Automatic sand cleaning device for mine soil remediation

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation, comprising a mobile chassis, and further comprising: a loading assembly, installed on the top of the mobile chassis, for receiving, screening, and temporarily storing the cleaned material; a suction unit, disposed on the loading assembly, with a suction pipe connected to its feed end; a crushing assembly, disposed on the inner wall of the suction pipe near the bottom, for crushing the sucked-in soil, the working mode of which can adaptively adjust according to the hardness and viscosity of the soil; and a dustproof assembly, sleeved on the outer wall of the suction pipe, for spraying spiral airflow to the bottom periphery of the suction pipe. This invention utilizes the crushing assembly to allow the blades to adaptively switch between impact and scraping modes, adapting to both soft and hard soil types, and multiple blade sets can pre-process oversized hard objects, thereby preventing machine blockage and improving suction efficiency; the dustproof assembly forms an air curtain to suppress dust through tangential spiral airflow, with minimal interference to the central negative pressure, which helps in dust suppression and suction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine soil remediation technology, specifically to an automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation. Background Technology

[0002] During mining operations, blasting, excavation, and transportation cause extensive damage to surface vegetation, severe disruption of soil structure, and loss of soil continuity, often leaving behind large amounts of waste gravel, compacted soil clods, and loose sand. These materials cover the surface and compact the soil, not only disrupting the regional hydrological cycle and exacerbating soil erosion, further worsening the vulnerability of the surrounding ecosystem, but also clogging soil pores and hindering nutrient migration, significantly restricting subsequent soil improvement, vegetation restoration, and other ecological restoration projects. Therefore, sand and soil removal is an essential and crucial preliminary step in mine soil remediation, and its effectiveness directly affects the overall success and timeline of the remediation work.

[0003] Currently, sand and soil clearing operations in this field are still mainly manual, relying on manpower for point-by-point clearing and transportation. This is labor-intensive, inefficient, and cannot meet the progress requirements of large-scale restoration. At the same time, personnel working in complex and rugged mining sites face high safety risks. Although loaders and other machinery are used for removal in some cases, the equipment is large and has poor mobility, making it difficult to adapt to the narrow and uneven working environment of mines. It can also easily cause secondary damage to the surrounding soil layers and generate dust, resulting in limited applicability and the potential to cause secondary disturbances. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a significantly different approach. It primarily offers an automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation. This addresses the aforementioned background issues where current sand and soil cleaning methods rely heavily on inefficient and high-risk manual processes, or on large machinery (such as loaders) with poor adaptability and a tendency to cause secondary damage to the soil layer. This makes it difficult to balance cleaning efficiency, operational safety, and site adaptability.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: An automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation includes a mobile chassis and further includes: A loading assembly, installed on top of the mobile chassis, is used to receive, screen, and temporarily store the cleaned-out materials; A suction unit is provided on the feeding assembly, and its inlet end is connected to a suction tube; The crushing component is located on the inner wall of the suction tube near the bottom and is used to crush the sucked-in soil. The working mode of the crushing component can be adaptively adjusted according to the hardness and viscosity of the soil. A dustproof component, fitted onto the outer wall of the suction tube, is used to spray a spiral airflow onto the bottom periphery of the suction tube to suppress dust generated during suction operations.

[0006] More preferably, the crushing assembly includes a protective housing, a main shaft, a conical head, at least two sets of crushing blades, and a sliding sleeve block; The outer wall of the protective housing is fixed to the inner wall of the straw by a connecting rod, and a drive motor is provided inside the protective housing; The spindle is connected to the output end of the drive motor and extends downward through the protective housing; the tapered head is connected to the bottom end of the spindle. Each set of the crushing blades includes a blade and a linkage rod. One end of the blade is hinged to the conical head, the sliding sleeve is slidably fitted on the main shaft, one end of the linkage rod is hinged to the sliding sleeve, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the blade.

