A method for optimizing a construction position of a ground beam

Abstract

The application provides a foundation beam construction vibrating position optimization method, relates to the technical field of concrete construction, and comprises the following steps: before the upper layer concrete of the foundation beam is vibrated, multiple candidate vibrating positions are arranged along the extension direction of the beam body; a vibrating device is inserted into each candidate position to a preset detection depth in sequence; acceleration signals on both sides of the working end of the vibrating device are synchronously collected; the acceleration signals are analyzed to obtain frequency spectrum signals; reference high-frequency energy is determined; after the comparison result of the frequency band total energy and the reference high-frequency energy is obtained, the modified frequency spectrum signals are obtained by removing the high-frequency interference of the aggregate; the normalized asymmetry coefficient is calculated according to the modified frequency spectrum signals; the offset direction and degree of the vibrating action range are judged; when the asymmetry coefficient exceeds a preset threshold value, the compensation offset of the next candidate vibrating position is calculated and adjusted in combination with the stirrup design spacing and the pre-labeled proportion coefficient, and then the vibrating work is performed at the optimized candidate vibrating position, and the vibrating offset is adjusted in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete construction technology, specifically to a method for optimizing the vibration position during ground beam construction. Background Technology

[0002] As a basic load-bearing component of building structures, conventional long strip ground beams are gradually being replaced by automated vibration robots in concrete pouring construction.

[0003] Intelligent vibratory compaction robots are generally equipped with visual imaging and positioning systems. They rely on image recognition to control the position of the compaction equipment and then move mechanically along a preset trajectory. To address the potential issue of collisions with transverse stirrups due to positioning failure, the common approach is to install flexible pressure sensors, strain gauges, or other tactile elements at the end of the robotic arm or on the vibratory compaction equipment itself. This prevents the working end of the equipment from touching the stirrups. Furthermore, based on the type of collision object identified and the actual rebar layout and material, the robot's current position is corrected, adjusting the remaining compaction path. However, this correction method is a passive remedial measure after a collision. It can only adjust the path after the equipment makes physical contact with the rebar. When the equipment does not touch the rebar but is biased towards one side of the beam's rebar area, it cannot identify the eccentricity in advance, making it difficult to proactively adjust the equipment's position in the early stages of the misalignment.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for optimizing the vibration position during ground beam construction, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for optimizing the vibration location during ground beam construction, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Set multiple candidate vibration positions along the beam extension direction, and control the vibration equipment to be inserted into each candidate vibration position in sequence. At each candidate vibration position, the working end of the vibration equipment is lowered to the preset detection depth in the beam body, and the first acceleration signal located on the positive x-axis side and the second acceleration signal located on the negative x-axis side are collected simultaneously. The x-axis is consistent with the beam extension direction. Step 2: Perform time-frequency analysis on the first acceleration signal and the second acceleration signal respectively to obtain the first spectrum signal and the second spectrum signal. Determine the reference high-frequency energy based on the first spectrum signal and the second spectrum signal of the first candidate vibration position. Based on the comparison results of the total frequency energy of each time window at each subsequent candidate vibration position with the reference high-frequency energy, remove the spectrum data affected by high-frequency interference from aggregate to obtain the corrected first spectrum signal and second spectrum signal. Step 3: Calculate the normalized asymmetry coefficient based on the corrected first and second spectrum signals, and compare the normalized asymmetry coefficient with the preset coefficient threshold to determine whether the vibration range of the current candidate vibration position is biased to one side of the x-axis. Step 4: When the normalized asymmetry coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset coefficient threshold, determine the side with weaker vibration effect as the position compensation direction based on the corrected first and second spectrum signals, and determine the compensation offset of the next candidate vibration position based on the normalized asymmetry coefficient and the stirrup design spacing. Step 5: Adjust the position of the next candidate vibration location in the x-axis direction according to the compensation offset, and then perform vibration.

[0007] Furthermore, the detection depth is defined as the depth at which the working end of the vibrating device is located within the already poured upper concrete layer, and the depth from the top surface of the concrete pouring is 10% to 30% of the working length of the vibrating device.

