Electric engraving machine head

Abstract

This invention discloses a carving machine head and a method for operating the carving machine head. The carving machine head includes a solenoid configured to generate a magnetic field when energized. The magnetic field interacts with a plunger and a magnet coupled to the plunger, applying a force to the plunger to move it from an initial position to an impact position. Based on this force, the plunger impacts an impact plate, transmitting at least a portion of the force to a stylus to carve the material. The carving machine head further includes a spring to return the plunger to the initial position. Furthermore, the carving machine head efficiently draws heat from the solenoid, allowing it to be entirely metal. Additionally, the start-up operation of the carving machine head provides the operator with smooth operation and comfortable control.

Description

Background Technology

[0001] 1. Field

[0002] Embodiments of this disclosure relate to an engraving machine head. More specifically, embodiments of this disclosure relate to an all-metal engraving machine head that provides smooth start-up operation.

[0003] 2. Related Technologies

[0004] Electric CNC engraving machines are typically used to engrave various materials. Electrical power is supplied to a solenoid to move a plunger that strikes the anvil, causing the stylus to impact the material being engraved. However, the solenoid generates heat during operation. Typical engraving machines require a large radiator and use insulation between the radiator and the handle. Typical engraving machines include plastic or wooden handles to help insulate the operator's hands from the heat. Even so, these machines still get hot and uncomfortable during prolonged use. Furthermore, if the solenoid becomes too hot, the impact force of the plunger against the anvil weakens. Additionally, typical engraving machines (including those with plastic or wooden handles) are less durable than metal engraving machines and are not ideal for the operator.

[0005] Typical engraving machines (including push-type solenoids) have a bumpy and uncomfortable start-up sequence. The typical plunger starts from an initial position some distance from the intermediate impact device and accelerates towards it. The typical machine head's acceleration of the plunger from zero to impact results in an undesirable bumpy effect on the machine head in the operator's hand. The typical engraving machine's start-up process is undesirable and abrupt, and can adversely affect the engraving process.

[0006] What is needed is a system and method that provides a smooth start-up sequence and offers an all-metal engraving machine with high durability, relatively low temperature, and limited impact force loss. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The embodiments of this disclosure solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve significant progress in the art by providing an engraving machine head configured to provide smooth start-up, low heat generation and efficient heat dissipation.

[0008] Embodiments of this disclosure relate to an engraving machine head for engraving. The engraving machine head includes: a solenoid configured to generate a magnetic field when energized; a plunger positioned adjacent to the solenoid; a magnet coupled to a rear end of the plunger; and wherein the plunger is configured to accelerate toward an intermediate impact device under the force exerted on the plunger by the magnetic field of the solenoid, and wherein the plunger is configured to impact the intermediate impact device to transmit at least a portion of the force to the intermediate impact device for engraving.

[0009] Embodiments of this disclosure relate to a method of operating a CNC engraving machine head. The method includes: receiving a drive pulse by a solenoid; generating a magnetic field by the solenoid based on the drive pulse; applying a force to a plunger by the magnetic field; estimating the impact time of the plunger; eliminating the magnetic field at or near the impact time based on input from a handheld control or pedal; and pushing the plunger away from an intermediate impact device by a spring force from a spring coupled to the plunger.

[0010] This synopsis is provided to introduce, in a simplified form, a series of concepts further described below in the detailed description. This synopsis is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter. Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0012] Figure 1 An embodiment of the engraving machine system is described;

[0013] Figure 2 An embodiment of the engraving machine head is described;

[0014] Figures 3A to 3C A cross-sectional view depicting an embodiment of the engraving machine head is shown;

[0015] Figure 4 An embodiment of a CNC engraving machine head with circuitry is depicted;

[0016] Figure 5 The engraving machine head and its alternative component system are described;

[0017] Figures 6A to 6B An exemplary embodiment of a CNC engraving machine head with an impact plate is depicted;

[0018] Figure 7 The engraving machine head, including hand control sensors, is depicted;

[0019] Figures 8A to 8C A first exemplary start-up option for an embodiment of an engraving machine head is described;

[0020] Figures 9A to 9D A first example of an indicative shutdown option for an embodiment of an engraving machine head is described;

[0021] Figure 10 An exemplary magnetic field generated by an embodiment of the engraving machine head is depicted;

[0022] Figures 11A to 11DA second exemplary start-up option for an embodiment of an engraving machine head is described;

[0023] Figures 12A to 12D A second exemplary power-off option for an embodiment of an engraving machine head is described;

[0024] Figure 13 An exemplary drive pulse diagram of an embodiment for an engraving machine head is depicted;

[0025] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating an exemplary start-up method for a CNC engraving machine head is depicted;

[0026] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating the operation of the CNC engraving machine head is provided; and

[0027] Figure 16 A flowchart depicting an alternative embodiment of an engraving machine head operation is provided.

[0028] The accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments disclosed and described herein. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but rather to clearly illustrate the principles of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description of embodiments of the present invention is taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention can be practiced. These embodiments are intended to describe aspects of the invention in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice it. Other embodiments may be utilized and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed description is not intended to be limiting.

[0030] In this description, references to "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "various embodiments," "some embodiments," "a few embodiments," or "other embodiments" mean that one or more features mentioned are included in at least one embodiment of the technology. Individual references to "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "various embodiments," "some embodiments," "a few embodiments," or "other embodiments" in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment and are not mutually exclusive, unless so stated and / or unless it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art from the specification. For example, features, structures, actions, etc., described in one embodiment may also be included in other embodiments, but are not necessarily included. Therefore, the technology can include various combinations and / or integrations of the embodiments described herein.

[0031] Typically, embodiments of this disclosure provide an engraving machine head configured to provide comfortable temperature and smooth start-up. In some embodiments, the engraving machine head includes a solenoid configured to generate a magnetic field when energized. This magnetic field interacts with a plunger and a magnet coupled to the plunger, applying a force to the plunger to move it from an initial position to an impact position. Based on this force, the plunger impacts an intermediate impact device, transmitting at least a portion of the force to a stylus to engrave the material. Furthermore, the engraving machine head includes a spring to return the plunger to the initial position.

[0032] In some embodiments, the engraving machine head is entirely metal, efficiently extracting heat from the solenoid. Heat can also be extracted from the interior of the head by allowing hot air to be transferred through vents on the housing. As the plunger cycles from initial positioning to impact positioning and back, it acts as a piston, pushing hot air out of the head and drawing cool air in. Furthermore, various start-up operations of the engraving machine head provide the operator with smooth operation and comfortable control, as disclosed herein.

[0033] Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of an engraving machine system 10 is depicted. In some embodiments, the engraving machine system includes a control box 12, an electrical plug 14, a head 16 including control sensors 19, and a foot pedal 18 also including control sensors 19. In some embodiments, the control box 12 includes a non-transient computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 22, enable the methods described herein. Specifically, these instructions can be executed to provide electrical drive pulses to the head 16 to initiate and engrave procedures. The control box 12 is operable to control any and all functions of the head 16 as described below. Furthermore, the control box 12 may be powered by power supplied by the electrical plug 14. The electrical plug 14 can be connected to any standard socket and provide power to the control box 12. Additionally, in some embodiments, the control box 12 may include a battery that provides power to operate the control box 12 and the head 16. In some embodiments, the control box 12 is operable to provide a low power output to the head 16; however, any power required by the head 16 can be generated by the control box 12, as described below.

