High-speed light leaf vegetable cleaning and packaging integrated machine

Abstract

This invention relates to a high-speed, lightweight integrated clean packaging machine for leafy vegetables, comprising: a vibrating conveyor mechanism; an air-separating device; a differential swing mechanism; a vision module; a swing wheel mechanism; a vegetable collection device; a packaging mechanism; a heat-sealing mechanism; and a bag-discharging device. The air-separating device achieves sorting based on the differences in material quality and volume; the differential swing mechanism completes passive posture correction of leafy vegetables through multi-conveyor belt differential conveying; and a three-stage screening and rejection system integrating visual recognition and a swing wheel assembly. It combines double-layer heat sealing and bag cutting with inertial pushing for packaging. Targeting mud, loose leaves, and yellowing leaves, it deeply couples physical sieving, airflow sorting, mechanical differential correction, and machine vision decision-making. The machine has a compact structure, a reasonable modular layout, and reduced manufacturing costs. It is suitable for lightweight applications such as small and medium-sized supermarkets and regional distribution centers in urban and rural areas, filling the market gap for clean packaging equipment for small and medium-sized leafy vegetables and reducing reliance on manual labor and waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of leafy vegetable processing technology, specifically to a high-speed, lightweight integrated machine for clean packaging of leafy vegetables. Background Technology

[0002] Leafy vegetables are vegetables whose products are tender leaves. They have the characteristics of long planting period, short growing period, large yield, and are rich in a variety of vitamins and minerals, making them the most common vegetables on the dining table.

[0003] The production process of leafy vegetables has been transformed from manual to mechanized. Currently, the harvesting process is dominated by hand-held, unregulated leaf harvesting machinery. However, post-harvest processing of leafy vegetables is a key node in the vegetable industry chain and must be completed in a short period of time. Otherwise, it is easy to cause significant economic losses due to rotting and spoilage.

[0004] Currently, there is a significant equipment gap in the industry: large-scale production lines are efficient but costly, manual processing is inefficient and lacks standardization, and there is a severe shortage of small and medium-sized clean packaging machinery for leafy vegetables targeting urban and rural supermarkets. Furthermore, in the initial processing of leafy vegetables, i.e., clean packaging, manual labor is still required as a connecting link between the vegetable cleaning machine and the packaging machine for loading and unloading materials, resulting in weak continuity (e.g., separate washing machines, dryers, and packaging machines). For example, Chinese patent CN2025114287683 discloses a clean packaging machine for leafy vegetables, which uses a process of root removal, washing away mud and sand, removing yellow leaves, dehydration, and packaging. This requires the initially placed leafy vegetables to be in a regular orientation to facilitate root removal, and is not suitable for irregularly arranged or piled leafy vegetables.

[0005] For example, CN202410558326X discloses a fully automatic leafy vegetable harvesting and baling machine, which is designed for leafy vegetable harvesting and achieves neat and quantitative baling. By clamping the conveyor belt, the posture of the conveyed leafy vegetables is changed from vertical to horizontal, which facilitates subsequent baling.

[0006] The aforementioned equipment cannot meet the needs for small-scale, automated, clean packaging of irregular leafy vegetables such as Shanghai bok choy, romaine lettuce, and Chinese cabbage. The integrated machine of this invention enables the entire process of leafy vegetables from feeding and cleaning to packaging to be automated, continuous, and without human intervention. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-speed, lightweight integrated machine for clean packaging of leafy vegetables. Targeting the physical characteristics and processing requirements of leafy vegetables, a multi-stage progressive intelligent processing architecture for clean packaging is proposed, consisting of "vibration—air separation—differential swaying—visual sway wheel." Specifically, it includes a vibration conveyor mechanism equipped with a dual-axis inertial exciter, an air separation device that sorts based on the material's mass and volume differences, a differential swaying mechanism that passively corrects the leafy vegetables' posture through multi-conveyor belt differential conveying, and a three-stage screening and rejection system integrating visual recognition and a sway wheel assembly; combined with double-layer heat-sealing and bag cutting, and packaging using inertial pushing.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-speed, lightweight leafy vegetable cleaning and packaging integrated machine, the integrated machine comprising: Vibrating conveyor 10 serves as a feeding bin for leafy vegetables and vibrates and screens the leafy vegetables before conveying them to the air separator 20. The air separation device utilizes the differences in the quality and volume of leafy vegetables to perform secondary screening and blow the vegetables onto the differential swing mechanism 30. The differential swing mechanism receives leafy vegetables after they have been screened according to their own physical properties and transports them to the swing wheel mechanism 40 by adjusting the position of the leafy vegetables through the differential control of the multi-stage conveying channel. The swing wheel mechanism, combined with the vision module, performs three-stage screening and orientation of leafy vegetables. Qualified products are transported to the vegetable collection device, while unqualified products are removed. The vegetable collection device collects leafy vegetables, which are then bagged by the packaging mechanism and discharged by the bag-discharging device, completing the clean packaging process. The heat-sealing mechanism cuts and heat-seales raw material bags to provide outer packaging for leafy vegetables.

[0009] Furthermore, the vibrating conveying mechanism 10 includes a first vibrating motor, a second vibrating motor, a vibrating frame 12, a spring 13, a pen-shaped cylinder 14, an outlet plate 15, a perforated sieve plate 16, and a soil collection tray 17. The first and second vibrating motors are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the vibrating frame 12 at the same inclination angle. The vibrating frame has a discharge port on one side and a suction tray opening on the other side. The perforated sieve plate 16 is installed inside the vibrating frame and above the suction tray opening, serving as a storage bin and a channel for the screening process. The outlet plate 15 is hinged to the perforated sieve plate near the discharge port. One end of the pen-shaped cylinder 14 is fixed to the bottom of the vibrating frame, and the other end is fixed to the bottom of the outlet plate 15. The linear displacement of the pen-shaped cylinder causes the outlet plate 15 to rotate around a fixed axis by a certain angle. When the pen-shaped cylinder 14 extends, the outlet plate 15 rotates upward around the fixed axis to prevent leafy vegetables from falling. When the pen-shaped cylinder 14 retracts, the plane of the outlet plate 15 and the plane of the perforated sieve plate are in the same plane, allowing the leafy vegetables to pass through. The soil collection plate 17 is set below the screen plate inside the vibrating frame, and the soil collection plate can be pulled out of the vibrating frame through the extraction port; the bottom of the vibrating frame is equipped with a spring 13 and is supported on the machine frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the air separation device 20 includes a fan 21, a T-shaped pipe 22, a ventilation hose 23, an air outlet support 24, a cross connection plate 25, a first straight pipe 26, a second straight pipe 27, an air outlet 28, and an air separation discharge plate 29; the fan 21 is fixed to the bottom of the machine frame and is connected to two air outlets 28 through the T-shaped pipe 22, four straight pipes, and two ventilation hoses 23; the air separation discharge plate 29 is installed on the front side of the two air outlets through an inclined frame; the T-shaped pipe 22, four straight pipes, and two ventilation hoses 23 form a rectangular structure, and are connected by bends at the corners of the rectangle; The air-separating discharge plate 29 receives qualified materials after air separation, and leafy vegetables that meet the air separation requirements can be air-separated and fall onto the air-separating discharge plate from the outlet plate; the air outlet 28 is fixed on the air outlet support 24, and the air outlet support 24 is fixed to the cross connecting plate and rotates with the cross connecting plate 25 to adjust the air outlet direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-connecting plate 25 is located at the middle position on the side near the outlet plate 15 and is fixed to the whole machine frame by a connector; the cross-connecting plate 25 is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove and a profile that slides along the arc-shaped sliding groove; the air outlet support 24 has a symmetrical structure, including a base plate and two support ears symmetrically installed on the base plate. The two support ears are respectively sleeved on the two air outlets, and the center of the base plate is fixedly connected to the profile, so that the air outlet support can rotate with the cross-connecting plate, thereby adjusting the air outlet direction of the two air outlets; The process of determining the wind force of the fan is as follows: based on the smaller weight of the whole leafy vegetables in the current batch, the maximum wind force is set, and the minimum wind force is set according to the weight of the single leafy vegetables. Within the range of the maximum and minimum wind force, the single leaves or impurities can be blown away while the whole leafy vegetables are preserved. The air outlet is located at the bottom end of the outlet plate 15 of the vibrating conveyor mechanism. The shape of the air outlet 28 is round to square, so that the air flow at the outlet is in a near rectangular cross-section shape.

