A method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on steel plate roadbed boxes, comprising: dividing a temporary access road and an excavation operation platform within the existing waste excavation area of ​​a landfill; leveling the surface of the waste pile and filling it with gravel; laying steel plate roadbed boxes on the leveled base to form an operation platform, with the top surface of the platform higher than the waste surface; and dividing the platform into an excavator operation area and a transport vehicle parking area. This invention stipulates that only the covering film of the corresponding area of ​​the platform is removed during operation to control the extent of exposed waste; as excavation progresses, the platform is moved forward using a rolling extension method, and the roadbed boxes are recyclable. By recording data under different platform configurations and constructing an efficiency model, the number and layout of platforms can be adapted to different excavation scale requirements. While meeting the daily excavation scale requirements, this method helps reduce odor emission, improves operational safety, and enhances the scientific nature of platform configuration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of landfill excavation platform technology, specifically a method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box. Background Technology

[0002] Excavation of existing landfills is a crucial step in landfill ecological restoration, capacity expansion, and resource utilization. Excavation operations require continuous work on the surface of the landfill mass using heavy machinery such as excavators and dump trucks. Due to the low load-bearing capacity, uneven hardness, and high compressibility of landfill masses, direct work on the surface can easily lead to vehicles getting stuck or overturning. Therefore, temporary work platforms are typically laid out in the work area. Steel plate roadbed boxes are widely used for constructing these temporary work platforms due to their high load-bearing capacity and reusability.

[0003] However, existing technologies for constructing waste excavation platforms still have the following shortcomings: Firstly, from the perspective of odor control, the platform, as a visible odor source, should not be too large. However, the daily operational scale requirement for excavating existing waste in large landfills often exceeds 3,000 tons. A smaller platform area cannot accommodate a sufficient number of excavators and transport vehicles simultaneously, resulting in operational efficiency failing to meet the project schedule requirements. Secondly, existing platform setups largely rely on field experience and lack a systematic approach to optimize platform size, quantity, and layout based on different excavation scale requirements (such as 3,000 tons, 4,000 tons, and above per day) and the shape of the waste pile. This is neither conducive to odor control nor efficient in meeting the daily excavation and transportation scale requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a waste excavation platform construction method that can balance odor control and operational efficiency and adapt to different excavation scales. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box includes the following steps: Step 1: Regional functional planning. Within the landfill's existing waste excavation area, a temporary access road area and an excavation operation platform area are demarcated to achieve separate zoning for access and excavation operations. Step 2: Base pretreatment. The surface of the waste pile in the designated temporary access road area and excavation platform area is leveled, and the gaps and uneven parts in the area are filled with crushed stone to level them. Step 3: Laying steel plate roadbed boxes. Steel plate roadbed boxes are laid on the leveled base to form temporary access roads and excavation operation platforms. The top surfaces of the laid temporary access roads and excavation operation platforms are higher than the surface of the landfill. Step 4: Divide the work area. Divide the excavator work area and the transport vehicle parking work area within the excavation work platform to achieve separate operation and movement of excavators and transport vehicles.

[0006] Preferably, the temporary access road is 8 meters wide, and the road length is adjusted according to the distance between the landfill site entrance and the work site. The road extends from the site entrance to the side of the excavation platform. This width has been verified by engineering to meet the requirements for two vehicles to drive side by side and for safe distance. At the same time, the road length can be flexibly adjusted, taking into account both traffic efficiency and site adaptability.

[0007] Preferably, the planar dimensions of a single excavation platform are 30 meters × 30 meters, with a total area of ​​900 square meters. The aspect ratio of the excavation platform can be adjusted according to the shape of the waste pile and the scale of excavation, so that it is not 1:1. This allows for adjustment of the aspect ratio based on the shape and scale of the waste pile, reflecting the unity of standardization and flexibility in the method.

[0008] Preferably, a single excavation platform can simultaneously accommodate at least 4 excavators and 4 transport vehicles to carry out garbage excavation and loading operations. The platform also has reserved turning space for vehicles waiting to be operated. This clarifies the platform's equipment capacity and turning space, ensuring the feasibility and smoothness of high-density mechanized operations.

