A multi-product flexible welding fixture for construction machines and a control method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of welding technology for engineering machinery, and in particular to a flexible welding fixture for multiple products in engineering machinery. It includes a support frame, a conversion welding device disposed within the support frame, a support component disposed within the support frame, a clamping component disposed at the output end of the support component, and a positioning welding component disposed on the support component. This invention, through the coordinated design of the support, clamping, and positioning welding components, can flexibly adapt to both curved and flat backplate excavator bucket ear assemblies. It enables welding of multiple products without changing fixtures, shortens changeover time, reduces fixture and equipment investment costs, and improves production versatility. Simultaneously, the pressure plate and clamping plate synchronously position and clamp the workpiece, ensuring convenient and precise clamping, eliminating welding displacement, deformation, and internal stress arching defects, guaranteeing weld quality and product qualification rate. Furthermore, relying on the cooperation of the transmission and guiding components, the welding torch can automatically revolve along the curved or flat weld seam, achieving fully automatic continuous welding without dead angles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology for engineering machinery, and in particular to a flexible welding fixture and control method for multiple products in engineering machinery. Background Technology

[0002] The bucket lug assembly (hook plate assembly) of an excavator bucket is a core load-bearing component connecting the bucket and the excavator boom. The conventional structure consists of two perforated hook plates welded to an arc-shaped back plate. The holes in the hook plates must be precisely matched to the pins of the excavator boom to ensure connection strength and assembly accuracy. At the same time, in order to adapt to the needs of quick switching between various attachments such as hydraulic breakers, log grapples, rippers, and flat-bottomed shovels, some bucket lug assemblies need to be equipped with a flat back plate structure. The combination of the flat back plate and the hook plates forms a standard quick-change interface, which greatly improves the versatility and operational flexibility of construction machinery attachments.

[0003] Currently, in the welding production of bucket ear assemblies in the industry, the weld seam trajectories of the two types of workpieces, namely the arc-shaped back plate and the flat back plate, are different. Therefore, in order to avoid welding internal stress, both types of workpieces require special welding fixtures. In actual production, when switching workpieces, it is necessary to disassemble, replace, and adjust the fixtures, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, reducing production efficiency, but also prone to positioning deviations due to repeated disassembly and assembly of the fixtures, affecting welding accuracy and further increasing production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the above or existing technologies that require special fixtures and time-consuming changeover when welding arc-shaped and flat back plate workpieces, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a flexible welding fixture for multiple products in engineering machinery.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A preferred embodiment of the flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products of the present invention includes a support frame;

[0008] The conversion welding device disposed inside the support frame includes a support component disposed inside the support frame, a clamping component disposed at the output end of the support component, and a positioning welding component disposed on the support component.

[0009] The support assembly includes a sliding plate 1 disposed on the outer wall of the support frame, a sliding frame penetrating the outer wall of the sliding plate 1, and a sliding plate 3 disposed on the outer wall of the support frame;

[0010] The clamping assembly includes a support plate disposed on the outer wall of the sliding frame and a pressure plate disposed at the end of the support plate;

