A coal mine safety operation device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a coal mine safety operation device, including a main auxiliary support mechanism, a secondary auxiliary support mechanism, a caster wheel assembly, and a lifting mechanism. The main auxiliary support mechanism includes a first support frame, a second support frame, a first support beam, a second support beam, and a third support beam. The secondary auxiliary support mechanism includes a third support frame, a fourth support beam, a fifth support beam, a sixth support beam, and a main sliding seat. This invention utilizes the lifting mechanism for raising and lowering, thereby changing the overall height. By swinging the first, second, and third support frames left and right, the horizontal spacing between the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth support beams can be adjusted, thus changing the overall width and facilitating entry and exit from roadways while reducing the hassle of disassembly. The detachable connection mode of the main and secondary auxiliary support mechanisms can adapt to straight roadways and three-way roadways with different angles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground coal mining technology, and in particular to a coal mine safety operation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine roadways are underground passages excavated in coal mines for purposes such as transportation, ventilation, drainage, and pedestrian access. They are an indispensable infrastructure in coal mining. Depending on the needs, common types of horizontal roadways include straight roadways and three-way roadways. Straight roadways extend in one direction, while three-way roadways are straight branch roadways that branch off from the main straight roadway. Existing auxiliary support mechanisms for roadways are mostly designed for straight roadways. For example, Chinese invention patent application number 202510223414.9 provides a user-friendly temporary support device for coal mining. This device "shortens the hydraulic rod to pull the rear lifting platform forward, thereby completing the advancement of the overall temporary support, and the entire process can be completed automatically, allowing for relatively simple movement in coal mines with limited space." However, it has the following shortcomings: First, while the device has both the function of supporting straight roadways and the function of moving along the roadway, it cannot meet the support needs at the intersection of three-way roadways. Second, the width of the device cannot be adjusted, so when moving within the roadway, if the straightness of the roadway is insufficient (e.g., when there is a horizontal inclination), it can easily hinder movement. Third, the use of hydraulic movement results in a relatively slow movement, making it difficult to quickly and timely move to the target location for use, thus reducing work efficiency. Some existing technologies, such as supporting the intersection of three branches by manually building structural supports, are slow to build and have a relatively complex structure that requires connecting and assembling each component individually, making them cumbersome and inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coal mine safety operation device and method to solve the technical problems of existing technology being unable to meet the support needs of three-way roadways, having unchangeable width, being inconvenient to move, and being inconvenient to assemble and use.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A coal mine safety operation device includes a main auxiliary support mechanism, a secondary auxiliary support mechanism, a caster wheel assembly, and a lifting mechanism. The main auxiliary support mechanism includes a first support frame, a second support frame, a first support beam, a second support beam, and a third support beam. The secondary auxiliary support mechanism includes a third support frame, a fourth support beam, a fifth support beam, a sixth support beam, and a main sliding seat. The first, second, and third support frames are vertically arranged, and their tops conform to the shape of the top of the roadway wall. The first and second support frames are symmetrically arranged front and rear, and are located to the left or right of the third support frame. The upper parts of the first and second support frames are detachably hinged from left to right to the first support beam, the second support beam, and the third support beam. The support beams, namely the first, second, and third support beams, have their virtual hinge axes set vertically and are parallel to each other. The first or third support beam, which is opposite to the third support frame, is slidably connected to two detachable main sliding seats. The two main sliding seats are detachably hinged to the sixth and fourth support beams from front to back. The third support beam and the third support frame are detachably hinged together at the middle. The virtual hinge axes of the fourth, fifth, and sixth support beams are set vertically and are parallel to each other. The fourth and sixth support beams are horizontally slidably connected to the third support frame. The bottom of the first, second, and third support frames are respectively equipped with caster wheel assemblies and lifting mechanisms.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the No. 1 support frame, No. 2 support frame, No. 3 support frame, No. 2 support beam, and main sliding seat are respectively fixed with support parts, and each support part is respectively threaded with a vertical screw rod. The screw rod is interlocked with the No. 1 support beam, No. 2 support beam, and No. 3 support beam to achieve a hinged connection compared to the No. 1 support frame and No. 2 support frame. The No. 4 support beam, No. 5 support beam, and No. 6 support beam are interlocked with the screw rod to achieve a hinged connection compared to the No. 3 support frame and main sliding seat.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the parts of the No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, and No. 6 support beams that are connected to the screw are respectively provided with insertion ports. Each insertion port is horizontally inserted into the support part. The shank of the screw has three stepped sections that gradually taper from bottom to top, and a clamping part is provided at the bottom end. The outer wall of the second section of the shank of the screw has external threads. The screw is threadedly connected to the support part through the external threads. The upper and lower parts of the shank of the screw are intermittently inserted into the No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, and No. 6 support beams from bottom to top.