[0009] Preferably, the temporary access road and excavation platform must be laid within 8 hours before the start of the formal excavation operation; if the steel plate roadbed box is damaged or the roadbed settlement causes road surface potholes or vehicle getting stuck during the operation, it must be repaired within 2 hours to keep the road surface flat without obvious depressions. The time requirements for platform construction and the time limit for fault repair are specified to ensure the efficiency of construction preparation and the continuity of operation.

[0010] Preferably, the principle of minimizing exposed area is implemented throughout the entire operation: only the garbage covering film corresponding to the current working platform is removed, and barbaric excavation operations that completely remove the covering film are prohibited, in order to reduce the area of ​​exposed garbage, reduce odor emission, control odor diffusion from the source, and reflect the environmental friendliness of the method.

[0011] Preferably, as the excavation work advances, the temporary access road and the excavation platform extend forward synchronously by connecting steel plate roadbed boxes; after a single section of work is completed, all steel plate roadbed boxes can be 100% recycled and reused, reducing the total life cycle cost.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes scale verification and equipment turnover analysis steps: recording the number of equipment, vehicle turnover frequency and daily excavation volume under different platform configurations, constructing an excavation efficiency model, and having the ability to quantitatively evaluate and continuously optimize.

[0013] Preferably, the platform adaptation design step is also included: based on the optimal platform configuration determined by the excavation efficiency model, as well as the target daily excavation scale requirements and the actual shape of the landfill, the corresponding number and arrangement of excavation operation platforms and supporting temporary access roads are matched and set up to adapt to the high-efficiency operation requirements of different excavation scales. Based on the efficiency model, the platform adaptive design is realized, which can scientifically match the number and layout of platforms for different daily excavation scales (such as 3,000 tons).

[0014] Preferably, dedicated on-site supervisors are assigned to the work platform to guide excavators and transport vehicles to operate in their respective zones in an orderly manner, reducing the probability of collisions and scrapes during operation. Combining management measures with hardware zoning further enhances operational safety and forms a complete safety assurance system.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention distinguishes temporary access roads from excavation operation platforms through regional functional planning. Combined with the leveling of the base with crushed stone and the laying of steel plate roadbed boxes, the platform construction process has clear steps and can be completed within 8 hours. In case of damage, it can be repaired within 2 hours, which helps to ensure the continuity of operations and construction efficiency.

[0016] This invention, by adhering to the principle of minimizing exposed area, removes only the garbage covering film corresponding to the current working platform area and controls the platform to be higher than the garbage surface. This helps to reduce the exposure range of odor sources and reduce odor emission, thereby improving the environmental quality of the landfill and its surroundings.

[0017] This invention separates the excavator's working area from the transport vehicle's parking area within the work platform, and reserves space for vehicle turning around and assigns dedicated on-site command personnel, thereby reducing the probability of safety accidents such as collisions, scrapes, and vehicles getting stuck.

[0018] This invention records the number of devices, vehicle turnover frequency, and daily excavation volume under different platform configurations and constructs an efficiency model. Based on this model, it adapts the number and layout of platforms to meet different excavation scale requirements. At the same time, it adopts a detachable connection method to enable 100% recycling and reuse of steel plate roadbed boxes, which helps to improve the scientific nature of platform configuration and reduce the total life cycle cost. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] A method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box mainly includes the following steps: Step 1: Regional Functional Planning. Based on the landfill master plan and the location of existing access roads, the on-site technical supervisor demarcates the direction of temporary access roads on the waste pile. The road starts at the end of the paved main road in the site and ends at the planned excavation area for the day. Simultaneously, a 30m x 30m square area is marked out within the work area as the first excavation platform. The road and platform form a 90-degree angle to facilitate vehicle turning.

[0021] Step Two: Foundation Pretreatment. A D6 bulldozer is used to roughly level the surface of the debris in the designated road and platform areas, removing large pieces of construction waste and sharp objects. Then, using excavator bucket teeth in conjunction with manual labor, surface cracks and depressions are filled with crushed stone with a particle size no larger than 50mm and leveled. Ensure the foundation has no significant abrupt changes in elevation, and the slope is controlled within 3%.