[0008] Furthermore, the method for performing time-frequency analysis on the first acceleration signal and the second acceleration signal respectively is as follows: Time-frequency analysis was performed on the first acceleration signal and the second acceleration signal respectively: the first acceleration signal and the second acceleration signal were processed by short-time Fourier transform, wherein the time window duration was set to 10ms to 50ms, and the Hanning window was used as the window function. Then, the spectral signals of the first acceleration signal and the second acceleration signal in the frequency band of 1kHz to 5kHz were generated one time window at a time. The spectral signal of the first acceleration signal was used as the first spectral signal, and the spectral signal of the second acceleration signal was used as the second spectral signal.

[0009] Furthermore, the method for determining the reference high-frequency energy based on the first and second spectral signals of the first candidate vibration location is as follows: The sliding T-test method was used to determine the baseline high-frequency energy. The total window length of the sliding T-test was set to 10 ms, with each sub-window lasting 5 ms and a significance level of 0.05. For the spectrum signals of the first and second spectrum signals across all time windows, the sum of the squares of the amplitudes of all frequency points within each time window was used as the energy characteristic value of the corresponding time window. The energy characteristic values ​​of each time window were arranged in chronological order, and continuous energy sequences in the positive and negative x-axis directions were constructed respectively. For any continuous energy sequence, the sliding T-test window with the above parameters was used to scan the continuous energy sequence to detect trend abrupt changes. Data within 10 ms before and after all trend abrupt changes were removed to calculate the energy mean between any two remaining trend abrupt changes. The minimum energy mean calculated from the two continuous energy sequences was taken as the baseline high-frequency energy.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the comparison results of the total frequency energy of each time window at each candidate vibration location with the reference high-frequency energy, the method for eliminating the spectral data affected by high-frequency interference from aggregates is as follows: The first and second spectral signals are processed separately. For any given time window, the squares of the signal amplitudes corresponding to all frequency points within that time window are summed to obtain the total energy of the frequency band within that time window. The ratio of the total energy of the frequency band within each time window to the reference high-frequency energy is calculated. All time windows with a ratio greater than a preset aggregate interference threshold are filtered out. The total duration of each consecutive time window is counted. If the total duration is less than the preset maximum aggregate pulse duration, it is determined that there is high-frequency aggregate energy within the consecutive time window, and the consecutive time window is removed. Conversely, if the total duration is greater than or equal to the preset maximum aggregate pulse duration, it is determined that there is no high-frequency aggregate energy within the consecutive time window, and no processing is performed. The duration of the maximum aggregate pulse duration is not less than the duration of the time window.

