A pressing die for powder metallurgy part production

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of pressing mould, especially a kind of pressing mould for powder metallurgy part production.It is a kind of pressing mould for powder metallurgy part production, which facilitates boss part to be demoulded and material is taken, including mounting frame consisting of bottom plate, first optical axis and top plate, vertically sliding connection is formed between the upper portion of the first optical axis and moving plate, the bottom of the moving plate is detachably fixedly connected with upper punch, vertically sliding connection is formed between the lower portion of the first optical axis and moving die body, the top of the bottom plate is detachably fixed with lower punch, and the center of the lower punch is vertically slidingly connected with material lifting rod.The moving die body (outer mold) of the present application can be vertically moved, after the part is pressed and formed, the moving die body is actively moved downward, so that the outer mold is separated from the outer periphery of the part, and the outer mold is demoulded;Compared with the prior art, it is not necessary to use mechanical hand to grab or bottom die to drop, the demoulding action is greatly simplified, and the complexity of equipment manufacturing cost and control system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a pressing die, and more particularly to a pressing die for the production of powder metallurgy parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of powder metallurgy parts, pressing dies are the core forming tools. For parts with boss structures on their surfaces (such as gears, pulleys, flanges, etc.), their bottoms usually have local protrusions or stepped shapes. After pressing, the formed blank needs to be removed from the die cavity and transferred to the next process.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for demolding and unloading parts with bosses on the bottom: one is to use a robotic arm or clamping device to grab the blank from above; the other is to actively lower the bottom die (lower punch) to separate the blank from the female die, and then have the ejector mechanism remove it. However, both of these methods have shortcomings in practical applications.

[0004] When using a robotic arm to handle materials, the bottom boss of the part will be embedded in the corresponding cavity of the mandrel or lower punch. There is a large clamping force and frictional resistance between the blank and the mold. The robotic arm needs to be precisely positioned and apply a sufficiently large clamping force, which can easily lead to deformation or surface damage of the blank. At the same time, the timing of the robotic arm system and the pressing equipment needs to be highly coordinated, the control system is complex, and the equipment cost is significantly increased.

[0005] When using a bottom mold lowering method, a large amount of movement space and guiding structure needs to be reserved in the lower mold section, resulting in an increase in the overall height and size of the mold. In addition, during the bottom mold lowering process, the relative movement between the blank and the female mold is prone to causing cracks or uneven density due to friction, which affects product quality.

[0006] In summary, existing powder metallurgy pressing dies have problems such as complex structure, high precision requirements, high equipment cost, large die size, and easy damage to blanks when demolding and unloading parts with bottom bosses, and urgently need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a pressing mold for the production of powder metallurgy parts that facilitates demolding and material removal of boss parts.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a pressing mold for producing powder metallurgy parts, comprising a mounting frame consisting of a base plate, a first optical axis, and a top plate. A movable plate is vertically slidably connected between the upper parts of the first optical axis. An upper punch is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable plate. A movable mold body is vertically slidably connected between the lower parts of the first optical axis. A lower punch is detachably fixedly connected to the top of the base plate. A groove exists at the center of the upper surface of the lower punch. A ejector rod is vertically slidably connected to the center of the lower punch. Initially, the top of the ejector rod is flush with the bottom of the groove. An automatic ejector structure is provided between the ejector rod and the base plate. The automatic ejector structure drives the ejector rod to move upward during the downward movement of the movable mold body.

[0009] Furthermore, when the top material rod moves to its highest position, its top end is flush with the unloading surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the movable mold body includes a movable housing that slides vertically between the lower parts of the first optical axis. The movable housing has an inner hole in the middle. The upper part of the lower punch is inside the inner hole, and the outer wall of the lower punch is in contact with the inner hole wall. Multiple second optical axes are vertically fixed at the bottom of the movable housing. The second optical axes pass downward through the bottom plate and are connected to a connecting plate. A hole shaft is vertically detachably fixed to the connecting plate. The ejector rod is sleeved on the hole shaft and slidably connected to it. A first telescopic cylinder is symmetrically fixed to the side of the bottom plate. The upper movable end of the first telescopic cylinder is fixed to the movable housing.

