An automatic water replenishing workshop dust catching water tank

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of industrial dust removal and wastewater treatment technology, and particularly to an automatic water replenishment workshop dust collection tank, comprising: a dust settling chamber with an opening at the top for receiving dust-laden fluid; a clean medium isolation chamber for containing clean liquid, which is connected to the bottom area of ​​the dust settling chamber via a bottom connecting pipe to achieve static pressure balance at the bottom of the two chambers, and the top of the clean medium isolation chamber has a sealed air cushion layer; a pressure signal pickup chamber connected to the sealed air cushion layer at the top of the clean medium isolation chamber via a pressure balancing pipe, and a pressure sensor installed in the pressure signal pickup chamber for detecting the pressure of the sealed air cushion layer; a water replenishment pipeline connected to the bottom area of ​​the clean medium isolation chamber, and a water replenishment control valve installed on the water replenishment pipeline; and a controller electrically connected to the pressure sensor and the water replenishment control valve. This device can avoid interference from the slurry layer on liquid level measurement and water replenishment control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial dust removal and wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to an automatically replenished workshop dust collection water tank. Background Technology

[0002] In production workshops such as coal-water slurry processing, coal preparation plants, and ore crushing, a combination of "spray dust suppression + open water tank / trough" is usually used to suppress and capture coal dust or other combustible and recyclable dust diffused in the air. The spray equipment installed above the workshop washes the dust in the dust-laden airflow into the collection water tank below, while the dust that settles naturally in the workshop can also fall directly into the water tank. This type of water tank not only serves to receive the spray return water, but also acts as a preliminary sedimentation and separation container for dust.

[0003] To achieve automatic and constant water level in the water tank and prevent the tank from drying out due to evaporation or drainage, or from overflowing due to excessive water replenishment, existing automatic water replenishment tanks generally use float valves, electrode level gauges, or ultrasonic level gauges to monitor the water level and control the opening and closing of the water replenishment valve.

[0004] However, in this specific application scenario, some of the extremely fine powders in the coal dust and other particulate matter to be collected are naturally hydrophobic, or easily adhere to tiny air bubbles in the water after contact, thus forming a thick, viscous, and encapsulating "slurry layer" of varying thickness on the surface of the water tank. The presence of this slurry layer poses a serious challenge to traditional level control methods: the slurry layer can encapsulate the moving parts of the float valve, causing it to become stuck and unable to float and sink normally, resulting in the loss of water replenishment function; the slurry layer can block the ultrasonic sensor probe, absorbing or scattering sound wave signals, causing the level measurement value to jump or be lost; the slurry layer can also clump and accumulate on the electrode level gauge probe, changing the conductivity between the electrodes and sending incorrect level signals; all of the above problems together cause the water replenishment system to frequently malfunction or fail, leading to the water tank drying out and damaging the water pump, or overflow causing secondary pollution of coal slurry water.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic water replenishment and dust collection tank that can fundamentally avoid the interference of the slurry layer on liquid level measurement and water replenishment control. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the problem that the liquid level measuring element and water replenishment actuator of the dust collection water tank in the prior art are easily interfered with and encased by the floating slurry layer on the water surface, thus causing them to fail.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is: an automatically replenished workshop dust collection water tank, comprising: The dust collection and settling chamber has an opening at the top for receiving dust-laden fluid; The clean media isolation chamber is used to contain clean liquid. The clean media isolation chamber is connected to the bottom area of ​​the dust collection and settling chamber through a bottom connecting pipe so that the static pressure at the bottom of the two chambers is balanced. The top of the clean media isolation chamber has a sealed air cushion layer. The air pressure signal pickup chamber is connected to the sealed air cushion layer at the top of the clean medium isolation chamber through an air pressure balance tube. An air pressure sensor is installed in the air pressure signal pickup chamber to detect the air pressure of the sealed air cushion layer. A water supply pipeline is connected to the bottom area of ​​the clean medium isolation chamber, and a water supply control valve is installed on the water supply pipeline; A controller, electrically connected to the air pressure sensor and the water supply control valve, is configured to control the opening and closing of the water supply control valve based on the air pressure value detected by the air pressure sensor.