[0007] More preferably, the dustproof assembly includes a second telescopic hose, an exhaust ring, and a fan; The exhaust ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the straw. The upper part of the inner wall of the exhaust ring is provided with an annular cavity, and the lower part is provided with multiple spiral exhaust channels that are distributed circumferentially and inclined tangentially downward. The upper part of the exhaust ring is provided with an air inlet pipe that communicates with the annular cavity on its inner wall. The blower is mounted on the housing of the feeding assembly near one end of the suction pipe; The fan outlet is provided with a bucket-shaped pipe connected to a three-way pipe. Both outlets of the three-way pipe are equipped with valves. One end of the second telescopic hose is connected to one outlet valve of the three-way pipe, and the other end is connected to the air inlet pipe on the exhaust ring.

[0008] More preferably, an elastic reset member is provided between the sliding sleeve and the conical head, and the elastic reset member is covered with a telescopic protective tube.

[0009] More preferably, the main shaft is provided with an eccentric counterweight to generate centrifugal force when the main shaft rotates, so as to drive the sliding sleeve to move along the axial direction of the main shaft.

[0010] More preferably, the loading assembly includes a housing, a first gate, and a second gate; The box is installed on the top of the mobile chassis. The top of the box has a feed hole, one end of which is a discharge port, and the front end near one side has a discharge port. The first gate is rotatably installed at the front end of the box body at a position corresponding to the discharge port outlet; The second gate is rotatably installed at the discharge port at one end of the box body; The housing is equipped with a drive mechanism for opening and closing the first gate and the second gate.

[0011] More preferably, the loading assembly further includes a partition plate, a first guide plate, a second guide plate, and a filtering mechanism; The partition plate is vertically arranged inside the box body, dividing the internal space of the box body into a screening area connected to the discharge port and a storage area connected to the discharge port. The first guide plate is inclinedly disposed within the screening section, with its high end facing the inside of the box and its low end facing the discharge port. The second guide plate is inclinedly disposed in the storage area, with its high end facing the partition plate and its low end facing the discharge port; The filtration mechanism is installed at an angle inside the box and below the feed hole. Its high end is located above the storage area, and its low end extends above the screening area, for screening the material that falls in.

[0012] More preferably, the suction unit includes a suction pump, the discharge port of which is connected to the feed hole at the top of the housing via a pipe; The top of the suction tube is connected to the feed end of the suction pump via a first telescopic hose and pipe.

[0013] Further preferred embodiments include a linear motion mechanism and a lifting mechanism; The linear motion mechanism is installed at one end of the feeding assembly and is used to adjust the horizontal position of the straw; The lifting mechanism is mounted on the moving part of the linear motion mechanism, and the straw is installed on its telescopic end for adjusting the height of the straw.

[0014] More preferably, the first guide plate, the second guide plate, and / or the filter mechanism are provided with a vibration mechanism.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention uses a crushing component that utilizes the dynamic balance between the centrifugal force generated by the eccentric counterweight and the spring return force to drive the blades to steplessly and adaptively switch between two modes: vertical impact and horizontal scraping. When encountering hard and compacted soil, the blades automatically retract, transforming into chisels to crush hard soil blocks with concentrated impact force, avoiding blockage and protecting the motor. When encountering wet, soft, and sticky soil, the blades automatically unfold, transforming into scrapers to expand the working radius, effectively stripping and conveying the sticky soil, preventing it from sticking and adhering. This ensures that soils with different physical properties can be effectively broken up and smoothly enter the conveying pipeline from the suction source, improving single-point suction efficiency and avoiding pipeline blockage, providing a stable and reliable material flow for the entire system. Furthermore, by setting up multiple sets of crushing blades, it can provide preliminary mechanical intervention for sucked-in oversized hard objects such as extra-large rocks, preventing oversized hard objects from directly entering the deep part of the pipeline and thus avoiding the risk of instantaneous blockage.

[0016] 2. This invention utilizes a dustproof component that sprays a downward spiral airflow through an exhaust ring, forming a downward rotating air curtain at the suction pipe inlet. The downward spiral airflow effectively suppresses and carries away dust raised during suction, improving the working environment. Furthermore, because the airflow is downward spiral, its interference with the main suction negative pressure zone in the center of the suction pipe is minimized, thereby maximizing the protection of the efficient suction power established by the crushing component and avoiding significant reduction in suction power due to dust suppression. In addition, the stable airflow field also helps to quickly suppress and bring back fine particles that may still be raised after initial crushing by the crushing component, thus reducing secondary damage and dust generation at the cleaning site.