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the No. 1, No. 3, No. 4 and No. 6 support beams are respectively horizontally penetrating through limit holes. The axial direction of the limit holes is not horizontal with the sidewall of the roadway. The main auxiliary support mechanism also includes a main frame. The main frame includes a No. 2 auxiliary support beam and main rib beams. The No. 2 auxiliary support beam is installed on the upper part of the No. 2 support beam. Multiple detachable and parallel main rib beams are installed on the No. 2 auxiliary support beam from front to back. Each main rib beam corresponds to the upper part of the No. 1 support frame and the No. 2 support frame. The main rib beam, the upper part of the No. 1 support frame and the upper part of the No. 2 support frame are all arched. The left and right parts of the main rib beam are detachably installed with the No. 1 support beam and the No. 3 support beam.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, vertical main insert rods are fixed at the top of the No. 1 support beam and the top of the No. 3 support beam, respectively. The main rib beam is inserted into the No. 2 auxiliary support beam from top to bottom and into the main insert rod from top to bottom. The No. 1 support frame, the No. 2 support frame, and the main rib beam are respectively connected by main insert holes from front to back. The main insert holes of the No. 1 support frame, the No. 2 support frame, and the main rib beam are corresponding to each other from front to back. The main insert holes that correspond to each other from front to back are connected to the main support rod.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the auxiliary support mechanism includes a secondary frame, which includes a fifth secondary support beam, secondary ribs, and secondary sliding seats. The fifth secondary support beam is mounted on the upper part of the fifth secondary support beam. Multiple detachable and parallel secondary ribs are mounted on the fifth secondary support beam along the extension direction. Each secondary rib corresponds horizontally to the third support frame. The tops of the secondary ribs and the third support frame are respectively arched. The fourth and sixth support beams are horizontally slidably connected to the secondary sliding seats. The two bottoms of the secondary ribs are detachably installed to the secondary sliding seats.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, each of the auxiliary sliding seats is fixed with a vertical auxiliary insert rod. The auxiliary rib beam is inserted into the No. 5 auxiliary support beam from top to bottom, and is also inserted into the auxiliary insert rod from top to bottom. The upper part of the No. 3 support frame and each auxiliary rib beam are respectively provided with multiple auxiliary insert holes. The auxiliary insert holes of the No. 3 support frame are axially corresponding to the auxiliary insert holes of each auxiliary rib beam. The axially corresponding auxiliary insert holes are all connected to the auxiliary support rod.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, each of the auxiliary support rods is detachably mounted with a fork at its end near the main support rod. The fork has a slot in the middle and a long, narrow adjustment groove running vertically through it. The adjustment groove extends horizontally, and each slot is horizontally inserted into the main support rod. Two fastening bolts are interlocked between the adjustment grooves on the upper and lower parts of the fork. A fastening nut is threaded onto the bottom of each fastening bolt. The head of the fastening bolt and the fastening nut together clamp the upper and lower ends of the fork. The shank of the fastening bolt is located on the main support rod. The support rods are positioned on both sides of the axis and together define the position of the main support rod. A protective net covers the top of the main and auxiliary support mechanisms. The front and rear parts of the protective net can be inserted into the front and rear parts of the main support rod, and the left and right parts have through holes. The through holes correspond axially to the limiting holes of the first and third support beams. The fourth support beam has a horizontal through-hole for the main support rod to pass through. The second and fifth auxiliary support beams are inserted into the upper part of the screw rod respectively, and can still be inserted into the upper part of the screw rod after being vertically rotated half a turn.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, vertical support columns are detachably installed at the bottom of the middle part of the first support beam and at the bottom of the two main sliding seats. A lifting mechanism is also provided at the bottom of each support column. The lifting mechanism includes a base, a guide cylinder, a guide rod, and a manual hydraulic jack. The top of the base is fixed to the vertical guide cylinder, which is slidably connected to the guide rod. The top of the guide rod is fixed to the bottom of the first support frame, the second support frame, the third support frame, or the bottom of the support column. A vertical manual hydraulic jack is fixed to the top of the base. The top of the piston rod of the manual hydraulic jack is fixed to the bottom of the first support frame, the second support frame, the third support frame, or the bottom of the support column. By controlling the manual hydraulic jack, the base can move up and down. The universal wheel assembly includes a wheel frame, a connecting rod, a connecting nut, and rollers. The upper part of the wheel frame is vertical, and the bottom is inclined downwards to the side. A vertical connecting rod is fixed to the top of the wheel frame, and the connecting rod is connected to the bottom of the first support frame, the second support frame, the third support frame, or the bottom of the support column. The connecting rod is inserted into the bottom of the first, second, and third support frames with a gap between them. The connecting rod can rotate relative to the bottom of the first, second, and third support frames. The upper part of the connecting rod is threaded with a connecting nut, which abuts against the top of the bottom of the first, second, and third support frames to prevent the connecting rod from detaching. The bottom of the wheel frame is rotatably connected to a roller, which is horizontally oriented. The bottom of the second and fifth support beams is arched. The main support rod and the auxiliary support rod are each composed of multiple sub-support rods. One axial end of each sub-support rod has an external thread, and the other axial end has an internal thread. Multiple sub-support rods are connected end-to-end through the external and internal threaded parts to form the main support rod and the auxiliary support rod. The main sliding seat and the auxiliary sliding seat are threaded with a tightening bolt, which can tighten the third, fourth, and sixth support beams.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, a method for safe operation in coal mines is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: First, remove the main rib beam, secondary rib beam, main support rod, and secondary support rod. Select different steps according to the type of roadway. When the roadway is straight and does not branch, execute step S2. When the roadway is a three-way intersection, execute step S3.