[0012] Furthermore, the differential swing mechanism 30 includes a speed-regulating motor, a transmission bracket 38, two transmission shafts, a first synchronous belt transmission group, a second synchronous belt transmission group, a third synchronous belt transmission group, three conveyor belts, guardrails, and partition plates; the three conveyor belts 320 are arranged side by side without gaps, and the ends of the three conveyor belts on the side away from the outlet plate of the vibrating conveying mechanism are aligned in the same direction; the conveying direction of the conveyor belts is from the discharge port side to the tray opening side, and the conveying speed of the two side conveyor belts is faster than that of the middle conveyor belt; a photoelectric switch is installed at the discharge end of the conveyor belt; The guardrails 36 are installed on the outer sides of the conveyor belts on both sides to prevent materials from falling off; the partition plate 37 includes a first partition plate and a second partition plate. The first partition plate and the second partition plate have the same shape and structure, each including a shorter straight plate and a longer inclined plate. The two straight plates stand upright above the conveyor belt and are arranged in parallel. One end of the two inclined plates is connected to their respective straight plates, and the other end of the two inclined plates is directly connected to each other, so that the first partition plate and the second partition plate are installed above the conveyor belt in a mirror image with the axis of the middle conveyor belt. The two inclined plates connected together with the guardrail form a partition that can separate the passage and limit the movement of leafy vegetables. A transmission bracket 38 is installed at the bottom of the outlet plate side of the differential swing mechanism near the vibrating conveying mechanism. The speed regulating motor 39 is installed on the transmission bracket. The two transmission shafts 351 are coaxially connected through a coupling 311 to form a whole shaft. Two second synchronous belt drive groups 34 are responsible for controlling the output speed of the conveyor belts on both sides. Each synchronous belt drive group includes a synchronous pulley and a corresponding synchronous belt. The two second synchronous belt drive groups 34 are located at the two ends of the shaft. The first synchronous belt drive group 33 is connected to the output shaft of the speed regulating motor 39 on one hand and to the main shaft on the other hand to perform speed reduction transmission. The rotation of the speed regulating motor is transferred to the main shaft through the first synchronous belt drive group, and then the power is transmitted to the conveyor belts on both sides through the two second synchronous belt drive groups, and the power is transmitted to the middle conveyor belt through the third synchronous belt drive group. The transmission ratio of the second synchronous belt drive group on both sides is different from that of the third synchronous belt drive group that controls the middle conveyor belt. The conveyor belts on both sides perform speed-increasing transmission. One end of the third synchronous belt drive group is fixed to the main shaft, and the other end is fixed to the middle conveyor belt. The middle conveyor belt performs speed-reducing transmission.

[0013] Furthermore, the vision module is fixed above the swing wheel mechanism and communicates with the host computer to count the yield rate of leafy vegetables and send the results to the host computer. The integrated machine also includes a main control unit, which is connected to each drive component and sensor to transmit signals to adjust the running rhythm. An outlet plate is set in the vibration conveying mechanism. The pen-shaped cylinder communicates with the main control unit and periodically opens and closes to transform the disordered leafy vegetables into rhythmic, certain quantities of falling material, thereby achieving controllable material falling.

[0014] Furthermore, the balance wheel mechanism 40 includes a closed-loop stepper motor 41 and a long shaft 42 mounted on the output shaft of the closed-loop stepper motor. The upper end of the long shaft is fixedly connected to the upper balance wheel actuation component. The closed-loop stepper motor is used to drive the long shaft to rotate, causing the upper balance wheel actuation component to oscillate as a whole and rotate by a preset angle.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper balance wheel actuation assembly includes a mounting guide frame 45, a driven wheel 44, a driving wheel 48, and a DC geared motor 46. The two driven wheels are respectively disposed on both sides of the driving wheel. The outer circumferential surface of the driving wheel is pressed against the outer circumferential surfaces of the two driven wheels to form a friction transmission pair. The DC geared motor is connected to the driving wheel for driving the driving wheel to rotate. The driving wheel drives the two driven wheels to rotate through friction. The mounting guide frame includes an upper guide section for guiding fruits and vegetables and a middle mounting section for mounting the driven wheel, the driving wheel and the DC geared motor. The upper parts of the two driven wheels are exposed in the conveying channel of the upper guide section, and the distance between the edges of the two driven wheels along the conveying direction in the conveying channel is less than the equivalent length of a single leafy vegetable to be conveyed.

[0016] Furthermore, the leafy vegetables are swung into the swing wheel mechanism 40 in a position parallel to the conveyor belt's transport direction by the differential swing mechanism 30. The vision module, used in conjunction with the swing wheel mechanism, is used to determine whether the leafy vegetables are diseased, have yellow leaves, are frostbitten, and the orientation of the leaf roots. After the photoelectric switch at the end of the differential swing mechanism 30 is triggered, the vision module crops the image into two ROI regions and uses the YOLO algorithm to detect the target in each region. For a certain ROI, once the detection results "whole vegetable" and "leaf vegetable" identification flags appear, it is determined that this ROI contains a "leaf vegetable" object in this swing wheel channel. At the same time, the pixel coordinates of the rectangle position of the detected "whole vegetable" in the ROI are extracted and compared with the coordinates of the center point of the set center image to determine the relative position of the leaves and roots. If the orientation of the leafy vegetables does not conform to the set parameters, the closed-loop stepper motor 41 of the swing wheel mechanism is driven to rotate 180° to install the guide frame 45. The leafy vegetables, after being screened in three stages, are fed into the conveying device 54 by the swing wheel mechanism 40. A photoelectric switch is installed at the end of the conveying device 54, near the vegetable collection box 51, to count the leafy vegetables. When a certain number of leafy vegetables have passed through, the main control unit controls the vegetable collection conveyor belt motor 540 in the vegetable collection device to stop or slow down. The leafy vegetables enter through the vegetable collection inlet 510 of the vegetable collection box 51. The vegetable collection box 51 is fixed on the rodless cylinder 53 and moves linearly back and forth with the rodless cylinder 53. The pneumatic vibrator 52 is fixed at the tail of the vegetable collection box 51. When the leafy vegetables enter the stage, the pneumatic vibrator 52 is in operation. The pneumatic vibrator 52 provides excitation force to the vegetable collection box in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the vibrator support 56, so as to achieve the purpose of arranging the leafy vegetables neatly.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention integrates vibrating screening, air separation for impurity removal, differential speed position adjustment, visual grading with a swing wheel, vegetable collection and arrangement, and packaging heat sealing into a closed-loop, unmanned "feeding-cleaning-packaging" operation. It utilizes a three-stage vibrating screen, a two-stage air separation based on material quality and volume differences for impurity removal, and a three-stage visual identification of defects (e.g., if defective leafy vegetables are visually identified, the swing wheel mechanism rotates 90° to remove them, essentially discarding the entire vegetable). This combination achieves three-stage screening and cleaning, ensuring a high yield of leafy vegetables and efficient processing.

