A power transmission line tower anchor rod reinforcing structure and anchoring method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tower foundation anchoring and reinforcement technology, and discloses a reinforcement structure and anchoring method for transmission line tower anchors. The invention includes an anchor body, a top limiting plate, a foundation fixing threaded section, a sliding rod, a bottom-contact ball head, a radial push block, an outwardly expanding anchor plate, a piston plate, a grouting channel, a lower grout outlet hole, and a grout outlet sealing component. When the anchor body is lowered, the outwardly expanding anchor plate is in a retracted state, reducing scraping against the anchor hole wall. After the bottom-contact ball head abuts against the bottom of the hole, the sliding rod moves upward relative to the anchor body, driving the radial push block and the outwardly expanding anchor plate to extend into the annular gap between the anchor body and the hole wall via a wedge-shaped drive structure. During grouting, the grout pushes the piston plate upward, causing the bottom-contact ball head to leave the bottom of the hole, driving the grout outlet sealing component to avoid the lower grout outlet hole. The grout is discharged from the lower grout outlet hole and returns upward, filling the gap. This structure can reduce the risk of scraping during anchor lowering and improve the continuity of grout coverage and anchoring stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of three-dimensional profile measurement technology, and in particular to a reinforcement structure and anchoring method for power transmission line tower anchors. Background Technology

[0002] Transmission line tower foundations typically require a reliable connection to the underlying rock layer or stable bearing layer to resist uplift forces, overturning moments, and long-term vibrations generated during tower operation. Existing tower foundation reinforcement methods often involve drilling anchor holes below the foundation, inserting anchor bolts into these holes, and then injecting grout into the gap between the anchor bolt and the hole wall. After the grout solidifies, an anchoring connection is formed between the anchor bolt, the grout, and the rock hole wall. To improve anchoring strength, existing anchor bolts often incorporate reinforcing structures such as threaded ribs, annular ribs, barbs, enlarged diameter heads, or outward-expanding components on their outer walls. This increases the contact area between the anchor bolt and the grout, and the mechanical interlocking between these reinforcing structures and the solidified grout enhances pull-out resistance.

[0003] However, most of the aforementioned reinforcement structures are exposed on the outer periphery of the anchor bolt before it is lowered. This makes it easy for the anchor bolt to scrape, rub, or get stuck against the hole wall when it is inserted into the equal-diameter anchoring hole. Especially when there is local deviation in the anchoring hole, uneven hole wall, or residual debris in the hole, the exposed ribs, barbs, or diameter-enlarging structures can easily scrape off rock powder from the hole wall, affecting the quality of the grout filling in the hole. At the same time, the exposed reinforcement structure may also cause the anchor bolt to deviate to one side of the hole wall during the lowering process, making it difficult for the anchor bolt to maintain a relatively centered state in the anchoring hole. This leads to uneven grout thickness around the anchor bolt, making it difficult to form a continuous and full grouting anchor body in some areas. Therefore, the existing anchor bolt structure cannot simultaneously ensure smooth lowering, centered stability in the hole, and uniform coating and forming effect of the subsequent grout, affecting the reliability of the anchor bolt reinforcement construction of the tower foundation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the existing anchor reinforcement structure is prone to scraping against the hole wall during the lowering process, which can cause the anchor to become eccentric and affect the uniform coating of the grout around the anchor and the continuous forming of the grouting anchor body. To address this, a reinforcement structure and anchoring method for transmission line tower anchors are proposed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a transmission line tower anchor reinforcement structure, including an anchor body, a top limiting plate, a foundation fixing threaded section, a sliding rod, a bottom contact ball head, a radial push block, and an outwardly expanding anchor plate; The top limiting plate is located on the upper outer side of the anchor bolt body, and the foundation fixing thread section is located on the top of the anchor bolt body and is used to lock and fix it after passing through the foundation. The sliding rod is axially slidably disposed inside the lower part of the anchor body, and the lower end of the sliding rod extends from the bottom of the anchor body, with the bottom-contacting ball head disposed at the lower end of the sliding rod; The anchor body has a radial sliding cavity and an oblique outward expansion guide groove inside. The radial push block is slidably disposed in the radial sliding cavity, and the outward expansion anchor plate is movably disposed in the oblique outward expansion guide groove. The radial push block and the outward expansion anchor plate are in a transmission cooperation. A wedge-shaped drive block is fixedly installed on the sliding rod. When the anchor rod body enters the anchor hole, the anchor rod body moves down under the action of gravity. After the bottom ball head abuts the bottom of the anchor hole, the sliding rod moves up relative to the anchor rod body. The wedge-shaped drive block moves up with the sliding rod and pushes the radial push block to extend outward. The radial push block drives the outward expansion anchor plate to extend outward obliquely along the oblique outward expansion guide groove, so that the outward expansion anchor plate extends into the annular gap between the anchor rod body and the anchor hole wall. The anchor bolt body is also provided with a grouting communication cavity, a piston sliding cavity, a lower grout outlet hole and a grouting channel. The grouting channel extends downward from the upper part of the anchor bolt body and communicates with the grouting communication cavity. The grouting communication cavity is connected to the piston sliding cavity and the lower grout outlet hole respectively. A piston plate is provided on the sliding rod. The piston plate is slidably disposed in the piston sliding cavity. A grout outlet sealing component is provided on the piston plate. In the initial state, the grout outlet sealing component seals the communication between the lower grout outlet hole and the outside of the anchor bolt body. When grout is injected into the grouting channel, the grout enters the grouting cavity through the grouting channel and pushes the piston plate to move upward in the piston sliding cavity, so that the sliding rod drives the bottom ball head away from the bottom of the anchor hole. The grout is discharged through the lower grout outlet and fills the gap between the anchor body and the wall of the anchor hole.