[0022] Step 3: Laying Steel Plate Roadbed Boxes. Standardized steel plate roadbed box units are used to lay steel plate roadbed boxes on the leveled base. First, a temporary access road is laid: The width is fixed at 8 meters. Starting from the end of the main road in the site, roadbed boxes are spliced ​​together piece by piece along the planned direction, extending to the edge of the work platform. The total road length is approximately 120 meters. Adjacent units are connected using snap-fit ​​or bolts to ensure a continuous and smooth road surface. Next, the excavation work platform is laid: In the pre-treated 30m x 30m area, roadbed boxes are laid from the end of the road outwards to form a complete 900-square-meter rectangular platform. During the laying process, the top surface of all roadbed boxes is ensured to be at least 20 centimeters higher than the surrounding waste surface to prevent waste from slipping or leachate from overflowing onto the platform. This forms the temporary access road and the excavation work platform, with the top surfaces of both the completed temporary access road and the excavation work platform higher than the surface of the landfill. During the operation, due to frequent braking by the transport vehicle, two roadbed boxes at the entrance of the temporary road sank, causing the road surface to become misaligned. Upon discovery, on-site personnel immediately deployed an excavator to lift the sunken roadbed boxes, filled the space underneath with gravel, and re-compacted it. The repairs were completed within the stipulated time (2 hours), restoring traffic flow. As the work platform moved forward, the roadbed boxes at the rear of the original work platform were lifted one by one and extended to the new position. Simultaneously, the temporary road was also extended forward. The entire relocation process did not affect normal operations the following day.

[0023] Step Four: Work Area Division. Within the excavation platform, divide the work area into an excavator work area and a transport vehicle parking area. Specifically, on the completed excavation platform surface, use reflective tape or movable barriers to demarcate two large zones: an excavator work area (approximately 12 meters wide, closer to the excavated waste surface) and a transport vehicle parking area (approximately 8 meters wide, closer to the temporary road), leaving a 4-meter buffer zone in between. Within the transport vehicle work area, further mark the loading point (within the excavator's turning radius) and the queuing area (along the direction of the temporary road). Simultaneously, reserve a 5m x 5m U-turn area at each end of the platform for transport vehicles to turn around.

[0024] Furthermore, four 30-ton excavators (three for excavating and loading waste, and one for assisting in slope trimming and moving the covering membrane) and four 30-ton dump trucks were deployed on the platform. A dedicated commander was assigned to stand at a high point on the platform to guide the vehicles in and out in an orderly manner and ensure precise loading through walkie-talkies and hand gestures. Continuous operation throughout the day showed that the platform could meet the project's requirement of 4,000 tons / day of excavation.

[0025] In the initial stage of the project, a set of different test conditions needs to be set up. Each condition is run continuously for several days, and the following data are recorded: hourly excavation volume, average vehicle turnaround time, excavator utilization rate, and platform congestion frequency. Then, statistical methods are used to establish an efficiency model between input parameters (platform size, number of equipment, road length, etc.) and output parameters (daily excavation volume, unit cost). This model can then be used to predict excavation efficiency under any new working condition. The scale-up validation step enables this method to have self-learning and continuous improvement capabilities.

[0026] In accordance with the aforementioned regulations, the project team continuously recorded data under different platform configurations: when using a single 900-square-meter rectangular platform, the daily excavation volume could reach over 4,000 tons / day; when using two smaller platforms in parallel with a temporary two-lane road in between, the daily excavation volume was further increased. Based on this data, an efficiency model was constructed to determine the optimal platform configuration for the landfill. Subsequent construction was carried out according to this model, consistently meeting the project schedule requirements.

[0027] Once the efficiency model is obtained, reverse engineering can be performed for different target excavation scales. For example, for larger daily excavation requirements, the model may provide multiple solutions: a single enlarged platform, multiple standard platforms in parallel, or multiple narrow platforms in series. The optimal solution is selected through economic comparison and pile shape adaptation. The output of the platform adaptation design step is a "platform configuration list," including: the number of platforms, the aspect ratio of a single platform, road layout diagram, suggested equipment quantity, and expected daily output. This is equivalent to a customized "work platform solution" for each construction project.