[0016] S2: Remove the auxiliary support mechanism and protective net. By swinging the No. 1 or No. 2 support frame left and right, the linkage mechanism formed by the No. 1 support frame, No. 2 support frame, No. 1 support beam, No. 2 support beam, and No. 3 support beam can be deformed together, thereby reducing the width of the whole in the left and right direction. By controlling the lifting mechanism to descend, the height of the whole in the vertical direction can be reduced. At this time, there is a large gap between the whole and the flat inner wall of the tunnel. Then, by using the universal wheel assembly to contact the ground, it can be easily entered into the tunnel. After moving to the location, by swinging the No. 1 or No. 2 support frame left and right, the linkage mechanism formed by the No. 2 support frame, No. 1 support beam, No. 2 support beam, and No. 3 support beam can be reset. Then, the main rib beam, main support rod, and protective net are reinstalled. Then, execute S5.

[0017] S3: Remove the No. 3 support frame, No. 4 support beam, No. 5 support beam, No. 5 auxiliary support beam, No. 6 support beam, auxiliary sliding seat, and protective net. By swinging the No. 1 or No. 2 support frame left and right, the linkage mechanism formed by the No. 1 and No. 2 support frames can be deformed together, thereby reducing the overall width in the left and right direction. By controlling the lowering mechanism, the overall height in the vertical direction can be reduced. At this time, there is a relatively large gap between the entire assembly and the straight inner wall of the main roadway. With a large gap, and by using the universal wheel assembly to contact the ground, it can easily enter the main roadway. After moving to the intersection of the three roadways, swing the No. 1 or No. 2 support frame left and right to reset the linkage mechanism formed by the No. 2 support frame, the No. 1 support beam, the No. 2 support beam and the No. 3 support beam. Then install the auxiliary sliding seat, the No. 3 support frame, the No. 4 support beam, the No. 5 support beam, the No. 5 auxiliary support beam and the No. 6 support beam in the branch roadway. Then reinstall the main rib beam, the main support rod, the auxiliary rib beam and the auxiliary support rod, and then execute S4.

[0018] S4: Connect the slot to the main support rod and use fastening bolts and nuts to limit the position of the main support rod to prevent it from disengaging from the slot, then execute S5;

[0019] S5: Lay padding material above the main frame and the secondary frame, control the lifting mechanism to rise, thereby adjusting the overall height until it is close to the inner wall of the roadway. Then, fasten it to the roadway by passing bolts or anchor rods through the limit holes. Rotate the tightening bolts to tighten the No. 3 support beam, No. 4 support beam and No. 6 support beam to complete the auxiliary support.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention uses a lifting mechanism for lifting, thereby changing the overall height. By swinging the No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 support frames left and right, the horizontal distance between the No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, and No. 6 support beams can be adjusted, thereby changing the overall width, which facilitates entry and exit from the roadway and reduces the trouble of disassembly. The detachable connection mode of the main auxiliary support mechanism and the auxiliary auxiliary support mechanism can adapt to straight roadways and three-way roadways with different angles. The No. 1, No. 2 support frame, No. 1 support beam, No. 2 support beam, No. 3 support beam, No. 3 support frame, No. 4 support beam, No. 5 support beam, and No. 6 support beams provide auxiliary support for the top of the roadway, thereby improving the safety during operation and achieving safe operation.

