A cable laying device for a cable laying project

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of cable laying machinery technology, and relates to a cable laying device for cable laying projects, including a support structure, a starting structure, a clamping structure, and a conveying structure. The support structure includes a support part and an installation part. The installation part includes a first rotating shaft and a fixed sleeve. The first rotating shaft and the fixed sleeve are coaxially rotatably arranged. The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support part, and the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the support part. The starting structure is installed on the first rotating shaft and includes a rotating unit, an auxiliary rotating unit for rotating the first rotating shaft, and a connecting unit. The clamping structure is installed on the fixed sleeve. The conveying structure is slidably installed on the support part. When initially releasing the cable, there is no need to pull the free end of the cable. The auxiliary rotating unit and the rack together drive the first rotating shaft to rotate, preventing the cable from being torn due to pulling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cable laying machinery technology, and relates to a cable laying device for cable laying projects. Background Technology

[0002] When releasing a cable, it is usually done by pulling the free end of the cable to rotate the cable roller. Because the cable roller and the cable on it have a large mass, and because objects have inertia, a significant force is needed to overcome this inertia in order to start the cable roller from a standstill. Applying excessive tension to the free end of the cable can easily damage it.

[0003] Chinese patent CN119349336A discloses a cable laying device and method for railway power engineering construction, including a placement plate and upright plates installed on both sides of the top of the placement plate; an installation frame is provided on the top of the placement plate on one side of the upright plate, and a clamp for clamping and fixing the wire roller is provided in the center of the two sets of upright plates. A toothed disc is slidably provided around the clamp, and a toothed plate is driven and engaged at the bottom of the toothed disc.

[0004] In the aforementioned prior art, the cable cannot relax upon initial release, and the displacement of the conveyor roller depends entirely on the reaction force transmitted by the cable, which originates from the friction between the conveyor roller and the cable. This results in the cable already bearing tension before the gear system starts. In other words, the gear system in the aforementioned prior art is essentially a passive response device. That is, the cable must first transmit sufficient tension to displace the conveyor roller, and only after the conveyor roller displacement triggers the movement of the gear plate does the gear drive the roller to rotate. This fails to solve the initial tension problem and instead increases the response delay due to the added transmission chain, exacerbating the risk of cable damage.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a cable laying device for cable laying projects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a cable laying device for cable laying engineering.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a cable laying device for cable laying engineering, comprising a support structure, a starting structure, a clamping structure and a conveying structure; The support structure includes a support part and a mounting part. The mounting part includes a first rotating shaft and a fixed sleeve. The first rotating shaft and the fixed sleeve are coaxially rotatably arranged. The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support part, and the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the support part. The starting structure is installed on the first rotating shaft to start the rotation of the first rotating shaft. The starting structure includes a rotating unit for starting the rotation of the first rotating shaft, an auxiliary rotating unit for assisting in starting the rotation of the first rotating shaft, and a connecting unit. The clamping structure is mounted on the fixed sleeve and is used to clamp or release the first rotating shaft; The conveying structure is slidably installed on the support part. The sliding direction of the conveying structure is perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating shaft. The conveying structure cooperates with the starting structure. When the conveying structure moves backward, it causes the auxiliary rotating unit to store power. The connecting unit connects the rotating unit and the auxiliary rotating unit. The rotating unit and the auxiliary rotating unit jointly drive the first rotating shaft to rotate.

[0008] Preferably, the support includes a support frame and two vertical plates, the two vertical plates being vertically fixed at both ends of the support frame; The mounting part, the starting structure, and the clamping structure are all set in two groups and correspond one-to-one with the vertical plate. The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the vertical plate, and the fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the vertical plate.

[0009] Preferably, the conveying structure includes: a second sliding frame, wherein the support frame has a sliding groove in the front-to-back direction, and the second sliding frame is slidably connected to the sliding groove; The first motor, there are two of them and they are fixedly connected to the second sliding frame. The two first motors are located on the left and right sides of the axis of the connecting rod, respectively. The guide wheel is provided in pairs and corresponds one-to-one with the first motor. The guide wheel is fixed to the output end of the corresponding first motor.

[0010] Preferably, a first sliding frame is installed on the rear side of the second sliding frame, and the first sliding frame and the second sliding frame are fixedly connected by a connecting rod. The first sliding frame is slidably connected to the slide groove. A first electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the support frame. The axis of the first electric telescopic rod is perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating shaft, and the output end of the first electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the first sliding frame.

[0011] Preferably, a sleeve with an axis parallel to the first rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the first sliding frame. The axis of the sleeve is parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft. A third sliding rod is slidably installed on both ends of the sleeve, and a rack is fixedly installed on the end of the third sliding rod away from the sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the first sliding frame is provided with a wire-passing groove, and two vertical second support rods are fixedly installed on the first sliding frame. The second support rods are located behind the sleeve. Each second support rod has a second sliding rod vertically slidably installed on it, and a clamping rod is fixedly installed between the two second sliding rods. The end of the third sliding rod away from the rack is located inside the sleeve, and the end of the third sliding rod away from the rack is sealed to the inner wall of the sleeve. A second air cavity is formed between the two third sliding rods located inside the sleeve. The end of the second support rod away from the clamping rod is sealed and slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding rod; a first air cavity is formed between the second support rod and the second sliding rod, and a second spring is fixedly installed in the first air cavity. The upper end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the second support rod, and the lower end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the second sliding rod. The sleeve has air holes on its side wall, and a connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the air holes, which connects the second air chamber and the first air chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating unit includes a second cylindrical gear, which is coaxially and fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft; The auxiliary rotating unit includes a rotating sleeve and a gear ring. The rotating sleeve and the gear ring are coaxially and fixedly connected. The rotating sleeve is coaxially and rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft. The rotating sleeve and the fixed sleeve are rotatably connected by a torsion spring. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to the fixed sleeve, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed to the rotating sleeve. The connecting unit is installed between the gear ring and the second cylindrical gear; The rack is located at different positions and meshes with the gear ring or the second cylindrical gear.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting unit includes: a first support rod, which is fixedly mounted on the rotating sleeve and the axis of the first support rod is arranged radially along the rotating sleeve; A gravity rod is slidably installed inside the first support rod, and a gravity block is fixedly installed at the end of the gravity rod located inside the first support rod. A connecting column is fixedly installed at the end of the gravity rod away from the gravity block. The axis of the connecting column is parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft, and the connecting column is fixed at the end of the gravity rod near the second cylindrical gear. The second cylindrical gear has a guide groove arranged radially along the second cylindrical gear. The guide groove is located at the end of the second cylindrical gear near the rotating sleeve. The connecting column mates with the guide groove. A boss is fixedly installed on the side of the second cylindrical gear near the gear ring, and the connecting column is in contact with the outer periphery of the boss; A baffle is fixedly installed on the second cylindrical gear, and the baffle is located on one side of the guide groove.