[0008] In this invention, the liquid level measurement and control of the collection tank is completely removed from the harsh environment containing dust and slurry (dust settling chamber) and transplanted to a fully enclosed environment that only contains clean liquid and gas (clean media isolation chamber and air pressure signal pickup chamber). Through the hydrostatic communication principle followed by the bottom connecting pipe, any change in the liquid level within the dust settling chamber will drive the clean water column in the clean media isolation chamber to rise and fall synchronously, thereby compressing or expanding the sealed air cushion layer at its top. The pressure change of this air cushion layer has a one-to-one functional relationship with the liquid level height in the dust settling chamber. The air pressure sensor in the air pressure signal pickup chamber achieves pressure balance... The system captures this air pressure value under dry, clean, and dust-free conditions. Based on this air pressure value, the controller logically determines the actual liquid level in the dust collection and settling chamber and outputs a control signal to drive the water replenishment control valve located in the clean environment to replenish water to the bottom of the clean medium isolation chamber. The replenishment water flows through the clean medium isolation chamber and the bottom connecting pipe, and finally enters the dust collection and settling chamber from the bottom. The whole process eliminates the possibility of slurry wrapping, obstructing, or contaminating the sensors and valves, realizing a highly reliable and maintenance-free automatic water replenishment function. At the same time, the water replenishment path enters from the bottom, without directly impacting the liquid surface of the dust collection and settling chamber, ensuring the static settling environment of coal powder particles in the chamber.

[0009] Preferably, a slurry overflow port is provided on the side wall of the dust collection and settling chamber at a preset liquid level, and the slurry overflow port is connected to a slurry collection tank.

[0010] Preferably, a density sensor is installed in the slurry collection tank to detect the density of the material entering the slurry collection tank; a drain valve is installed at the bottom of the slurry collection tank; the controller is electrically connected to the density sensor and the drain valve, and is configured to open the drain valve when the density value detected by the density sensor is less than a preset threshold.

[0011] Preferably, the dust collection and settling chamber is provided with multiple layers of inclined settling plates.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom connecting pipe is a U-shaped pipe, and a filter screen is provided at the port where the U-shaped pipe connects to the dust collection and settling chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure signal pickup chamber is a sealed cavity, and the pressure sensor is disposed inside the sealed cavity, so that the pressure sensor only contacts the gas medium of the sealed air cushion layer through the pressure balance tube.

[0014] Preferably, the outlet of the water supply pipe is directly connected to the bottom side wall of the clean media isolation chamber, so that the water supply flows in from the bottom of the clean media isolation chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure sensor is a pressure sensor with temperature compensation function.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the dust collection and settling chamber is a conical structure, and a slurry discharge port is provided at the bottom of the conical structure; the slurry discharge port is connected to the coal slurry recovery device through a slurry discharge pipeline, and a slurry discharge pump is provided on the slurry discharge pipeline.

