Modular cutter with quick-mount structure and relockable

Abstract

This invention discloses a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, relating to the field of modular cutting tool technology. It includes a spindle and a cutting tool body, the cutting tool body being mounted on the inner wall of the spindle. The cutting tool body consists of a tool holder, a connecting rod, and a cutting head. The bottom end of the cutting head is provided with a dynamic locking mechanism, which contains an elastic linkage mechanism. The top end of the connecting rod is provided with a screw hole, and a reset air-blowing mechanism is located at the end of the screw hole. The bottom inner wall of the screw hole is provided with a limiting mechanism. This invention discloses a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, which effectively eliminates the risk of micro-displacement at high speeds through a dual locking method and utilizes the pressure triggered by installation to automatically blow away impurities from the end face of the connecting rod, significantly improving machining accuracy and tool changing efficiency under heavy cutting conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of modular cutting tool technology, and more particularly to a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking. Background Technology

[0002] Modular cutting tools are composed of two or more standardized modules, such as tool holders, extension bars, and tool heads. Users can flexibly change the size of the tool like building blocks to meet their machining needs. This type of tool not only solves the problem of traditional integral cutting tools having to be scrapped after wear, but also saves costs significantly by discarding the tool head and reusing the tool holder. Furthermore, its high dimensional interchangeability allows for "instant cutting after replacement," eliminating the need for tedious tool setting and adjustment.

[0003] However, traditional modular cutting tools have a simple locking structure during installation, relying solely on the friction of the screw-fit end face for locking. In heavy cutting with high speed and large feed, they are easily affected by centrifugal force and vibration, which can cause the tool tip to move slightly, seriously affecting machining accuracy and even causing chipping or tool breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention discloses a modular cutting tool with a quick-installation structure and a composite locking mechanism. It aims to solve the technical problem that traditional modular cutting tools have a simple locking structure during installation, which relies solely on the friction of the screw-fit end face for locking. In heavy cutting with high speed and large feed, they are easily affected by centrifugal force and vibration, resulting in micro-displacement of the cutting head, which seriously affects the machining accuracy and may even cause chipping or breakage of the cutting edge.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking includes a spindle and a cutting tool body. The cutting tool body is mounted on the inner wall of the spindle and consists of a tool holder, a connecting rod, and a cutting head. The bottom end of the cutting head is provided with a dynamic locking mechanism, and the dynamic locking mechanism is provided with an elastic linkage mechanism. The top end of the connecting rod is provided with a screw hole, and the port of the screw hole is provided with a reset air blowing mechanism. The bottom inner wall of the screw hole is provided with a limiting mechanism.

[0007] The dynamic locking mechanism includes a connecting post disposed at the bottom end of the cutter head. The bottom end of the connecting post is provided with an adjustment groove, and the top inner wall of the adjustment groove is provided with a limiting cavity. The elastic linkage mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the adjustment groove and the limiting cavity. The bottom end of the connecting post is also provided with two centrally symmetrical storage grooves. The inner walls of the two storage grooves are each connected to a movable block by a hinge. The inner side of each of the two movable blocks is provided with a connecting rod. One end of each connecting rod passes through the storage groove and communicates with the interior of the adjustment groove. One end of each connecting rod is provided with a connecting pad. The connecting pad is used in conjunction with the elastic linkage mechanism, and the movable block is used in conjunction with the limiting mechanism.

[0008] In this solution, the combination of helical feed motion and inclined plane mechanical transmission is used to convert the axial tightening force into radial locking force through a dynamic locking mechanism at the moment the cutter head is tightened in the screw hole, thereby achieving an effective composite locking effect. This not only effectively resists centrifugal force and cutting vibration at high speeds, but also completely eliminates the risk of micro-displacement of a single threaded connection under alternating loads, ensuring coaxiality and safety during deep hole machining.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic linkage mechanism includes a stop block slidably connected within the limiting cavity. The bottom of the stop block is provided with a first spring, the bottom end of which is connected to the bottom inner wall of the limiting cavity. The bottom of the stop block is connected with a pressing seat, and the outer side of the pressing seat is provided with a contact surface. The contact surface and the pressing seat together form a frustum structure. The contact surface on the outer side of the pressing seat is adapted to the connecting pad, and the first spring is in a stretched state.