[0018] This invention utilizes a differential speed swaying mechanism, a swing wheel mechanism, and a vision module to passively correct the posture of leafy vegetables through differential speed conveying via multiple conveyor belts, meeting the requirement of consistent head and tail orientation during leafy vegetable packaging. The system, composed of a vision module (ensuring consistent head and tail orientation in bagging) and a swing wheel mechanism, is used to determine the defect rate of leafy vegetables and adjust their posture. Specifically, it employs a differential speed swaying mechanism (where the leafy vegetables are longitudinally parallel to the conveyor belt's transport direction) combined with differential speed conveying via multiple conveyor belts and conveyor channel limiting baffles (such as partitions 37 and guardrails 36) to achieve a 180° passive posture correction of the leafy vegetables (i.e., the longitudinal direction of the leafy vegetables is parallel to the conveyor belt's transport direction), along with a vision module and swing wheel assembly to adjust the orientation of the leafy vegetables' roots and leaves. This ensures that the leafy vegetables achieve natural alignment and orderly arrangement before collection, increasing bagging density, reducing gaps, and suppressing crush damage. Existing technologies often rely on manual placement or robotic arms, which are costly. This invention utilizes the speed difference created by the differential speed conveyor belts, allowing the leafy vegetables to passively complete initial alignment during movement using their own physical differences in root and leaf orientation. Then, the vision module and swing wheel mechanism only perform a 180° flip adjustment on leafy vegetables with abnormal orientation.

[0019] The invention features a compact overall structure, a reasonable modular layout, and reduced manufacturing costs. It is suitable for lightweight applications such as small and medium-sized supermarkets and regional distribution centers in urban and rural areas, filling the market gap for clean packaging equipment for small and medium-sized leafy vegetables and reducing reliance on manual labor and waste.

[0020] This invention employs a multi-stage, progressive intelligent processing architecture for leafy vegetables, involving "vibration—air separation—differential swaying—visual sway wheel," targeting muddy, loose, and yellowed leaves. It deeply couples physical sieving, airflow sorting, mechanical differential correction, and machine vision decision-making. It uses bag packaging and presents the raw materials in a disordered, soil-cut state before processing. This addresses the current trend of supermarkets primarily using bag packaging for leafy vegetables, which can slow down moisture evaporation, reduce respiration, improve freshness, extend shelf life, and reduce natural spoilage. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the high-speed lightweight leafy vegetable clean packaging integrated machine of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration conveying mechanism in this invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the vibration conveying mechanism, the differential swing mechanism, and the air separation device in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline connection structure of an air separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air outlet and air-separated material discharge plate of an air separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the differential swing mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the differential swing mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the vegetable collecting device and the balance wheel mechanism in this invention. Figure 9 for Figure 7 An enlarged structural diagram of the packaging box; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the packaging mechanism, the heat sealing mechanism, and the bag dispensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the cross-connecting plate and the air outlet in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the guide frame and the support plate in the balance wheel mechanism of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the circular open flange and the support plate in the balance wheel mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the driving wheel and the driven wheel in the balance wheel mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: Vibrating conveyor 10, air separation device 20, differential swing mechanism 30, swing wheel mechanism 40, vegetable collection device 50, bag discharge device 60, packaging mechanism 70, heat sealing mechanism 80; vibrating motor 11, vibrating frame 12, spring 13, pen-shaped cylinder 14, outlet plate 15, sieve plate 16, soil collection tray 17. 21. Fan, 22. T-shaped pipe, 23. Ventilation hose, 24. Air outlet support, 25. Cross connection plate, 26. First straight pipe, 27. Second straight pipe, 28. Air outlet, 29. Air classifier discharge plate; First conveyor belt 31, second conveyor belt 32, third conveyor belt 320, first synchronous belt drive group 33, second synchronous belt drive group 34, first drive shaft 350, second drive shaft 351, guardrail 36, partition plate 37, transmission bracket 38, speed regulating motor 39, bearing support 310, coupling 311; Closed-loop stepper motor 41, long shaft 42, circular open flange 43, driven wheel 44, mounting guide frame 45, DC geared motor 46, support base 47, driving wheel 48, support plate 49; vegetable collection box 51, pneumatic vibrator 52, rodless cylinder 53, conveying device 54, vibrator support 56, I-shaped connecting plate 57, vegetable collection inlet 510, vegetable collection outlet 511, vegetable collection conveyor belt motor 540. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] This invention discloses a high-speed, lightweight leafy vegetable clean packaging integrated machine, which integrates nine functional units: a vibration conveying mechanism, an air separation device, a differential swing mechanism, a vision module, a swing wheel mechanism, a vegetable collection device, a packaging mechanism, a heat sealing mechanism, and a bag dispensing device. It forms a fully enclosed, uninterrupted, and unattended clean packaging closed-loop process from feeding—vibration primary screening—air-powered secondary screening—differential attitude adjustment—visual three-level precise sorting and orientation—vegetable collection—automatic bag opening and unloading—bag pressing and positioning—heat sealing and shearing—finished product output.

[0026] This invention addresses industry problems such as the lack of small and medium-sized leafy vegetable processing equipment, fragmented processing procedures, and high reliance on manual labor. It provides a continuous automated solution from impurity removal, sorting, and sorting to packaging. The integrated equipment consists of vibrating soil screening, air separation for impurity removal, differential swing, visual recognition, swing wheel correction, vegetable collection and bagging, and heat sealing, forming a full-process processing system suitable for light-duty and high-speed scenarios.

[0027] This invention discloses a high-speed, lightweight integrated clean packaging machine for leafy vegetables. It integrates vibrating soil screening, air separation for impurity removal, differential swinging, visual sorting, vegetable collection and arrangement, and heat sealing packaging into a single machine, forming a closed-loop process for clean packaging of leafy vegetables. This fills the gap in equipment availability for small and medium-sized urban and rural supermarkets. The three-stage composite screening and cleaning system, combined with differential swinging and visual collaborative posture adjustment using a swing wheel, achieves two levels of posture control—passive alignment and active correction—by utilizing the speed difference of the conveyor belt. The entire machine uses standard industrial components, can replace manual labor, and has clear application value.

[0028] In this invention, a vibrating conveyor mechanism is used to achieve efficient separation of the initial screening and soil from the feed material; a differential swing mechanism is used to induce the leafy vegetables to adaptively flip, flatten, and orient themselves through a speed gradient. The vegetable collection device integrates rodless cylinder linear pushing and pneumatic vibrator excitation, so that the leafy vegetables are automatically and tightly arranged in the collection box, achieving flexible bag support and multi-point pressure balance during packaging. This invention solves the long-standing technical problems of insufficient cleanliness, high bagging failure rate due to messy leafy vegetable stacking, excessive manual intervention in the packaging process, low equipment integration, and difficulty in balancing high speed and lightweight design in small and medium-sized clean packaging equipment for leafy vegetables. The integrated machine of this invention has a processing speed equivalent to that of two to three people, featuring high speed; the whole machine is about 1.35m long, 1.1m wide, and 1.1m high, which is smaller in size than large machinery on factory assembly lines, belonging to small and medium-sized automated processing equipment, and featuring lightweight design.

[0029] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a high-speed, lightweight leafy vegetable clean packaging integrated machine, comprising: a vibration conveying mechanism; an air separation device; a differential swing mechanism; a vision module; a swing wheel mechanism; a vegetable collection device; a packaging mechanism; a heat sealing mechanism; and a bag dispensing device.