[0017] Preferably, a hydraulic pulse generator is provided at the bottom region of the conical structure of the dust collection and settling chamber for periodically agitating the deposited solids; and a concentration sensor is provided at the bottom region of the conical structure; the controller is electrically connected to the concentration sensor and the slurry pump, and is configured to start the slurry pump when the concentration value detected by the concentration sensor exceeds a preset value.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention constructs a three-cavity isolation architecture consisting of a dust collection and settling chamber, a clean media isolation chamber, and a pressure signal pickup chamber. This relocates the liquid level detection and actuator from a harsh working environment heavily contaminated by slurry and dust to a clean, dry, and controlled environment, thereby avoiding the problem of liquid level measurement and water replenishment control failure caused by the slurry layer. It establishes hydrostatic pressure balance between the dust collection and settling chamber and the clean media isolation chamber through a bottom connecting pipe, seamlessly converting liquid level changes into the rise and fall of a clean water column within the clean media isolation chamber. Furthermore, the top of the clean media isolation chamber is sealed... The pressure change of the air cushion layer serves as a "pneumatic copy" of the liquid level information. Then, the pressure signal is picked up by a high-precision pressure sensor in a clean pressure signal pickup chamber. Finally, the controller makes a decision based on this clean signal and drives the water replenishment control valve installed on the clean side to replenish water from the bottom of the clean medium isolation chamber. The water flows back to the dust collection and settling chamber without disturbance through the bottom connecting pipe. This measurement and execution logic improves the reliability, accuracy, and maintenance-free nature of the water replenishment system, reduces operating costs, and avoids secondary pollution caused by water replenishment failure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to the present invention. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the automatic water replenishment system for a workshop dust collection tank according to the present invention. Figure 3 The image shown is a top view of the workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Dust collection and settling chamber; 2. Clean media isolation chamber; 3. Air pressure signal pickup chamber; 4. Water supply pipe; 5. Bottom connecting pipe; 6. Sealed air cushion layer; 7. Air pressure balance pipe; 8. Air pressure sensor; 9. Slurry overflow port; 10. Slurry collection tank; 11. Density sensor; 12. Settling plate; 13. Slurry discharge port; 14. Hydraulic pulse generator; 15. Concentration sensor; 16. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Example 1: Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention provides an embodiment: an automatically replenished workshop dust collection water tank, comprising: The dust collection and settling chamber 1 has an opening at the top for receiving dust-laden fluid; The clean media isolation chamber 2 is used to contain clean liquid. The clean media isolation chamber 2 is connected to the bottom area of ​​the dust collection and settling chamber 1 through a bottom connecting pipe 5 so that the static pressure at the bottom of the two chambers is balanced. The top of the clean media isolation chamber 2 has a sealed air cushion layer 6. The air pressure signal pickup chamber 3 is connected to the sealed air cushion layer 6 at the top of the clean medium isolation chamber 2 through the air pressure balance tube 7. An air pressure sensor 8 is installed in the air pressure signal pickup chamber 3 to detect the air pressure of the sealed air cushion layer 6. Water supply pipe 4 is connected to the bottom area of ​​clean medium isolation chamber 2, and a water supply control valve is installed on water supply pipe 4. The controller is electrically connected to the air pressure sensor 8 and the water supply control valve. The controller is configured to control the opening and closing of the water supply control valve based on the air pressure value detected by the air pressure sensor 8.

[0022] In this invention, the liquid level measurement and control of the collection tank is completely removed from the harsh environment containing dust and slurry (dust settling chamber 1) and transplanted to a fully enclosed environment that only contains clean liquid and gas (clean medium isolation chamber 2 and air pressure signal pickup chamber 3). Through the hydrostatic communication principle followed by the bottom connecting pipe 5, any change in the liquid level within the dust settling chamber 1 will drive the clean water column in the clean medium isolation chamber 2 to rise and fall synchronously, thereby compressing or expanding the sealed air cushion layer 6 at its top. The pressure change of this air cushion layer has a one-to-one functional relationship with the liquid level height in the dust settling chamber 1. The air pressure sensor 8 in the air pressure signal pickup chamber 3 uses air pressure leveling... The pressure pipe 7 captures this air pressure value under dry, clean, slurry-free, and dust-free conditions. The controller uses this air pressure value to logically determine the actual liquid level in the dust collection and settling chamber 1, and outputs a control signal to drive the water replenishment control valve located in the clean environment to replenish water to the bottom of the clean medium isolation chamber 2. The replenishment water flows through the clean medium isolation chamber 2 and the bottom connecting pipe 5, and finally enters the dust collection and settling chamber 1 from the bottom. The whole process eliminates the possibility of slurry wrapping, obstructing, or contaminating the sensors and valves, realizing a highly reliable and maintenance-free automatic water replenishment function. At the same time, the water replenishment path enters from the bottom and does not directly impact the liquid surface of the dust collection and settling chamber 1, ensuring the static settling environment of coal powder particles in the chamber.

[0023] Furthermore, a slurry overflow port 9 is provided on the side wall of the dust collection and settling chamber 1 at a preset liquid level. The slurry overflow port 9 is connected to a slurry collection tank 10. By providing the slurry overflow port 9, the slurry layer accumulated on the liquid surface can be continuously and actively guided away from the main settling area to prevent it from thickening indefinitely and to strengthen the system's immunity to slurry interference.