[0011] Furthermore, the automatic ejector structure includes guide sleeves symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the base plate. The concave plate is horizontally slidably connected to the guide sleeves via guide rods. A spring connects the guide sleeves and the concave plate. A clearance hole is horizontally opened in the middle of the concave plate, and a shaft passes through the clearance hole. An oblique hole is opened on the vertical surface of the concave plate. A retaining shaft is symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the ejector rod. The retaining shaft is in the oblique hole. Driving the concave plate to move horizontally can drive the ejector rod to move vertically.

[0012] Furthermore, the automatic feeding structure also includes hinge rods symmetrically rotated on the end face of the concave plate, and a horizontally arranged insert rod on the connecting plate below the hinge rod. Each hinge rod has a waist-shaped hole at its end, and the insert rod is inside the waist-shaped hole.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a vibration structure installed on the movable housing. The vibration structure includes an annular groove formed at the bottom of the movable housing, an annular plate rotatably installed in the annular groove, a ring of placement holes formed at the upper part of the annular plate, ball bearings placed in each of the placement holes, an external gear ring concentrically arranged at the bottom of the annular plate, a motor arranged on the side of the movable housing, a small gear meshing with the external gear ring connected to the bottom output shaft of the motor, and a mounting groove concentrically formed on the outer wall of the annular groove at the placement hole, with a ring of protrusions arranged in the mounting groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameters at both the inner and outer ends of the placement hole are smaller than the diameter at the middle, allowing the ball portion to pass through the end of the placement hole.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a feeding and pushing structure installed on the top of the movable housing, the feeding and pushing structure including a sliding cover slidably installed on the top of the movable housing, and a feeding pipe connected and communicating on the sliding cover.

[0016] Furthermore, the feeding and pushing structure also includes a baffle plate slidably installed in the upper part of the sliding cover, the baffle plate blocking the bottom end of the feeding pipe, and a second telescopic cylinder is provided on the top of the sliding cover, the movable end of the second telescopic cylinder being connected to the end of the baffle plate.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a pad installed on the top of the movable housing, the upper surface of which is the unloading surface, and the unloading and pushing structure is slidably installed on the top of the pad.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting a vertically movable mold body (outer mold), after the part is pressed and formed, the movable mold body actively moves downward, so that the outer mold separates from the outer periphery of the part, thus realizing the demolding of the outer mold; compared with the prior art, there is no need to use a robotic arm to grasp or the bottom mold to lower, which greatly simplifies the demolding action and reduces the equipment manufacturing cost and the complexity of the control system. The automatic ejection structure, consisting of a connecting plate, hinge rod, and concave plate, is used to drive the ejector rod upward as the moving mold moves downward, pushing the part to be flush with the unloading surface. The entire action is driven by the moving mold of the pressing mold itself, without the need for an additional power source. The structure is compact and the action is coordinated. The ejector rod only needs to push the part to the plane, resulting in a small stroke and low energy consumption. A vibration structure consisting of a motor, pinion, external gear ring, annular plate, balls, and protrusions is installed on the moving housing. The motor drives the annular plate to rotate, causing the balls to oscillate within the placement holes and strike the moving housing. This generates high-frequency micro-vibrations on the powder in the mold cavity, prompting the powder particles to rearrange and reducing voids. This significantly improves the uniformity of powder filling, thereby increasing the density distribution uniformity and product qualification rate of the pressed parts. The sliding cover serves as both a positioning and feeding channel during powder filling, and as it moves above the inner hole, it automatically pushes the formed parts away from the unloading surface using its own edges, achieving material pushing while moving. The feeding and pushing actions are integrated, eliminating the need for a separate pushing cylinder or robotic arm, simplifying the peripheral equipment of the mold, reducing the overall size of the mold, shortening auxiliary time, and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the movable module of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the installation location of the automatic feeding structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the automatic feeding structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the vibration structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vibration structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding and pushing structure of the present invention.

