A medium-large size steel casting coated sand shell forming device

Abstract

This invention provides a coated sand shell molding device for medium and large-sized cast steel parts, relating to the field of casting technology. It includes a frame, on which a dual-station mold closing mechanism, a dual-sand-shoot mechanism, a mold heating and curing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and an intelligent control and energy-saving system are integrated. By integrating multiple mechanisms and a control and energy-saving system onto the frame, this invention achieves efficient molding of medium and large-sized cast steel parts. This effectively improves upon traditional single-station shell molding machines, which suffer from long heating, curing, and cooling times compared to medium and large-sized molds, and even longer subsequent auxiliary processes such as manual core removal and mold cleaning. This significantly extends the effective production cycle time of a single machine, becoming a major bottleneck restricting capacity expansion and failing to meet the demands of bulk orders.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of casting technology, specifically to a coated sand shell forming device for medium and large-sized cast steel parts. Background Technology

[0002] Coated sand cores (also known as "coated sand cores" or "shell cores") are a precision casting process that plays a crucial role in the production of high-end cast steel parts (especially complex, demanding medium-to-large-sized critical components) in aerospace, automotive, high-speed rail, and heavy machinery industries due to their ability to produce high-quality sand cores with high dimensional accuracy, smooth surfaces, and dense interiors. As the manufacturing industry develops towards high-end and large-scale production, the demand for medium-to-large-sized cast steel parts weighing over 500 kg and with dimensions exceeding 1 meter is increasing, posing unprecedented challenges to the production technology of coated sand cores, which form the basis for these parts.

[0003] Traditional coated sand shell molding, especially for medium to large castings, typically uses or simply scales up shell molding machines or core shooters designed for small castings. However, traditional single-station shell molding machines must complete all processes sequentially within a single production cycle, including mold closing, sand shooting, heating and curing, cooling, mold opening, core removal, and cleaning. For medium to large molds, the heating, curing, and cooling times are already long, and subsequent auxiliary processes such as manual core removal and mold cleaning are even more time-consuming. This significantly lengthens the effective production cycle time of a single machine, becoming a major bottleneck restricting capacity increases and failing to meet the demands of bulk orders. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a coated sand shell molding device for medium to large cast steel parts to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a coated sand shell molding device for medium and large cast steel parts, which solves the above-mentioned problem: compared with medium and large molds, traditional single-station shell molding machines have long heating, curing and cooling times, and subsequent auxiliary processes such as manual core removal and mold cleaning are even more time-consuming. This seriously lengthens the effective production cycle of a single machine, becoming the main bottleneck restricting capacity improvement and failing to meet the technical problem of batch order demand.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a coated sand shell molding device for medium and large cast steel parts, comprising: a frame, wherein the frame is integrated with a dual-station mold closing mechanism, a dual-sand injection mechanism, a mold heating and curing mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, as well as an intelligent control and energy-saving system; The dual-station mold closing mechanism includes two sets of symmetrically arranged horizontal mold closing units. Each set of horizontal mold closing units consists of a fixed plate, a movable plate, multiple parallel guide columns, and a mold closing cylinder. The bottom end of the fixed plate on the right side is fixedly connected to the placement plate at the top of the frame. The movable plate is located on the side of the fixed plate near the frame, and multiple parallel guide columns are fixedly installed around the perimeter of the movable plate. The other ends of the multiple parallel guide columns pass through the fixed plate and are slidably connected to the fixed plate. The fixed end of the mold closing cylinder is installed on one side of the fixed plate, and the output end of the mold closing cylinder passes through the fixed plate and is fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate. The other end of the movable plate is connected to the mold mounting mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the mold installation mechanism includes: a second fixed plate, which is fixedly installed at the middle end of the frame, and a fixed end of a cylinder telescopic assembly is fixedly installed on the side of the second fixed plate away from the middle of the frame. A second movable plate is fixedly installed at the output end of the cylinder telescopic assembly. A first mold and a second mold are fixedly installed between the first movable plate and the second movable plate, and the first mold and the second mold cooperate with each other.

[0007] Preferably, the mold heating and curing mechanism includes: a partitioned heating plate and a temperature sensor embedded inside the mold. The partitioned heating plate is arranged in sections according to the mold cavity area, parting surface area, and edge area. Each area is independently equipped with a temperature sensor and a PID temperature control module. The partitioned heating plate of the mold heating and curing mechanism is made of high-efficiency electric heating tube material, and the outer surface of the mold is covered with an aluminum silicate fiber heat insulation layer.

[0008] Preferably, a mounting box is provided at the rear end of the frame, and a support frame is fixedly installed at the top of the mounting box. A dual-head sand-shooting mechanism is installed on the left and right sides of the support frame. The dual-head sand-shooting mechanism includes: a top sand storage hopper, two independently controlled sand-shooting heads, and an air storage and pressure stabilizing component. The sand storage hopper is fixedly installed at the top of the support frame, and the bottom of the sand storage hopper is connected to the two sand-shooting heads. The sand-shooting heads are respectively set to correspond to the mold cavities of two sets of horizontal mold closing units. The air storage and pressure stabilizing component is connected to the pneumatic circuit of the sand-shooting head, and a flow regulating component is provided between the bottom of the sand storage hopper and the two sand-shooting heads.