[0011] Furthermore, the method for calculating the normalized asymmetry coefficients based on the corrected first and second spectral signals is as follows: For the corrected first and second spectral signals, calculate the sum of the squares of the signal amplitudes corresponding to all frequency points within each time window, and use this sum as the energy value of a single time window. Calculate the mean of the energy values ​​of all time windows for the first and second spectral signals respectively, and divide the absolute value of the difference between the two sets of means by the sum of the two sets of means, and use this result as the normalized asymmetry coefficient.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for determining whether the vibration range of the current candidate vibration location is biased to one side of the x-axis is as follows: Analyzing the corrected first and second spectral signals, if the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected first spectral signal is greater than the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected second spectral signal, it is determined that the vibration effect is weaker in the negative x-axis direction, and the vibration effect range is biased towards the positive x-axis direction; if the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected first spectral signal is less than the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected second spectral signal, it is determined that the vibration effect is weaker in the positive x-axis direction, and the vibration effect range is biased towards the negative x-axis direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for determining the compensation offset of the next candidate vibration position based on the normalized asymmetry coefficient and the design spacing of the stirrups is as follows: When the normalized asymmetry coefficient of a candidate vibration location is greater than or equal to the preset coefficient threshold, the design spacing of the stirrups at the candidate vibration location is extracted, the design spacing of the stirrups corresponding to the candidate vibration location is multiplied by the normalized asymmetry coefficient of the candidate vibration location, and the result of dividing the product by 2 is multiplied by the preset proportional coefficient as the compensation offset of the next candidate vibration location.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention performs time-frequency analysis on the first and second acceleration signals collected when the working end of the vibrating device reaches a preset detection depth within the beam. This process removes high-frequency energy from the aggregate to obtain corrected first and second spectral signals, while retaining the corrected spectral signals mainly generated by the relative offset of the vibrating device to the reinforcing bars. Subsequently, the normalized asymmetry coefficient is used to determine whether the vibrating device is offset, and the offset direction is determined based on the corrected spectral signals to provide early warning of eccentric offset. Then, the compensation offset amount for the next candidate vibration position is determined based on the normalized asymmetry coefficient and the design spacing of the stirrups. This allows the vibrating device to be controlled to perform vibration at the adjusted next candidate vibration position, thus achieving proactive adjustment of the vibrating device position in the early stages of offset. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the average energy of the corrected spectral signal according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0017] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0018] Example: Please see Figures 1 to 2 The present invention provides a technical solution: A method for optimizing the vibration location during ground beam construction, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Set multiple candidate vibration positions along the beam extension direction, and control the vibration equipment to be inserted into each candidate vibration position in sequence. At each candidate vibration position, the working end of the vibration equipment is lowered to the preset detection depth in the beam body, and the first acceleration signal located on the positive x-axis side and the second acceleration signal located on the negative x-axis side are collected simultaneously. The x-axis is consistent with the beam extension direction. In layered concrete beams, such as when the ground beam is very high, layered construction is required. The lower layer of concrete has been vibrated. Before vibrating the upper layer after the upper layer is poured, multiple candidate vibration positions are set along the beam extension direction. First, according to the general construction specifications for vibration operation, vibration positions are generated along the beam extension direction at a distance not greater than 1.5 times the standard effective radius of the vibration equipment. The position located in the middle of two adjacent stirrups is periodically selected as a candidate vibration position so that the position of the vibration equipment can be adjusted later through signal analysis. For example, a candidate vibration position can be set every 2 to 5 vibration positions to calibrate the vibration equipment. Subsequently, when the vibrating equipment is inserted into each candidate vibration position in sequence, at each candidate vibration position, the working end of the vibrating equipment is inserted into the concrete of the ground beam to a preset detection depth by relying on its own weight. The detection depth is when the working end of the vibrating equipment is located in the upper layer of concrete that has been poured, and the depth from the top surface of the concrete pouring is 10% to 30% of the working length of the vibrating equipment. This ensures that the stress wave generated by the vibration of the working end of the vibrating equipment can cover the depth range of the stirrups and has a stable vibration propagation path. When the vibratory equipment approaches the stirrups, the stirrups, acting as rigid barriers, reflect and scatter the vibration waves. The vibration component perpendicular to the stirrup surface is strongly reflected. Therefore, accelerometers are symmetrically installed at the working end of the vibratory equipment. Under the premise of shielding the vibration transmission of the vibratory rod itself, only the first acceleration signal on the positive x-axis and the second acceleration signal on the negative x-axis are collected, with a sampling duration of 2-3 seconds. This duration, after being inserted into the concrete, causes only slight disturbance to the local concrete, preventing local initial setting, concrete segregation, and thus affecting the subsequent vibration quality. The sampling frequency is set to 20kHz to collect signals in the 1kHz-5kHz frequency band. By collecting the first acceleration signal on the positive x-axis and the second acceleration signal on the negative x-axis, reference data is provided for subsequent differential measurements. Simultaneously, the energy in these two directions is analyzed to highlight the differences in the concrete medium on the left and right sides. By comparing their relative magnitudes, the offset direction is determined, providing reference data for adjusting the displacement of the vibratory equipment. The x-axis is aligned with the beam's extension direction.