[0024] Furthermore, a density sensor 11 is installed inside the slurry collection tank 10 to detect the density of the material entering the slurry collection tank 10; a drain valve is installed at the bottom of the slurry collection tank 10; the controller is electrically connected to the density sensor 11 and the drain valve, and is configured to open the drain valve when the density value detected by the density sensor 11 is less than a preset threshold; this scheme realizes an intelligent discharge strategy of "discharging only slurry and not clear water"; only when the density of the material in the collection tank is significantly lower than that of water, proving that it is indeed a high-concentration slurry-rich mass, will the discharge be performed, thus maximizing the conservation of water resources and eliminating the waste of a large amount of clear water and the risk of secondary pollution to the environment associated with traditional overflow discharge methods.

[0025] Furthermore, the dust collection and settling chamber 1 is equipped with multiple layers of inclined settling plates 12. This arrangement utilizes the principle of "shallow settling", which shortens the settling distance of dust particles, improves settling efficiency, helps to obtain clearer supernatant within a limited water tank volume, and also provides a more stable liquid level environment for the air pressure measurement system.

[0026] Furthermore, the bottom connecting pipe 5 is a U-shaped pipe, and a filter screen 16 is provided at the port where the U-shaped pipe connects to the dust collection and settling chamber 1; the U-shaped pipe structure further increases the difficulty of the coal slime particles migrating in reverse from the dust collection and settling chamber 1 to the clean medium isolation chamber 2; the filter screen 16, as a physical barrier, can intercept most of the suspended coal slime, ensuring that clean water always enters the clean medium isolation chamber 2, and maintaining the isolation environment of the clean medium for a long time.

[0027] Furthermore, the air pressure signal pickup chamber 3 is a sealed cavity, and the air pressure sensor 8 is set inside the sealed cavity so that the air pressure sensor 8 only contacts the gas medium of the sealed air cushion layer 6 through the air pressure balance tube 7. This structure completely isolates the precision electronic components from the high humidity and high dust workshop atmosphere outside. The sensor only works in the dry air environment conducted by the clean air cushion layer, and its measurement accuracy, response speed and zero-point stability during long-term operation are guaranteed.

[0028] Furthermore, the outlet of the water supply pipe 4 is directly connected to the bottom side wall of the clean medium isolation chamber 2, so that the water supply enters from the bottom of the clean medium isolation chamber 2. The water supply first mixes with the clean water in the clean medium isolation chamber 2, and then flows smoothly to the dust collection and settling chamber 1 through the bottom connecting pipe 5. This avoids water flow disturbance or pressure shock near the air pressure balance pipe 7, thereby ensuring the smoothness and fidelity of the pressure signal obtained by the air pressure signal pickup chamber 3, and improving the accuracy of liquid level control.

[0029] Furthermore, the air pressure sensor 8 is an air pressure sensor with temperature compensation function; since the air pressure of the sealed air cushion layer 6 is affected by changes in ambient temperature, the temperature compensation sensor can automatically correct the pressure drift caused by temperature difference, ensuring the accuracy of the water level calculation value under all-weather conditions.

[0030] Furthermore, the bottom of the dust collection settling chamber 1 is a conical structure, and a slurry discharge port 13 is provided at the bottom of the conical structure; the slurry discharge port 13 is connected to the coal slurry recovery device through a slurry discharge pipeline, and a slurry discharge pump is provided on the slurry discharge pipeline; the concentrated coal slurry that settles to the bottom can be actively transported back to the upstream pulping production line for reuse as raw material.

[0031] Furthermore, a hydraulic pulse generator 14 is provided at the bottom of the conical structure of the dust collection settling chamber 1 to periodically agitate the deposited solids; and a concentration sensor 15 is provided at the bottom of the conical structure; the controller is electrically connected to the concentration sensor 15 and the slurry pump, and is configured to start the slurry pump when the concentration value detected by the concentration sensor 15 exceeds a preset value; the hydraulic pulse generator 14 intermittently breaks the "bridging" phenomenon of the coal slime at the cone, so that it settles densely; the concentration sensor 15 ensures that the slurry pump is started only when the deposited coal slurry reaches a concentration suitable for pumping, thus avoiding energy waste caused by pumping thin slurry and moisture imbalance in the downstream kneading process.

