Construction device and construction method for high-slope counter-pulling anchor cable of filled embankment

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of high slope anchoring technology, and solves the problems of cumbersome anchor cable support fixing, inability to automatically splice multiple support sections, and low cable lowering efficiency in the prior art. This invention provides a construction device and method for tie-down anchor cables in existing high slope filling. The anchor includes multiple splicable supports, each support consisting of a central tube, a positioning ring, and four anchor cables. Adjacent supports are self-locked by insertion through a first clamp and a second clamp. The cable lowering mechanism includes two pushing components, one at the front and one at the rear. The pushing plate in the pushing component pushes the central tube and presses the anchor cable into the open cable hole of the positioning ring. A stacking cavity is provided on the rear side of the pushing component. The supports fall automatically to the feeding area one by one. During the falling, the anchor cables below and on both sides are automatically pre-positioned. This invention realizes continuous automatic feeding of supports, integrated pushing and pressing anchoring, and automatic locking splicing, which greatly improves the operation efficiency of high slope anchor cable construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high slope anchoring technology, specifically to an existing construction device and method for tie-anchor cables in high slope embankment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of highways, railways, water conservancy, and urban infrastructure in my country, the need for reinforcement of high slopes is becoming increasingly urgent. Prestressed anchor cable technology has become an ideal choice for the reinforcement of existing high and steep slopes due to its advantages such as active prestressing, reasonable force mechanism, and lightweight structure.

[0003] Existing anchor cable structures typically consist of multiple steel strands and several centering supports spaced apart along the length. The centering supports are used to reliably separate and evenly distribute the steel strands within the borehole, ensuring that each steel strand is fully encased in cement grout and can fully utilize its load-bearing capacity.

[0004] Regarding the fixing method of the centering bracket and the steel strand, Chinese patent CN104963339A discloses an anchor cable centering bracket device, which uses inner grooves and outer grooves arranged on the inner and outer walls of the isolation bracket to fix the steel strand. However, the steel strand still needs to be tied and fixed in the groove with tie wire, which is cumbersome and not conducive to efficient on-site construction.

[0005] For the on-site installation of anchor cable components, Chinese patent CN206467654U proposes a multi-layer nested, coaxial, sequentially assembled anchor cable structure to reduce the number and weight of anchor cable components during each stage of construction. However, this solution only addresses the issues of anchor cable component accessibility and sequential cable lowering; it lacks a reliable automatic connection mechanism between multiple support sections, making continuous automatic cable lowering impossible.

[0006] Regarding anchor cable installation, Chinese patent CN217813538U discloses an anchor cable pushing device that uses a rotating pushing component to quickly push the anchor cable into the anchor cable installation hole. Chinese patent CN112177644B discloses a mining anchor cable auxiliary installation device that uses paired friction wheels to propel the anchor cable; however, anchor cable installation still requires manual assistance, resulting in high labor intensity and low construction efficiency. Chinese patent CN109944241A proposes an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device, changing the anchor cable installation from "pushing" at the tail to "traction" at the head, avoiding bending and twisting phenomena. However, it still fails to solve the problem of automated continuous splicing and cable lowering of anchor cable supports.

[0007] In summary, the existing technology still has the following technical problems: First, the binding and fixing operation of the centering support and anchor cables is cumbersome and the construction efficiency is low; second, there is a lack of a reliable automatic connection mechanism between multiple support sections, making it impossible to achieve continuous automatic cable lowering; third, the pushing devices are mostly concentrated on the simple anchor cable pushing stage, failing to achieve the integrated action of support pushing, anchor cable pressing, and support splicing. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a construction device and method that can realize continuous splicing and lowering of tie anchor cables on high slopes. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve, or at least partially solve, the technical problems of cumbersome anchor cable support fixing, inability to automatically splice multiple support sections, and low cable lowering efficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides an existing construction device and method for tie-rod anchor cables in high embankment slopes.

[0009] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention provides an existing construction device and method for tie-anchor cable construction of high slope embankments, including an anchor and a cable lowering mechanism. The anchor includes a support and an anchor cable. The support includes a central tube. The front and rear ends of the central tube are respectively provided with a first clamp and a second clamp. When two adjacent central tubes are connected, the first clamp cooperates with the second clamp to lock the two central tubes. A positioning ring is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the central tube. Four cable holes are equidistantly arranged on the circumference of the positioning ring in an upward, downward, left, and right direction. The anchor cable is distributed in a circumferential direction corresponding to the four locking holes. A fixing ring sleeved on the outside of the central tube is fixedly provided at the front end of the four locking holes. The lower cable mechanism includes two pushing components distributed front to back. Each pushing component includes two sets of pushing plates that are distributed opposite each other and rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The two sets of pushing plates on the front side are symmetrically distributed from left to right, and the two pushing plates on the rear side are symmetrically distributed from top to bottom. One end of the push plate is provided with a cable groove. When the two sets of push plates pass the side of the central tube during the rotational movement: the two sets of push plates are respectively clamped on the two sides of the central tube, the cable groove is fitted with the anchor cable on the corresponding side, and the cable groove is aligned with the lock hole. The rear push assembly is connected to a power assembly, which drives two sets of push plates located on the rear side to perform synchronous counter-rotational motion and push the central tube forward. When the central tube is pushed forward, the two sets of push plates located on the front side perform synchronous counter-rotational motion in the direction of movement of the central tube.