[0030] The vibrating conveyor 10 serves as a feeding bin for leafy vegetables and vibrates and screens the leafy vegetables before conveying them to the air separator 20. The air separation device utilizes the difference in quality and volume of leafy vegetables (the volume difference is related to the wind-receiving surface of the leafy vegetables) to perform secondary screening of the leafy vegetables and blow them onto the differential swing mechanism 30. The differential swing mechanism receives the leafy vegetables after they have been screened according to their own physical properties and adjusts their position through differential control of the conveying channel to transport them to the swing wheel mechanism 40. The swing wheel mechanism, combined with the vision module, performs three-stage screening and orientation of leafy vegetables. Qualified products are transported to the vegetable collection device, while unqualified products are removed. The vegetable collecting device collects leafy vegetables, which are then bagged by the packaging mechanism and discharged by the bag discharging device, completing the clean packaging process.

[0031] The heat-sealing mechanism cuts and heat-seales the raw material bag to provide an outer packaging bag for leafy vegetables.

[0032] Example 2 In this embodiment, the vibrating conveying mechanism 10 includes a first vibrating motor, a second vibrating motor, a vibrating frame 12, a spring 13, a pen-shaped cylinder 14, an outlet plate 15, a perforated sieve plate 16, and a soil collection tray 17. The first and second vibrating motors are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the vibrating frame 12 at the same inclination angle. One side of the vibrating frame has a discharge port, and the other side has a suction port. The perforated sieve plate 16 is installed inside the vibrating frame and above the suction port, serving as a storage bin and a channel for the screening process. The outlet plate 15 is hinged to the side of the perforated sieve plate near the discharge port. The pen-shaped cylinder 14 is fixed at one end to the bottom of the vibrating frame by a fixed support, and the other end is fixed to the bottom of the outlet plate 15. The linear displacement of the pen-shaped cylinder allows the outlet plate 15 to rotate around a fixed axis at a certain angle. When the pen-shaped cylinder 14 extends, the outlet plate 15 rotates upward around the fixed axis to prevent leafy vegetables from falling. When the pen-shaped cylinder 14 retracts, the plane of the outlet plate 15 and the plane of the perforated sieve plate are in the same plane, allowing leafy vegetables to pass through. Figure 2 As shown, the outlet plate 15 is in the open state at this time, and the pen-shaped cylinder is retracted.

[0033] In this embodiment, the angle between the axis of the vibrating motor and the horizontal plane is 25° (generally 20°~30°), and the angle between the screen plate and the horizontal plane is 5° (generally 5°~15°). The vibrating screen composed of the screen plate and the vibrating motor used in this embodiment adopts a dual-axis inertial exciter, which can adjust the vibration frequency of the vibrating motor through the control system.

[0034] The soil collection plate 17 is set below the screen plate inside the vibrating frame, and the soil collection plate can be pulled out of the vibrating frame through the extraction port; the bottom of the vibrating frame is equipped with a spring 13 and is supported on the machine frame.

[0035] The air classifier 20 includes a fan 21, a T-shaped pipe 22, a ventilation hose 23, an air outlet support 24, a cross-connecting plate 25, a first straight pipe 26, a second straight pipe 27, an air outlet 28, and an air classifier discharge plate 29. The fan 21 is fixed to the bottom of the machine frame and connected to two air outlets 28 via the T-shaped pipe 22, four straight pipes (26 and 27), and two ventilation hoses 23. The air classifier discharge plate 29 is installed on the front side of the two air outlets via an inclined frame. The T-shaped pipe 22, four straight pipes (26 and 27), and two ventilation hoses 23 form a rectangular structure, which is connected by bends at the corners of the rectangle.

[0036] The air outlet 28 is fixed to the air outlet support 24 (see...). Figure 11The air outlet support 24 can rotate with the cross-connecting plate 25 to adjust the air outlet direction. The cross-connecting plate 25 is located in the middle of the side near the outlet plate 15 and is fixed to the frame of the whole machine by a connector. The cross-connecting plate 25 is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove and a profile that slides along the arc-shaped sliding groove. The air outlet support 24 has a symmetrical structure, including a base plate and two support ears symmetrically installed on the base plate. The two support ears are respectively sleeved on the two air outlets. The center of the base plate is fixedly connected to the profile, so that the air outlet support can rotate with the cross-connecting plate, thereby adjusting the air outlet direction of the two air outlets.

[0037] An inclined frame is installed in front of the air outlet 28, and an air-separating discharge plate 29 is installed inclined on the inclined frame to receive qualified materials after air separation. Leafy vegetables that meet the air separation requirements exiting the outlet plate can be air-separated and fall onto the air-separating discharge plate. The air separation process blows away single leaves or impurities, thus retaining whole leafy vegetables (not single leaves). The process of determining the wind force is as follows: based on the smaller mass of whole leafy vegetables in the current batch, the maximum wind force is set, and the minimum wind force is set based on the mass of single leafy vegetables. Within the range of the maximum and minimum wind forces, single leaves or impurities can be blown away while whole leafy vegetables are retained.

[0038] A T-shaped pipe is used to connect to the outlet of the fan 21, dividing the fan airflow into two channels. The T-shaped pipe is connected to the second straight pipe 27, and the other end of the second straight pipe is connected to a bend. The second straight pipe is fixed by a support base installed on the bottom plate of the overall frame. One end of the first straight pipe 26 is connected to the bend, and the other end is connected to the ventilation hose 23 through another bend. The ventilation hose 23 is finally connected to the air outlet 28. The above-mentioned pipe routing is distributed on both sides of the outside of the frame, which makes the airflow in the channels relatively uniform and solves the space layout problem at the same time.

[0039] The air outlets are located at the bottom end of the outlet plate 15, with two symmetrically distributed air outlets 28. The air outlets 28 concentrate the airflow, resulting in a near-rectangular cross-section shape. Therefore, the shape of the air outlets 28 is round turning to square, with a dense strip-like area, ensuring that all leafy vegetables, such as Shanghai bok choy, baby bok choy, romaine lettuce, and Chinese cabbage, are simultaneously affected by the airflow. Irregularly arranged airflow does not utilize impurity removal. The air outlets 28 are fixed to the air outlet support 24 and can rotate within the arc-shaped trajectory of the cross-connecting plate 25 to adjust the airflow direction. After being vibrated by the vibrating conveyor mechanism 10, the leafy vegetables are filtered by the airflow from the air outlets 28.

[0040] The differential swing mechanism 30 includes a speed-regulating motor, a transmission bracket 38, a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a first synchronous belt transmission group, a second synchronous belt transmission group, a third synchronous belt transmission group, a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, a third conveyor belt, a guardrail, a first partition plate, and a second partition plate. The first conveyor belt 31, the second conveyor belt 32, and the third conveyor belt 320 are arranged side-by-side without gaps, with the first conveyor belt 31 located in the middle. The second and third conveyor belts 320 are installed on both sides of the first conveyor belt, ensuring that the ends of the three conveyor belts away from the outlet plate of the vibrating conveyor mechanism are aligned. The conveying direction of the conveyor belts is from the discharge port side to the tray opening side. The conveying speed of the two side conveyor belts (the second and third conveyor belts) is faster than the conveying speed of the middle conveyor belt (the first conveyor belt 31). A photoelectric switch is installed at the discharge end of the conveyor belts.

[0041] The guardrails 36 are respectively installed on the outside of the second and third conveyor belts to prevent materials from falling; the partition plate 37 includes a first partition plate and a second partition plate. The first partition plate and the second partition plate have the same shape and structure, each including a shorter straight plate and a longer inclined plate. The two straight plates stand upright above the conveyor belt and are arranged in parallel. One end of the two inclined plates is connected to their respective straight plates, and the other end of the two inclined plates is directly connected to each other, so that the first partition plate and the second partition plate are installed above the conveyor belt in a mirror image with the axis of the first conveyor belt. The two inclined plates connected together with the guardrail form a partition that can separate the passage and limit the movement of leafy vegetables. The angle between the two inclined planes is 60°.

