A multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device for PCD diamond micro powder

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-stage linkage particle size separation device for PCD diamond micropowder, belonging to the technical field of diamond powder manufacturing. It includes a conical shell with a primary cylinder fixedly connected to its upper end. In use, the airflow carrying fine powder passes through the first classifying wheel and continues upward, subsequently splitting: secondary air flows back into the feeding device via a negative pressure guiding device, forming a secondary air circulation; the remaining airflow carries the fine powder and cooperates with the second classifying wheel for powder separation; the returning secondary air, relying on the negative pressure guiding device, forms a stable negative pressure suction environment inside the feeding device, which can pre-disperse and pre-mineralize the diamond micropowder to be separated in the feeding device, effectively eliminating powder agglomeration problems. The pre-treated diamond micropowder and air mixture falls stably from the outlet of the feeding device with the airflow, ensuring not only uniform feeding but also significantly improving the washing and separation effect of coarse and fine powders at the first centrifugal disc, resulting in more thorough fine powder separation and more uniform classification accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of diamond powder manufacturing, and particularly relates to a multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device for PCD diamond micro powder. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, superhard diamond micron powder is a core raw material for polycrystalline diamond composite sheets, precision polishing, and superhard tool processing. The uniformity, dispersibility, and purity of the powder particle size distribution directly determine the hardness, wear resistance, and molding accuracy of the final PCD products. Therefore, high-precision, low-inclusion, and agglomeration-free classification of ultrafine diamond powder is a key process in the field of superhard material processing. Currently, industrial production commonly uses vertical airflow classifiers to complete the dry separation of diamond micron powder. Relying on the principles of airflow entrainment and centrifugal separation, it achieves the classification of coarse and fine powders, possessing advantages such as no pollution, strong adaptability, and high production efficiency, and is widely used in the large-scale production of superhard micron powder.

[0003] Existing vertical airflow classifiers still suffer from numerous inherent technical defects in actual diamond micron powder classification operations, making it difficult to meet the production requirements of narrow particle size distribution and high purity powders needed for high-end PCD sintering and semiconductor precision polishing. Firstly, traditional equipment has a simple feeding structure, with powder falling directly into the classification zone. Diamond micron powder has a large specific surface area and high surface energy, making it highly prone to powder agglomeration. Conventional airflow dispersion methods have limited effectiveness in dispersing stubborn agglomerates, and agglomerated particles are easily misjudged as coarse particles and discharged or mixed in the fine powder finished product, significantly reducing powder classification accuracy and finished product yield. In summary, existing airflow classifiers suffer from severe powder agglomeration, poor dispersion effect, low classification accuracy, and mixing of coarse and fine powders, failing to meet the production requirements of narrow particle size distribution, high dispersibility, and high recovery rate for high-end diamond micron powder. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage linkage particle size separation device for PCD diamond micro powder, which can effectively solve the problem of particle agglomeration, improve separation accuracy, and solve the problem of low separation accuracy caused by particle agglomeration in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-stage linkage particle size separation device for PCD diamond micro powder, comprising a conical shell, a primary cylinder fixedly connected to the upper end face of the conical shell, a secondary cylinder fixedly connected inside the primary cylinder, a vertical shaft assembly rotatably connected inside the secondary cylinder, a first centrifugal disc fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical shaft assembly, a first classifying wheel fixedly connected inside the primary cylinder, the first classifying wheel being coaxially arranged with the first centrifugal disc and located above the first centrifugal disc, a second classifying wheel and a second centrifugal disc fixedly arranged inside the secondary cylinder, the vertical shaft assembly driving the first centrifugal disc to rotate while simultaneously driving the second classifying wheel and the second centrifugal disc to rotate, the discharge port of the feeding device being located above the first centrifugal disc, an air inlet pipe fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical shell, a primary discharge assembly being located at the bottom end of the conical shell; a negative pressure drainage device connected to the discharge port of the feeding device is provided in the annular space between the primary cylinder and the secondary cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, the feeding device includes a feeding tube, and the vertical shaft assembly includes a hollow shaft and a solid shaft fixed to each other. The bottom end of the feeding tube is connected to the top end of the hollow shaft, and the bottom end of the solid shaft is fixedly connected to the first centrifugal disc. Several through holes are opened at the bottom of the outer surface of the hollow shaft to form the discharge port of the feeding device.