[0006] Preferably, the top limiting plate is fixedly sleeved on the upper outer periphery of the anchor rod body, and the foundation fixing threaded section is coaxially arranged with the anchor rod body. The foundation fixing threaded section is used to pass through the foundation and cooperate with the locking nut, so that the foundation is clamped between the top limiting plate and the locking nut.

[0007] Preferably, the grouting passage cavity is located inside and below the anchor bolt body, the piston sliding cavity is located above the grouting passage cavity, the lower grout outlet is located inside and below the anchor bolt body, and the lower grout outlet is connected to the grouting passage cavity. The outer end of the lower grout outlet is used to connect with the outside of the anchor bolt body. The grouting sealing component moves synchronously with the piston plate and is used to open and close the connection between the outer end of the lower grout outlet and the outside of the anchor bolt body.

[0008] Preferably, the piston plate is fixedly connected to the sliding rod, and the piston plate is in a sealed sliding fit with the inner wall of the piston sliding cavity; when the bottom ball touches the bottom and the sliding rod moves up initially, the piston plate is located in the lower middle part of the piston sliding cavity. Under the action of grouting pressure, the piston plate can continue to move to the upper part of the piston sliding cavity and drive the grouting sealing part to move up, so that the external connecting end of the lower grouting hole is exposed.

[0009] Preferably, a wedge-shaped guide groove is provided on the inner side of the radial push block, and the wedge-shaped drive block is engaged with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped guide groove; when the sliding rod moves upward, the wedge-shaped drive block slides along the wedge-shaped guide groove to convert the axial displacement of the sliding rod into the radial outward movement of the radial push block.

[0010] Preferably, a backstop locking rod is fixedly provided at the bottom of the wedge-shaped drive block, and the backstop locking rod is set in a corresponding position to the side limit position of the wedge-shaped guide groove; when the wedge-shaped drive block pushes the radial push block outward and disengages from the wedge-shaped guide groove, the backstop locking rod is engaged with the side of the wedge-shaped guide groove to restrict the radial push block from retracting inward.

[0011] Preferably, an outward expansion guide frame is provided on the outer side of the radial push block, and the outward expansion anchor plate is guided and engaged with the outward expansion guide frame; when the radial push block moves outward, the outward expansion guide frame pushes the outward expansion anchor plate to slide outward obliquely along the oblique outward expansion guide groove.

[0012] Preferably, after the extended anchor plate extends, there is still space for grout to pass through, and the grout can cover the extended anchor plate and form a solidified locking body after solidification.