[0034] In some embodiments, a control sensor 19 is included. Figure 7 The foot pedal 18 is operable to provide signals indicating the required power, which can then be converted by at least one processor 22 executing instructions stored in memory 21 to provide drive pulses, thereby based on the foot pedal 18 or the back cover 32. Figure 7The positioning of the foot pedal 18 or the force applied to the control sensor 19 alters the engraving power of the machine head 16. For example, the foot pedal 18 can be initiated in a foot pedal initial positioning. For example, the control sensor 19 can be initiated in a pressure-free positioning. In the foot pedal initial positioning, no drive pulse signal may be provided to the machine head 16, but a start signal may be provided. In the case of the control sensor 19 activation, no drive pulse signal may be provided to the machine head 16, but a similar or identical start signal may be provided. The start signal keeps the solenoid 54 energized, pushing the plunger 58 to the intermediate impact device 48 (e.g., anvil, impact plate, stylus connector 46), placing it in the initial positioning of the startup process. When the operator presses down the foot pedal 18 and / or the rear cover 32, a drive pulse may be provided to the machine head 16, and the start signal may gradually decrease. Once the positioning of the foot pedal 18 or the rear cover 32 is set outside the designated position, or the force applied to the control sensor 19 exceeds a certain value, the start signal can be eliminated, and only the drive pulse is transmitted to the solenoid 54 to achieve normal operation of the machine head 16. The startup procedure and normal operation of the nose section 16 will be described in detail below.

[0035] To provide drive pulses and start signals to the head unit 16, the control box 12 includes standard electronic components such as processor 22, memory 21, DC-DC converter 24, and various electronic components 26, which may include circuitry, communication components, passive components, wiring, and any other standard electronic components. Here, the control box 12 is configured to store instructions, receive inputs (setting power output and frequency settings) from the foot pedal 18 or control sensor 19 and face control 28, and output signals to control the head unit 16. Data from the DC-DC converter 24 can be combined with data from pedal deflection and various components controlling the head unit 16 to estimate and monitor the power consumption of the head unit 16. This can be used to control or special short-term high-power operating modes, or to indicate when self-heating reduces the rated stable power output of the head unit 16. In some embodiments, the control box 12 is any standard control box in the industry that is programmed and / or configured to perform the functions described herein.

[0036] Figure 2An exemplary embodiment of a head unit 16, including a head unit housing 30, is depicted. In some embodiments, the head unit housing 30 comprises metal, wood, plastic, etc. However, in some embodiments described herein, the head unit housing 30 is all-metal. An all-metal head unit housing 30 dissipates heat when held in the hand and is less efficient at dissipating heat in free air, allowing the operator to handle the head unit 16 without any discomfort. It is well known that most operators prefer metal head units to plastic or wooden head units, and motor head units often become excessively hot during prolonged operation, causing discomfort. The configuration of the head unit 16 described below allows the head unit 16, including the head unit housing 30, to be made entirely of metal while maintaining a comfortable temperature. In some embodiments, the head unit housing 30 may comprise aluminum, steel, stainless steel, or any other metal or metal alloy. In some embodiments, part or all of the metal must be non-magnetic.

[0037] In some embodiments, the head housing 30 includes a rear cover 32 (including a control sensor 19) and a central housing 34 (including central housing screws). Figure 5 The head housing 38 (including intermediate housing screws 40), stylus tube 42, and vent 44 are all components. As described above, all components may be metal. The metal components may act as heat sinks, dissipating heat from the interior of the head housing 30 to the air outside the head housing 16 or to the user's hand holding the head housing 16. Furthermore, as described below, the vent 44 connects the exterior of the head housing 30 to the interior of the head housing 30. Specifically, the vent 44 connects the plunger interior space to the exterior of the head housing 16, and the vent is configured to discharge air between the plunger interior space and the exterior of the head housing. The vent 44 is described in detail below.

[0038] Figures 3A to 3C A cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of the engraving machine head 16 is depicted, showing the internal components of the head 16. In some embodiments, the intermediate housing 38 can be coupled to the central housing 34 by screwing the intermediate housing screw 40 into the central housing screw (or in the opposite direction). Although not shown in the figure, it is conceivable that the central housing screw and the intermediate housing screw 40 are complementary. The screws shown here are merely illustrative, and in some embodiments, the intermediate housing 38 can be coupled to the central housing 34 using set screws, bolts, welds, adhesives, etc. Similarly, in some embodiments, the rear cover 32 can be coupled to the central housing 34 by means of, for example, set screws, bolts, welding, adhesives, etc. Figure 3AThe set screw 78 shown, or any other method described above, is coupled to the central housing 34. Furthermore, the stylus tube 42 can be coupled to the intermediate housing 38 by screws and / or set screws, bolts, adhesives, welding, etc. In some embodiments, the rear cover 32 and the stylus tube 42 can be engaged in place by an internal lever. Additionally, the stylus connector 46 can be configured to receive styluses, and when the plunger 58 strikes the intermediate impact device 48, energy is transferred to the stylus to engrave various engraving materials.

[0039] Typically, the head 16 is operable for engraving various surfaces, including wood, metal, and plastic, depending on the operating parameters and the pins connected to the pin connector 46. The head 16 can be held by the operator, who can also operate the control box 12 and foot pedal 18 to provide power, drive pulses, and start signals to the head 16. As described above, the operator can press down the foot pedal 18 or the rear cover 32 to control the signals transmitted to the head 16. Therefore, the operator can control the start-up and operation procedures of the head 16 as described below.

[0040] exist Figures 3A to 3C In the embodiment depicted, when power is supplied to solenoid 54, solenoid 54 can provide a magnetic field that applies a thrust to plunger 58, propelling plunger 58 into intermediate impact device 48, such as... Figure 3B As shown, this is referred to as impact positioning. The power can then be cut off, and plunger 58 can then return to its original position. Figure 3A The initial positioning is shown. The thrust here is provided by solenoid 54, and the restoring force is provided by spring 70; however, in some embodiments, a push / pull solenoid or a pull solenoid may be provided. Here, the entire push / pull cycle can occur at different time intervals. Therefore, the impact force from plunger 58 impacting intermediate impact device 48 can occur at different frequencies. For example, a push / pull cycle can be completed in 1 / 40 of a second, resulting in 40 impacts per second. Similarly, or alternatively, the impact rate can be 30, 35, 45, 50 impacts per second, or any other number below, above, or between these rates. While an impact rate of 40 impacts per second is mentioned herein, it should be understood that this is merely illustrative, and any impact rate can actually be achieved. As described in more detail below, these cycle rates are made possible by the coordinated operation of multiple components of the head 16.

[0041] In some embodiments, the power output of solenoid 54 may be relatively low compared to some standard solenoids used in the industry. For example, the power output of control box 12 may be approximately 3.5, 4.0, 4.2, 4.5, 4.8, 5.0 watts or similar values. Here, the power output is illustrative, and it should be understood that any power output can be applied to achieve the desired impact time and power. The relatively low power output can reduce the heat generated by solenoid 54, allowing the head 16 to be all-metal and, in some embodiments, making it comfortable for the user to hold. Furthermore, the average input power varying over time can be intentionally limited by providing drive pulses (such as short, strong pulses) to solenoid 54. Additionally, solenoid 54 can provide any desired force based on the input power. The input power and impact force can be adjusted by modifying control box 12 and changing the foot pedal positioning, the force applied by the hand control sensor, and the operator-operable settings described above.

[0042] In some embodiments, a drive pulse is provided to the solenoid 54 when controlled by at least one processor 22 of the control box 12. Computer-executable instructions may be configured to provide short pulses (referred to herein as “drive pulses”) of electrical energy to the solenoid 54 via the power supply of the control box 12 when executed by at least one processor 22. When the solenoid 54 receives electrical energy, it is energized to create a magnetic field around it. This magnetic field interacts with the plunger 58 (in some embodiments, the plunger is a magnetically interacting material) to cause the plunger 58 to be initially positioned ( Figure 3A Accelerate to impact location ( Figure 3B In some embodiments, the drive pulses may be provided at a specific frequency so that the plunger 58 is pushed to strike the intermediate impact device 48 at the same frequency.