[0032] Through the above steps, this invention constructs a three-cavity isolation architecture consisting of a dust collection and settling chamber 1, a clean media isolation chamber 2, and a pressure signal pickup chamber 3. This relocates the liquid level detection and actuator from a harsh working condition heavily contaminated by slurry and dust to a clean, dry, and controlled environment, thereby avoiding the problem of liquid level measurement and water replenishment control failure caused by the slurry layer. It establishes hydrostatic pressure balance between the dust collection and settling chamber 1 and the clean media isolation chamber 2 through the bottom connecting pipe 5, seamlessly converting liquid level changes into the rise and fall of the clean water column within the clean media isolation chamber 2. Subsequently, the clean media isolation chamber... The pressure change of the top sealed air cushion layer 6 serves as a "pneumatic copy" of the liquid level information. Then, the pressure signal is picked up by a high-precision pressure sensor 8 in the clean pressure signal pickup chamber 3. Finally, the controller makes a decision based on this clean signal and drives the water replenishment control valve installed on the clean side to replenish water from the bottom of the clean medium isolation chamber 2. The water flows back to the dust collection and settling chamber 1 without disturbance through the bottom connecting pipe 5. This measurement and execution logic improves the reliability, accuracy and maintenance-free nature of the water replenishment system, reduces operating costs, and avoids secondary pollution caused by water replenishment failure.

[0033] Example 2: Optionally, this embodiment provides an automatically replenished workshop dust collection water tank.

[0034] The water tank in this embodiment is physically divided into three functional chambers: dust collection and settling chamber 1 (chamber A), clean medium isolation chamber 2 (chamber B), and air pressure signal pickup chamber 3 (chamber C).

[0035] The dust collection and settling chamber 1 (chamber A) is the main chamber of the water tank. Its top is open and directly faces the workshop space. During the production process, the dust-laden water that falls back after being sprayed by the dust suppression equipment above the workshop, as well as the coal dust particles that settle naturally under gravity, all fall into the dust collection and settling chamber 1 through the top opening. The chamber contains water as a medium for receiving and capturing the dust-laden fluid.

[0036] The clean media isolation chamber 2 (chamber B) is an independent, fully enclosed chamber, located on the outside of the dust collection and settling chamber 1 or embedded inside it but isolated from it by the liquid path; the interior of chamber B is pre-filled with clean water as a hydraulic conduction and isolation medium; chamber B and chamber A are connected by a bottom connecting pipe 5; one end of the bottom connecting pipe 5 is connected to the lower side wall of chamber A near the bottom plate, and the other end is connected to the lower side wall of chamber B, so as to ensure that the static pressure of the two chambers in the bottom area can be balanced in real time; the top of chamber B is sealed with a section of air, forming a sealed air cushion layer 6.

[0037] The air pressure signal pickup chamber 3 (Cavity C) is a small, sealed cavity, which is only connected to one end of the air pressure balancing tube 7. The other end of the air pressure balancing tube 7 is directly connected to the sealed air cushion layer 6 space at the top of the B cavity. Thus, the air pressure of the sealed air cushion layer 6 in the B cavity is completely and leak-free transmitted to the C cavity. A pressure sensor 8 is fixedly installed inside the C cavity. The sensing end of the pressure sensor 8 is exposed to the air environment inside the C cavity and indirectly senses the pressure of the sealed air cushion layer 6 through the air pressure balancing tube 7. The external circuit connection of the pressure sensor 8 is led out through the sealed electrical interface on the wall of the C cavity.

[0038] One end of the water supply pipeline 4 is connected to the workshop water supply network or other clean water source, and the other end is connected to the bottom side wall interface of cavity B. A water supply control valve is connected in series on the water supply pipeline 4. The water supply control valve is a normally closed solenoid valve. The water supply pipeline 4, the water supply control valve and its interface are all in a clean water environment and do not come into contact with the dust-containing fluid in cavity A.

[0039] The controller can be an industrial-grade programmable logic controller or an embedded microcontroller, and is fixedly installed in an electrical control box outside the water tank; the signal output terminal of the air pressure sensor 8 is connected to the analog input terminal of the controller through a shielded cable; the digital output terminal of the controller is connected to the drive relay or direct drive circuit of the water supply control valve.

