An engine assembly line jacking rotation tool and PLC control method

Abstract

This invention discloses a lifting and rotating fixture and PLC control method for an engine assembly line, belonging to the technical field of engine assembly fixtures. The fixture includes a frame base, a support tray, a vertical fixed fixture, a return fixed fixture base, a lifting platform support plate, a square docking connecting plate, return pin holes, a fixture with pin positioning bolts, shock-absorbing pads, lifting positioning pin holes, a circulating pulley, a diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly, a lifting positioning platform, a rotary drive motor, a main transmission gear, a secondary transmission gear, a rotary secondary gear connecting plate, a rotating shaft, a heavy-duty self-aligning bearing, a guide shaft support plate, a vertical guide shaft, a guide shaft sleeve, a lifting cylinder, a rotating shaft connecting plate, a support plane, a fixture tray mechanism, and a lifting and rotating mechanism. This invention adopts a scheme combining mechanical structure and PLC automated control, improving assembly accuracy and operational safety, reducing manual labor, adapting to multiple workpiece specifications, ensuring stable equipment operation, long service life, and strong overall practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine assembly tooling technology, and in particular to a lifting and rotating tooling for an engine assembly line and a PLC control method. Background Technology

[0002] In the automated cyclic assembly production industry of engines, assembly line bearing fixtures with lifting and rotating functions have been widely used. Existing technologies disclose a large number of assembly line conveying, lifting, and rotating fixtures with similar structures. The basic mechanical composition of the industry is quite similar, and most of them only have basic functions such as pallet conveying, cylinder lifting, and motor rotation. The overall technical improvement is small, and only routine modifications are made to the appearance and installation position. There is a lack of systematic and process-oriented intelligent control design.

[0003] Based on actual field usage analysis, existing technology and traditional engine assembly line tooling have the following drawbacks: First, the lack of protective structures at workstation stops and the absence of professional impact buffering and shock absorption components mean that the inertia from the continuous power delivery of the assembly line cannot be effectively dissipated. The strong impact force from the rigid stop of the pallet easily leads to workpiece tilting and pallet displacement, making workshop production safety management difficult and lacking a standardized stopping control model. Second, the high degree of manual intervention throughout the process, from workstation blocking and limiting, workpiece rotation and face changing to subsequent workstation release, all rely on manual operation by on-site personnel. This not only results in low production efficiency but also inconsistent manual operation standards. Third, the rotary positioning structure design is outdated. The traditional cylindrical pin positioning method has a low fault tolerance rate and is difficult to align. After the hole is enlarged, the stability is extremely poor. The workpiece is in a shaking state when the assembly operation is completed, which easily leads to quality problems such as assembly misalignment and inadequate fastening, making it difficult to guarantee the product yield. Fourth, most of the existing similar equipment only focuses on the assembly of mechanical parts and does not combine the design of sequential and linkage PLC automatic control programs with the continuous production conditions of the assembly line. Each action is independent and cannot coordinate with each other, resulting in poor equipment operation continuity and the inability to achieve fully unmanned automatic operation. There is a lot of room for technological upgrading. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a lifting and rotating tooling and PLC control method for an engine assembly line, which solves the technical problems in the prior art, such as the lack of a stop protection structure for the engine assembly tooling, high degree of manual intervention and inconsistent operating standards, low fault tolerance of the positioning method and difficulty in alignment, and the lack of PLC automatic control program design that is combined with the continuous production conditions of the assembly line.

[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides a lifting and rotating fixture for an engine assembly line, comprising: a frame base, a lifting platform support plate fixedly connected above the frame base, a fixture pallet mechanism for adjusting the engine assembly position fixedly installed on the lifting platform support plate, a lifting and rotating mechanism for installing the engine fixedly installed above the fixture pallet mechanism, two symmetrically arranged shock-absorbing pads installed at the lower part of the lifting and rotating mechanism, and circulating pulleys installed at the four corners of the lower part of the lifting and rotating mechanism.

[0006] Optionally, the tooling pallet mechanism includes lifting cylinders fixedly installed below the lifting platform support plate, and four sets of lifting cylinders are centrally symmetrically distributed. A guide sleeve is fixedly installed above the lifting platform support plate. A vertical guide shaft is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder, and the vertical guide shaft is slidably sleeved in the guide sleeve. A guide shaft support plate is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical guide shaft. A rotary drive motor is fixedly installed on one side of the guide shaft support plate. A main drive gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary drive motor. A secondary drive gear is meshed on the main drive gear. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the secondary drive gear. A rotating secondary gear connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft. A lifting positioning platform is fixedly installed above the rotating secondary gear connecting plate.