[0021] The three-section stepped structure of the screw not only meets the needs of hinged connection, but also facilitates disassembly and assembly, making it more convenient to use; while the main rib beam is inserted into the main insert rod and the second support beam, and the secondary rib beam is inserted into the secondary insert rod and the fifth support beam, making disassembly and assembly more convenient and improving work efficiency.

[0022] By using a manual hydraulic jack, with the base in contact with the ground and the extension and retraction of its piston rod, the overall height can be controlled promptly and conveniently. When the rollers are in contact with the ground, they can rotate using the connecting rods and the bottom of the first, second, and third support frames, satisfying the need for "omnidirectional rolling" of the rollers and making movement more convenient and faster. By setting up support columns, the first and third support beams at the intersection of the three forks can be well supported. Then, in conjunction with the arched second and fifth support beams, the load-bearing capacity can be improved, and safety can be enhanced. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a partial isometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of a portion of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the coordination of the No. 2 secondary support beam, the main rib beam, the No. 5 secondary support beam, and the secondary rib beam of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a front-view schematic diagram of the No. 3 support beam and the main sliding seat of the present invention in action.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the protective net and the main support rod of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 A top view of the present invention when the width is changed.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of point A in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of point B in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a partial axial cross-sectional view of the support rod of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Main auxiliary support mechanism; 2. Secondary auxiliary support mechanism; 3. Support frame 1; 4. Support frame 2; 5. Support beam 1; 6. Support beam 2; 7. Support beam 3; 8. Support frame 3; 9. Support beam 4; 10. Support beam 5; 11. Support beam 6; 12. Main sliding seat; 15. Support part; 16. Screw; 17. Insert; 19. Limiting hole; 21. Secondary support beam 2; 22. Main rib beam; 23. Main insertion rod; 24. Main insertion hole; 25. Main support rod; 27. Secondary support beam 5; 28. Secondary rib. 29. Beam, 30. Secondary sliding seat, 31. Secondary insert rod, 32. Secondary insert hole, 33. Secondary support rod, 34. Fork, 35. Slot, 36. Adjustment groove, 37. Fastening bolt, 38. Fastening nut, 49. Protective net, 40. Through hole, 41. Through opening, 42. Support column, 43. Base, 44. Guide cylinder, 45. Guide light rod, 46. Manual hydraulic jack, 47. Wheel frame, 48. Connecting rod, 49. Connecting nut, 50. Roller, 51. Sub-support rod, 52. External thread part, 53. Internal thread part, 54. Tightening bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] like Figures 1-9As shown, a coal mine safety operation device includes a main auxiliary support mechanism 1, a secondary auxiliary support mechanism 2, a caster wheel assembly, and a lifting mechanism. The main auxiliary support mechanism 1 includes a first support frame 3, a second support frame 4, a first support beam 5, a second support beam 6, and a third support beam 7. The secondary auxiliary support mechanism 2 includes a third support frame 8, a fourth support beam 9, a fifth support beam 10, a sixth support beam 11, and a main sliding seat 12. The first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, and the third support frame 8 are vertically arranged, and their tops are adapted to the shape of the top of the roadway inner wall. The first support frame 3 and the second support frame 4 are symmetrically arranged front and back, and are located to the left or right of the third support frame 8. The upper parts of the first support frame 3 and the second support frame 4 are detachably hinged from left to right to the first support beam 5, the second support beam 6, and the third support beam 7. The virtual hinge axes of the support beam 7, the first support beam 5, the second support beam 6, and the third support beam 7 are vertically arranged and parallel to each other. The first support beam 5 or the third support beam 7, which is opposite to the third support frame 8, is slidably connected to two detachable main sliding seats 12. The two main sliding seats 12 are detachably hinged to the sixth support beam 11 and the fourth support beam 9 from front to back. The middle of the third support beam 7 and the middle of the third support frame 8 are detachably hinged to the fifth support beam 10. The virtual hinge axes of the fourth support beam 9, the fifth support beam 10, and the sixth support beam 11 are vertically arranged and parallel to each other. The fourth support beam 9 and the sixth support beam 11 are horizontally slidably connected to the third support frame 8. The bottom of the first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, and the third support frame 8 are respectively provided with a caster wheel assembly and a lifting mechanism.