[0007] Furthermore, the negative pressure diversion device includes a mixing chamber that is fixedly connected to the feeding pipe and the hollow shaft. The inner bottom wall of the mixing chamber is a conical surface that communicates with the hollow shaft. Several guide holes are opened on the outer surface of the mixing chamber. A driving component is provided between the mixing chamber and the primary cylinder. The hollow shaft drives the second centrifugal disc and the second classifying wheel to rotate through the driving component. The annular space between the primary cylinder and the secondary cylinder is connected to each guide hole through the driving component.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving component includes a return plate fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mixing chamber. The return plate has a return cavity inside. The outer end of each guide hole is connected to the return cavity. Several guide tubes are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the return plate. The top end of each guide tube is connected to the return cavity, and the bottom end of each guide tube is connected to the annular space.

[0009] Furthermore, a first annular plate is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the secondary cylinder, an isolation cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first annular plate, the upper end face of the isolation cylinder is rotatably connected to the second centrifugal disc, a second annular plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the isolation cylinder, a central cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the second annular plate, a hollow shaft is rotatably connected inside the central cylinder, a central plate is fixedly connected to the upper part inside the central cylinder, the hollow shaft is rotatably connected to the central plate, a fixed ring is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the primary cylinder, a rotating ring is rotatably connected between the fixed ring and the central cylinder, the upper end face of the rotating ring is fixedly connected to each guide tube, the bottom end of the guide tube extends to the annular space between the primary and secondary cylinders, and several drive rods are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the rotating ring, the bottom end of each drive rod is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the second classifying wheel.

[0010] Furthermore, a secondary powder silo is formed between the isolation cylinder and the secondary cylinder, and a tertiary powder silo is formed between the isolation cylinder and the central cylinder. A secondary powder discharge pipe and a tertiary powder discharge pipe are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary cylinder. The inner end of the secondary powder discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the secondary cylinder and communicates with the secondary powder silo. The inner end of the tertiary powder discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the isolation cylinder and communicates with the tertiary powder silo.

[0011] Furthermore, a beam tube is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the isolation cylinder, and the bottom end of the vertical beam tube extends above the first centrifuge disc.

[0012] Furthermore, a first spring plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer surface of the beam tube, the bottom end of the first classifying wheel is fixedly connected to the first spring plate, a second spring plate is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the first classifying wheel, the second spring plate is fixedly connected to the first stage cylinder through a mounting plate, and several columns are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the first centrifugal disc, with the top of each column contacting the lower end face of the first spring plate.

[0013] Furthermore, both the first and second grading wheels are provided with grids on their circumferential surfaces, and the grid gap of the second grading wheel is smaller than that of the first grading wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, a motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary cylinder, a drive wheel is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a driven wheel is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the feeding pipe. The drive wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a synchronous belt drive.

[0015] I. The present invention, by setting up a feeding device, a first classifying wheel, a second classifying wheel and a negative pressure guiding device, when the device is in use, the diamond micro powder falling on the upper surface of the first centrifugal disc is evenly thrown to the surroundings by the high-speed rotating first centrifugal disc. The upward airflow and the radially scattered diamond micro powder form a high-speed collision, so that the powder is fully turbulently mixed and thoroughly dispersed. The airflow, carrying the majority of the fine diamond powder, enters the first classifier wheel from its circumference. Larger, coarser particles in the powder, however, fall due to gravity, overcoming the buoyancy of the airflow. After passing through the first classifier wheel, the airflow carrying the fine powder continues upward, then splits: part of the airflow (secondary air) flows back into the feeding device via a negative pressure guide device, forming a secondary air circulation; the remaining airflow, carrying the fine powder, works with the second classifier wheel for powder sorting. The returning secondary air, aided by the negative pressure guide device, creates a stable negative pressure suction environment inside the feeding device, pre-dispersing and breaking down the diamond powder to be sorted, effectively eliminating powder agglomeration. The pre-treated diamond powder and air mixture falls steadily from the feeding device outlet with the airflow, ensuring not only uniform feeding but also significantly improving the washing and separation of coarse and fine powders at the first centrifugal disc, resulting in more thorough fine powder sorting and more uniform classification accuracy.

