An automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing

Abstract

This invention discloses an automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing, relating to the field of laser cutting technology for wood panels. The machine includes a laser cutting head and a coaxially mounted protective plate and pressure lip assembly, which is raised and lowered via a lifting drive mechanism. During paused drilling, the protective plate and pressure lip assembly descends to adhere to the board surface, forming a closed protective layer. It utilizes an internal phase-change heat-absorbing liquid to rapidly absorb instantaneous residual heat, combined with a capillary adsorption layer to adsorb dust. During forward cutting, the assembly rises and detaches from the board surface, and its inner casing performs end-point rectification of the coaxial air curtain, causing the airflow to converge and sweep away the cutting seam. This invention effectively solves the problems of carbonization at the starting point and dust diffusion during wood laser cutting through the synergistic effects of plate protection, phase-change heat absorption, airflow rectification, and negative pressure extraction. It does not interfere with normal cutting and movement, and significantly improves the cutting quality and production efficiency of furniture panels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and more specifically to an automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting, due to its high precision, high processing efficiency, and non-contact cutting, is now widely used in the processing of furniture panels such as solid wood, plywood, and MDF, becoming an important processing method for custom furniture production. Currently, laser cutting of furniture panels generally adopts a process of first drilling holes at fixed points and then cutting along the surface. In actual production, this process has a difficult-to-solve problem of peri-hole carbonization defects, and these defects are concentrated in the stage when the laser drilling does not completely penetrate the board, which is also the critical period for the formation of carbonized black spots.

[0003] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, when the laser is used for targeted drilling but the board is not penetrated, the laser beam remains in the same position for a long time. Heat cannot dissipate outwards through the cut and continues to diffuse radially towards the wood around the hole. Simultaneously, the high-temperature smoke and carbon dust generated during drilling cannot escape from under the board through the cut (not penetrated), but instead accumulates on the upper surface of the board and around the laser beam path, forming high-temperature smoke clouds. This not only scatters laser energy, further expanding the heat-affected zone, but also directly scorches the wood around the hole, ultimately forming diffused carbonized black spots with a diameter of about 20mm around the initial hole. This severely affects the appearance of the finished furniture board and requires additional sanding and repair processes, increasing processing costs. Once the board is completely penetrated and the cutting head moves normally, the laser does not remain in place for an extended period, and the smoke can be quickly expelled through the cut, thus avoiding this large-area carbonization problem.

[0004] Existing wood laser cutting machines are generally equipped with coaxial air blowing systems, but their air blowing structures are all integrated and installed on the laser head body, far from the surface of the board. This design is mainly to avoid interference between the laser head and the board when moving at high speed, and at the same time, it relies on downward airflow to form an air seal protection for the internal lens of the laser head to prevent smoke and dust from contaminating the lens. However, with this long-distance air blowing method, the airflow has already diffused significantly by the time it reaches the surface of the board, and the flow direction and pressure are difficult to control precisely. Especially in the stage where the hole is not penetrated, downward air blowing will suppress high-temperature smoke and dust on a large area of ​​the board surface, aggravating the retention and diffusion of smoke and dust, and failing to prevent carbonization from forming at the root. There are no relevant technical solutions in the current technology to specifically solve the problem of instantaneous high heat and smoke and dust blockage during the period when the hole is not penetrated, which cannot meet the production requirements of high-quality carbonization-free cutting of furniture boards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing that can effectively improve the black spots that appear when the wood is laser-cut.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing, comprising a laser cutting head mounted on a walking platform, and a protective plate pressing lip assembly coaxially mounted on the laser cutting head via a lifting drive mechanism;

[0007] The protective plate pressure lip assembly can descend and abut against the wood board surface around the cutting point when the laser cutting head stops drilling, so as to form an isolation and protection for the board surface, while absorbing the heat on the board surface.

[0008] The protective plate pressure lip assembly can lift and detach from the wood surface when the laser cutting head moves, and form the final stage rectification of the coaxial air curtain blown downward by the laser cutting head, so that the coaxial air curtain converges and blows away the cutting seam.