[0019] Step 2: Perform time-frequency analysis on the first acceleration signal and the second acceleration signal respectively to obtain the first spectrum signal and the second spectrum signal. Determine the reference high-frequency energy based on the first spectrum signal and the second spectrum signal of the first candidate vibration position. Based on the comparison results of the total frequency energy of each time window at each subsequent candidate vibration position with the reference high-frequency energy, remove the spectrum data affected by high-frequency interference from aggregate to obtain the corrected first spectrum signal and second spectrum signal. Time-frequency analysis was performed on the first and second acceleration signals respectively: Short-time Fourier transform was used to process the first and second acceleration signals, with a time window duration of 10ms to 50ms. A Hanning window was used as the window function to effectively suppress spectral leakage. Then, the spectral signals of the first and second acceleration signals in the 1kHz to 5kHz frequency band were generated sequentially for each time window. The spectral signal of the first acceleration signal was used as the first spectral signal, and the spectral signal of the second acceleration signal was used as the second spectral signal. The time window duration was set to 10ms. The reason for the ~50ms is that the relative motion between aggregates will generate some mid-to-high frequency transient noise. The time window length of the short-time Fourier transform determines the frequency resolution and time resolution. If the time window is too long, it will smooth out the instantaneous high-frequency spikes caused by the aggregates. If the time window is too short, it will not be able to effectively distinguish the characteristic frequencies of the relative motion between aggregates. The reason for retaining the spectral signal in the 1kHz to 5kHz frequency band is that the energy of concrete flow, the main frequency of the vibrating equipment and low-order harmonics is mainly concentrated below 500Hz. At the same time, the propagation distance of signals above 5kHz is very short, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal detected in this frequency band is relatively high.

[0020] The original acceleration signal is a mixture of various signals, including steady-state vibration of concrete, transient interference from aggregates, and random electronic noise. If the energy characteristics of the acceleration signal throughout the entire vibration process are averaged, the interference will significantly raise the baseline value. The sliding T-test, a classic method for detecting abrupt changes in time series data, determines whether a trend change exists at the current location by comparing the mean values ​​of two adjacent sub-windows in the sequence. It is unaffected by concrete grade or vibration equipment model and has good versatility. Therefore, the sliding T-test method is used to determine the baseline high-frequency energy. The specific process is as follows: For the spectrum signals of the first and second spectrum signals for all time windows, the sum of the squares of the amplitudes of all frequency points within each time window is used as the energy characteristic value of the corresponding time window. The energy characteristic values ​​of each time window are arranged in chronological order, and then continuous energy sequences in the positive and negative x-axis directions are constructed respectively. The sliding T-test was set with a total window length of 10 ms, a sub-window length of 5 ms, and a significance level of 0.05. This parameter combination accurately matches the typical time scale of aggregate transient interference. Aggregate particles will generate relative motion under the action of vibration waves, which is manifested as a brief, high-energy pulse in the vibration signal. The duration is usually between 5 ms and 20 ms. The total window length of 10 ms can cover one aggregate transient interference, so that the mean of the sub-window containing the interference and the adjacent non-interference sub-window will have a statistical difference. The significance level of 0.05 controls the false detection rate to within 5%. For any continuous energy sequence, a sliding T-test window with the above parameters is used to scan the continuous energy sequence to detect trend abrupt change points. The sum of squared amplitudes of all frequency points is calculated through each time window as the energy characteristic value of the corresponding time window. However, the steel bars exhibit a completely different morphology in the continuous energy sequence. They will act uniformly on the continuous time windows, and the energy of multiple continuous time windows will be stably high. Unlike aggregates, they will not produce isolated abrupt change points. Therefore, removing the data within 10ms before and after all trend abrupt change points will eliminate the transient interference caused by aggregates and retain the information of the continuous high energy segment caused by steel bars.

[0021] After removing the data within 10ms before and after all trend abrupt change points, the continuous energy sequence is divided into several independent steady-state signal segments. The average energy between any two remaining trend abrupt change points is calculated, and the minimum average energy calculated from the two continuous energy sequences is taken as the reference high-frequency energy. The reference high-frequency energy calculated by this method is the uniform concrete background energy that is least affected by aggregate scattering and transient noise pollution. If the average value is taken, it may be raised by individual residual interference signals.