[0017] 3. The present invention uses a feeding and screening component, which achieves one-time screening of sand and gravel through an inclined filtration mechanism. With the design of a partition plate and an inclined guide plate, the screened sand and gravel are automatically guided to an independent storage area by gravity. It can directly process the material flow that has been optimized and crushed by the crushing component and stably conveyed by the dustproof component, and can be classified and stored.

[0018] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the full cross-sectional structure of the loading assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the full cross-sectional structure of the dustproof component of the present invention.

[0020] Numbering on the map: 1. Mobile chassis; 2. Loading assembly; 201. Housing; 202. First gate; 203. Second gate; 204. Partition plate; 205. First guide plate; 206. Second guide plate; 207. Filtration mechanism; 3. Suction unit; 4. Linear motion mechanism; 5. Lifting mechanism; 6. Straw; 601. First telescopic flexible hose; 7. Crushing assembly; 701. Protective housing; 702. Main shaft; 703. Conical head; 704. Sliding sleeve; 705. Linkage rod; 706. Blade; 8. Dustproof components; 801. Second telescopic hose; 802. Exhaust ring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and complete.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0023] Please refer to the appendix carefully. Figures 1-6 An automatic sand cleaning device for mine soil remediation includes a mobile chassis 1, a loading assembly 2, a suction unit 3, a linear motion mechanism 4, a lifting mechanism 5, a suction pipe 6, a crushing assembly 7, a dustproof assembly 8, and a control system.

[0024] The mobile chassis 1 serves as the mobile base for the entire device and can adopt a tracked or wheeled structure to adapt to the rugged terrain of the mine. The mobile chassis 1 integrates a power module, a remote control module, and a camera module to realize autonomous or remote operation and status monitoring of the device.

[0025] The mobile chassis 1 may include a GPS / BeiDou positioning module, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), and a forward-looking camera or lidar, for the purpose of achieving precise positioning, navigation, and identification of terrain and obstacles in front of the device.

[0026] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the loading assembly 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the mobile chassis 1 and is used to receive, pre-screen, classify and temporarily store the cleaned materials. It includes a box 201, a first gate 202, a second gate 203, a partition plate 204, a first guide plate 205, a second guide plate 206 and a filter mechanism 207.

[0027] The top of the box 201 has a feed hole, one end of which has a discharge port for discharging sand and soil, and the front end near one side has a discharge port for discharging screened material (such as stones). The first gate 202 is rotatably installed at the front end of the box 201 via a hinge and a drive mechanism (such as an electric push rod) to control the opening and closing of the discharge port. The second gate 203 is also rotatably installed at the discharge port at one end of the box 201 via a hinge and a drive mechanism.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the partition plate 204 is vertically fixed inside the box 201, dividing its inner cavity into a screening section on the left and a storage section on the right. The screening section is connected to the discharge port, and the storage section is connected to the outlet. The first guide plate 205 is inclinedly fixed to the bottom of the screening section, with its high end facing the inner wall of the box 201 and its low end facing the discharge port, facilitating the sliding out of the material on the screen.

[0029] The second guide plate 206 is fixed at an angle to the bottom of the storage area, with its high end facing the partition plate 204 and its low end facing the discharge port, which facilitates the collection and discharge of sand and soil.

[0030] The filter mechanism 207 is installed at an angle inside the housing 201 via a frame and is located directly below the feed hole. Its high end is located above the storage area, and its low end extends above the screening area. The filter mechanism 207 mainly consists of a frame and a filter screen laid on it. It is used to screen the mixed materials fed in by the suction pump. Fine materials such as sand and soil pass through the filter screen and fall into the storage area, while large materials such as stones are intercepted and roll down the slope to the screening area. To further improve the screening and guiding effect, a vibration motor can be installed on the first guide plate 205, the second guide plate 206 and / or the frame of the filter mechanism 207 as a vibration mechanism.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the suction unit 3 is a suction pump, which is fixedly installed on the top of the housing 201. The discharge port of the suction pump is sealed and connected to the feed hole on the top of the housing 201 through a pipe.