[0009] Preferably, the protective plate pressure lip assembly includes an annular pressure lip and an airflow guide portion disposed above the pressure lip; the airflow guide portion is composed of an outer hopper shell and an inner hopper shell that are nested together, the lower part of the outer hopper shell is connected to the pressure lip, and an upwardly extending smoke and dust extraction channel is formed between the outer hopper shell and the inner hopper shell, and an air curtain rectification channel is formed in the middle of the inner hopper shell.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the dust extraction channel is closed by a folded edge on the top periphery of the inner hopper shell, and the protective plate pressure lip assembly also includes an annular negative pressure extraction chamber located above the airflow guide, which is capable of forming a negative pressure. The negative pressure extraction chamber is connected to the dust extraction channel through a number of extraction pipes that pass through the folded edge and are evenly distributed around the airflow guide.

[0011] Preferably, the negative pressure exhaust chamber is provided with a transverse air distribution filter at its center, which divides it into upper and lower chambers; the top of the negative pressure exhaust chamber is provided with a negative pressure interface for connection to a negative pressure system.

[0012] Preferably, the pressing lip is an annular flat box, and the inner hopper shell, the folded edge, and the outer hopper shell are all hollow structures composed of two shell plates; the inner cavities of the pressing lip, the outer hopper shell, the folded edge, and the inner hopper shell are interconnected; a capillary adsorption layer is formed on the inner ring wall of the pressing lip, as well as on the shell plates of the outer hopper shell, the folded edge, and the inner hopper shell corresponding to the dust extraction channel; and the pressing lip is filled with a phase change endothermic liquid.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the pressure lip is also provided with a liquid inlet and a pressure relief outlet, the liquid inlet is fitted with a sealing cap, and the pressure relief outlet is provided with a pressure limiting valve.

[0014] Preferably, an annular connecting wing plate is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the airflow guide section. The connecting wing plate is evenly provided with a plurality of vertical holes, and an extension sleeve is adapted to the lower end of each vertical hole. A vertical drive rod is inserted into the vertical hole. The lower end of the drive rod extends beyond the extension sleeve and is provided with an end plate. A baffle is fixed on the section of the drive rod above the connecting wing plate. A buffer spring is sleeved on the drive rod between the baffle and the connecting wing plate. The upper end of the drive rod is connected to the lifting drive mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the lifting drive mechanism includes a mounting frame fixedly connected to the laser cutting head and a telescopic component with its output end facing downward, which is mounted on the mounting frame; the output end of the telescopic component is connected to the upper end of the drive rod.

[0016] Preferably, the mounting bracket includes a clamp that is fixedly sleeved on the end of the laser cutting head, and the clamp has fixing sleeves on both sides for fixing the telescopic components.

[0017] Preferably, the clamp is further provided with a downwardly extending reinforcing rod, the middle part of which is provided with a fastening sleeve connected to the telescopic component, and the lower end of the reinforcing rod is provided with a guide sleeve that forms a guiding fit with the drive rod.

[0018] Preferably, the telescopic component is a pneumatic push rod or an electric push rod.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are mainly reflected in:

[0020] The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing disclosed in this invention solves the technical problems of traditional laser cutting processes, such as large-area carbonization at the starting point, smoke and dust diffusion, and scratches on the board, through the coordinated design of the guard plate pressing lip assembly and the lifting drive mechanism. Compared with existing laser cutting equipment, the specific improvements are as follows:

[0021] 1. Effectively solves the problem of carbonization diffusion at the starting point, improving processing quality: The protective plate pressure lip assembly can be flexibly raised and lowered according to the processing status. When the laser is paused for drilling, the pressure lip adheres to the board to form a local isolation protection, preventing the board surface from directly contacting high-temperature fumes; combined with the fume extraction channel between the inner and outer shells, it precisely extracts air, preventing fumes from spreading around the hole; at the same time, the pressure lip can quickly absorb the residual heat conducted from the board surface, especially the phase change heat absorption design, which can quickly absorb the instantaneous high temperature generated by drilling, eliminating large-scale carbonization caused by heat conduction and laser scattering, completely solving the problem of large-area black rings around the holes in traditional equipment, eliminating the need for additional manual grinding and repair, greatly improving the processing yield, and avoiding rework due to carbonization defects.