[0013] This invention proposes another technical solution: a method for anchoring transmission line tower anchors, comprising the following steps: S1, Drill anchor holes in the rock layer or the bearing layer below the foundation, and make the diameter of the anchor holes larger than the outer diameter of the anchor body. S2, the anchor body is placed into the anchor hole. The anchor body moves down under the action of gravity. When the bottom ball head first abuts the bottom of the anchor hole, the sliding rod moves up relative to the anchor body and drives the wedge-shaped drive block to push the radial push block outward. The radial push block drives the outward expansion anchor plate to extend outward along the inclined outward expansion guide groove. The bottom of the bottom ball head is spherical to adapt to the uneven contact at the bottom of the anchor hole. The outward expansion anchor plate extends into the annular gap between the anchor body and the anchor hole wall, and a grout flow gap is maintained between the anchor body and the anchor hole wall so that the grout can cover the outward expansion anchor plate and form an outward expansion and consolidation anchor structure. S3, positioning the top limiting plate below the foundation and allowing the foundation fixing thread section to pass through the foundation; S4, inject grout into the grouting channel, so that the grout enters the grouting connection cavity through the grouting channel, and pushes the piston plate to move upward in the piston sliding cavity. The piston plate drives the sliding rod and the bottom ball head to move upward, so that the bottom ball head leaves the bottom of the anchor hole. At the same time, the piston plate drives the grouting sealing part to move upward, so that the lower grouting hole is connected to the outside of the anchor body. S5, the grout is discharged through the lower grout outlet and fills the gap between the anchor rod body and the wall of the anchor hole. After the grout solidifies, the foundation is locked and fixed through the foundation fixing thread section.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, after the wedge-shaped drive block pushes the radial push block outward, the anti-reverse locking rod engages with the side of the wedge-shaped guide groove to maintain the extended state of the outward-expanding anchor plate; in step S4, after the bottom contact ball head leaves the bottom of the anchor hole, a bottom grouting gap is formed between the bottom contact ball head and the bottom of the anchor hole; in step S5, the grout is discharged through the lower grout outlet to the outside of the anchor body, and enters the bottom grouting gap before returning upward.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention incorporates a sliding rod, a bottom-contacting ball head, a wedge-shaped driving block, a radial pusher, and an outward-expanding anchoring plate within the anchor bolt body. This design ensures the outward-expanding anchoring plate remains retracted during the lowering process, resulting in a relatively smooth outer contour of the anchor bolt. This reduces scraping, jamming, and debris shedding between exposed ribs, barbs, or enlarged diameter structures and the anchor hole wall. When the bottom-contacting ball head contacts the bottom of the hole, the sliding rod moves upward relative to the anchor bolt body, and through the wedge-shaped driving block, drives the radial pusher and the outward-expanding anchoring plate to extend outward. This allows the outward-expanding anchoring plate to enter the annular gap between the anchor bolt body and the anchor hole wall, forming an outward-expanding anchoring contour. This provides an embedded structure for subsequent grout coating and consolidation, thereby improving the reliability of the anchor bolt reinforcement within the hole.

[0016] This invention, through the configuration of a piston plate, a grout passage cavity, a lower grout outlet, and a grout outlet sealing component, allows the grout to initially push the piston plate upwards during injection, causing the sliding rod and the bottom-contact ball head to move away from the bottom of the anchoring hole, forming a bottom grout passage gap. Subsequently, the grout outlet sealing component avoids the lower grout outlet, allowing the grout to exit through the lower grout outlet and return upwards from the bottom of the hole. This effectively fills the gap between the anchor rod body and the anchoring hole wall, and covers the outward-expanding anchoring plate to form a continuously grouted anchor body. This avoids the problems of grout obstruction and empty grout at the bottom of the hole caused by the bottom-contact ball head occupying the bottom for a long time, resulting in a more stable anchoring connection between the anchor rod, the grout, and the rock hole wall. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the radial push block and the outwardly extending anchor plate of the present invention in the extended state; Figure 3 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the anchor bolt body of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the wedge-shaped drive block, anti-reverse locking rod, radial push block, wedge-shaped guide groove, outward expansion guide frame and outward expansion anchor plate in this invention.

[0018] Legend: 1. Anchor bolt body; 2. Top limiting plate; 3. Foundation fixing threaded section; 4. Grouting connecting cavity; 5. Piston sliding cavity; 6. Lower grout outlet hole; 7. Grouting channel; 8. Sliding rod; 9. Piston plate; 10. Bottom contact ball head; 11. Radial sliding cavity; 12. Oblique outward expansion guide groove; 13. Central assembly cavity; 14. Wedge-shaped drive block; 15. Anti-reverse locking rod; 16. Radial push block; 17. Wedge-shaped guide groove; 18. Outward expansion guide frame; 19. Outward expansion anchor plate; 20. Grout outlet sealing component. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this invention, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this invention and should not be considered as the entirety of the invention or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides an anchor reinforcement structure for transmission line towers. This structure is suitable for anchoring and reinforcing concrete foundations such as transmission line tower foundations with the underlying rock layer or stable bearing layer. The anchor reinforcement structure uses an anchor body 1 as the main body. The upper part of the anchor body 1 is used to form a limiting and locking connection with the foundation, and the lower part of the anchor body 1 is used to insert into the anchor hole, automatically forming an outwardly expanding anchor profile after contacting the bottom. During grouting, the piston structure inside the anchor body 1 can drive the bottom contact part away from the bottom of the hole, then open the lower grout outlet path, allowing the grout to exit from the lower part and return upwards along the outer periphery of the anchor body 1, thereby forming a continuous grouting anchor body within the anchor hole.

[0021] The anchor body 1 is a vertically extending rod-shaped component with an overall cylindrical outer contour. During construction, anchoring holes are drilled in the rock layer or the bearing layer below the foundation. The diameter of the anchoring hole is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor body 1, so that after the anchor body 1 is inserted into the anchoring hole, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the anchor body 1 and the wall of the anchoring hole. This annular gap is used for grout filling and solidification. During the lowering stage, the lower outwardly expanding anchor plate 19 of the anchor body 1 is in a retracted state, making the outer contour of the anchor body 1 smoother, thereby reducing the risk of scraping or getting stuck with the hole wall during the lowering process.