[0010] Optionally, the first clamp includes a cone head, a slot, and a first spring. The cone head is slidably disposed at the front end of the central tube. Multiple slots are equidistantly disposed on the side of the cone head along the circumferential direction. The first spring is disposed inside the central tube to provide a forward elastic force to the cone head. The second clamp includes a clamping block, a guide block, a conical sleeve, and a second spring. The clamping blocks are distributed circumferentially with the clamping slots at the rear end inside the central tube. The clamping blocks slide in the radial direction with the central tube. The guide block is fixedly disposed on the front side of the clamping block. The conical sleeve is slidably disposed at the rear end inside the central tube. The rear end of the conical sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide block. The second spring is disposed between the conical sleeve and the central tube to provide a rearward elastic force to the conical sleeve. When the two central tubes are connected, the first spring inside the rear central tube causes the slot to extend into the front central tube along with the cone, and the second spring causes the locking block to insert into the slot.

[0011] Optionally, the pushing assembly includes a main frame and two sets of driving units. Each set of driving units includes a rotary belt and pulleys. The rotary belt is rotatably mounted on the main frame and is arranged parallel to the central tube. Both ends of the rotary belt are provided with pulleys, which are rotatably mounted on the main frame. Multiple pushing plates are equidistantly arranged on the belt surfaces of the two sets of rotary belts. The distance between the rotary belt and the center of the central tube is greater than the outer diameter of the positioning ring. The distance between the two pushing assemblies is an integer multiple of the distance between two adjacent pushing plates.

[0012] Optionally, the power assembly includes a motor, a long shaft, and two bevel gear pairs. The motor is located on one side of the front push assembly. The long shaft is rotatably mounted on the main frame located at the rear and is arranged vertically. The bottom end of the long shaft is connected to the output shaft of the motor. The two bevel gear pairs are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the long shaft. The driving bevel gear in each bevel gear pair is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the long shaft, and the driven bevel gear is connected to one of the pulleys in the rear push assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the rear side of the pushing component is provided with a first guide wheel group and three second guide wheel groups. The upper anchor cable passes through the rear pushing component and extends upward at an angle and passes through the first guide wheel group. The lower and left and right anchor cables pass through the rear pushing component and pass through the three second guide wheel groups in a horizontal state. A feeding area is provided between the second wheel assembly and the rear pushing component. The bracket is pushed into the rear pushing component from the feeding area. When the bracket is in the feeding area, the anchor cable below can enter the corresponding cable hole. The anchor cables on the left and right sides are supported on the inner wall of the top of the corresponding cable hole.

[0014] Optionally, the second guide wheel assembly includes a wheel frame and a tensioning wheel and a guide wheel rotatably mounted on the wheel frame. The tensioning wheel is disposed on the upper and lower sides of the wheel frame, and the two tensioning wheels clamp the anchor cable from the upper and lower sides respectively. The guide wheel is disposed parallel to the tensioning wheel located on the lower side and is used to support the bottom of the anchor cable. A damping assembly is disposed on the wheel frame. The damping assembly adjusts the resistance encountered by the anchor cable when it is pulled forward by adjusting the rotational resistance of the tensioning wheel.

[0015] Optionally, the damping assembly includes a damping pad, a preload spring, and a preload bolt. The damping pad contacts the side of the tension wheel's axle. The preload spring is connected to the damping pad. The preload bolt is threaded onto the wheel frame. The preload bolt adjusts the rotational resistance of the damping pad to the tension wheel by compressing or releasing the preload spring.

[0016] Optionally, the orifice is configured in a trumpet shape, and the size of the junction between the orifice and the lock hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the anchor cable. The top of the junction between the bottom sidewall of the orifice on the left and right sides and the circumferential surface of the support plate is inclined inward to form a relief surface. When the anchor cable passes through the relief surface from bottom to top, the anchor cable moves to the area below the top inner wall of the orifice.

[0017] Optionally, a guide frame is provided above the feeding area, and a stacking cavity is formed inside the guide frame. The stacking cavity is arranged in the shape of a parallelogram with the top of the front and rear sides inclined backward. Multiple supports are stacked in the stacking cavity from bottom to top. The front and rear sides of the stacking cavity are provided with sleeve grooves that fit onto the end of the central tube. The middle of the stacking cavity is provided with a limiting groove parallel to the sleeve groove. The two side walls of the limiting groove are in close contact with the relief surface. A pad supporting the bottom of the central tube in the feeding area is provided between the bottom rear end of the guide frame and the bottom end of the limiting groove.

[0018] A construction method for anchoring existing high embankment slopes, which applies the aforementioned existing tie-anchor cable construction device for high embankment slopes to the cable lowering operation, includes: Step 1, Equipment Positioning and Alignment: Place the device outside the anchor hole and align the pushing component with the anchor hole; Multiple supports are stacked in the stacking cavity. The fixing ring is put on the front end of the support located in the feeding area, and the fixing ring is made to be close to the front side of the positioning ring in the support in the feeding area. The two side walls of the limiting groove are close to the two side relief surfaces of the positioning ring, and the top of the side wall of the limiting groove is supported on the top inner wall of the orifice. Step 2, Pre-installation of bottom and left and right anchor cables: Press the left and right side anchor cables and the bottom anchor cable into the corresponding cable holes of the positioning ring in the feeding area and then pass them through the second guide wheel group; Step 3: Start pushing and pressing the upper anchor cable: Start the power unit and push the front end of the central tube in the feeding area into the rear pushing unit. Before the fixing ring enters the rear pushing unit, pause the power unit, press the upper anchor cable into the corresponding cable hole, and pass the upper anchor cable through the first guide wheel group, and then start the power unit again. Step 4, Continuous feeding: Before the last support in the stockpiling area falls into the feeding area, add a new support to the stockpiling area in the manner described in Step 2. Step 5: Repeat the operation: After the cable laying operation of the anchor hole is completed, move the entire device to the next anchor hole and repeat steps one to four to lay the cable for the next anchor hole.