[0011] The positioning welding assembly includes a stop rod disposed on the outer wall of the sliding plate, a fixing tube sleeved on the outside of the stop rod, a clamping plate disposed at the end of the fixing tube, and a welding head disposed on the outside of the clamping plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the flexible welding fixture and control method for multiple products of engineering machinery of the present invention, the support assembly further includes a first return spring, a first return spring is provided between the sliding frame and the first sliding plate, a second sliding plate is provided between the third sliding plate and the sliding frame, a second return spring is provided between the third sliding plate and the second sliding plate, and an electric telescopic rod is provided on the outer wall of the support frame.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the flexible welding fixture and control method for multiple products of engineering machinery of the present invention, wherein: the end of the electric telescopic rod is disposed on the outer wall of the sliding plate three, and the sliding frame is "n" shaped.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the flexible welding fixture and control method for multiple products of engineering machinery of the present invention, the clamping assembly further includes a fixing plate, the outer wall of the sliding plate is provided with a fixing plate, and the outer wall of the fixing plate is provided with a support column.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the flexible welding fixture and control method for multiple products of engineering machinery of the present invention, wherein: a rotating pin is provided at the connection between the support plate and the pressure plate, and a rotating pin is provided at the connection between the support column and the pressure plate.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the flexible welding fixture and control method for multiple products of engineering machinery of the present invention, the positioning welding assembly further includes a threaded rod, the end of the abutment is provided with a threaded rod, a rotating plate is sleeved on the outside of the fixing tube, a cross slider is provided inside the rotating plate, and a connecting column is inserted into the inside of the cross slider.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the flexible welding fixture and control method for multi-product engineering machinery of the present invention, wherein: the outer surface of the fixed tube penetrates the surface of the sliding plate one; the welding head is disposed on the outer wall of the connecting column; a positioning groove is provided on the outer wall of the clamping plate; a pressure spring is provided between the connecting column and the cross slider; a sliding groove is provided on the surface of the rotating plate; the cross slider is disposed inside the sliding groove; a guide assembly is provided on the outside of the fixed tube; the guide assembly includes a fixed seat; a fixed seat is sleeved on the outside of the fixed tube; a limit groove is provided inside the fixed seat; a slot is provided inside the fixed seat; a guide groove one is provided on the inner wall of the slot; a guide groove two is provided on the side wall of the slot; a guide plate is provided inside the fixed seat; a stop bar is provided on the surface of the guide plate; a fixed bar is provided at the end of the stop bar; and an arc-shaped guide block is provided inside the first guide groove.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the flexible welding fixture and control method for multi-product engineering machinery of the present invention, the fixing rod is L-shaped, and the end of the fixing rod is disposed on the outer wall of the support plate. The end of the connecting column is arc-shaped and extends into the interior of the limiting groove. The end of the arc-shaped guide block is disposed on the outer wall of the connecting column. A transmission assembly is provided at the connection between the threaded rod and the rotating plate. The transmission assembly includes a bearing one. The bearing one is sleeved on the outside of the fixing tube. A rotating ring is sleeved on the outside of the bearing one. A toothed ring is provided on the inner wall of the rotating ring. A rotating groove is opened on the outer wall of the fixing tube. A transition gear is disposed inside the rotating groove. A bearing two is disposed on the inner wall of the fixing tube. An inner rotating cylinder is disposed on the inner wall of the bearing two. A protrusion is disposed inside the inner rotating cylinder. A drive gear is disposed at the end of the inner rotating cylinder.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the flexible welding fixture and control method for multiple products of engineering machinery of the present invention, wherein: the bottom of the rotating ring is disposed on the outer wall of the rotating plate, the transition gear is disposed between the gear ring and the drive gear, the threaded bar is disposed inside the inner rotating cylinder, and the inner rotating cylinder is disposed inside the fixed tube.

[0020] This invention also provides the following technical solution: a control method, including a flexible welding fixture for multiple products in engineering machinery, and...

[0021] S1 Workpiece clamping: Place the arc-shaped back plate or flat back plate to be welded and the ear plate on the worktable of the support frame. Start the electric telescopic rod. The electric telescopic rod pushes the sliding plate three to slide downward. The return spring two drives the sliding plate two to move downward. The sliding plate two pushes the "n"-shaped sliding frame to compress the return spring one and drives the sliding plate one to move downward synchronously. The downward movement of the sliding plate drives the fixing tube to make the clamping plate fit with the ear plate and position and press it. At the same time, it drives the fixing plate and the support column to make the pressure plate rotate and fit with the back plate, thus completing the workpiece clamping and fixing.

[0022] S2 Arc Back Plate Welding Adaptation: When the workpiece is an arc back plate, the sliding frame has no displacement relative to the sliding plate one, the fixed rod maintains its initial position, the abutment rod presses against the guide plate, and the guide groove one and guide groove two remain in a connected state; the sliding plate three continues to move down, driving the abutment rod and threaded rod to extend into the inner rotating cylinder, driving the inner rotating cylinder and driving the gear to rotate through the protrusion, and through the transition gear and gear ring transmission, the rotating ring and rotating plate drive the welding head to revolve, the top of the connecting column slides along the limiting groove, and the arc guide block moves along the connected guide groove to complete the continuous arc weld without dead angles;

[0023] S3 Flat Backplate Welding Adaptor: When the workpiece is a flat backplate, the sliding frame slides downward relative to the sliding plate, causing the support plate and fixed rod to move downward. The downward movement of the abutment rod causes the guide plate to rotate clockwise under the action of the torsion spring, keeping the guide groove connected. The threaded rod continuously drives the transmission assembly to rotate, causing the welding head to revolve. The arc-shaped guide block slides horizontally in a ring along the guide groove, and the welding head moves along the horizontal weld seam trajectory of the flat backplate to complete the planar weld seam welding operation.

[0024] S4 Welding Completed Reset: After the workpiece welding is completed, control the electric telescopic rod to retract, reset spring one pushes the sliding frame to move upward, reset spring two pushes sliding plate three and sliding plate two to reset, clamping plate and pressure plate are lifted synchronously, release the workpiece, and remove the finished workpiece;

[0025] S5 Cyclic Operation: Repeat steps S1 to S4 above to continuously adapt to two types of bucket ear assembly workpieces, namely curved back plate and flat back plate, to achieve flexible welding operation of multiple products without changing fixtures.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the flexible welding fixture and control method for multiple products in engineering machinery of the present invention are as follows: Through the coordinated design of the support component, clamping component and positioning welding component, the present invention achieves flexible adaptation of two types of bucket ear assembly workpieces, namely arc-shaped back plate and flat back plate. Welding of multiple products can be completed without changing the fixture, which greatly shortens the changeover time, reduces the fixture investment cost, and significantly improves the production versatility of welded parts in engineering machinery. Compared with the traditional welding robot operation method of using multiple fixtures, it greatly reduces the equipment investment cost.