[0009] Preferably, the gas storage and pressure stabilizing assembly includes: a vertical gas storage tank and a pressure sensor. The pneumatic circuit of the vertical gas storage tank and the sand-shooting head is connected through a connecting pipe, and a solenoid valve is provided on the connecting pipe. An automatic drain valve is provided at the bottom of the vertical gas storage tank, and the pressure sensor is connected to the inside of the vertical gas storage tank.

[0010] Preferably, the flow regulating component includes: a second electric telescopic rod, which is fixedly installed at the bottom end of a first mounting plate. The first mounting plate is fixedly installed between a first slide rail and a support frame. A movable plate is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric telescopic rod. The movable plate is slidably connected to the second slide rail, which is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the first slide rail. The bottom end of the movable plate is connected to the sand-shooting head through a second connecting pipe. The bottom end of the sand storage hopper is connected to the movable plate through a short pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the sand-shooting head consists of a sand-shooting head shell and a sand-shooting head inner liner, and the top of the sand-shooting head inner liner is provided with an output end of a clamping cylinder. The fixed end of the clamping cylinder is slidably connected to a slide rail provided at the top of the support frame, and the left and right ends of the slide rail are connected to the sand-shooting head shell through rollers. The fixed end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the support frame, and the output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the sand-shooting head shell.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism comprises a displacement component, a cleaning component, and a conveying component, wherein the displacement component consists of a longitudinal moving unit and a vertical moving unit; The longitudinal moving unit includes: a drive motor, which is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting box, and the output end of the drive motor is fixedly installed on the moving end of the telescopic guide rail, the fixed end of the telescopic guide rail being installed on the top of the mounting box. The vertical moving unit includes: a second drive motor, which is fixedly mounted on the top mounting plate 2 at the end of the telescopic guide rail, and the output end of the first drive motor is connected to a threaded rod, which is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve; the bottom ends of several telescopic positioning rods are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 2; and the top ends of the telescopic positioning rods are connected to the cleaning assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes: a cleaning box, which is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 2 via a telescopic positioning rod; a drive motor 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cleaning box; a bevel gear 1 is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor 3; the bevel gear 1 meshes with a bevel gear 2; the bevel gear 2 is fixedly installed on a rotating shaft; the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cleaning box; and a half gear is also fixedly installed on the rotating shaft; angle adjustment components are provided at the left and right ends of the half gear. The angle adjustment assembly includes: a rack, one side of which is meshed with a half gear, the other side of which is fixedly connected to one end of a slider, the bottom end of which is connected to the inner wall of the cleaning box via a return spring, and the other end of the slider passing through the cleaning box and fixedly connected to an adjustment plate. The other end of the adjustment plate is movably connected to two sets of spraying units via a short rod. The spraying unit includes: a long rod movably connected to a short rod, the long rod being connected to multiple sets of adjusting blocks, one end of each adjusting block being fixedly connected to a nozzle, and the other end of each adjusting block being movably connected to a U-shaped block. The U-shaped block is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cleaning box. The nozzle is connected to a water pump and a dust removal fan via a conduit. Electromagnetic valves two and three are respectively connected to the conduits of the water pump and the dust removal fan. The water pump and the dust removal fan are fixedly installed on a partition. A filter screen is slidably connected back and forth on the inner wall of the cleaning box at the bottom of the partition. The bottom end of the filter screen is slidably connected back and forth on a support block. The front end of the filter screen has an opening, and an inclined plate is fixedly installed at the front end of the opening. A water supply pipe and a drain pipe are fixedly installed on the top end of the partition and the bottom end of the filter screen on the outer wall of the cleaning box, respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the intelligent control and energy-saving system includes: a PLC control cabinet, a touch screen and an energy management module. The PLC control cabinet is fixedly installed on the top of the placement plate, and a touch screen is provided at the front end of the PLC control cabinet. The PLC control cabinet is electrically connected to the dual-station mold closing mechanism, the dual-head sand injection mechanism, the mold heating and curing mechanism and the cleaning mechanism respectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention integrates a dual-station mold closing mechanism, a dual-screw sand injection mechanism, a mold heating and curing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and an intelligent control and energy-saving system into one compact structure with a small footprint, making it very convenient and practical. 2. The coated sand of this invention has good fluidity and easy demolding performance, which can quickly fill the mold cavity and facilitate demolding, thereby improving the production efficiency of castings. In addition, the device integrates a dual-station mold closing mechanism and a dual-sand injection mechanism, which is suitable for the production of castings with large batches and high precision requirements. It creates conditions for the mechanization and automation of casting production and is very convenient and practical. 