 and is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 103. The rotating shaft 103 can slide relative to the connecting frame 105 along the axial direction of the pipe hole. The second spring 104 is located outside the rotating shaft 103 and abuts against the end of the rotating shaft 103 away from the cover 102. The elastic force applied by the second spring 104 to the rotating shaft 103 drives the cover 102 to be fastened to the end of the connecting pipe 101. The rotating shaft 103 forms a sliding fit structure with the connecting frame 105 along the axial direction of the pipe hole. The cover 102 is fixed to the outer end of the rotating shaft 103 and faces the pipe opening of the connecting pipe 101. The second spring 104 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 103, forming a stable abutment support at one end. Under normal conditions, it continuously applies an outward elastic pushing force to the rotating shaft 103, causing the cover 102 to fit tightly against the end face of the connecting pipe 101, achieving complete sealing of the pipe hole and preventing dust and sludge from continuously entering the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101. As the pressure inside the pipe hole gradually increases and overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 104, it pushes the rotating shaft 103 to retract inward along the connecting frame 105, causing the cover 102 to disengage from the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101, releasing the pipe hole sealing state, and allowing water to flow smoothly from the pipe hole of the connecting pipe 101 for precise spraying and fire extinguishing of the fire area in the primary air chamber. After the fire is extinguished, the control system sends a signal to close the solenoid valve 601, cut off the water supply, and the pipeline pressure drops. The elastic force of the second spring 104 pushes the rotating shaft 103 back to its original position, and the cover 102 closes to the opening of the connecting pipe 101 again, restoring the sealed state and isolating external dust and smoke from entering.

[0036] As a preferred option, such as Figures 3-7 As shown, the water turbine fan 201 is provided with a second sliding hole, and the rotating shaft 103 is slidably connected to the second sliding hole along the axial direction of the connecting pipe 101. The rotating shaft 103 is provided with a limiting sliding groove 501 along the axial direction of the connecting pipe 101, and a limiting slider 502 is slidably connected in the limiting sliding groove 501. The limiting slider 502 is fixed in the second sliding hole. The limiting slider 502 and the limiting sliding groove 501 cooperate with each other to restrict the circumferential relative rotation between the water turbine fan 201 and the rotating shaft 103. When the water flow impacts the water turbine fan 201, it can directly drive the rotating shaft 103 to rotate synchronously. At the same time, there is no axial locking constraint between the two, and the rotating shaft 103 can freely extend and slide relative to the water turbine fan 201. This assembly method avoids the structural interference of the water turbine fan 201 on the opening and closing action of the cover 102. While ensuring that the sealing part can complete the sealing, pressure relief and reset actions normally, it can realize the stable transmission of rotational power, improve the overall structural stability of the nozzle, and ensure the synchronous and stable operation of the self-cleaning and fire extinguishing functions.

[0037] As a preferred option, such as Figures 3-5 and Figure 8As shown, the bimetallic strip 106 is made of brass and Invar alloy. The bimetallic strip 106 is a composite structure of brass and Invar alloy pressed together, with a significant difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion between the two alloy layers. When the temperature inside the primary air chamber rises abnormally, the brass layer elongates much more due to heat than the Invar alloy layer, forcing the bimetallic strip 106 to bend and shift towards a fixed side. The end thrust drives the sliding sleeve 107 to slide axially to complete the cleaning operation. This material combination amplifies the temperature deformation difference, lowers the trigger threshold of the cleaning structure, and can remove initially condensed thin scale in advance, preventing the hardening and jamming of thick scale from the source.

[0038] As a preferred option, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the inner walls of the sliding sleeve 107 and the sliding ring 301 are both provided with wear-resistant coatings. During the entire process of axial sliding and circumferential rotation of the sliding sleeve 107 and the sliding ring 301, the wear-resistant coatings can isolate high-temperature dust, corrosive fumes, and sticky tar from directly corroding the component substrate, while reducing the sliding friction between the moving parts.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides an automatic fire extinguishing device for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration boiler, including a water supply pipeline 1 and an electrical control execution unit. The water supply pipeline 1 is connected to a fire water source, and the electrical control execution unit is connected to the water supply pipeline 1. The electrical control execution unit is used to control the on / off connection between the water supply pipeline 1 and the fire water source. It also includes multiple nozzles, which are arranged along the length of the water supply pipeline 1. The connecting pipe 101 of each nozzle is connected to the water supply pipeline 1.