[0042] The differential swing mechanism 30 includes a first conveyor belt 31, a second conveyor belt 32, a third conveyor belt 320, a first synchronous belt drive group 33, a second synchronous belt drive group 34, a second synchronous belt drive group 35, a first drive shaft 350, a second drive shaft 351, a guardrail 36, a partition plate 37, a transmission bracket 38, a speed-regulating motor 39, a bearing support 310, and a coupling 311. The transmission bracket 38 is installed at the bottom of the differential swing mechanism near the outlet plate of the vibrating conveying mechanism, and the speed-regulating motor 39 is installed on the transmission bracket. The first drive shaft 350 and the second drive shaft 351 are coaxially connected through the coupling 311 to form a complete shaft. Two second synchronous belt drive groups 34 are responsible for controlling the output speed of the conveyor belts (second conveyor belt and third conveyor belt) on both sides respectively. Each synchronous belt drive group includes a synchronous pulley and a corresponding synchronous belt. The two second synchronous belt drive groups 34 are respectively set at the two ends of the main shaft. The first synchronous belt drive group 33 is connected to the output shaft of the speed regulating motor 39 on one side and to the first drive shaft 350 on the other side for speed reduction transmission. The rotation of the speed regulating motor is transferred to the main shaft through the first synchronous belt drive group, and then the power is transmitted to the conveyor belts on both sides through the two second synchronous belt drive groups. The power is transmitted to the middle conveyor belt through the third synchronous belt drive group. The transmission ratios of the second synchronous belt drive groups on both sides and the third synchronous belt drive group controlling the middle conveyor belt are different, that is, the tooth ratios of the master and slave synchronous belt pulleys are different, ensuring that their conveying speeds are different; the conveyor belts on both sides perform speed-increasing transmission, and the second and third conveyor belts have the same conveying speed; one end of the third synchronous belt drive group is fixed to the second drive shaft, and the other end is fixed to the first conveyor belt, which performs speed-reducing transmission; the differential swing mechanism is installed in the middle of the frame to receive the material after air separation by the air separation device.

[0043] The balance wheel mechanism 40 includes a closed-loop stepper motor 41 and a long shaft 42 mounted on the output shaft of the closed-loop stepper motor. The upper end of the long shaft is fixedly connected to the upper balance wheel actuation component. The closed-loop stepper motor is used to drive the long shaft to rotate, so that the upper balance wheel actuation component is tilted as a whole and rotated by a preset angle. The upper balance wheel actuation assembly includes a mounting guide frame 45, a driven wheel 44, a driving wheel 48, and a DC geared motor 46. Two driven wheels are respectively disposed on either side of the driving wheel. The outer circumferential surface of the driving wheel is pressed against the outer circumferential surfaces of the two driven wheels to form a friction transmission pair. The DC geared motor is connected to the driving wheel and drives its rotation. The driving wheel drives the two driven wheels to rotate through friction (e.g., ...). Figure 14 (as shown) The mounting guide frame includes an upper guide section for guiding fruits and vegetables and a middle mounting section for mounting the driven wheel, the driving wheel and the DC geared motor. The upper parts of the two driven wheels are exposed in the conveying channel of the upper guide section, and the distance between the edges of the two driven wheels along the conveying direction in the conveying channel is less than the equivalent length of a single leafy vegetable to be conveyed.

[0044] In this embodiment, two sets of swing wheel mechanisms 40 are provided. Multiple sets of swing wheel mechanisms can also be provided as needed to improve the sorting speed of leafy vegetables.

[0045] The vegetable collection device 50 includes a conveying device 54, a rodless cylinder 53, a pneumatic vibrator 52, a vegetable collection box 51, a vibrator support 56, and an I-shaped connecting plate 57. The conveying device is placed horizontally, slightly lower than the upper surface of the conveying channel of the mounting guide frame 45 of the swing wheel mechanism. When the swing wheel mechanism is initially not swaying, the conveying channel on the mounting guide frame is perpendicular to the conveying device. The leafy vegetables transmitted by the swing wheel mechanism are fed into the vegetable collection box 51 by the conveying device 54 through the vegetable collection inlet 510. After entering, they are pulled towards the inside of the vegetable collection box by the excitation force of the pneumatic vibrator. The rodless cylinder moves in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the conveying device. The vegetable collection box 51 is fixed at the tail of the conveying device and located on top of the rodless cylinder 53. The rodless cylinder is fixed to the overall frame by means of an I-shaped connecting plate, pushing the vegetable collection box 51 to move in a straight line perpendicular to the direction of the conveying device. The pneumatic vibrator 52 is installed in the middle of the tail of the vegetable collection box (not the vegetable outlet end) through an inclined vibrator support 56, providing excitation force to facilitate the entry of materials into the vegetable collection box and their compact arrangement.

[0046] The vision module is fixed above the balance wheel mechanism and communicates with the host computer. It also has the function of statistically analyzing the yield rate of leafy vegetables and sending the results to the host computer for processing.

[0047] After the leafy vegetables are collected in the collection box, their inertia is used to push them at high speed by a rodless cylinder 53, so that they are retained in the opened packaging bag in the next process.

[0048] Example 3 This embodiment includes a closed-loop stepper motor 41, a coupling, a long shaft, a first support base, a second support base, a first bushing, a second bushing, a circular open flange, a mounting guide frame, a driving wheel, driven wheels, a DC geared motor, a conductive slip ring, and a support plate. The output end of the closed-loop stepper motor is connected to the long shaft via the coupling. The long shaft passes sequentially through the first support base, the first bushing, the second support base, and the second bushing. The upper end of the long shaft is connected to the support plate via the circular open flange. The driving wheel, two driven wheels, and the DC geared motor are mounted on the middle mounting section of the mounting guide frame 45. The two driven wheels are respectively located on both sides of the driving wheel. The outer circumferential surfaces of the driving wheel and the two driven wheels are pressed together to form a friction transmission pair. The DC geared motor drives the driving wheel to rotate, and the driving wheel drives the two driven wheels to rotate through friction. When the closed-loop stepper motor drives the long shaft to rotate, the support plate, the mounting guide frame, the driving wheel, the driven wheels, and the DC geared motor, as the upper swing wheel actuation assembly, tilt as a whole, thereby changing the direction of fruit and vegetable conveying.

[0049] Since the balance wheel mechanism needs to be rotated repeatedly for positioning, a closed-loop stepper motor with an encoder is used to ensure motion accuracy.

[0050] The support plate 49 is a U-shaped plate with upturned edges on both sides, used to support and fix the installation guide frame 45 and the wheel system installation structure installed on the installation guide frame.

[0051] The mounting guide frame 9 includes a bottom connecting plate 451 and an upper conveying plate 453. The lower part of the bottom connecting plate abuts against the upper surface of the U-shaped plate, and the flange of the U-shaped plate is fixed to the edge of the bottom connecting plate with bolts. Two side plates 452 are provided between the bottom connecting plate and the upper conveying plate. The two side plates are symmetrically and perpendicularly fixed between the bottom connecting plate and the upper conveying plate. The space between the two side plates is used to install a DC geared motor 46 and two driven wheels 44. Two side baffles 454 are symmetrically provided on the upper part of the upper conveying plate. The two side baffles are perpendicular to the upper conveying plate. Two parallel driven wheel protrusion holes are provided on the upper conveying plate between the two side baffles. The size of the driven wheel protrusion holes is sufficient to expose the entire cylindrical side length of the driven wheel, and the height of the protruding part of the driven wheel is not greater than the radius of the driven wheel.