[0022] 2. Simple structure and strong adaptability, without affecting normal processing: The protective plate pressure lip assembly is coaxially set with the laser cutting head, and only achieves plate sealing during the drilling stage. During normal movement, it automatically rises to avoid scratching the surface of the board and does not interfere with the movement trajectory of the cutting head. The whole is integrated into the laser cutting head, without the need for additional complex cooling or fume extraction equipment. It can achieve rapid exhaust of smoke and dust through its simple structure, avoiding the problems of airflow turbulence and smoke and dust diffusion in traditional equipment. It is suitable for processing furniture boards of different thicknesses and materials, and has strong versatility.

[0023] 3. Reduce processing costs and improve production efficiency: No need to add an independent cooling and exhaust system. Relying on its own phase change heat absorption and closed-loop airflow design, it reduces subsequent processes such as manual polishing and rework, and avoids secondary processing caused by carbonization defects, thus shortening the production cycle. The buffer design (expandable structure) of the protective plate lip eliminates the need for frequent adjustment of equipment parameters, adapts to furniture boards of different thicknesses, and eliminates the need for additional adaptation and debugging, further reducing processing and labor costs.

[0024] 4. Easy to operate, no complicated debugging required: No laser power adjustment or complex parameter settings are needed. The mechanical structure works synergistically to achieve "drilling without carbonization and movement without interference," requiring no professional operators. It adapts to various needs in furniture processing, significantly improving processing efficiency and reducing manual intervention costs. Because heat absorption and isolation protection are concentrated during the short laser drilling dwell time, the phase change endothermic fluid usage is small and highly controllable; only periodic replenishment through the replenishment port is required. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle behind the appearance of black spots in existing wood laser cutting processes;

[0026] Figure 2 These are photographs of actual carbonized black spot defects under existing laser cutting processes; in Figure a, the box shows carbonized black spot defects under straight-line cutting; in Figure b, the box shows carbonized black spot defects under circumferential cutting.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective plate pressure lip assembly of the present invention when it is lifted;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective plate pressing lip assembly of the present invention during plate application;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 BB view of the structure shown;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of section C.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 1. Laser cutting head; 2. Protective plate pressure lip assembly; 3. Pressure lip part; 4. Airflow guide part; 5. Outer hopper shell; 6. Inner hopper shell; 7. Smoke and dust extraction channel; 8. Air curtain rectification channel; 9. Negative pressure extraction chamber; 10. Extraction pipe; 11. Uniform air filter; 12. Negative pressure interface; 13. Capillary adsorption layer; 14. Phase change heat absorption liquid; 15. Liquid replenishment port; 16. Pressure relief port; 17. Connecting wing plate; 18. Extension sleeve; 19. Drive rod; 20. End plate; 21. Baffle plate; 22. Buffer spring; 23. Telescopic component; 24. Clamp; 25. Fixing sleeve; 26. Reinforcing rod; 27. Fastening sleeve; 28. Guide sleeve; 29. ​​Shell plate; 30. Folded edge. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Any modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the core concept of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] This invention addresses the core pain point of the "fixed-point drilling followed by moving-cutting" process in laser cutting of furniture panels—carbonization and smoke diffusion at the starting point during the incomplete drilling stage. Based on a synergistic solution of "isolation and protection + instantaneous heat absorption + directional smoke exhaust + air curtain rectification," a liftable guard plate and pressure lip assembly is coaxially mounted on the laser cutting head. Through a lifting drive mechanism, it achieves precise linkage with the processing conditions, solving the problems of heat diffusion and smoke retention during the drilling stage without interfering with the normal operation during the moving-cutting stage. Ultimately, it achieves high-precision laser cutting of furniture panels without carbonization.

[0036] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing of the present invention includes a laser cutting head 1 mounted on a walking platform and a protective plate pressing lip assembly 2 coaxially arranged at the lower end of the laser cutting head 1 via a lifting drive mechanism. The lifting drive mechanism, as the power execution component of the protective plate pressing lip assembly 2, needs to meet the requirements of "fast response, stable lifting, and smooth contact". Therefore, its telescopic component 23 is preferably a pneumatic push rod or an electric push rod, which can realize vertical small stroke lifting along the axis of the laser cutting head 1, thereby driving the protective plate pressing lip assembly 2 to complete the contact / detachment switching with the wood board surface, adapting to the automated operation rhythm of laser cutting.