[0015] Preferably, the clamping structure includes a clamping unit and a first driving unit. The clamping unit is configured as two units and is located on the upper and lower sides of the first rotating shaft respectively. The clamping unit is installed on the fixed sleeve, and the first driving unit is installed between the support frame and the rotating sleeve and cooperates with the clamping unit. The clamping unit includes: a first sliding rod, which is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve, the sliding direction of the first sliding rod is arranged radially along the fixed sleeve, and both ends of the first sliding rod penetrate the side wall of the fixed sleeve; An arc-shaped clamping block is fixed to the end of the first sliding rod located inside the fixed sleeve, and a rubber layer is fixedly installed on the end face of the arc-shaped clamping block near the first rotating shaft. A first spring is fitted onto the first sliding rod. The first spring is located outside the fixed sleeve. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the first sliding rod, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, the first drive unit includes: a second rotating shaft, two second rotating shafts are provided and correspond one-to-one with the clamping unit, the second rotating shafts are rotatably mounted on the vertical plate, the axis of the second rotating shaft is parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft, and a rotation damping device is arranged between the second rotating shaft and the vertical plate; Cams, wherein two cams are provided and each corresponds to one of the second rotating shafts, and the cams are coaxially fixedly mounted on the corresponding second rotating shafts; The first cylindrical gear is coaxially connected to the second rotating shaft via a one-way clutch. The one-way clutch is used to drive the second rotating shaft to rotate in one direction. An incomplete internal gear that meshes with the first cylindrical gear is mounted on the rotating sleeve.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, during the initial cable release, the auxiliary rotating unit assists the first rotating shaft in rotating, preventing the cable from being torn apart due to pulling. When the first sliding frame moves backward, the rack and gear mesh to drive the rotating sleeve to rotate, allowing the auxiliary rotating unit to store force. When the first sliding frame moves forward, the auxiliary rotating unit and the rack together drive the first rotating shaft to rotate, thereby reducing the force between the rack and the second cylindrical gear, ultimately preventing the cable from being damaged due to excessive force.

[0018] Secondly, by setting up a rack and pinion meshing with a gear ring or a second cylindrical gear, combined with the torque of the torsion spring and the up-and-down movement of the clamping rod, the slack and tension of the cable can be precisely controlled. During initial transport, the cable is in a slack state, preventing damage due to excessive tension. During the initial transport process, the cable is only subjected to the force of the guide wheel moving forward, and will not be over-tensioned. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the connection between the gear ring, the second cylindrical gear and the first rotating shaft of the present invention. Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the installation between the clamping unit, the first driving unit, and the rotating sleeve of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the installation between the clamping structure and the rotating sleeve of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the first cylindrical gear and the incomplete internal gear of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sliding frame, the clamping rod, and the second sliding frame of the present invention mounted on the support frame; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping rod of the present invention mounted on the first sliding frame; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the installation between the sleeve and the third sliding rod of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the installation between the clamping rod and the second support rod of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping rod tensioning cable and the clamping rod clamping cable of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the motion state of the first rotating shaft during its initial rotation process according to the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of the gear ring during the process of the clamping structure clamping the first rotating shaft after the cable laying is completed in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Vertical plate; 3. Winding reel; 4. First rotating shaft; 5. Fixed sleeve; 6. Rotating sleeve; 601. Torsion spring; 602. Incomplete internal gear; 7. Gear ring; 701. Connecting frame; 8. First support rod; 9. Gravity rod; 10. Gravity block; 11. Connecting column; 12. Second rotating shaft; 1201. Protrusion block; 1202. First cylindrical gear; 13. First sliding rod; 1301. First spring; 1302. Arc-shaped clamping block; 14. Second cylindrical gear; 1401. Guide groove ; 1402, baffle; 1403, boss; 15, slide groove; 16, first sliding frame; 1601, wire groove; 1602, first electric telescopic rod; 17, clamping rod; 18, second support rod; 1801, first air chamber; 1802, second spring; 19, second sliding rod; 20, sleeve; 2001, second air chamber; 21, third sliding rod; 2101, rack; 22, air hole; 23, connecting pipe; 24, guide wheel; 25, first motor; 26, second sliding frame; 2601, connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-13 As shown, the technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A cable laying device for cable laying projects. It includes a support structure, a clamping structure, a starting structure, and a conveying structure.

[0023] The support structure includes a support frame 1, vertical plates 2, a first rotating shaft 4, and a fixing sleeve 5. The support frame 1 and the vertical plates 2 form a support section, and the first rotating shaft 4 and the fixing sleeve 5 form an mounting section. Two vertical plates 2, two first rotating shafts 4, and two fixing sleeves 5 are provided and correspond to each other. The two vertical plates 2 are fixedly installed at both ends of the support frame 1. The two first rotating shafts 4 are rotatably installed on their respective vertical plates 2. The axis of the first rotating shaft 4 is horizontally arranged in the left-right direction. The fixing sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1 and rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 4 via bearings.