[0022] A top limiting plate 2 is provided on the upper outer side of the anchor bolt body 1. The top limiting plate 2 can be fixedly sleeved, welded, or integrally formed on the upper outer periphery of the anchor bolt body 1. The top limiting plate 2 is disc-shaped, square-shaped, or other plate-shaped structure that can provide pressure-bearing and limiting functions. After installation, the top limiting plate 2 is located below the foundation, used to provide lower support and limiting for the bottom of the foundation. A foundation fixing threaded section 3 is provided on the top of the anchor bolt body 1. The foundation fixing threaded section 3 is coaxially arranged with the anchor bolt body 1 and passes upward through the foundation. The foundation fixing threaded section 3 can cooperate with the lock nut, so that the foundation is clamped between the top limiting plate 2 and the lock nut, thereby forming an upper and lower clamping and fixing relationship between the anchor bolt body 1 and the foundation. To improve the locking reliability, washers, anti-loosening nuts, or elastic washers can also be provided on the foundation fixing threaded section 3.

[0023] An anchor bolt body 1 has an internal grouting channel 7 that extends along its length. The upper end of the grouting channel 7 extends to the upper part of the anchor bolt body 1 or the area where the foundation fixing thread section 3 is located, and can communicate with external grouting equipment. The lower end of the grouting channel 7 communicates with a grouting passage cavity 4 located at the lower part of the anchor bolt body 1. The grouting passage cavity 4 is used to receive the grout delivered by the grouting channel 7 and distribute the grout to the areas where the piston sliding cavity 5 and the lower grout outlet 6 are located.

[0024] The piston sliding cavity 5 is located inside the lower part of the anchor bolt body 1 and communicates with the grouting cavity 4. The piston sliding cavity 5 extends axially along the anchor bolt body 1 and is used for the piston plate 9 to slide up and down. The sliding rod 8 is axially slidably located inside the lower part of the anchor bolt body 1, with its lower end extending from the bottom of the anchor bolt body 1. The bottom contact ball head 10 is fixedly located at the lower end of the sliding rod 8. The bottom of the bottom contact ball head 10 is spherical or nearly spherical, which is used to form a relatively stable contact with the bottom of the anchor hole when the anchor bolt body 1 is lowered to the bottom of the anchor hole, and can adapt to the slight unevenness of the bottom of the hole. The bottom contact ball head 10 is only used as a trigger and is not used as a long-term support after the anchor bolt body 1 is finally anchored.

[0025] The piston plate 9 is fixedly mounted on the sliding rod 8 and located within the piston sliding cavity 5. A sealed sliding fit is formed between the piston plate 9 and the inner wall of the piston sliding cavity 5. To improve the sealing effect, a sealing ring, wear-resistant ring, or sealing flange can be provided on the outer periphery of the piston plate 9. The piston plate 9 can move up and down synchronously with the sliding rod 8. When the sliding rod 8 moves upward for the first time after the bottom ball head 10 touches the bottom, the piston plate 9 moves upward initially with the sliding rod 8, but is still located in the lower middle part of the piston sliding cavity 5; when grout is subsequently injected into the grouting channel 7, the grout enters the grouting connecting cavity 4 and acts on the area below the piston plate 9, causing the piston plate 9 to continue moving upward within the piston sliding cavity 5, thereby driving the sliding rod 8 and the bottom ball head 10 to move further upward.

[0026] The lower sidewall of the anchor bolt body 1 is provided with a lower grout outlet 6. The inner end of the lower grout outlet 6 communicates with the grout passage cavity 4, and the outer end of the lower grout outlet 6 is used to communicate with the annular gap outside the anchor bolt body 1. To prevent grout from being discharged directly from the lower grout outlet 6 before the piston plate 9 moves to its position, this embodiment provides a grout outlet sealing member 20 on the piston plate 9. The grout outlet sealing member 20 is fixedly connected to the piston plate 9 or fixedly connected to the sliding rod 8 through a connecting part, and moves up and down synchronously with the piston plate 9. The position of the grout outlet sealing member 20 corresponds to the outer end of the lower grout outlet 6. In the initial state, the grout outlet sealing member 20 blocks the communication between the lower grout outlet 6 and the outside of the anchor bolt body 1, so that although the grout can reach the inner end of the lower grout outlet 6 or its vicinity, it cannot be discharged to the outside of the anchor bolt body 1 through the lower grout outlet 6. In other words, the grout outlet sealing component 20 blocks the passage for grout discharge from the lower grout outlet 6, rather than blocking the grout supply path between the grouting channel 7 and the grout passage cavity 4.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the grout outlet sealing component 20 is sleeved on the lower outer side of the anchor bolt body 1. The grout outlet sealing component 20 is connected to the piston plate 9 or the sliding rod 8 through a connecting rib, a guide connecting piece, or a connecting part passing through the guide groove on the side wall of the anchor bolt body 1. In the initial state, the grout outlet sealing component 20 covers the outer end of the lower grout outlet hole 6. When the grouting pressure pushes the piston plate 9 upward, the piston plate 9 drives the grout outlet sealing component 20 to move upward synchronously, so that the grout outlet sealing component 20 avoids the lower grout outlet hole 6, and the outer end of the lower grout outlet hole 6 is exposed, thereby allowing the lower grout outlet hole 6 to communicate with the outside of the anchor bolt body 1. Through this structure, it can be ensured that the grout first pushes the piston plate 9 upward, so that the bottom ball head 10 leaves the bottom of the hole, and then the grout is discharged outward from the lower grout outlet hole 6.

