A water-enriched active-passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of pile foundation detection technology, specifically a method for detecting surface wave pile foundations with active and passive sources in water-rich soil. The method includes the following steps: S1, moving the integrated detection equipment to the detection point of the pile foundation to be tested in water-rich strata and unfolding the detection components. This detection method, by setting up a tracked integrated detection equipment and a foldable and retractable detection mechanism, allows the equipment to autonomously move to the detection point in soft, water-rich strata. The detectors automatically unfold into a circular arrangement, eliminating the need for manual setup and significantly improving the deployment efficiency and mobility flexibility of pile foundation detection in water-rich sites. By setting up a circular active source structure and an automatic cleaning mechanism, the anti-slip positioning of the source plate ensures stable excitation of active source surface waves, and the cleaning mechanism removes mud and dirt interference from the detector surface in real time. Combined with the fusion and inversion of active and passive source dispersion curves, this significantly improves the accuracy of surface wave signal acquisition in water-rich strata and the accuracy of pile foundation defect identification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pile foundation detection technology, and in particular to a method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical load-bearing component between a building and the ground, the integrity of pile foundations directly affects engineering safety. Surface wave detection methods, due to their non-destructive and efficient characteristics, have been widely used in pile foundation testing. However, in water-rich strata (such as high groundwater levels, soft soil, and riverine / marine sedimentary layers), conventional pile foundation surface wave detection techniques face the following prominent challenges: Signal attenuation and dispersion distortion: Water-rich strata severely absorb and attenuate high-frequency elastic waves. Existing technologies mostly use a single active source (such as hammering) or passive source (such as environmental noise) for detection. Active source high-frequency signals have short propagation distances and low signal-to-noise ratios in water-rich media, making it difficult to penetrate to the bottom of the pile. While passive sources have strong low-frequency penetration, they lack high-frequency details, resulting in severe loss or distortion of dispersion curves for shallow defects in the upper part of the pile (such as diameter expansion and contraction), making it impossible to accurately invert the pile morphology.

[0003] Deployment of the detection system is challenging: Existing surface wave detection typically requires manual handling of the geophone array and its placement and leveling one by one on muddy, soft ground. Water-rich sites have low bearing capacity, making manual deployment inefficient and resulting in poor geophone coupling conditions. This makes it difficult to guarantee the geometric accuracy of the circular observation system and introduces additional inversion errors.

[0004] Sensor contamination and coupling failure: When operating in water-rich silty formations, the detector tail cone and casing are highly susceptible to mud and water film buildup. Existing technologies cannot perform in-situ cleaning of the sensor during detection, leading to a gradual deterioration of the sensor-ground coupling state, introducing strong low-frequency noise interference, and severely affecting the extraction quality of passive source surface wave signals.

[0005] Poor source excitation stability: Traditional hammer-driven seismic sources are prone to slippage or subsidence on soft, water-rich ground, causing the energy of a single impact to be converted into ineffective vertical displacement rather than elastic wave radiation. This not only results in low energy conversion efficiency but also poor consistency among multiple excitations, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision dispersion curve superposition analysis.

[0006] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on the existing technical problems of rapid high-frequency signal attenuation, lack of low-frequency details, poor sensor mud-sludge coupling, and unstable source excitation under water-rich strata conditions, this invention proposes a method for detecting surface wave pile foundations with active and passive sources in water-rich strata.

[0008] This invention proposes a method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Move the integrated detection equipment to the detection point of the pile foundation to be tested in the water-rich stratum and unfold the detection components; S2. Artificial active source surface waves are excited by an active seismic source, and the active source surface wave signal is collected by the detection equipment. The active seismic source excitation is stopped, and the passive source surface wave signal of the site environment is continuously collected by the detector. S3. Denoise and static correction are performed on the acquired active and passive source surface wave signals to extract the effective dispersion energy spectrum of the water-rich site. S4. The high-frequency dispersion curve of the active source and the low-frequency dispersion curve of the passive source are spliced ​​and fused together. Based on the water-rich stratum-pile foundation coupling model, the structural parameters of the pile foundation and the mechanical parameters of the water-rich stratum around the pile are obtained by inversion. S5. Determine the integrity of the pile foundation based on the inversion results, identify defects such as narrowing, segregation, and water-rich erosion, and generate detection imaging maps.