3. The raw materials for the coated sand casting process of this invention are only coated sand, industrial electricity and compressed air. Compared with traditional investment casting, the types of raw materials are reduced and the cost is reduced. In addition, the mold heating and curing mechanism uses high-efficiency electric heating tube material and is covered with aluminum silicate fiber heat insulation layer, which reduces heat loss and energy consumption, making it very convenient and practical. 4. By setting up an intelligent control and energy-saving system, this invention facilitates real-time monitoring and adjustment of the working status of each mechanism, thereby improving production efficiency and casting quality, making it very convenient and practical. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a front view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a right view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a left view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a rear bottom view of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 6 This is a rear view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the cleaning box of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a side view of the cleaning box of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a top view of the internal structure of the cleaning box of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting box of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Fixed plate one; 3. Moving plate one; 4. Parallel guide column; 5. Mold closing cylinder; 6. Placement plate; 7. Fixed plate two; 8. Cylinder telescopic assembly; 9. Moving plate two; 10. Mold one; 11. Mold two; 12. Mounting box; 13. Support frame; 14. Sand storage hopper; 15. Shot gun head; 151. Shot gun head outer shell; 152. Shot gun head inner liner; 16. Vertical air tank; 17. Automatic drain valve; 18. Connecting pipe one; 19. Solenoid valve one; 20. Clamping cylinder; 21. Slide rail one; 22. Roller; 23. Electric telescopic rod one; 24. Electric telescopic rod two; 25. Mounting plate one; 26. Movable plate; 27. Slide rail two; 28. Connecting pipe two; 29. ​​Short pipe; 30. Drive motor one; 31. 32. Telescopic guide rail; 33. Drive motor II; 34. Mounting plate II; 35. Threaded rod; 36. Threaded sleeve; 37. Telescopic positioning rod; 38. Cleaning box; 39. Drive motor III; 40. Bevel gear I; 41. Bevel gear II; 42. Rotating shaft; 43. Half gear; 44. Rack; 45. Slider; 46. Adjusting plate; 47. Short rod; 48. Long rod; 49. Adjusting block; 50. Nozzle; 51. U-shaped block; 52. Conduit; 53. Water pump; 54. Dust collector fan; 55. Solenoid valve II; 56. Solenoid valve III; 57. Partition plate; 58. Filter screen; 59. Support block; 60. Opening; 61. Inclined plate; 62. Water supply pipe; 63. Drainage pipe; 64. PLC control cabinet; 65. Touch screen; 66. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] Furthermore, in this invention, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for descriptive purposes only and does not specifically refer to any order or sequence, nor is it intended to limit the invention. They are merely used to distinguish components or operations described using the same technical terms and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions and features of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If a combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0020] The present invention provides the following embodiments: Example 1 This invention provides a coated sand shell forming device for medium and large cast steel parts, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a frame 1, on which a dual-station mold closing mechanism, a dual-screw sand injection mechanism, a mold heating and curing mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, as well as an intelligent control and energy-saving system are integrated; The dual-station mold closing mechanism includes two sets of symmetrically arranged horizontal mold closing units. Each set of horizontal mold closing units consists of a fixed plate 2, a movable plate 3, multiple parallel guide columns 4, and a mold closing cylinder 5. The bottom end of the fixed plate 2 on the right side is fixedly connected to the placement plate 6 at the top of the frame 1. The movable plate 3 is located on the side of the fixed plate 2 near the frame 1, and multiple parallel guide columns 4 are fixedly installed on one end of the movable plate 3. The other end of the multiple parallel guide columns 4 passes through the fixed plate 2 and is slidably connected to the fixed plate 2. The fixed end of the mold closing cylinder 5 is installed on one side of the fixed plate 2, and the output end of the mold closing cylinder 5 passes through the fixed plate 2 and is fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate 3. The other end of the movable plate 3 is connected to the mold mounting mechanism.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: This invention integrates multiple mechanisms and control and energy-saving systems on the frame, and controls the operation of each unit to achieve effective forming of medium and large-sized cast steel parts; by setting two sets of symmetrically arranged horizontal mold-closing units, the working efficiency of the equipment is improved; and the setting of multiple parallel guide columns 4 prevents their position from shifting. This effectively improves upon the technical problem that traditional single-station shell molding machines, compared to medium and large-sized molds, have long heating, curing, and cooling times, and subsequent auxiliary processes such as manual core removal and mold cleaning are even more time-consuming. This severely extends the effective production cycle of a single machine, becoming a major bottleneck restricting capacity improvement and failing to meet the needs of batch orders.

[0022] Example 2 Based on Example 1, such as Figure 2-6 As shown, a coated sand shell molding device for medium and large cast steel parts is disclosed. The mold installation mechanism includes: a second fixed plate 7, which is fixedly installed at the middle end of the frame 1. The fixed end of the cylinder telescopic assembly 8 is fixedly installed on the side of the second fixed plate 7 away from the middle of the frame 1. A second movable plate 9 is fixedly installed at the output end of the cylinder telescopic assembly 8. A first mold 10 and a second mold 11 are respectively fixedly installed between the first movable plate 3 and the second movable plate 9. The first mold 10 and the second mold 11 cooperate with each other.