[0028] In step one, regional functional planning is the prerequisite foundation for the entire construction method. Unlike the conventional approach of simply laying roadbed boxes arbitrarily on the garbage surface, this invention emphasizes first distinguishing between two different functional areas—"roads" and "platforms"—in terms of planar layout. Roads are linear, primarily bearing the loads of straight-line travel and slight turning of transport vehicles; their width, flatness, and anti-skid requirements differ from those of platforms. Platforms are planar, primarily bearing the concentrated loads from excavator rotation, bucket digging reaction forces, and loading. Indiscriminate mixing of these areas would lead to chaotic traffic flow, interference between excavators and transport vehicles, and a higher risk of collisions. More importantly, separating roads from platforms allows transport vehicles to quickly enter and exit along dedicated roads, avoiding U-turns or prolonged waiting within the platform, thus freeing up the platform's effective working area. In practice, the planning must also consider the prevailing wind direction, placing the platform downwind or crosswind of odor diffusion, while ensuring the road entrance is upwind to minimize the driver's exposure to odors.

[0029] The slope of the waste pile must also be measured during the planning process. The road slope should not exceed 8%, otherwise it will be difficult for heavy-load transport vehicles to go uphill. In this case, a zigzag road or a reduction in the single load should be used. In short, regional functional planning is a comprehensive engineering judgment process. It involves not only demarcation, but also the balance of multiple factors such as load, traffic flow, safety, and environmental protection.

[0030] The baseline size of 900 square meters (30×30 meters) is based on engineering statistics: when four excavators are working simultaneously, each excavator requires approximately 200 square meters of working radius (turning, reversing, and slope trimming), totaling 800 square meters for all four. Adding a 100-square-meter buffer zone and turning area, the total is 900 square meters. A square layout allows excavators to be positioned at the four corners, each responsible for one quadrant, reducing mutual interference. However, actual waste piles have diverse shapes; sometimes, the pile is long and narrow, making it impossible to embed a square platform. In such cases, the platform's length-to-width ratio can be adjusted according to the pile shape, for example, making it 40 meters × 22.5 meters (still 900 square meters). A long, narrow platform is suitable for strip-shaped piles, with excavators arranged along a line and transport vehicles loading sequentially from one side along the road. When adjusting the length-to-width ratio, it is important to note that: the ratio should not exceed 2:1, otherwise the platform will be too narrow, making it difficult for vehicles to turn around; nor should it be less than 1:2, otherwise the platform will be too wide, resulting in low efficiency for excavators to remove soil over long distances. Therefore, the length-to-width ratio is an optimized choice within a certain range based on the geometric constraints of the pile.

[0031] Simultaneous operation of four excavators and four transport vehicles is an empirical upper limit. Exceeding this number leads to congestion within the platform, with waiting times exceeding operational time, resulting in diminishing marginal returns; fewer than this number results in underutilization of the platform area. Turnaround space is an easily overlooked but crucial design element: after loading, transport vehicles need to leave the platform. If there isn't enough space for them to turn around, they must reverse hundreds of meters to exit the temporary road, which is both dangerous and inefficient. Therefore, at least 12m x 12m turning areas should be reserved on both sides or at the end of the platform, allowing transport vehicles to complete a turnaround in one or two reversing maneuvers. The turning area can be extended using steel plate roadbed boxes or by utilizing the hardened waste surface (which needs to be compacted) on the outside of the platform. This invention requires reserved turning space within the platform, essentially introducing the "end-turn" concept from traffic engineering into the waste excavation scenario, significantly reducing the reversing distance of vehicles.

[0032] In step two, foundation pretreatment is crucial for ensuring the platform's flatness and load-bearing capacity. The surface of waste piles often contains voids, cracks, abrupt changes in hardness, and leachate seepage points. If roadbed boxes are laid directly without prior treatment, they may bend and break under heavy pressure due to localized suspension, or sink due to excessive softness in certain areas, causing the platform to tilt.