[0016] II. This invention, by setting up a feeding pipe, a hollow shaft, a mixing chamber, a return plate, and a guide pipe, allows the diamond powder to enter the guide pipe in a secondary direction during use, then enter the return plate, and then enter the mixing chamber. The powder then flows downwards at an accelerated rate within the mixing chamber, creating negative pressure that draws the diamond powder from the feeding pipe. This allows the diamond powder and airflow to simultaneously enter the hollow shaft, ensuring thorough mixing and breaking up any agglomerates. Simultaneously, the rotation of the hollow shaft continuously agitates and centrifugally combs the diamond powder being transported internally, effectively dispersing agglomerated particles and achieving a pre-dispersion effect during the feeding and conveying stage, thus preventing powder agglomeration and accumulation from the source. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the primary and secondary cylinders in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the primary cylinder, secondary cylinder, and conical shell in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the primary cylinder, secondary cylinder, and conical shell in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the primary cylindrical body in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the primary cylindrical body in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the secondary cylinder in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the secondary cylinder in this invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first centrifuge disk in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the central cylinder in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the central cylinder in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the central cylinder in this invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the hybrid interior in this invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the hollow shaft in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram, 1. Conical shell; 2. Primary cylinder; 3. Secondary cylinder; 4. First centrifugal disc; 5. First classifying wheel; 6. Second classifying wheel; 7. Second centrifugal disc; 8. Feeding device; 9. Air inlet pipe; 10. Primary discharge assembly; 11. Negative pressure diversion device; 12. Feeding pipe; 13. Hollow shaft; 14. Solid shaft; 15. Through hole; 16. Mixing chamber; 17. Guide hole; 18. Return plate; 19. Guide pipe; 20. First annular plate; 21. Isolation cylinder; 22. Second annular plate; 23. Central cylinder; 24. Central plate; 25. Fixed ring; 26. Rotating ring; 27. Drive rod; 28. Secondary powder discharge pipe; 29. ​​Tertiary powder discharge pipe; 30. Flow tube; 31. First spring plate; 32. Second spring plate; 33. Mounting plate; 34. Column; 35. Support column; 36. Spiral plate; 37. Flow guide shroud; 38. Baffle plate; 39. Flow guide vertical hole; 40. Motor; 41. Drive wheel; 42. Driven wheel; 43. Synchronous belt; 44. Bushing; 45. Discharge pipe; 46. Blade; 47. Operating platform; 48. Support leg; 49. Support rod; 50. Top plate; 51. Feeding cup; 52. Vertical lifting machine; 53. Conveying pipe; 54. Feeding pipe; 55. Feeding hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Please see Figure 1-15 The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: The PCD diamond micro powder multi-stage linkage particle size separation device of the present invention includes a conical shell 1, a primary cylinder 2 fixedly connected to the upper end face of the conical shell 1, a secondary cylinder 3 fixedly connected inside the primary cylinder 2, a vertical shaft assembly rotatably connected inside the secondary cylinder 3, a first centrifugal disc 4 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical shaft assembly, a first classifying wheel 5 fixedly connected inside the primary cylinder 2, the first classifying wheel 5 being coaxially arranged with the first centrifugal disc 4 and located above the first centrifugal disc 4, a second classifying wheel 6 and a second centrifugal disc 7 fixedly arranged inside the secondary cylinder 3, the vertical shaft assembly driving the first centrifugal disc 4 to rotate while simultaneously driving the second classifying wheel 6 and the second centrifugal disc 7 to rotate, the discharge port of the feeding device 8 being located above the first centrifugal disc 4, an air inlet pipe 9 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical shell 1, the air inlet pipe 9 being connected to an air source, a primary discharge assembly 10 being arranged at the bottom end of the conical shell 1; a negative pressure diversion device 11 connected to the discharge port of the feeding device 8 is arranged in the annular space between the primary cylinder 2 and the secondary cylinder 3.