[0024] A winding reel 3 is detachably installed between the two first rotating shafts 4. After the winding reel 3 is coaxially installed on the first rotating shaft 4, the rotation of the first rotating shaft 4 will drive the winding reel 3 to rotate together. The detachable installation method is common knowledge in this field and will not be described in detail here.

[0025] The starting structure is installed on the first rotating shaft 4 to start the rotation of the first rotating shaft 4. The starting structure includes a rotating unit, an auxiliary rotating unit, and a connecting unit. The rotating unit includes a second cylindrical gear 14, which is coaxially and fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft 4. The auxiliary rotating unit includes a rotating sleeve 6 and a gear ring 7. The rotating sleeve 6 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 4, and a torsion spring 601 is connected between the rotating sleeve 6 and the fixed sleeve 5. The torsion spring 601 is sleeved on the fixed sleeve 5, with one end of the torsion spring 601 fixed to the fixed sleeve 5 and the other end of the torsion spring 6 fixed to the rotating sleeve 6. The gear ring 7 is connected to the rotating sleeve 6 via a connecting bracket 701. The connecting unit is installed between the gear ring 7 and the second cylindrical gear 14.

[0026] The conveying structure is used to convey cables. It is slidably mounted on the support frame 1, and its sliding direction is horizontally arranged along the front-to-back direction. A first sliding frame 16 is installed on the rear side of the conveying structure. Two racks 2101 are horizontally slidably mounted on the first sliding frame 16, and the sliding direction of the racks 2101 is parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft 4. When the two racks 2101 move away from each other, they mesh with the gear ring 7; when they move closer together, they mesh with the second cylindrical gear 14.

[0027] The clamping structure is mounted on the fixed sleeve 5 and is used to clamp or release the first rotating shaft 4. The clamping structure includes a clamping unit and a first driving unit. The clamping unit is mounted on the fixed sleeve 5, and the first driving unit is mounted between the support frame 1 and the rotating sleeve 6 and cooperates with the clamping unit.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, when the conveying structure moves backward, the clamping unit clamps the first rotating shaft 4, and the two racks 2101 are in a state of separation from each other, meshing with the gear ring 7. The backward movement of the conveying structure loosens the cable between the winding reel 3 and the conveying structure. At the same time, the racks 2101 drive the gear ring 7 and the rotating sleeve 6 to rotate together, and the torsion spring 601 is deformed by torsion. After the gear ring 7 rotates half a revolution, the connecting unit connects the gear ring 7 and the second cylindrical gear 14. Simultaneously, the first drive unit drives the clamping unit to release the first rotating shaft 4, and the two racks 2101 move closer to each other and mesh with the second cylindrical gear 14. Then the conveying structure is started, and the conveying structure conveys the loosened cable forward. At the same time, the conveying structure moves forward, and the torque of the racks 2101 and the torsion spring 601 jointly drives the second cylindrical gear 14 and the winding reel 3 to rotate.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, in one embodiment, two clamping units are provided. The two clamping units are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the first rotating shaft 4.

[0030] Each clamping unit includes: a first sliding rod 13 and an arc-shaped clamping block 1302.

[0031] Wherein: the first sliding rod 13 is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve 5, the sliding direction of the first sliding rod 13 is arranged radially along the fixed sleeve 5, and both ends of the first sliding rod 13 penetrate the side wall of the fixed sleeve 5. The arc-shaped clamping block 1302 is fixed to the end of the first sliding rod 13 located inside the fixed sleeve 5. A rubber layer is fixedly installed on the end face of the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 near the first rotating shaft 4. The rubber layer is used to increase the friction between the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 and the first rotating shaft 4. A first spring 1301 is fitted on the first sliding rod 13. The first spring 1301 is located outside the fixed sleeve 5. One end of the first spring 1301 is fixedly connected to the first sliding rod 13, and the other end of the first spring 1301 is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve 5.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the first drive unit includes: a second rotating shaft 12, a cam 1201, and a first cylindrical gear 1202.

[0033] Wherein: Two second rotating shafts 12 are provided, each corresponding to a clamping unit. The second rotating shaft 12 is rotatably mounted on the vertical plate 2. The axis of the second rotating shaft 12 is parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft 4. A rotational damping device is configured between the second rotating shaft 12 and the vertical plate 2. Two cams 1201 are provided, each corresponding to a second rotating shaft 12, and the cams 1201 are coaxially fixedly mounted on the corresponding second rotating shaft 12. The first cylindrical gear 1202 is coaxially connected to the second rotating shaft 12 via a one-way clutch, which drives the second rotating shaft 12 to rotate in one direction. This one-way clutch is existing technology and can be a roller type, spring type, or wedge type one-way clutch. An incomplete internal gear 602 meshing with the first cylindrical gear 1202 is mounted on the rotating sleeve 6.

[0034] When the cable does not need to be released, the protrusions of both cams 1201 contact the ends of the corresponding first sliding rods 13 and press the corresponding first sliding rods 13 so that the distance between the two first sliding rods 13 is minimized, and the first spring 1301 is in a compressed state. In this state, the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 is in close contact with the first rotating shaft 4 and clamps the first rotating shaft 4.

[0035] When the cable needs to be released, that is, after the rack 2101 moves backward and drives the rotating sleeve 6 to rotate half a revolution via the gear ring 7, during the rotation of the rotating sleeve 6, the meshing of the incomplete internal gear 602 with the first cylindrical gear 1202 causes the second rotating shaft 12 to rotate half a revolution. During this process, the protrusion of the cam 1201 disengages from the first sliding rod 13, and the first sliding rod 13, under the pressure of the first spring 1301, drives the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 to move away from the first rotating shaft 4, disengaging the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 from the first rotating shaft 4 and releasing the first rotating shaft 4.