[0027] The pressure plate and clamping plate can simultaneously position and clamp the back plate and ear plate, making the clamping process quick and convenient with high positioning accuracy. This effectively avoids problems such as workpiece displacement, weld deformation, and internal stress arching during welding, ensuring uniform welds without breaks and stable forming quality. It also improves the consistency and pass rate of product welding. Relying on the precise cooperation of the transmission and guide components, the welding head can automatically revolve along the arc or plane weld trajectory, completing continuous welding without dead angles without manual intervention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flexible welding fixture and hanging ear plate for multiple products in engineering machinery;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A bottom view;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the support plate and the pressure plate in a flexible welding fixture for multiple products in engineering machinery.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the fixed tube, guide assembly, and transmission assembly in a multi-product flexible welding fixture for engineering machinery.

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the clamping plate and the stop bar in a flexible welding fixture for multiple products in engineering machinery.

[0035] Figure 7 An exploded view of the transmission components in a multi-product flexible welding fixture for engineering machinery;

[0036] Figure 8 A 3D view of the guide component in a flexible welding fixture for multiple products in engineering machinery;

[0037] Figure 9 A longitudinal half-section view of the guide component in a flexible welding fixture for multiple products in engineering machinery;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the overall structure of a flexible welding fixture for multiple products in engineering machinery and a universal welding connection base.

[0039] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Support frame; 21. Support assembly; 211. Sliding plate one; 212. Sliding frame; 213. Return spring one; 214. Sliding plate two; 215. Return spring two; 216. Sliding plate three; 217. Electric telescopic rod; 22. Clamping assembly; 221. Support plate; 222. Fixing plate; 223. Support column; 224. Pressure plate; 23. Positioning welding assembly; 231. Support rod; 232. Threaded rod; 233. Fixing tube; 234. Rotating plate; 235. Cross slider; 236. 237. Connecting column; 238. Clamping plate; 24. Welding head; 25. Guide assembly; 241. Fixing seat; 242. Limiting groove; 243. Slot; 244. Guide groove one; 245. Guide groove two; 246. Guide plate; 247. Fixing rod; 248. Abutment rod; 249. Arc-shaped guide block; 25. Transmission assembly; 251. Bearing one; 252. Rotating ring; 253. Gear ring; 254. Rotating groove; 255. Transition gear; 256. Bearing two; 257. Protrusion; 258. Inner rotating cylinder; 259. Drive gear. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0042] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0043] Example 1, referring to Figures 1 to 10 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a flexible welding fixture for multiple products of engineering machinery, including a support frame 1;

[0044] Specifically, the conversion welding device set inside the support frame 1 includes a support component 21 set inside the support frame 1, a clamping component 22 set at the output end of the support component 21, and a positioning welding component 23 set on the support component 21.

[0045] Furthermore, the support frame 1 consists of four uprights connected to a support base and a top plate at both ends of the uprights. The support assembly 21 is installed between the support base and the top plate through the uprights. The support assembly 21 is used to provide longitudinal support for the clamping assembly 22 and the positioning welding assembly 23. There are four clamping assemblies 22, which are arranged in pairs and mirror-symmetrically with the ear plate as the center. There are two positioning welding assemblies 23, which are used to weld the two ear plates simultaneously.

[0046] Specifically, the support assembly 21 includes a sliding plate 211 disposed on the outer wall of the support frame 1, a sliding frame 212 penetrating the outer wall of the sliding plate 211, and a sliding plate 216 disposed on the outer wall of the support frame 1.

[0047] Furthermore, elongated holes are provided at the four corners of the surfaces of sliding plate 3 216 and sliding plate 1 211, and are slidably connected to the upright of support frame 1. The two ends of sliding frame 212 pass through sliding plate 1 211 and slide longitudinally.

[0048] Specifically, the clamping assembly 22 includes a support plate 221 disposed on the outer wall of the sliding frame 212 and a pressure plate 224 disposed at the end of the support plate 221;

[0049] Furthermore, the top end of the support plate 221 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding frame 212, and the pressure plate 224 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the support plate 221.

[0050] Specifically, the positioning welding assembly 23 includes a stop rod 231 disposed on the outer wall of the sliding plate 216, a fixing tube 233 sleeved on the outside of the stop rod 231, a clamping plate 237 disposed at the end of the fixing tube 233, and a welding head 238 disposed on the outside of the clamping plate 237.

[0051] Furthermore, the top end of the abutment 231 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding plate 216, the fixing tube 233 is sleeved on the outer surface of the abutment 231, the upper surface of the clamping plate 237 is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing tube 233, and the welding head 238 is installed on the outside of the clamping plate 237 and is perpendicularly corresponding to the connection between the ear plate and the back plate.

