A fertilizer composition for corn planting in soda saline-alkali soil and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soda saline-alkali land improvement technology, and particularly to a fertilizer composition for corn cultivation in soda saline-alkali land, its preparation method, and its application. Specifically, it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of a saline-alkali land conditioner, 10-20 parts of humic acid, 8-15 parts of diatomaceous earth, 5-12 parts of compound fertilizer, 2-6 parts of polyglutamic acid, 3-8 parts of sulfonated lignite, and 1-4 parts of zinc humate. This invention achieves a synergistic improvement in alleviating saline-alkali stress, structural improvement, and soil fertility enhancement. It can significantly reduce soil pH and total salt content, improve soil aggregate structure, and enhance permeability; simultaneously, it significantly increases organic matter content and restores soil biological activity. It not only achieves effective utilization of waste materials but also significantly outperforms existing technologies in terms of the synergy and long-term effectiveness of soil improvement and fertilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soda saline-alkali land improvement technology, and in particular to a fertilizer composition for corn planting in soda saline-alkali land, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Soda-saline-alkali land is a type of low-yield soil characterized by sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate as the main harmful salts. It is primarily distributed in the Songnen Plain of Northeast China, the Hetao Irrigation Area of ​​Inner Mongolia, and the inland regions of Northwest China. This type of soil is characterized by high pH (usually above 8.5), high alkalinity, highly dispersed soil particles, and poor physical structure, resulting in poor soil permeability and low nutrient availability, severely restricting crop growth. While the planting area of ​​maize, a major food crop, in soda-saline-alkali areas has been expanding year by year, its yield is generally only 40% to 60% of that in non-saline-alkali areas. Therefore, developing soil improvement and nutrient regulation technologies suitable for maize cultivation in soda-saline-alkali land is of great significance for ensuring grain yield and the sustainable utilization of saline-alkali soil resources.

[0003] The inhibitory effect of soda-alkali soil on maize growth has multiple mechanisms: the high pH environment directly inhibits root cell division and elongation; the precipitation of divalent cations such as calcium and magnesium by carbonate ions leads to nutrient imbalance; excessive sodium ions damage the integrity of the membrane system and induce osmotic stress; simultaneously, soil microaggregates disintegrate to form a dense crust, hindering seed germination and seedling emergence. Furthermore, under saline-alkali stress, the translocation efficiency of maize photosynthetic products to grains decreases, the grain-filling period is shortened, and grain weight decreases. Existing agronomic measures mainly involve large-scale water treatment to suppress salt and the application of chemical amendments such as gypsum, but these methods suffer from problems such as long soil improvement cycles, unstable alkalinity reduction effects, easy fixation of trace elements, and low utilization efficiency of organic waste, making them difficult to sustainably apply in large-scale production.

[0004] Regarding the development of specialized fertilizers for corn cultivation in soda-saline-alkali soils, existing technologies mainly suffer from the following limitations: In alkaline soils, phosphorus in conventional compound fertilizers is easily fixed by calcium and magnesium ions, resulting in a utilization rate of less than 15%; ammonium nitrogen suffers significant volatilization loss under high temperature and high pH conditions; and micronutrients are rapidly converted into forms that are difficult for crops to absorb after addition. Some improved products enhance drought and salt tolerance by adding polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agents or humic acid, but they fail to systematically address the synergistic issues of nutrient form adaptation, rhizosphere microenvironment regulation, and soil structural improvement. Furthermore, some synthetic polymer materials pose residual risks, and the long-term effects of application on soil biological properties remain unclear.

[0005] Currently, the fermentation treatment of citrus waste mostly adopts a single aerobic fermentation method, which fails to fully consider the differences in metabolic pathways of different microbial communities under different oxygen environments. This results in insufficient degradation of recalcitrant components such as pectin and lignin, and poor enrichment of salt-alkali resistant metabolites. Meanwhile, existing saline-alkali land improvement fertilizers often only involve simple component layering, lacking a refined design to address the dynamic changes in the rhizosphere environment throughout the entire growth cycle of maize, making it difficult to meet the needs of crop growth at each stage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a functional saline-alkali land improvement fertilizer system based on a stepwise metabolic regulation mechanism to synergistically achieve efficient waste conversion and targeted soil improvement.