[0043] In some embodiments, the solenoid 54 is configured to position the plunger 58 from its initial position ( Figure 3A ) pushed to impact positioning ( Figure 3B In the initial positioning, plunger 58 can be retracted by spring 70 until magnet 72 contacts damping material 77 (made of rubber, plastic, composite material, or other material) and rear cover screw 76 within rear cover 32. In some embodiments, magnet 72 interacts with rear cover screw 76 to retract / hold plunger 58 against rear cover screw 76 in the initial positioning. It should also be noted that in Figure 3AIn the initial positioning shown, ideally, the force exerted by spring 70 on plunger 58 is almost negligible or minimal. At this point, spring 70 is in or near its natural unloading configuration. Therefore, the only force exerted on plunger 58 can be the magnetic force based on the magnetic attraction between magnet 72 and rear cover screw 76. Thus, plunger 58 can remain in the initial positioning without any counterforce. It should also be noted that the term "initial positioning" mentioned herein is illustrative and is used to describe the normal cyclic operation of the head 16.

[0044] Furthermore, since spring 70 is in a naturally resting state, it may only provide minimal resistance to the movement of plunger 58 as solenoid 54 causes plunger 58 to overcome the magnetic force and move toward intermediate impact device 48. This minimal resistance may increase as plunger 58 approaches intermediate impact device 48, based on the carefully chosen spring constant of spring 70. Therefore, once plunger 58 strikes intermediate impact device 48 and solenoid is de-energized, spring 70 (coupled to plunger 58 and solenoid wall 68) provides a restoring force to return plunger 58 and magnet 72 to the initial position at the rear cover screw 76. In some embodiments, spring 70 may be a conical spring configured strong enough to return plunger 58 to the initial position, but not so strong as to significantly reduce the acceleration of plunger 58 or the impact force of plunger 58 on intermediate impact device 48.

[0045] To further optimize impact, when a drive pulse is supplied to the solenoid 54, the magnetic field provided by the solenoid 54 can interact with the magnet 72. In some embodiments, the magnet 72 may be positioned at the rear end of the plunger 58 on the rear cover side of the head 16. Furthermore, the magnet 72 may be coupled to the plunger 58 such that the magnet 72 moves with the plunger 58. In some embodiments, the magnet 72 may include a rare-earth magnet, such as, for example, a neodymium magnet and / or a samarium-cobalt magnet. Because the magnet 72 is coupled to the rear end of the plunger 58, the plunger 58 can further protect the magnet 72 from the impact force generated when the plunger 58 strikes the intermediate impact device 48. Typically, rare-earth magnets may not be configured to withstand direct impact forces that may be present during normal operation of the head 16. However, in this embodiment, because the magnet 72 is positioned at the rear end of the plunger 58, it can be protected from impact forces.

[0046] In some embodiments, the magnetic poles of magnet 72 may be aligned with the solenoid magnetic field, thereby providing additional force to plunger 58. When solenoid 54 is energized, the generated magnetic field exerts a force on magnet 72. Therefore, the solenoid magnetic field not only acts on plunger 58 to push plunger 58 from initial positioning to impact positioning, but magnet 72, connected to the rear end of plunger 58, may also interact with the magnetic field, providing additional force and further accelerating plunger 58 toward the intermediate impact device 48.

[0047] Furthermore, to help optimize the impact force, the sidewall set screw 80 can adjust the solenoid 54's fore-and-aft positioning. The fore-and-aft positioning of the solenoid 54 is crucial for providing the optimal force for the plunger 58 to impact the intermediate impact device 48. Additionally, in some embodiments, the solenoid 54 includes a solenoid ramp 66, and the plunger 58 includes a corresponding plunger ramp 64, which have corresponding angles relative to the fore-and-aft axis of the solenoid. The solenoid 54 can be adjusted so that the plunger ramp 64 and the solenoid ramp 66 are as close as possible to the impact positioning. Figure 3B In the impact positioning shown, plunger 58 impacts intermediate impact device 48 (which may or may not be present), and plunger ramp 64 is very close to but does not contact solenoid ramp 66. Due to the close proximity of plunger ramp 64 and solenoid ramp 66, maximum force is applied to plunger 58, and then all or almost all of the force is transmitted to intermediate impact device 48 and contact pin connector 46, and ultimately to the contact pin. Furthermore, the travel / impact distance can be adjusted by adjusting the position of center housing 34 relative to intermediate housing screw 40, as described above. Additionally, the travel / impact distance can be adjusted by adjusting the position of locking ring 49.

[0048] Since the various forces described herein acting on the plunger 58 throughout the travel distance from initial positioning to impact positioning can be adjusted via the rear cover screw 76 (and timing) to further optimize the impact force acting on the intermediate impact device 48 at impact point 84. As described above, in some embodiments, the plunger 58 impacts the intermediate impact device 48 at a higher impact rate. Therefore, the initial positioning of the plunger 58 is important in the operation of the head 16. If the plunger 58 is positioned too far back (i.e., toward the rear cover 32), the plunger 58 will travel further from initial positioning to impact positioning, resulting in a longer impact travel time and potentially a reduced impact force. Furthermore, if the travel time is too long, the operation may not achieve the required number of cycles per second (e.g., 40 impacts per second). Additionally, if the travel time / distance is too long, the impact force may be reduced. The impact force can be reduced by stopping power supply to the solenoid 54 before the plunger 58 approaches or is located at impact point 84, and / or by excessive stretching of the spring 70, through the reduced force applied by the solenoid 54. Therefore, in these situations, the nose 16 may not be operating in optimal condition.

[0049] To provide optimal impact force based on the impact of the plunger 58 against the intermediate impact device 48 at impact point 84 when the forces described above act on the plunger 58, the initial positioning of the plunger 58 can be adjusted via the rear cover screw 76. The rear cover screw 76 and the damping material 77 in the rear cover 32 provide an adjustable initial positioning for the plunger 58. In some embodiments, the rear cover screw 76 may include an adjustable set screw, bolt, threaded rod, or simply a washer. The rear cover screw 76 can be adjusted by rotating it inward toward the inside of the head 16 and by rotating it outward toward the outside of the head 16. Therefore, the initial positioning of the plunger 58 can be adjusted, and thus the travel distance from the initial positioning to the impact positioning can be adjusted. In some embodiments, the rear cover screw 76 is configured such that the impact between the plunger 58 and the intermediate impact device 48 occurs as follows: Figure 13 The electrically driven pulse shown ends shortly afterward. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the back cover screw 76 may include a magnetically interacting material, resulting in a slight magnetic interaction with the magnet 72. The magnetic force between the back cover screws 76 can slightly assist the restoring force, especially when the spring 70 is close to its natural state as described above. Additionally, since the spring 70 exerts a small or negligible force on the plunger 58 in the initial positioning, the force between the magnet 72 and the back cover screw 76 can help hold the plunger 58 in the initial positioning.

[0050] In some embodiments, the rear cover screw 76 may be cushioned by a damping material 77. The damping material 77 provides energy absorption between the rear cover screw 76 and the magnet 72, thus buffering minor impacts between the magnet 72 and the rear cover screw 76 when the spring 70 returns the plunger 58 to its initial position. Energy absorption helps mitigate impacts between the rear cover screw 76 and the magnet 72, but also cushions impacts felt by the operator when operating the machine head 16, especially during the startup process described below. The damping material 77 also reduces impacts between the plunger 58 and the rear cover screw 76, thereby reducing splashing or dual-mode operation of the plunger 58.