[0010] The elastic linkage mechanism can work with the stop block to support the connecting pad. In actual use, before screwing, the movable block on the connecting post is kept in the storage groove. After the connecting post is screwed into place with the screw hole, the extrusion seat is supported and retracted into the adjustment groove. The contact surface on the outside of the retracted extrusion seat supports the connecting pad in the adjustment groove, so that the movable block at one end of the connecting rod of the connecting pad extends out of the storage groove. Finally, the limiting mechanism in the screw hole completes the auxiliary fixation. The double fixing method of screwing and internal snap-fit ​​limiting is used to ensure the connection stability of the cutter head.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the limiting mechanism includes two limiting grooves disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the screw hole, the two limiting grooves being adapted to the two movable blocks respectively, and an elastic pad being provided above the inner wall of the bottom of the screw hole, the top of the elastic pad being higher than the top plane of the two limiting grooves.

[0012] The elastic pad is mainly made of rubber, which is relatively hard but has a certain degree of elasticity. As the connecting column is tightened, the compression seat at the bottom of the connecting column is supported. It not only rebounds out the movable block to match and engage with the limiting groove, but also uses the supporting reaction force of the elastic pad to press against the bottom of the connecting column, preventing the screw connection from loosening.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the reset air blowing mechanism includes an annular groove disposed at the top of the connecting rod. A washer is slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove. A limiting rod is provided at an equal distance circumferentially distributed at the bottom of the washer. The bottom end of the limiting rod is inserted into the bottom inner wall of the annular groove. A second spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod. A slider is provided at an equal distance circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the washer. A sliding groove is provided at an equal distance circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the annular groove. The sliding groove is adapted to the slider. A movable inner sleeve is provided at the top of the washer. The movable inner sleeve is composed of a sleeve and a pressure pad. Side holes are provided at an equal distance circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the sleeve. A guide groove is provided at an equal distance circumferentially distributed at the bottom of the washer. Three guide holes are provided inside the guide groove. An air guiding channel is opened inside the sleeve. The two ends of the air guiding channel are respectively connected to the guide holes and the side holes. The outlet end of the side hole is inclined downward.

[0014] The reset air blowing mechanism can be combined with the installation process of the cutter head to form an automatic air blowing. In actual use, when the cutter head is screwed into the screw hole using the connecting column, the bottom section of the pressed cutter head will squeeze the movable inner sleeve. As the movable inner sleeve moves down inside the annular groove, it can squeeze the space at the bottom of the annular groove. The airflow overflows outward along the guide groove, guide hole and air guide channel, and finally guides the air to the top end face of the connecting rod through the side hole of the inclined structure, blowing away any impurities that may be attached to its surface, and avoiding the presence of chips that may affect the coaxiality of the cutter head after installation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, as proposed in this invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, as proposed in this invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting head structure of a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, as proposed in this invention.

[0018] Figure 4 For the present invention in Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 5This is a diagram of the movable inner sleeve mounting structure of a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, as proposed in this invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of a modular cutting tool with a quick-release and composite locking mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0021] Figure 7 For the present invention in Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a washer structure for a modular cutting tool with a quick-release and composite locking mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guide groove structure of a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, as proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the side hole structure of a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, as proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 11 For the present invention in Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point C.

[0026] Figure 12 This is an internal cross-sectional view of the connecting rod of a modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, as proposed in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Spindle; 2. Tool holder; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Tool head; 5. Connecting column; 6. Movable block; 7. Connecting pad; 8. Limiting cavity; 9. First spring; 10. Stop block; 11. Extrusion seat; 12. Contact surface; 13. Screw hole; 14. Movable inner sleeve; 15. Limiting rod; 16. Second spring; 17. Elastic pad; 18. Washer; 19. Guide groove; 21. Side hole; 22. Guide hole; 23. Air guide channel; 24. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 12A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking includes a spindle 1 and a cutting tool body. The cutting tool body is installed on the inner wall of the spindle 1. The cutting tool body consists of a tool holder 2, a connecting rod 3 and a cutting head 4. The bottom end of the cutting head 4 is provided with a dynamic locking mechanism, and the dynamic locking mechanism is provided with an elastic linkage mechanism. The top end of the connecting rod 3 is provided with a screw hole 13, and the port of the screw hole 13 is provided with a reset air blowing mechanism. The bottom inner wall of the screw hole 13 is provided with a limiting mechanism.