[0052] Specifically, the support assembly 21 also includes a return spring 213, a return spring 213 is provided between the sliding frame 212 and the sliding plate 211, a sliding plate 214 is provided between the sliding plate 216 and the sliding frame 212, a return spring 215 is provided between the sliding plate 216 and the sliding plate 214, and an electric telescopic rod 217 is provided on the outer wall of the support frame 1.

[0053] Furthermore, there are two return springs 213, and the two ends of the two return springs 213 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the sliding frame 212 and the sliding plate 211. The sliding plate 214 is longitudinally slidably connected to the outside of the upright of the support frame 1, and the sliding plate 214 is located between the sliding plate 216 and the sliding frame 212. The lower surface of the sliding plate 214 is in contact with the upper surface of the sliding frame 212. There are two return springs 215, and the two ends of the return springs 215 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the sliding frame 212 and the sliding plate 211. The sliding plate 216 and the sliding plate 214 are fixedly connected to each other. An electric telescopic rod 217 is fixedly installed at the center of the surface of the top plate of the support frame 1. The spring constant of the return spring 215 is 2000 N / m and the spring constant of the return spring 113 is 800 N / m. The purpose is that after the back plate is clamped in place, the sliding plate 216 will slide relative to the sliding plate 214 to carry out the subsequent circumferential welding operation, so as to ensure that the back plate and the ear plate are positioned before welding.

[0054] Specifically, the end of the electric telescopic rod 217 is located on the outer wall of the sliding plate 216, and the sliding frame 212 is "n" shaped;

[0055] Furthermore, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 217 passes through the top plate of the support frame 1 and is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the sliding plate 216. The sliding frame 212 is "n" shaped, and both ends of the sliding frame 212 are provided with limit blocks. The upper surface of the limit blocks is attached to the lower surface of the sliding plate 211.

[0056] Specifically, the clamping assembly 22 also includes a fixing plate 222, the outer wall of the sliding plate 211 is provided with the fixing plate 222, and the outer wall of the fixing plate 222 is provided with a support column 223;

[0057] Furthermore, the surface of the fixing plate 222 near the support plate 221 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the sliding plate 211. Each sliding plate 211 has a fixing plate 222 fixedly connected to both sides. The lower surface of the fixing plate 222 is fixedly connected to the support column 223.

[0058] Specifically, a rotating pin is provided at the connection between the support plate 221 and the pressure plate 224, and a rotating pin is provided at the connection between the support column 223 and the pressure plate 224;

[0059] Furthermore, the support plate 221 is rotatably connected to the side of the pressure plate 224 by a rotating pin, and the support column 223 is rotatably connected to the side of the pressure plate 224 by a rotating pin. In the initial state, the angle of the pressure plate 224 located on both sides of the support plate 221 matches that of the arc-shaped back plate.

[0060] Specifically, the positioning welding assembly 23 also includes a threaded rod 232, the end of the abutment 231 is provided with a threaded rod 232, the outside of the fixing tube 233 is fitted with a rotating plate 234, the inside of the rotating plate 234 is provided with a cross slider 235, and the inside of the cross slider 235 is inserted with a connecting post 236.

[0061] Furthermore, the top end of the threaded rod 232 is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod 231, the rotating plate 234 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed tube 233, and the inside of the rotating plate 234 is laterally slidably connected to the cross slider 235. The surface of the cross slider 235 is provided with a square groove, and the connecting column 236 is longitudinally slidably connected inside the square groove.

[0062] Specifically, the outside of the fixed tube 233 penetrates the surface of the sliding plate 211, the welding head 238 is set on the outer wall of the connecting column 236, the outer wall of the clamping plate 237 is provided with a positioning groove, a pressure spring is provided between the connecting column 236 and the cross slider 235, the surface of the rotating plate 234 is provided with a sliding groove, the cross slider 235 is set inside the sliding groove, the outside of the fixed tube 233 is provided with a guide assembly 24, the guide assembly 24 includes a fixed seat 241, the fixed tube 233 is sleeved with the fixed seat 241, the fixed seat 241 is provided with a limit groove 242 inside, the fixed seat 241 is provided with a slot 243 inside, the inner wall of the slot 243 is provided with a guide groove 244, the side wall of the slot 243 is provided with a guide groove 245, the inside of the fixed seat 241 is provided with a guide plate 246, the surface of the guide plate 246 is provided with a stop bar 248, the end of the stop bar 248 is provided with a fixed bar 247, and the inside of the guide groove 244 is provided with an arc-shaped guide block 249.

[0063] Furthermore, the fixing tube 233 passes through the sliding plate 211 and is fixedly connected inside the sliding plate 211. The top end of the fixing tube 233 extends to the upper surface of the sliding plate 211. The lower surface of the clamping plate 237 is provided with a positioning groove that matches the ear plate, and a rubber plate is fixedly connected inside the positioning groove. The outer surface of the connecting column 236 is fixedly connected with a side plate. The opposite surfaces of the wiping plate and the cross slider 235 are fixedly connected with a pressure spring. The surface of the rotating plate 234 is provided with a sliding groove that slides with the cross slider 235.