[0037] I. Overall Structural Design of the Protective Plate Pressing Lid Assembly

[0038] The protective plate pressure lip assembly 2 is the core integrated structure for realizing "perforation protection and smoke exhaust, walking rectification and blowing". It needs to meet the design requirements of coaxial arrangement, functional integration and compact structure. Therefore, it adopts a three-layer structure of negative pressure exhaust cavity 9, airflow guide part 4 and pressure lip part 3, which are coaxially fixed from top to bottom. The three form an integrated ring structure, which is sleeved on the outside of the optical path below the laser cutting head 1. It does not block the laser optical path and can realize the coordinated linkage of various functions.

[0039] Among them, the airflow guide 4, as the core component of "airflow diversion and guidance", needs to simultaneously realize the upward extraction of smoke and dust and the downward rectification of the air curtain. Therefore, it is designed as a double-layer structure of an outer shell 5 and an inner shell 6 that are nested together: a gap is reserved between the outer shell 5 and the inner shell 6 to form an upwardly extending smoke extraction channel 7. The oblique design can use negative pressure to form a smooth upward airflow and avoid smoke and dust from stagnating in the channel; the inner shell 6 has a through air curtain rectification channel 8 in the middle, which is directly opposite the coaxial air blowing port of the laser cutting head 1. Through the cylindrical constraint of the channel, the originally diffused coaxial air curtain is rectified at the end to ensure the concentration of airflow.

[0040] The negative pressure extraction chamber 9 provides continuous power for smoke and dust extraction. It needs to achieve uniform negative pressure distribution and stable smoke extraction efficiency. Therefore, it is designed as a ring-shaped cavity structure coaxial with the laser cutting head 1. The top of the cavity is equipped with a negative pressure interface 12 for connecting to the factory's negative pressure extraction system to provide negative pressure for the entire smoke extraction channel. A uniform air filter 11 is set horizontally inside the cavity to divide the negative pressure extraction chamber 9 into upper and lower chambers. This can effectively avoid local concentration of negative pressure airflow and ensure that the smoke extraction efficiency of the extraction pipes 10, which are evenly distributed around the airflow guide part 4, is consistent. It is preferable to have 3-6 extraction pipes 10 to ensure the smoke extraction effect and avoid structural redundancy that affects the flexibility of the equipment. The lower end of the pipes 10 is connected to the smoke and dust extraction channel 7, and the upper end is connected to the negative pressure extraction chamber 9 to form a complete smoke and dust extraction path.

[0041] In this structure with a negative pressure extraction chamber 9, the top of the smoke extraction channel 7 is generally sealed by the folded edge 30 on the top periphery of the inner hopper shell 6, and the extraction pipe 10 passes through the folded edge 30 and connects with the smoke extraction channel 7.

[0042] In some embodiments, the negative pressure exhaust chamber 9 may not be provided. In this case, the smoke and dust exhaust channel 7 between the inner hopper shell 6 and the outer hopper shell 5 is not closed, and smoke is exhausted by vertical convection. The inner hopper shell 6 can be installed on the outer hopper shell 5 by a support rod to form a stable connection.

[0043] II. Structural Design and Heat Absorption / Sealing of the Pressure Lid

[0044] As the component that directly contacts the board surface during the drilling stage, the core function of the pressing lip 3 is to seal and isolate the board and quickly absorb residual heat from the board surface. Therefore, it needs to meet the requirements of good sealing effect, high heat absorption efficiency and wear-resistant structure. It is designed as a ring-shaped flat box structure with a flat bonding surface on the bottom, which can closely adhere to the wood board surface and form a closed isolation space around the laser drilling point. This spatially blocks the diffusion of high-temperature smoke and dust to the periphery of the hole, solving the problem of carbonized black spots formed on the board surface by smoke and dust in traditional processes.