[0030] The dynamic locking mechanism includes a connecting post 5 located at the bottom of the cutter head 4. The bottom of the connecting post 5 is provided with an adjustment groove, and the inner wall of the top of the adjustment groove is provided with a limiting cavity 8. An elastic linkage mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the adjustment groove and the limiting cavity 8. The bottom of the connecting post 5 is also provided with two centrally symmetrical storage grooves. The inner wall of each of the two storage grooves is connected to a movable block 6 by a hinge. The inner side of each of the two movable blocks 6 is provided with a connecting rod. One end of each connecting rod passes through the storage groove and communicates with the interior of the adjustment groove. One end of each connecting rod is provided with a connecting pad 7. The connecting pad 7 is used in conjunction with the elastic linkage mechanism, and the movable block 6 is used in conjunction with the limiting mechanism.

[0031] Specifically, by combining the helical feed motion with the inclined plane mechanical transmission, at the moment when the cutter head 4 is tightened into the screw hole 13, the axial tightening force is converted into radial locking force through the dynamic locking mechanism, achieving an effective composite locking effect. This not only effectively resists centrifugal force and cutting vibration at high speeds, but also completely eliminates the risk of micro-displacement of a single threaded connection under alternating loads, ensuring coaxiality and safety during deep hole machining.

[0032] The two movable blocks 6 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner, adopting a 180° centrally symmetrical layout, so that the radial clamping forces generated when the two movable blocks 6 pop out are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, forming a pair of balanced force systems. This structure completely cancels out the additional torque caused by unilateral locking, prevents the tool head 4 from tilting due to off-center loading, and ensures that the tool tip runout is controlled within the micron-level precision range.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment, the elastic linkage mechanism includes a stop block 10 slidably connected in the limiting cavity 8. The bottom of the stop block 10 is provided with a first spring 9, the bottom end of the first spring 9 is connected to the bottom inner wall of the limiting cavity 8, the bottom of the stop block 10 is connected with a pressing seat 11, the outer side of the pressing seat 11 is provided with a contact surface 12, the contact surface 12 and the pressing seat 11 together form a frustum structure, the contact surface 12 on the outer side of the pressing seat 11 is adapted to the connecting pad 7, and the first spring 9 is in a stretched state.

[0034] Among them, the first spring 9, as a built-in energy storage element, remains in a compressed and stored state when the cutter head 4 is not installed, providing pre-tightening power for the locking action; the stop block 10, as the central hub for force transmission, converts the linear thrust of the spring into vertical support for the extrusion seat 11, ensuring the reliability and responsiveness of the linkage mechanism in a confined space.

[0035] Specifically, the elastic linkage mechanism can work with the stop block 10 to support the connecting pad 7. In actual use, before screwing, the movable block 6 on the connecting post 5 is kept in the storage groove. After the connecting post 5 is screwed into place with the screw hole 13, the extrusion seat 11 is supported and retracted into the adjustment groove. The contact surface 12 on the outside of the extrusion seat 11, which is retracted in the opposite direction, supports the connecting pad 7 in the adjustment groove, so that the movable block 6 at one end of the connecting rod of the connecting pad 7 extends out of the storage groove. Finally, the limiting mechanism in the screw hole 13 completes the auxiliary fixation. The connection stability of the cutter head 4 is ensured by using the double fixing method of screwing and internal snap-fit ​​limiting.

[0036] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 12 In a preferred embodiment, the limiting mechanism includes two limiting grooves 24 disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the screw hole 13. The two limiting grooves are respectively adapted to two movable blocks 6. An elastic pad 17 is provided above the inner wall of the bottom of the screw hole 13, and the top of the elastic pad 17 is higher than the top plane of the two limiting grooves.