[0020] When the equipment is working, diamond micron powder is fed into the equipment through the feeding device 8 and falls from the discharge port of the feeding device 8 onto the upper surface of the first centrifugal disc 4. At the same time, the vertical shaft assembly rotates, synchronously driving the first centrifugal disc 4, the second centrifugal disc 7, and the second classifying wheel 6 to rotate as a whole. A constant pressure airflow is continuously introduced into the equipment through the air inlet pipe 9. The airflow entering the conical shell 1 is divided into two paths: one flows downward, driving the primary discharge assembly 10 to operate; the other flows upward to form primary air, participating in the powder classification and sorting operation.

[0021] Diamond powder falling onto the upper surface of the first centrifugal disc 4 is evenly flung to all sides by the high-speed rotation of the first centrifugal disc 4. The upward airflow and the radially dispersed diamond powder form a high-speed collision, which makes the powder fully turbulently mixed and thoroughly dispersed. The airflow carries most of the fine diamond powder into the interior of the first classifying wheel 5 from its circumference; while the heavier particles with larger mass and coarser particle size in the powder fall under the action of gravity, overcoming the buoyancy of the airflow, and fall into the interior of the conical shell 1. Finally, they are discharged through the primary discharge component 10, completing the primary separation of coarse powder and obtaining primary powder.

[0022] After passing through the first classifier wheel 5, the airflow carrying fine powder continues to rise to the top of the annular space between the first-stage cylinder 2 and the second-stage cylinder 3, where it splits: part of the airflow (secondary air) flows back to the inside of the feeding device 8 through the negative pressure guide device 11, forming a secondary air circulation; the remaining airflow carries fine powder from the top of the second-stage cylinder 3 into the inside of the second-stage cylinder 3, and through the sorting action of the second centrifugal disc 7 and the second classifier wheel 6, the secondary and tertiary powders are further separated, ultimately achieving multi-stage linkage and precise sorting of diamond micro powder.

[0023] The secondary airflow, relying on the negative pressure diversion device 11, forms a stable negative pressure suction environment inside the feeding device 8, which can pre-disperse and pre-mineralize the diamond powder to be sorted inside the feeding device 8, effectively eliminating the problem of powder agglomeration. The pre-treated diamond powder and air mixture falls steadily from the outlet of the feeding device 8 with the airflow, which not only ensures the uniformity of feeding, but also greatly improves the washing and separation effect of coarse and fine powders at the first centrifugal disc 4, making the fine powder sorting more thorough and the grading accuracy more uniform.

[0024] In this embodiment, the feeding device 8 includes a feeding pipe 12, and the vertical shaft assembly includes a hollow shaft 13 and a solid shaft 14 fixed to each other. The bottom end of the feeding pipe 12 is connected to the top end of the hollow shaft 13, and the bottom end of the solid shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the first centrifugal disc 4. Several through holes 15 are opened at the bottom of the outer surface of the hollow shaft 13 to form the discharge port of the feeding device 8. When the equipment is working, diamond micro powder is fed in through the feeding pipe 12. The powder slides down along the internal channel of the hollow shaft 13 and is smoothly discharged through the through holes 15 at the bottom end of the hollow shaft 13 (i.e., the discharge port of the feeding device 8). Finally, it falls steadily onto the upper surface of the first centrifugal disc 4 to complete the uniform feeding operation. During the high-speed rotation of the hollow shaft 13, it can generate continuous swirling disturbance and centrifugal combing effect on the diamond micro powder conveyed inside, effectively breaking up the agglomerated particles of the material and realizing the pre-dispersion effect of the powder in the feeding and conveying stage, thus avoiding the agglomeration and accumulation of powder from the source.

[0025] In this embodiment, the negative pressure diversion device 11 includes a mixing chamber 16 that is fixedly connected to the feeding pipe 12 and the hollow shaft 13. The inner bottom wall of the mixing chamber 16 is a conical surface that communicates with the hollow shaft 13. A plurality of guide holes 17 are opened on the outer surface of the mixing chamber 16. A driving component is provided between the mixing chamber 16 and the first-stage cylinder 2. The hollow shaft 13 drives the second centrifugal disc 7 and the second classifying wheel 6 to rotate through the driving component. The annular space between the first-stage cylinder 2 and the second-stage cylinder 3 is connected to each guide hole 17 through the driving component.