[0035] In use, the lifting mechanism is used to raise and lower the overall height. By swinging the No. 1 support frame 3, No. 2 support frame 4, and No. 3 support frame 8 left and right, the horizontal spacing between the No. 1 support beam 5, No. 2 support beam 6, No. 3 support beam 7, No. 4 support beam 9, No. 5 support beam 10, and No. 6 support beam 11 can be adjusted, thereby changing the overall width and facilitating entry and exit from the tunnel. This also reduces the hassle of disassembly. The detachable connection mode of the main auxiliary support mechanism 1 and the secondary auxiliary support mechanism 2 can adapt to straight tunnels and three-way tunnels with different angles. The No. 1 support frame 3, No. 2 support frame 4, No. 1 support beam 5, No. 2 support beam 6, No. 3 support beam 7, No. 3 support frame 8, No. 4 support beam 9, No. 5 support beam 10, and No. 6 support beam 11 provide auxiliary support for the top of the tunnel, thereby improving safety during operation and achieving safe operation.

[0036] The first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, the third support frame 8, the second support beam 6, and the main sliding seat 12 are each fixed with a support part 15. Each support part 15 is threadedly connected to a vertical screw 16. The screw 16 is interlocked with the first support beam 5, the second support beam 6, and the third support beam 7 to achieve a hinged connection compared to the first support frame 3 and the second support frame 4. The fourth support beam 9, the fifth support beam 10, and the sixth support beam 11 are interlocked with the screw 16 to achieve a hinged connection compared to the third support frame 8 and the main sliding seat 12.

[0037] The support beams 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 11 are each provided with a socket 17 at the point where they intersect with the screw 16. Each socket 17 is horizontally inserted into the support part 15. The screw 16 has a three-step-like section that tapers from bottom to top, and a clamping part is provided at the bottom. The outer wall of the second section of the screw 16 has an external thread. The screw 16 is threaded to the support part 15 through the external thread. The upper and lower parts of the screw 16 are intermittently inserted into the support beams 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 11 from bottom to top.

[0038] Furthermore, the three-section stepped structure of the screw 16 not only meets the needs of hinged connection, but also facilitates disassembly and assembly, making it more convenient to use.

[0039] The No. 1 support beam 5, No. 3 support beam 7, No. 4 support beam 9, and No. 6 support beam 11 are horizontally penetrating through the limiting holes 19. The axial direction of the limiting holes 19 is not horizontal to the sidewall of the roadway. The main auxiliary support mechanism 1 also includes a main frame, which includes a No. 2 secondary support beam 21 and main rib beams 22. The No. 2 secondary support beam 21 is installed on the upper part of the No. 2 support beam 6. Multiple detachable and parallel main rib beams 22 are installed on the No. 2 secondary support beam 21 from front to back. Each main rib beam 22 corresponds to the upper part of the No. 1 support frame 3 and the No. 2 support frame 4. The main rib beams 22, the upper parts of the No. 1 support frame 3 and the upper parts of the No. 2 support frame 4 are all arched. The left and right parts of the main rib beams 22 are detachably installed with the No. 1 support beam 5 and the No. 3 support beam 7.

[0040] Using the limiting hole 19, fasteners such as bolts or anchor rods can be passed through the limiting hole 19 to secure the No. 1 support beam 5, No. 3 support beam 7, No. 4 support beam 9, and No. 6 support beam 11. The arched structure of the main rib beam 22, the No. 1 support frame 3, and the No. 2 support frame 4 can better bear the load of the roadway top and transmit it to the roadway sidewall through the No. 1 support beam 5 and the No. 3 support beam 7, thereby improving safety.

[0041] Vertical main insertion rods 23 are fixed to the top of the first support beam 5 and the top of the third support beam 7, respectively. The main rib beam 22 is inserted into the second auxiliary support beam 21 from top to bottom and into the main insertion rods 23 from top to bottom. The first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, and the main rib beam 22 are respectively provided with main insertion holes 24 at the front and back. The main insertion holes 24 of the first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, and the main rib beam 22 are corresponding to each other at the front and back. The main support rod 25 is inserted into the corresponding main insertion holes 24 at the front and back.

[0042] Furthermore, by setting the main support rod 25, the overall structural density is further enhanced, providing better support for the load above and large falling rocks, and the support effect is more uniform, thereby improving safety. The main rib beam 22 is inserted into the main insert rod 23 and the second support beam 6, making it more convenient to assemble and disassemble and improving work efficiency.