[0051] As described above, the head 16 can be configured to be all-metal while ensuring operator comfort. Therefore, various heat dissipation technologies are provided. As described above, in some embodiments, ventilation holes 44 can be provided to assist in cooling the head 16. Ventilation holes 44 can be located in the sidewalls of the housing 30, and in some embodiments, they can be located in the rear cover 32 of the housing 30. In some embodiments, the movement of the plunger 58 acts as a drive piston that can push air through the ventilation holes 44 to assist in cooling. When the plunger 58 moves from the initial position to the impact position, the plunger 58 can expel hot air (air that has absorbed heat from the solenoid 54) from the sidewall ventilation holes 44a and draw cool air from the outside of the head 16 into the rear cover chamber 60 through the rear sidewall holes 44b and / or the rear cover holes 44c. Similarly, or alternatively, when the spring restoring force pulls the plunger 58 back from the impact position to the initial position, hot air in the rear cover chamber can be expelled from the rear cover hole 44c and the rear side wall vent 44b, while cold air from outside the head 16 is drawn into the solenoid chamber 56 through the side wall vent 44a. Therefore, when the plunger 58 makes a high impact rate, air is continuously drawn into and expelled from the head 16 to remove heat from the solenoid 54 and push it out of the head 16.

[0052] In some embodiments, the nose 16 may be further cooled by forced air. Figure 3C Depicting Figures 3A to 3B The machine head shown includes a forced air hose 88. Here, the wiring harness 86 includes a power line 90 and the air hose 88. The power line 90 can be connected to the control box 12 and provides the drive pulses and start signals described below. Additionally, the air hose 88 can be connected to the control box 12, which in some embodiments includes an air compressor, fan, etc. In some embodiments, the air hose 88 is not connected to the control box 12 but can be connected to an auxiliary air source. Air can be forced into the rear cover chamber 60 through the air hose 88. As described above, when the plunger 58 circulates, hot air can be expelled through the vent 44, and cold air can be pushed into the rear cover chamber 60 through the air hose 88. In some embodiments, the vent 44 is absent, and the forced air in the closed system can be cooled using air hoses and return hoses to cool the solenoid chamber 56 and the rear cover chamber 60, thereby achieving an all-metal housing that does not reduce the efficiency of the solenoid 54 while maintaining operator comfort.

[0053] Figure 4 An alternative embodiment of the head 16 is depicted, wherein the solenoid 54 is energized to push the plunger 58 rearward. In some embodiments, a spring 70 is compressed between the plunger 58 and the front solenoid wall 74. When energy is released by removing the drive pulse, the spring 70 provides an impact force on the intermediate impact device 48. Here, the plunger 58 and Figures 3A to 3C The pistons in the head 16 depicted are in opposite directions, and the spring 70 is located on the front side of the piston 58. Figure 4 The configuration of the nose 16 in the middle and Figures 3A to 3C The configuration of the machine head is similar, and the solenoid 54 can be adjusted by the initial positioning of the side wall set screw 80 and plunger 58, while the transition length and time can be adjusted by the rear cover screw 76. Furthermore, the cyclic operation can be the same as described above. Short, high-power drive pulses can be supplied to the solenoid 54 to operate the machine head 16. Additionally, the starting operation described below can also be applied. Figure 4 The nose cone 16 is depicted in the text.

[0054] As shown in the figure, when a drive pulse is provided to energize... Figure 4 When the solenoid 54 is in place, it generates the magnetic field described above. Here, the plunger 58 is initially positioned forward, in contact with the intermediate impact device 48. There may be no magnetic attraction or only a limited magnetic attraction between the intermediate impact device 48 and the plunger 58. As the plunger 58 interacts with the magnetic field provided by the solenoid 54, a force is applied to the plunger 58, causing it to move rearward toward the rear cover screw 76. In some embodiments, the drive pulse may be stopped before, during, or after the plunger 58 contacts the rear cover screw 76, thereby eliminating the magnetic field, and the spring force provided by the spring 70 takes over. The timing of shutting off the magnetic field may be based at least in part on an estimated time of contact between the plunger 58 and the intermediate impact device 48. The spring 70 may extend back to its natural helical shape to pull the plunger 58 back until the plunger 58 strikes the intermediate impact device 48, applying energy from the plunger 58 to the intermediate impact device 48 and transferring it to the stylus to engrave the material.

[0055] In some embodiments, for such Figure 4 The spring-driven solenoid shown and described above requires that the current in the solenoid coil 92c of solenoid 54 be removed relatively quickly after the drive pulse is removed. Using... Figure 4The circuit 92 shown can quickly remove current from the solenoid coil 92c. In some embodiments, as shown, a Zener diode or TVS diode 92a may be used in conjunction with a silicon diode or Schottky diode 92b and a control switch 92d. Since the current release event is relatively short, the heating of the solenoid 54 occurs primarily when current is applied. The kinetic energy of the plunger 58 and the mechanical work done by the solenoid 54 on the spring 70 via the plunger 58 can be efficiently transferred to the spring 70. When the spring 70 extends, almost all the potential energy stored in the compression spring 70 can be transferred as kinetic energy to the plunger 58, which strikes the anvil with this potential energy. Since in some embodiments the solenoid 54 is not pushed against the spring 70 during the anvil impact, and the solenoid 54 does not need to drive the plunger 58 at high speed when the plunger 58 compresses the spring, and the solenoid 54 has a relatively long time period for the described action, this configuration is relatively efficient and does not require attaching a permanent magnet to the plunger 58. Furthermore, since the plunger 58 can initially make full contact with the anvil during the start-up process, the start-up is very smooth and no special start signal is required.

[0056] Figure 5 An exemplary embodiment of the nose cone 16 is depicted. Here, the nose cone 16 provides an alternative method for setting the travel distance of the plunger 58 from initial positioning to impact positioning. Figure 5 As shown, the head 16 is in the initial positioning position, with the plunger 58 maintaining a certain distance from the intermediate impact device 48. The spring 70 is positioned at the rear end of the plunger 58, within the rear cover 32. When the solenoid 54 is energized, the plunger 58 can be pushed towards the intermediate impact device 48, compressing the spring 70 to provide the effect described above. Figures 3A to 3C The described resilience. As described above and below, Figures 3A to 3C The rear cover screw 76 sets the distance between the plunger 58 and the intermediate impact device 48. Here, in Figure 5 In this configuration, the distance can be set by screwing the intermediate housing 38 into the central housing 34. Once the positioning of the intermediate housing 38 is determined through the calibration process described below, the intermediate housing 38 can be locked in place by the intermediate housing locking ring 49. Because... Figure 2 The specific implementation shown, Figure 5 The exemplary head unit 16 includes a control sensor 19 integrated in the rear cover 32 or in a damping material (e.g., damping material 77). Figure 7 This sensor can be used in the plunger travel calibration process described below. It is possible to place the control sensor 19 because the back cover 32 here is not like... Figures 3A to 3C It has a set screw, just like the back cover shown.

[0057] continue Figure 5The embodiments depicted provide an exemplary configuration of the magnet holder 73. The magnet holder 73 can be any configuration capable of preventing the magnet 72 from sliding along the surface of the plunger 58 due to force during operation. Figure 5 An exemplary embodiment of the magnet holder 73 shown herein comprises two rings of different diameters. A first diameter provides a ring surrounding the plunger 58, and a second diameter provides a ring surrounding the magnet 72. This ring may be a retaining ring or the like and is coupled to the plunger 58. Thus, during operation, the magnet 72 is longitudinally held on the plunger 58 by magnetic attraction, and lateral slippage of the magnet 72 is prevented by the magnet holder 73. Furthermore, as described above, the magnet holder 73 can be of any configuration and can be based on the size and position of the magnet 72 positioned within the plunger 58. An alternative to the magnet holder 73 is to form a columnar structure on the head of the plunger 58 and use an annular magnet (wherein the columnar structure extends through the hole of the annular magnet) with an aperture and magnet thickness matching the columnar structure.