[0028] The anchor bolt body 1 also has a central assembly cavity 13 for accommodating and installing the deployment transmission structure. A wedge-shaped drive block 14 is fixedly mounted on the sliding rod 8. The central assembly cavity 13 is located on the lower inner side of the anchor bolt body 1 and corresponds to the sliding path of the wedge-shaped drive block 14. The wedge-shaped drive block 14 moves up or down synchronously with the sliding rod 8. A radial sliding cavity 11 is provided inside the anchor bolt body 1, extending radially along the anchor bolt body 1. A radial push block 16 is slidably disposed within the radial sliding cavity 11, and the radial push block 16 can move radially outward under the push of the wedge-shaped drive block 14.

[0029] A wedge-shaped guide groove 17 is provided on the inner side of the radial push block 16, and the wedge-shaped guide groove 17 engages with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped drive block 14. The inclined surface direction of the wedge-shaped guide groove 17 matches the axial movement direction of the sliding rod 8, so that when the wedge-shaped drive block 14 moves upward with the sliding rod 8, it can slide along the wedge-shaped guide groove 17, and convert the axial displacement of the sliding rod 8 into the radial outward movement of the radial push block 16. In order to reduce frictional resistance, the contact surface between the wedge-shaped drive block 14 and the wedge-shaped guide groove 17 can be set as a smooth inclined surface, or a wear-resistant layer, a guide coating, or a rolling guide can be provided. The inclined surface angle of the wedge-shaped drive block 14 and the wedge-shaped guide groove 17 can be set according to the required thrust and stroke to ensure that after the bottom ball head 10 is subjected to the reaction force of the bottom of the hole, the upward movement of the sliding rod 8 can reliably drive the radial push block 16 to move outward.

[0030] An inclined outward-expanding guide groove 12 is also provided inside the anchor body 1. The inclined outward-expanding guide groove 12 is arranged at an angle relative to the axis of the anchor body 1 and extends from the inside of the anchor body 1 to the outer periphery of the anchor body 1. The outward-expanding anchor plate 19 is movably disposed in the inclined outward-expanding guide groove 12. In the initial state, the outward-expanding anchor plate 19 is housed in the inclined outward-expanding guide groove 12, so that the anchor body 1 is less likely to scrape against the wall of the anchor hole when it is lowered. An outward-expanding guide frame 18 is provided on the outer side of the radial push block 16, and the outward-expanding guide frame 18 guides and cooperates with the outward-expanding anchor plate 19. When the radial push block 16 moves outward, the outward-expanding guide frame 18 pushes the outward-expanding anchor plate 19 to slide obliquely outward along the inclined outward-expanding guide groove 12, so that the outward-expanding anchor plate 19 gradually extends outward from the outside of the anchor body 1 without abutting against the wall of the anchor hole.

[0031] To ensure that the extended anchor plate 19 does not retract due to subsequent grouting or vibration after it extends, a locking rod 15 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the wedge-shaped drive block 14. The locking rod 15 is positioned corresponding to the side limit position of the wedge-shaped guide groove 17. When the sliding rod 8 moves upward and drives the wedge-shaped drive block 14 to push the radial push block 16 outward, the wedge-shaped drive block 14 passes the main guide section of the wedge-shaped guide groove 17 or disengages from the wedge-shaped guide groove 17. At this time, the locking rod 15 enters the side limit position of the wedge-shaped guide groove 17 and engages with it to restrict the radial push block 16 from retracting inward. Through the cooperation of the locking rod 15 and the wedge-shaped guide groove 17, the extended anchor plate 19 can remain in the extended state before the grouting solidifies.