[0006] In recent years, although some researchers have attempted to combine desulfurized gypsum, biochar, and traditional fertilizers for the improvement of saline-alkali land, existing technical solutions mostly focus on eliminating single obstacle factors and lack synergistic regulation designs targeting the nutrient requirements of maize throughout its entire growth cycle and the unique physicochemical environment of soda saline-alkali soil. Specifically, existing compositions lack sufficient matching in key stages such as salt-alkali resistance and growth promotion during the seedling stage, efficient nutrient supply during the jointing stage, and resistance to premature aging during the grain-filling stage. Furthermore, their complex preparation processes and high costs limit their widespread application in major grain-producing areas. Therefore, developing a specialized fertilizer composition that can effectively improve the rhizosphere environment of soda saline-alkali soil and achieve synergistic nutrient supply throughout the entire growth cycle of maize has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fertilizer composition for corn cultivation in soda-saline-alkali soil, its preparation method, and its application. This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing soda-saline-alkali soil improvement technologies, such as the limited utilization of citrus waste, difficulties in breaking down pectin and lignin cells, inhibition of fermentation by antibacterial components, and easy volatilization of organic acids. Furthermore, conventional fertilizers struggle to maintain micronutrient availability at high pH levels, simultaneously achieving alkalinity reduction, structural improvement, and stress resistance and growth promotion, leading to severe salt-alkali stress in corn seedlings, frequent nutrient deficiency and yellowing, and large dosages of soil conditioners with short-lasting effects. The invention aims to provide a fertilizer composition that integrates synergistic fermentation of halophilic bacteria, full utilization of peel and residue, and targeted stress-resistant component formulation. Through a stepwise fermentation process, it improves the degradation efficiency of citrus waste, and the fertilizer composition achieves a synergistic improvement in alkalinity reduction efficiency, nutrient synergy, and long-lasting salt inhibition.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a fertilizer composition for corn planting in soda saline-alkali soil, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of saline-alkali soil conditioner, 10-20 parts of humic acid, 8-15 parts of diatomaceous earth, 5-12 parts of compound fertilizer, 2-6 parts of polyglutamic acid, 3-8 parts of sulfonated lignite, and 1-4 parts of zinc humate.

[0009] Preferably, the NPK ratio in the compound fertilizer is 22~26:8~12:11~15.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the saline-alkali land conditioner is as follows: (1) Adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of citrus waste to 25-30:1 and the moisture content to 60%-65%. Inoculate Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis and Candida utilis, and aerobic ferment for 48-72 hours at 28-32℃ and an aeration rate of 0.8-1.2 vvm to obtain the first fermentation slurry. (2) Add halophilic cocci, pseudostrongy bacilli, gelatinous bacilli and arthropathobacter to the first fermentation slurry, and anaerobic ferment at 30~35℃ for 5~7 days to obtain the second fermentation slurry; (3) Mix the second fermentation slurry with straw particles at a mass ratio of 1:0.2~0.42 and age for 3~7 days to obtain a saline-alkali land improver.

[0011] Preferably, the inoculation mass of Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Candida utilis is 0.7-0.9%.

[0012] Preferably, the inoculation mass of the halophilic cocci, pseudostrongylus, gelatinous spore-forming bacilli, and arthropathobacter are all 0.6-0.8%.

[0013] Preferably, the bacterial counts of the following bacteria are all 300-500 million / g: Bacillus jellyoidus (Jinan Herui Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), Arthrobacter motilitybacterium (Wuhan Warner Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), Bacillus pseudosturcium (Shanghai Yushao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), Rhodotorula glutinis (Beina Biotechnology; BNCC336017), Candida utilis (Wuhan Kemike Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.), Halophilic cocci (Shanghai Guyan Industrial Co., Ltd.), and Nocardia coralliformis (Wuhan Warner Biotechnology Co., Ltd.).

[0014] This invention provides a method for preparing the fertilizer composition, which involves mixing a saline-alkali soil conditioner, humic acid, diatomaceous earth, compound fertilizer, polyglutamic acid, sulfonated lignite, and zinc humate.

[0015] This invention provides the application of the fertilizer composition described above in the preparation of a soil conditioner for alleviating saline-alkali stress in soda-saline-alkali land and reducing the total salt content of the soil.