[0026] In this embodiment, the driving component includes a reflux plate 18 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mixing chamber 16. The reflux plate 18 has a reflux cavity inside. The outer end of each guide hole 17 is connected to the reflux cavity. A plurality of guide pipes 19 are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the reflux plate 18. The top end of each guide pipe 19 is connected to the reflux cavity, and the bottom end of each guide pipe 19 is connected to the annular space.

[0027] In this embodiment, a first annular plate 20 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the secondary cylinder 3, and an isolation cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first annular plate 20. The upper end face of the isolation cylinder 21 is rotatably connected to the second centrifugal disk 7. A second annular plate 22 is fixedly connected inside the isolation cylinder 21, and a central cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the second annular plate 22. A hollow shaft 13 is rotatably connected inside the central cylinder 23, and a central plate 24 is fixedly connected to the upper part inside the central cylinder 23. The hollow shaft 13 is rotatably connected to the central plate 24. A fixing ring 25 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the primary cylinder 2, and the fixing ring 25 and the central cylinder 23 are rotatably connected. A rotating ring 26 is connected to each of the guide pipes 19. The bottom end of the guide pipe 19 extends into the annular space between the first-stage cylinder 2 and the second-stage cylinder 3, so as to realize the purpose of connecting the guide pipe 19 with the annular space. Several drive rods 27 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating ring 26. The bottom end of each drive rod 27 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second classifying wheel 6, so as to realize the purpose of driving the second classifying wheel 6 to rotate through the mixing chamber 16, the return plate 18, the guide pipe 19, the rotating ring 26 and the drive rod 27 in sequence. The first annular plate 20 and the second annular plate 22 are both inclined to facilitate material discharge.

[0028] In this embodiment, a secondary powder silo is formed between the isolation cylinder 21 and the secondary cylinder 3, and a tertiary powder silo is formed between the isolation cylinder 21 and the central cylinder 23. A secondary powder discharge pipe 28 and a tertiary powder discharge pipe 29 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary cylinder 2. The inner end of the secondary powder discharge pipe 28 is fixedly connected to the secondary cylinder 3 and communicates with the secondary powder silo. The inner end of the tertiary powder discharge pipe 29 is fixedly connected to the isolation cylinder 21 and communicates with the tertiary powder silo.

[0029] In this embodiment, a beam tube 30 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the isolation cylinder 21, and the bottom end of the vertical tube extends to the top of the first centrifugal disc 4, so that the gas and powder mixture discharged from the through hole 15 of the hollow shaft 13 can be guided to the top of the first centrifugal disc 4.

[0030] In this embodiment, a first spring plate 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer surface of the beam tube 30. The bottom end of the first classifying wheel 5 is fixedly connected to the first spring plate 31, and a second spring plate 32 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the first classifying wheel 5. The second spring plate 32 is fixedly connected to the first stage cylinder 2 through the mounting plate 33. Several columns 34 are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the first centrifugal disk 4, and the top of each column 34 is in contact with the lower end face of the first spring plate 31. During the operation of the equipment, the first centrifugal disk 4 rotates and drives each column 34 to rotate synchronously in the circumferential direction. The rotating column 34 and the lower end face of the first spring plate 31 continuously generate sliding displacement, causing the first spring plate 31 to be subjected to periodic compression and friction, resulting in high-frequency vibration, which in turn drives the first classifying wheel 5 to form micro-amplitude high-frequency vibration. When the airflow carries diamond micro powder into the interior from the circumferential surface of the first classifying wheel 5, the vibrating first classifying wheel 5 can continuously collide with the powder particles at high frequency and disturb the airflow field. Among them, powder particles with larger particle size and heavier mass have greater weight and are difficult to rise with the airflow. Under the combined effect of vibration disturbance and gravity, they settle downwards, effectively achieving the separation of coarse and fine particles and significantly improving the classification accuracy. At the same time, the high-frequency vibration of the first classifying wheel 5 can fully disperse the agglomerated powder that has not been completely separated in the airflow, thoroughly improving the problem of powder agglomeration and inclusion, and further enhancing the powder dispersion effect and the quality of primary sorting.