[0052] The long shaft drives the upper balance wheel actuator to rotate through the circular open flange 43. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are in contact with each other and rely on friction transmission. The exposed part of the driven wheel drives the material through the upper surface of the balance wheel frame.

[0053] A conductive slip ring is positioned near the upper part of the long shaft and coaxially connected to it. It is used to introduce power from the fixed frame side of the production line equipment to the DC geared motor that swings with the upper swing wheel actuator. The conductive slip ring is fitted onto the long shaft without affecting the connection between the long shaft and the support plate. This ensures that the wires connecting the DC geared motor will not become entangled during the swing as the closed-loop stepper motor drives the upper swing wheel actuator to repeatedly swing.

[0054] The swing wheel mechanism is fixed at the output ports of the two fast channels of the differential swing mechanism (i.e., the output ports of the second and third conveyor belts), receiving materials and working with the vision module fixed directly above the swing wheel mechanism to achieve the final stage of material screening.

[0055] An elastic friction layer can be provided on the outer circumferential surface of the driving and driven wheels. The elastic friction layer can be a polyurethane layer, a rubber layer, or a silicone layer. For leafy vegetables with different surface hardness, by selecting elastic friction layers of different hardness and adjusting the pressing force between the driven and driving wheels, both transmission reliability and surface protection can be achieved.

[0056] Example 4 In this embodiment, the integrated machine is also equipped with a main control unit. The main control unit is controlled by a PLC and is connected to each drive component and sensor. It transmits signals to adjust the running rhythm. An outlet plate is set in the vibration conveying mechanism. The pen-shaped cylinder communicates with the main control unit and can periodically open and close to transform the disordered leafy vegetables into rhythmic and a certain amount of falling material, so as to achieve controllable falling material.

[0057] The air-separation device, which sorts materials based on their differences in mass and volume, and the differential swing mechanism, which performs passive posture correction of leafy vegetables through multi-conveyor belt differential speed conveying (characteristics of different root and leaf diameters, center of mass close to the root, and different friction coefficients), realize the automatic sorting and orientation of flexible and irregular materials. For example, leafy vegetables such as Shanghai bok choy have slightly different sizes, soft stems and leaves, and are easily damaged. After cleaning, the integrated machine of this invention can arrange them neatly and with a uniform orientation.

[0058] The modular mechanisms of this invention are rationally arranged and do not interfere with each other.

[0059] Example 5 This embodiment provides a high-speed, lightweight leafy vegetable clean packaging integrated machine, including a vibrating conveyor mechanism 10, an air separation device 20, a differential swing mechanism 30, a swing wheel mechanism 40, a vegetable collection device 50, a bag dispensing device 60, a packaging mechanism 70, and a heat sealing mechanism 80. This clean packaging integrated machine is mainly used for relatively short leafy vegetables such as Shanghai bok choy, Chinese cabbage, and spinach.

[0060] The vibrating conveying mechanism 10 includes a vibrating motor 11, a vibrating frame 12, a spring 13, a pen-shaped cylinder 14, an outlet plate 15, a perforated sieve plate 16, and a soil collection tray 17. The perforated sieve plate 16 is fixed inside the vibrating frame 12 and is inclined at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, so that the vibrating conveying mechanism can move along the direction of the excitation force provided by the vibrating motor 11, which is symmetrically inclined on both sides of the vibrating frame 17. The internal space of the vibrating frame 12 can be used as a vibrating conveying channel, and can also be used as a storage bin, i.e., a feeding storage bin. Leafy vegetables are placed in it and subjected to the excitation force of the perforated sieve plate 16. Due to the high-frequency vibration, the soil attached to the surface of the leafy vegetables can be screened off. Soil or other fine impurities are collected by the soil collection tray 17 installed at the bottom of the vibrating frame 12 through the perforated sieve plate 16. The vibration motor 11 can be adjusted by frequency converter or by adjusting the eccentric mass blocks on both sides inside the vibration motor 11 (the excitation force at both ends of the vibration motor is the centrifugal force generated by the offset between the center of mass and the center of the circle when the two internal mass blocks are at different included angles in the rotation state) to change the magnitude of the excitation force, thereby meeting the vibration frequency, amplitude and leafy vegetable conveying speed required by different leafy vegetables; the outlet plate 15 is fixed to the sieve plate 16 by hinge, and the lower end is connected to the pen-shaped cylinder 14. When the pen-shaped cylinder 14 extends, the outlet plate 15 rotates upward around the fixed axis to prevent the leafy vegetables from falling. When the pen-shaped cylinder 14 retracts, the plane of the outlet plate 15 and the plane of the sieve plate are in the same plane, allowing the leafy vegetables to pass through.

[0061] The air separation device includes a blower 21, a T-shaped pipe 22, a ventilation hose 23, an air outlet support 24, a cross-connecting plate 25, a first straight pipe 26, a second straight pipe 27, an air outlet 28, and an air separation material drop plate 29. Air is supplied by the power source blower 21. The blower 21 adjusts the airflow according to the inlet area to screen different leafy vegetables by weight. The ventilation duct is divided into two paths by the T-shaped pipe 22 or a Y-shaped pipe, running around the outside of the vibrating purifier frame to the bottom of the outlet plate 15. An air outlet is located at the end of the ventilation duct at the bottom of the outlet plate. The two air outlets 28 are symmetrically distributed. The air outlets 28 concentrate the airflow, resulting in a near-rectangular cross-section. Therefore, the shape of the air outlet 28 is round-to-square, meaning the side connecting to the ventilation duct is circular, and the other side is rectangular. The air outlet 28, fixed to the air outlet support 24, can rotate within the arc-shaped trajectory of the cross-connecting plate 25 to adjust the air outlet direction. After being vibrated by the vibrating conveyor 10, the leafy vegetables are screened by the airflow from the air outlet 28. Due to weight factors, single leaves and other smaller impurities such as soil are blown out, while the leafy vegetables slide down onto the air-separating discharge plate 29. When the air separation device uses a Y-shaped pipe and a ventilation hose to connect the air outlet 28 and the fan 21, the airflow loss is reduced. After the leafy greens slide down, they land on the differential swaying mechanism 30. The differential swaying mechanism 30 includes a first conveyor belt 31, a second conveyor belt 32, a third conveyor belt 320, a first synchronous belt drive group 33, a second synchronous belt drive group 34, a first drive shaft 350, a second drive shaft 351, a guardrail 36, a partition plate 37, a transmission bracket 38, a speed-regulating motor 39, a bearing support 310, and a coupling 311. The area where the leafy greens slide down is the entire first conveyor belt 31 and half of the second conveyor belt 32 on the side closest to the first conveyor belt. The second conveyor belt 32 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first conveyor belt. The speed-regulating motor acts as a power source, distributing power to the first drive shaft 350. Due to size limitations, the shafts distributing power to each synchronous belt drive group are connected to the first drive shaft 350 and the second drive shaft via a coupling 311. The system is composed of 11 components. The first conveyor belt 31 is driven by the first synchronous belt drive group 33, which performs deceleration. The second conveyor belt 32 is driven by the second synchronous belt drive group 34, which performs speed-increasing. Therefore, in a conveying plane where the first conveyor belt 31 is slower than the second conveyor belt 32, the leafy vegetables are passively aligned 180° (parallel to the forward direction of the conveyor belt) due to the difference in root and leaf diameter and friction. When they reach the dividing plate 37, which is mirror-distributed at a 60° angle, the leafy vegetables are divided into two channels. The maximum adjustable distance between the dividing plate 37 and the guardrail 36 is approximately 80mm (the dividing plate 37 remains fixed, while the distance between the guardrail 36 and the dividing plate 37 can be adjusted). This distance is less than the length of the leafy vegetables, allowing them to move between the channels. To ensure high processing efficiency, when the leafy vegetables reach the end of the differential swaying mechanism 30, a photoelectric switch will detect the incoming signal and send it to the host computer to remind the vision module to prepare for operation.