[0040] Water supply pipeline 1 is connected to a dedicated fire-fighting water source for the factory area. The on / off status of the water circuit is controlled by an electrical control unit. Multiple fire extinguishing nozzles are evenly arranged along the length of water supply pipeline 1, and the connecting pipes 101 of all nozzles are interconnected with water supply pipeline 1. Combined with the synergistic effect of the nozzle's own sealing and cleaning parts, the pipe opening is sealed and dustproofed by the cap 102 under normal conditions. In the event of a fire, the pressure is quickly released and water is sprayed to extinguish the fire. The matching cleaning parts can automatically remove scale from the pipe opening. The entire device can realize integrated functions such as intelligent opening and closing of the water circuit, multi-point synchronous spraying, and nozzle self-cleaning protection. It effectively solves the defects of traditional fire extinguishing devices such as easy clogging of nozzles, delayed fire response, and single protection capability, and comprehensively improves the fire prevention, fire extinguishing, and explosion suppression capabilities of the primary air chamber.

[0041] As a preferred option, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the electronic control execution unit includes a manual isolation valve and a solenoid valve 601. The water supply pipeline 1 is connected to the fire water source through the manual isolation valve and the solenoid valve 601. The solenoid valve 601 is electrically connected to a control system. The control system is electrically connected to a temperature measuring instrument 603 and a flame monitor 602. Both the temperature measuring instrument 603 and the flame monitor 602 are located in the primary air chamber. The temperature measuring instrument 603 is used to detect the real-time temperature value in the primary air chamber. The flame monitor 602 is used to monitor whether there is a flame in the primary air chamber. The control system has a preset temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature value is greater than the preset temperature value or there is a flame in the primary air chamber, the solenoid valve 601 opens. The manually operated isolation valve is normally open and located upstream of the solenoid valve 601 to form a dual shut-off protection structure. The solenoid valve 601 is electrically connected to a control system, which is electrically connected to a temperature measuring instrument 603 and a flame monitor 602. Four resistance temperature measuring instruments 603 (L=800mm) and the flame monitor 602 are synchronously arranged inside the primary air chamber. The temperature measuring instruments 603 are used to collect the ambient temperature inside the air chamber in real time. The control system has a preset critical temperature threshold of 220℃. The flame monitor 602 is specifically used to capture open flame signals inside the air chamber in real time. The manually operated isolation valve and the solenoid valve 601 are assembled in series along the water supply path. The upstream manually operated isolation valve remains normally open, and the downstream solenoid valve 601 acts as an electrically controlled opening and closing element. The two work together to form a dual water circuit interlocking structure. The control system receives temperature data collected by the temperature measuring instruments 603 and the image signals from the flame monitor 602 in real time and performs synchronous logical judgment on the two sets of signals. When any temperature measuring instrument 603 detects a real-time temperature exceeding the preset threshold of 220℃, or when the flame monitor 602 detects a smoldering flame or a momentary fire signal, the control system immediately issues an activation command. The solenoid valve 601 instantly connects the water supply pipeline 1, and the fire water source is delivered to each sprinkler head via two-stage valves to complete the spraying and fire extinguishing. During routine equipment shutdown and maintenance, personnel can manually close the upstream manual isolation valve to completely cut off the water supply and avoid the risk of leakage due to solenoid valve 601 malfunction. This dual-signal linkage triggering and dual-valve redundant protection structure can monitor the fire situation comprehensively from both temperature and flame dimensions, avoiding missed or false detections caused by the failure of a single detection element. Simultaneously, the dual valve assembly significantly improves the safety of water supply control. Combined with the self-cleaning fire extinguishing sprinklers, it ensures that all sprinklers can be activated normally in the event of a sudden fire, significantly improving the device's early warning accuracy and fire extinguishing reliability.

[0042] As a preferred option, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the water supply pipeline 1 is detachably connected to the connecting pipe 101 of each sprinkler head. By making the connecting pipe 101 of each sprinkler head detachably connected to the water supply pipeline 1, the sprinkler head can be quickly disassembled for repair when the components inside the sprinkler head are damaged, thus facilitating the maintenance of the entire fire extinguishing device.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A primary air chamber fire extinguishing nozzle for a waste incineration power plant, comprising a connecting pipe (101) and a cover (102), the cover (102) is buckled with the connecting pipe (101), and the cover (102) is used for plugging the pipe hole of the connecting pipe (101), characterized in that, Also includes: The cleaning and scraping section includes a sliding sleeve (107) and a scraper (203). The sliding sleeve (107) is sleeved on the outside of the cover (102). The outer wall of the cover (102) is flush with the outer wall of the connecting pipe (101). The inner wall of one end of the sliding sleeve (107) is in contact with the outer wall of the cover (102). The scraper (203) is located at the end of the sliding sleeve (107) facing the connecting pipe (101). The side wall of the scraper (203) is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe (101). The drive unit includes a bimetallic strip (106) and a hydraulic drive mechanism. The bimetallic strip (106) is disposed on the cover (102). There is a gap between the end of the bimetallic strip (106) and the end of the cover (102). The end of the bimetallic strip (106) abuts against the other end of the sliding sleeve (107). The bimetallic strip (106) deforms when the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature. The end of the bimetallic strip (106) drives the sliding sleeve (107) to move closer to the end of the connecting pipe (101) until the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (107) close to the end of the connecting pipe (101) fits against the outer wall of the connecting pipe (101), thereby scraping the sludge on the outer wall of the joint between the cover (102) and the connecting pipe (101). The hydraulic drive mechanism is connected to the sliding sleeve (107). The hydraulic drive mechanism is used to drive the sliding sleeve (107) to rotate when water flows in the pipe hole of the connecting pipe (101).