[0028] In the attached diagram, the following labels are used: 1-base plate, 2-first optical axis, 3-top plate, 4-moving plate, 5-upper punch, 6-hydraulic cylinder, 7-moving mold body, 71-moving shell, 72-inner hole, 73-second optical axis, 74-connecting plate, 75-hole shaft, 76-first telescopic cylinder, 8-lower punch, 9-ejector rod, 10-automatic ejector structure, 101-guide sleeve, 102-concave plate, 103-guide rod, 104-spring, 105-clearance hole, 106-slanted hole. 107-Clad shaft, 108-Hinged rod, 109-Oval hole, 1010-Insertion rod, 11-Vibration structure, 111-Annular groove, 112-Annular plate, 113-Placement hole, 114-Ball bearing, 115-Motor, 116-Pinary gear, 117-External gear ring, 118-Mounting groove, 119-Protrusion, 12-Discharge and push structure, 121-Sliding cover, 122-Discharge tube, 123-Second telescopic cylinder, 124-Baffle plate, 13-Pad plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Example: A pressing die for producing powder metallurgy parts, such as Figures 1-6As shown, the mounting frame includes a base plate 1, a first optical axis 2, and a top plate 3. The first optical axis 2 is vertically installed between the base plate 1 and the top plate 3, providing installation space for the pressing mold. A movable plate 4 is vertically slidably connected to the upper part of the first optical axis 2. An upper punch 5 is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable plate 4. Different upper punches 5 can be replaced for pressing operations according to the needs of part production. The movable plate 4 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder 6, causing the upper punch 5 to move vertically to complete the pressing operation. A movable mold body 7 is vertically slidably connected to the lower part of the first optical axis 2. During demolding and unloading operations, the movable mold body 7 moves downwards. The top is detachably fixed with a lower punch 8. Different lower punches 8 can be replaced for pressing operations according to the needs of part production. There is a groove in the center of the top of the lower punch 8, which provides space for the forming of the part boss. The center of the lower punch 8 is vertically slidably connected with an ejector rod 9. Initially, the top of the ejector rod 9 is flush with the bottom surface of the groove. An automatic ejector structure 10 is set between the ejector rod 9 and the base plate 1. The automatic ejector structure 10 drives the ejector rod 9 to move upward during the downward movement of the moving mold body 7, so that the pressed part is pushed upward. When the ejector rod 9 moves to the top, its top is flush with the unloading surface, so as to facilitate the pushing and unloading of the part.

[0031] During operation, firstly, according to the production needs of the parts, the corresponding upper punch 5 is detachably fixed to the bottom of the moving plate 4, and the corresponding lower punch 8 is detachably fixed to the top of the base plate 1. The hydraulic cylinder 6 is activated, driving the moving plate 4 to slide downwards along the first optical axis 2, causing the upper punch 5 to move downwards. Working in conjunction with the moving mold body 7, the lower punch 8, and the ejector rod 9, the metal powder filled in the mold cavity is pressed into shape. After the pressing is completed, the moving plate 4 drives the upper punch 5 to return to its original position. Subsequently, the moving mold body 7 moves downwards along the first optical axis 2. During the downward movement of the moving mold body 7, the mold body, which originally surrounded the molded part, gradually separates from the part. Because the boss at the bottom of the part is supported by the lower punch 8 and the ejector rod 9, the downward movement of the moving mold body 7 achieves active demolding of the outer mold. As the moving mold body 7 continues to move downwards to its lowest position, the part is completely exposed outside the mold body. Simultaneously, during the downward movement of the moving mold body 7, the automatic ejector structure 10 is triggered, driving the ejector rod 9 to move upwards relative to the lower punch 8, lifting the part upwards. When the ejector rod 9 moves to its highest point, its top end is exactly flush with the unloading surface. At this time, the bottom surface of the part and the unloading surface are on the same plane, and the part can be easily pushed away horizontally to complete the unloading. The entire demolding process is achieved by the downward movement of the moving mold body 7, with the ejector rod 9 playing a final flushing auxiliary role, eliminating the need for a robot or bottom mold lowering mechanism.

[0032] like Figure 3As shown, the movable mold body 7 includes a movable housing 71, a second optical axis 73, a connecting plate 74, a hole shaft 75, and a first telescopic cylinder 76. The movable housing 71 is vertically slidably connected to the lower part of the first optical axis 2. An inner hole 72 is opened in the middle of the movable housing 71. The upper part of the lower punch 8 is inside the inner hole 72, and the outer wall of the lower punch 8 is in contact with the wall of the inner hole 72. The powder for pressing the part is placed in the inner hole 72, and the part is pressed and shaped by the downward-moving upper punch 5. Multiple second optical axes 73 are vertically fixed at the bottom of the movable housing 71. The second optical axis 73 passes downward through the base plate 1 and is connected to the connecting plate 74. The second optical axis 73 is installed parallel to the first optical axis 2. A hole shaft 75 is vertically and detachably fixed on the connecting plate 74. The hole shaft 75 can be replaced according to the hole on the part. The ejector rod 9 is sleeved on the hole shaft 75 and slidably connected to it. The first telescopic cylinder 76 is symmetrically fixed on the side of the base plate 1. The upper movable end of the first telescopic cylinder 76 is fixed to the movable housing 71. The first telescopic cylinder 76 drives the movable housing 71 to move vertically to perform demolding and pressing operations.