[0043] The auxiliary support mechanism 2 includes a secondary frame, which includes a fifth secondary support beam 27, secondary rib beams 28, and a secondary sliding seat 29. The fifth secondary support beam 27 is installed on the upper part of the fifth support beam 10. Multiple detachable and parallel secondary rib beams 28 are installed on the fifth secondary support beam 27 along the extension direction. Each of the secondary rib beams 28 is horizontally corresponding to the third support frame 8. The tops of the secondary rib beams 28 and the third support frame 8 are respectively arched. The fourth support beam 9 and the sixth support beam 11 are horizontally slidably connected to the secondary sliding seat 29. The two bottoms of the secondary rib beams 28 are detachably installed to the secondary sliding seat 29.

[0044] Furthermore, the arched structure at the top of the secondary rib beam 28 and the third support frame 8 can better bear the load of the roadway top and transmit it to the roadway sidewall through the fourth support beam 9 and the sixth support beam 11, thereby improving safety.

[0045] Each of the sub-sliding seats 29 is fixed with a vertical sub-insertion rod 30. The sub-rib beam 28 is inserted into the fifth sub-support beam 27 from top to bottom, and is also inserted into the sub-insertion rod 30 from top to bottom. The upper part of the third support frame 8 and each sub-rib beam 28 are respectively provided with multiple sub-insertion holes 31. Each sub-insertion hole 31 of the third support frame 8 is axially corresponding to the sub-insertion hole 31 of each sub-rib beam 28. The axially corresponding sub-insertion holes 31 are all connected to the sub-support rod 32.

[0046] Furthermore, by setting up secondary support rods 32, the overall structural density is further enhanced, providing better support for the load above and large falling rocks, and the support effect is more uniform, thereby improving safety. The secondary rib beams 28 are inserted into the secondary insert rods 30 and the No. 5 support beam 10, making disassembly and assembly more convenient and improving work efficiency.

[0047] Each of the auxiliary support rods 32 has a fork 33 detachably mounted at its end near the main support rod 25. The fork 33 has a slot 34 in the middle and a long, narrow adjustment groove 35 extending horizontally through it. Each slot 34 is horizontally inserted into the main support rod 25. Two fastening bolts 36 are interlocked between the adjustment grooves 35 on both the upper and lower parts of the fork 33. A fastening nut 37 is threaded onto the bottom of each fastening bolt 36. The head of the fastening bolt 36 and the fastening nut 37 together clamp the upper and lower ends of the fork 33. The shank of the fastening bolt 36 is located on the main support rod 25. The main auxiliary support mechanism 1 is covered with a protective net 38 on both sides of the axis 5, which together limit the position of the main support rod 25. The front and rear parts of the protective net 38 can be inserted into the front and rear parts of the main support rod 25, and the left and right parts have through holes 39. The through holes 39 are axially corresponding to the limiting holes 19 of the first support beam 5 and the third support beam 7. The fourth support beam 9 has a horizontal through opening 40 for the main support rod 25 to pass through. The second auxiliary support beam 21 and the fifth auxiliary support beam 27 are respectively inserted into the upper part of the screw 16, and can still be inserted into the upper part of the screw 16 after being vertically rotated half a turn.

[0048] Furthermore, the main support rod 23 and the auxiliary support rod 30 at the intersection are connected by the fork 33, fastening bolts 36, and fastening nuts 37, thereby improving the support effect on the roadway above and making the force more even and distributed. The protective netting can intercept small stones from above, thus improving safety. The flip-up auxiliary support beams 21 and 27 allow for better support of the roadway above when the main rib beam 22 and auxiliary rib beam 28 are not in use, reducing gaps. For auxiliary rib beams 28 at some three-way intersections that may cause collision interference, a cutting machine can be used for appropriate cutting to meet on-site installation needs.