[0019] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The anchorage of this invention integrates the anchor cable, central tube, and positioning ring into an independent support module. Adjacent supports achieve "insertion-locking" via a purely mechanical self-locking structure of cone head-cone sleeve-locking block, requiring no additional tools or operations and simplifying the automated splicing process. In damp, dusty backfill construction environments, this mechanical self-locking structure offers higher reliability compared to electronic or hydraulic locking. The multi-section splicing design of the central tube minimizes space constraints on the anchorage, facilitating transportation and cable lowering operations.

[0020] 2. In this invention, the rear pushing component acts as an active power source to drive the pushing plate to rotate synchronously, while the front pushing component acts as a driven guide component that rotates passively by friction, thus achieving a balance between pushing accuracy and structural simplification.

[0021] 3. While the push plate of the present invention pushes the support forward, its cable groove simultaneously presses the anchor cable into the cable hole of the positioning ring, combining the two independent processes of "pushing" and "anchoring" into one, which greatly improves construction efficiency.

[0022] 4. The parallelogram-shaped stacking cavity of this invention utilizes the weight of the support frame itself to automatically drop the components one by one into the feeding area. The cooperation between the sleeve groove and the limiting groove ensures the positional stability and circumferential positioning accuracy of the support frame during stacking and dropping. The lower and left and right side anchor cables automatically complete the initial positioning during the support frame dropping process using gravity and the guide surface, while the upper anchor cable is finally pressed in by the push plate after entering the push assembly.

[0023] 5. In the solution of the present invention, when the mechanical locking between adjacent supports fails to lock effectively due to manufacturing tolerances or foreign object interference, the friction generated by the forward movement of the anchor cable can still drive the subsequent support to move forward, forming a reliable backup traction solution, which significantly improves the fault tolerance and operational continuity of the system.

[0024] 6. The combination of the construction method and device of the present invention enables an automated closed-loop process from material storage, feeding, pre-positioning, active pushing, passive guiding, automatic anchoring to continuous splicing. Compared with traditional manual cable threading, it can significantly shorten the cable laying operation time and reduce the dependence on workers' skills. It is particularly suitable for the rapid construction of large batches and long distances of anchor cables in existing high slope reinforcement projects. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the docking ends of the two supports of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Cross-sectional views of the first and second clamps; Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the first and second clamps; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the existing construction device for tie-anchor cables in filling high slopes according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the push assembly and power assembly on the rear side of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second guide wheel assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 This is the present invention. Figure 11 Enlarged view at point D; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the guide frame of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1. Anchor cable; 2. Central tube; 3. First clamp; 301. Cone head; 302. Slot; 303. First spring; 4. Second clamp; 401. Clamping block; 402. Guide block; 403. Cone sleeve; 404. Second spring; 5. Positioning ring; 6. Cable hole; 601. Orifice; 7. Fixing ring; 8. Pushing assembly; 801. Pushing plate; 802. Cable slot; 803. Main frame; 804. Rotary belt; 8 05. Pulley; 9. Power assembly; 901. Motor; 902. Long shaft; 903. Bevel gear pair; 10. First guide wheel assembly; 11. Second guide wheel assembly; 1101. Wheel frame; 1102. Tensioning wheel; 1103. Guide wheel; 12. Feeding area; 13. Damping pad; 14. Preload spring; 15. Preload bolt; 16. Recessed surface; 17. Guide frame; 18. Sleeve groove; 19. Limiting groove; 20. Pad plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention. It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a construction device for tie-anchor cables in existing high embankment slopes, including anchorages and cable lowering mechanisms.

[0031] 1. Anchor structure: like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the anchorage includes multiple connectable supports and four anchor cables 1. Each support includes a central tube 2, with a first clamp 3 and a second clamp 4 at its front and rear ends, respectively. When two adjacent central tubes 2 are joined, the first clamp 3 of the latter central tube 2 cooperates with the second clamp 4 of the former central tube 2 to lock the two central tubes 2 into one unit. A positioning ring 5 is fixedly fitted in the middle of the central tube 2, and four cable holes 6 are equally spaced on the circumference of the positioning ring 5, located in the upper, lower, left, and right directions, respectively. The four anchor cables 1 are distributed one-to-one with the four cable holes 6 in the ring direction. A fixing ring 7 is provided on the front side of the positioning ring 5 (the side closer to the depth of the anchor hole), which is fitted onto the outside of the central tube 2. Its function is to temporarily restrain the ends of the four anchor cables 1 during the initial pushing process to prevent them from spreading out. The segmented support of the anchorage is less restricted by site space and is more convenient for transportation and cable lowering operations.

[0032] 2. Structure of the lower cable mechanism: like Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, the lower cable mechanism includes two pushing components 8 distributed front-to-back along the pushing direction. Each pushing component 8 contains two sets of pushing plates 801 that are relatively distributed and rotate synchronously in opposite directions. In the first pushing component 8 located at the front, the two sets of pushing plates 801 are symmetrically distributed from left to right; in the pushing component 8 located at the rear, the two sets of pushing plates 801 are symmetrically distributed from top to bottom. Each pushing plate 801 has a cable groove 802 at one end that contacts the central tube 2.

[0033] 3. Work process: When the two sets of push plates 801 pass the side of the central tube 2 during the rotational motion: the two sets of push plates 801 are respectively clamped on the two sides of the central tube 2. At this time, the cable groove 802 just fits the anchor cable 1 on the corresponding side, and the axial position of the cable groove 802 is aligned with the axial position of the cable hole 6 on the positioning ring 5.