[0007] Optionally, a heavy-duty self-aligning bearing is sleeved on the lower part of the rotating shaft, a rotating shaft connecting plate is bolted on the upper part of the guide shaft support plate, and four sets of support planes are installed on the lifting and positioning platform. Two sets of diamond-shaped positioning pin assemblies are fixedly connected to the support planes.

[0008] Optionally, the lifting and rotating mechanism includes a support tray that is inserted and installed on the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly. The support tray is provided with a plurality of lifting positioning pin holes that cooperate with the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly. One end of the support tray is fixedly connected to a return fixing fixture base by bolts. A vertical fixing fixture is fixedly installed on the return fixing fixture base. The vertical fixing fixture has return pin holes arranged opposite each other on its upper side. A square docking connecting plate is detachably installed on one side of the vertical fixing fixture. Pin-mounted positioning bolt fixtures distributed at the four corners are fixedly connected to the side of the square docking connecting plate.

[0009] Optionally, the rotating shaft is mounted through the center of the rotating shaft connecting plate, the heavy-duty self-aligning bearing is mounted between the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft connecting plate, and the rotating pair gear connecting plate is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft.

[0010] Optionally, the fixed ends of the four sets of lifting cylinders are fixedly supported on the frame base. The telescopic end of each set of lifting cylinders is rigidly connected to the bottom end of the corresponding vertical guide shaft. The vertical guide shaft and the guide shaft sleeve are in sliding fit with a gap. The four sets of vertical guide shafts rise and fall synchronously, driving the guide shaft support plate and the upper lifting and positioning platform to rise and fall vertically as a whole.

[0011] Optionally, the upper end of the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly is a truncated cone guide structure, and the truncated cone section is adapted to be inserted into the lifting positioning pin hole of the bearing tray to realize the circumferential limiting and centering positioning of the bearing tray. The return pin hole is used to connect with the assembly line positioning pin to realize the vertical fixed tooling alignment and locking. The pin-positioning bolt tooling is used to lock and fix the square docking connecting plate and the engine to be assembled.

[0012] On the other hand, this invention provides a PLC control method for a lifting and rotating fixture on an engine assembly line, comprising the following steps: a carrier pallet carrying engine workpieces is conveyed along the assembly line and, upon reaching the assembly station, is inertially buffered by shock-absorbing rubber pads to achieve a flexible stop without impact; a detection element collects the station arrival signal and uploads it to the PLC control system; the PLC control system responds to the received valid arrival detection signal, locks the assembly line conveying program, constrains the carrier pallet to stop at the assembly station, cancels manual limit operation, and enters a stable standby operation state; after receiving the operation start command, the PLC control system controls four sets of lifting cylinders to extend synchronously, and through the vertical guiding cooperation of the vertical guide shaft and the guide bushing, drives the lifting and positioning platform to lift smoothly, lifting the carrier pallet as a whole away from the assembly line conveying station; during the upward movement of the carrier pallet with the lifting and positioning platform, the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly automatically guides and engages with the lifting and positioning pin hole of the carrier pallet, achieving rigid positioning and locking of the carrier pallet and the lifting and positioning platform, eliminating subsequent rotation operations. To prevent potential work-off deviation, after mechanical positioning is completed, the PLC control system starts the rotary drive motor. Through the meshing of the main and auxiliary transmission gears, and with the stable support of the heavy-duty self-aligning bearing, the entire load-bearing pallet and engine workpiece are rotated in an oriented manner to adjust the workpiece assembly angle. The equipment's built-in angle sensor collects the rotational displacement signal in real time and feeds it back to the PLC control system. When the rotation angle reaches the preset assembly standard angle, the PLC control system immediately controls the rotary drive motor to stop, achieving precise angle locking and preventing autonomous rotation deviation. After the workpiece assembly process is completed, the PLC control system receives a reset command and controls the lifting cylinder to retract synchronously, driving the tooling pallet mechanism and the lifting and rotating mechanism to fall smoothly back, so that the load-bearing pallet is reset to the conveyor station on the production line. After the PLC control system detects and confirms that all mechanisms are fully reset, it unlocks the conveyor control program on the production line, releases the limit state of the shock-absorbing pads, and the production line resumes normal conveying, allowing the load-bearing pallet carrying the completed workpiece to automatically flow to the next assembly station, completing the closed loop of the entire automated operation.