[0037] The limiting groove 24 serves as a mechanical dead point, and its depth is precisely matched with the stroke of the movable block 6. When the movable block 6 is ejected under the action of the pressing seat 11, it is completely embedded in the limiting groove 24.

[0038] Specifically, the elastic pad 17 is mainly made of rubber material, which is relatively hard but has a certain degree of elasticity. As the connecting post 5 is tightened, the compression seat 11 at the bottom of the connecting post 5 is supported, which not only rebounds out the movable block 6 to match and engage with the limiting groove 24, but also uses the supporting reaction force of the elastic pad 17 to press against the bottom of the connecting post 5 to prevent the screwed position from loosening.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11In a preferred embodiment, the reset air blowing mechanism includes an annular groove disposed at the top of the connecting rod 3. A washer 18 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove. A limiting rod 15, evenly spaced circumferentially distributed, is disposed at the bottom of the washer 18. The bottom end of the limiting rod 15 is inserted into the bottom inner wall of the annular groove. A second spring 16 is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod 15. Equally spaced sliders are disposed on the outer circumferential wall of the washer 18. Equally spaced circumferentially distributed sliding grooves are disposed on the inner circumferential wall of the annular groove. The sliding grooves... The slider is adapted to the top of the washer 18, which is provided with a movable inner sleeve 14. The movable inner sleeve 14 is composed of a sleeve and a pressure pad. The outer circumference of the sleeve is provided with side holes 21 distributed at equal intervals. The bottom of the washer 18 is provided with guide grooves 19 distributed at equal intervals. The inside of the guide grooves 19 is provided with three guide holes 22 distributed at equal intervals. The inside of the sleeve is provided with an air guide channel 23. The two ends of the air guide channel 23 are connected to the guide holes 22 and the side holes 21 respectively. The outlet end of the side hole 21 is inclined downward.

[0040] Among them, the limiting rod 15 constitutes the axial guide of the washer 18, preventing the washer 18 from twisting or getting stuck during airflow impact or reset; the annular groove and the washer 18 cooperate to form a sealed air chamber, which uses the pressure of the cutter head 4 during installation to evenly transmit to the entire air path, ensuring the synchronicity and explosive force of the blowing action.

[0041] In addition, the second spring 16 provides precise reset stroke control, quickly pushing the washer 18 back to its initial position after the cutter head 4 is removed, preparing air chamber space for the next installation; the cooperation between the slider and the groove not only guides, but also bears the lateral force on the washer 18 through surface contact.

[0042] Specifically, the movable inner sleeve 14 serves as a pressure receiving end, converting the weight of the cutter head 4 into a compressive force on the air chamber; the diversion network composed of the guide groove 19 and the guide hole 22 decomposes a single air source into multiple parallel airflows, accelerating the airflow velocity and achieving efficient cleaning of dust and chips on the end of the docking rod 3.

[0043] Specifically, the reset air blowing mechanism can be combined with the installation process of the cutter head 4 to form an automatic air blowing. In the specific use process, when the cutter head 4 is screwed into the screw hole 13 by the connecting column 5, the bottom section of the pressed cutter head 4 will be squeezed onto the movable inner sleeve 14. As the movable inner sleeve 14 moves down inside the annular groove, it can squeeze the space at the bottom of the annular groove. The airflow overflows outward along the guide groove 19, guide hole 22 and air guide channel 23, and finally guides the air to the top end face of the connecting rod 3 through the side hole 21 of the inclined structure, blowing away any impurities that may be attached to its surface, and avoiding the presence of chips that may affect the coaxiality of the cutter head 4 after installation.