[0064] A guide assembly 24 is installed on the outside of the fixed tube 233. A through hole is opened at the center of the fixed seat 241, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed tube 233. A limiting groove 242 matching the welding axial trajectory is opened at the top of the fixed seat 241. A slot 243 for the movement of the connecting column 236 is opened inside the fixed seat 241. A guide groove 244 matching the longitudinal welding trajectory of the flat back plate is opened on the inner wall of the slot 243. A guide groove 245 communicating with the guide groove 244 and matching the longitudinal welding trajectory of the arc-shaped back plate and the ear plate is opened on both sides of the slot 243. The fixed seat 241 is rotated by a torsion spring. The moving connection has two guide plates 246, which are located at the entrances of two guide grooves 245 respectively. Under normal conditions, the guide plates 246 rotate clockwise due to the elasticity of the torsion spring. At this time, the upper surface of the guide plate 246 is flush with the bottom wall of the guide groove 244. The lower surface of the guide plate 246 abuts against a stop bar 248. A fixing bar 247 is fixedly connected to the end face of the stop bar 248 away from the guide plate 246. The lower surface of the fixing seat 241 has an opening for the longitudinal sliding of the stop bar 248. The arc-shaped guide block 249 is slidably connected inside the guide groove 244, and the arc-shaped end face of the arc-shaped guide block 249 is located inside the guide groove 244.

[0065] Specifically, the fixing rod 247 is L-shaped, with its end set on the outer wall of the support plate 221. The end of the connecting column 236 is arc-shaped and extends into the interior of the limiting groove 242. The end of the arc-shaped guide block 249 is set on the outer wall of the connecting column 236. A transmission assembly 25 is provided at the connection between the threaded rod 232 and the rotating plate 234. The transmission assembly 25 includes a bearing 251, and the fixing tube 233 is sleeved with a bearing. Bearing 251 is fitted with a rotating ring 252 on its outer side. The inner wall of the rotating ring 252 is provided with a toothed ring 253. The outer wall of the fixed tube 233 is provided with a rotating groove 254. The inside of the rotating groove 254 is provided with a transition gear 255. The inner wall of the fixed tube 233 is provided with a bearing 256. The inner wall of the bearing 256 is provided with an inner rotating cylinder 258. The inside of the inner rotating cylinder 258 is provided with a protrusion 257. The end of the inner rotating cylinder 258 is provided with a drive gear 259.

[0066] Furthermore, the end of the fixing rod 247 away from the fixing seat 241 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the support plate 221, the top of the connecting column 236 is arc-shaped, the arc-shaped end of the connecting column 236 extends into the interior of the limiting groove 242, and the end of the arc-shaped guide block 249 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting column 236.

[0067] A transmission assembly 25 is installed at the connection between the threaded rod 232 and the rotating plate 234. The inner wall of bearing 1 251 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed tube 233. The rotating ring 252 is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of bearing 1 251. The toothed ring 253 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 252 and located below bearing 1 251. The rotating groove 254 is opened on the outer surface of the fixed tube 233 and located inside the rotating ring 252. The rotating groove 254 is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotating groove 254. Bearing 22 256 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube 233. The inner wall of bearing 22 256 is fixedly connected to the inner rotating cylinder 258. The inner wall of the inner rotating cylinder 258 is fixedly connected to a protrusion 257 that matches the thread of the threaded rod 232. The connection between the protrusion 257 and the threaded rod 232 is coated with grease. The end of the inner rotating cylinder 258 is fixedly connected to a drive gear 259.

[0068] Specifically, the bottom of the rotating ring 252 is located on the outer wall of the rotating plate 234, the transition gear 255 is located between the gear ring 253 and the drive gear 259, the threaded rod 232 is located inside the inner rotating cylinder 258, and the inner rotating cylinder 258 is located inside the fixed tube 233.

[0069] Furthermore, the lower surface of the rotating ring 252 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating plate 234. The transition gear 255, the toothed ring 253, and the drive gear 259 are meshed and connected in pairs. A positioning plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding plate 214. The positioning plate is used to control the compression limit of the return spring 215. When the sliding plate 216 is connected to the positioning plate, the inner rotating cylinder 258 and the drive gear 259 are driven to rotate through the cooperation of the threaded rod 232 and the protrusion 257. Through the meshing transmission of the drive gear 259, the toothed ring 253, and the drive gear 259, the rotating plate 234 drives the connecting column 236 and the welding head 238 to rotate one full turn, realizing the weld without dead angle at the connection between the ear plate and the back plate.