[0040] When the system is running, follow these steps: First, the system is initially calibrated. The liquid level in cavity A is manually increased to a preset ideal working level, which is usually set as a certain percentage of the effective depth of cavity A. After the liquid level stabilizes, the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 8 is recorded and stored in the controller as the set value P_set. According to the principle of hydrostatics, there is a clear functional relationship between the absolute pressure P of the sealed air cushion layer 6 at the top of cavity B and the current liquid level height h of cavity A. Let the local atmospheric pressure be P0, the density of clean water be ρ, and the acceleration due to gravity be g. Then the relationship between the height difference h of the liquid level in cavity A relative to the inlet of the bottom connecting pipe 5 and the gauge pressure (P-P0) of the sealed air cushion layer 6 satisfies: P = P0 + ρgh. When the liquid level in cavity A drops due to evaporation, pumping, or other reasons, the static pressure of the water column acting on the connecting pipe in cavity A decreases. Under the action of pressure difference, clean water in cavity B slowly flows into cavity A through the bottom connecting pipe 5, and the liquid level in cavity B drops synchronously. The drop in liquid level in cavity B causes the volume of the top sealed air cushion layer 6 to expand, and its internal air pressure decreases accordingly. This reduced air pressure value is transmitted to cavity C in real time through the air pressure balance pipe 7 and is sensed by the air pressure sensor 8 without delay.

[0041] The controller reads the real-time air pressure value P_real output by the air pressure sensor 8 at a fixed frequency and compares it with the preset lower limit air pressure threshold P_low. P_low corresponds to the lowest allowable working liquid level h_low in cavity A, satisfying P_low = P0 + ρgh_low. When P_real ≤ P_low, the controller determines that the liquid level in cavity A has dropped to the low level requiring water replenishment and then outputs an open signal to the water replenishment control valve. The water replenishment control valve is energized and opens, and clean water is injected from the external pipeline network into the bottom of cavity B through the water replenishment pipe 4. The replenishment water flow first merges with the original clean water in cavity B, the liquid level in cavity B rises, the top sealed air cushion layer 6 is gradually compressed, and the air pressure begins to rise. When the controller reads that the air pressure value has risen to the preset upper limit air pressure threshold P_high, P_high corresponds to the highest allowable working liquid level h_high in cavity A, satisfying P_high = P0 + ρgh_low. When ρgh_high is activated, the controller sends a shutdown signal, the water replenishment control valve is de-energized and closes, and the single water replenishment process ends. As the water pressure in chamber B recovers, clean water is slowly replenished to the bottom of chamber A again through the bottom connecting pipe 5 until the liquid levels in the two chambers reach equilibrium again at the new high level. Throughout the water replenishment process, the water flow is driven by bottom static pressure and slowly enters chamber A, without causing any impact or disturbance to the liquid surface and bottom sediment layer in chamber A.

[0042] Example 3: Optionally, this embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 2.

[0043] In this embodiment, on one side wall of the dust settling chamber 1 (chamber A), at the preset ideal working liquid level h_high, a long strip-shaped slurry overflow port 9 is provided; the lower edge of the overflow port is flush with h_high, and its opening width extends to cover the main area of ​​the liquid surface; outside of chamber A, below the overflow port, a slurry collection tank 10 is fixedly installed; the inlet of the slurry collection tank 10 is connected to the overflow port and is used to collect the surface material overflowing from the liquid surface of chamber A.

[0044] The bottom of the slurry collection tank 10 is set in a conical or sloping shape, and a drain valve is installed at the lowest point; a density sensor 11 is installed on the side wall of the slurry collection tank 10 near the bottom; both the density sensor 11 and the drain valve are electrically connected to the controller.

[0045] As coal powder settles and accumulates in chamber A, the thickness of the slurry layer on the liquid surface gradually increases. When the liquid level in chamber A approaches or reaches h_high due to water replenishment or other reasons, the slurry at the top layer and a small amount of upper water will first overflow the lower edge of the overflow port and flow into the slurry collection tank 10. The controller periodically reads the material density value ρ_m detected by the density sensor 11 in the tank. A density threshold ρ_th is preset, which is set as an empirical value between the density of clean water (approximately 1.0 × 10³ kg / m³) and the density of enriched slurry (approximately 0.4 × 10³ kg / m³ to 0.7 × 10³ kg / m³). When the controller determines that ρ_m ≤ ρ_th, it indicates that a sufficient amount of high-concentration slurry has been collected in the tank. At this time, the controller outputs a signal to open the drain valve, discharging the high-concentration slurry to the designated recycling container or waste disposal point. When ρ_m > ρ_th, the controller outputs a signal to open the drain valve, discharging the high-concentration slurry to the designated recycling container or waste disposal point. When ρ_th is reached, it indicates that most of the material in the tank is still clear water, and the drain valve remains closed, thereby achieving efficient separation and discharge of only the slurry without wasting clear water.