[0034] like Figure 7 As shown, the rear push assembly 8 is connected to a power assembly 9. The power assembly 9 drives the two sets of push plates 801 located on the rear side to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, thereby pushing the central tube 2 forward. When the central tube 2 is pushed forward, its front end enters the clamping area of ​​the front push assembly 8, and the two sets of push plates 801 in the front push assembly 8 are passively rotated synchronously in opposite directions by friction.

[0035] In this embodiment, the anchor is designed as a modular support, facilitating factory prefabrication and rapid on-site assembly. The rear pushing component 8 actively pushes the support, while the front pushing component 8 guides it, ensuring smooth transport of the ultra-long anchor cable 1 within the borehole of the loose fill. The pushing plate 801 simultaneously performs two actions: "pushing forward" and "pressing the anchor cable 1 into the cable hole 6," achieving integrated composite actions and significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0036] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the first clamp 3 includes a cone head 301, a slot 302, and a first spring 303. The cone head 301 is slidably mounted inside the front end of the central tube 2 and can extend and retract axially. Multiple slots 302 (four in this embodiment) are equidistantly spaced along the outer circumferential surface of the cone head 301. The first spring 303 is placed inside the central tube 2, with one end abutting against a step on the inner wall of the central tube 2 and the other end abutting against the rear end face of the cone head 301. The first spring 303 provides a forward elastic force to the cone head 301, keeping it extended beyond the front end of the central tube 2 when not subjected to external force.

[0037] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the second clamp 4 includes a clamping block 401, a guide block 402, a conical sleeve 403, and a second spring 404. The clamping blocks 401 are distributed circumferentially with the clamping grooves 302 at the rear end inside the central tube 2, and each clamping block 401 slides radially against the wall of the central tube 2. The guide block 402 is fixedly mounted on the front side of the clamping block 401, and its outer surface is a conical slope. The conical sleeve 403 is slidably mounted inside the rear end of the central tube 2, and its rear inner wall has a conical surface that matches the slope of the guide block 402. This conical surface slides around the outside of the guide block 402. The second spring 404 is located between the front end face of the conical sleeve 403 and the step inside the central tube 2, providing a rearward elastic force to the conical sleeve 403.

[0038] When the two central tubes 2 are connected, the first spring 303 inside the rear central tube 2 causes the slot 302 to extend into the interior of the front central tube 2 along with the cone 301, and the second spring 404 causes the block 401 to be inserted into the slot 302.

[0039] Specifically, when the two supports are docked, the front end of the latter central tube 2 is inserted into the rear end of the former central tube 2: the conical head 301 of the latter central tube 2 pushes against the conical sleeve 403 of the former tube, overcoming the elastic force of the second spring 404 and causing the conical sleeve 403 to move forward. After the conical sleeve 403 moves forward, its inner conical surface releases the radial constraint on the guide block 402. The conical head 301 of the latter tube continues to extend until its slot 302 reaches the position corresponding to the locking block 401 of the former central tube 2. At this time, the second spring 404 of the former central tube 2 pushes the conical sleeve 403 to return to its original position, and the conical surface of the conical sleeve 403 forces the locking block 401 to slide radially inward through the guide block 402. The locking block 401 automatically inserts into the slot 302 on the conical head 301 of the latter tube, completing the locking.

[0040] The first clamp 3 and the second clamp 4 in this embodiment realize a purely mechanical self-locking function of "insertion and locking", which requires no additional tools or operations, simplifies the automated splicing process, and has extremely high reliability in the construction environment of humid and dusty fill bodies.

[0041] When the current central tube 2 leaves the rear push component 8, the rear push component 8 actively pushes the rear central tube 2 forward. At this time, the rear central tube 2 is pushed forward by the rear push component 8, so that the rear central tube 2 can actively connect with the front central tube 2, so that the first clamp 3 inside the rear central tube 2 is inserted into the rear end of the front central tube 2, ensuring the effective connection and locking of the two central tubes 2.

[0042] like Figure 10 As shown, each pushing component 8 includes a main frame 803 and two sets of drive units. Each drive unit includes a rotary belt 804 and two pulleys 805. The rotary belt 804 is rotatably mounted on the main frame 803, and its rotation direction is parallel to the axis of the central tube 2. Pulleys 805 are provided at both ends of the rotary belt 804, and the two pulleys 805 are rotatably mounted at both ends of the main frame 803 for tensioning and driving the rotary belt 804. Multiple pushing plates 801 are equidistantly arranged on the belt surface of the two sets of rotary belts 804. The distance between the rotary belt 804 and the centerline of the central tube 2 is greater than the outer diameter of the positioning ring 5, thereby ensuring that the pushing plates 801 do not interfere with the positioning ring 5 during rotation.

[0043] Furthermore, the axial distance between the first pushing component 8 and the rear pushing component 8 is set to an integer multiple of the distance between two adjacent pushing plates 801. This ensures that the pushing plates 801 in the rear pushing component 8 and the pushing plates 801 in the front pushing component 8 can seamlessly connect and push in phase during alternating pushing, avoiding impact and jamming. Simultaneously, when the pushing plates 801 in the rear pushing component 8 do not interfere with the positioning ring 5, the pushing plates 801 in the rear pushing component 8 also do not interfere with the positioning ring 5 when the positioning ring 5 enters the rear pushing component 8.

[0044] like Figure 10 As shown, the power assembly 9 includes a motor 901, a long shaft 902, and two bevel gear pairs 903. The motor 901 is fixed to one side of the front push assembly 8. The long shaft 902 is rotatably mounted on the main frame 803 within the rear push assembly 8 via bearings, and the long shaft 902 is arranged vertically. The bottom end of the long shaft 902 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 901. The two bevel gear pairs 903 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the long shaft 902. The driving bevel gear in each bevel gear pair 903 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the long shaft 902, and the driven bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to one of the pulleys 805 within the rear push assembly 8.