[0070] This embodiment provides a control method, including the engineering machinery multi-product flexible welding fixture in the above embodiment, which includes:

[0071] S1 Workpiece clamping: Place the arc-shaped back plate or flat back plate to be welded and the ear plate on the worktable of the support frame 1. Start the electric telescopic rod 217. The electric telescopic rod 217 pushes the sliding plate 3 216 to slide downward. The return spring 215 drives the sliding plate 214 to move downward. The sliding plate 214 pushes the "n"-shaped sliding frame 212 to compress the return spring 1 213 and drives the sliding plate 1 211 to move downward synchronously. The downward movement of the sliding plate 1 211 drives the fixing tube 233 to make the clamping plate 237 fit with the ear plate for positioning and pressing. At the same time, it drives the fixing plate 222 and the support column 223 to make the pressure plate 224 rotate to fit with the back plate, thus completing the workpiece clamping and fixing.

[0072] S2 Arc Back Plate Welding Adaptation: When the workpiece is an arc back plate, the sliding frame 212 has no displacement relative to the sliding plate 211, the fixed rod 247 maintains its initial position, the abutment rod 248 abuts against the guide plate 246, and the guide groove 244 and the guide groove 245 remain in communication. The sliding plate 216 continues to move downward, driving the abutment rod 231 and the threaded rod 232 to extend into the inner rotating cylinder 258. The inner rotating cylinder 258 and the drive gear 259 are driven to rotate through the protrusion 257. Through the transmission of the transition gear 255 and the gear ring 253, the rotating ring 252 and the rotating plate 234 drive the welding head 238 to revolve. The top of the connecting column 236 slides along the limiting groove 242, and the arc guide block 249 moves along the connecting guide groove to complete the continuous arc weld without dead angles.

[0073] S3 Flat Backplate Welding Adaptor: When the workpiece is a flat backplate, the sliding frame 212 slides downward relative to the sliding plate 211, causing the support plate 221 and the fixing rod 247 to move downward. The abutment rod 248 moves downward, causing the guide plate 246 to rotate clockwise under the action of the torsion spring, keeping the guide groove 244 connected. The threaded rod 232 continuously drives the transmission component 25 to rotate, causing the welding head 238 to revolve. The arc-shaped guide block 249 slides horizontally in a ring along the guide groove 244. The welding head 238 moves along the horizontal weld seam trajectory of the flat backplate, completing the planar weld seam welding operation.

[0074] S4 Welding Completed Reset: After the workpiece welding is completed, control the electric telescopic rod 217 to retract, the reset spring 1 213 pushes the sliding frame 212 to move upward, the reset spring 215 pushes the sliding plate 3 216 and the sliding plate 214 to reset, the clamping plate 237 and the pressure plate 224 are lifted simultaneously, the workpiece is released, and the finished workpiece is removed.

[0075] S5 Cyclic Operation: Repeat steps S1 to S4 above to continuously adapt to two types of bucket ear assembly workpieces, namely curved back plate and flat back plate, to achieve flexible welding operation of multiple products without changing fixtures.

[0076] During use, support frame 1 provides stable support for the entire machine. The back plate and ear plate to be welded are placed on the workbench of support frame 1. The electric telescopic rod 217 is activated, which pushes sliding plate 3 216 downward. Sliding plate 3 216 moves downward through return spring 215 and drives sliding plate 214 to move downward. Sliding plate 214 contacts and pushes sliding frame 212 downward. Sliding frame 212 compresses return spring 1 213 and drives sliding plate 1 211 to move downward synchronously. During the downward movement of sliding plate 1 211, it also drives fixed tube 233 to move downward. 33 pushes the clamping plate 237 to fit against the ear plate surface, realizing the positioning and clamping of the ear plate; on the other hand, it drives the fixing plate 222 to move down, and the fixing plate 222 drives the pressure plate 224 to rotate through the support column 223, so that the pressure plate 224 fits against the back plate surface, completing the clamping and fixing of the back plate. It can quickly adapt to two types of workpieces, arc-shaped back plates and flat back plates, with firm clamping and convenient operation, reducing manual adjustment time and reducing displacement deviation during workpiece welding. Secondly, by setting positioning structures on both sides of the weld, it also avoids the drawbacks of the back plate surface arching and deformation caused by the internal stress generated at the weld during continuous welding.

[0077] When the workpiece is an arc-shaped back plate, the sliding frame 212 has no displacement relative to the sliding plate 211, the fixed rod 247 maintains its initial position, the abutment rod 248 abuts against the guide plate 246, the guide groove 244 and the guide groove 245 remain connected, the sliding plate 216 continues to move downward, driving the abutment rod 231 and the threaded rod 232 to move downward. The threaded rod 232 extends into the inner rotating cylinder 258 and cooperates with the protrusion 257 on the inner wall of the inner rotating cylinder 258, driving the inner rotating cylinder 258 to rotate. The inner rotating cylinder 258 drives the drive gear 259 to rotate. The drive gear 259 meshes with the transmission gear ring 253 through the transition gear 255. The gear ring 253 drives the rotating ring 252 to rotate synchronously with the rotating plate 234. The rotating plate 234 drives the ten The slider 235 and the connecting column 236 revolve around the fixed tube 233. The connecting column 236 drives the welding head 238 to rotate synchronously. The top of the connecting column 236 slides along the limiting groove 242. The arc-shaped guide block 249 moves along the connected guide groove 1 244 and guide groove 245, so that the welding head 238 moves along the inclined weld seam trajectory of the arc-shaped back plate and ear plate, completing the continuous welding of the arc-shaped weld seam. The welding trajectory fits the contour of the arc-shaped back plate. Through the guiding action of the guide groove 1 244, guide groove 245 and arc-shaped guide block 249, and with the transmission component 25, the welding head 238 is driven to revolve precisely. The weld seam is uniform and without breaks, and the welding quality is stable. At the same time, the welding of arc-shaped workpieces can be completed without changing the fixture, which has strong adaptability.