[0013] Optionally, the PLC control method for the lifting and rotating tooling of the engine assembly line includes: the PLC control system is equipped with multiple types of sensing and detection components, and integrates signal linkage control logic adapted to the automated closed-loop control steps. The PLC control system collects the station position switch signal from the photoelectric position sensor, the lifting on / off signal from the mechanical stroke limit sensor, and the rotation angle pulse signal from the Hall angle sensor, respectively to realize the start / stop locking of the assembly line, the lifting stroke control of the lifting cylinder, and the angle speed adjustment and positioning of the rotary drive motor, thereby realizing the linkage matching of mechanical actions and electrical signals throughout the tooling process.

[0014] Optionally, the PLC control method for the lifting and rotating tooling of the engine assembly line further includes: the PLC control system has built-in multiple abnormal working condition judgment and intelligent protection self-locking programs. The PLC control system monitors and identifies abnormal working conditions such as workstation positioning timeout, lifting and lowering jamming overload, rotation positioning angle deviation, mechanism reset failure, and on-site physical emergency stop. When an abnormal working condition is triggered, the system automatically locks the equipment to perform the action, cuts off the power output, and performs corresponding angle fine adjustment, audible and visual warning or emergency stop and lock operation to ensure the operational stability and safety of the tooling automation operation.

[0015] This invention provides a lifting and rotating tooling and PLC control method for an engine assembly line. Through an integrated structural design combining the tooling structure and the PLC control system, it achieves intelligent, coordinated operation of the tooling, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-mechanical structure improvements. The symmetrically arranged shock-absorbing pads, combined with the fully automated operation process of the PLC control system, eliminate the risks of rigid pallet start / stop and workpiece slippage / tipping, reduce close-range manual intervention, standardize workstation processes, and improve production safety. The PLC control system automatically completes the entire process control of tooling station locking, lifting and alignment, rotation and face changing, and reset and release, replacing traditional manual limit switches. The manual angle adjustment operation reduces manual input and labor intensity, promoting the intelligent upgrade of the assembly line. The precise insertion and engagement structure of the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly with the lifting positioning pin hole of the support tray eliminates workpiece misalignment and vibration during assembly, standardizes assembly processes, and effectively ensures engine assembly accuracy and finished product quality. The detachable square docking plate structure on the side of the vertical fixed tooling, combined with multi-guide shaft balanced lifting and a rotary transmission layout using gears and heavy-duty self-aligning bearings, enables the assembly of multiple engine specifications, reduces production line modification investment, minimizes equipment malfunctions and wear, and improves equipment stability and service life. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lifting and rotating tooling for the engine assembly line of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A in the image; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a portion of the lifting and rotating tooling for the engine assembly line of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Sectional view along line AA in the middle; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the PLC control method for the lifting and rotating tooling of the engine assembly line according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure label: 1. Frame base; 2. Load-bearing pallet; 3. Vertical fixed fixture; 4. Return fixed fixture base; 5. Lifting platform support plate; 6. Square docking connection plate; 7. Return pin hole; 8. Fixture with pin positioning bolt; 9. Shock-absorbing rubber pad; 10. Lifting positioning pin hole; 11. Circulating pulley; 12. Diamond positioning pin assembly; 13. Lifting positioning platform; 14. Rotary drive motor; 15. Main drive gear; 16. Secondary drive gear; 17. Rotary secondary gear connecting plate; 18. Rotary shaft; 19. Heavy-duty self-aligning bearing; 20. Guide shaft support plate; 21. Vertical guide shaft; 22. Guide shaft sleeve; 23. Lifting cylinder; 24. Rotary shaft connecting plate; 25. Support plane; 30. Fixture pallet mechanism; 40. Lifting and rotating mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] As mentioned earlier, traditional engine assembly lines lack protective structures at tooling stations and have no professional impact buffering and shock absorption components. The inertia from the continuous power delivery of the assembly line cannot be effectively dissipated, and the impact force of the pallet's hard stop is strong, easily leading to problems such as workpiece tilting and pallet displacement. The entire process requires a high degree of manual intervention. From station blocking and limiting, workpiece rotation and face changing to later station release, everything is done manually by on-site operators. This not only results in low production efficiency and inconsistent manual operation standards, but also hinders the promotion of standardized production in modern intelligent assembly lines. The rotary positioning structure design is outdated, and the traditional cylindrical pin positioning method has low fault tolerance and is difficult to align. After the hole is enlarged, the stability is extremely poor. The workpiece is in a shaking state during the assembly operation, which easily leads to quality problems such as assembly misalignment and inadequate tightening, making it difficult to guarantee the product yield. Most existing similar equipment only focuses on the assembly of mechanical components and does not design sequential and linked PLC automatic control programs in combination with the continuous production conditions of the assembly line. The various actions are independent and cannot coordinate with each other, resulting in poor equipment operation continuity and the inability to achieve fully unmanned automatic operation. There is a lot of room for technological upgrades.