[0044] Working principle: When in use, align the connecting post 5 of the cutter head 4 with the screw hole 13 of the connecting rod 3 and screw it in. As the axial feed occurs during the tightening process, the bottom section of the cutter head 4 presses down on the movable inner sleeve 14, forcing the washer 18 to compress the air in the annular groove. The airflow is ejected from the inclined side hole 21 through the guide groove 19, guide hole 22 and air guide channel 23, automatically blowing away the chips and impurities on the end face of the connecting rod 3. Continue tightening until the bottom of the connecting post 5 abuts against the elastic pad 17. The reaction force of the elastic pad 17 and the thread preload force work together. At the same time, the compression seat 11 inside the connecting post 5 is supported by the bottom and contracts in the opposite direction. The frustum-shaped contact surface 12 is used to push the connecting pad 7 and the connecting rod outward, driving the movable block 6 to rotate around the hinge and pop out and accurately embed into the limiting groove 24 at the bottom of the screw hole 13, forming a compound lock. Thus, the cutter head 4 always maintains zero displacement and high coaxiality under high speed and heavy cutting vibration.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking, comprising a spindle (1) and a cutting tool body, wherein the cutting tool body is mounted on the inner wall of the spindle (1), characterized in that, The cutter body is composed of a handle (2), a connecting rod (3) and a cutter head (4). The bottom end of the cutter head (4) is provided with a dynamic locking mechanism. The dynamic locking mechanism is provided with an elastic linkage mechanism. The top end of the connecting rod (3) is provided with a screw hole (13). The port of the screw hole (13) is provided with a reset air blowing mechanism. The bottom inner wall of the screw hole (13) is provided with a limiting mechanism. The dynamic locking mechanism includes a connecting post (5) at the bottom of the cutter head (4). The bottom of the connecting post (5) is provided with an adjustment groove. The upper inner wall of the adjustment groove is provided with a limiting cavity (8). The elastic linkage mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the adjustment groove and the limiting cavity (8). The bottom of the connecting post (5) is also provided with two centrally symmetrical storage grooves. The inner walls of the two storage grooves are connected by hinges to movable blocks (6). The inner sides of the two movable blocks (6) are provided with connecting rods. One end of the two connecting rods passes through the storage groove and communicates with the interior of the adjustment groove. One end of the two connecting rods is provided with a connecting pad (7). The connecting pad (7) is used in conjunction with the elastic linkage mechanism. The movable block (6) is used in conjunction with the limiting mechanism.

2. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility for locking, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The two active blocks (6) are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner.

3. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility for locking, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The elastic linkage mechanism includes a stop block (10) slidably connected in the limiting cavity (8), and a first spring (9) is provided at the bottom of the stop block (10). The bottom end of the first spring (9) is connected to the bottom inner wall of the limiting cavity (8).

4. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility for locking, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The bottom of the stop block (10) is connected to the extrusion seat (11), and the outer side of the extrusion seat (11) is provided with a contact surface (12). The contact surface (12) and the extrusion seat (11) together form a frustum structure. The contact surface (12) on the outer side of the extrusion seat (11) is adapted to the connecting pad (7), and the first spring (9) is in a stretched state.

5. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility for locking, as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism includes two limiting grooves (24) disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the screw hole (13), and the two limiting grooves are respectively adapted to the two movable blocks (6).

6. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility for locking, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... An elastic pad (17) is provided above the bottom inner wall of the screw hole (13), and the top of the elastic pad (17) is higher than the top plane of the two limiting grooves.

7. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility for locking, as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reset air blowing mechanism includes an annular groove at the top of the connecting rod (3), a washer (18) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, and a limiting insert (15) is provided at the bottom of the washer (18) in a circumferentially distributed manner, with the bottom end of the limiting insert (15) inserted into the bottom inner wall of the annular groove.

8. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility for locking, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that... A second spring (16) is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod (15), and sliders are provided at equal intervals on the outer circumference of the washer (18). Slide grooves are provided at equal intervals on the inner circumference of the annular groove, and the slide grooves are adapted to the sliders.

9. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility for locking, as described in claim 8, is characterized in that... The top of the washer (18) is provided with a movable inner sleeve (14), which is composed of a sleeve and a pressure pad. The outer circumference of the sleeve is provided with side holes (21) distributed at equal intervals. The bottom of the washer (18) is provided with guide grooves (19) distributed at equal intervals. The inside of the guide grooves (19) is provided with three guide holes (22) distributed at equal intervals. The inside of the sleeve is provided with an air guide channel (23), and the two ends of the air guide channel (23) are respectively connected to the guide holes (22) and the side holes (21).

10. A modular cutting tool with a quick-release structure and compatibility locking as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The outlet end of the side hole (21) is inclined downward.

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