[0058] Figure 6A and Figure 6B An embodiment of the headstock 16 is shown, which is configured with an intermediate impact device 48 and is positioned for impact ( Figure 6A ) and retraction positioning ( Figure 6B As described in the embodiments herein, plunger 58 can be operated cyclically via a combination of solenoid 54 and spring 70, and by operator control of control pedal 18 and / or control sensor 19. Figure 6A and Figure 6B As shown, pedal 18 provides a control signal to solenoid 54. However, in some embodiments, it can be as follows: Figure 7 The use of control sensor 19 is shown in the text and will be discussed in more detail below. Furthermore, as this article discusses… Figure 6A and Figure 6B As described in the configuration shown, the solenoid 54 provides the impact motion (e.g., moving the plunger 58 from the retracted position to the impact position, and the spring 70 provides the restoring force to retract the plunger 58 from the impact position back to the retracted position).

[0059] Furthermore, as described in the embodiments above, the headstock 16 includes a damping material 77 disposed at the rear cover 32 at the rear end of the headstock 16. The damping material 77 can be any rubber, plastic, metal, etc., and can be configured to retract when the plunger 58 retracts... Figure 6B The plunger 58 is accommodated in the retracted position as shown in the diagram. Damping material 77 provides cushioning between the rear cover 32 and the plunger 58. Furthermore, in some embodiments, a magnet 72 may be attracted by the damping material 77 to assist in returning to the retracted position. Additionally, as described above, the headstock 16 also includes ventilation holes to allow the plunger 58 to... Figure 6A Impact location and Figure 6B During the cycle between retraction and positioning, the interior of the machine head 16 can be cooled.

[0060] Figure 6A Impact location and Figure 6B The travel distance between the retraction and positioning points can be set based on the calibration process described below, and can also be mechanically set by adjusting the positioning of the rear cover 32 using the center housing 34 and locking ring 49. The center housing 34 can be adjusted inward to reduce the travel distance and outward to increase the travel distance, and then locked in place using the locking ring 49. As described above, the travel distance is set to optimize the timing and force of the impact of the plunger 58 on the intermediate impact device 48, thereby optimizing the operation and engraving of the stylus during operation. As described in the embodiments herein, the impact timing sets the on / off timing of the magnetic field, optimizing the impact, timing, and reducing the heating of the solenoid 54. Therefore, setting the travel distance is important for optimal operation, and this will be described in detail below.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6A to 6B and Figure 7 The head 16 shown includes an intermediate impact device 48. Typically, the intermediate impact device 48 provides functionality similar to that described above. For example, as described above, the intermediate impact device 48 is an anvil, which in some embodiments is attached to a plunger 58 or a pin connector 46. In some embodiments, the intermediate impact device 48 may be configured as a circular plate ( Figures 6A to 6B , Figure 7 Impact rings 50 are provided at various positions around the intermediate impact device 48 to position the intermediate impact device 48.

[0062] An intermediate impact device 48 may be disposed between the plunger 58 and the pin connector 46 and secured in place by an impact ring 50. In some embodiments, the intermediate impact device 48 may be positioned to contact the pin connector 46. Therefore, when the plunger 58 impacts the intermediate impact device 48, maximum energy is transferred from the plunger 58 to the pin connector 46. Furthermore, the impact can be attenuated by a selected amount by the impact ring 50, which may be a compressible O-ring comprising rubber, plastic, composite materials, etc. Thus, the impact ring 50 can hold the intermediate impact device 48 in place. Figures 6A to 6B and Figure 7 The desired positioning is shown in the figure, and the plunger 58 is compressed when it impacts the intermediate impact device 48 to transfer the impact energy from the plunger 58 to the pin connector 46. In some embodiments, the intermediate impact device 48 may not be provided between the plunger 58 and the pin connector 46, and the plunger 58 may directly impact the pin connector 46.

[0063] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the spring 70 includes, for example... Figures 3A to 3C , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figures 6A to 6B and Figure 7 The diagram shows a helical configuration with a decreasing diameter. In some embodiments, when spring 70 is as shown... Figure 6A When compressed, as shown, spring 70 can be compressed to a single wire width comprising concentric circles, thereby enabling plunger 58 to impact intermediate impact device 48 or contact connector 46. Spring 70 is configured to provide a foldable spring, reducing spring weight and spring resistance, eliminating friction between adjacent coils, and reducing the overall length of the head 16.

[0064] Figure 7 Showing Figure 6A and 6B The configuration of the head unit 16 shown has been modified to be operable via control sensor 19. For example... Figure 7 The control sensor 19 shown can be used to provide the real-time feedback needed to select the optimal distance between the intermediate housing 38 and the central housing 34 (as described above). Figures 3A to 3C , Figure 4 and Figure 5 (as described) and Figure 7 The similarity between the rear cover 32 and the intermediate housing 38 is used to calibrate the head 16 (e.g., when installing a new solenoid). The calibration process of adjusting the rear cover 32 and / or the rear cover screw 76 to set the travel distance can be the same or very similar across all embodiments. During calibration, at least one processor 22 compares the phase relationship between the drive pulse and the response pulse output from the control sensor 19. The processor 22 then calculates the adjustment required to provide optimal impact force and instructs the user to adjust the head 16 accordingly. The user can hold the head 16 with one hand and press down the rear cover 32 with the fingers of the other hand, and then activate the head 16 for free-running operation. This mechanical coupling provided by the user enables the control sensor 19 to sense the impact of the plunger, thereby generating a response pulse that can be used in the calibration process of the head 16 described above. Figures 12A to 12D A set of exemplary waveforms with phase relationships that can be used for this tuning are shown in the figure and described below.

[0065] Figure 7An exemplary embodiment of the nose cone 16 is depicted. In some embodiments, a control sensor 19 is housed between a rear plate 98 and a rear cover 32, the rear cover including a rear cover extension 94 configured to contact the control sensor 19. A rear cover ring 96 may be provided to prevent the rear cover extension 94 of the rear cover 32 from impacting the control sensor 19 when no force is applied to the rear cover 32. In some embodiments, the control sensor 19 may be configured to transmit a control signal indicating the force applied by the user to at least one processor 22. To set the optimal position of the magnet 72 based on the travel distance of the plunger 58, the center housing 34 may be adjusted to move the back plate 98 forward to obtain the maximum impact force, such as... Figure 6B As shown in the diagram. Once the backplate 98, the central housing 34, and the damping material 77 reach the desired positioning, the locking ring 49 can be secured to maintain that positioning. Thus, the backplate 98 can be secured in the desired positioning, allowing the plunger 58 to slightly impact the damping material 77 during retraction positioning during cycling.

[0066] As described below, the positioning of the backplate 98 relative to the plunger 58 can also be adjusted when using the control input from the foot pedal 18. When calibrating the head 16 using the foot pedal 18, reference will be made to... Figure 3C and Figure 5 However, in this example, any embodiment using the foot pedal 18 as a control input for calibration can be used. For example, the intermediate housing 38 is divided into front and rear portions, with the front portion 38a and the rear portion 38b connected by a set screw in the front portion to engage with a recess in the rear portion. The connection between the two portions of the intermediate housing 38 can be achieved using a set screw, cam, lever, or any other adjustable connection method. The split intermediate housing allows the stylus tube 42 to be oriented at any angle relative to the central housing 34, thereby advantageously enabling the user to select the stylus relative to the power line 90 (…). Figure 3C The preferred angle at which the piston 58 exits from the head 16 will not affect the calibration distance between the piston 58 and the intermediate impact device 48.