[0021] To address these issues, this invention provides a lifting and rotating tooling fixture and PLC control method for an engine assembly line. Through an integrated structural design combining the tooling structure and the PLC control system, intelligent and coordinated operation of the tooling is achieved, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-mechanical structure improvements. The symmetrically arranged shock-absorbing rubber pads, combined with the fully automated operation process of the PLC control system, eliminate the risks of pallet abrupt starts and stops, workpiece slippage and tipping, reduce close-range manual intervention, standardize workstation processes, and improve production safety. The PLC control system automatically controls the entire tooling process, replacing traditional manual limit and angle adjustments, reducing labor input, lowering work intensity, and promoting intelligent upgrades to the assembly line. The precise insertion and connection structure between the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly and the lifting positioning pin holes of the supporting pallet eliminates workpiece misalignment and vibration during assembly, standardizes assembly processes, and effectively ensures engine assembly accuracy and finished product quality. The detachable square docking plate structure on the side of the vertical fixed tooling allows for adaptation to the assembly of multiple engine specifications, reduces production line modification investment, minimizes equipment malfunctions and wear, and improves equipment stability and service life.

[0022] The following are a few Figures 1-5 This invention is described in detail.

[0023] First embodiment: like Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a lifting and rotating fixture for an engine assembly line, comprising: a frame base 1, a lifting platform support plate 5 fixedly connected above the frame base 1, a fixture pallet mechanism 30 for adjusting the engine assembly orientation fixedly installed on the lifting platform support plate 5, a lifting and rotating mechanism 40 for installing the engine fixedly installed above the fixture pallet mechanism 30, two symmetrically arranged shock-absorbing rubber pads 9 installed at the lower part of the lifting and rotating mechanism 40, and circulating pulleys 11 installed at the four corners of the lower part of the lifting and rotating mechanism 40.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the tooling relies on the circulating pulley 11 to realize the circulation and flow of the whole machine along the production line. Combined with the symmetrically arranged shock-absorbing rubber pads 9, it forms a flexible buffer structure at the workstation, which can effectively eliminate the inertial impact force of the production line and replace the rigid limiting structure of the traditional manual placement of blocking blocks. It avoids the safety hazards of workpiece tipping and pallet slippage from the root, and significantly improves the stability and standardization of workstation parking.

[0025] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the tooling pallet mechanism 30 includes lifting cylinders 23 fixedly installed below the lifting platform support plate 5, and four sets of lifting cylinders 23 are centrally symmetrically distributed. A guide sleeve 22 is fixedly installed above the lifting platform support plate 5. A vertical guide shaft 21 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 23, and the vertical guide shaft 21 is slidably sleeved in the guide sleeve 22. A guide shaft support plate 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical guide shaft 21. A rotary drive motor 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the guide shaft support plate 20. A main drive gear 15 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary drive motor 14. A secondary drive gear 16 is meshed on the main drive gear 15. A rotating shaft 18 is fixedly connected to the middle of the secondary drive gear 16. A rotating secondary gear connecting plate 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 18. A lifting positioning platform 13 is fixedly installed above the rotating secondary gear connecting plate 17.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, four sets of centrally symmetrically arranged lifting cylinders 23, together with multiple sets of vertical guide structures, form a four-way balanced lifting layout, which makes the tooling lifting process uniformly stressed and run smoothly, effectively avoiding the tilting, jamming, and other fault problems that are prone to occur in traditional lifting mechanisms, and can be adapted to the continuous mass production conditions of factories with large batches and no interruption for a long time.

[0027] like Figures 3-4 As shown, a heavy-duty self-aligning bearing 19 is sleeved on the lower part of the rotating shaft 18. A rotating shaft connecting plate 24 is bolted on the top of the guide shaft support plate 20. Four sets of support planes 25 are installed on the lifting and positioning platform 13. Two sets of diamond-shaped positioning pin assemblies 12 are fixedly connected to the support planes 25. The rotating shaft 18 is installed through and mounted in the center of the rotating shaft connecting plate 24. The heavy-duty self-aligning bearing 19 is mounted between the rotating shaft 18 and the rotating shaft connecting plate 24. The rotating auxiliary gear connecting plate 17 is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft 18.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, a combined rotary transmission structure with gear meshing and heavy-duty self-aligning bearing 19 is adopted. It has strong overall load-bearing capacity, low rotational friction resistance, and high coaxiality accuracy. It can meet the requirements of long-term high-frequency heavy-load rotary operation, greatly reduce equipment wear and failure probability, and effectively extend the service life of the whole machine.