[0045] To achieve instantaneous and efficient heat absorption, considering the characteristics of "localized instantaneous high temperature and rapid radial heat diffusion" during the incomplete laser drilling stage, a phase change heat absorption design is adopted: the pressure lip 3 adopts a ring-shaped flat box structure (with an inner cavity). The outer shell 5, the folded edge 30, and the inner shell 6 are all designed as hollow structures composed of two shell plates 29, and the inner cavities of the three are interconnected. The inner cavity of the pressure lip 3 is filled with a phase change heat absorption liquid 14, preferably a paraffin-based organic phase change liquid with high specific heat capacity and low phase change temperature of 45-60℃. This liquid can undergo a phase change at the instantaneous high temperature of laser drilling, absorbing a large amount of latent heat and quickly carrying away the heat conducted from the plate surface. Waste heat is blocked from the source to prevent heat from radially diffusing to the periphery of the holes, thus avoiding thermal carbonization. At the same time, in order to increase the heat absorption area and improve the distribution uniformity of the phase change heat absorption liquid 14, a capillary adsorption layer 13 is provided on the inner ring wall of the pressure lip 3, as well as on the shell plates 29 corresponding to the outer shell 5, the folded edge 30, and the inner shell 6 and the dust extraction channel 7. That is, a capillary adsorption layer 13 is provided on the inner surface of the shell plates 29 of the outer shell 5, the folded edge 30, and the inner shell 6 near the dust extraction channel 7. The capillary adsorption layer 13 is made of porous ceramic or glass fiber material, which adsorbs the phase change heat absorption liquid 14 through capillary action and evenly adheres it to the inner wall of the shell plate 29, thereby improving the heat absorption efficiency.

[0046] To ensure the safety and ease of maintenance of the phase change heat absorption structure, a liquid inlet 15 and a pressure relief port 16 are provided at the top of the pressure lip 3: the liquid inlet 15 is fitted with a sealing cap, which can periodically replenish the phase change heat absorption liquid 14 that has evaporated or been lost, ensuring long-term heat absorption effect; the pressure relief port 16 is equipped with a pressure limiting valve, which addresses the problem that the phase change heat absorption liquid 14 is prone to internal pressure due to thermal expansion. When the internal pressure reaches the threshold, the pressure limiting valve automatically opens to release pressure, preventing damage to the hollow structure due to excessive internal pressure.

[0047] III. Design of Lifting Connection and Buffer Guide Structure

[0048] The lifting connection structure of the guard plate pressure lip assembly 2 needs to achieve stable power transmission, no swaying during lifting, and no impact when touching the plate. Therefore, the connecting wing plate 17, which is fixed circumferentially on the outer side of the airflow guide part 4, is used as the connecting carrier. Vertical holes are evenly opened on the connecting wing plate 17. The lower end of the vertical hole is fitted with an extension sleeve 18, through which a vertical drive rod 19 passes. The lower end of the drive rod 19 passes through the extension sleeve 18 and is provided with an end plate 20. The upper end is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic component 23 of the lifting drive mechanism to achieve vertical power transmission.

[0049] To address the issues of easy hard contact and scratching of the board material and poor adhesion when the protective lip assembly 2 descends to adhere to the board, an elastic buffer structure is designed: a baffle 21 is fixed on the section of the drive rod 19 located above the connecting wing plate 17, and a buffer spring 22 is sleeved on the outside of the drive rod 19 between the baffle 21 and the connecting wing plate 17. It is preferably a stainless steel compression spring with an elastic coefficient of 5-10 N / mm. When the protective lip assembly 2 descends to adhere to the board, the buffer spring 22 is compressed to generate elastic force, which not only offsets the downward impact force and prevents the lip 3 from hard contacting and scratching the decorative surface of the furniture board, but also adapts to the slight unevenness of the board surface, ensuring the sealing and adhesion effect between the lip 3 and the board surface.

[0050] To ensure the installation stability and guiding accuracy of the lifting drive mechanism, its mounting frame adopts a clamp-type fixing + reinforcing rod guiding design: including a clamp 24 fixedly sleeved at the end of the laser cutting head 1, with symmetrical fixing sleeves 25 on both sides of the clamp 24 to fix the telescopic component 23 and ensure its coaxiality with the laser cutting head 1; a reinforcing rod 26 extends downward from the clamp 24, with a fastening sleeve 27 in the middle that is fixedly connected to the middle of the telescopic component 23 to prevent the telescopic component 23 from shaking during operation; a guide sleeve 28 is provided at the lower end of the reinforcing rod 26, which slides with the drive rod 19 to provide precise guidance for the lifting of the drive rod 19, ensuring that the guard plate pressure lip assembly 2 is always coaxial with the laser cutting head 1 during the lifting process, without swaying or jamming.