[0049] Vertical support columns 41 are detachably installed at the bottom of the middle section of the first support beam 5 and at the bottom of the two main sliding seats 12. A lifting mechanism is also provided at the bottom of each support column 41. The lifting mechanism includes a base 42, a guide cylinder 43, a guide rod 44, and a manual hydraulic jack 45. The top of the base 42 is fixed to the vertical guide cylinder 43. The guide cylinder 43 is slidably connected to the guide rod 44. The top of the guide rod 44 is fixed to the bottom of the first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, the third support frame 8, or the bottom of the support column 41. A vertical support column 41 is fixed to the top of the base 42. A straight manual hydraulic jack 45 is provided. The top end of the piston rod of the manual hydraulic jack 45 is fixed to the bottom end of the first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, the third support frame 8, or the bottom end of the support column 41. By controlling the manual hydraulic jack 45, the base 42 can be moved up and down. The universal wheel assembly includes a wheel frame 46, a connecting rod 47, a connecting nut 48, and rollers 49. The upper part of the wheel frame 46 is vertical, and the bottom is inclined to the side and downward. A vertical connecting rod 47 is fixed to the top of the wheel frame 46. The connecting rod 47 is connected to the bottom of the first support frame 3, the bottom of the second support frame 4, and the bottom of the third support frame 8. The bottom of the support frame 8 is inserted with a gap between the upper and lower parts. The connecting rod 47 can rotate relative to the bottom of the first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, and the third support frame 8. The upper part of the connecting rod 47 is threaded with a connecting nut 48, which abuts against the top bottom of the first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, and the third support frame 8 to prevent the connecting rod 47 from disengaging. The bottom of the wheel frame 46 is rotatably connected to a roller 49, which is horizontally oriented axially. The bottom of the second support beam 6 and the fifth support beam 10 are arched. The main support... The support rod 25 and the auxiliary support rod 32 are each composed of multiple sub-support rods 50. The axial end of one side of each sub-support rod 50 is provided with an external threaded portion 51, and the axial end of the other side is provided with an internal threaded portion 52. The multiple sub-support rods 50 are connected end to end by the external threaded portion 51 and the internal threaded portion 52 to form the main support rod 25 and the auxiliary support rod 32. The main sliding seat 12 and the auxiliary sliding seat 29 are respectively threadedly connected with a tightening bolt 53. The tightening bolt 53 can tighten the third support beam 7, the fourth support beam 9 and the sixth support beam 11.

[0050] Furthermore, by using a manual hydraulic jack 45 (which is existing technology and its specific structure is not shown in detail in the attached diagram, but is only used as a positional indication), and by having the base 42 in contact with the ground, the overall height can be controlled in a timely and convenient manner through the extension and retraction of its piston rod. When the roller 49 is in contact with the ground, it can rotate using the connecting rod 47 at the bottom of the first support frame 3, the bottom of the second support frame 4, and the bottom of the third support frame 8, satisfying the need for "omnidirectional rolling" of the roller 49, making movement more convenient and faster. By setting up the support column 41, the first support beam 5 and the third support beam 7 at the intersection of the three branches can be well supported. Then, in conjunction with the arched second support beam 6 and the fifth support beam 10, the load-bearing capacity can be improved, and safety can be enhanced.

[0051] A coal mine safety operation method, using the aforementioned coal mine safety operation device, includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: First, remove the main rib beam 22, secondary rib beam 28, main support rod 25, and secondary support rod 32. Select different steps according to the type of roadway. When the roadway is straight and does not branch, execute step S2. When the roadway is a three-way intersection, execute step S3.

[0053] S2: Remove the auxiliary support mechanism 2 and the protective net 38. By swinging the first support frame 3 or the second support frame 4 left and right, the linkage mechanism formed by the first support frame 3, the second support frame 4, the first support beam 5, the second support beam 6 and the third support beam 7 can be deformed together, thereby reducing the width of the whole in the left and right direction. By controlling the lifting mechanism to descend, the height of the whole in the vertical direction can be reduced. At this time, there is a large gap between the whole and the flat inner wall of the tunnel. Then, by using the universal wheel assembly to contact the ground, it can be easily entered into the tunnel. After moving to the location, by swinging the first support frame 3 or the second support frame 4 left and right, the linkage mechanism formed by the second support frame 4, the first support beam 5, the second support beam 6 and the third support beam 7 can be reset. Then, the main rib beam 22, the main support rod 25 and the protective net 38 are reinstalled, and then S5 is executed.

[0054] S3: Remove support frame 8 (No. 3), support beam 9 (No. 4), support beam 10 (No. 5), auxiliary support beam 27 (No. 5), support beam 11 (No. 6), auxiliary sliding seat 29, and protective net 38. By swinging support frame 3 (No. 1) or support frame 4 (No. 2) left and right, the linkage mechanism formed by support frame 3 (No. 1), support frame 4 (No. 2), support beam 5 (No. 1), support beam 6 (No. 2), and support beam 7 (No. 3) can deform together, thereby reducing the overall width in the left and right direction. By controlling the lowering mechanism, the overall height in the vertical direction can be reduced. At this time, there is a large gap between the entire structure and the straight inner wall of the main roadway. After clearing the gap, the omnidirectional wheel assembly makes contact with the ground, allowing easy access to the main roadway. Once at the intersection of the three roadways, swing the No. 1 support frame 3 or the No. 2 support frame 4 left and right to reset the linkage mechanism formed by the No. 2 support frame 4, the No. 1 support beam 5, the No. 2 support beam 6, and the No. 3 support beam 7. Then, install the secondary sliding seat 29, the No. 3 support frame 8, the No. 4 support beam 9, the No. 5 support beam 10, the No. 5 secondary support beam 27, and the No. 6 support beam 11 in the branch roadway. Then, reinstall the main rib beam 22, the main support rod 25, the secondary rib beam 28, and the secondary support rod 32, and then execute S4.