[0032] During grouting, the grout is discharged through the lower grout outlet 6 and flows upward along the outer wall of the anchor body 1, flowing around and covering the outer expansion anchor plate 19. After the grout solidifies, the outer expansion anchor plate 19 is covered by the grout and forms a solidified locking body, thereby further improving the anti-retraction ability and anchoring effect of the outer expansion anchor plate 19.

[0033] The usage process of this embodiment is as follows: During construction, anchoring holes are first drilled in the rock layer or the bearing layer below the foundation according to the anchoring position of the tower foundation. After the anchoring holes are drilled, the holes are cleaned to remove rock powder, debris or mud, ensuring that the bottom ball head 10 can smoothly contact the bottom of the hole and that the subsequent grout can flow fully. Then, the anchor body 1 is placed into the anchoring hole from top to bottom. At this time, the outward-expanding anchor plate 19 is in the retracted state, the grout outlet sealing part 20 blocks the external connection end of the lower grout outlet 6, and the bottom ball head 10 is located below the bottom of the anchor body 1.

[0034] When the anchor body 1 is lowered to the bottom of the anchor hole, the bottom contact ball head 10 first abuts against the bottom of the anchor hole. The bottom of the bottom contact ball head 10 is spherical or nearly spherical, which can adapt to the uneven contact state at the bottom of the anchor hole. After the bottom contact ball head 10 abuts against the bottom of the hole, the anchor body 1 continues to move down a certain distance relative to the bottom contact ball head 10 and the sliding rod 8 under its own weight or the lowering force, causing the sliding rod 8 to move up relative to the anchor body 1. When the sliding rod 8 moves up, the wedge-shaped drive block 14 moves up with the sliding rod 8 and pushes the radial push block 16 radially outward along the wedge-shaped guide groove 17. The radial push block 16 pushes the outwardly expanding anchor plate 19 to extend outward obliquely along the oblique outwardly expanding guide groove 12 through the outwardly expanding guide frame 18.

[0035] After the extended anchor plate 19 extends outward, it enters the annular gap between the outer wall of the anchor rod body 1 and the wall of the anchor hole. The extension of the extended anchor plate 19 is used to form an extended anchor profile on the outer periphery of the anchor rod body 1, increasing the mechanical interlocking relationship between the subsequent grout and the anchor rod body 1, rather than achieving radial support by directly pressing against the hole wall.

[0036] When the wedge-shaped drive block 14 pushes the radial push block 16 outward to the predetermined position, the wedge-shaped drive block 14 passes over the main guide section of the wedge-shaped guide groove 17 or disengages from the wedge-shaped guide groove 17. The anti-retraction locking rod 15 enters the side limit position of the wedge-shaped guide groove 17 and forms a locking with it to restrict the radial push block 16 from retracting inward. As a result, the outward expansion anchoring plate 19 can remain in the extended state before the grouting is cured. When the sliding rod 8 continues to move upward under the grouting pressure, the wedge-shaped drive block 14 will no longer push the radial push block 16 outward, thereby preventing the outward expansion anchoring plate 19 from further pressing against the anchoring hole wall.

[0037] After the bottoming trigger and the extension of the outward-expanding anchor plate 19 are completed, the top limiting plate 2 is positioned below the foundation, and the foundation fixing threaded section 3 passes through the foundation. For precast foundations or foundations with reserved holes, the foundation fixing threaded section 3 can pass through the reserved holes and then a locking nut can be installed on the top of the foundation. For post-cast foundations, the foundation fixing threaded section 3 can be positioned in the area of ​​the foundation to be poured after the anchor body 1 is positioned, and then locked and fixed through the foundation fixing threaded section 3 after the foundation is formed.

[0038] Then, the external grouting equipment is connected to the upper end of the grouting channel 7, and grout is injected into the grouting channel 7. The grout enters the grouting connection cavity 4 along the grouting channel 7. Since the grouting plug 20 still blocks the connection between the lower grouting hole 6 and the outside of the anchor body 1, the grout cannot be discharged from the lower grouting hole 6 immediately. Instead, it first exerts upward pressure on the piston plate 9 in the grouting connection cavity 4. Under the pressure of the grout, the piston plate 9 continues to move upward along the piston sliding cavity 5, and drives the sliding rod 8 and the bottom ball head 10 to move upward synchronously. After the bottom ball head 10 moves upward with the sliding rod 8, it leaves the bottom of the anchor hole, and a bottom grouting gap is formed between the bottom ball head 10 and the bottom of the anchor hole. Since the bottom ball head 10 no longer occupies the bottom position of the hole, the subsequent grout can enter the bottom area of ​​the hole, avoiding the formation of a closed dead corner or empty grout area at the bottom of the hole.