[0022] The first and second spectrum signals are processed separately. For the spectrum signal of any time window, the squares of the signal amplitudes corresponding to all frequency points within the time window are accumulated to obtain the total energy of the frequency band of the time window. The ratio of the total energy of the frequency band under each time window to the reference high-frequency energy is calculated. If the absolute energy value is used directly to determine whether the spectrum data is affected by high-frequency interference from aggregate, the result will be affected by factors such as concrete grade, wear of vibrating equipment, power supply voltage fluctuations, and sensor gain differences. Aggregates undergo relative motion under the action of vibration waves, forming short-duration, sudden high-energy pulses with a pulse width of only about 10ms. Within a time window, the ratio of the total energy of the frequency band to the reference high-frequency energy will also be greater than the normal level. All time windows with a ratio greater than a preset aggregate interference threshold are screened. The aggregate interference threshold ranges from 2 to 10. When weak aggregate pulses undergo relative motion, their instantaneous energy peak often reaches more than twice the background energy of uniform concrete. This value can filter out time windows containing aggregates and those with burrs caused by random fluctuations, avoiding omissions. At different distances from the reinforcing steel, the total energy of the frequency band generated may overlap with the total energy of the frequency band generated by the aggregates. Based on the characteristics that the energy brought by aggregates is a short-duration spike while the energy brought by the reinforcing steel is continuous and stable, the total duration of each consecutive time window is statistically analyzed. If this total duration... If the total duration is less than the preset maximum aggregate pulse duration, it is determined that there is high-frequency energy in the aggregate within the continuous time window, and the continuous time window is discarded. Conversely, if the total duration is greater than or equal to the preset maximum aggregate pulse duration, it is determined that there is no high-frequency energy in the aggregate within the continuous time window, and no processing is performed. The value of the maximum aggregate pulse duration must not be less than the time window duration. For example, the maximum aggregate pulse duration is 3 times the time window duration. That is, when at least 3 consecutive time windows meet the ratio greater than the preset aggregate interference threshold, it is determined to be the total frequency band energy caused by the steel reinforcement. The typical duration of aggregate transient interference is 5ms to 20ms, while the duration of a single time window is 10 to 50ms. Therefore, 3 time windows of 30 to 150ms can cover the duration of most aggregate interference, avoiding misjudging the steel reinforcement signal as aggregate interference.

[0023] Step 3: Calculate the normalized asymmetry coefficient based on the corrected first and second spectrum signals, and compare the normalized asymmetry coefficient with the preset coefficient threshold to determine whether the vibration range of the current candidate vibration position is biased to one side of the x-axis. For the corrected first and second spectral signals, calculate the cumulative sum of the squares of the signal amplitudes corresponding to all frequency points within each time window, using this sum as the energy value for a single time window; then calculate the average energy value for all time windows of the corrected first and second spectral signals, as follows: Figure 2As shown, taking a candidate vibration location as an example, under the condition that the working end of the vibrating device is offset from the center position of the adjacent two stirrups by different distances, the average energy values ​​of all time windows corresponding to the corrected first and second spectrum signals are statistically analyzed. The positive and negative values ​​on the vertical axis represent the offset of the vibrating device relative to the center position of the adjacent two stirrups. The figure shows that when the vibrating device is at the center position, the average energy values ​​of the time windows corresponding to the first and second spectrum signals are basically the same. As the vibrating device gradually shifts towards one side of the stirrup, the average energy value of the time window corresponding to the spectrum signal closer to the stirrup gradually increases, while the average energy value of the time window corresponding to the spectrum signal farther from the stirrup gradually decreases. The absolute value of the difference between the two sets of means is divided by the sum of the two sets of means. The normalized asymmetry coefficient is used to eliminate the influence of total energy fluctuations. Even if the concrete slump is different, when the relative proportion of energy on both sides remains unchanged, this value remains stable between [0,1] and has an approximately linear relationship with the actual offset. The average value of the corrected first and second spectrum signals is taken over the entire time window to avoid interference from small interference pulses. The accelerometer at the working end of the vibrating equipment receives the reflected vibration energy from the rigid obstacle in the corresponding direction, which is significantly negatively correlated with the distance from the obstacle to the working end of the vibrating equipment. That is, the closer the distance, the higher the reflected energy. Therefore, the absolute value of the difference between the two sets of averages is divided by the sum of the two sets of averages as the normalized asymmetry coefficient, which can reflect the degree of asymmetry of the effective range of vibration. Based on the fact that areas closer to the vibrating equipment receive higher vibration energy, the corrected first and second frequency spectrum signals are analyzed. If the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected first frequency spectrum signal is greater than the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected second frequency spectrum signal, it is determined that the vibration effect in the negative x-axis direction is weak, and the position of the working end of the vibrating equipment is offset, causing the vibration range to be biased towards the positive x-axis direction. If the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected first frequency spectrum signal is less than the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected second frequency spectrum signal, it is determined that the vibration effect in the positive x-axis direction is weak, and the position of the working end of the vibrating equipment is offset, causing the vibration range to be biased towards the negative x-axis direction.