[0023] Optionally, the mold heating and curing mechanism includes: a partitioned heating plate and a temperature sensor embedded inside the mold. The partitioned heating plate is arranged in sections according to the mold cavity area, parting surface area, and edge area. Each area is independently equipped with a temperature sensor and a PID temperature control module. The partitioned heating plate of the mold heating and curing mechanism is made of high-efficiency electric heating tube material, and the outer surface of the mold is covered with an aluminum silicate fiber heat insulation layer.

[0024] Optionally, a mounting box 12 is provided at the rear end of the frame 1, and a support frame 13 is fixedly installed at the top of the mounting box 12. A dual-head sand-shooting mechanism is installed on the left and right sides of the support frame 13. The dual-head sand-shooting mechanism includes: a top sand storage hopper 14, two independently controlled sand-shooting heads 15, and an air storage and pressure stabilizing component. The sand storage hopper 14 is fixedly installed at the top of the support frame 13, and the bottom of the sand storage hopper 14 is connected to the two sand-shooting heads 15. The sand-shooting heads 15 are respectively set to correspond to the mold cavities of two sets of horizontal mold closing units. The air storage and pressure stabilizing component is connected to the pneumatic circuit of the sand-shooting heads 15, and a flow regulating component is provided between the bottom of the sand storage hopper 14 and the two sand-shooting heads 15.

[0025] Optionally, the gas storage and pressure stabilizing assembly includes: a vertical gas storage tank 16 and a pressure sensor. The pneumatic circuit of the vertical gas storage tank 16 and the sand-shooting head 15 is connected through a connecting pipe 18, and a solenoid valve 19 is provided on the connecting pipe 18. An automatic drain valve 17 is provided at the bottom of the vertical gas storage tank 16, and the pressure sensor is connected to the inside of the vertical gas storage tank 16.

[0026] Optionally, the flow regulation component includes: a second electric telescopic rod 24, which is fixedly installed at the bottom end of a first mounting plate 25. The first mounting plate 25 is fixedly installed between a first slide rail 21 and a support frame 13. A movable plate 26 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric telescopic rod 24. The movable plate 26 is slidably connected to a second slide rail 27, which is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the first slide rail 21. The bottom end of the movable plate 26 is connected to the sand-shooting head 15 through a second connecting pipe 28. The bottom end of the sand storage hopper 14 is connected to the movable plate 26 through a short pipe 29.

[0027] Optionally, the sand-shooting head 15 is composed of a sand-shooting head outer shell 151 and a sand-shooting head inner liner 152, and the top end of the sand-shooting head inner liner 152 is provided with the output end of the clamping cylinder 20. The fixed end of the clamping cylinder 20 is slidably connected to the slide rail 21 provided at the top of the support frame 13, and the left and right ends of the slide rail 21 are connected to the sand-shooting head outer shell 151 through rollers 22. The fixed end of the electric telescopic rod 23 is fixedly installed on the support frame 13, and the output end of the electric telescopic rod 23 is fixedly connected to the sand-shooting head outer shell 151.