[0031] 1. Feeding: When the equipment is working, diamond powder is fed into the mixing chamber 16 through the feeding pipe 12. A portion of the air (secondary air) in the annular space between the primary cylinder 2 and the secondary cylinder 3 enters upward into each guide pipe 19, and then into the return cavity of the return plate 18. The air then enters the mixing chamber 16 through the guide hole 17 and flows downward into the hollow shaft 13. It then exits through the through hole 15 of the hollow shaft 13, enters the beam pipe 30, and then exits from above the first centrifugal disc 4. The secondary air flows downward in the mixing chamber 16 and is accelerated by the constriction effect of the conical surface of the bottom wall of the mixing chamber 16. The downward flow of secondary air carries away the air in the mixing chamber 16, creating a negative pressure inside the mixing chamber 16. This negative pressure has a suction effect on the diamond powder in the feeding pipe 12, causing the diamond powder and gas to enter the hollow shaft 13 together and then exit from the through hole 15 of the hollow shaft 13. The mixture then enters the flow tube 30 and exits from above the first centrifugal disc 4. During the high-speed rotation of the hollow shaft 13, it can generate continuous swirling disturbance and centrifugal combing effect on the diamond micro powder conveyed inside, effectively breaking up agglomerated particles and achieving a pre-dispersion effect of the powder during the feeding and conveying stage, thus preventing powder agglomeration and accumulation from the source.

[0032] 2. At the same time, the feeding pipe 12 is driven to rotate by the driving device. The feeding pipe 12 drives the first centrifugal disc 4 to rotate through the mixing chamber 16, the hollow shaft 13 and the solid shaft 14 in sequence. The rotation of the mixing chamber 16 drives the second classifying wheel 6 and the second centrifugal disc 7 to rotate through the reflux disc 18, the guide pipe 19, the rotating ring 26 and the driving rod 27 in sequence.

[0033] 3. A constant pressure airflow continuously enters the conical shell 1 through the air inlet pipe 9. The airflow inside the conical shell 1 is divided into two paths: one flows downward, driving the primary discharge component 10; the other flows upward (primary air) to participate in the powder classification and sorting operation: a. The gas and powder mixture discharged from the vertical pipe in step 1 falls onto the first centrifugal disc 4. As the first centrifugal disc 4 rotates at high speed, it is evenly thrown to the surroundings. The primary air and the radially dispersed diamond micropowder form a high-speed collision, which makes the powder fully turbulently mixed and thoroughly dispersed. b. The primary air carries most of the fine diamond micropowder and enters the interior of the first classifying wheel 5 from its circumference (the first classifying wheel 5 vibrates); while the heavier particles with larger mass and coarser particle size in the powder fall under the action of gravity, overcoming the buoyancy of the airflow, and fall into the conical shell 1. Finally, they are discharged through the primary discharge component 10, completing the primary separation of coarse powder and obtaining primary powder. c. After passing through the first classifier wheel 5, the airflow carrying fine powder continues to rise to the top of the annular space between the primary cylinder 2 and the secondary cylinder 3, where it splits: part of the airflow (secondary air) enters the mixing chamber 16 upwards to participate in step 1, forming a secondary air circulation; the remaining airflow (tertiary air) carries fine powder from the top of the secondary cylinder 3 into the interior of the secondary cylinder 3, and then the tertiary air enters the interior of the second classifier wheel 6 from the circumference of the rotating second classifier wheel 6. The tertiary air has lower pressure and velocity than the primary air, and its carrying capacity is less than that of the primary air. Therefore, some larger powder particles fall downwards into the secondary powder chamber between the isolation cylinder 21 and the secondary cylinder 3 to form secondary powder, while smaller powder particles enter the interior of the second classifier wheel 6 with the tertiary air and flow downwards into the tertiary powder chamber between the isolation cylinder 21 and the central cylinder 23 to form tertiary powder, thus achieving the screening of tertiary powder. The secondary powder is discharged from the secondary powder discharge pipe 28, and the tertiary powder is discharged from the tertiary powder discharge pipe 29.