[0016] This invention provides the application of the fertilizer composition described above in increasing corn yield in soda saline-alkali land and improving the rhizosphere growth environment.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The fertilizer composition of this invention systematically solves multiple obstacles in corn cultivation in soda-saline-alkali land through the synergistic effect of multiple components. First, the saline-alkali soil conditioner is produced by the stepwise fermentation of citrus waste by specific aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. It can not only degrade pectin and lignin and transform antibacterial substances, but also enrich salt-alkali resistant active metabolites, significantly reduce soil pH and total salt content, and improve soil structure. Humic acid and sulfonated lignite work synergistically to further complex sodium ions, activate nutrients, and enhance soil buffering capacity. Diatomaceous earth, as a porous carrier, improves soil permeability and adsorbs salt and harmful substances, together creating a suitable microenvironment for corn root growth.

[0018] Secondly, the combination of compound fertilizer with polyglutamic acid and zinc humate achieves efficient and synergistic nutrient supply. Polyglutamic acid has strong water retention and chelating ability, which can reduce nitrogen volatilization, prevent phosphorus fixation, and form a protective film in the rhizosphere to alleviate salt and alkali stress. Zinc humate not only supplements zinc but also promotes root development and photosynthetic product translocation through its physiological activity, enhancing maize's stress resistance. This combination achieves synergistic regulation of root promotion and salt tolerance during the seedling stage, efficient nutrient supply during the jointing stage, and delayed senescence during the grain-filling stage throughout the entire growth period. Compared with conventional fertilizers, it significantly increases yield, plant height, and straw biomass, while increasing soil organic matter content and continuously improving salinity and alkali indicators. This demonstrates the synergistic effect mechanism of alkalinity reduction, structural improvement, stress resistance and growth promotion, and nutrient activation among the components.

[0019] The fertilizer composition provided by this invention exhibits significant crop yield-increasing and stress-resistance-promoting effects in maize cultivation in soda-saline-alkali soils. Through the synergistic effect of the saline-alkali soil conditioner and functional components, this composition effectively alleviates the inhibition of root systems by high pH and high salt during the maize seedling stage, promoting robust seedling growth. From jointing to grain-filling stages, the composition achieves continuous and efficient nutrient supply through the water-retaining chelation effect of polyglutamic acid and the physiological activity regulation of zinc humate, significantly enhancing the plant's resistance to saline-alkali stress, extending the grain-filling period, and ultimately resulting in increased plant height, improved straw biomass, and significantly increased grain yield, with overall agronomic traits being comprehensively optimized.

[0020] In terms of soil improvement, this invention achieves a synergistic enhancement of soil alkali reduction and salinity removal, structural improvement, and soil fertility enhancement. The microbial fermentation products in the composition can effectively degrade anti-nutritional factors in organic waste, enrich active substances, and, in conjunction with carriers such as humic acid and diatomaceous earth, significantly reduce soil pH and total salt content, improve soil aggregate structure, and enhance permeability; at the same time, the organic matter content is significantly increased, and soil biological activity is restored. Comparative studies have verified the importance of the stepwise fermentation process using specific aerobic and anaerobic bacterial communities. This technical solution not only achieves the effective utilization of citrus waste, but also significantly outperforms existing conventional technologies in terms of the synergy and long-term effectiveness of soil improvement and fertilization.

[0021] This invention constructs a two-stage metabolic structure through stepwise fermentation, significantly improving the conversion efficiency of citrus waste. Experimental data show that compared with simultaneous mixed fermentation, this system can increase soil pH reduction and organic matter production, demonstrating the metabolic advantages of specific microbial communities working synergistically over time. Polyglutamic acid and zinc humate are combined in a specific ratio to form a buffer protective layer in the rhizosphere, enhancing stress resistance and nutrient absorption. Throughout the entire growth period, it achieves a phased matching of salt tolerance and root promotion during the seedling stage, nutrient supply during the jointing stage, and delaying premature senescence during the grain-filling stage, significantly improving maize yield and the long-term effectiveness of soil improvement. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] A fertilizer composition for corn planting in soda saline-alkali soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of saline-alkali soil conditioner, 10 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of diatomaceous earth, 5 parts of compound fertilizer, 2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 3 parts of sulfonated lignite, and 1 part of zinc humate; wherein the NPK ratio in the compound fertilizer is 22:8:11.

[0025] The preparation method of the saline-alkali land conditioner is as follows: (1) The carbon-nitrogen ratio of citrus waste was adjusted to 25:1 and the moisture content was 60%. Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis and Candida utilis were inoculated and aerobic fermentation was carried out at 28°C and 0.8 vvm for 48 hours to obtain the first fermentation slurry. (2) Add halophilic cocci, pseudostrongy Bacillus, gelatinous Bacillus and arthropathobacter to the first fermentation slurry, and anaerobic ferment at 30°C for 5 days to obtain the second fermentation slurry; (3) Mix the second fermentation slurry with straw particles at a mass ratio of 1:0.2 and age for 3 days to obtain a saline-alkali land improver.