[0032] The linear motion mechanism 4, such as a lead screw slide module or a synchronous belt linear module, is installed at the end of the housing 201 away from the opening. The lifting mechanism 5, such as an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder, has its cylinder body fixedly installed on the slider of the linear motion mechanism 4. Through the coordinated work of the linear motion mechanism 4 and the lifting mechanism 5, the working position of the suction tube 6 in the horizontal and vertical directions can be adjusted over a wide range.

[0033] The top of the straw 6 is connected to the feed end of the suction pump through a first telescopic hose 601 and a pipe, and the body of the straw 6 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the lifting mechanism 5.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the crushing component 7 is located on the inner wall of the suction pipe 6 near the bottom, and is used to crush the compacted or lumpy soil sucked in during the suction process in real time. It includes a protective shell 701, a drive motor, a main shaft 702, a conical head 703, a sliding sleeve block 704, a crushing blade assembly, and an elastic reset component.

[0035] The protective housing 701 is radially supported and fixed to the inner wall of the suction pipe 6 by several connecting rods. The drive motor is installed inside the protective housing 701. The upper end of the main shaft 702 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor and extends downward through the sealed bearing at the bottom of the protective housing 701. The conical head 703 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main shaft 702. At least two sets of crushing blades are evenly arranged circumferentially. Each set of crushing blades includes a blade 706 and a linkage rod 705. One end of the blade 706 is hinged to the conical head 705 by a pin. On the top of the conical head 703, the sliding sleeve 704 is slidably sleeved on the main shaft 702 by means of a sliding key or spline, etc. It can slide up and down along the axis of the main shaft 702 but cannot rotate relative to it. One end of the linkage rod 705 is hinged to the sliding sleeve 704 by a pin, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the blade 706 by another pin. An elastic reset element, such as a reset spring, is provided between the sliding sleeve 704 and the top of the conical head 703. To prevent soil from entering, a telescopic protective tube can be sleeved on the outside of the reset spring.

[0036] Multiple sets of crushing blades can be set according to needs. They can provide preliminary mechanical intervention for sucked-in oversized hard objects such as extra-large rocks. When such hard objects, which are larger than the conventional crushing range, approach the inlet of the suction pipe 6, multiple blades 706, which are rotating at high speed and spread out at a certain angle, form a dynamic local shielding and impact zone on their movement trajectory. The oversized hard objects will first collide with the rotating blades 706, be impacted, crushed, or forced to change their trajectory, and thus be blocked or pre-crushed to a certain extent. This avoids the risk of instantaneous blockage that may be caused by the object directly entering the deep part of the pipe without any intervention.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 5As shown, an eccentric counterweight is fixedly installed on the shaft section above or below the sliding sleeve block 704 on the main shaft 702. When encountering hard soil, the load on the drive motor increases, and the speed may decrease slightly. The centrifugal force generated by the eccentric counterweight decreases, and the elastic force of the return spring becomes dominant. This causes the pulling blade 706 to retract inward around the hinge point on the conical head 703, making the angle with the vertical direction smaller (close to perpendicular). At this time, the blade 706 acts like a chisel, generating a concentrated impact crushing force on the hard soil clods. When encountering softer or wet clay soil, the load on the drive motor is small, and the speed is stable or increases. The centrifugal force generated by the eccentric counterweight increases, and the connecting mechanism can overcome the elastic force of the return spring, causing the blade 706 to swing outward, making the angle with the vertical direction larger (close to horizontal). At this time, the working radius of the blade 706 increases, and like a scraper, it can effectively scrape, crush, and transport soft clay soil. This process realizes the stepless adaptive adjustment of the blade's working shape to the soil conditions.