[0033] During pressing, the first telescopic cylinder 76 drives the movable housing 71 to rise along the first optical axis 2 to the working position, so that the inner hole 72 of the movable housing 71 is tightly fitted with the upper outer wall of the lower punch 8, forming a closed annular mold cavity. At the same time, the hole shaft 75, selected according to the hole diameter requirements of the part, is positioned at the center of the inner hole 72 through the connecting plate 74 and the second optical axis 73. After the powder is filled into the inner hole 72, the upper punch 5 presses down, and the powder is pressed into shape under the joint constraint of the inner hole 72 of the movable housing 71, the lower punch 8, and the hole shaft 75, wherein the hole shaft 75 is used to form the hole on the part.

[0034] After pressing, the upper punch 5 resets. During demolding, the first telescopic cylinder 76 drives the moving housing 71 to move downwards. During the downward movement of the moving housing 71, the inner wall of its inner hole 72 gradually separates from the outer peripheral surface of the formed part, realizing active demolding of the outer mold. At the same time, the moving housing 71 drives the connecting plate 74 and the hole shaft 75 fixed on the connecting plate 74 to move downwards together through the second optical shaft 73 fixed vertically at the bottom, so that the hole shaft 75 exits from the inner hole 72 of the part. The formed part is supported by the lower punch 8 and the ejector rod 9 sleeved on the hole shaft 75 and kept in place. When the moving housing 71 moves to the lowest position, the part completely detaches from the moving housing 71, and then the automatic ejector structure 10 drives the ejector rod 9 to lift upwards, so that the bottom surface of the part is flush with the unloading surface, and the part can be pushed away horizontally. The entire demolding process mainly relies on the downward movement of the moving housing 71, without the need for an additional robot or bottom mold lowering mechanism.

[0035] like Figures 4-6As shown, the automatic top-feeding structure 10 includes a guide sleeve 101, a concave plate 102, a guide rod 103, and a spring 104. The bottom plate 1 has guide sleeves 101 extending horizontally symmetrically arranged at the front and rear. The concave plate 102 is horizontally slidably connected to the guide sleeves 101 via the guide rod 103. A spring 104 connects the guide sleeves 101 and the concave plate 102, providing initial position fixation for the concave plate 102 and providing power for its reset. A horizontally extending clearance hole 105 is horizontally opened in the middle of the concave plate 102. A shaft 75 passes through the clearance hole 105. During the left and right movement of the concave plate 102, the shaft 75 does not obstruct the movement of the concave plate 102 due to the structure of the clearance hole 105. Inclined holes 106 are opened on the vertical surfaces of both the front and rear sides of the concave plate 102, with the left side lower than the right side. The bottom end of the top-feeding rod 9 is located at the front. A retaining shaft 107 is symmetrically arranged at the rear. The retaining shaft 107 is inside the inclined hole 106. Driving the concave plate 102 to move horizontally left and right can drive the ejector rod 9 to move vertically (when the concave plate 102 moves to the left, the retaining shaft 107 and the ejector rod 9 move upward to demold; when the concave plate 102 moves to the right, the retaining shaft 107 and the ejector rod 9 move downward to reset). The automatic ejection structure 10 also includes a retaining shaft 107 and a hinge rod 108. The left end of the concave plate 102 is symmetrically arranged with hinge rods 108 that can rotate up and down. The connecting plate 74 below the hinge rod 108 is horizontally arranged with insert rods 1010 that extend forward and backward. The ends of the hinge rods 108 are all provided with waist-shaped holes 109. The insert rods 1010 are inside the waist-shaped holes 109. When the connecting plate 74 moves downward, the concave plate 102 is pulled to the left by the hinge rods 108.