[0009] Preferably, the device in S1 includes a track base, a mounting column is provided above the track base, an array of arc-shaped grooves are formed on the outer side of the mounting column, a detection mechanism is provided on the surface of each arc-shaped groove, a hydraulic tank is also provided on the upper surface of the track base, a cleaning mechanism is provided above the detection mechanism, cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the forward side of the support part of the track base, a clamping plate is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod of the cylinder, one end of the clamping plate is rotatably connected to the lower end of the forward side of the support part of the track base, and a vibration source plate is clamped on the surface of the two symmetrically arranged clamping plates.

[0010] Preferably, electromagnets are symmetrically adsorbed on the upper surface of the vibrating source plate, and an electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the electromagnet. The upper end of the electric telescopic rod is embedded in the interior of the track base. An impact hammer is provided above the vibrating source plate, and an installation groove adapted to the impact hammer is opened inside the mounting column. The surface of the impact hammer is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation groove.

[0011] Preferably, the detection mechanism includes a hydraulic turntable, one end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic tank via a hydraulic oil pipe. The rotating part of the hydraulic turntable is rotatably connected to an electric telescopic rod II, the upper end of which is rotatably connected to a detector. A connecting rod is provided at the upper end of the electric telescopic rod II, one end of which is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod III, and the upper end of the electric telescopic rod III is rotatably connected to one end of the detector.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a sleeve, a servo motor is provided at the upper end of the sleeve, a main gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, a support plate is provided below the main gear, the outer side of the support plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, bearings are arranged in an array on the body of the support plate, a main cleaning roller is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner ring of each bearing, a driven gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner ring of each bearing, the surface of the main gear meshes with the surface of each driven gear, a turntable is provided below the support plate, the upper end of the turntable is fixedly connected to the extension end of the servo motor output shaft passing through the center of the support plate, and a driven cleaning roller is arranged in a circular array on the lower surface of the turntable.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the mounting column is provided with a rectangular groove arranged in a vertical direction, and a fixed rod is slidably connected to the surface of the rectangular groove. An electric telescopic rod four adapted to the fixed rod is embedded inside the mounting column. The upper end of the electric telescopic rod four is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed rod, and the two ends of the fixed rod are respectively fixedly connected to the upper end of the sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the metal component of the detector is located between the main cleaning roller and the slave cleaning roller.

[0015] Preferably, the lower surface of the seismic source plate is provided with an array of steel nails.

[0016] Preferably, both the surface of the main cleaning roller and the surface of the secondary cleaning roller are provided with flexible, wear-resistant cleaning bristles.

[0017] Preferably, a buffer pad is provided between the surface of the impact hammer and the inner wall of the mounting groove, and a hydraulic cylinder is provided at the upper end of the impact hammer, with the surface of the hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By setting up a tracked integrated detection device and a foldable and retractable detection mechanism, the device can move autonomously to the detection point in the water-rich soft stratum. The detector automatically unfolds and is arranged in a circle, eliminating the need for manual arrangement and greatly improving the deployment efficiency and mobility flexibility of pile foundation detection in water-rich sites.

[0019] 2. By setting up a circular active source structure and an automatic cleaning mechanism, the anti-slip positioning of the source plate ensures the stability of the active source surface wave excitation, and the cleaning mechanism removes mud and dirt interference from the detector surface in real time. Combined with the fusion and inversion of the dispersion curves of the active and passive sources, the accuracy of the surface wave signal acquisition in water-rich strata and the accuracy of pile foundation defect identification are significantly improved.

[0020] 3. By setting an adjustable impact hammer and a multi-dimensional adjustable detector, it can be adapted to the detection of water-rich pile foundations at different depths and under different working conditions. The equipment has a high degree of automation and stable operation. It can accurately identify defects such as pile diameter reduction, concrete segregation, and water erosion, effectively solving the problems of signal distortion and missed defect detection in water-rich sites by traditional detection methods. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the detection equipment for a water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a left view of the detection equipment for a water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the detection equipment for a water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the location of the electromagnet in a water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This invention proposes a method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a casing cross-sectional view of a water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation column of the water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a turntable position diagram for a water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method proposed in this invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Track base; 2. Mounting column; 20. Arc groove; 3. Detection mechanism; 31. Hydraulic turntable; 32. Electric telescopic rod II; 33. Detector; 34. Connecting rod; 35. Electric telescopic rod III; 4. Hydraulic tank; 5. Cleaning mechanism; 51. Sleeve; 52. Servo motor; 53. Main gear; 54. Support plate; 55. Main cleaning roller; 56. Driven gear; 57. Turntable; 58. Driven cleaning roller; 59. Electric telescopic rod IV; 510. Fixed rod; 6. Cylinder; 7. Clamping plate; 8. Vibration source plate; 9. Electromagnet; 10. Electric telescopic rod I; 11. Hydraulic cylinder; 12. Impact hammer. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-8A method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Move the integrated detection equipment to the detection point of the pile foundation to be tested in the water-rich stratum and unfold the detection components; S2. Artificial active source surface waves are excited by an active seismic source, and the active source surface wave signal is collected by the detection equipment. The active seismic source excitation is stopped, and the passive source surface wave signal of the site environment is continuously collected by the detector. S3. Denoise and static correction are performed on the acquired active and passive source surface wave signals to extract the effective dispersion energy spectrum of the water-rich site. S4. The high-frequency dispersion curve of the active source and the low-frequency dispersion curve of the passive source are spliced ​​and fused together. Based on the water-rich stratum-pile foundation coupling model, the structural parameters of the pile foundation and the mechanical parameters of the water-rich stratum around the pile are obtained by inversion. S5. Determine the integrity of the pile foundation based on the inversion results, identify defects such as narrowing, segregation, and water-rich erosion, and generate detection imaging maps.