[0038] In addition, when the eccentric counterweight on the main shaft 702 rotates at high speed, it not only provides the centrifugal force required to adjust the shape of the blade 706, but also causes the main shaft 702 and the connected conical head 703, blade 706 and other components to vibrate periodically. This vibration is transmitted to the inner wall of the suction tube 6 and the surrounding area of ​​the crushing component 7, which helps to shake off and prevent wet and sticky soil from adhering to and accumulating on the inner wall of the suction tube 6 and the surface of the crushing component 7, thus reducing the risk of material sticking and clogging.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the dustproof component 8 is used to suppress dust generated during suction at the bottom of the suction tube 6. It includes an exhaust ring 802, a second telescopic hose 801, a fan (a baffle can be installed on the air inlet side), a diverter tee pipe, and a valve. The exhaust ring 802 is fitted and fixed to the outer wall of the suction tube 6 by fasteners and is located above the crushing component 7. The upper part of the inner wall of the exhaust ring 802 is provided with an annular cavity, and the lower part is evenly distributed with multiple spiral exhaust channels communicating with the annular cavity. The outlet direction of these exhaust channels is designed to be tangentially inclined downward, so as to spray out a downward spiral airflow. This spiral airflow can form a downward air curtain around the inlet of the suction tube 6, effectively suppressing and driving away the dust generated during suction. At the same time, since the airflow is spiral downward, it has less interference with the suction negative pressure in the central area of ​​the suction tube 6, avoiding excessive cancellation of suction force.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, near the inlet of the straw 6, a near-infrared spectrometer or a visual sensor may be included to preliminarily identify the type of soil to be extracted (such as moisture content and particle size estimation).

[0041] A current sensor or torque sensor is integrated into the drive motor of the crushing component 7 to monitor the motor current or torque in real time. This data directly reflects the resistance experienced by the blade 706 and is used to determine the soil hardness.

[0042] Encoders or limit switches are installed on the linear motion mechanism 4 and the lifting mechanism 5, and a distance sensor is installed on the straw 6 to provide feedback on the horizontal and vertical position of the straw 6.

[0043] Ultrasonic level gauges or weight sensors are installed in the screening area and storage area of ​​the loading assembly 2, respectively, to monitor the accumulation of stones and sand.

[0044] A pressure sensor and a flow meter are installed on the suction unit 3 to monitor the negative pressure and material flow in the pipeline; a wind pressure sensor can be installed at the inlet or outlet of the blower.

[0045] The control system is electrically connected to the aforementioned sensors.

[0046] The specific operation process of the present invention is as follows: First, the device travels to the designated repair area via a mobile chassis 1. The chassis can be selected as a tracked or wheeled structure according to the terrain to ensure passability in the rugged environment of the mine. The positioning module (such as GPS / BeiDou) and sensing module (such as camera, lidar) integrated on the chassis enable it to achieve autonomous navigation, obstacle avoidance or receive remote commands for precise positioning.

[0047] Upon reaching the target area, the control system coordinates the actions of the linear motion mechanism 4 and the lifting mechanism 5 according to the preset program or real-time instructions. The linear motion mechanism 4 is responsible for driving the suction tube 6 to move over a wide range on the horizontal plane, while the lifting mechanism 5 adjusts the height of the suction tube 6 off the ground, thereby accurately positioning the entrance of the suction tube 6 above the sand to be cleaned.

[0048] After positioning is completed, the control system sequentially starts the drive motors of the suction unit 3, the crushing component 7, and the fan of the dustproof component 8, and opens the corresponding airflow valves.

[0049] Sand is drawn into suction pipe 6 under the negative pressure generated by the suction pump. During the suction process, it first passes through crushing component 7. The blades 706 of this component are not fixed in shape; their core working principle lies in mechanical self-adaptation. When encountering hard sand, the resistance experienced by the blade 706 increases, leading to an increase in the load on the drive motor and a slight decrease in its speed. At this time, the centrifugal force generated by the eccentric counterweight fixed on the main shaft 702 decreases. Under the dominance of the elastic force of the elastic reset element (such as a spring), the sliding sleeve 704 is pushed upward. Through the transmission of the linkage rod 705, the blade 706 retracts inward around its hinge point on the conical head 703, and its posture becomes close to vertical. In this state, the blade 706, like a chisel, efficiently breaks up hard soil blocks with concentrated impact force.