[0036] After the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 disengages from the first rotating shaft 4, the rack 2101 meshes with the second cylindrical gear 14. The rack 2101 moves forward, driving the rotating sleeve 6 to rotate in the opposite direction via the second cylindrical gear 14. When the rotating sleeve 6 rotates in the opposite direction, the incomplete internal gear 602 drives the first cylindrical gear 1202 to rotate in the opposite direction. Due to the one-way clutch between the first cylindrical gear 1202 and the second rotating shaft 12, the first cylindrical gear 1202 cannot drive the second rotating shaft 12 to rotate together. Furthermore, the rotation damping device configured between the second rotating shaft 12 and the vertical plate 2 allows the second rotating shaft 12 to remain in a stable stationary state.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the connecting unit includes: a first support rod 8, a gravity rod 9, and a connecting column 11.

[0038] The first support rod 8 is fixedly installed on the rotating sleeve 6, and the axis of the first support rod 8 is arranged radially along the rotating sleeve 6. The gravity rod 9 is slidably installed inside the first support rod 8. A gravity block 10 is fixedly installed at the end of the gravity rod 9 located inside the first support rod 8. The connecting column 11 is fixedly installed at the end of the gravity rod 9 away from the gravity block 10, and the axis of the connecting column 11 is parallel to the axis of the rotating sleeve 6. The connecting column 11 is fixed at the end of the gravity rod 9 near the second cylindrical gear 14. A guide groove 1401 is provided on the second cylindrical gear 14, which is arranged radially along the second cylindrical gear 14. The guide groove 1401 is located at the end of the second cylindrical gear 14 near the rotating sleeve 6, and the connecting column 11 cooperates with the guide groove 1401.

[0039] A boss 1403 is fixedly installed on the side of the second cylindrical gear 14 near the gear ring 7, and the connecting column 11 is in contact with the outer periphery of the boss 1403.

[0040] A baffle 1402 is fixedly installed on the second cylindrical gear 14, and the baffle 1402 is located on one side of the guide groove 1401. The baffle 1402 ensures that when the connecting column 11 rotates with the rotating sleeve 6, the connecting column 11 can only rotate from one side of the guide groove 1401 to directly above the guide groove 1401 and enter the guide groove 1401. When the rotating sleeve 6 drives the connecting column 11 to rotate to the other side, the baffle 1402 prevents the connecting column 11 from rotating directly above the guide groove 1401.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the initial state, the conveying structure is located in front of the axis of the first rotating shaft 4, the rack 2101 is in a state of mutual distance and is located directly below the gear ring 7, the first support rod 8 is at the lowest point of its displacement position, and the guide groove 1401 is at the highest point of its displacement position. When the rack 2101 moves backward, the rack 2101 meshes with the gear ring 7, and then drives the rotating sleeve 6 to rotate via the gear ring 7. The rotation of the rotating sleeve 6 causes the torsion spring 601 to be torsional deformed, and at the same time, the rotating sleeve 6 drives the first support rod 8, the gravity rod 9, the gravity block 10 and the connecting column 11 to rotate together. During the joint rotation of the first support rod 8, the gravity rod 9, the gravity block 10 and the connecting column 11, the connecting column 11 is in contact with the outer wall of the boss 1403, and the obstruction of the outer wall of the boss 1403 prevents the connecting column 11 from moving towards the first support rod 8 under the action of gravity.

[0042] When the gear ring 7 drives the rotating sleeve 6 to rotate half a revolution, the first support rod 8 rotates to the uppermost position of its displacement position. At this time, the connecting column 11 rotates with the first support rod 8 to a position opposite to the guide groove 1401. Under the action of the gravity block 10, the gravity block 10 drives the gravity rod 9 and the connecting column 11 to move along the guide groove 1401 towards the axis of the first rotating shaft 4 until the connecting column 11 moves into the guide groove 1401. At this time, the gear ring 7 and the second cylindrical gear 14 are connected. When the rack 2101 moves forward and drives the second cylindrical gear 14 to rotate, the torque of the torsion spring 601 provides auxiliary force for the rotation of the second cylindrical gear 14 through the cooperation of the connecting column 11 and the guide groove 1401.

[0043] like Figure 7As shown, in one embodiment, the conveying structure includes: guide wheel 24, first motor 25, and second sliding frame 26. The second sliding frame 26 and the first sliding frame 16 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod 2601. The support frame 1 has a front-to-back sliding groove 15. Both the second sliding frame 26 and the first sliding frame 16 are slidably connected to the sliding groove 15. A first electric telescopic rod 1602 is fixedly installed on the support frame 1, and the axis of the first electric telescopic rod 1602 is perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating shaft 4. The output end of the first electric telescopic rod 1602 is fixedly connected to the first sliding frame 16. The extension and retraction of the first electric telescopic rod 1602 drives the first sliding frame 16 and the conveying structure to slide along the sliding groove 15. Two first motors 25 are provided and fixedly connected to the second sliding frame 26. The two first motors 25 are located on the left and right sides of the axis of the connecting rod 2601, respectively. Two guide wheels 24 are provided and correspond one-to-one with the first motors 25. The guide wheels 24 are fixed to the output ends of the corresponding first motors 25.

[0044] When cable needs to be transported, the free end of the cable passes through the middle of the two guide pulleys 24. The two guide pulleys 24 press the cable together. Then, the two first motors 25 are started and rotate. The first motors 25 drive the two guide pulleys 24 to rotate, and the friction between the guide pulleys 24 and the cable transports the cable forward.