[0036] During demolding, the movable housing 71 moves downward, driving the connecting plate 74 to move downward synchronously via the second optical axis 73. The insert rod 1010 on the connecting plate 74 moves downward accordingly. Since the insert rod 1010 passes into the oblong hole 109 at the end of the hinge rod 108, it will only push the hinge rod 108 to rotate downward when the insert rod 1010 contacts the bottom of the oblong hole 109 after moving downward a certain distance (because the upward movement distance of the ejector rod 9 is limited, and the downward movement distance of the connecting plate 74 is much greater than the upward movement distance of the ejector rod 9, the oblong hole 109 can only push the ejector rod 9 upward after the insert rod 1010 has moved downward a certain distance). The other end of the hinge rod 108 is connected to the left end face of the concave plate 102, so while the hinge rod 108 rotates downward, it pulls the concave plate 102 and the guide rod 103 to move horizontally to the left. When the concave plate 102 moves to the left, the oblique holes 106 (left lower than right) on its front and rear vertical surfaces also move to the left, forcing the retaining shaft 107 to move upward relative to the oblique holes 106. The retaining shaft 107 is fixed to the bottom end of the ejector rod 9, thereby driving the ejector rod 9 to move upward and lift the pressed part upward.

[0037] When the connecting plate 74 moves down to its lowest position, the concave plate 102 moves to the left and into position, and the ejector rod 9 moves up to its highest position, with its top end flush with the unloading surface, facilitating the horizontal movement of the parts. After unloading, the moving housing 71 and connecting plate 74 return to their original position, the insert rod 1010 moves up and drives the hinge rod 108 to rotate upward, and simultaneously, the concave plate 102, under the elastic force of the spring 104, moves horizontally to the right and returns to its original position along with the guide rod 103. When the concave plate 102 moves to the right, the oblique hole 106 pushes the retaining shaft 107 downward, and the ejector rod 9 moves downward and returns to its original position, awaiting the next pressing cycle. The guide sleeve 101 provides horizontal guidance for the guide rod 103, and the spring 104 provides both initial position fixation and power for the resetting of the concave plate 102. The clearance hole 105 ensures that the shaft 75 does not interfere with the left and right movement of the concave plate 102.

[0038] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, it also includes a vibration structure 11 mounted on the movable housing 71. The vibration structure 11 includes an annular plate 112, balls 114, a motor 115, a pinion 116, an external gear ring 117, and a protrusion 119. An annular groove 111 is provided at the bottom of the movable housing 71, and the annular plate 112 is rotatably mounted in the annular groove 111. A ring of placement holes 113 is horizontally provided at the upper part of the annular plate 112. Balls 114 are placed in each of the placement holes 113. The diameters at the inner and outer ends of the placement holes 113 are smaller than the diameter at the middle, and the balls 114 can pass through the ends of the placement holes 113. An external gear ring 117 is concentrically arranged at the bottom of the annular plate 112. A motor 115 is fixedly mounted on the left side of the movable housing 71. A pinion 116 that meshes with the external gear ring 117 is connected to the output shaft at the bottom of the motor 115. 16. A mounting groove 118 is concentrically formed on the outer wall of the annular groove 111 at the placement hole 113. A ring of protrusions 119 is provided inside the mounting groove 118. The motor 115 drives the pinion 116 to rotate, which in turn drives the annular plate 112 to rotate. During the rotation of the annular plate 112, the ball bearing 114 rotates together and is thrown outward to the outside of the placement hole 113, partially passing through the placement hole 113. Therefore, during the rotation of the ball bearing 114, it will contact the protrusion 119 and move inward under the push of the protrusion 119, impacting the inner wall of the annular groove 111, striking the movable housing 71, making the powder material inside more evenly filled. After the ball bearing 114 impacts the inner wall of the annular groove 111, it is thrown outward again. This process is repeated to achieve repeated striking of the movable housing 71. When filling the inner hole 72 of the movable housing 71 with powder material, the motor 115 is started. The output shaft of motor 115 drives pinion 116 to rotate. Pinion 116 drives annular plate 112 to rotate within annular groove 111 at the bottom of movable housing 71 via meshing external gear ring 117. During the rotation of annular plate 112, ball bearings 114 rotate together and are thrown outward to the outside of placement hole 113 and partially through placement hole 113. Therefore, during the rotation of ball bearings 114, they will contact protrusion 119 and move inward under the push of protrusion 119, impacting the inner wall of annular groove 111, thus striking movable housing 71 and making the internal powder material filling more uniform. After impacting the inner wall of annular groove 111, ball bearings 114 are thrown outward again. This process is repeated, and ball bearings 114 roll back and forth within placement hole 113 and impact the hole wall, thereby generating high-frequency impact vibration on movable housing 71. The vibration is transmitted to the powder material in the movable housing 71 and its inner hole 72, causing the powder particles to rearrange and the voids to be reduced, so that the powder is filled more evenly and densely in the mold cavity. Through this vibration structure 11, the uniformity of powder filling can be effectively improved, thereby improving the density consistency of the pressed parts.