[0050] When encountering soft / wet sticky sand, the blade 706 has low resistance, the drive motor is lightly loaded, and the speed is stable or increased. The centrifugal force generated by the eccentric counterweight increases. This centrifugal force overcomes the spring force and pushes the sliding sleeve 704 down. Then, through the linkage rod 705, the blade 706 is pushed outward and thrown away, making its posture close to horizontal. In this state, the working radius of the blade 706 increases, and like a scraper, it can effectively scrape, crush and transport sticky sand, preventing blockage.

[0051] Meanwhile, depending on the usage requirements, the airflow can be directed to the exhaust ring 802 or directly discharged by controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding valves. When dust suppression is required, the dustproof component 8 is activated, and the airflow generated by the fan is delivered to the exhaust ring 802 sleeved on the outer wall of the suction pipe 6 through the second telescopic hose 801. The spiral exhaust channels distributed circumferentially at the lower part of the exhaust ring 802 spray the airflow out in a tangential downward spiral form, forming a downward air curtain around the bottom inlet of the suction pipe 6. This spiral airflow can effectively suppress and disperse the dust raised during suction, and due to its downward rotating characteristic, it has minimal interference with the negative pressure of the main suction airflow area in the center of the suction pipe 6, thus maintaining suction efficiency to the maximum extent while effectively suppressing dust.

[0052] The crushed sand-soil mixture is transported through a pipeline to the feed hole at the top of the housing 201 of the loading assembly 2 by a suction pump. The mixture first falls onto the inclined filter mechanism 207.

[0053] Fine materials such as sand and soil pass through the filter screen, fall into the storage area on the right, and naturally slide along the inclined surface of the second guide plate 206 towards the discharge port.

[0054] Larger particles such as stones are trapped by the filter screen and roll down the inclined surface of the filter mechanism 207 to the screening section on the left, and then slide down the inclined surface of the first guide plate 205 to gather in the direction of the fine material discharge outlet.

[0055] The vibrating motor installed on the guide plate or filter mechanism 207 can be started periodically to assist the smooth sliding of materials through vibration, preventing caking or blockage.

[0056] Throughout the operation, the sensor system throughout the device works continuously, providing real-time data to the control system: ultrasonic or weight sensors in the storage area and screening area monitor the accumulation of sand and stones in real time; the sensor at the inlet of the suction pipe 6 can predict the type of sand; the current / torque sensor of the crushing component motor 7 directly reflects the hardness and crushing state of the sand; the pressure and flow sensors on the suction pipeline monitor the conveying efficiency; when the control system detects that any storage area (sand or stones) is about to be full, it can automatically pause the cleaning operation at the current point.

[0057] The control system controls the mobile chassis 1 to travel to the preset sand and soil storage point or stone collection point. After arriving at the sand and soil storage point, the control system opens the second gate 203, and the sorted sand and soil in the storage area slides out along the second guide plate 206 under the action of gravity. After arriving at the stone collection point, the control system opens the first gate 202, and the stones in the screening area slide out along the first guide plate 205. Alternatively, materials in the storage area or screening area can be directly discharged at the work site according to the usage requirements.

[0058] After unloading is completed, the gate closes, and the device can return to the unfinished work area or proceed to the next work point to repeat the above steps.

[0059] The present invention has been described by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvement made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand soil automatic cleaning device for mine soil remediation, comprising a mobile chassis (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The loading assembly (2) is installed on the top of the mobile chassis (1) and is used to receive, screen and temporarily store the cleaned material; A suction unit (3) is provided on the feeding assembly (2), and its feed end is connected to a suction tube (6). The crushing component (7) is located on the inner wall of the suction tube (6) near the bottom and is used to crush the sucked-in soil. The working mode of its crushing component can be adaptively adjusted according to the hardness and viscosity of the soil. The dustproof component (8) is fitted onto the outer wall of the suction tube (6) and is used to spray spiral airflow onto the bottom periphery of the suction tube (6) to suppress dust generated during the suction operation.