[0026] The inoculation mass of Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Candida utilis was 0.7%; the inoculation mass of Halophilic cocci, Bacillus pseudosturcium, Bacillus jellyoidis, and Arthropoda motilityis was 0.6%.

[0027] The bacterial counts of the described gelatinous Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas stolonifer, Rhodotorula glutinis, Candida utilis, Halophilic cocci, and Nocardia corallid are all 300 million / g.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] A fertilizer composition for corn planting in soda saline-alkali soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of saline-alkali soil conditioner, 20 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of diatomaceous earth, 12 parts of compound fertilizer, 6 parts of polyglutamic acid, 8 parts of sulfonated lignite, and 4 parts of zinc humate; wherein the NPK ratio in the compound fertilizer is 26:12:15.

[0030] The preparation method of the saline-alkali land conditioner is as follows: (1) The carbon-nitrogen ratio of citrus waste was adjusted to 30:1 and the moisture content was 65%. Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis and Candida utilis were inoculated and aerobic fermentation was carried out at 32°C and 1.2 vvm for 72 hours to obtain the first fermentation slurry. (2) Add halophilic cocci, pseudostrongy Bacillus, gelatinous Bacillus and arthropathobacter to the first fermentation slurry, and anaerobic ferment at 35°C for 7 days to obtain the second fermentation slurry; (3) Mix the second fermentation slurry with straw particles at a mass ratio of 1:0.42 and age for 7 days to obtain a saline-alkali land improver.

[0031] The inoculation mass of Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Candida utilis was 0.9%; the inoculation mass of Halophilic cocci, Bacillus pseudosturcium, Bacillus jellyoidis, and Arthropoda motilityis was 0.8%.

[0032] The bacterial counts of the described gelatinous Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas stolonifer, Rhodotorula glutinis, Candida utilis, Halophilic cocci, and Nocardia corallis are all 500 million / g.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] A fertilizer composition for corn planting in soda saline-alkali soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of saline-alkali soil conditioner, 12 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of diatomaceous earth, 7 parts of compound fertilizer, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 4 parts of sulfonated lignite, and 2 parts of zinc humate; wherein the NPK ratio in the compound fertilizer is 23:9:12.

[0035] The preparation method of the saline-alkali land conditioner is as follows: (1) The carbon-nitrogen ratio of citrus waste was adjusted to 26:1 and the moisture content was 61%. Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis and Candida utilis were inoculated and aerobic fermentation was carried out at 30°C and an aeration rate of 0.9 vvm for 50 hours to obtain the first fermentation slurry. (2) Add halophilic cocci, pseudostrongy Bacillus, gelatinous Bacillus and arthropathobacter to the first fermentation slurry, and anaerobic ferment at 31°C for 6 days to obtain the second fermentation slurry; (3) Mix the second fermentation slurry with straw particles at a mass ratio of 1:0.25 and age for 4 days to obtain a saline-alkali land improver.

[0036] The inoculation mass of Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Candida utilis was 0.75%; the inoculation mass of Halophilic cocci, Bacillus pseudosturcium, Bacillus jellyoidis, and Arthropoda motilityis was 0.65%.

[0037] The bacterial counts of the described gelatinous Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas stolonifer, Rhodotorula glutinis, Candida utilis, Halophilic cocci, and Nocardia corallid are all 400 million / g.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] A fertilizer composition for corn planting in soda saline-alkali soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of saline-alkali soil conditioner, 18 parts of humic acid, 12 parts of diatomaceous earth, 11 parts of compound fertilizer, 5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 7 parts of sulfonated lignite, and 3 parts of zinc humate; wherein the NPK ratio in the compound fertilizer is 25:11:14.

[0040] The preparation method of the saline-alkali land conditioner is as follows: (1) The carbon-nitrogen ratio of citrus waste was adjusted to 29:1 and the moisture content was 64%. Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis and Candida utilis were inoculated and aerobic fermentation was carried out at 31°C and an aeration rate of 1.1 vvm for 70 hours to obtain the first fermentation slurry. (2) Add halophilic cocci, pseudostrongy Bacillus, gelatinous Bacillus and arthropathobacter to the first fermentation slurry, and anaerobic ferment at 34℃ for 7 days to obtain the second fermentation slurry; (3) Mix the second fermentation slurry with straw particles at a mass ratio of 1:0.4 and age for 6 days to obtain a saline-alkali land improver.