[0045] In this embodiment, the power of the motor 901 is forcibly distributed to the upper and lower sets of rotary belts 804 within the rear pushing assembly 8 via the long shaft 902 and the bevel gear pair 903. This achieves synchronization of the two sets of pushing plates 801 within the rear pushing assembly 8, ensuring that the central tube 2 does not tilt during the pushing process. The front pushing assembly 8 is not powered and rotates passively by the friction force of the central tube 2 as it moves forward, simplifying the equipment structure and simultaneously achieving a follow-up guiding function.

[0046] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, a first guide wheel group 10 and three second guide wheel groups 11 are arranged on the rear side of the push component 8. The guide paths of the four anchor cables 1 are designed differently: The upper anchor cable 1 extends upward at an angle after passing backward through the rear push assembly 8 and passes through the first guide wheel group 10. The three anchor cables 1 located below and on the left and right sides pass backward through the rear push assembly 8 and then pass horizontally through the three second guide wheel groups 11 respectively.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, a feeding area 12 is reserved between the second guide wheel assembly 11 and the rear pushing component 8, enabling the bracket to be quickly positioned and initially located. The bracket to be pushed is pushed into the rear pushing component 8 from the feeding area 12. When the bracket is in the feeding area 12, the anchor cable 1 located below can enter the corresponding cable hole 6 (either manually assisted or forced into place by the weight of the bracket), while the anchor cables 1 located on the left and right sides are supported on the top inner wall of the opening 601 of the corresponding cable hole 6 (not yet fully inserted or may be fully inserted into the lateral locking hole).

[0048] In this embodiment, the bracket located in the feeding area 12 is supported by the anchor cables 1 located below and on the left and right sides. When the push component 8 on the rear side pushes the central tube 2 in front of the feeding area 12 forward, the pushed central tube 2 pulls the anchor cable 1 forward through the fixing ring 7. At this time, when the anchor cable 1 moves forward, it uses the friction between itself and the locking hole in the feeding area 12 to drive the bracket in the feeding area 12 forward, so that the bracket in the feeding area 12 can automatically enter the push component 8 on the rear side.

[0049] Furthermore, before the anchor cable 1 follows the support in the feeding area 12 into the rear pushing component 8, the lower anchor cable 1 is already positioned within the corresponding cable hole 6, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the anchor cables 1 located on the left and right sides are positioned in the corresponding lock holes or at least initially positioned in the corresponding openings 601, ensuring that when the support ring in the bracket in the feeding area 12 enters the rear pushing component 8, the cable groove 802 on the pushing plate 801 can fit the anchor cable 1 and press the anchor cable 1 into the cable hole 6.

[0050] like Figure 11 As shown, the second guide wheel assembly 11 includes a wheel frame 1101 and two tensioning wheels 1102 and a guide wheel 1103 rotatably mounted on the wheel frame 1101. The tensioning wheels 1102 are located on the upper and lower sides of the wheel frame 1101, respectively clamping the anchor cable 1 from the upper and lower sides. The guide wheel 1103 is arranged parallel to the lower tensioning wheel 1102, supporting the anchor cable 1 from the bottom and preventing it from detaching from the tensioning wheel 1102 due to gravity. A damping assembly is also provided on the wheel frame 1101, which adjusts the resistance experienced by the anchor cable 1 when it is pulled forward by adjusting the rotational resistance of the tensioning wheel 1102. The damping component can precisely adjust the conveying resistance according to the slack of the anchor cable 1, which not only prevents the anchor cable 1 from getting tangled, but also avoids damage to the anchor cable 1 due to excessive resistance. Furthermore, it can better ensure that the portion of the anchor cable 1 located inside and in front of the feeding zone 12 is taut, thereby improving the stability of the anchor cable 1 supporting the internal support of the feeding zone 12.

[0051] like Figure 12 As shown, the damping assembly includes a damping pad 13, a preload spring 14, and a preload bolt 15. The damping pad 13 (e.g., a rubber pad or a PTFE pad) makes frictional contact with the axle side of the tension wheel 1102. One end of the preload spring 14 is connected to the damping pad 13, and the other end abuts against the preload bolt 15. The preload bolt 15 is threaded onto the wheel frame 1101. By rotating the preload bolt 15, the preload bolt 15 compresses or releases the preload spring 14, thereby changing the normal force of the damping pad 13 on the tension wheel 1102, thus allowing for stepless adjustment of the rotational resistance of the damping pad 13 to the tension wheel 1102.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the opening 601 of the cable hole 6 is designed in a trumpet shape, meaning the size of the opening 601 is larger than the internal diameter of the cable hole 6. This trumpet-shaped opening 601 design allows the anchor cable 1 to automatically slide into the bottom of the cable hole 6 along the inclined surface when subjected to radial pressure from the push plate 801, achieving "passive insertion and automatic positioning," significantly reducing the risk of jamming. Furthermore, the size of the junction between the opening 601 and the cable hole 6 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the anchor cable 1 (e.g., 0.2-0.5 mm smaller), forming an elastic "lock" to prevent the anchor cable 1 from detaching itself without external force.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, at the junction of the bottom sidewall of the orifice 601 on the left and right sides and the circumferential surface of the positioning ring 5, an inwardly inclined relief surface 16 is provided, which forms a smooth slope. When the anchor cable 1 passes through the relief surface 16 from bottom to top, it will slide smoothly to the bottom of the inner wall of the top of the orifice 601, providing a precise initial position for the subsequent pressing action of the push plate 801, providing upward support for the support in the feeding area 12, and preventing the support in the feeding area 12 from deflecting.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, a guide frame 17 is installed above the feeding area 12. The interior of the guide frame 17 forms a stacking cavity with a parallelogram-shaped longitudinal section. The tops of its front and rear side walls slope backward. Multiple supports are stacked sequentially from bottom to top inside the stacking cavity. The parallelogram-shaped stacking cavity utilizes the weight of the supports themselves to automatically drop them one by one into the feeding area 12, eliminating the need for complex robotic arms or pushing cylinders, resulting in a simple and reliable structure.