[0025] In this embodiment, the device in S1 includes a track base 1, a mounting column 2 is provided above the track base 1, and an arc-shaped groove 20 is arrayed on the outer side of the mounting column 2. A detection mechanism 3 is provided on the surface of each arc-shaped groove 20. A hydraulic tank 4 is also provided on the upper surface of the track base 1. A cleaning mechanism 5 is provided above the detection mechanism 3. Cylinders 6 are symmetrically arranged on the forward side of the support part of the track base 1. One end of the piston rod of the cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to a clamping plate 7. One end of the clamping plate 7 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the forward side of the support part of the track base 1. The surfaces of the two symmetrically arranged clamping plates 7 hold a vibration source plate 8.

[0026] Specifically, the track base 1 adopts a tracked walking structure, which is suitable for walking in water-rich and soft strata. The mounting column 2 serves as the core support component of the equipment. The arc-shaped groove 20 matches the shape of the detection mechanism 3 and does not occupy space after being stored. The hydraulic tank 4 is fixed on the track base 1 and supplies hydraulic oil to the hydraulic turntable 31 through hydraulic oil pipes. The cylinders 6 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vibrating source plate 8. When the piston rod extends, it pushes the clamping plate 7 to close and clamp the vibrating source plate 8, ensuring that the vibrating source plate 8 is centered at the center of the equipment.

[0027] In this embodiment, electromagnets 9 are symmetrically adsorbed on the upper surface of the vibrating source plate 8. An electric telescopic rod 10 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the electromagnet 9. The upper end of the electric telescopic rod 10 is embedded in the inside of the track base 1. An impact hammer 12 is provided above the vibrating source plate 8. An installation groove adapted to the impact hammer 12 is opened inside the mounting column 2. The surface of the impact hammer 12 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation groove.

[0028] Specifically, after the electromagnet 9 is energized, it adheres to the upper surface of the source plate 8. With the help of the electric telescopic rod 10, the height of the source plate 8 above the ground can be adjusted to adapt to water-rich strata of different thicknesses. The impact hammer 12 slides vertically up and down along the mounting groove to ensure that the impact direction is perpendicular to the source plate 8, and the propagation of the excited active source surface wave is more stable.

[0029] In this embodiment, the detection mechanism 3 includes a hydraulic turntable 31. One end of the hydraulic turntable 31 is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic tank 4 via a hydraulic oil pipe. The rotating part of the hydraulic turntable 31 is rotatably connected to an electric telescopic rod 32. The upper end of the electric telescopic rod 32 is rotatably connected to a detector 33. A connecting rod 34 is provided at the upper end of the electric telescopic rod 32. One end of the connecting rod 34 is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod 35. The upper end of the electric telescopic rod 35 is rotatably connected to one end of the detector 33.

[0030] Specifically, the hydraulic turntable 31 drives the electric telescopic rod 32 to extend outward, so that the four detectors 33 are evenly arranged in a circle; the electric telescopic rod 32 adjusts the arrangement radius of the detectors 33, and the electric telescopic rod 35 extends and retracts to adjust the pitch angle of the detectors 33, ensuring that the detectors 33 are in contact with the ground and adapt to the surface undulations of the water-rich strata.

[0031] In this embodiment, the cleaning mechanism 5 includes a sleeve 51, a servo motor 52 is provided at the upper end of the sleeve 51, a main gear 53 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 52, a support plate 54 is provided below the main gear 53, the outer side of the support plate 54 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 51, the body of the support plate 54 is provided with an array of bearings, a main cleaning roller 55 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner ring of each bearing, a driven gear 56 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner ring of each bearing, the surface of the main gear 53 meshes with the surface of each driven gear 56, a turntable 57 is provided below the support plate 54, the upper end of the turntable 57 is fixedly connected to the extension end of the output shaft of the servo motor 52 passing through the center of the support plate 54, and a driven cleaning roller 58 is arranged in a circular array on the lower surface of the turntable 57.