[0024] Step 4: When the normalized asymmetry coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset coefficient threshold, determine the side with weaker vibration effect as the position compensation direction based on the corrected first and second spectrum signals, and determine the compensation offset of the next candidate vibration position based on the normalized asymmetry coefficient and the stirrup design spacing. When the normalized asymmetry coefficient of a candidate vibration location is greater than or equal to a preset coefficient threshold, the design spacing of the stirrups at that candidate vibration location is extracted. The preset coefficient threshold ranges from 0.1 to 0.3, which is designed to account for certain measurement errors in actual engineering and to avoid frequent system adjustments and impact on system position accuracy. The value can be selected based on the desired system position accuracy. The design spacing of the stirrups corresponding to the candidate vibration location is multiplied by the normalized asymmetry coefficient of the candidate vibration location, and the result of dividing the product by 2 is multiplied by a preset proportional coefficient as the compensation offset for the next candidate vibration location. The normalized asymmetry coefficient is an energy asymmetry index. When the design spacing of the stirrups is different, the working end of the vibration equipment is artificially controlled to generate a known offset distance under preset experimental conditions, and the corresponding normalized asymmetry coefficient is collected simultaneously. A sample data pair between the offset distance and the normalized asymmetry coefficient is constructed. Linear regression fitting is performed on the sample data pair to obtain a proportional relationship model between the normalized asymmetry coefficient and the offset distance of the working end of the vibration equipment, where the slope of the fitted straight line is used as the proportional coefficient.

[0025] Step 5: Adjust the position of the next candidate vibration location in the x-axis direction according to the compensation offset, and then perform vibration; If the vibration range of the current candidate vibration position is biased towards the positive x-axis, then the compensation offset calculated for the current candidate vibration position is moved along the negative x-axis to the next candidate vibration position, which is then used as the selected vibration position for the next candidate vibration position. If the vibration range of the current candidate vibration position is biased towards the negative x-axis, then the compensation offset calculated for the current candidate vibration position is moved along the positive x-axis to the next candidate vibration position. After completing the x-axis positioning operation before vibration, the upper layer vibration operation can be performed, ensuring that each candidate vibration position can be accurately compensated according to the actual offset of the previous candidate vibration position, and actively adjusting the offset of the vibration equipment.

[0026] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0027] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented in software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0028] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0029] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the vibration position during ground beam construction, characterized in that, The specific steps include: Step 1: Set multiple candidate vibration positions along the beam extension direction, and control the vibration equipment to be inserted into each candidate vibration position in sequence. At each candidate vibration position, the working end of the vibration equipment is lowered to the preset detection depth in the beam body, and the first acceleration signal located on the positive x-axis side and the second acceleration signal located on the negative x-axis side are collected simultaneously. The x-axis is consistent with the beam extension direction. Step 2: Perform time-frequency analysis on the first acceleration signal and the second acceleration signal respectively to obtain the first spectrum signal and the second spectrum signal. Determine the reference high-frequency energy based on the first spectrum signal and the second spectrum signal of the first candidate vibration position. Based on the comparison results of the total frequency energy of each time window at each subsequent candidate vibration position with the reference high-frequency energy, remove the spectrum data affected by high-frequency interference from aggregate to obtain the corrected first spectrum signal and second spectrum signal. Step 3: Calculate the normalized asymmetry coefficient based on the corrected first and second spectrum signals, and compare the normalized asymmetry coefficient with the preset coefficient threshold to determine whether the vibration range of the current candidate vibration position is biased to one side of the x-axis. Step 4: When the normalized asymmetry coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset coefficient threshold, determine the side with weaker vibration effect as the position compensation direction based on the corrected first and second spectrum signals, and determine the compensation offset of the next candidate vibration position based on the normalized asymmetry coefficient and the stirrup design spacing. Step 5: Adjust the position of the next candidate vibration location in the x-axis direction according to the compensation offset, and then perform vibration; Accelerometers are symmetrically installed at the working end of the vibratory compaction equipment; Time-frequency analysis was performed on the first acceleration signal and the second acceleration signal respectively: the first acceleration signal and the second acceleration signal were processed by short-time Fourier transform respectively. The time window duration was set to 10ms to 50ms, and the Hanning window was used as the window function. Each time window generated the spectral signal of the first acceleration signal to 5kHz frequency band of the second acceleration signal. The spectral signal of the first acceleration signal was used as the first spectral signal, and the spectral signal of the second acceleration signal was used as the second spectral signal. The sliding T-test method was used to determine the baseline high-frequency energy. The total window length of the sliding T-test was set to 10 ms, and the lengths of the preceding and following sub-windows were each 5 ms. The significance level was set to 0.