[0039] When the piston plate 9 continues to move upward to the preset position, the grout sealing component 20 moves upward with the piston plate 9 and avoids the lower grout outlet 6. The outer end of the lower grout outlet 6 is connected to the outside of the anchor body 1. At this time, the grout in the grouting cavity 4 is discharged to the outside of the anchor body 1 through the lower grout outlet 6, and preferentially enters the bottom grouting gap between the bottom ball head 10 and the bottom of the anchor hole. After the grout fills the bottom area of ​​the hole, it flows upward back along the annular gap between the outer wall of the anchor body 1 and the wall of the anchor hole. During the upward flow process, the grout flows through the gap between the outwardly expanding anchor plate 19 and the wall of the anchor hole, and covers the outwardly expanding anchor plate 19, the protruding area of ​​the radial push block 16, and the lower outer wall of the anchor body 1, while filling the gap between the anchor body 1 and the wall of the anchor hole. After the grout solidifies, the grout combines with the wall of the anchor hole, the outer wall of the anchor body 1, and the outwardly expanding anchor plate 19 to form a grouting anchor body. After the outwardly expanding anchor plate 19 is covered by the solidified grout, it forms an outwardly expanded and consolidated anchoring structure.

[0040] After the grout solidifies to the preset strength, the foundation is locked and fixed by the foundation fixing thread section 3 and the locking nut, so that the foundation is reliably clamped between the top limiting plate 2 and the locking nut; at this time, the lower part of the anchor body 1 is combined with the rock layer or bearing layer through the grouting anchor body and the outward expansion anchor plate 19, and the upper part of the anchor body 1 is combined with the foundation through the top limiting plate 2 and the foundation fixing thread section 3, thereby forming a complete anchoring force transmission path from the foundation to the rock layer or bearing layer.

[0041] Through the above structure, the present invention keeps the outwardly expanding anchor plate 19 in a retracted or non-extended state during the lowering stage of the anchor bolt body 1, reducing scraping against the hole wall; after the anchor bolt body 1 touches the bottom, the bottom reaction force of the bottom ball head 10 drives the sliding rod 8 to move upward, thereby causing the outwardly expanding anchor plate 19 to extend into the annular gap between the anchor bolt body 1 and the wall of the anchor hole, forming an outwardly expanding anchor profile; during the grouting stage, the grout outlet sealing member 20 temporarily seals the connection between the lower grout outlet 6 and the outside, giving priority to the grout pressure. The piston plate 9 is pushed upward, which in turn drives the bottom ball head 10 away from the bottom of the hole. After the bottom ball head 10 leaves the bottom, the grout sealing component 20 avoids the lower grout outlet 6, and the grout is discharged from the lower grout outlet 6 and returns upward from the bottom of the hole. This structure enables the bottom triggering, the extension of the outward expansion anchor plate, the grout injection and lifting, the grout passing through the bottom of the hole and the grout consolidation to form a continuous coordination. Even without requiring the outward expansion anchor plate 19 to directly press against the wall of the anchor hole, a reliable outward expansion and consolidation anchoring structure can still be formed by covering the outward expansion anchor plate 19 with grout.

[0042] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A reinforcement structure for anchor bolts on transmission line towers, characterized in that, It includes an anchor bolt body, a top limiting plate and a foundation fixing threaded section set on the upper part of the anchor bolt body, a sliding rod axially slidingly set inside the lower part of the anchor bolt body, a bottom-contacting ball head set at the lower end of the sliding rod and extending out of the bottom of the anchor bolt body, a radial push block set inside the anchor bolt body, and an outwardly expanding anchor plate. The radial push block is slidably disposed in the radial sliding cavity of the anchor body, and the outwardly expanding anchor plate is movably disposed in the oblique outwardly expanding guide groove of the anchor body. A wedge-shaped drive block that is in transmission cooperation with the radial push block is fixed on the sliding rod. When the bottom ball head abuts the bottom of the anchor hole and the anchor body continues to move downward, the sliding rod moves upward relative to the anchor body and pushes the radial push block outward through the wedge-shaped drive block. The radial push block drives the outwardly expanding anchor plate to extend into the annular gap between the anchor body and the wall of the anchor hole. The anchor bolt body is also provided with a grouting channel, a grouting connecting cavity, a piston sliding cavity, and a lower grout outlet. The grouting channel is connected to the grouting connecting cavity, which is connected to the piston sliding cavity and the lower grout outlet. A piston plate is provided on the sliding rod, located in the piston sliding cavity. A grout outlet sealing element is provided on the piston plate for initially sealing the lower grout outlet and the outside of the anchor bolt body. During grouting, the grout pushes the piston plate upward, causing the bottom ball head to leave the bottom of the anchor hole and causing the grout outlet sealing element to avoid the lower grout outlet, so that the lower grout outlet is connected to the outside of the anchor bolt body.