[0078] When the workpiece is a flat back plate, the sliding frame 212 slides downward relative to the sliding plate 211. The sliding frame 212 drives the support plate 221 and the fixed rod 247 to move downward. The fixed rod 247 drives the abutment rod 248 to move downward. After the guide plate 246 loses the support of the abutment rod 248, it rotates clockwise under the action of the torsion spring, keeping the guide groove 244 connected. The threaded rod 232 continues to drive the inner rotating cylinder 258 to rotate. The transmission assembly 25 drives the rotating plate 234, the connecting column 236 and the welding head 238 to revolve. At this time, the arc-shaped guide block 249 can only slide horizontally in an annular motion along the guide groove 244. The welding head 238 moves along the horizontal weld seam trajectory of the flat back plate and the ear plate to complete the welding operation of the planar weld seam. After the welding is completed, the electric telescopic rod... 217 retracts, and the return spring 1 213 pushes the sliding frame 212 upward. The return spring 215 pushes the sliding plate 3 216 and the sliding plate 214 to reset. The clamping plate 237 and the pressure plate 224 are lifted synchronously, releasing the workpiece and completing one work cycle. It can be adapted to repeated operations of two specifications of engineering machinery welding parts. The welding head 238 moves at a constant speed along the horizontal trajectory. The guide plate 246 automatically switches the guide path under the action of the torsion spring, keeping only the guide groove 1 244 connected, which is suitable for welding requirements of flat plate back plates. The entire fixture achieves flexible welding of multiple products through the coordinated work of the support component 21, the clamping component 22 and the positioning welding component 23, which greatly reduces the fixture replacement cost and improves the production efficiency and versatility of engineering machinery welding parts.

[0079] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engineered construction machine multi-product flexible welding fixture, characterized by: Including the support frame (1); and, The conversion welding device disposed inside the support frame (1) includes a support assembly (21) disposed inside the support frame (1), a clamping assembly (22) disposed at the output end of the support assembly (21), and a positioning welding assembly (23) disposed on the support assembly (21); wherein, The support assembly (21) includes a sliding plate one (211) disposed on the outer wall of the support frame (1), a sliding frame (212) penetrating the outer wall of the sliding plate one (211), and a sliding plate three (216) disposed on the outer wall of the support frame (1); and, The clamping assembly (22) includes a support plate (221) disposed on the outer wall of the sliding frame (212) and a pressure plate (224) disposed at the end of the support plate (221); and, The positioning welding assembly (23) includes a stop rod (231) disposed on the outer wall of the sliding plate three (216), a fixing tube (233) sleeved on the outside of the stop rod (231), a clamping plate (237) disposed at the end of the fixing tube (233), and a welding head (238) disposed on the outside of the clamping plate (237).

2. The flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (21) further includes a first return spring (213), a first return spring (213) is provided between the sliding frame (212) and the first sliding plate (211), a second sliding plate (214) is provided between the third sliding plate (216) and the sliding frame (212), a second return spring (215) is provided between the third sliding plate (216) and the second sliding plate (214), and an electric telescopic rod (217) is provided on the outer wall of the support frame (1).

3. The flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the electric telescopic rod (217) is located on the outer wall of the sliding plate three (216), and the sliding frame (212) is "n" shaped.

4. The flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (22) further includes a fixing plate (222), the outer wall of the sliding plate (211) is provided with the fixing plate (222), and the outer wall of the fixing plate (222) is provided with a support column (223).

5. The flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating pin is provided at the connection between the support plate (221) and the pressure plate (224), and a rotating pin is provided at the connection between the support column (223) and the pressure plate (224).

6. The flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning welding assembly (23) also includes a threaded rod (232), the end of the abutment (231) is provided with a threaded rod (232), the outside of the fixed tube (233) is fitted with a rotating plate (234), the inside of the rotating plate (234) is provided with a cross slider (235), and the inside of the cross slider (235) is inserted with a connecting post (236).