05. For the spectrum signals of the first and second spectrum signals in all time windows, the sum of the squares of the amplitudes of all frequency points in each time window was used as the energy characteristic value of the corresponding time window. The energy characteristic values ​​of each time window were arranged in chronological order, and continuous energy sequences in the positive and negative x-axis directions were constructed respectively. For any continuous energy sequence, the sliding T-test window with the above parameters was used to scan the continuous energy sequence to detect trend change points. All data within 10 ms before and after the trend change points were removed to calculate the energy mean between any two remaining trend change points. The minimum energy mean calculated from the two continuous energy sequences was taken as the baseline high-frequency energy. The first and second spectral signals are processed separately. For any given time window, the squares of the signal amplitudes corresponding to all frequency points within that time window are summed to obtain the total energy of the frequency band within that time window. The ratio of the total energy of the frequency band within each time window to the reference high-frequency energy is calculated. All time windows with a ratio greater than a preset aggregate interference threshold are filtered out. The total duration of each consecutive time window is counted. If the total duration is less than the preset maximum aggregate pulse duration, it is determined that there is high-frequency aggregate energy within the consecutive time window, and the consecutive time window is removed. Conversely, if the total duration is greater than or equal to the preset maximum aggregate pulse duration, it is determined that there is no high-frequency aggregate energy within the consecutive time window, and no processing is performed. The duration of the maximum aggregate pulse duration is not less than the duration of the time window. For the corrected first and second spectrum signals, calculate the sum of the squares of the signal amplitudes corresponding to all frequency points within each time window, and use this sum as the energy value of a single time window; calculate the mean of the energy values ​​of all time windows for the first and second spectrum signals respectively, and divide the absolute value of the difference between the two sets of means by the sum of the two sets of means, and use this result as the normalized asymmetry coefficient. Analyzing the corrected first and second spectral signals, if the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected first spectral signal is greater than the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected second spectral signal, it is determined that the vibration effect is weaker in the negative x-axis direction, and the vibration effect range is biased towards the positive x-axis direction; if the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected first spectral signal is less than the average energy value of all time windows calculated by the corrected second spectral signal, it is determined that the vibration effect is weaker in the positive x-axis direction, and the vibration effect range is biased towards the negative x-axis direction.

2. The method for optimizing the vibration position during ground beam construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection depth is defined as the depth from the working end of the vibrating device to the top surface of the poured concrete layer, which is 10% to 30% of the working length of the vibrating device.

3. The method for optimizing the vibration position during ground beam construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining the compensation offset of the next candidate vibration position based on the normalized asymmetry coefficient and the design spacing of the stirrups is as follows: When the normalized asymmetry coefficient of a candidate vibration location is greater than or equal to the preset coefficient threshold, the design spacing of the stirrups at the candidate vibration location is extracted, the design spacing of the stirrups corresponding to the candidate vibration location is multiplied by the normalized asymmetry coefficient of the candidate vibration location, and the result of dividing the product by 2 is multiplied by the preset proportional coefficient as the compensation offset of the next candidate vibration location.

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