2. The transmission line tower anchor reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper outer periphery of the anchor bolt body is fixedly fitted with a top limiting plate, and the foundation fixing threaded section is coaxially arranged with the anchor bolt body. The foundation fixing threaded section is used to pass through the foundation and cooperate with the locking nut, so that the foundation is clamped between the top limiting plate and the locking nut.

3. The transmission line tower anchor reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grout passage cavity is located inside the lower part of the anchor bolt body, the piston sliding cavity is located above the grout passage cavity, the lower grout outlet is located inside the lower part of the anchor bolt body and communicates with the grout passage cavity, and the outer end of the lower grout outlet is used to communicate with the outside of the anchor bolt body; the grout sealing component moves synchronously with the piston plate and is used to open and close the communication between the outer end of the lower grout outlet and the outside of the anchor bolt body.

4. The transmission line tower anchor reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston plate is fixedly connected to the sliding rod, and the piston plate is sealed and slidably fitted with the inner wall of the piston sliding cavity. When the bottom ball touches the bottom and the sliding rod moves upward initially, the piston plate is located in the lower middle part of the piston sliding cavity, and the slurry outlet sealing component blocks the lower slurry outlet hole. Under the action of grouting pressure, the piston plate can continue to move to the upper part of the piston sliding cavity and drive the slurry outlet sealing component to move upward, so that the external connecting end of the lower slurry outlet hole is exposed.

5. The transmission line tower anchor reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial push block has a wedge-shaped guide groove on its inner side, and the wedge-shaped drive block is engaged with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped guide groove. When the sliding rod moves upward, the wedge-shaped drive block slides along the wedge-shaped guide groove to convert the axial displacement of the sliding rod into the radial outward movement of the radial push block.

6. The transmission line tower anchor reinforcement structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, A locking rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the wedge-shaped drive block, and the locking rod is set in a corresponding position to the side limit position of the wedge-shaped guide groove. When the wedge-shaped drive block pushes the radial push block outward and disengages from the wedge-shaped guide groove, the locking rod engages with the side of the wedge-shaped guide groove to restrict the radial push block from retracting inward.

7. The transmission line tower anchor reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An outward-expanding guide frame is provided on the outer side of the radial push block, and the outward-expanding anchor plate is guided and engaged with the outward-expanding guide frame; when the radial push block moves outward, the outward-expanding guide frame pushes the outward-expanding anchor plate to slide outward obliquely along the oblique outward-expanding guide groove.

8. The transmission line tower anchor reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Even after the extended anchor plate extends, it still retains space for grout to pass through. The grout can cover the extended anchor plate and form a solidified locking body after solidification.

9. A method for anchoring anchor bolts on transmission line towers, characterized in that, The transmission line tower anchor reinforcement structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: S1, Drill anchor holes in the rock layer or the bearing layer below the foundation, and make the diameter of the anchor holes larger than the outer diameter of the anchor body. S2, the anchor body is placed into the anchor hole. The anchor body moves down under the action of gravity. When the bottom ball head first abuts the bottom of the anchor hole, the sliding rod moves up relative to the anchor body and drives the wedge-shaped drive block to push the radial push block outward. The radial push block drives the outward expansion anchor plate to extend outward along the inclined outward expansion guide groove. The bottom of the bottom ball head is spherical to adapt to the uneven contact at the bottom of the anchor hole. The outward expansion anchor plate extends into the annular gap between the anchor body and the anchor hole wall, and a grout flow gap is maintained between the anchor body and the anchor hole wall so that the grout can cover the outward expansion anchor plate and form an outward expansion and consolidation anchor structure. S3, positioning the top limiting plate below the foundation and allowing the foundation fixing thread section to pass through the foundation; S4, inject grout into the grouting channel, so that the grout enters the grouting connection cavity through the grouting channel, and pushes the piston plate to move upward in the piston sliding cavity. The piston plate drives the sliding rod and the bottom ball head to move upward, so that the bottom ball head leaves the bottom of the anchor hole. At the same time, the piston plate drives the grouting sealing part to move upward, so that the lower grouting hole is connected to the outside of the anchor body. S5, the grout is discharged through the lower grout outlet and fills the gap between the anchor rod body and the wall of the anchor hole. After the grout solidifies, the foundation is locked and fixed through the foundation fixing thread section.

10. A method for anchoring transmission line tower anchors according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S2, after the wedge-shaped drive block pushes the radial push block outward, the anti-reverse locking rod engages with the side of the wedge-shaped guide groove to maintain the extended state of the outward-expanding anchor plate; in step S4, after the bottom contact ball head leaves the bottom of the anchor hole, a bottom grouting gap is formed between the bottom contact ball head and the bottom of the anchor hole; in step S5, the grout is discharged to the outside of the anchor body through the lower grout outlet hole, and then enters the bottom grouting gap before returning upward.

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