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, a sleeve 20 with its axis parallel to the first rotating shaft 4 is fixedly installed on the first sliding frame 16. A third sliding rod 21 is slidably mounted coaxially at both ends of the sleeve 20, and a rack 2101 is fixedly connected to each of the two third sliding rods 21. The rack 2101 is fixed to the end of the third sliding rod 21 away from the sleeve 20. The sliding of the third sliding rod 21 can be electrically driven. That is, a bidirectional electric telescopic rod is installed inside the sleeve 20, and the telescopic end of the bidirectional electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the opposite third sliding rod 21. The bidirectional electric telescopic rod is common knowledge technology and is not shown in the figure.

[0046] After the third sliding rod 21 moves closer to each other, the rack 2101 meshes with the second cylindrical gear 14. After the third sliding rod 21 moves further away from each other, the rack 2101 meshes with the gear ring 7.

[0047] like Figures 8 to 10As shown, in one embodiment, the first sliding frame 16 has a cable threading groove 1601. The conveying structure is located on the path after the cable passes through the cable threading groove 1601 of the first sliding frame 16, ensuring that the cable can smoothly enter the conveying structure and be conveyed forward. A clamping rod 17 is vertically slidably mounted on the first sliding frame 16. The axis of the clamping rod 17 is parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft 4. The vertical movement of the clamping rod 17 is used to further adjust the slack of the cable during the initial cable conveying.

[0048] Specifically, two second support rods 18 are fixedly installed on the first sliding frame 16, and the second support rods 18 are located behind the sleeve 20. Vertical second sliding rods 19 are fixedly installed at both ends of the clamping rod 17, and the second sliding rods 19 are vertically slidably connected to the corresponding second support rods 18.

[0049] The specific adjustment method is as follows: Figure 11 As shown in Figure 1a, when the cable is not being conveyed, the clamping rod 17 is located at the bottom of its displacement range, and the height of the clamping rod 17 is lower than the height of the cable threading groove 1601. After the free end of the cable passes under the clamping rod 17, the free end of the cable passes through the cable threading groove 1601 and the conveying structure in sequence. At this time, since the height of the clamping rod 17 is lower than the height of the cable threading groove 1601, the clamping rod 17 is used to increase the length of the cable between the winding wheel 3 and the cable threading groove 1601, that is, the clamping rod 17 can increase the length of the free cable between the winding wheel 3 and the conveying structure. At this time, the clamping rod 17 acts similarly to a tensioning wheel.

[0050] As the clamping rod 17 moves backward along with the first sliding frame 16 to the rearmost end of its displacement range, and as the third sliding rod 21 drives the rack 2101 to move closer together and mesh with the second cylindrical gear 14, the clamping rod 17 moves upward. The tensioning effect of the clamping rod 17 disappears, further slackening the cable between the winding reel 3 and the cable threading groove 1601. This increases the length of the free cable between the conveying structure and the winding reel 3.

[0051] like Figure 11 As shown in Figure .b, during normal cable release, the clamping rod 17 moves upward and abuts against the cable wound on the reel 3, thus clamping the cable wound on the reel 3. This prevents the cable on the reel 3 from becoming too loose and causing knots when releasing the cable.

[0052] like Figures 8 to 10As shown, in one embodiment, the end of the third sliding rod 21 away from the rack 2101 is located inside the sleeve 20, and the end of the third sliding rod 21 away from the rack 2101 is sealed against the inner wall of the sleeve 20. A second air chamber 2001 is formed between the two third sliding rods 21 located inside the sleeve 20. The end of the second support rod 18 away from the clamping rod 17 is sealed against the inner wall of the second sliding rod 19 and slidably connected. A first air chamber 1801 is formed between the second support rod 18 and the second sliding rod 19. A second spring 1802 is fixedly installed in the first air chamber 1801. The upper end of the second spring 1802 is fixedly connected to the second support rod 18, and the lower end of the second spring 1802 is fixedly connected to the second sliding rod 19. An air hole 22 is provided on the side wall of the sleeve 20, and a connecting pipe 23 is fixedly installed at the air hole 22. The outlet end of the connecting pipe 23 is configured as a double outlet. The two outlet ends of the connecting pipe 23 are respectively connected to the first air chambers 1801 on both sides of the clamping rod 17.

[0053] When the two third sliding rods 21 move closer to each other, the volume of the second air chamber 2001 decreases. The gas in the second air chamber 2001 is compressed and discharged into the first air chamber 1801 through the connecting pipe 23, increasing the gas pressure in the first air chamber 1801. The gas pressure in the first air chamber 1801 pushes the second support rod 18 upward, which in turn drives the clamping rod 17 upward until it comes into contact with the cable wound on the winding wheel 3, thus clamping the cable. This prevents the cable from tangling due to excessive looseness when the winding wheel 3 releases the cable. In addition, the second spring 1802 acts as a buffer during the cable release process of the winding wheel 3.

[0054] Working principle: The first sliding frame 16 is located in front of the first rotating shaft 4. The protrusions of the two cams 1201 contact the ends of the corresponding first sliding rods 13 and press the corresponding first sliding rods 13 so that the distance between the two first sliding rods 13 is the closest, and the first spring 1301 is in a compressed state. In this state, the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 is in close contact with the first rotating shaft 4 and clamps the first rotating shaft 4.

[0055] The rack 2101 is positioned far apart from each other and directly below the gear ring 7. The first support rod 8 is at the bottom of its displacement range, while the guide groove 1401 is at the top of its displacement range. The clamping rod 17 is at the bottom of its displacement range, and the height of the clamping rod 17 is lower than the height of the wire threading groove 1601.