[0055] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 13 As shown, grooves 18 are provided on both the front and rear side walls of the stacking cavity, which are fitted onto the ends of the central tube 2. The width of the grooves 18 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the central tube 2, which is used to restrict the support from moving forward and backward and left and right during stacking. A limiting groove 19 parallel to the grooves 18 is provided in the middle of the stacking cavity. The two side walls of the limiting groove 19 are in close contact with the relief surface 16 of the positioning ring 5, thereby preventing the support from rotating circumferentially under the action of gravity. A pad 20 is provided between the bottom rear end of the guide frame 17 and the bottom end of the limiting groove 19. The upper surface of the pad 20 supports the bottom of the central tube 2 located in the feeding area 12, ensuring that its center line is aligned with the center line of the pushing component 8.

[0056] In the embodiment, among the multiple supports stacked in the stacking cavity, the bottom of the rear end of each support is supported by the rear side groove 18 of the stacking cavity, and the top of the front end of the support is in contact with the side wall of the front side groove 18 of the stacking cavity. Among the upper and lower supports, the positioning ring 5 in the upper support presses against the top of the lower central tube 2, while the positioning ring 5 in the lower support is supported against the bottom of the upper central tube 2. The upper and lower support rings are staggered in the length direction of the central tube 2. At this time, each support is limited by multiple points, so that the support has extremely strong stability and is not easy to shift or misalign.

[0057] During the process of the support frame falling inside the stacking rack, the two sides of the limiting groove 19 are simultaneously supported on both sides of the positioning ring 5, so that the support frame cannot rotate, ensuring that when the support frame falls to the feeding area 12, the locking holes on the bottom and left and right sides of the positioning ring 5 are aligned with the corresponding anchor cables 1.

[0058] Taking the support in the feeding area 12 as the first support to be pushed and the support at the bottom of the stacking cavity as the second support to be pushed as an example, the process of the support being pushed from the stacking cavity is explained.

[0059] Process 1: When the first support is pushed forward by the rear push component 8, the first support will move forward at the bottom of the second support at the bottom of the stacking cavity. When the rear end of the central tube 2 in the first support is removed from the bottom of the positioning ring 5 of the second support, the central tube 2 in the second support is also removed from the top of the positioning ring 5 of the first support. At this time, the central tube 2 in the first support is supported on the front side of the bottom of the central tube 2 in the second support, and the rear end of the central tube 2 in the second support is supported by the rear sleeve groove 18.

[0060] Process 2: When the rear end of the central tube 2 in the first support is flush with the front end of the central tube 2 in the second support, the second support cannot fall directly into the feeding area 12. Instead, as the first support continues to be pushed forward, the second support moves downward along the inclined direction of the sleeve groove 18 and the limiting groove 19. During this process, the front end of the central tube 2 in the second support will move downward along the rear end of the central tube 2 in the first support.

[0061] Process 3: When the cone 301 in the second bracket passes the top of the rear end face of the central tube 2 in the first bracket, it will be compressed inward. When the central tube 2 in the second bracket is aligned with the central tube 2 in the first bracket, the second bracket falls into the feeding area 12. The cone 301 in the second bracket will extend under the action of the first spring 303, so that the locking block 401 and the locking groove 302 can be engaged, locking the first bracket and the second bracket into one piece.

[0062] Process 4: When the second support falls into the feeding area 12, under its own weight and the pressure of the other supports above, the lower locking hole of the positioning ring 5 located in the second support will automatically be fitted with the lower anchor cable 1. The anchor cables 1 on both sides of the positioning ring 5 will move up along the circumferential surface of the positioning ring 5 and enter the orifice 601 through the relief surface 16. At this time, if the anchor cables 1 on both sides are tightened, they will enter the cable holes 6 on both sides. If the anchor cables 1 on both sides are not tightened, they will be supported on the top side wall of the orifice 601. Thus, the lower and left and right anchor cables 1 are all positioned or initially positioned.

[0063] Process 5: The rear pushing component 8 continues to push the first bracket forward. If, at this time, the first and second brackets have not formed an effective lock in Process 3 above, the second bracket will move forward due to the friction of the anchor cable 1 as the anchor cable 1 is pulled forward. If, at this time, the first and second brackets have formed an effective lock in Process 3 above, the first bracket will directly pull the second bracket forward.

[0064] Process 6: When the positioning ring 5 of the second bracket enters the rear push assembly 8, the upper push plate 801 in the rear push assembly 8 puts the upper anchor cable 1 on and presses it down. When the push plate 801 contacts the top of the central tube 2 in the second bracket, the upper anchor cable 1 is completely pressed into the cable hole 6 above the positioning ring 5.

[0065] The above processes work together to achieve continuous automatic material feeding, precise positioning, reliable splicing, and automatic insertion of anchor cables 1, which greatly improves the operational efficiency of anchor cable 1 construction on high slopes.