[0046] Example 4: Optionally, this embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 2.

[0047] In this embodiment, the bottom connecting pipe 5 is specifically designed as a U-shaped pipe; the U-shaped pipe is made of stainless steel or engineering plastic and is bent in the shape of a "U"; one end of it is horizontally or slightly inclined downwards to the bottom side wall of cavity A, and the other end is connected upwards to the bottom of cavity B; the lowest point of the bend of the U-shaped pipe is lower than the bottom interface position of the two cavities; this structure makes any solid particles that attempt to migrate from the bottom of cavity A to cavity B along the pipe have to overcome gravity and settle at the lowest point of the U-shaped bend, increasing the resistance to the migration of solid particles.

[0048] At the port where the U-shaped tube connects to cavity A, a filter screen 16 is tightly embedded or fitted. The mesh size of the filter screen 16 is selected according to the particle size distribution of the coal powder being captured, usually between 100 and 200 mesh, to ensure that it can effectively intercept most of the suspended coal powder particles without creating excessive resistance to the bidirectional flow of water. As a physical barrier, the filter screen 16 ensures that the water entering the U-shaped tube and cavity B is always clean water without suspended solids, thus maintaining the isolation function of the "clean medium" in cavity B for a long time.

[0049] Example 5: Optionally, this embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 2.

[0050] In this embodiment, the air pressure signal pickup chamber 3 (Cavity C) is a completely sealed metal or plastic box with only two interfaces on its wall panel: one interface is used to connect to the air pressure balance tube 7, and the other interface is a sealed electrical lead-out interface. The air pressure sensor 8 is completely encapsulated inside the Cavity, and its sensitive element contacts the gas in the sealed air cushion layer 6 of the B cavity through the air pressure balance tube 7. Apart from air, there is no possibility of any liquid or contaminant entering the Cavity, ensuring that the air pressure sensor 8 always works in a dry and clean environment.

[0051] Meanwhile, the water replenishment control valve is located on the lower side of chamber B, and its outlet is connected to the water replenishment interface on the bottom side wall of chamber B via a short pipe in a horizontal or slightly upward manner. When the water replenishment control valve is opened to replenish water, clean water enters chamber B smoothly along the tangential direction or radial direction at the bottom of chamber B, pushing the original water body in chamber B to rise as a whole, rather than directly impacting the upper space of chamber B in a jet manner. This design eliminates the water hammer noise that may be generated by the water replenishment flow or the instantaneous pressure impact on the top sealed air cushion layer 6, effectively ensuring the smoothness and fidelity of the pressure signal obtained by the air pressure sensor 8 in chamber C, and improving the accuracy of liquid level control.

[0052] Example 6: Optionally, this embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 2.

[0053] The bottom of the dust collection and settling chamber 1 (chamber A) is machined into a cone-shaped structure with a large cone angle, typically designed to be 60° to 90°, to facilitate the gravity sliding and aggregation of the settled coal slurry. A slurry discharge port 13 is opened at the bottom of the tip of the cone-shaped structure, which is connected to the slurry discharge pipeline via a flange. A slurry discharge pump is connected in series in the middle section of the slurry discharge pipeline. The slurry discharge pump is selected as a pneumatic diaphragm pump or screw pump with the ability to pass particles. The far end of the slurry discharge pipeline is connected to the inlet of the kneader at the front end of the coal-water slurry preparation production line or other coal slurry recovery devices.

[0054] A concentration sensor 15 is installed on the side wall near the discharge port 13 at the bottom of the conical structure. The concentration sensor 15 can be an online concentration meter based on vibration or optical methods, used to detect the solid content of coal slurry in the area near the bottom in real time. At the same time, a hydraulic pulse generator 14 is installed on another interface of the conical bucket wall. The device consists of a nozzle and a pulse solenoid valve, and the water source is drawn from the spray return water main or the bypass of clean water supply. The controller controls the pulse solenoid valve to open periodically and briefly, so that the high-pressure water flow is pulsed into the interior of the coal slurry deposited at the bottom of the conical bucket.