[0029] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the fixed ends of the four sets of lifting cylinders 23 are fixedly supported on the frame base 1. The telescopic end of each set of lifting cylinders 23 is rigidly connected to the bottom end of the corresponding vertical guide shaft 21. The vertical guide shaft 21 and the guide shaft sleeve 22 are in a sliding fit with a clearance. The four sets of vertical guide shafts 21 rise and fall synchronously, driving the guide shaft support plate 20 and the upper lifting and positioning platform 13 to rise and fall vertically as a whole.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, the high-precision sliding limit cooperation between the vertical guide shaft 21 and the guide sleeve 22 strictly constrains the movement trajectory of the lifting mechanism, ensuring that the lifting action is vertical without deviation or shaking throughout the entire process, providing a reliable mechanical structure foundation for the subsequent precise positioning and smooth rotation of the workpiece for face changing.

[0031] like Figures 2-3 As shown, the lifting and rotating mechanism 40 includes a support tray 2 that is inserted and installed on the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly 12. The support tray 2 is provided with a plurality of lifting positioning pin holes 10 that cooperate with the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly 12. One end of the support tray 2 is fixedly connected to a return fixing fixture base 4 by bolts. A vertical fixing fixture 3 is fixedly installed on the return fixing fixture base 4. Return pin holes 7 are provided opposite each other on the top of the vertical fixing fixture 3. A square docking connecting plate 6 is detachably installed on one side of the vertical fixing fixture 3. Pin-mounted positioning bolt fixtures 8 are fixedly connected to the side of the square docking connecting plate 6 at the four corners.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, a quick-change assembly structure with a detachable square docking connection plate 6 is adopted. There is no need to completely disassemble or replace the main tooling structure. Only the square docking connection plate 6 of the corresponding specification needs to be replaced. It can quickly adapt to the assembly and production needs of different models and specifications of engine cylinder blocks. The model switching and debugging is convenient and efficient, effectively reducing the cost of production line transformation and equipment procurement for enterprises. The equipment has strong versatility and marketability.

[0033] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the upper end of the rhomboid positioning pin assembly 12 is a truncated cone guide structure. The truncated cone section is adapted to be inserted into the lifting positioning pin hole 10 of the bearing tray 2 to realize the circumferential limiting and centering positioning of the bearing tray 2. The return pin hole 7 is used to connect with the assembly line positioning pin to realize the vertical fixed tooling 3 alignment and locking. The pin positioning bolt tooling 8 is used to lock and fix the square docking connecting plate 6 and the engine to be assembled.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, unlike the traditional manual insertion and removal cylindrical pin positioning structure, the rhomboid positioning pin assembly 12 used in this embodiment of the invention has the advantages of automatic guidance, high fault tolerance, and zero positioning gap. It can automatically complete the pin hole alignment and locking during the lifting process, completely solving the defects of traditional structure such as difficult alignment, large hole sway after long-term use, and poor positioning accuracy. It effectively eliminates assembly deviations, unifies the assembly process standards of products in the same batch, and stabilizes the assembly quality of finished products.

[0035] Second embodiment: Based on the same general inventive concept, this invention also protects a PLC control method for a lifting and rotating tooling in an engine assembly line, such as... Figure 5 The process includes the following steps: S1. The pallet 2 carrying the engine workpiece moves along the production line. When it arrives at the assembly station, it is buffered by inertia with the shock-absorbing pads 9 to achieve a flexible stop without impact. The detection element collects the station arrival signal and uploads it to the PLC control system, which completely solves the problem of workpiece displacement and tipping caused by the hard stop of traditional tooling.

[0036] The S2 and PLC control systems respond to the received valid arrival detection signals, lock the conveyor operation program, constrain the carrier pallet 2 to stop at the assembly station, cancel manual limit operation, enter a stable standby operation state, standardize the station operation process, and reduce the intensity of manual labor.

[0037] S3. After receiving the operation start command, the PLC control system controls the four sets of lifting cylinders 23 to extend synchronously. Through the vertical guide shaft 21 and the guide sleeve 22, the lifting and positioning platform 13 is driven to lift smoothly, and the entire carrying pallet 2 is lifted away from the conveyor station of the production line. The entire lifting process is smooth without tilting or jamming.