[0066] This embodiment also provides a method for anchoring existing high slopes using the above-mentioned device, including the following steps: Step 1, Equipment Positioning and Alignment: Place the entire device outside the anchor hole and adjust its position so that the center of the pushing component 8 is aligned with the center of the anchor hole; stack multiple supports in sequence in the stacking cavity, and then put the fixing ring 7 on the front end of the support located in the feeding area 12, so that the fixing ring 7 is close to the front side of the positioning ring 5 in the support in the feeding area 12, so that the two side walls of the limiting groove 19 are close to the two side relief surfaces 16 of the positioning ring 5, and the top of the side wall of the limiting groove 19 is supported on the top inner wall of the orifice 601.

[0067] Step 2: Pre-positioning of bottom and left and right anchor cables 1: Manually press the anchor cables 1 on the left and right sides and the bottom anchor cable 1 into the corresponding cable holes 6 of the positioning ring 5 in the feeding area 12, and then pass the ends of these three anchor cables 1 through the corresponding second guide wheel group 11.

[0068] Step 3: Start pushing and pressing in the upper anchor cable 1: Start the power unit 9 and push the front end of the central tube 2 in the feeding area 12 into the second pushing unit 8. Before the fixing ring 7 enters the second pushing unit 8, pause the power unit 9, manually press the upper anchor cable 1 into the corresponding cable hole 6, and pass the end of the upper anchor cable 1 through the first guide wheel group 10. Then restart the power unit 9 to start continuous pushing.

[0069] Step 4, Continuous feeding: Before the last support in the stockpiling area is about to fall into the feeding area 12, quickly replenish the stockpiling area with new supports in the manner of Step 2 to achieve uninterrupted feeding.

[0070] Step 5: Repeat the operation: After the cable laying operation of the anchor hole is completed, move the entire device to the next anchor hole and repeat steps one to four to lay the cable for the next anchor hole.

[0071] The above construction methods and equipment work together perfectly to form a fully automated closed-loop process from material storage, feeding, pre-positioning, active pushing, passive guiding, automatic anchoring to continuous splicing. Compared with traditional manual cable threading, it can shorten the cable laying operation time and has low dependence on worker skills. It is particularly suitable for the rapid construction of large batches and long distances of anchor cables in existing high slope reinforcement projects.

[0072] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A construction device for tie-anchor cables in existing high slope embankment construction, characterized in that, The system includes an anchor and a cable lowering mechanism. The anchor includes a bracket and an anchor cable (1). The bracket includes a central tube (2). The front and rear ends of the central tube (2) are respectively provided with a first clamp (3) and a second clamp (4). When two adjacent central tubes (2) are connected, the first clamp (3) cooperates with the second clamp (4) to lock the two central tubes (2). A positioning ring (5) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the central tube (2). The positioning ring (5) has four cable holes (6) equidistantly arranged on its circumference in the upper, lower, left and right directions. The anchor cable (1) is distributed in the circumferential direction in correspondence with the four locking holes. A fixing ring (7) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the central tube (2) at the front end of the four locking holes. The lower cable mechanism includes two push components (8) distributed in front and behind. Each push component (8) includes two sets of push plates (801) that are distributed in opposite directions and rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The two sets of push plates (801) on the front side are symmetrically distributed from left to right, and the two push plates (801) on the rear side are symmetrically distributed from top to bottom. One end of the push plate (801) is provided with a cable groove (802). When the two sets of push plates (801) pass the side of the central tube (2) during the rotational movement: the two sets of push plates (801) are respectively clamped on the two sides of the central tube (2), the cable groove (802) is fitted with the anchor cable (1) on the corresponding side, and the cable groove (802) is aligned with the lock hole; The rear push assembly (8) is connected to a power assembly (9), which drives the two sets of push plates (801) located on the rear side to perform synchronous reverse rotation and push the central tube (2) forward. When the central tube (2) is pushed forward, the two sets of push plates (801) located on the front side follow the direction of movement of the central tube (2) to perform synchronous reverse rotation.

2. The existing high slope embankment tie-anchor construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first clamp (3) includes a cone (301), a slot (302) and a first spring (303). The cone (301) is slidably disposed at the front end of the central tube (2). Multiple slots (302) are equidistantly disposed on the side of the cone (301) along the circumferential direction. The first spring (303) is disposed inside the central tube (2) and is used to provide a forward elastic force to the cone (301). The second clamp (4) includes a clamping block (401), a guide block (402), a conical sleeve (403), and a second spring (404). The clamping block (401) is distributed circumferentially with the clamping groove (302) at the rear end inside the central tube (2). The clamping block (401) slides in the radial direction with the central tube (2). The guide block (402) is fixedly disposed on the front side of the clamping block (401). The conical sleeve (403) is slidably disposed at the rear end inside the central tube (2). The rear end of the conical sleeve (403) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide block (402). The second spring (404) is disposed between the conical sleeve (403) and the central tube (2) to provide a rearward elastic force to the conical sleeve (403). When the two central tubes (2) are connected, the first spring (303) in the rear central tube (2) causes the slot (302) to follow the cone (301) into the interior of the front central tube (2), and the second spring (404) causes the block (401) to be inserted into the slot (302).

3. The existing high slope embankment tie-anchor construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing component (8) includes a main frame (803) and two sets of driving units. Each set of driving units includes a rotary belt (804) and a pulley (805). The rotary belt (804) is rotatably mounted on the main frame (803). The rotary belt (804) is set parallel to the central tube (2). Both ends of the rotary belt (804) are provided with pulleys (805). The pulleys (805) are rotatably mounted on the main frame (803). Multiple pushing plates (801) are equidistantly arranged on the belt surfaces of the two sets of rotary belts (804). The distance between the rotary belt (804) and the center of the central tube (2) is greater than the outer diameter of the positioning ring (5). The distance between the two pushing components (8) is an integer multiple of the distance between two adjacent pushing plates (801).