[0067] In some embodiments, the solenoid 54, as well as the plunger 58 and spring 70 and any connecting components thereof, can slide into the housing 30. The intermediate housing 38 can screw into the central housing 34 to lock the solenoid 54 and plunger 58 into place. Next, the stylus tube 42 can screw into the rear portion 38b of the intermediate housing to provide the intermediate impact device 48 at an optimal distance from the plunger 58. When provided at the optimal distance, normal operation as described above can be performed. For example, when the solenoid 54 is energized by a drive pulse, the plunger 58 (and magnet 72) moves toward the intermediate impact device 48 and impacts the intermediate impact device 48 before the plunger 58 impacts the solenoid 54. Therefore, almost all the energy supplied by the solenoid 54 to the plunger 58 (and magnet 72) is provided to the intermediate impact device 48. To optimize the impact force, the stylus tube 42 can be repeatedly screwed in and out until the impact force and time are optimal, as described in the embodiments below. As described above, the cycle here can be configured to 40 impacts per second, approximately 7 Newtons, although these values ​​are exemplary and any number of impacts and forces can be considered for various engraving materials and methods. Furthermore, as described above, housing 30 includes sidewall vents 44 configured to dissipate heat from the interior of head 16 during plunger 58 circulation.

[0068] In some embodiments, the foot pedal 18 operates in a similar or identical manner to the head unit controls. As described above, the user input described with respect to the control sensor 19 can also be provided in the foot pedal 18 in a similar manner, wherein the rear cover 32 is equivalent to the pedal 20 of the foot pedal 18, because, as described above, the control sensor 19 can be located in the foot pedal 18. Therefore, the operator does not need to apply force to the rear cover 32 by hand, but can instead apply force to the pedal 20 with their foot, generating the same or similar control signal to the solenoid 54.

[0069] Figures 8A to 8C , Figures 9A to 9D , Figures 11A to 11D and Figures 12A to 12DVarious embodiments of the start-up operation of the engraving machine system 10 are depicted. Typically, in some embodiments, the start-up operation can provide a drive pulse to the solenoid 54 of the head 16. This drive pulse can generate a strong magnetic field, pushing the plunger 58 to impact the intermediate impact device 48 at high speed (which, depending on the embodiment of the head 16, may be an anvil, impact plate, or stylus connector 46). The start-up operation can provide an idle time during which the solenoid 54 is not energized. The idle time allows a return spring in the solenoid 54 to push the plunger 58 away from the intermediate impact device 48. The start signal is preceded by the drive pulse and followed by the idle time. A control process is used where the duration of the drive signal is based on a predicted impact time, and the duration of the applied drive pulse does not exceed the time required to reduce heat generation. During the start-up operation, the drive pulse duration increases from zero to its maximum value, the start signal duration decreases from its maximum value to zero, and the idle time duration increases from zero to its maximum value. In response to the start-up operation, the plunger 58 initially remains in contact with the intermediate impact device 48. Then, as the duration of the start signal decreases and the duration of the idle time increases, the time period during which the plunger 58 lifts away from the intermediate impact device 48 increases, and the distance between the plunger 58 and the intermediate impact device 48 also increases at the end of each idle time. At the start of the drive pulse, the plunger 58 is driven back to the intermediate impact device 48, its speed increasing with the duration of the drive pulse. The start-up process transitions the plunger 58 from full contact with the intermediate impact device 48 to partial contact, while the impact force continuously increases. Throughout the start-up process, regardless of the impact force, the plunger 58 always impacts the anvil at a user-defined repetitive rate. This means that the sum of the corresponding durations of the drive pulse, the start signal, and the idle time will remain constant. The start-up operation described herein is as follows: Figures 8A to 8C As shown in the image. An alternative sequence for the drive pulse sequence used to achieve smooth head shutdown is shown below. Figures 9A to 9C As shown in the image.

[0070] Figure 10 An exemplary embodiment of a head 16 including a second coil is depicted. Another method to achieve smooth start-up in a head 16 including a permanent magnet (i.e., magnet 72) attached to the plunger 58 is to place a second coil 108 of wires at the rear of the head 16. This second coil may include a large series inductance to prevent rapid current changes caused by the movement of magnet 72 near the second coil 108. As shown, the second coil 108 can push the plunger 58 into the intermediate impact device 48 by repelling the permanent magnet 72, as shown by the second coil field 106 and the magnet coil 104. When a main drive pulse is applied to otherwise achieve movement in the piston, the repulsive current in the second coil 108 can be reduced until plunger movement is achieved. The process described herein and by... Figure 10The embodiment shown creates a process that provides a smooth start-up, ending when the current in the second coil 108 drops to zero, and enabling the plunger 58 to strike the intermediate impact device 48 with full power after each main drive pulse. This process can be completely reversed to provide an equally smooth head deactivation.

[0071] For a head 16 with a permanent magnet (e.g., magnet 72) attached to the plunger 58, the aforementioned starting signal and repulsion coil methods work well because the starting signal can be a low current or a low average current, and it can still drive the plunger 58 into the intermediate impact device 48. However, for a head 16 without a permanent magnet attached to the plunger 58, these methods either consume too much power or attract the plunger 58 instead of repelling it toward the intermediate impact device 48. For these types of head 16 (including the plunger 58), which comprises a base bare metal made of a magnetic metal but without a permanent magnet attached to the rear of the plunger 58 (although the plunger tip is typically made of a different non-magnetic metal such as aluminum), high-power impacts are possible, but smooth starts may be difficult to achieve. However, for a head 16 that includes a base plunger 58 (e.g., without a permanent magnet attached), some methods that provide smooth starts involve starting at a lower impact rate (e.g., 1200 impacts per minute instead of 2400 impacts per minute).

[0072] The movement of plunger 58 can be gradually increased from a standstill by increasing the duration of the drive pulse at a lower impact rate until plunger 58 begins to strike the intermediate impact device 48. At this lower impact rate, the start of the strike can be very smooth. After establishing a stronger strike, the duration of the drive pulse can remain constant, while the impact rate increases with pedal displacement or the force applied to the hand control sensor, resulting in more frequent strikes. A higher impact rate also gives the impression of a further increase in power; indeed, since power can be sustained at the rate of impact, increasing the impact rate in this case does increase power.

[0073] Once the desired impact rate is achieved in this process, the impact rate remains constant, and the duration of the drive pulses will begin to increase again as the foot pedal 18 is further displaced or a force is applied to the control sensor 19. When the value of the pedal 18 or control sensor 19 increases to its maximum value, the duration will increase to its maximum allowable value, allowing the head 16 to smoothly reach and maintain maximum power, the duration depending on the user's expectations. As the foot pedal 18 or control sensor 19 is gradually released, the aforementioned process is reversed until the movement of the plunger 58 stops. When adjusting the impact rate, it is important to gradually change the time between drive pulses in order to create a continuous pulse sequence of constant duration, thereby controlling the main drive circuit of the solenoid 54 coil. It is also important to keep the impact rate constant when increasing or decreasing the pulse duration (essentially, based on the control input of the foot pedal 18 or control sensor 19, to start the drive pulses at fixed intervals defined by the impact rate as the pulse duration increases or decreases). The key element of this method is to avoid hysteresis when the plunger 58 engages with the intermediate impact device 48 at high impact rates by: changing the kinetic energy of the plunger 58 only at low impact rates (between low and high kinetic energy), where there is sufficient time for the bounce of the plunger 58 to decay before it can significantly affect the movement of the plunger 58 at low kinetic energy, thus preventing intermittent engagement or sudden periodic engagement of the plunger 58 with the intermediate impact device 48; and changing the impact rate of the plunger 58 only at high kinetic energy (where the plunger impacts the intermediate impact device 48 in a stable and periodic manner), where the high kinetic energy of the plunger 58 can prevent intermittent engagement of the plunger 58 with the intermediate impact device 48. The waveform of the drive signal to the solenoid 54 for these processes is shown in... Figures 11A to 11D (For startup) and Figures 12A to 12D (For deactivation) is shown. This process can also be achieved by changing the drive pulse voltage while keeping the drive pulse duration constant, or by a hybrid process in which both the drive pulse duration and the drive pulse voltage are changed to achieve smooth start-up and deactivation of the head 16. These methods of adjusting the impact rate of the head 16 during start-up and deactivation to achieve smooth operation are applicable to both the base plunger 58 (without a magnet attached) and the plunger 58 with a permanent magnet attached (i.e., magnet 72).