[0056] During installation, the cable reel 3, with the cable wound around it, is installed between the two first rotating shafts 4. After the free end of the cable passes under the clamping rod 17, it exits through the cable threading groove 1601 and passes through the middle position of the two guide wheels 24. The two guide wheels 24 then clamp the cable tightly.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, activating the first electric telescopic rod 1602 causes it to shorten. The first electric telescopic rod 1602 then drives the first sliding frame 16 and the second sliding frame 26 to move backward together.

[0058] The first sliding frame 16 moves backward, causing the rack 2101 to move backward as well.

[0059] like Figure 12 As shown, during the backward movement of the first electric telescopic rod 1602, which drives the first sliding frame 16 and the second sliding frame 26 together, the rack 2101 meshes with the gear ring 7, thereby driving the gear ring 7 and the rotating sleeve 6 to rotate clockwise. The rotation of the rotating sleeve 6 causes the torsion spring 601 to be torsional deformed, and at the same time, the rotating sleeve 6 drives the first support rod 8, the gravity rod 9, the gravity block 10, and the connecting column 11 to rotate together. During the joint rotation of the first support rod 8, the gravity rod 9, the gravity block 10, and the connecting column 11, the connecting column 11 is in contact with the outer wall of the boss 1403. The obstruction of the outer wall of the boss 1403 prevents the connecting column 11 from moving towards the first support rod 8 under the action of gravity.

[0060] When the gear ring 7 drives the sleeve to rotate, the sleeve 6 rotates half a revolution clockwise, reaching... Figure 12 State .b. The first support rod 8 rotates to the top of its displacement range. At this time, the connecting column 11 rotates with the first support rod 8 to a position opposite to the guide groove 1401. Under the action of the gravity block 10, the gravity block 10 drives the gravity rod 9 and the connecting column 11 to move along the guide groove 1401 towards the axis of the first rotating shaft 4 until the connecting column 11 moves into the guide groove 1401.

[0061] Simultaneously, as the rack 2101 moves backward, the clamping rod 17, the first sliding frame 16, and the conveying structure all move backward. This increases the free length of the cable between the winding reel 3 and the conveying structure.

[0062] That is, when the first sliding frame 16 moves the cable backward, the cable can be slack without the winding wheel 3 rotating.

[0063] Specifically, as the first sliding frame 16 moves from the front towards the area directly below the first rotating shaft 4, the distance between the first sliding frame 16 and the first rotating shaft 4 decreases, and the cable is gradually loosened. The cable reaches its maximum slack when the first sliding frame 16 is directly below the first rotating shaft 4. Conversely, as the first sliding frame 16 moves away from the first rotating shaft 4 from directly below it, the distance between the first sliding frame 16 and the first rotating shaft 4 gradually increases, and the cable is gradually tightened. As the first sliding frame 16 moves forward, the winding wheel 3 rotates to further loosen the cable, while the conveying structure simultaneously conveys the cable. This effectively prevents the cable from being subjected to tensile force during initial conveying.

[0064] Therefore, the position of the rack 2101 relative to the first sliding frame 16 can be designed according to actual needs to ensure that when the first sliding frame 16 drives the rack 2101 to move backward and the gear ring 7 rotates half a turn, the distance between the first sliding frame 16 and the first rotating shaft 4 is appropriate, thereby adjusting the slack of the cable when transmitting the cable.

[0065] During the rotation of the sleeve 6, the meshing of the incomplete internal gear 602 with the first cylindrical gear 1202 causes the second rotating shaft 12 to rotate half a revolution. During this process, the protrusion of the cam 1201 disengages from the first sliding rod 13, and the first sliding rod 13, under the pressure of the first spring 1301, drives the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 to move away from the first rotating shaft 4, disengaging the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 from the first rotating shaft 4 and releasing the first rotating shaft 4.

[0066] Then, the third sliding rod 21 is activated, which drives the rack 2101 to move closer together. This causes the rack 2101 to disengage from the gear ring 7 and mesh with the second cylindrical gear 14.

[0067] When the two third sliding rods 21 move closer to each other, the gas in the second air chamber 2001 is injected into the first air chamber 1801 through the connecting pipe 23. This increases the gas pressure in the first air chamber 1801, pushing the second support rod 18 and the clamping rod 17 upward. The tensioning effect of the clamping rod 17 on the cable disappears. The upward movement of the clamping rod 17 further increases the free length of the cable between the conveying structure and the winding wheel 3. The upward movement of the clamping rod 17 abuts against the cable wound on the winding wheel 3, achieving cable clamping. When the winding wheel 3 releases the cable, it prevents the cable from tangling due to excessive looseness.

[0068] The above process allows the cable between the guide wheel 24 and the winding wheel 3 to be in a slack state and have a certain length.

[0069] After adjusting the position of rack 2101, the first electric telescopic rod 1602 is extended. The extension of the first electric telescopic rod 1602 causes the first sliding frame 16 and the second sliding frame 26 to move forward. Simultaneously, the first motor 25 is activated. The first motor 25 drives the guide pulley 24 to rotate. The two guide pulleys 24 transport the slack cable between the guide pulley 24 and the winding reel 3 forward. During this transport process, the cable is only subjected to the force of the guide pulleys 24 transporting it forward and is not tensioned.

[0070] like Figure 12 As shown in Figure .c, during the forward movement of the first sliding frame 16, the rack 2101 meshes with the second cylindrical gear 14, causing the second cylindrical gear 14 to drive the first rotating shaft 4 and the winding reel 3 to rotate counterclockwise. The cable on the winding reel 3 is released. During the process of the rack 2101 meshing with the second cylindrical gear 14 and driving the second cylindrical gear 14 to rotate, the torsion spring 601 applies a counterclockwise torque to the second cylindrical gear 14. The torque of the torsion spring 601 assists in driving the second cylindrical gear 14, the first rotating shaft 4, and the winding reel 3 to rotate counterclockwise together. By setting the torsion spring 601, it stores force before the winding reel 3 rotates counterclockwise, and when the winding reel 3 rotates counterclockwise, the torsion spring 601 assists the winding reel 3 in rotating, thus reducing the force between the rack 2101 and the second cylindrical gear 14. This better protects the second cylindrical gear 14 and prevents malfunctions due to breakage of the second cylindrical gear 14.