4. The existing high slope embankment tie-anchor construction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power assembly (9) includes a motor (901), a long shaft (902), and two bevel gear pairs (903). The motor (901) is located on one side of the front push assembly (8). The long shaft (902) is rotatably mounted on the main frame (803) located at the rear, and the long shaft (902) is arranged in a vertical state. The bottom end of the long shaft (902) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (901). The two bevel gear pairs (903) are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the long shaft (902). The driving bevel gear in each bevel gear pair (903) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the long shaft (902), and the driven bevel gear is connected to one of the pulleys (805) in the rear push assembly (8).

5. The existing high slope embankment tie-anchor construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push assembly (8) is provided with a first guide wheel group (10) and three second guide wheel groups (11) on its rear side. The upper anchor cable (1) passes through the push assembly (8) on the rear side and then extends upward at an angle and passes through the first guide wheel group (10). The lower and left and right anchor cables (1) pass through the push assembly (8) on the rear side and then pass through the three second guide wheel groups (11) in a horizontal state. A feeding area (12) is provided between the second wheel group and the rear push assembly (8). The bracket is pushed from the feeding area (12) into the rear push assembly (8). When the bracket is in the feeding area (12), the anchor cable (1) located below can enter the corresponding cable hole (6). The anchor cables (1) located on the left and right sides are supported on the top inner wall of the opening (601) of the corresponding cable hole (6).

6. The existing high slope embankment tie-anchor construction device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second guide wheel assembly (11) includes a wheel frame (1101) and a tension wheel (1102) and a guide wheel (1103) rotatably mounted on the wheel frame (1101). The tension wheel (1102) is located on the upper and lower sides of the wheel frame (1101). The two tension wheels (1102) clamp the anchor cable (1) from the upper and lower sides respectively. The guide wheel (1103) is arranged parallel to the tension wheel (1102) located on the lower side and is used to support the bottom of the anchor cable (1). A damping assembly is provided on the wheel frame (1101). The damping assembly adjusts the resistance to the anchor cable (1) when it is pulled forward by adjusting the rotational resistance of the tension wheel (1102).

7. A construction device for tie-anchor cables on existing high embankment slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The damping assembly includes a damping pad (13), a preload spring (14), and a preload bolt (15). The damping pad (13) contacts the axle side of the tension wheel (1102). The preload spring (14) is connected to the damping pad (13). The preload bolt (15) is threaded onto the wheel frame (1101). The preload bolt (15) adjusts the rotational resistance of the damping pad (13) to the tension wheel (1102) by compressing or releasing the preload spring (14).

8. A construction device for tie-anchor cables on existing high embankment slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The orifice (601) is shaped like a trumpet, and the size of the junction between the orifice (601) and the lock hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the anchor cable (1). The top of the junction between the bottom side wall of the orifice (601) on the left and right sides and the circumferential surface of the support plate is inclined inward to the relief surface (16). When the anchor cable (1) passes through the relief surface (16) from bottom to top, the anchor cable (1) moves to the bottom of the inner wall of the top of the orifice (601).

9. A construction device for tie-anchor cables on existing high embankment slopes according to claim 8, characterized in that, A guide frame (17) is provided above the feeding area (12). A stacking cavity is formed inside the guide frame (17). The stacking cavity is arranged in the shape of a parallelogram with the top of the front and rear sides tilted backward. Multiple supports are stacked in the stacking cavity from bottom to top. The front and rear sides of the stacking cavity are provided with a sleeve groove (18) fitted on the end of the central tube (2). A limiting groove (19) parallel to the sleeve groove (18) is provided in the middle of the stacking cavity. The two side walls of the limiting groove (19) are close to the relief surface (16). A pad plate (20) supporting the bottom of the central tube (2) in the feeding area (12) is provided between the bottom rear end of the guide frame (17) and the bottom end of the limiting groove (19).

10. A construction method for anchoring existing high-fill slopes, comprising applying the tie-anchor cable construction device for existing high-fill slopes as described in claim 9 to the cable lowering operation, characterized in that... include: Step 1, Equipment positioning and alignment: Place the device outside the anchor hole and align the pushing component (8) with the anchor hole; Multiple supports are stacked in the stacking cavity. The fixing ring (7) is put on the front end of the support located in the feeding area (12), and the fixing ring (7) is pressed against the front side of the positioning ring (5) in the support in the feeding area (12), so that the two side walls of the limiting groove (19) are pressed against the two side relief surfaces (16) of the positioning ring (5), and the top of the side wall of the limiting groove (19) is supported on the top inner wall of the orifice (601). Step 2, Pre-set the bottom and left and right anchor cables (1): Press the left and right anchor cables (1) and the bottom anchor cable (1) into the corresponding cable holes (6) of the positioning ring (5) in the feeding area (12) and then pass them through the second guide wheel group (11). Step 3: Start pushing and press the upper anchor cable (1): Start the power unit (9) and push the front end of the central tube (2) in the feeding area (12) into the rear pushing unit (8). Before the fixing ring (7) enters the rear pushing unit (8), pause the power unit (9), press the upper anchor cable (1) into the corresponding cable hole (6), and pass the upper anchor cable (1) through the first guide wheel group (10), and then start the power unit (9). Step 4, Continuous feeding: Before the last support in the stockpiling area falls into the feeding area (12), add a new support to the stockpiling area in the manner of Step 2; Step 5: Repeat the operation: After the cable laying operation of the anchor hole is completed, move the entire device to the next anchor hole and repeat steps one to four to lay the cable for the next anchor hole.

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