[0074] Figure 14A flowchart illustrating an exemplary startup procedure for an engraving machine system 10, reference number 1400, is depicted. In step 1402, a startup signal may weakly energize a solenoid to provide a weak magnetic field. This weak magnetic field provides a weak force on the plunger 58, keeping it pressed against the intermediate impact device 48. The startup signal is provided when the control box 12 supplies power to the head 16, but the foot pedal 18 or control sensor 19 is not engaged or is in a zero position. In step 1404, a weak drive pulse is transmitted to the head 16 when the operator provides input to the foot pedal 18 or control sensor 19. In step 1406, synchronized with step 1404, the startup signal begins to weaken. In step 1408, as the operator continues to depress the foot pedal 18 or control sensor 19, the startup signal continues to weaken, while the drive pulse continues to strengthen. These two changing signals cause the plunger to cycle back and forth between the intermediate impact device 48 and the anvil, moving away from the intermediate impact device, impacting the anvil with each cycle. As the two signals change (i.e., the start signal weakens and the drive pulse strengthens), the distance between the plunger 58 and the intermediate impact device 48 increases with each cycle. In step 1410, as the start signal is eliminated, the drive pulse reaches full intensity. At this point, the machine head 16 has entered normal operation as described below.

[0075] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating an exemplary operation of the head 16, reference numeral 1500, is depicted. This exemplary operation demonstrates the engraving cycle phase following the startup process. In step 1502, solenoid 54 receives a drive pulse. The drive pulse can be provided by control box 12, as described above. After the startup signal dissipates, solenoid 54 can receive the full drive pulse. Upon receiving the drive pulse, in step 1504, solenoid 54 can be energized to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field can surround solenoid 54 and interact with plunger 58, including magnet 72, as described in the embodiments above.

[0076] In step 1506, the plunger 58 can be accelerated from initial positioning to impact positioning by the force applied by the magnetic field generated from the solenoid 54. Because the magnetic poles of the magnet may be aligned with the magnetic field, the force includes at least the force applied to the plunger 58 and the force applied to the magnet 72.

[0077] In step 1508, the drive pulse stops shortly before the plunger 58 strikes the intermediate impact device 48. The momentum of the plunger 58 propels it into the intermediate impact device 48 and strikes it in the optimal manner in step 1510. Since the force has been removed, in step 1512, the spring force applied by the spring 70 retracts the plunger 58 back to its initial position. The operation restarts when the plunger reaches the rear cover screw 76 and is once again in its initial position. For example, this process repeats 40 times per second until the operator changes the setting of the foot pedal 18.

[0078] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating an alternative embodiment of the operation of the head 16, reference numeral 1600, is depicted. In step 1602, solenoid 54 receives a drive pulse. The drive pulse may be provided by control box 12, as described above. Upon receiving the drive pulse, the solenoid may be energized in step 1604 to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field may surround the solenoid to interact with plunger 58.

[0079] In step 1606, the force applied to the plunger 58 by the magnetic field of the solenoid 54 accelerates the plunger 58 away from the intermediate impact device 48, thereby stretching the spring 70 from its natural position. This force includes at least the force applied to the plunger 58.

[0080] In step 1608, the drive pulse stops and the magnetic field is eliminated. In some embodiments, circuit 92 increases the decay rate of the current in solenoid 54. Once there is no longer a force pushing the plunger 58 away from the intermediate impact device 48, in step 1610, the spring force pulls the plunger back to its initial position, and in step 1612, the plunger 58 strikes the intermediate impact device 48 in this position. The operation restarts when the control box 12 has determined that elapsed time has passed and a new drive pulse is needed to maintain the user-selected impact rate.

[0081] Clause 1. A carving machine head for engraving. The carving machine head includes a solenoid configured to generate a magnetic field when energized.

[0082] Clause 2. The engraving machine head as described in Clause 1, the engraving machine head further includes a plunger positioned adjacent to the solenoid.

[0083] Clause 3. The engraving machine head as described in Clause 2, the engraving machine head further includes a magnet coupled to the rear end of the plunger.

[0084] Clause 4. The engraving machine head according to Clause 3, wherein the plunger is configured to accelerate toward the central impact device under the force exerted on the plunger by the magnetic field of the solenoid.

[0085] Clause 5. The engraving machine head as described in Clause 4, wherein the plunger is configured to strike the intermediate impact device to transmit at least a portion of the force to the intermediate impact device for engraving.

[0086] Clause 6. The engraving machine head as described in Clause 5, the engraving machine head further includes a rear cover configured to adjust the initial positioning of the plunger.

[0087] Clause 7. The engraving machine head according to Clause 6, the engraving machine head further comprising: a spring configured to provide a restoring force to the plunger, wherein the restoring force pushes the plunger from the impact position to the initial position of the impact cycle.

[0088] Clause 8. The engraving machine head according to Clause 7, the engraving machine head further includes: an all-metal housing and one or more ventilation holes disposed in the all-metal housing, wherein the one or more ventilation holes are configured to provide airflow between the exterior and interior of the engraving machine head.

[0089] Clause 9. The engraving machine head according to Clause 8, wherein the one or more ventilation holes include a front ventilation hole and a rear ventilation hole, and wherein when the plunger moves forward, air is pushed out from the front ventilation hole and the air is drawn into the rear ventilation hole, and wherein when the plunger moves backward, air is pushed out from the rear ventilation hole and the air is drawn in through the front ventilation hole.

[0090] Clause 10. The engraving machine head according to Clause 6, the engraving machine head further includes: a heat insulation housing; and one or more ventilation holes disposed in the heat insulation housing.

[0091] Clause 11. The engraving machine head as described in Clause 10, wherein when the plunger moves, air is propelled and expelled from the interior of the engraving machine head through the one or more ventilation holes.

[0092] Clause 12. The engraving machine head as described in Clause 11, the engraving machine head further includes a damping material on the rear cover of the housing, the damping material being configured to absorb energy from the plunger during the return stroke.

[0093] Clause 13. The engraving machine head according to Clause 5, wherein the solenoid is configured to provide a weak magnetic field when a start signal is received, and the weak magnetic field causes the plunger to contact and remain in contact with the intermediate impact device, while the magnet provides a reduction in the current required to provide the weak magnetic field.

[0094] Clause 14. The engraving machine head according to Clause 5, wherein the solenoid is configured to provide a varying magnetic field, and wherein the varying magnetic field is turned on and off during startup to accelerate the plunger to the desired cycle duration and impact force.

[0095] Clause 15. The engraving machine head according to Clause 5, the engraving machine head further comprising: an intermediate housing screwed into a central housing, wherein the distance by which the intermediate housing is screwed into the central housing defines the distance and travel time of the plunger from cycle start positioning to cycle impact positioning.