[0041] The inoculation mass of Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Candida utilis was 0.85%; the inoculation mass of Halophilic cocci, Bacillus pseudosturcium, Bacillus jellyoidis, and Arthropoda motilityis was 0.75%.

[0042] The bacterial counts of the described gelatinous Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas stolonifer, Rhodotorula glutinis, Candida utilis, Halophilic cocci, and Nocardia corallid are all 300 million / g.

[0043] Example 5

[0044] A fertilizer composition for corn planting in soda saline-alkali soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of saline-alkali soil conditioner, 15 parts of humic acid, 12 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10 parts of compound fertilizer, 4 parts of polyglutamic acid, 5 parts of sulfonated lignite, and 3 parts of zinc humate; wherein the NPK ratio in the compound fertilizer is 24:10:13.

[0045] The preparation method of the saline-alkali land conditioner is as follows: (1) The carbon-nitrogen ratio of citrus waste was adjusted to 28:1 and the moisture content was 65%. Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis and Candida utilis were inoculated and aerobic fermentation was carried out at 30°C and 1 vvm for 60 hours to obtain the first fermentation slurry. (2) Add halophilic cocci, pseudostrongy Bacillus, gelatinous Bacillus and arthropathobacter to the first fermentation slurry, and anaerobic ferment at 33°C for 6 days to obtain the second fermentation slurry; (3) Mix the second fermentation slurry with straw particles at a mass ratio of 1:0.3 and age for 5 days to obtain a saline-alkali land improver.

[0046] The inoculation mass of Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Candida utilis was 0.8%; the inoculation mass of Halophilic cocci, Bacillus pseudosturcium, Bacillus jellyoidis, and Arthropoda motilityis was 0.7%.

[0047] The bacterial counts of the described gelatinous Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas stolonifer, Rhodotorula glutinis, Candida utilis, Halophilic cocci, and Nocardia corallid are all 400 million / g.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] The other methods are the same as in Example 5, except that the saline-alkali land conditioner is replaced with an equal amount of well-rotted pig manure.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] The other methods are the same as in Example 5, except that both Rhodotorula glutinis and Candida utilis are replaced with an equal amount of Nocardia coralli.

[0052] Comparative Example 3

[0053] The other methods are the same as in Example 5, except that halophilic cocci, pseudostrong bacilli and arthropathobacter are all replaced with an equal amount of gelatinous bacilli.

[0054] Experimental Example 1

[0055] A corn planting experiment was conducted in a soda-saline-alkali experimental field of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with the corn variety Fulei 818 selected.

[0056] The physicochemical properties of the soda saline-alkali land experimental field are as follows: the total salt content of the soil is 4.6 g / kg, the pH is 9.22, and the organic matter content is 15.75 g / kg.

[0057] The experimental field of soda saline-alkali land was divided into planting areas, with each planting area being approximately 667m². 2 Each experimental group randomly processed three regions.

[0058] The fertilizer composition prepared in Example 5 for corn planting in soda-saline-alkali land was used as the experimental group. The application method was as follows: the fertilizer composition was used as a base fertilizer and applied once before corn sowing and land preparation. The application rate was 100 kg / mu. After the fertilizer was evenly spread on the surface, it was immediately plowed to a depth of 25 cm to fully mix the fertilizer with the topsoil, and then the soil was harrowed and sown.

[0059] Comparative Examples 1 to 3 served as Control Groups 1 to 3, respectively; the application method was the same as in Example 5.

[0060] Prior art group: Apply the same amount of compound fertilizer as in Example 5 (NPK ratio of 24:10:13), but use a soil conditioner purchased from the prior art (purchase source: Yingtianqing Saline-Alkali Soil Conditioner, used according to the instructions; Tianjin Xinying Technology Co., Ltd.); the application method is the same as in Example 5.