[0038] S4. During the upward movement of the carrying pallet 2 along with the lifting and positioning platform 13, the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly 12 and the lifting and positioning pin hole 10 of the carrying pallet 2 are automatically aligned and engaged, so as to achieve rigid positioning and locking of the carrying pallet 2 and the lifting and positioning platform 13, and eliminate the potential for deviation during subsequent rotation operations.

[0039] S5. After mechanical positioning is completed, the PLC control system starts the rotary drive motor 14, which meshes with the main drive gear 15 and the auxiliary drive gear 16 for transmission. With the stable support of the heavy-duty self-aligning bearing 19, it drives the bearing tray 2 and the engine workpiece to rotate in an overall orientation, adjusts the workpiece assembly angle, and precisely adjusts it to the optimal angle for manual front assembly.

[0040] S6. The equipment's built-in angle sensor collects rotational displacement signals in real time and feeds them back to the PLC control system. When the rotation angle reaches the preset assembly standard angle, the PLC control system immediately controls the rotation drive motor 14 to stop, achieving precise angle locking and preventing autonomous rotation deviation.

[0041] S7. After the workpiece assembly process is completed, the PLC control system receives the reset command and controls the lifting cylinder 23 to retract synchronously, driving the tooling pallet mechanism 30 and the lifting and rotating mechanism 40 to fall back smoothly as a whole, so that the carrying pallet 2 is reset to the conveyor station on the production line.

[0042] After the S8 and PLC control systems detect and confirm that all mechanisms have been fully reset, they unlock the production line conveyor control program, release the limit status of the shock-absorbing pads 9, and the production line resumes normal conveying, allowing the carrying pallet 2 carrying the finished workpiece to automatically transfer to the next assembly station, completing the entire automated operation closed loop.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the above steps may include: the PLC control system is configured with multiple types of sensing and detection components, and integrates signal linkage control logic adapted to the automated closed-loop control steps. The PLC control system collects the station position switch signal from the photoelectric position sensor, the lifting on / off signal from the mechanical travel limit sensor, and the rotation angle pulse signal from the Hall angle sensor, respectively to realize the start / stop locking of the production line, the lifting stroke control of the lifting cylinder 23, and the angle speed adjustment and positioning of the rotary drive motor 14, thereby realizing the linkage matching of mechanical actions and electrical signals throughout the tooling process.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this invention differs from the traditional single mechanical motion control mode by incorporating multiple types of detection and sensing components to construct a hierarchical and matched electrical signal interaction and hardware linkage control system, achieving precise coordination between mechanical structure motion and electrical control signals. The tooling is equipped with three types of sensors: a diffuse reflection photoelectric position sensor for workstation detection, a mechanical travel limit sensor for lifting travel limit, and a magnetoelectric Hall angle sensor for angle detection. These three types of sensors respectively output NPN switching level signals, on / off switching signals, and angle pulse counting signals, forming a comprehensive signal acquisition system covering all working conditions.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific linkage logic of the detection sensing component is as follows: after the tooling workpiece is in place, the photoelectric position sensor outputs a valid high-level signal, and the PLC control system immediately locks the conveyor mechanism of the production line to prevent deviation during operation under load; after manual start of operation, the PLC control system drives the lifting cylinder to move through the solenoid valve control logic, and monitors the lifting stroke in real time with the stroke sensor to accurately control the lifting start and stop and limit stop; after the lifting and positioning is completed, the PLC control system drives the rotary motor to adjust the speed based on the reference zero signal and pulse counting signal of the Hall angle sensor, and accurately locks the rotation posture by comparing the real-time pulse value with the preset angle parameter; after the assembly operation is completed and the completion confirmation signal is received, the PLC control system drives the lifting mechanism to fall back and reset, and completes the stop reset after the lower limit signal is triggered, and finally outputs the release signal to unlock the production line, realizing the automated cyclic operation of the entire line.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, the above steps may include: the PLC control system has built-in multiple abnormal working condition judgment and intelligent protection self-locking programs. The PLC control system monitors and identifies abnormal working conditions such as workstation positioning timeout, lifting and hoisting jamming overload, rotation positioning angle deviation, mechanism reset failure, and on-site physical emergency stop. When an abnormal working condition is triggered, the system automatically locks the equipment to perform the action, cuts off the power output, and performs corresponding angle fine adjustment, audible and visual warning or emergency stop locking operation to ensure the operational stability and safety of the tooling automation operation.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, to further improve the stability and safety of automated equipment operation, the PLC control system of the present invention incorporates a multi-dimensional abnormal working condition judgment and self-locking protection mechanism. It sets up intelligent emergency response strategies for high-frequency fault scenarios under mass production conditions in the workshop, covering five core abnormal protection logics. Firstly, for workstation positioning timeout protection, the system presets a workstation detection time threshold. If a valid positioning signal is not collected within the specified time, a workpiece position offset fault is determined, all actuators are immediately locked, and an audible and visual alarm is triggered. Manual fault reset is required before operation can be restarted. Secondly, for lifting operation abnormality protection, for lifting jamming and overload faults, anomalies are determined by comparing delayed limit signals, instantly cutting off the cylinder power output, and urgently terminating the lifting action to avoid mechanical hard squeezing and damage to parts. Thirdly, for rotational accuracy deviation protection, the system compares the actual angle feedback from the Hall sensor in real time. When the error exceeds the preset standard angle, the fine-tuning correction program is automatically started. If the correction is ineffective, the operation is terminated and an error is reported to ensure assembly accuracy. Fourth, the mechanism reset abnormal protection is provided. If the lower limit signal is not triggered on time after the reset command is issued, the reset is determined to be obstructed, the automatic operation permission of the equipment is locked, and the staff is prompted to check for faults such as jamming and insufficient air supply. Fifth, the physical emergency stop safety protection is provided. After the emergency stop button is triggered on site, the passive emergency stop signal is quickly connected to the PLC control system, instantly cutting off the power supply to all electrical actuators and stopping all moving mechanisms in an emergency, thus building a solid safety line for on-site operations.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engine assembly line jacking rotation tool, characterized by, include: A frame base (1) is fixedly connected to a lifting platform support plate (5). A tooling pallet mechanism (30) for adjusting the engine assembly position is fixedly installed on the lifting platform support plate (5). A lifting and rotating mechanism (40) for installing the engine is fixedly installed above the tooling pallet mechanism (30). Two symmetrically arranged shock-absorbing rubber pads (9) are installed on the lower part of the lifting and rotating mechanism (40). Circulating pulleys (11) are installed at the four corners of the lower part of the lifting and rotating mechanism (40).