[0096] Clause 16. A carving machine head for engraving. The carving machine head includes a solenoid configured to generate a magnetic field when energized.

[0097] Clause 17. The method of Clause 16, further comprising a plunger positioned adjacent to the solenoid.

[0098] Clause 18. The method of Clause 17, further comprising a spring configured to apply a spring force on the plunger.

[0099] Clause 19. The method according to Clause 18, wherein the plunger is configured to accelerate away from the intermediate impact device under the force exerted on the plunger by the magnetic field of the solenoid.

[0100] Clause 20. The method according to Clause 19, wherein the plunger is configured to transmit at least a portion of the force to the intermediate impact device by striking the intermediate impact device with the front end of the plunger.

[0101] Clause 21. A method for operating the head of an engraving machine. The method includes receiving drive pulses via a solenoid.

[0102] Clause 22. The method according to Clause 21, the method further comprising generating a magnetic field by the solenoid based on the drive pulse.

[0103] Clause 23. The method according to Clause 22, the method further comprising applying a force to the plunger by the magnetic field.

[0104] Clause 24. The method described in accordance with Clause 23, the method further comprising estimating the impact time of the plunger.

[0105] Clause 25. The method of Clause 24, further comprising eliminating the magnetic field at or near the time of impact based on input from a handheld control or pedal.

[0106] Clause 26. The method according to Clause 25, the method further comprising pushing the plunger away from the intermediate impact device by a spring force from a spring coupled to the plunger.

[0107] Clause 27. The method according to Clause 26, the method further comprising applying a magnetic force to a magnet coupled to the plunger, wherein the force applied to the plunger includes the magnetic force.

[0108] Clause 28. The method of Clause 27, further comprising preventing the plunger from moving away from the intermediate impact device by striking the adjustable screw of the rear cover.

[0109] Clause 29. The method according to Clause 28, wherein the distance the plunger travels from the intermediate impact device to the rear cover adjustable screw is defined by the setting of the rear cover adjustable screw and the solenoid positioning via the solenoid set screw, and is based on the impact force and impact time of the plunger on the intermediate impact device.

[0110] Clause 30. The method according to Clause 26, further comprising: receiving a start signal by the solenoid; maintaining the plunger in contact with the intermediate impact device by a force generated based on the start signal; and moving the plunger away from and back to the intermediate impact device in a cyclic motion based on the start signal and the drive pulse, wherein the distance between the plunger and the intermediate impact device increases with each cycle.

[0111] Clause 31. The method according to Clause 30, the method further comprising: receiving continuous user input from a user by the pedal; and generating the start signal by the pedal based on the continuous user input.

[0112] Clause 32. The method according to Clause 30, the method further comprising: receiving continuous user input from a user at the head input terminal; and generating the start signal in the solenoid based on the continuous user input.

[0113] Clause 33. The method according to Clause 26, the method further comprising providing a vent through the housing; moving the plunger in a first direction to push hot air from the interior of the housing to the exterior of the housing; and moving the plunger in a second direction to draw cold air from the exterior of the housing into the interior of the housing.

[0114] Although the invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be noted that equivalents and substitutions may be used without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A carving machine head for engraving, the carving machine head comprising: A solenoid configured to generate a magnetic field when energized; A plunger, positioned adjacent to the solenoid; as well as A magnet, the magnet being coupled to the rear end of the plunger; The plunger is configured to accelerate toward the intermediate impact device under the force exerted on it by the magnetic field of the solenoid, and The plunger is configured to strike the intermediate impact device to transmit at least a portion of the force to the intermediate impact device for engraving.

2. The engraving machine head according to claim 1, the engraving machine head further comprising a rear cover configured to adjust the initial positioning of the plunger.

3. The engraving machine head according to claim 2, wherein the engraving machine head further comprises: A spring, configured to provide a restoring force to the plunger, The restoring force pushes the plunger from the impact position to the initial position of the impact cycle.

4. The engraving machine head according to claim 2, wherein the engraving machine head further comprises: The all-metal housing and one or more ventilation holes are disposed within the all-metal housing. The one or more ventilation holes are configured to provide airflow between the exterior and interior of the engraving machine head.

5. The engraving machine head according to claim 4, The one or more ventilation openings mentioned above include front ventilation openings and rear ventilation openings. As the plunger moves forward, air is expelled from the front vent and drawn into the rear vent. As the plunger moves backward, air is pushed out from the rear vent and drawn in through the front vent.

6. The engraving machine head according to claim 2, wherein the engraving machine head further comprises: Insulated housing; as well as One or more ventilation holes are provided in the heat insulation housing.

7. The engraving machine head according to claim 6, wherein when the plunger moves, air is propelled and expelled from the interior of the engraving machine head through the one or more ventilation holes.

8. The engraving machine head of claim 7, further comprising a damping material on the rear cover of the housing, the damping material being configured to absorb energy from the plunger during the return stroke.

9. The engraving machine head according to claim 1, The solenoid is configured to provide a weak magnetic field upon receiving a start signal, and The weak magnetic field causes the plunger to contact and remain in contact with the intermediate impact device, while the magnet provides a reduction in the current required to create the weak magnetic field.

10. The engraving machine head according to claim 1, The solenoid is configured to provide a varying magnetic field, and The changing magnetic field is turned on and off during startup to accelerate the plunger to the desired cycle duration and impact force.

11. The engraving machine head according to claim 1, wherein the engraving machine head further comprises: The intermediate shell, which is screwed into the central shell, The distance by which the intermediate housing is screwed into the central housing defines the distance and travel time of the plunger from the cycle start positioning to the cycle impact positioning.

12. A carving machine head for engraving, the carving machine head comprising: A solenoid configured to generate a magnetic field when energized; A plunger, positioned adjacent to the solenoid; as well as A spring, configured to apply a spring force to the plunger, The plunger is configured to accelerate away from the intermediate impact device under the force exerted on it by the magnetic field of the solenoid, and The plunger is configured to transmit at least a portion of the force to the intermediate impact device by striking the intermediate impact device with the tip of the plunger.

13. A method for operating the head of an engraving machine, the method comprising: The drive pulse is received by the solenoid; The solenoid generates a magnetic field based on the driving pulse; The magnetic field applies a force to the plunger; Estimate the impact time of the plunger; The magnetic field is eliminated at or near the impact time based on input from a handheld control or pedal. as well as The plunger is pushed away from the intermediate impact device by a spring force from a spring coupled to the plunger.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: A magnetic force is applied to the magnet coupled to the plunger. The force applied to the plunger includes the magnetic force.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising preventing the plunger from moving away from the intermediate impact device by striking the adjustable screw of the rear cover.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the distance traveled by the plunger from the intermediate impact device to the rear cover adjustable screw is defined by the setting of the rear cover adjustable screw and the solenoid positioning via the solenoid set screw, and is based on the impact force and impact time of the plunger on the intermediate impact device.

17. The method of claim 13, further comprising: The start signal is received by the solenoid; The plunger is kept in contact with the intermediate impact device by the force generated based on the activation signal; as well as Based on the start signal and the drive pulse, the plunger moves away from the intermediate impact device and returns to the intermediate impact device in a cyclical motion. The distance between the plunger and the intermediate impact device increases with each cycle.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising: The pedal receives continuous user input from the user; as well as The start signal is generated by the pedal based on continuous input from the user.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising: The machine head input terminal receives continuous user input from the user. as well as The start signal is generated in the solenoid based on continuous input from the user.

20. The method of claim 13, further comprising: Provide ventilation holes through the housing; By moving the plunger in the first direction, hot air is pushed from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing; as well as By moving the plunger in the second direction, cold air is drawn from the outside of the housing into the inside of the housing.

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