2. The automatic sand cleaning device for mine soil remediation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (7) includes a protective housing (701), a main shaft (702), a conical head (703), at least two sets of crushing blades, and a sliding sleeve (704). The outer wall of the protective housing (701) is fixed to the inner wall of the straw (6) by a connecting rod, and a drive motor is provided inside the protective housing (701); The main shaft (702) is connected to the output end of the drive motor and extends downward through the protective housing (701), and the tapered head (703) is connected to the bottom end of the main shaft (702); Each set of the crushing blades includes a blade (706) and a linkage rod (705). One end of the blade (706) is hinged to the conical head (703), and the sliding sleeve (704) is slidably sleeved on the main shaft (702). One end of the linkage rod (705) is hinged to the sliding sleeve (704), and the other end is hinged to the middle of the blade (706).

3. The automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dustproof assembly (8) includes a second telescopic hose (801), an exhaust ring (802), and a fan; The exhaust ring (802) is sleeved on the outer wall of the straw (6). The upper part of the inner wall of the exhaust ring (802) is provided with an annular cavity, and the lower part is provided with a plurality of spiral exhaust channels that are distributed circumferentially and inclined tangentially downward. The upper part of the exhaust ring (802) is provided with an air inlet pipe that communicates with the annular cavity of its inner wall. The blower is located on the box (201) of the loading assembly (2) near one end of the suction pipe (6); The fan outlet is provided with a bucket-shaped pipe connected to a three-way pipe. Both outlets of the three-way pipe are equipped with valves. One end of the second telescopic hose (801) is connected to one outlet valve of the three-way pipe, and the other end is connected to the air inlet pipe on the exhaust ring (802).

4. The automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic reset member is provided between the sliding sleeve (704) and the conical head (703), and the elastic reset member is covered with a telescopic protective tube.

5. The automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation according to claim 2, characterized in that: An eccentric counterweight is provided on the main shaft (702) to generate centrifugal force when the main shaft (702) rotates, so as to drive the sliding sleeve (704) to move along the axial direction of the main shaft (702).

6. The automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading assembly (2) includes a box (201), a first gate (202), and a second gate (203); The box (201) is installed on the top of the mobile chassis (1). The top of the box (201) has a feed hole, one end of which is a discharge port, and the front end of which has a discharge port near one side. The first gate (202) is rotatably installed at the front end of the box (201) at the position corresponding to the discharge port outlet; The second gate (203) is rotatably installed at the discharge port at one end of the box (201); The housing (201) is provided with a drive mechanism for driving the opening and closing of the first gate (202) and the second gate (203).

7. The automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading assembly (2) also includes a partition plate (204), a first guide plate (205), a second guide plate (206), and a filter mechanism (207). The partition plate (204) is vertically arranged inside the box (201) to divide the internal space of the box (201) into a screening area connected to the discharge port and a storage area connected to the discharge port; The first guide plate (205) is inclinedly arranged in the screening section, with its high end facing the inside of the box (201) and its low end facing the discharge port; The second guide plate (206) is inclinedly disposed in the storage area, with its high end facing the partition plate (204) and its low end facing the discharge port; The filtration mechanism (207) is installed at an angle inside the housing (201) and below the feed hole. Its high end is located above the storage area and its low end extends above the screening area, and it is used to screen the material that falls in.

8. The automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The suction unit (3) includes a suction pump, whose outlet is connected to the feed hole at the top of the box (201) via a pipe; The top of the suction tube (6) is connected to the feed end of the suction pump via a first telescopic hose (601) and a pipe.

9. The automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a linear motion mechanism (4) and a lifting mechanism (5); The linear motion mechanism (4) is installed at one end of the feeding assembly (2) and is used to adjust the horizontal position of the straw (6); The lifting mechanism (5) is installed on the moving part of the linear motion mechanism (4), and the straw (6) is installed on its telescopic end for adjusting the height position of the straw (6).

10. An automatic sand and soil cleaning device for mine soil remediation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first guide plate (205), the second guide plate (206) and / or the filter mechanism (207) are provided with a vibration mechanism.

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