[0028] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: First, the cylinder telescopic assembly 8 and the mold closing cylinder 5 are activated. The cylinder telescopic assembly 8 and the mold closing cylinder 5 work together to precisely control the mold 1 10 and mold 2 11 to approach each other until they close, creating a stable molding space for subsequent sand injection. At the same time, the core sand is loaded into the sand storage hopper 14 located above, preparing for sand injection. Then, the electric telescopic rod 1 23 is activated, pushing the sand injection head 15 close to the sand injection port at the top of mold 1 10 and mold 2 11, achieving a tight fit. After that, the electric telescopic rod 24 is activated, driving the movable plate 26 to slide back and forth on the slide rail 27. The movement of the movable plate 26 controls the opening and closing state between the short pipe 29 and the connecting pipe 28. When both are open, the core sand in the sand storage hopper 14 can be smoothly transported into the cavity inside mold 1 10 and mold 2 11. During the sand injection process, the clamping cylinder 20 is simultaneously controlled to move downwards, thus... The inner liner 152 of the sand injection head is pressed tightly against the sand injection port at the top of mold 10 and mold 21, thus forming a completely sealed space to prevent subsequent high-pressure gas leakage and ensure the stability and reliability of the sand injection and sand core forming process. Then, the solenoid valve 19 is opened, and a large amount of high-pressure compressed air stored in the vertical air tank 16 is rapidly injected into the space between the molds in a very short time. The compressed air has a strong penetrating force and can quickly penetrate the gaps between the sand particles, making the sand like a boiling fluid. Due to its extremely high speed and non-directionality, it can instantly fill every complex corner and gap of the mold, ensuring the integrity and uniformity of the sand core forming. Subsequently, the partitioned heating plate embedded in the mold is controlled to start heating. The partitioned heating plate can effectively and precisely heat various parts of the mold according to the shape of different parts of the mold and the sand core forming requirements, so that the sand core can be quickly hardened and shaped in the mold, which greatly shortens the sand core production cycle and improves production efficiency. Finally, the sand injection head 15 is moved backward, while the cylinder telescopic assembly 8 is compressed and the operation of the mold closing cylinder 5 is properly controlled to smoothly remove the high-strength, high-precision sand core from the mold, thus completing the entire sand core production process.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By setting two sets of mold installation mechanisms, namely mold one 10 and mold two 11, and their matching mold opening and closing drive components, the mold opening and closing actions can be flexibly and stably realized. During mold opening, it is convenient to remove the prepared sand core and perform cleaning and maintenance. During mold closing, it provides a precise and stable cavity space for sand core molding, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and quality stability of the sand core. The setting of the zoned heating plate is beneficial for effective heating of various parts of the mold. Since the shape and sand core thickness of different parts of the mold may vary, the zoned heating plate can independently control the temperature of each area according to the actual situation, ensuring uniform heating of the sand core during molding and avoiding defects such as cracks and deformation caused by excessively high or low local temperatures, thereby improving the quality of the sand core. The overall quality is improved by setting temperature sensors, which facilitate real-time monitoring of the temperature at various locations in the mold. Temperature is one of the key factors affecting the quality of sand cores during the sand core production process. Temperature sensors can accurately monitor the temperature changes in various parts of the mold. If an excessively high or low temperature is detected at a certain location, an alarm can be issued in time for inspection and repair, preventing the sand core quality from deteriorating due to abnormal temperature and ensuring the stability of the production process and the reliability of the sand core quality. The automatic drain valve 17 is used to separate water and oil impurities from the compressed air, purify the air source, and protect pneumatic components. During the storage and transportation of compressed air, water and oil impurities will inevitably be mixed in. If these impurities enter the pneumatic system, they will damage pneumatic components such as cylinders and solenoid valves, affecting their service life and performance.The automatic drain valve 17 automatically removes moisture and oil from the compressed air, ensuring that the compressed air entering the mold and pneumatic components is dry and clean, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs. A pressure sensor is installed in the vertical air tank 16 to facilitate real-time monitoring of the compressed gas usage. The pressure sensor accurately tracks pressure changes within the tank, allowing for timely replenishment of compressed air when the pressure drops below the set value. This ensures sufficient high-pressure gas during sand shooting, guaranteeing stability and core formation quality. The pressure sensor also provides data support for adjusting equipment operating parameters, optimizing the production process. A flow regulation component controls the amount of core sand flowing from the sand storage hopper 14 into the sand shooting head 15. Based on different core specifications and production requirements, the flow regulation component precisely controls the amount of core sand used in each shot, preventing waste from excessive core sand or incomplete core formation from insufficient core sand. This improves raw material utilization and reduces production costs. The clamping cylinder 20 is designed to ensure a tight seal between the sand injection head 15 and the sand injection port at the top of the mold. During sand injection, high-pressure compressed air propels the core sand into the mold cavity at high speed. If there is a gap between the sand injection head and the mold's sand injection port, the high-pressure gas will leak, resulting in insufficient sand injection pressure and affecting the filling effect and quality of the sand core. The clamping cylinder 20 provides sufficient pressure to ensure a tight seal between the sand injection head and the mold's sand injection port, preventing high-pressure gas leakage and ensuring the smooth progress of the sand injection process. The slide rail 21 and the electric telescopic rod 23 facilitate the forward and backward movement of the sand injection head 15. During production, the position of the sand injection head needs to be flexibly adjusted according to the mold's opening and closing status and sand injection requirements. The slide rail 21 provides a stable track for the movement of the sand injection head 15, while the electric telescopic rod 23 can precisely control the movement distance and speed of the sand injection head 15, enabling the sand injection head to quickly and accurately reach the designated position, achieving precise docking and separation with the mold's sand injection port. This design is convenient and practical, improving production efficiency and automation.

[0030] Example 3 Based on Examples 1-2, such as Figure 7-11 As shown, a coated sand shell forming device for medium and large cast steel parts is disclosed. The cleaning mechanism comprises a displacement component, a cleaning component, and a conveying component. The displacement component consists of a longitudinal moving unit and a vertical moving unit. The longitudinal moving unit includes: a drive motor 30, which is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting box 12, and the output end of the drive motor 30 is fixedly installed on the moving end of the telescopic guide rail 31, the fixed end of the telescopic guide rail 31 is installed on the top of the mounting box 12. The vertical moving unit includes: a second drive motor 32, which is fixedly mounted on the top mounting plate 33 at the end of the telescopic guide rail 31. The output end of the first drive motor 30 is connected to a threaded rod 34, which is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve 35. The bottom ends of several telescopic positioning rods 36 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 33, and the top ends of the telescopic positioning rods 36 are connected to the cleaning assembly.