[0034] Note that the powder discharged from the secondary powder discharge pipe 28 and the tertiary powder discharge pipe 29 is not pure powder, but a gas-powder mixture, which needs to be separated by a dust collector, such as a bag filter, to obtain pure powder.

[0035] In this embodiment, a number of support columns 35 are fixedly connected between the primary cylinder 2 and the secondary cylinder 3, and the primary cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the secondary cylinder 3 through the number of support columns 35.

[0036] To enhance the coordination between the tertiary air and the second classifier wheel 6 within the secondary cylinder 3, in this embodiment, a spiral plate 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the secondary cylinder 3, and a flow guide hood 37 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spiral plate 36. A partition plate 38 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the flow guide hood 37, and the partition plate 38 is rotatably connected to the second classifier wheel 6. A predetermined gap is reserved between the inner wall of the flow guide hood 37 and the second centrifugal disc 7 to allow the secondary powder to fall downwards. Several inclined vertical guide holes 39 are opened on the circumferential surface of the flow guide hood 37. When the tertiary air flows from top to bottom, it first enters the spiral plate 36 and flows around the flow guide hood 37, while simultaneously entering the space between the flow guide hood 37 and the second classifier wheel 6 through the vertical guide holes 39, and then enters the interior of the second classifier wheel 6, extending the residence time of coarse powder, resulting in more thorough washing of fine powder and an increase in recovery rate of 5-10%.

[0037] In this embodiment, both the first grading wheel 5 and the second grading wheel 6 are provided with grids on their circumferential surfaces, and the grid gap of the second grading wheel 6 is smaller than the grid gap of the first grading wheel 5.

[0038] In this embodiment, a motor 40 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary cylinder 2, and a drive wheel 41 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 40. A driven wheel 42 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the feeding pipe 12. The drive wheel 41 and the driven wheel 42 are connected by a synchronous belt 43. The motor 40 drives the feeding pipe 12 to rotate through the drive wheel 41, the synchronous belt 43, and the driven wheel 42. The feeding pipe 12 then drives the first centrifugal disc 4 to rotate through the mixing chamber 16, the hollow shaft 13, and the solid shaft 14 in sequence. The rotation of the mixing chamber 16 drives the second classifying wheel 6 and the second centrifugal disc 7 to rotate through the reflux disc 18, the guide pipe 19, the rotating ring 26, and the drive rod 27 in sequence. In this embodiment, a bushing 44 is fixedly connected inside the central cylinder 23, and the bushing 44 is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft 13. This increases the smoothness of the rotation of the hollow shaft 13.

[0039] In this embodiment, the primary discharge assembly 10 includes a discharge pipe 45 that is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the conical shell 1. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the discharge pipe 45, and a plurality of blades 46 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft. In use, the downward flowing air blows the blades 46 to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the primary powder is discharged following the rotation of the blades 46. The primary powder also needs to be dusted and separated to obtain pure powder.

[0040] In this embodiment, an operating platform 47 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical shell 1. Several support legs 48 are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the operating platform 47. A top plate 50 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the operating platform 47 through several support rods 49. The feeding pipe 12 is rotatably connected to the top plate 50. A feeding cup 51 is fixedly connected to the top end of the feeding pipe 12. A vertical lifting machine 52 is fixedly connected to the right side of the operating platform 47. A conveying pipe 53 is fixedly connected to the top end of the vertical lifting machine 52. A feeding pipe 54 is fixedly connected to the end of the conveying pipe 53. The feeding pipe 54 is inserted into the feeding cup 51 and rotatably connected to the feeding cup 51. A feeding hopper 55 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the right side of the vertical lifting machine 52. In use, the vertical lifting machine 52 continuously lifts the diamond powder and outputs it from the conveying pipe 53. Then, it falls from the feeding pipe 54 into the feeding cup 51 and then into the feeding pipe 12, thus achieving the purpose of continuous feeding.