2. The engine assembly line jacking rotation tooling of claim 1, wherein, The tooling pallet mechanism (30) includes lifting cylinders (23) fixedly installed below the lifting platform support plate (5), and the four sets of lifting cylinders (23) are centrally symmetrically distributed. A guide sleeve (22) is fixedly installed above the lifting platform support plate (5). A vertical guide shaft (21) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder (23), and the vertical guide shaft (21) is slidably sleeved in the guide sleeve (22). A guide shaft support plate (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical guide shaft (21). A rotary drive motor (14) is fixedly installed on one side of the guide shaft support plate (20). A main drive gear (15) is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary drive motor (14). A secondary drive gear (16) is meshed on the main drive gear (15). A rotary shaft (18) is fixedly connected to the middle of the secondary drive gear (16). A rotary secondary gear connecting plate (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotary shaft (18). A lifting and positioning platform (13) is fixedly installed above the rotary secondary gear connecting plate (17).

3. The engine assembly line jacking rotation tooling of claim 2, wherein, The lower part of the rotating shaft (18) is fitted with a heavy-duty self-aligning bearing (19), and the rotating shaft connecting plate (24) is bolted on the top of the guide shaft support plate (20). Four sets of support planes (25) are installed on the lifting positioning platform (13), and two sets of diamond positioning pin assemblies (12) are fixedly connected on the support planes (25).

4. The engine assembly line jacking rotation tooling of claim 3, wherein, The lifting and rotating mechanism (40) includes a support tray (2) inserted and installed on a diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly (12). The support tray (2) is provided with a plurality of lifting positioning pin holes (10) that cooperate with the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly (12). One end of the support tray (2) is fixedly connected to a return fixing fixture base (4) by bolts. A vertical fixing fixture (3) is fixedly installed on the return fixing fixture base (4). A return pin hole (7) is provided opposite to the top of the vertical fixing fixture (3). A square docking connecting plate (6) is detachably installed on one side of the vertical fixing fixture (3). A pin-positioning bolt fixture (8) distributed at the four corners is fixedly connected to the side of the square docking connecting plate (6).

5. The engine assembly line lifting and rotating fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (18) is mounted through the center of the rotating shaft connecting plate (24), the heavy-duty self-aligning bearing (19) is mounted between the rotating shaft (18) and the rotating shaft connecting plate (24), and the rotating auxiliary gear connecting plate (17) is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft (18).