[0062] Leafy vegetables are fed into the swing wheel mechanism 40 in a position parallel to the transport direction of the second conveyor belt 32 by the differential swing mechanism 30. The vision module, used in conjunction with the swing wheel mechanism, determines whether the leafy vegetables are diseased, have yellow leaves, are frostbitten, and the orientation of the leaf roots. When the photoelectric switch at the end of the differential swing mechanism 30 is triggered, the vision module, which is a camera located directly above the middle of the two swing wheel mechanisms, takes a picture. The image is cropped into two Regions of Interest (ROIs), and the YOLO algorithm is used to detect the target in each. If the detection results "whole vegetable" and "leaf vegetable" flags appear in a given ROI, it is determined that a "leafy vegetable" object exists in that swing wheel channel. Pixel coordinates are extracted from the rectangle containing the "whole vegetable" detection result in the ROI. These pixel coordinates are compared with the coordinates of the center point of the set center image to determine the relative position of the leaves and roots. The vision module then transmits a signal to the PLC industrial control computer (main control unit). If the orientation of the leafy vegetables does not conform to the set parameters, the closed-loop stepper motor 41 can be driven to rotate 180° to install the guide frame 45.

[0063] Each balance wheel mechanism includes a closed-loop stepper motor 41, a long shaft 42, a circular open flange 43, a driven wheel 44, a mounting guide frame 45, a driving wheel 48, and a support base. The closed-loop stepper motor 41 serves as the power source, driving the long shaft 42 and the mounting guide frame 45, which is fitted onto the main shaft, to rotate. The driven wheel 44 is covered with food-grade silicone material and installed inside the mounting guide frame 45. It is driven by friction between the driving wheel 48 and the two wheels of the driven wheel assembly, which drives the driven wheel 44 to rotate.

[0064] The leafy vegetables, after being screened through three stages, are fed onto the conveyor device 54 by the swing wheel mechanism 40. A photoelectric switch is installed at the end of the conveyor device 54, near the vegetable collection box 51, to count the leafy vegetables. When a certain quantity of leafy vegetables has passed through, the PLC main control unit controls the vegetable collection conveyor belt motor 540 to stop or slow down. The leafy vegetables enter through the vegetable collection inlet 510 of the vegetable collection box 51. The vegetable collection box 51 is fixed to the rodless cylinder 53 and can reciprocate linearly with the cylinder. The pneumatic vibrator 52 is fixed to the tail of the vegetable collection box 51. When the leafy vegetables enter, the pneumatic vibrator 52 is in operation, providing excitation force to the vegetable collection box in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the vibrator support 56, thus achieving the purpose of neatly arranging the leafy vegetables.

[0065] Then it proceeds to the subsequent packaging process.

[0066] In this invention, all the actuators of the machine are selected from industrial standard parts. The power source is a vibration motor, a closed-loop stepper motor, a cylinder, a DC geared motor, etc. The main control unit is an Omron CP2E series PLC and expansion module. The frame and parts are also made of common materials such as 304 food-grade stainless steel, 6061 aluminum plate and aluminum profile, 201 stainless steel, etc.

[0067] In this invention, the transmission shaft (whole shaft) of the differential swing mechanism is difficult to manufacture and costly due to its excessively large length-to-diameter ratio (500mm long, less than 20mm in diameter). Therefore, a split-type main shaft with a coupling for coaxial connection is adopted. The DC motor cable in the swing wheel mechanism winds around with the rotation, and a conductive slip ring is nested on the outside of the shaft to solve this problem. The integrated machine is designed based on a processing cycle of 120g-150g Shanghai bok choy and 12 seconds. By adjusting parameters such as vibration frequency, airflow, conveyor belt speed, and air pressure through a frequency converter, it is compatible with smaller leafy vegetables such as Shanghai bok choy, spinach, and baby bok choy, making it widely applicable and suitable for promotion in supermarkets.

[0068] Any aspects not covered in this invention are applicable to existing technologies.

Claims

1. A high-speed, lightweight integrated machine for cleaning and packaging leafy vegetables, characterized in that, The all-in-one machine includes: The vibrating conveyor mechanism serves as a feeding bin for leafy vegetables and conveys the vibratingly screened leafy vegetables to the air separation device. The air separation device utilizes the differences in the quality and volume of leafy vegetables to perform secondary screening and blow the vegetables onto a differential swing mechanism. The differential swing mechanism receives leafy vegetables after they have been screened according to their own physical properties and transports them to the swing wheel mechanism by adjusting their position through differential control of multi-stage conveying channels. The swing wheel mechanism, combined with the vision module, performs three-stage screening and orientation of leafy vegetables. Qualified products are transported to the vegetable collection device, while unqualified products are removed. The vegetable collection device collects leafy vegetables, which are then bagged by the packaging mechanism and discharged by the bag-discharging device, completing the clean packaging process. The heat-sealing mechanism cuts and heat-seales raw material bags to provide outer packaging for leafy vegetables.

2. The all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrating conveying mechanism includes a first vibrating motor, a second vibrating motor, a vibrating frame, a spring, a pen-shaped cylinder, an outlet plate, a perforated sieve plate, and a soil collection tray. The first and second vibrating motors are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the vibrating frame at the same inclination angle. The vibrating frame has a discharge port on one side and a suction port on the other side. The perforated sieve plate is installed inside the vibrating frame and above the suction port, serving as the storage bin and the channel required for the screening process. The outlet plate is hinged to the side of the perforated sieve plate near the discharge port. One end of the pen-shaped cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the vibrating frame, and the other end is fixed to the bottom of the outlet plate. The linear displacement of the pen-shaped cylinder causes the outlet plate to rotate around a fixed axis by a certain angle. When the pen-shaped cylinder extends, the outlet plate rotates upward around the fixed axis to prevent leafy vegetables from falling. When the pen-shaped cylinder retracts, the plane of the outlet plate and the plane of the perforated sieve plate are in the same plane, allowing the leafy vegetables to pass through. The soil collection plate is set below the screen plate inside the vibrating frame, and the soil collection plate can be pulled out of the vibrating frame through the extraction port; the bottom of the vibrating frame is equipped with springs and is supported on the machine frame.

3. The all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air classifier includes a fan, a T-shaped pipe, ventilation hoses, an air outlet support, a cross-connecting plate, a first straight pipe, a second straight pipe, an air outlet, and an air classifier discharge plate. The fan is fixed to the bottom of the machine frame and is connected to two air outlets via the T-shaped pipe, four straight pipes, and two ventilation hoses. The air classifier discharge plate is installed on the front side of the two air outlets via an inclined frame. The T-shaped pipe, four straight pipes, and two ventilation hoses form a rectangular structure, which is connected by bends at the corners of the rectangle. The air-separating discharge plate receives qualified materials after air separation, and leafy vegetables that meet the air separation requirements can be air-separated and fall onto the air-separating discharge plate from the outlet plate; the outlet is fixed on the air outlet support, and the air outlet support is fixed to the cross connecting plate and rotates with the cross connecting plate to adjust the air outlet direction.