[0031] Optionally, the cleaning assembly includes: a cleaning box 37, which is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 33 via a telescopic positioning rod 36; a drive motor 38 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cleaning box 37; a bevel gear 39 is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor 38; the bevel gear 39 meshes with a bevel gear 40; the bevel gear 40 is fixedly installed on a rotating shaft 41; the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft 41 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cleaning box 37; and a half gear 42 is also fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 41; angle adjustment components are provided at the left and right ends of the half gear 42. The angle adjustment assembly includes: a rack 43, one side of which is meshed with a half gear 42, and the other side of which is fixedly connected to one end of a slider 44. The bottom end of the rack 43 is connected to the inner wall of the cleaning box 37 through a return spring 65. The other end of the slider 44 passes through the cleaning box 37 and is fixedly connected to an adjustment plate 45. The other end of the adjustment plate 45 is movably connected to two sets of spraying units through a short rod 46. The spraying unit includes: a long rod 47, which is movably connected to a short rod 46; the long rod 47 is connected to multiple sets of adjusting blocks 48; one end of each adjusting block 48 is fixedly connected to a nozzle 49, and the other end is movably connected to a U-shaped block 50; the U-shaped block 50 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cleaning box 37; the nozzle 49 is connected to a water pump 52 and a dust collector fan 53 via a conduit 51; and electromagnetic valves 54 and 555 are respectively connected to the conduit 51 where the water pump 52 and the dust collector fan 53 are located. The electromagnetic valve 55, the water pump 52 and the dust removal fan 53 are fixedly installed on the partition 56, the bottom of the partition 56 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cleaning box 37, the bottom of the filter screen 57 is slidably connected to the support block 58, the front end of the filter screen 57 is provided with an opening 59, the front end of the opening 59 is fixedly installed with an inclined plate 60, and the top of the partition 56 and the bottom of the filter screen 57 are respectively fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cleaning box 37.

[0032] Optionally, the intelligent control and energy-saving system includes: a PLC control cabinet 63, a touch screen 64, and an energy management module. The PLC control cabinet 63 is fixedly installed on the top of the placement plate 6, and the front end of the PLC control cabinet 63 is provided with a touch screen 64. The PLC control cabinet 63 is electrically connected to the dual-station mold closing mechanism, the dual-head sand injection mechanism, the mold heating and curing mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism.

[0033] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: When it is necessary to clean mold 10 and mold 21, firstly, drive motor 130 is started. Drive motor 130 drives telescopic guide rail 31 to move back and forth. Then, drive motor 232 is started. Drive motor 232 drives threaded rod 34 fixedly connected to it to rotate. The rotation of threaded rod 34 drives threaded sleeve 35 to move upward, thereby moving cleaning box 37 fixedly installed on top of mounting plate 23 to between mold 10 and mold 21. Then, drive motor 38 is started. Drive motor 38 drives bevel gear 139 fixedly connected to it to rotate. The rotation of bevel gear 139 drives bevel gear 240 meshing with it to rotate. The rotation of bevel gear 240 drives rotating shaft 41 and half gear 42 fixedly connected to rotating shaft 41 to rotate. The rotation of half gear 42 drives racks 43 meshing with the left and right sides to move up and down, thereby realizing the up and down movement of adjusting plate 45, and further driving long rod 47 rotatably connected to short rod 46 to move up and down, thereby controlling several The nozzle 49 swings up and down accordingly, while simultaneously opening solenoid valve 54 (at this time, dust removal fan 53 and solenoid valve 55 are closed), and starting water pump 52. Water pump 52 pumps the cleaning fluid stored at the top of partition 56 through conduit 51 to nozzle 49, thereby effectively cleaning the surfaces of mold 10 and mold 21. After cleaning, by opening solenoid valve 55 (at this time, water pump 52 and solenoid valve 54 are closed) and starting dust removal fan 53, high-pressure gas is pumped through... The conduit 51 delivers water to the nozzle 49, effectively removing water stains adhering to the surfaces of mold 10 and mold 21. The cleaned impurities and liquid fall onto the surface of the inclined plate 60, and are then conveyed through the opening 59 to the filter screen 57. The filter screen 57 filters the cleaned impurities and liquid, and the filtered liquid is stored in the bottom cavity of the filter screen 57. Finally, the liquid is discharged through the drain pipe 62. By pulling the filter screen 57, the impurities at the top of the filter screen 57 are effectively cleaned.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By setting a longitudinal moving unit, the cleaning component can be moved precisely in the longitudinal direction; by setting a vertical moving unit, the threaded rod 34 is rotated by the drive motor 32, causing the component connected to the threaded sleeve 35 to move up and down along the threaded rod 34, thereby driving the cleaning component to move vertically. This combined design allows the cleaning component to flexibly adjust its position in the horizontal and vertical directions, fully covering different parts of medium and large cast steel parts, improving the integrity and effectiveness of cleaning; the angle adjustment component in the cleaning component, through the meshing transmission of the half gear 42 and the rack 43, and the cooperation of the return spring 65, causes the slider 44 to drive the adjustment plate 45 to move, thereby changing the angle of the spraying unit through the short rod 46. This design can flexibly adjust the spray angle of the nozzle 49 according to the shape and surface characteristics of the cast steel part, ensuring that the cleaning liquid or airflow can accurately act on the area to be cleaned, improving the cleaning effect; the filter screen 57 set in the cleaning box 37 can filter and separate impurities and waste liquid generated during the cleaning process, preventing To prevent impurities from clogging the nozzle 49 or affecting the cleaning effect, the filter screen 57 is slidably connected to the inner wall and support block of the cleaning box 37, facilitating disassembly and cleaning. The design of the water supply pipe 61 and the drain pipe 62 facilitates the recycling of cleaning liquid and the discharge of waste liquid, ensuring the normal operation of the cleaning system. The nozzle 49 is connected to the water pump 52 and the dust removal fan 53 through the conduit 51, allowing for the selection of cleaning liquid (via the water pump 52) or airflow (via the dust removal fan 53) for cleaning according to actual needs, meeting different cleaning scenarios and requirements, and improving cleaning efficiency. The PLC control cabinet 63 allows for centralized control and coordinated operation of all mechanisms of the entire coated sand shell forming device, achieving automated production and improving production efficiency and product quality stability. The touch screen 64 at the front end of the PLC control cabinet 63 provides users with an intuitive and convenient operating interface. Users can set and adjust various parameters of the device through the touch screen 64, monitor the production process in real time, and promptly identify and solve problems, improving the controllability and flexibility of production, making it very convenient and practical.