[0033] This invention uses crushed stone for leveling. The particle size of the crushed stone should be controlled between 20 and 50 mm. Stone that is too large cannot fill small gaps, while stone that is too small is easily squeezed into the waste. After filling, it is advisable to compact the stone 2-3 times with a small road roller or excavator track to initially solidify the stone with the waste. For leachate outflow points, drainage pipes should be installed first to guide the leachate to the outside of the platform, then geotextile should be laid for isolation, and finally crushed stone should be filled to prevent the leachate from softening the foundation. After pretreatment, the flatness should be checked using a level or laser rangefinder; the height difference within any 3-meter range should not exceed 5 cm. For soft soil areas, a layer of geogrid can be laid first before filling with crushed stone to enhance the overall bearing capacity. Although this step seems simple, it directly determines the settlement rate and repair frequency during platform use.

[0034] In step three, when laying the steel plate roadbed boxes, start from the end furthest from the landfill surface and gradually move towards the work surface to avoid repeated mechanical compaction of the leveled base. The joint between adjacent roadbed boxes should be controlled within 1-2 cm; if it is too large, gravel will leak out, and if it is too small, it cannot accommodate thermal expansion and contraction. After splicing, a small amount of fine gravel should be sprinkled again at the joint and swept into the gap with a broom to form an interlock. This invention requires that the top surface of the roadbed box after laying be higher than the surface of the landfill. This design has multiple benefits: first, it prevents the landfill from bulging onto the platform due to compression, causing wheel slippage; second, it prevents leachate from the landfill surface from flowing laterally onto the platform, contaminating the platform and reducing friction; third, it forms a relatively independent and clean working surface, allowing workers to stand on the platform to direct operations without sinking their feet; and fourth, the platform boundary, higher than the landfill surface, serves as a visual and physical barrier, indicating that machinery should not drive out of the platform area. A height difference of 15-30cm is generally recommended. If it is too high, the ramps to and from the platform will become steeper, and the chassis of the transport vehicle may scrape. If it is too low, the above-mentioned effects will be weakened. In practice, the height difference can be adjusted by filling more gravel at the bottom or using thickened roadbed boxes.

[0035] A temporary access road width of 8 meters is the optimal value verified in practice. This width allows two transport vehicles (approximately 2.5-2.8 meters wide) to pass side-by-side with a safety distance of more than 2 meters, while also allowing an excavator to assist in operations on the roadside without obstructing traffic. If the width is less than 7.5 meters, the rearview mirrors may scrape when two vehicles pass each other; if the width is greater than 9 meters, it will occupy too much garbage surface, increase the exposed area, and waste roadbed containers. The road length is adjusted according to the actual situation: when the work point is far from the main road of the site, the road can be hundreds of meters long; when the work point is adjacent to the main road, the road can be as short as 10 meters. However, when laying long roads on the garbage pile, the settlement and deformation of the road itself must be considered. An expansion joint (i.e., leaving a 1cm gap without locking) should be set every 30 meters, and a steel pipe pile (similar to the reinforcing pile in the invention) should be driven into both sides of the road every 20 meters to limit lateral slippage. The road of this invention is not only a passageway, but also the main artery of the entire logistics system. The scientific selection of its width and extension method is a prerequisite for ensuring that the daily excavation volume reaches more than 4,000 tons.

[0036] Temporary access roads and excavation platforms must be laid within 8 hours before the official start of excavation work. This 8-hour timeframe is based on the operational capacity of regular construction teams, ensuring that excavation work can proceed normally on the same day and avoiding downtime. Risks of potholes or vehicles getting stuck due to damage to steel plate roadbed boxes or roadbed settlement must be repaired within 2 hours. This 2-hour repair requirement reflects the engineering practicality of this invention. Excavation of existing waste is a continuous production process; any prolonged platform malfunction will bring the entire work line to a standstill. Therefore, this invention requires that spare roadbed boxes and commonly used repair materials be stocked on-site, and an emergency response team be available to ensure that the time from the discovery of a malfunction to the restoration of traffic does not exceed 2 hours.