[0032] Specifically, after the servo motor 52 starts, it drives the main gear 53 to rotate. The main gear 53 drives multiple slave gears 56 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the main cleaning roller 55 to rotate. At the same time, the output shaft drives the turntable 57 to rotate, so that the slave cleaning roller 58 revolves around the detector 33, thereby achieving all-round cleaning of the surface of the detector 33.

[0033] In this embodiment, rectangular slots are arranged vertically on the upper end of the mounting column 2. A fixing rod 510 is slidably connected to the surface of the rectangular slots. An electric telescopic rod 59 adapted to the fixing rod 510 is embedded inside the mounting column 2. The upper end of the electric telescopic rod 59 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixing rod 510. The two ends of the fixing rod 510 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the sleeve 51.

[0034] Specifically, the electric telescopic rod 59 drives the fixed rod 510 to slide up and down along the rectangular groove, driving the sleeve 51 and the overall cleaning mechanism 5 to rise and fall. During detection, the cleaning mechanism 5 rises to avoid obstacles, and during cleaning, it descends to the position of the detector 33, thus achieving precise control of the cleaning action.

[0035] In this embodiment, the metal component of the detector 33 is located between the main cleaning roller 55 and the secondary cleaning roller 58.

[0036] Specifically, the main cleaning roller 55 and the secondary cleaning roller 58 form an inner and outer clamping cleaning structure, which completely wraps the metal acquisition components of the detector 33, thoroughly removing mud and water stains attached to the water-rich strata, and avoiding impurities from affecting the accuracy of surface wave signal acquisition.

[0037] In this embodiment, steel nails are arranged in an array on the lower surface of the source plate 8.

[0038] Specifically, steel nails are driven into the interior of water-rich, soft strata to increase the friction between the source plate 8 and the ground, preventing the source plate 8 from slipping when impacted by the impact hammer 12, and ensuring the stability and consistency of the active source surface wave excitation.

[0039] In this embodiment, both the surface of the main cleaning roller 55 and the surface of the secondary cleaning roller 58 are provided with flexible, wear-resistant cleaning bristles.

[0040] Specifically, the flexible and wear-resistant cleaning brush bristles are soft and will not scratch the metal surface of the detector 33. At the same time, they are highly wear-resistant and can remove stubborn mud and dirt from water-rich sites for a long time, making them suitable for harsh water-rich detection environments.

[0041] In this embodiment, a buffer pad is provided between the surface of the impact hammer 12 and the inner wall of the mounting groove, and a hydraulic cylinder 11 is provided at the upper end of the impact hammer 12, with the surface of the hydraulic cylinder 11 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove.

[0042] Specifically, the buffer pad absorbs the vibration and noise of the impact hammer 12 during operation, reducing equipment wear; the hydraulic cylinder 11 provides stable impact power for the impact hammer 12, and the impact energy can be adjusted to meet the detection needs of water-rich pile foundations of different depths.

[0043] principle: After the tracked base 1 moves the equipment to the test point, the cylinder 6 drives the clamping plate 7 to clamp and release the vibratory source plate 8. The electromagnet 9 and the electric telescopic rod 10 work together to adjust the height of the vibratory source plate 8, and the steel nails at the bottom of the plate are driven into the ground to prevent slippage. The hydraulic tank 4 provides power to the hydraulic turntable 31, which drives the detection mechanism 3 to unfold, so that the four detectors 33 are evenly arranged in a circle with the vibratory source plate 8 as the center. The electric telescopic rods 2 and 35 adjust the posture of the detectors 33 so that they fit closely to the water-rich ground. During detection, hydraulic cylinder 11 drives impact hammer 12 to vertically impact source plate 8, exciting stable active source surface waves. Detector 33 synchronously acquires active source surface wave signals. After excitation stops, detector 33 continues to acquire passive source surface wave signals from the site. After detection is completed, detection mechanism 3 returns to its original state, and detector 33 remains vertical under the action of electric telescopic rod 35. At this time, electric telescopic rod 59 drives sleeve 51 to descend through fixed rod 510 until the metal end of detector 33 is completely inside sleeve 51. Servo motor 52 drives main gear 53 and driven gear 56 to drive main cleaning roller 55 to rotate and driven cleaning roller 58 to revolve, automatically removing mud and water stains from the surface of detector 33 and ensuring signal acquisition accuracy.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-rich active-passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method, characterized in that, The detection method includes the following steps: S1. Move the integrated detection equipment to the detection point of the pile foundation to be tested in the water-rich stratum and unfold the detection components; S2. Artificial active source surface waves are excited by an active seismic source, and the active source surface wave signal is collected by the detection equipment. The active seismic source excitation is stopped, and the passive source surface wave signal of the site environment is continuously collected by the detector. S3. Denoise and static correction are performed on the acquired active and passive source surface wave signals to extract the effective dispersion energy spectrum of the water-rich site. S4. The high-frequency dispersion curve of the active source and the low-frequency dispersion curve of the passive source are spliced ​​and fused together. Based on the water-rich stratum-pile foundation coupling model, the structural parameters of the pile foundation and the mechanical parameters of the water-rich stratum around the pile are obtained by inversion. S5. Determine the integrity of the pile foundation based on the inversion results, identify defects such as narrowing, segregation, and water-rich erosion, and generate detection imaging maps.