[0039] like Figure 9As shown, it also includes a feeding and pushing structure 12 installed on the top of the movable housing 71. The feeding and pushing structure 12 includes a sliding cover 121 and a feeding pipe 122. The sliding cover 121 is slidably installed on the top of the movable housing 71. The feeding pipe 122 is connected and communicated on the sliding cover 121. When the sliding cover 121 moves above the inner hole 72, powder material is injected into the inner hole 72 through the feeding pipe 122. The feeding and pushing structure 12 also includes a second telescopic cylinder 123 and a baffle plate 124. The baffle plate 124 is slidably installed on the upper part of the sliding cover 121. The baffle plate 124 blocks the bottom end of the feeding pipe 122. The second telescopic cylinder 123 is provided on the top of the sliding cover 121. The movable end of the second telescopic cylinder 123 is connected to the end of the baffle plate 124. The baffle plate 124 is driven to move left and right by the second telescopic cylinder 123 to realize the opening and closing of the feeding pipe 122.

[0040] When filling the mold with powder, the sliding cover 121 slides horizontally along the top of the movable housing 71, moving its feed pipe 122 directly above the inner hole 72 of the movable housing 71. At this time, the second telescopic cylinder 123 is in its initial state, the baffle plate 124 blocks the bottom end of the feed pipe 122, and the feed pipe 122 is in a closed state. After the sliding cover 121 is positioned, the second telescopic cylinder 123 is activated, driving the baffle plate 124 to move horizontally, opening the feed pipe 122, and the powder material is injected into the inner hole 72 through the feed pipe 122. After filling is completed, the baffle plate 124 resets and closes the feed pipe 122, and the sliding cover 121 moves away, making room for the upper punch 5 to press.

[0041] After the previous pressing, demolding, and ejector pin 9 pushes the part to be flush with the unloading surface, the sliding cover 121 begins to move horizontally along the top of the movable housing 71 towards the inner hole 72 of the mold, preparing for the next powder filling. During the movement of the sliding cover 121 above the inner hole 72, the front sidewall or bottom edge of the sliding cover 121 contacts the formed part, pushing it horizontally away from the working area along the unloading surface, achieving automatic unloading. After the sliding cover 121 moves directly above the inner hole 72, the second telescopic cylinder 123 drives the baffle plate 124 to move, opening the discharge pipe 122. Powder material is injected into the inner hole 72 of the movable housing 71 through the discharge pipe 122, completing the feeding. After feeding, the baffle plate 124 closes, and the sliding cover 121 moves away to make room for pressing. This structure integrates the pushing action into the movement process before unloading, eliminating the need for a separate pushing mechanism or robotic arm.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a pad 13 installed on the top of the movable housing 71. The unloading and pushing structure 12 is slidably installed on the top of the pad 13. The pad 13 on the top of the inner hole 72 has an opening design. The upper surface of the pad 13 is the unloading surface. The pad 13 can be detached and installed to protect the top of the movable housing 71 and prevent the movable housing 71 from being scratched.

[0043] When the sliding cover 121 moves horizontally to perform powder filling or pushing operations, its bottom directly contacts the upper surface of the pad 13 and slides relative to it. The pad 13 is made of wear-resistant material and can withstand the friction and wear caused by the repeated movement of the sliding cover 121, thus effectively protecting the top of the movable housing 71 from scratches or damage. When the pad 13 wears out after a certain period of use, it can be removed from the top of the movable housing 71 and replaced with a new pad 13 to restore its protective function, without having to replace the entire movable housing 71. This structure ensures smooth sliding of the sliding cover 121 while reducing the maintenance cost and repair difficulty of the mold.