[0037] As excavation progresses, the platform needs to be continuously moved forward. When relocating the excavation platform, instead of disassembling and reassembling all the roadbed boxes, a "rolling" extension method is used: the roadbed boxes at the rear of the platform (the excavated area) are strung together in a row, and a single excavator tows them to the new location, where they are then reassembled. This "dragging-and-moving" method significantly improves efficiency compared to the traditional method of hoisting each box individually.

[0038] Because all connections are detachable and require no cutting, all steel plate roadbed boxes are 100% recyclable. Recycled roadbed boxes can be reused after cleaning, inspection, and, if necessary, applying an anti-corrosion coating. This feature makes the total life-cycle cost of this invention significantly lower than that of one-time-laid concrete or gravel roads.

[0039] Step four, further dividing the platform into functional zones, is one of the core technical features that distinguishes this invention from the traditional "large-scale" paving method. The excavator working area is located on the side of the platform closest to the excavated waste surface. This area should have additional anti-slip measures (such as welded steel bar ends or rubber mats) because the excavator tracks generate significant horizontal shear force when turning. The transport vehicle parking area is located on the side of the platform closest to the temporary road. This area must be flat and free of any protrusions to prevent tire damage. The two areas are softly separated by cones, flags, or reflective strips; if possible, used tires can be used as a buffer zone. During loading, the excavator picks up material from the working area, rotates 90°~120°, and then suspends the bucket above the transport vehicle's cargo box to unload. When the transport vehicle reverses into the parking area, a dedicated commander guides it, ensuring that the vehicle's longitudinal axis is approximately perpendicular to the excavator's rotation centerline, maximizing the excavator operator's visibility. The size ratio of the work area to the parking area can be adjusted according to the excavator model and vehicle size. Generally, when four excavators are configured, the work area width is 15-18 meters, the parking area width is 8-10 meters, and the intermediate buffer zone is 3-5 meters. This zoned operation prevents vehicles and excavators from weaving through each other on the same plane, reducing the probability of collisions by more than 90%.

[0040] It should be noted that the entire operation adheres to the principle of minimizing exposed area: only the waste covering membrane corresponding to the current working platform area is removed; reckless excavation operations that involve removing the covering membrane across the entire area are prohibited, in order to reduce the area of ​​exposed waste and minimize odor dispersion. Traditional practices, in pursuit of speed, often involve removing large areas of covering membrane at once, followed by indiscriminate mechanical excavation, resulting in a huge exposed waste surface and significant odor diffusion. This method mandates that the membrane can only be removed from the platform area with steel plate roadbed boxes and the adjacent waste surface to be excavated (the width of which is equivalent to the working radius of the excavator). The covering membrane in other areas must remain intact, and premature removal is strictly prohibited.

[0041] When operating on the platform, the sequence for removing the covering membrane should be as follows: peel the membrane in sections, following the direction of the excavator's advance; immediately excavate each section after peeling it, and then peel the next section, always keeping the exposed waste surface area within a controllable range. Cracks or holes on non-operating surfaces should be repaired immediately with temporary membrane or tape. Adopting this principle can significantly reduce the odor concentration at the site boundary and minimize the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0042] In the complex, harsh, and dynamically changing environment of waste excavation, dedicated command personnel are indispensable. Command personnel should be familiar with the blind spots of various machines, accurately judge safe distances, master standardized command terminology, and possess emergency response capabilities. The command position should be located at a high point on the platform with good visibility. Command signals should be unified and clear. Equipping the platform with dedicated command personnel can significantly reduce the accident rate. This feature, together with the platform's zoning and traffic flow design, constitutes a complete safe operation system.

[0043] In summary, the waste excavation platform construction method based on steel plate roadbed boxes proposed in this invention systematically solves the technical problems of odor diffusion, equipment getting stuck, low operation efficiency, and difficulty in relocation during the excavation of existing waste through four core steps: regional functional planning, foundation pretreatment, steel plate roadbed box laying, and operation area division.