[0061] Except for the application of soil conditioner and fertilizer, the growth management methods for maize were the same in all experimental groups. After maize harvest, maize yield, plant height, and straw weight were measured. Finally, the physical and chemical properties of the soil after maize harvest were measured. The results were all averaged and are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0062] Table 1. Survey of agronomic traits of maize

[0063] Table 2 Soil Physicochemical Properties Survey Form

[0064] Analysis of the experimental results in Tables 1 and 2 shows that the fertilizer composition provided by this invention exhibits significant yield-increasing and efficiency-enhancing effects in corn cultivation on soda-saline-alkali land. The corn yield, plant height, and straw fresh weight in the experimental group were all superior to those in the control groups and existing technology groups, indicating that this composition can effectively alleviate the inhibitory effect of saline-alkali stress on corn growth and development, promote robust plant growth, and prolong the grain-filling period, thereby achieving a synergistic increase in yield and biomass. This is attributed to the rational combination of the saline-alkali soil conditioner with functional components such as polyglutamic acid and zinc humate, achieving a stage-matching effect throughout the entire growth period: salt resistance and root promotion during the seedling stage, efficient nutrient supply during the jointing stage, and delaying premature aging during the grain-filling stage.

[0065] In terms of soil improvement, the experimental group showed the most significant decrease in soil pH and total salt content after harvest, while the organic matter content also increased significantly, demonstrating the synergistic effect of this fertilizer composition in reducing alkali and salt content, improving soil structure, and enhancing soil fertility. Compared to control group 1, which used decomposed pig manure, the saline-alkali soil conditioner prepared by stepwise fermentation of specific aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms in this invention is more effective in degrading anti-nutritional factors in citrus waste and enriching active metabolites, thereby significantly improving the rhizosphere microenvironment. In contrast, control groups 2 and 3, which changed the composition of microorganisms, did not show as good soil improvement effects as the experimental group, highlighting the advantages of specific microbial combinations.

[0066] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has significant advantages in improving maize yield, straw biomass, and soil salinity, with a more pronounced effect on increasing organic matter. This indicates that this invention is not a simple superposition of the functions of its components, but rather a systematic solution to the problems of nutrient fixation, rhizosphere stress, and structural barriers in maize cultivation in soda saline-alkali soils through the synergistic effect of multiple components such as soil conditioner, humic acid, diatomaceous earth, polyglutamic acid, and zinc fulvate. It achieves long-term synergistic effects of soil improvement and fertilization, providing a feasible technical solution for the green and efficient production of maize in soda saline-alkali soils.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer composition for corn cultivation in soda-saline soils, characterized by, The product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of saline-alkali soil conditioner, 10-20 parts of humic acid, 8-15 parts of diatomaceous earth, 5-12 parts of compound fertilizer, 2-6 parts of polyglutamic acid, 3-8 parts of sulfonated lignite, and 1-4 parts of zinc humate.

2. The fertilizer composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The NPK ratio in the compound fertilizer is 22~26:8~12:11~15.

3. The fertilizer composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the saline-alkali land conditioner is as follows: (1) Adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of citrus waste to 25-30:1 and the moisture content to 60%-65%. Inoculate Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis and Candida utilis, and aerobic ferment for 48-72 hours at 28-32℃ and an aeration rate of 0.8-1.2 vvm to obtain the first fermentation slurry. (2) Add halophilic cocci, pseudostrongy bacilli, gelatinous bacilli and arthropathobacter to the first fermentation slurry, and anaerobic ferment at 30~35℃ for 5~7 days to obtain the second fermentation slurry; (3) Mix the second fermentation slurry with straw particles at a mass ratio of 1:0.2~0.42 and age for 3~7 days to obtain a saline-alkali land improver.

4. The fertilizer composition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inoculation quality of Nocardia coralli, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Candida utilis was 0.7-0.9%.

5. The fertilizer composition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inoculation mass of *Halophilic cocci*, *Pseudomonas stolonifer*, *Bacillus mucilaginosa*, and *Arthrobacter motilityis* was 0.6–0.8%.

6. The fertilizer composition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bacterial counts of the described gelatinous Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas stolonifer, Rhodotorula glutinis, Candida utilis, Halophilic cocci, and Nocardia corallid are all 300-500 million / g.

7. A method for preparing the fertilizer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Simply mix the saline-alkali soil conditioner, humic acid, diatomaceous earth, compound fertilizer, polyglutamic acid, sulfonated lignite, and zinc humate.

8. The use of the fertilizer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the preparation of a soil conditioner for alleviating saline-alkali stress in soda saline-alkali land and reducing the total salt content of the soil.

9. The application of the fertilizer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in increasing corn yield in soda saline-alkali land and improving the rhizosphere growth environment.

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