[0035] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A coated sand shell molding apparatus for medium to large steel castings, characterized by, include: The frame (1) is equipped with a dual-station mold closing mechanism, a dual-head sand injection mechanism, a mold heating and curing mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, as well as an intelligent control and energy-saving system. The dual-station mold closing mechanism includes two sets of symmetrically arranged horizontal mold closing units. Each set of horizontal mold closing units consists of a fixed plate (2), a movable plate (3), multiple parallel guide columns (4), and a mold closing cylinder (5). The bottom end of the fixed plate (2) on the right side is fixedly connected to the placement plate (6) at the top of the frame (1). The movable plate (3) is located on the side of the fixed plate (2) close to the frame (1). Multiple parallel guide columns (4) are fixedly installed on one side of the movable plate (3). The other end of the multiple parallel guide columns (4) passes through the fixed plate (2) and is slidably connected to the fixed plate (2) left and right. The fixed end of the mold closing cylinder (5) is installed on one side of the fixed plate (2). The output end of the mold closing cylinder (5) passes through the fixed plate (2) and is fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate (3). The other end of the movable plate (3) is connected to the mold installation mechanism.

2. The coated sand shell molding apparatus for a medium-large steel casting according to claim 1, characterized by The mold installation mechanism includes: a second fixed plate (7), which is fixedly installed at the middle end of the frame (1), and the fixed end of the cylinder telescopic assembly (8) is fixedly installed on the side of the second fixed plate (7) away from the middle of the frame (1). The output end of the cylinder telescopic assembly (8) is fixedly installed with a second movable plate (9). Mold 1 (10) and mold 2 (11) are fixedly installed between the first movable plate (3) and the second movable plate (9), respectively. The first mold (10) and the second mold (11) cooperate with each other.

3. The coated sand shell molding apparatus for a medium-large steel casting according to claim 1, characterized by The mold heating and curing mechanism includes: a partitioned heating plate and a temperature sensor embedded inside the mold. The partitioned heating plate is arranged in sections according to the mold cavity area, parting surface area, and edge area. Each area is independently equipped with a temperature sensor and a PID temperature control module. The partitioned heating plate of the mold heating and curing mechanism is made of high-efficiency electric heating tube material, and the outer surface of the mold is covered with an aluminum silicate fiber heat insulation layer.

4. The coated sand shell molding apparatus for a medium-large steel casting according to claim 1, characterized by The frame (1) is provided with a mounting box (12) at the rear end. A support frame (13) is fixedly installed at the top of the mounting box (12). A double-head sand-shooting mechanism is installed on the left and right sides of the support frame (13). The double-head sand-shooting mechanism includes: a top sand storage hopper (14), two independently controlled sand-shooting heads (15) and an air storage and pressure stabilizing component. The sand storage hopper (14) is fixedly installed at the top of the support frame (13), and the bottom of the sand storage hopper (14) is connected to the two sand-shooting heads (15). The sand-shooting heads (15) are respectively set to the mold cavities of two sets of horizontal mold closing units. The air storage and pressure stabilizing component is connected to the pneumatic circuit of the sand-shooting heads (15), and a flow regulating component is provided between the bottom of the sand storage hopper (14) and the two sand-shooting heads (15).