2. The primary air chamber flame arrestor of claim 1, wherein, The hydraulic drive mechanism includes a water turbine fan (201) and a rotating shaft (103). The water turbine fan (201) is located in the pipe hole of the connecting pipe (101) and connected to the rotating shaft (103). A connecting frame (105) is provided in the pipe hole of the connecting pipe (101). The rotating shaft (103) is rotatably connected to the connecting frame (105). The rotating shaft (103) is connected to the cover (102). The outer wall of the cover (102) is provided with a protrusion (202). The inner wall of the sliding sleeve (107) is provided with a sliding groove along the axial direction of the connecting pipe (101). The protrusion (202) is slidably connected in the sliding groove. When water flows through the pipe hole of the connecting pipe (101), the water turbine fan (201) drives the cover (102) to rotate relative to the connecting pipe (101) through the rotating shaft (103), thereby driving the sliding sleeve (107) to rotate.

3. The fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration boiler as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the connecting pipe (101) is provided with a slip ring (301). The inner wall of the slip ring (301) is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe (101). A first spring (302) is provided outside the connecting pipe (101). The first spring (302) abuts against the slip ring (301). The first spring (302) applies an elastic force to the slip ring (301) toward one end of the sliding sleeve (107), thereby causing the slip ring (301) to abut against the scraper (203).

4. The fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration boiler as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting pipe (101) has a water passage hole (401) on its side wall. The water passage hole (401) is connected to the pipe hole of the connecting pipe (101). The scraper (203) has a guide groove (402) on its side wall near the axis of the connecting pipe (101). The guide groove (402) is axially arranged along the axis of the connecting pipe (101). When the bimetallic strip (106) is not deformed, the inner wall of the slip ring (301) blocks the water passage hole (401). When the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (107) near the connecting pipe (101) is in contact with the outer wall of the connecting pipe (101), the water passage hole (401) is connected to the guide groove (402).

5. The primary air chamber flame arrestor of claim 2, wherein The cover (102) is a circular plate structure and is coaxially arranged with the connecting pipe (101). The cover (102) is located outside the pipe hole of the connecting pipe (101) and is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (103). The rotating shaft (103) can slide relative to the connecting frame (105) along the axial direction of the pipe hole. The second spring (104) is located outside the rotating shaft (103) and abuts against the end of the rotating shaft (103) away from the cover (102). The elastic force applied by the second spring (104) to the rotating shaft (103) drives the cover (102) to be fastened to the end of the connecting pipe (101).

6. The primary air chamber flame arrestor of claim 2, wherein The water turbine fan (201) is provided with a second sliding hole. The rotating shaft (103) is slidably connected to the second sliding hole along the axial direction of the connecting pipe (101). The rotating shaft (103) is provided with a limiting groove (501) along the axial direction of the connecting pipe (101). A limiting slider (502) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (501). The limiting slider (502) is fixedly connected in the second sliding hole.

7. The fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bimetallic strip (106) is made of brass and Invar alloy.

8. The fire extinguishing nozzle for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the sliding sleeve (107) and the inner wall of the slip ring (301) are both provided with a wear-resistant coating.

9. An automatic fire extinguishing device for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration boiler, comprising a water supply pipeline (1) and an electrical control execution unit, wherein the water supply pipeline (1) is connected to a fire water source, and the electrical control execution unit is connected to the water supply pipeline (1), the electrical control execution unit being used to control the connection and disconnection between the water supply pipeline (1) and the fire water source, characterized in that, It also includes a plurality of nozzles as described in claim 1, wherein the plurality of nozzles are arranged along the length of the water supply pipeline (1), and the connecting pipe (101) of each nozzle is connected to the water supply pipeline (1).

10. The automatic fire extinguishing device for the primary air chamber of a waste incineration boiler as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The electrical control execution unit includes a manual isolation valve and a solenoid valve (601). The water supply pipeline (1) is connected to the fire water source through the manual isolation valve and the solenoid valve (601). The solenoid valve (601) is electrically connected to a control system. The control system is electrically connected to a temperature measuring instrument (603) and a flame monitor (602). The temperature measuring instrument (603) and the flame monitor (602) are both located in the primary air chamber. The temperature measuring instrument (603) is used to detect the real-time temperature value in the primary air chamber. The flame monitor (602) is used to monitor whether there is a flame in the primary air chamber. The control system has a preset temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature value is greater than the preset temperature value or there is a flame in the primary air chamber, the solenoid valve (601) opens.

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