Claims

1. A PCD diamond micropowder multi-stage cascading particle size sorting apparatus, characterized in that: The device includes a conical shell, a primary cylinder fixedly connected to its upper end, a secondary cylinder fixedly connected inside the primary cylinder, a vertical shaft assembly rotatably connected inside the secondary cylinder, a first centrifugal disc fixedly connected to its bottom end, a first classifying wheel fixedly connected inside the primary cylinder, the first classifying wheel being coaxially arranged with the first centrifugal disc and located above the first centrifugal disc, and a second classifying wheel and a second centrifugal disc fixedly arranged inside the secondary cylinder. The vertical shaft assembly drives the first centrifugal disc to rotate while simultaneously driving the second classifying wheel and the second centrifugal disc to rotate. The discharge port of the feeding device is located above the first centrifugal disc. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical shell, and a primary discharge assembly is located at the bottom end of the conical shell. A negative pressure drainage device connected to the discharge port of the feeding device is provided in the annular space between the primary and secondary cylinders.

2. The multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device includes a feeding tube, and the vertical shaft assembly includes a hollow shaft and a solid shaft that are fixed to each other. The bottom end of the feeding tube is connected to the top end of the hollow shaft, and the bottom end of the solid shaft is fixedly connected to the first centrifugal disc. Several through holes are opened at the bottom of the outer surface of the hollow shaft to form the discharge port of the feeding device.

3. The multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The negative pressure diversion device includes a mixing chamber that is fixedly connected to the feeding pipe and the hollow shaft. The inner bottom wall of the mixing chamber is a conical surface that communicates with the hollow shaft. Several guide holes are opened on the outer surface of the mixing chamber. A driving component is provided between the mixing chamber and the primary cylinder. The hollow shaft drives the second centrifugal disc and the second classifying wheel to rotate through the driving component. The annular space between the primary cylinder and the secondary cylinder is connected to each guide hole through the driving component.

4. The multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving component includes a return plate fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mixing chamber. The return plate has a return cavity inside. The outer end of each guide hole is connected to the return cavity. Several guide pipes are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the return plate. The top end of each guide pipe is connected to the return cavity, and the bottom end of each guide pipe is connected to the annular space.

5. The multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end face of the secondary cylinder is fixedly connected to a first annular plate, the inner side wall of the first annular plate is fixedly connected to an isolation cylinder, the upper end face of the isolation cylinder is rotatably connected to a second centrifugal disc, the interior of the isolation cylinder is fixedly connected to a second annular plate, the upper end face of the second annular plate is fixedly connected to a central cylinder, a hollow shaft is rotatably connected inside the central cylinder, the upper part of the interior of the central cylinder is fixedly connected to a central plate, the hollow shaft is rotatably connected to the central plate, the upper end face of the primary cylinder is fixedly connected to a fixed ring, a rotating ring is rotatably connected between the fixed ring and the central cylinder, the upper end face of the rotating ring is fixedly connected to each guide tube, the bottom end of the guide tube extends to the annular space between the primary and secondary cylinders, the lower end face of the rotating ring is fixedly connected to several drive rods, the bottom end of each drive rod is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the second classifying wheel.

6. The multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The isolation cylinder and the secondary cylinder form a secondary powder silo, and the isolation cylinder and the central cylinder form a tertiary powder silo. The outer surface of the primary cylinder is fixedly connected to a secondary powder discharge pipe and a tertiary powder discharge pipe. The inner end of the secondary powder discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the secondary cylinder and communicates with the secondary powder silo. The inner end of the tertiary powder discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the isolation cylinder and communicates with the tertiary powder silo.

7. The multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A beam tube is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the isolation cylinder, and the bottom end of the vertical tube extends to the top of the first centrifuge disk.

8. The multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first spring plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer surface of the beam tube. The bottom end of the first classifying wheel is fixedly connected to the first spring plate. A second spring plate is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the first classifying wheel. The second spring plate is fixedly connected to the first stage cylinder through a mounting plate. Several columns are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the first centrifugal disc. The top of each column is in contact with the lower end face of the first spring plate.

9. The multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first and second grading wheels are both provided with grids on their circumferential surfaces, and the grid gap of the second grading wheel is smaller than that of the first grading wheel.

10. The multi-stage linkage particle size sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary cylinder, and a drive wheel is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. A driven wheel is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the feeding pipe, and the drive wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a synchronous belt drive.

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