[0055] The specific working process is as follows: The controller intermittently excites the hydraulic pulse generator 14 according to a preset time cycle. The pulsed water flow generates instantaneous disturbance and shearing on the deposited coal slurry, breaking the "bridging" structure formed between coal powder particles due to electrostatic force or interlocking, so that it is compacted under the action of gravity and slides towards the cone tip discharge port 13. The controller continuously receives the signal from the concentration sensor 15. When the measured concentration value C_real exceeds the preset start concentration threshold C_set, it is determined that a sufficient concentration of recyclable slurry has accumulated at the bottom of the cone. The controller then starts the discharge pump to pump the concentrated coal slurry to the upstream of the pulping line. When the concentration sensor 15 detects that the concentration has fallen back below the lower limit threshold, the discharge pump is stopped, and the next round of sedimentation cycle is waited for. Thus, the water tank is transformed from a simple dust settling container into a process equipment that integrates dust collection, concentration and automatic recovery.

[0056] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatically replenished workshop dust collection water tank, characterized in that: include: The dust collection and settling chamber (1) has an opening at the top for receiving dust-laden fluid; The clean media isolation chamber (2) is used to contain clean liquid. The clean media isolation chamber (2) is connected to the bottom area of ​​the dust collection and settling chamber (1) through a bottom connecting pipe (5) so that the static pressure at the bottom of the two chambers is balanced. The top of the clean media isolation chamber (2) has a sealed air cushion layer (6). The air pressure signal pickup chamber (3) is connected to the sealed air cushion layer (6) at the top of the clean medium isolation chamber (2) through the air pressure balance tube (7). An air pressure sensor (8) is installed in the air pressure signal pickup chamber (3) to detect the air pressure of the sealed air cushion layer (6). A water supply pipeline (4) is connected to the bottom area of ​​the clean medium isolation chamber (2), and a water supply control valve is provided on the water supply pipeline (4); A controller electrically connected to the air pressure sensor (8) and the water supply control valve is configured to control the opening and closing of the water supply control valve based on the air pressure value detected by the air pressure sensor (8).

2. The workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the side wall of the dust settling chamber (1), a slurry overflow port (9) is provided at a preset liquid level, and the slurry overflow port (9) is connected to a slurry collection tank (10).

3. The workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A density sensor (11) is installed in the slurry collection tank (10) to detect the density of the material entering the slurry collection tank (10); a drain valve is installed at the bottom of the slurry collection tank (10); the controller is electrically connected to the density sensor (11) and the drain valve, and is configured to open the drain valve when the density value detected by the density sensor (11) is less than a preset threshold.

4. The workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection settling chamber (1) is equipped with multiple layers of inclined settling plates (12).

5. The workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom connecting pipe (5) is a U-shaped pipe, and a filter screen (16) is provided at the port where the U-shaped pipe connects to the dust collection and settling chamber (1).

6. The workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pressure signal pickup chamber (3) is a sealed cavity, and the air pressure sensor (8) is installed inside the sealed cavity so that the air pressure sensor (8) only contacts the gas medium of the sealed air cushion layer (6) through the air pressure balance tube (7).

7. The workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the water supply pipe (4) is directly connected to the bottom side wall of the clean medium isolation chamber (2), so that the water supply flows in from the bottom of the clean medium isolation chamber (2).

8. The workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (8) is a pressure sensor (8) with temperature compensation function.

9. The workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the dust collection and settling chamber (1) is a conical structure, and a slurry discharge port (13) is provided at the bottom of the conical structure; the slurry discharge port (13) is connected to the coal slurry recovery device through a slurry discharge pipeline, and a slurry discharge pump is provided on the slurry discharge pipeline.

10. The workshop dust collection water tank with automatic water replenishment according to claim 9, characterized in that: A hydraulic pulse generator (14) is provided at the bottom of the conical structure of the dust collection settling chamber (1) for periodically agitating the deposited solids; and a concentration sensor (15) is provided at the bottom of the conical structure; the controller is electrically connected to the concentration sensor (15) and the slurry pump and is configured to start the slurry pump when the concentration value detected by the concentration sensor (15) exceeds a preset value.

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