4. The all-in-one machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-connecting plate is located in the middle of the side near the outlet plate and is fixed to the whole machine frame by a connector; the cross-connecting plate is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove and a profile that slides along the arc-shaped sliding groove; the air outlet support is a symmetrical structure, including a base plate and two support ears symmetrically installed on the base plate. The two support ears are respectively sleeved on the two air outlets. The center of the base plate is fixedly connected to the profile, so that the air outlet support can rotate with the cross-connecting plate, thereby adjusting the air outlet direction of the two air outlets; The process of determining the wind force of the fan is as follows: based on the smaller weight of the whole leafy vegetables in the current batch, the maximum wind force is set, and the minimum wind force is set according to the weight of the single leafy vegetables. Within the range of the maximum and minimum wind force, the single leaves or impurities can be blown away while the whole leafy vegetables are preserved. The air outlet is located at the bottom end of the outlet plate of the vibrating conveyor mechanism. The shape of the air outlet is round to square, so that the air flow at the outlet is in a near rectangular cross-section shape.

5. The all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differential swing mechanism includes a speed-regulating motor, a transmission bracket, two transmission shafts, a first synchronous belt transmission group, a second synchronous belt transmission group, a third synchronous belt transmission group, three conveyor belts, guardrails, and partition plates; the three conveyor belts are arranged side by side without gaps, and the ends of the three conveyor belts on the side away from the outlet plate of the vibrating conveying mechanism are aligned in the same direction; the conveying direction of the conveyor belts is from the discharge port side to the tray opening side, and the conveying speed of the two side conveyor belts is faster than that of the middle conveyor belt; a photoelectric switch is installed at the discharge end of the conveyor belts; The guardrails are installed on the outside of the conveyor belts on both sides to prevent materials from falling off; the partition includes a first partition and a second partition, which have the same shape and structure, each including a shorter straight plate and a longer inclined plate. The two straight plates stand upright above the conveyor belt and are arranged in parallel. One end of the two inclined plates is connected to their respective straight plates, and the other end of the two inclined plates is directly connected together, so that the first partition and the second partition are mounted above the conveyor belt in a mirror image with the axis of the middle conveyor belt. The two inclined plates connected together with the guardrail form a partition that can separate the passage and limit the movement of leafy vegetables. A transmission bracket is installed at the bottom of the outlet plate side of the differential swing mechanism near the vibrating conveying mechanism. The speed regulating motor is installed on the transmission bracket, and the two transmission shafts are coaxially connected by a coupling to form a whole shaft. Two second synchronous belt drive groups are responsible for controlling the output speed of the conveyor belts on both sides. Each synchronous belt drive group includes a synchronous pulley and a corresponding synchronous belt. The two second synchronous belt drive groups are located at the two ends of the shaft. The first synchronous belt drive group is connected to the output shaft of the speed-regulating motor on one side and to the main shaft on the other side for speed reduction transmission. The rotation of the speed-regulating motor is transferred to the main shaft through the first synchronous belt drive group, and then the power is transmitted to the conveyor belts on both sides through the two second synchronous belt drive groups, and the power is transmitted to the middle conveyor belt through the third synchronous belt drive group. The transmission ratio of the second synchronous belt drive group on both sides is different from that of the third synchronous belt drive group that controls the middle conveyor belt. The conveyor belts on both sides perform speed-increasing transmission. One end of the third synchronous belt drive group is fixed to the main shaft, and the other end is fixed to the middle conveyor belt. The middle conveyor belt performs speed-reducing transmission.

6. The all-in-one machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vision module is fixed above the swing wheel mechanism and communicates with the host computer to count the yield rate of leafy vegetables and send the results to the host computer. The integrated machine also includes a main control unit, which is connected to each drive component and sensor to transmit signals to adjust the running rhythm. An outlet plate is set in the vibration conveying mechanism. The pen-shaped cylinder communicates with the main control unit and opens and closes periodically to transform the disordered leafy vegetables into rhythmic and certain quantities of falling material, so as to achieve controllable material falling.

7. The all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balance wheel mechanism includes a closed-loop stepper motor and a long shaft mounted on the output shaft of the closed-loop stepper motor. The upper end of the long shaft is fixedly connected to the upper balance wheel actuation component. The closed-loop stepper motor is used to drive the long shaft to rotate, causing the upper balance wheel actuation component to tilt as a whole and rotate by a preset angle.

8. The all-in-one machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper swing wheel actuation assembly includes a mounting guide frame, a driven wheel, a driving wheel, and a DC geared motor. The two driven wheels are respectively disposed on both sides of the driving wheel. The outer circumferential surface of the driving wheel is pressed against the outer circumferential surfaces of the two driven wheels to form a friction transmission pair. The DC geared motor is connected to the driving wheel for driving the driving wheel to rotate. The driving wheel drives the two driven wheels to rotate through friction. The mounting guide frame includes an upper guide section for guiding fruits and vegetables and a middle mounting section for mounting the driven wheel, the driving wheel and the DC geared motor. The upper parts of the two driven wheels are exposed in the conveying channel of the upper guide section, and the distance between the edges of the two driven wheels along the conveying direction in the conveying channel is less than the equivalent length of a single leafy vegetable to be conveyed.

9. The all-in-one machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The vegetable collection device includes a conveying device, a rodless cylinder, a pneumatic vibrator, a vegetable collection box, a vibrator support, and an I-shaped connecting plate. The conveying device is placed horizontally, slightly lower than the upper surface of the conveying channel of the mounting guide frame of the swing wheel mechanism. When the swing wheel mechanism is initially not swaying, the conveying channel on the mounting guide frame is perpendicular to the conveying device. Leafy vegetables transported by the swing wheel mechanism are fed into the vegetable collection box through the vegetable collection inlet by the conveying device. After entering, they are pulled towards the inside of the vegetable collection box by the excitation force of the pneumatic vibrator. The movement direction of the rodless cylinder is perpendicular to the movement direction of the conveying device. The vegetable collection box is fixed at the tail of the conveying device and located at the top of the rodless cylinder. The rodless cylinder is fixed to the overall frame by the I-shaped connecting plate and pushes the vegetable collection box to move in a straight line perpendicular to the movement direction of the conveying device. The pneumatic vibrator is installed in the middle of the tail of the vegetable collection box through an inclined vibrator support to provide excitation force, which facilitates the entry of materials into the vegetable collection box and their compact arrangement.

10. The all-in-one machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, Leafy vegetables are steered by a differential swing mechanism into the swing wheel mechanism in a position parallel to the conveyor belt's transport direction. A vision module, used in conjunction with the swing wheel mechanism, determines whether the leafy vegetables are diseased, have yellow leaves, are frostbitten, and the orientation of the leaf roots. When the photoelectric switch at the end of the differential swing mechanism is triggered, the vision module crops the image into two Regions of Interest (ROIs), and uses the YOLO algorithm to detect the target in each. If the detection results for "whole vegetable" and "leaf vegetable" appear in a given ROI, it is determined that a "leaf vegetable" object exists in that ROI's swing wheel channel. Simultaneously, the pixel coordinates of the rectangle containing the detected "whole vegetable" in the ROI are extracted and compared with the coordinates of the center point of the set center image to determine the relative position of the leaves and roots. If the orientation of the leafy vegetables does not conform to the set parameters, the closed-loop stepper motor of the swing wheel mechanism is driven to reverse 180° to install the guide frame. The leafy vegetables, after being screened in three stages, are fed into the conveying device by the swing wheel mechanism. A photoelectric switch is installed at the end of the conveying device, near the vegetable collection box, to count the leafy vegetables. When a certain number of leafy vegetables have passed through, the main control unit controls the conveyor belt motor in the vegetable collection device to stop or slow down. The leafy vegetables enter through the vegetable collection inlet of the vegetable collection box, which is fixed on a rodless cylinder and moves in a linear reciprocating motion with the cylinder. The pneumatic vibrator is fixed at the tail of the vegetable collection box. When the leafy vegetables enter the collection box, the pneumatic vibrator is in operation. The pneumatic vibrator provides excitation force to the vegetable collection box in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the vibrator support, thereby arranging the leafy vegetables neatly.

Images