[0051] IV. Working Process of the Invention

[0052] The core design logic of this invention is that the state of the protective plate pressure lip assembly 2 is precisely linked with the laser cutting process stage. Relying on the extension and retraction of the lifting drive mechanism, the function switching of "plate protection and smoke exhaust during the parking and drilling stage, and lifting, rectification and blowing during the walking and cutting stage" is realized. The entire process is synchronized with the working rhythm of the laser cutting head 1, without modifying the original structure of the laser cutting head, and without adjusting parameters such as laser power and blowing pressure. The specific working process is as follows:

[0053] During the paused drilling stage, the laser cutting head 1 stops at the designated starting point. The telescopic component 23 of the lifting drive mechanism extends, driving the guard plate pressure lip assembly 2 to descend vertically. Under the elastic action of the buffer spring 22, the bottom surface of the pressure lip 3 fits tightly and softly against the wood surface, forming a closed isolation space around the drilling point. When the laser emits to drill, the instantaneous high temperature generated on the board surface is conducted to the interior through the contact surface of the pressure lip 3. The phase change heat-absorbing liquid 14 undergoes a rapid phase change, absorbing a large amount of latent heat and blocking the radial diffusion of heat to the periphery of the hole. At the same time, the external negative pressure system provides continuous negative pressure to the negative pressure exhaust chamber 9 through the negative pressure interface 12. The negative pressure airflow enters the smoke and dust exhaust channel 7 through the exhaust pipe 10, forming an upward directional airflow that quickly draws the high-temperature smoke and dust generated during drilling into the channel and discharges it from the negative pressure exhaust chamber 9, thus completely solving the problem of carbonized black spots from both spatial and thermal perspectives.

[0054] During the cutting phase, the board has been penetrated: After the laser drilling completely penetrates the wood board surface, the smoke and dust generated during cutting can be discharged downward through the cut, eliminating the risk of carbonization. At this time, the telescopic component 23 of the lifting drive mechanism retracts, driving the guard plate pressure lip assembly 2 to rise vertically, and the pressure lip 3 detaches from the wood board surface to avoid interfering with the walking trajectory of the laser cutting head 1. The laser cutting head 1 walks and cuts along the preset trajectory, and the coaxial air curtain blown downward passes through the air curtain rectification channel 8 of the inner shell 6. Through the cylindrical constraint of the channel, the originally diffused air curtain is regulated into a concentrated columnar airflow, which accurately blows the cutting seam and quickly blows away the smoke and dust generated during cutting away from the cutting seam, ensuring cutting accuracy and board surface cleanliness. At the same time, the coaxial air curtain can form a continuous air seal on the lens of the laser cutting head 1 to prevent smoke and dust from contaminating the lens.

[0055] V. Parameter Design and Logic of Preferred Embodiments

[0056] To further improve the effectiveness of this invention, the parameters of the core components are optimized based on the processing characteristics of solid wood, plywood, and MDF furniture boards. The design logic revolves around processing adaptability, maximizing efficiency, and minimizing cost.

[0057] Phase change heat absorber 14 is preferably a paraffin-based phase change fluid with a phase change temperature of 45-60℃, which matches the actual temperature of the laser-drilled board surface. It has high heat absorption efficiency, stable chemical properties, and is non-corrosive, making it suitable for the environmental protection requirements of furniture board processing.

[0058] A high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant silicone pad can be attached to the bottom surface of the pressure lip 3 to further improve the sealing effect with the board surface, while avoiding hard metal contact that could scratch the decorative surface of the furniture board and reduce processing waste;

[0059] The diameter of the extraction tube 10 is designed to be 8-12mm and the length to be 50-80mm. While ensuring the efficiency of negative pressure airflow conduction, the length is shortened as much as possible to avoid structural redundancy affecting the operational flexibility of the laser cutting head 1.

[0060] The spring constant of the buffer spring 22 is designed to be 5-10 N / mm, which can provide sufficient buffering force to offset the downward impact, and also ensure the contact pressure between the pressure lip 3 and the plate surface to ensure the sealing and isolation effect.

[0061] This invention addresses the practical pain points of furniture laser cutting by integrating four major functions—phase change heat absorption, sealing and isolation, directional smoke exhaust, and air curtain rectification—into a liftable guard plate lip assembly. Through simple lifting movements, it achieves precise linkage with the processing conditions, eliminating the need for significant modifications to existing laser cutting machines. It is suitable for both new equipment manufacturing and upgrading older equipment, effectively solving the problem of carbonization at the cutting point, improving the quality of finished furniture board cuttings, reducing subsequent grinding and repair processes, lowering processing costs, and simultaneously increasing production efficiency. It fully meets the automated, high-quality production needs of furniture manufacturing.