[0071] During the rotation of the gear ring 7 and the rotating sleeve 6 driven by the second cylindrical gear 14, the one-way clutch between the first cylindrical gear 1202 and the second rotating shaft 12 prevents the second rotating shaft 12 from rotating. The rotation damping device between the second rotating shaft 12 and the vertical plate 2 ensures that the second rotating shaft 12 remains in a stable and stationary state. This ensures that the clamping structure is always in a state of being released from the first rotating shaft 4 when the first rotating shaft 4 rotates.

[0072] Through the above process, while the conveying structure conveys the cable, the reel 3 rotates to release the cable. This prevents the cable from being damaged by excessive tensile force during the initial conveying.

[0073] After the first sliding frame 16 moves to the initial position, the conveying structure pulls the cable, causing the winding wheel 3 to rotate, and the cable is conveyed.

[0074] At the same time, rotating the sleeve 6 causes the first support rod 8, gravity rod 9, gravity block 10 and connecting column 11 to rotate back to the initial position. Under the action of gravity, the connecting column 11 moves downward and disengages from the guide groove 1401.

[0075] After the cable of the set length has been delivered, the first electric telescopic rod 1602 can be activated again to shorten it. Figure 13As shown, the first electric telescopic rod 1602 drives the first sliding frame 16 and the second sliding frame 26 to move backward. At the same time, the rack 2101 meshes with the second cylindrical gear 14, causing the first rotating shaft 4 and the winding reel 3 to rotate clockwise. The clamping rod 17 then rewinds the excess cable onto the winding reel 3.

[0076] During the shortening process of the first electric telescopic rod 1602, the rotating sleeve 6 cannot rotate because the connecting column 11 disengages from the guide groove 1401 and the gear ring 7 and the rack 2101 do not mesh.

[0077] When the second cylindrical gear 14 rotates to the point where the guide groove 1401 is directly above its displacement, that is, when the second cylindrical gear 14 rotates to the point where... Figure 13 As shown in .b, the third sliding rod 21 is extended. The extension of the third sliding rod 21 positions the rack 2101 directly below the gear ring 7. The rack 2101 meshes with the gear ring 7, causing the rotating sleeve 6 to rotate counterclockwise, and the torsion spring 601 is deformed by torsion. Since the second rotating shaft 12 and the first cylindrical gear 1202 are connected by a one-way clutch, the rotating sleeve 6 drives the first cylindrical gear 1202 to rotate. However, the first cylindrical gear 1202 cannot drive the second rotating shaft 12 to rotate. After the first sliding frame 16 moves forward to its initial position, the gear ring 7 rotates half a revolution, and due to the obstruction of the baffle 1402, the connecting post 11 cannot be aligned with the guide groove 1401. After the gear ring 7 and the rack 2101 disengage, under the torque of the torsion spring 601, the torsion spring 601 drives the rotating sleeve 6 to rotate clockwise to reset. As the rotating sleeve 6 rotates clockwise, it drives the first cylindrical gear 1202 to rotate half a revolution, causing the arc-shaped clamping block 1302 to clamp the first rotating shaft 4 again.

[0078] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable laying apparatus for a cable laying project, characterised in that: This includes the support structure, the starting structure, the clamping structure, and the conveying structure; The support structure includes a support part and an installation part. The installation part includes a first rotating shaft (4) and a fixed sleeve (5). The first rotating shaft (4) and the fixed sleeve (5) are coaxially rotatably arranged. The first rotating shaft (4) is rotatably connected to the support part, and the fixed sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the support part. The starting structure is installed on the first rotating shaft (4) to start the first rotating shaft (4) to rotate. The starting structure includes a rotating unit for starting the first rotating shaft (4) to rotate, an auxiliary rotating unit for assisting in starting the first rotating shaft (4) to rotate, and a connecting unit. The clamping structure is installed on the fixed sleeve (5) and is used to clamp or release the first rotating shaft (4). The conveying structure is slidably installed on the support part. The sliding direction of the conveying structure is perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating shaft (4). The conveying structure cooperates with the starting structure. The conveying structure moves backward, and the conveying structure causes the auxiliary rotating unit to store power. The conveying structure moves forward, and the connecting unit connects the rotating unit and the auxiliary rotating unit. The rotating unit and the auxiliary rotating unit jointly drive the first rotating shaft (4) to rotate.

2. The cable laying device for cable laying engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support includes a support frame (1) and a vertical plate (2). The vertical plate (2) is configured as two, and the two vertical plates (2) are respectively vertically fixed at both ends of the support frame (1). The installation part, the starting structure, and the clamping structure are all set in two groups and correspond one-to-one with the vertical plate (2). The first rotating shaft (4) is rotatably connected to the vertical plate (2), and the fixing sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the vertical plate (2).

3. The cable laying device for cable laying engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying structure includes: a second sliding frame (26), and a sliding groove (15) in the front-to-back direction is provided on the support frame (1), and the second sliding frame (26) is slidably connected to the sliding groove (15); Two first motors (25) are provided and fixedly connected to the second sliding frame (26). The two first motors (25) are located on the left and right sides of the axis of the connecting rod (2601), respectively. Two guide wheels (24) are provided, each corresponding to one of the first motors (25). The guide wheels (24) are fixed at the output end of the corresponding first motor (25).