[0044] This method uses an 8-meter-wide temporary road and a 900-square-meter working platform as baseline parameters. The platform's length-to-width ratio can be flexibly adjusted according to the shape of the landfill, and strict time limits are set for construction within 8 hours and repair within 2 hours. By strictly controlling odor sources through the principle of minimizing exposed area, coupled with dedicated command and zoned operations, the method significantly improves operational safety and environmental friendliness. Furthermore, the introduction of scale verification, equipment turnover analysis, and efficiency model construction enables the platform design to scientifically adapt to different excavation scale requirements. Low-cost recycling is achieved through rolling extension and relocation and 100% steel plate recovery. This provides reliable technical support for the efficient, safe, and green excavation of existing waste in large landfills.

[0045] All other parts of this invention not described herein are the same as existing technologies, or are known technologies, or can be implemented using existing technologies, and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Regional functional planning. Within the landfill's existing waste excavation area, a temporary access road area and an excavation operation platform area are demarcated to achieve separate zoning for access and excavation operations. Step 2: Base pretreatment. The surface of the waste pile in the designated temporary access road area and excavation platform area is leveled, and the gaps and uneven parts in the area are filled with crushed stone to level them. Step 3: Laying steel plate roadbed boxes. Steel plate roadbed boxes are laid on the leveled base to form temporary access roads and excavation operation platforms. The top surfaces of the laid temporary access roads and excavation operation platforms are higher than the surface of the landfill. Step 4: Divide the work area. Divide the excavator work area and the transport vehicle parking work area within the excavation work platform to achieve separate operation and movement of excavators and transport vehicles.

2. The steel plate subgrade box based trash excavation platform construction method according to claim 1, characterized by, The temporary access road is 8 meters wide, and its length is adjusted according to the distance between the landfill site entrance and the work site. The road extends from the site entrance to the side of the excavation platform.

3. The steel plate subgrade box based trash excavation platform construction method according to claim 1, characterized by, Each excavation platform has a planar dimension of 30 meters × 30 meters and a total area of ​​900 square meters. The aspect ratio of the excavation platform can be adjusted to be different from 1:1, depending on the shape of the waste pile and the scale of excavation required.

4. The steel plate subgrade box based trash excavation platform construction method according to claim 3, characterized by, A single excavation platform can simultaneously accommodate at least 4 excavators and 4 transport vehicles to carry out garbage excavation and loading operations, and the platform also has reserved space for vehicles to turn around.

5. The steel plate subgrade box based trash excavation platform construction method according to claim 1, characterized by, The temporary access road and excavation platform must be laid within 8 hours before the formal excavation operation begins; if the steel plate roadbed box is damaged or the roadbed settlement causes potholes or vehicles to get stuck during the operation, it must be repaired within 2 hours to keep the road surface flat and without obvious depressions.

6. The method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entire operation process adheres to the principle of minimizing exposed area control: only the garbage covering film corresponding to the current working platform is removed, and barbaric excavation operations that completely remove the covering film are prohibited, in order to reduce the area of ​​exposed garbage and reduce the emission of odors.

7. The method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box according to claim 1, characterized in that, As the excavation work progresses, the temporary access road and the excavation platform extend forward in sync by connecting steel plate roadbed boxes; after a single section of work is completed, all steel plate roadbed boxes can be 100% recycled and reused.

8. The method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes scale verification and equipment turnover analysis steps: recording the number of equipment, vehicle turnover frequency and daily excavation volume under different platform configurations, and constructing an excavation efficiency model.

9. The method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes platform adaptation design steps: based on the optimal platform configuration determined by the excavation efficiency model, as well as the target daily excavation scale requirements and the actual shape of the landfill, matching and setting up the corresponding number and arrangement of excavation operation platforms and supporting temporary access roads to adapt to the high-efficiency operation requirements of different excavation scales.

10. The method for constructing a waste excavation platform based on a steel plate roadbed box according to claim 1, characterized in that, Dedicated on-site supervisors are assigned to the work platform to guide excavators and transport vehicles to operate in their respective zones in an orderly manner, thereby reducing the probability of collisions and scrapes during operations.