6. The engine assembly line lifting and rotating fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises four sets of... The fixed end of the lifting cylinder (23) is fixedly supported on the frame base (1). The telescopic end of each lifting cylinder (23) is rigidly connected to the bottom end of the corresponding vertical guide shaft (21). The vertical guide shaft (21) and the guide shaft sleeve (22) are in a sliding fit with a gap. The four sets of vertical guide shafts (21) rise and fall synchronously, driving the guide shaft support plate (20) and the upper lifting positioning platform (13) to rise and fall vertically as a whole.

7. The engine assembly line lifting and rotating fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the diamond-shaped positioning pin assembly (12) is a truncated cone guide structure. The truncated cone section is adapted to be inserted into the lifting positioning pin hole (10) of the bearing tray (2) to realize the circumferential limiting and centering positioning of the bearing tray (2). The return pin hole (7) is used to connect the assembly line positioning pin to realize the vertical fixing fixture (3) alignment and locking. The pin-positioning bolt fixture (8) is used to lock and fix the square docking connecting plate (6) and the engine to be assembled.

8. A PLC control method for a lifting and rotating tooling in an engine assembly line as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The pallet (2) carrying the engine workpiece moves along the assembly line. When it arrives at the assembly station, it is buffered by the shock-absorbing pad (9) to achieve a flexible stop without impact. The detection element collects the station arrival signal and uploads it to the PLC control system. S2, PLC control system responds to the received valid detection signal, locks the conveyor operation program, constrains the carrying pallet (2) to stop at the assembly station, cancels manual limit operation, and enters stable standby operation state; S3. After receiving the start command, the PLC control system controls the four sets of lifting cylinders (23) to extend synchronously. Through the vertical guide shaft (21) and the guide sleeve (22) vertical guide cooperation, the lifting and positioning platform (13) is driven to lift smoothly and lift the entire carrying pallet (2) away from the conveyor station of the production line. S4. During the upward movement of the carrying pallet (2) along with the lifting positioning platform (13), the diamond positioning pin assembly (12) and the lifting positioning pin hole (10) of the carrying pallet (2) are automatically guided and inserted to achieve rigid positioning and locking of the carrying pallet (2) and the lifting positioning platform (13), eliminating the potential for deviation in subsequent rotation operations. S5. After completing the mechanical positioning, the PLC control system starts the rotary drive motor (14), which meshes with the main drive gear (15) and the auxiliary drive gear (16) to drive the overall orientation of the bearing tray (2) and the engine workpiece, and adjusts the workpiece assembly angle. S6. The built-in angle sensor of the equipment collects the rotation displacement signal in real time and feeds it back to the PLC control system. When the rotation angle reaches the preset assembly standard angle, the PLC control system immediately controls the rotation drive motor (14) to stop, so as to achieve precise angle locking and prevent autonomous rotation deviation. S7. After the workpiece assembly process is completed, the PLC control system receives the reset command and controls the lifting cylinder (23) to retract synchronously, driving the tooling pallet mechanism (30) and the lifting and rotating mechanism (40) to fall back smoothly as a whole, so that the carrying pallet (2) is reset to the conveyor station of the production line. After the S8 and PLC control systems detect and confirm that all mechanisms have been fully reset, the production line conveying control program is unlocked, the limit status of the shock-absorbing pad (9) is released, the production line resumes normal conveying, and the carrying pallet (2) carrying the finished workpiece is automatically transferred to the next assembly station, completing the closed loop of the entire automated operation.

9. The PLC control method for the lifting and rotating tooling of the engine assembly line according to claim 8, characterized in that, The PLC control method includes: The PLC control system is equipped with a variety of sensing and detection components and integrates signal linkage control logic that is compatible with the automated closed-loop control steps. The PLC control system collects the station position switch signal of the photoelectric position sensor, the lifting on / off signal of the mechanical stroke limit sensor, and the rotation angle pulse signal of the Hall angle sensor to realize the start / stop locking of the production line, the lifting stroke control of the lifting cylinder (23), and the angle speed adjustment and positioning of the rotary drive motor (14), thereby realizing the linkage matching of mechanical actions and electrical signals throughout the tooling process.

10. The PLC control method for the lifting and rotating tooling of the engine assembly line according to claim 8, characterized in that, The PLC control method includes: The PLC control system has built-in multiple abnormal working condition judgment and intelligent protection self-locking programs. The PLC control system monitors and identifies abnormal working conditions such as workstation positioning timeout, lifting jamming overload, rotation positioning angle deviation, mechanism reset failure, and on-site physical emergency stop. When an abnormal working condition is triggered, the system automatically locks the equipment to perform the action, cuts off the power output, and performs corresponding angle fine adjustment, audible and visual warning or emergency stop and lock operation to ensure the operational stability and safety of the tooling automation operation.

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