4. The cable laying device for cable laying engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first sliding frame (16) is installed on the rear side of the second sliding frame (26). The first sliding frame (16) and the second sliding frame (26) are fixedly connected by a connecting rod (2601). The first sliding frame (16) is slidably connected to the slide groove (15). A first electric telescopic rod (1602) is fixedly installed on the support frame (1). The axis of the first electric telescopic rod (1602) is perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating shaft (4). The output end of the first electric telescopic rod (1602) is fixedly connected to the first sliding frame (16).

5. The cable laying device for a cable laying project according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sleeve (20) with an axis parallel to the first rotating shaft (4) is fixedly installed on the first sliding frame (16). The axis of the sleeve (20) is set parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft (4). A third sliding rod (21) is slidably installed on both ends of the sleeve (20). A rack (2101) is fixedly installed on the end of the third sliding rod (21) away from the sleeve (20).

6. The cable laying device for a cable laying project according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first sliding frame (16) is provided with a wire groove (1601). Two vertical second support rods (18) are fixedly installed on the first sliding frame (16). The second support rods (18) are located behind the sleeve (20). Each second support rod (18) is vertically slidably installed with a second sliding rod (19). A clamping rod (17) is fixedly installed between the two second sliding rods (19). The end of the third sliding rod (21) away from the rack (2101) is located inside the sleeve (20), and the end of the third sliding rod (21) away from the rack (2101) is sealed against the inner wall of the sleeve (20). A second air chamber (2001) is formed between the two third sliding rods (21) located inside the sleeve (20). The end of the second support rod (18) away from the clamping rod (17) is sealed and slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding rod (19); a first air chamber (1801) is formed between the second support rod (18) and the second sliding rod (19), and a second spring (1802) is fixedly installed in the first air chamber (1801). The upper end of the second spring (1802) is fixedly connected to the second support rod (18), and the lower end of the second spring (1802) is fixedly connected to the second sliding rod (19). The sleeve (20) has an air hole (22) on its side wall, and a connecting pipe (23) is fixedly installed at the air hole (22). The connecting pipe (23) connects the second air chamber (2001) and the first air chamber (1801).

7. The cable laying device for a cable laying project according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating unit includes a second cylindrical gear (14), which is coaxially fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (4); The auxiliary rotating unit includes a rotating sleeve (6) and a gear ring (7). The rotating sleeve (6) and the gear ring (7) are coaxially fixedly connected. The rotating sleeve (6) is coaxially rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft (4). The rotating sleeve (6) and the fixed sleeve (5) are rotatably connected by a torsion spring (601). One end of the torsion spring (601) is fixed on the fixed sleeve (5), and the other end of the torsion spring (601) is fixed on the rotating sleeve (6). The connecting unit is installed between the gear ring (7) and the second cylindrical gear (14); The rack (2101) is located in different positions and meshes with the gear ring (7) or the second cylindrical gear (14).

8. A cable laying device for a cable laying project according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting unit includes: a first support rod (8), which is fixedly installed on the rotating sleeve (6) and the axis of the first support rod (8) is arranged radially along the rotating sleeve (6); Gravity rod (9), which is slidably installed in the first support rod (8), and a gravity block (10) is fixedly installed at the end of the gravity rod (9) located in the first support rod (8). A connecting column (11) is fixedly installed at the end of the gravity rod (9) away from the gravity block (10). The axis of the connecting column (11) is parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft (4), and the connecting column (11) is fixed at the end of the gravity rod (9) near the second cylindrical gear (14). The second cylindrical gear (14) has a guide groove (1401) arranged radially along the second cylindrical gear (14). The guide groove (1401) is located at the end of the second cylindrical gear (14) near the rotating sleeve (6). The connecting column (11) cooperates with the guide groove (1401). The second cylindrical gear (14) has a boss (1403) fixedly installed on the side near the gear ring (7), and the connecting column (11) is in contact with the outer periphery of the boss (1403); A baffle (1402) is fixedly provided on the second cylindrical gear (14), and the baffle (1402) is located on one side of the guide groove (1401).

9. A cable laying device for a cable laying project according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clamping structure includes a clamping unit and a first driving unit. The clamping unit is configured as two units and is located on the upper and lower sides of the first rotating shaft (4) respectively. The clamping unit is installed on the fixed sleeve (5). The first driving unit is installed between the support frame (1) and the rotating sleeve (6) and cooperates with the clamping unit. The clamping unit includes: a first sliding rod (13), which is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve (5), the sliding direction of the first sliding rod (13) is arranged along the radial direction of the fixed sleeve (5), and both ends of the first sliding rod (13) penetrate the side wall of the fixed sleeve (5). Arc-shaped clamping block (1302), the arc-shaped clamping block (1302) is fixed at the end of the first sliding rod (13) located inside the fixed sleeve (5), and a rubber layer is fixedly installed on the end face of the arc-shaped clamping block (1302) near the first rotating shaft (4); A first spring (1301) is fitted on the first sliding rod (13). The first spring (1301) is located outside the fixed sleeve (5). One end of the first spring (1301) is fixedly connected to the first sliding rod (13), and the other end of the first spring (1301) is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve (5).

10. A cable laying device for a cable laying project according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first drive unit includes: a second rotating shaft (12), two second rotating shafts (12) are provided and correspond one-to-one with the clamping unit, the second rotating shaft (12) is rotatably mounted on the vertical plate (2), the axis of the second rotating shaft (12) is parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft (4), and a rotation damping device is provided between the second rotating shaft (12) and the vertical plate (2); Cam (1201), two cams (1201) are provided and correspond one-to-one with the second rotating shaft (12), and the cams (1201) are coaxially fixedly installed on the corresponding second rotating shaft (12); The first cylindrical gear (1202) is coaxially connected to the second rotating shaft (12) via a one-way clutch. The one-way clutch is used to drive the second rotating shaft (12) to rotate in one direction. The rotating sleeve (6) is equipped with an incomplete internal gear (602) that meshes with the first cylindrical gear (1202).

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