7. The flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed tube (233) extends through the surface of the sliding plate (211). The welding head (238) is located on the outer wall of the connecting column (236). The outer wall of the clamping plate (237) has a positioning groove. A pressure spring is provided between the connecting column (236) and the cross slider (235). The surface of the rotating plate (234) has a sliding groove. The cross slider (235) is located inside the sliding groove. A guide assembly (24) is provided on the outside of the fixed tube (233). The guide assembly (24) includes a fixing seat (241). The fixing seat is sleeved on the outside of the fixed tube (233). (241) A limiting groove (242) is provided inside the fixed base (241). A slot (243) is provided inside the fixed base (241). A guide groove (244) is provided on the inner wall of the slot (243). A guide groove (245) is provided on the side wall of the slot (243). A guide plate (246) is provided inside the fixed base (241). A stop bar (248) is provided on the surface of the guide plate (246). A fixing bar (247) is provided at the end of the stop bar (248). An arc-shaped guide block (249) is provided inside the guide groove (244).

8. The flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing rod (247) is L-shaped, and its end is located on the outer wall of the support plate (221). The end of the connecting column (236) is arc-shaped and extends into the interior of the limiting groove (242). The end of the arc-shaped guide block (249) is located on the outer wall of the connecting column (236). A transmission assembly (25) is provided at the connection between the threaded rod (232) and the rotating plate (234). The transmission assembly (25) includes a bearing (251). The bearing (251) is sleeved on the outside of the fixing tube (233). The bearing 1 (251) is fitted with a rotating ring (252) on its outer side. The inner wall of the rotating ring (252) is provided with a toothed ring (253). The outer wall of the fixed tube (233) is provided with a rotating groove (254). The interior of the rotating groove (254) is provided with a transition gear (255). The inner wall of the fixed tube (233) is provided with a bearing 2 (256). The inner wall of the bearing 2 (256) is provided with an inner rotating cylinder (258). The interior of the inner rotating cylinder (258) is provided with a protrusion (257). The end of the inner rotating cylinder (258) is provided with a drive gear (259).

9. The flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the rotating ring (252) is located on the outer wall of the rotating plate (234), the transition gear (255) is located between the gear ring (253) and the drive gear (259), the threaded rod (232) is located inside the inner rotating cylinder (258), and the inner rotating cylinder (258) is located inside the fixed tube (233).

10. A control method, characterized in that: Including the flexible welding fixture for multiple engineering machinery products as described in claim 9, and, S1 Workpiece clamping: Place the arc-shaped back plate or flat back plate to be welded and the ear plate on the worktable of the support frame (1), start the electric telescopic rod (217), the electric telescopic rod (217) pushes the sliding plate three (216) to slide down, and through the reset spring two (215) drives the sliding plate two (214) to move down, the sliding plate two (214) pushes the "n"-shaped sliding frame (212) to compress the reset spring one (213) and drive the sliding plate one (211) to move down synchronously; the sliding plate one (211) moves down and drives the fixed tube (233) to make the clamping plate (237) fit against the ear plate for positioning and pressing, and at the same time drives the fixed plate (222) and the support column (223) to make the pressure plate (224) rotate to fit against the back plate, thus completing the workpiece clamping and fixing; S2 Arc Back Plate Welding Adaptation: When the workpiece is an arc back plate, the sliding frame (212) has no displacement relative to the sliding plate one (211), the fixed rod (247) maintains the initial position, the abutment rod (248) abuts against the guide plate (246), and the guide groove one (244) and the guide groove two (245) remain in a connected state; the sliding plate three (216) continues to move down, driving the abutment rod (231) and the threaded rod (232) to extend into the inner rotating cylinder (258), and driving the inner rotating cylinder (258) and the drive gear (259) to rotate through the protrusion (257), and through the transmission of the transition gear (255) and the gear ring (253), the rotating ring (252) and the rotating plate (234) drive the welding head (238) to revolve, the top of the connecting column (236) slides along the limiting groove (242), and the arc guide block (249) moves along the connecting guide groove to complete the continuous welding of the arc weld without dead angle; S3 Flat Backplate Welding Adaptor: When the workpiece is a flat backplate, the sliding frame (212) slides downward relative to the sliding plate (211), causing the support plate (221) and the fixed rod (247) to move downward. The abutment rod (248) moves downward, causing the guide plate (246) to rotate clockwise under the action of the torsion spring, keeping the guide groove (244) connected. The threaded rod (232) continuously drives the transmission component (25) to rotate, causing the welding head (238) to revolve. The arc-shaped guide block (249) slides horizontally along the guide groove (244), and the welding head (238) moves along the horizontal weld seam trajectory of the flat backplate to complete the planar weld seam welding operation. S4 Welding Completed Reset: After the workpiece welding is completed, control the electric telescopic rod (217) to retract, reset spring one (213) pushes the sliding frame (212) to move upward, reset spring two (215) pushes the sliding plate three (216) and sliding plate two (214) to reset, clamping plate (237) and pressure plate (224) are lifted synchronously, the workpiece is released, and the finished workpiece is removed; S5 Cyclic Operation: Repeat steps S1 to S4 above to continuously adapt to two types of bucket ear assembly workpieces, namely curved back plate and flat back plate, to achieve flexible welding operation of multiple products without changing fixtures.

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