2. The water-rich active-passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment in S1 includes a track base (1), and a mounting column (2) is provided above the track base (1). The outer side of the mounting column (2) is arrayed with arc-shaped grooves (20). A detection mechanism (3) is provided on the surface of each arc-shaped groove (20). A hydraulic tank (4) is also provided on the upper surface of the track base (1). A cleaning mechanism (5) is provided above the detection mechanism (3). Cylinders (6) are symmetrically arranged on the forward side of the support part of the track base (1). One end of the piston rod of the cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (7). One end of the clamping plate (7) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the forward side of the support part of the track base (1). The surfaces of the two symmetrically arranged clamping plates (7) hold a vibration source plate (8).

3. The water-rich active-passive source surface wave pile foundation detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Electromagnets (9) are symmetrically adsorbed on the upper surface of the source plate (8). An electric telescopic rod (10) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the electromagnet (9). The upper end of the electric telescopic rod (10) is embedded in the inside of the track base (1). An impact hammer (12) is provided above the source plate (8). An installation groove adapted to the impact hammer (12) is opened inside the mounting column (2). The surface of the impact hammer (12) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation groove.

4. The method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (3) includes a hydraulic turntable (31). One end of the hydraulic turntable (31) is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic tank (4) through a hydraulic oil pipe. The rotating part of the hydraulic turntable (31) is rotatably connected to an electric telescopic rod two (32). The upper end of the electric telescopic rod two (32) is rotatably connected to a detector (33). The upper end of the electric telescopic rod two (32) is provided with a connecting rod (34). One end of the connecting rod (34) is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod three (35). The upper end of the electric telescopic rod three (35) is rotatably connected to one end of the detector (33).

5. The method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (5) includes a sleeve (51), a servo motor (52) is provided at the upper end of the sleeve (51), a main gear (53) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (52), a support plate (54) is provided below the main gear (53), the outer side of the support plate (54) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (51), the body of the support plate (54) is provided with bearings in an array, a main cleaning roller (55) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner ring of each bearing, a driven gear (56) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner ring of each bearing, the surface of the main gear (53) meshes with the surface of each driven gear (56), a turntable (57) is provided below the support plate (54), the upper end of the turntable (57) is fixedly connected to the extension end of the output shaft of the servo motor (52) passing through the center of the support plate (54), and a driven cleaning roller (58) is arranged in a circular array on the lower surface of the turntable (57).

6. The method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the mounting column (2) is vertically arranged with rectangular grooves, and a fixed rod (510) is slidably connected to the surface of the rectangular groove. The mounting column (2) is internally embedded with an electric telescopic rod four (59) that is compatible with the fixed rod (510). The upper end of the electric telescopic rod four (59) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed rod (510), and the two ends of the fixed rod (510) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the sleeve (51).

7. The method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal component of the detector (33) is located between the main cleaning roller (55) and the secondary cleaning roller (58).

8. The method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower surface of the source plate (8) is provided with an array of steel nails.

9. The method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations according to claim 8, characterized in that: Both the surface of the main cleaning roller (55) and the surface of the secondary cleaning roller (58) are provided with flexible, wear-resistant cleaning bristles.

10. A method for detecting water-rich active and passive source surface wave pile foundations according to claim 9, characterized in that: A buffer pad is provided between the surface of the impact hammer (12) and the inner wall of the mounting groove. A hydraulic cylinder (11) is provided at the upper end of the impact hammer (12), and the surface of the hydraulic cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove.

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