[0044] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pressing mold for producing powder metallurgy parts, comprising a mounting frame consisting of a base plate (1), a first optical axis (2), and a top plate (3), wherein a movable plate (4) is vertically slidably connected between the upper parts of the first optical axis (2), and an upper punch (5) is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable plate (4), characterized in that: A movable mold body (7) is vertically slidably connected between the lower parts of the first optical axis (2). A lower punch (8) is detachably fixed to the top of the base plate (1). There is a groove in the center of the upper surface of the lower punch (8). A top material rod (9) is vertically slidably connected to the center of the lower punch (8). Initially, the top of the top material rod (9) is flush with the bottom of the groove. An automatic top material structure (10) is provided between the top material rod (9) and the base plate (1). The automatic top material structure (10) drives the top material rod (9) to move upward during the downward movement of the movable mold body (7). The movable mold (7) includes a movable housing (71) that slides vertically between the lower parts of the first optical axis (2). The movable housing (71) has an inner hole (72) in the middle. The upper part of the lower punch (8) is inside the inner hole (72), and the outer wall of the lower punch (8) is in contact with the wall of the inner hole (72). The bottom of the movable housing (71) is vertically fixed with multiple second optical axes (73). The second optical axes (73) pass downward through the bottom plate (1) and are connected to a connecting plate (74). A hole shaft (75) is vertically detachably fixed on the connecting plate (74). The top material rod (9) is sleeved on the hole shaft (75) and slidably connected to it. The side of the bottom plate (1) is symmetrically fixed with a first telescopic cylinder (76). The upper movable end of the first telescopic cylinder (76) is fixed to the movable housing (71). The automatic top-feeding structure (10) includes guide sleeves (101) symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the base plate (1). The automatic top-feeding structure (10) also includes a concave plate (102), a guide rod (103) and a spring (104). The concave plate (102) is horizontally slidably connected to the guide sleeve (101) through the guide rod (103). A spring (104) is connected between the guide sleeve (101) and the concave plate (102). A clearance hole (105) is horizontally opened in the middle of the concave plate (102). A hole shaft (75) passes through the clearance hole (105). An inclined hole (106) is opened on the vertical surface of the concave plate (102). A retaining shaft (107) is symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the top-feeding rod (9). The retaining shaft (107) is in the inclined hole (106). Driving the concave plate (102) to move horizontally can drive the top-feeding rod (9) to move vertically. The automatic top-feeding structure (10) also includes a hinge rod (108) symmetrically rotated on the end face of the concave plate (102). A plug rod (1010) is horizontally arranged on the connecting plate (74) below the hinge rod (108). Each end of the hinge rod (108) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (109), and the plug rod (1010) is inside the waist-shaped hole (109). It also includes a vibration structure (11) installed on the movable housing (71). The vibration structure (11) includes an annular groove (111) opened at the bottom of the movable housing (71). An annular plate (112) is rotatably installed in the annular groove (111). A ring of placement holes (113) is opened on the upper part of the annular plate (112). Ball bearings (114) are placed in each of the placement holes (113). An external gear ring (117) is concentrically arranged at the bottom of the annular plate (112). A motor (115) is arranged on the side of the movable housing (71). A small gear (116) that meshes with the external gear ring (117) is connected to the bottom output shaft of the motor (115). An installation groove (118) is concentrically opened on the outer wall of the annular groove (111) at the placement hole (113). A ring of protrusions (119) is arranged in the installation groove (118).

2. The pressing die for producing powder metallurgy parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the top material rod (9) moves to the topmost position, its top end is flush with the unloading surface.

3. The pressing die for producing powder metallurgy parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters at both ends of the placement hole (113) are smaller than the diameter at the middle, and the ball (114) can pass through the end of the placement hole (113).

4. A pressing die for producing powder metallurgy parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a feeding and pushing structure (12) installed on the top of the movable housing (71), the feeding and pushing structure (12) including a sliding cover (121) slidably installed on the top of the movable housing (71), and a feeding pipe (122) is connected and communicated on the sliding cover (121).

5. A pressing die for producing powder metallurgy parts as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding and pushing structure (12) further includes a baffle plate (124) slidably installed in the upper part of the sliding cover (121). The baffle plate (124) blocks the bottom end of the feeding pipe (122). A second telescopic cylinder (123) is provided on the top of the sliding cover (121). The movable end of the second telescopic cylinder (123) is connected to the end of the baffle plate (124).

6. A pressing die for producing powder metallurgy parts as described in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a pad (13) installed on top of the movable housing (71), the upper surface of the pad (13) being the unloading surface, and the unloading and pushing structure (12) being slidably installed on top of the pad (13).

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