5. The coated sand shell molding apparatus for a medium-large steel casting according to claim 4, characterized by The gas storage and pressure stabilizing assembly includes: a vertical gas storage tank (16) and a pressure sensor. The pneumatic circuit of the vertical gas storage tank (16) and the sand-shooting head (15) is connected through a connecting pipe (18), and an electromagnetic valve (19) is provided on the connecting pipe (18). An automatic drain valve (17) is provided at the bottom of the vertical gas storage tank (16), and the pressure sensor is connected to the inside of the vertical gas storage tank (16).

6. The coated sand shell molding apparatus for a medium-large steel casting according to claim 4, characterized by The flow regulating component includes: an electric telescopic rod two (24), which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate one (25). The mounting plate one (25) is fixedly installed between the slide rail one (21) and the support frame (13). The output end of the electric telescopic rod two (24) is fixedly installed with a movable plate (26). The movable plate (26) is slidably connected to the slide rail two (27) and the slide rail two (27) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slide rail one (21). The bottom end of the movable plate (26) is connected to the sand-shooting head (15) through the connecting pipe two (28). The bottom end of the sand storage hopper (14) is connected to the movable plate (26) through the short pipe (29).

7. The coated sand shell forming device for medium and large cast steel parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sand-shooting head (15) consists of a sand-shooting head shell (151) and a sand-shooting head inner liner (152). The top of the sand-shooting head inner liner (152) is provided with the output end of a pressure cylinder (20). The fixed end of the pressure cylinder (20) is slidably connected to the slide rail (21) provided at the top of the support frame (13). The left and right ends of the slide rail (21) are connected to the sand-shooting head shell (151) through rollers (22). The fixed end of the electric telescopic rod (23) is fixedly installed on the support frame (13), and the output end of the electric telescopic rod (23) is fixedly connected to the sand-shooting head shell (151).

8. The coated sand shell forming device for medium and large cast steel parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism comprises a displacement component, a cleaning component, and a conveying component. The displacement component consists of a longitudinal moving unit and a vertical moving unit. The longitudinal moving unit includes: a drive motor (30), which is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting box (12), and the output end of the drive motor (30) is fixedly installed on the moving end of the telescopic guide rail (31), and the fixed end of the telescopic guide rail (31) is installed on the top of the mounting box (12). The vertical moving unit includes: a second drive motor (32), which is fixedly installed on the top mounting plate (33) at the end of the telescopic guide rail (31), and the output end of the first drive motor (30) is connected to the threaded rod (34), the threaded rod (34) is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve (35), and the bottom ends of several telescopic positioning rods (36) are fixedly connected to the mounting plate (33), and the top ends of the telescopic positioning rods (36) are connected to the cleaning component.

9. A film-coated sand shell forming device for medium and large cast steel parts according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes: a cleaning box (37), which is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (33) via a telescopic positioning rod (36); a drive motor (38) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cleaning box (37); a bevel gear (39) is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor (38); the bevel gear (39) meshes with the bevel gear (40); the bevel gear (40) is fixedly installed on a rotating shaft (41); the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft (41) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cleaning box (37); and a half gear (42) is also fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (41); angle adjustment components are provided at the left and right ends of the half gear (42). The angle adjustment assembly includes: a rack (43), one side of which is meshed with a half gear (42), the other side of which is fixedly connected to one end of a slider (44), the bottom end of which is connected to the inner wall of the cleaning box (37) via a return spring (65), the other end of which passes through the cleaning box (37) and is fixedly connected to an adjusting plate (45), and the other end of which is movably connected to two spraying units via a short rod (46); The spraying unit includes: a long rod (47), which is movably connected to a short rod (46). The long rod (47) is connected to multiple sets of adjusting blocks (48). One end of the adjusting block (48) is fixedly connected to a nozzle (49), and the other end of the adjusting block (48) is movably connected to a U-shaped block (50). The U-shaped block (50) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cleaning box (37). The nozzle (49) is connected to a water pump (52) and a dust removal fan (53) through a conduit (51). Electromagnetic valves (54) are respectively connected to the conduit (51) where the water pump (52) and the dust removal fan (53) are located. The water pump (52) and dust removal fan (53) are fixedly installed on the partition (56). A filter screen (57) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cleaning box (37) at the bottom of the partition (56). The bottom of the filter screen (57) is slidably connected to the support block (58). The front end of the filter screen (57) is provided with an opening (59). An inclined plate (60) is fixedly installed at the front end of the opening (59). A water supply pipe (61) and a drain pipe (62) are fixedly installed on the top of the partition (56) and the bottom of the filter screen (57) on the outer wall of the cleaning box (37), respectively.

10. The coated sand shell forming device for medium and large cast steel parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control and energy-saving system includes: a PLC control cabinet (63), a touch screen (64) and an energy management module. The PLC control cabinet (63) is fixedly installed on the top of the placement plate (6), and the front end of the PLC control cabinet (63) is provided with a touch screen (64). The PLC control cabinet (63) is electrically connected to the dual-station mold closing mechanism, the dual-head sand injection mechanism, the mold heating and curing mechanism and the cleaning mechanism respectively.

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