[0062] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing, characterized in that: It includes a laser cutting head (1) mounted on a walking platform, and a protective plate pressing lip assembly (2) coaxially mounted on the laser cutting head (1) via a lifting drive mechanism. The protective plate pressing lip assembly (2) can descend and abut against the wood board surface around the cutting point when the laser cutting head (1) stops drilling, so as to form an isolation protection for the board surface and absorb the heat on the board surface at the same time. The protective plate pressure lip assembly (2) can lift and detach from the wood board surface when the laser cutting head (1) moves, and form the final section rectification of the coaxial air curtain blown downward by the laser cutting head (1), so that the coaxial air curtain converges and blows away the cutting seam.

2. The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective plate pressure lip assembly (2) includes an annular pressure lip (3) and an airflow guide (4) disposed above the pressure lip (3); the airflow guide (4) is composed of an outer hopper shell (5) and an inner hopper shell (6) that are nested together. The lower part of the outer hopper shell (5) is connected to the pressure lip (3), and the outer hopper shell (5) and the inner hopper shell (6) form an upwardly extending smoke and dust extraction channel (7). The middle part of the inner hopper shell (6) forms an air curtain rectification channel (8).

3. The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the dust extraction channel (7) is closed by the folded edge (30) on the top periphery of the inner hopper shell (6). The protective plate pressure lip assembly (2) also includes an annular negative pressure extraction chamber (9) located above the airflow guide (4) and capable of forming negative pressure. The negative pressure extraction chamber (9) is connected to the dust extraction channel (7) through a number of extraction pipes (10) that pass through the folded edge (30) and are evenly distributed around the airflow guide (4).

4. The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The negative pressure exhaust chamber (9) is provided with a horizontal air distribution filter (11) at its center, and is divided into upper and lower chambers by the air distribution filter (11); the top of the negative pressure exhaust chamber (9) is provided with a negative pressure interface (12) for connecting to the negative pressure system.

5. The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing lip (3) is a ring-shaped flat box. The inner shell (6), the folded edge (30) and the outer shell (5) are all hollow structures composed of two shell plates (29). The inner cavities of the pressing lip (3), the outer shell (5), the folded edge (30) and the inner shell (6) are interconnected. The inner ring wall of the pressing lip (3) and the shell plates (29) of the outer shell (5), the folded edge (30) and the inner shell (6) corresponding to the dust extraction channel (7) are all covered with capillary adsorption layers (13). The pressing lip (3) is filled with a phase change endothermic liquid (14).

6. The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the pressure lip (3) is also provided with a liquid inlet (15) and a pressure relief port (16). The liquid inlet (15) is fitted with a sealing cap, and the pressure relief port (16) is provided with a pressure limiting valve.

7. The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular connecting wing plate (17) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the airflow guide (4). Multiple vertical holes are evenly arranged on the connecting wing plate (17), and an extension sleeve (18) is fitted at the lower end of each vertical hole. A vertical drive rod (19) is inserted through the vertical hole. The lower end of the drive rod (19) extends beyond the extension sleeve (18) and is provided with an end plate (20). A baffle (21) is fixed on a section of the drive rod (19) above the connecting wing plate (17). A buffer spring (22) is fitted on the drive rod (19) between the baffle (21) and the connecting wing plate (17). The upper end of the drive rod (19) is connected to the lifting drive mechanism.

8. The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism includes a mounting bracket fixedly connected to the laser cutting head (1) and a telescopic component (23) with its output end facing downward, which is mounted on the mounting bracket; the output end of the telescopic component (23) is connected to the upper end of the drive rod (19).

9. The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mounting bracket includes a clamp (24) fixedly sleeved on the end of the laser cutting head (1), and the clamp (24) has fixing sleeves (25) on both sides for fixing the telescopic component (23).

10. The automated laser cutting machine for furniture manufacturing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamp (24) is also provided with a reinforcing rod (26) extending downwards. The middle part of the reinforcing rod (26) is provided with a fastening sleeve (27) connected to the telescopic component (23). The lower end of the reinforcing rod (26) is provided with a guide sleeve (28) that forms a guiding fit with the drive rod (19).

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