[0055] S4: Insert the slot 34 into the main support rod 25, and use the fastening bolt 36 and fastening nut 37 to limit the position of the main support rod 25 to prevent the main support rod 25 from disengaging from the slot 34, and then execute S5;

[0056] S5: Lay padding material above the main frame and the secondary frame, control the lifting mechanism to rise, thereby adjusting the overall height until it is close to the inner wall of the roadway. Then, fasten it to the roadway by passing bolts or anchor rods through the limiting hole 19. Rotate the tightening bolt 53 to tighten the No. 3 support beam 7, No. 4 support beam 9 and No. 6 support beam 11 to complete the auxiliary support.

[0057] The detachable installation is a known prior art, such as fastening with fasteners, threaded connection, plug-in connection, etc.

[0058] The above description represents a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the implementation methods without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, based on the teachings of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine safety operation device, comprising a main auxiliary support mechanism (1), a secondary auxiliary support mechanism (2), a universal wheel assembly and a lifting mechanism, the main auxiliary support mechanism (1) comprises a No. 1 support frame (3), a No. 2 support frame (4), a No. 1 support beam (5), a No. 2 support beam (6) and a No. 3 support beam (7), the secondary auxiliary support mechanism (2) comprises a No. 3 support frame (8), a No. 4 support beam (9), a No. 5 support beam (10), a No. 6 support beam (11) and a main sliding seat (12), characterized in that: The No. 1 support frame (3), No. 2 support frame (4), and No. 3 support frame (8) are respectively vertically arranged, and the top of each of them is adapted to the shape of the top of the inner wall of the tunnel. The No. 1 support frame (3) and No. 2 support frame (4) are symmetrically arranged front and back, and are located to the left or right of the No. 3 support frame (8). The upper part of the No. 1 support frame (3) and No. 2 support frame (4) are detachably hinged from left to right to the No. 1 support beam (5), No. 2 support beam (6), and No. 3 support beam (7). The virtual hinge axis of the No. 1 support beam (5), No. 2 support beam (6), and No. 3 support beam (7) is vertically arranged, and the three are parallel to each other. The No. 1 support beam (5) or No. 3 support beam (7) is arranged opposite to the No. 3 support frame (8). 7) Two detachable main sliding seats (12) are slidably connected in the front and back. The two main sliding seats (12) are detachably hinged with the No. 6 support beam (11) and the No. 4 support beam (9) from front to back. The No. 3 support beam (7) and the No. 3 support frame (8) are detachably hinged together with the No. 5 support beam (10). The virtual hinge axis of the No. 4 support beam (9), the No. 5 support beam (10) and the No. 6 support beam (11) are vertically set and parallel to each other. The No. 4 support beam (9) and the No. 6 support beam (11) are horizontally slidably connected to the No. 3 support frame (8). The bottom of the No. 1 support frame (3), the No. 2 support frame (4) and the No. 3 support frame (8) are respectively provided with a universal wheel assembly and a lifting mechanism.

2. The coal mine safety operation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support frame (3), the second support frame (4), the third support frame (8), the second support beam (6), and the main sliding seat (12) are each fixed with a support part (15). Each support part (15) is threadedly connected to a vertical screw (16). The screw (16) is interlocked with the first support beam (5), the second support beam (6), and the third support beam (7) to achieve a hinge connection compared to the first support frame (3) and the second support frame (4). The fourth support beam (9), the fifth support beam (10), and the sixth support beam (11) are interlocked with the screw (16) to achieve a hinge connection compared to the third support frame (8) and the main sliding seat (12).

3. A coal mine safety operation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first support beam (5), the second support beam (6), the third support beam (7), the fourth support beam (9), the fifth support beam (10), and the sixth support beam (11) are respectively provided with a socket (17) at the insertion point of the screw (16). Each socket (17) is horizontally inserted into the support part (15). The rod of the screw (16) is tapered in three steps from bottom to top, and a clamping part is provided at the bottom end. The second section of the rod of the screw (16) is provided with an external thread. The screw (16) is threaded to the support part (15) through the external thread. The upper and lower parts of the rod of the screw (16) are intermittently inserted into the first support beam (5), the second support beam (6), the third support beam (7), the fourth support beam (9), the fifth support beam (10), and the sixth support beam (11) from bottom to top.

4. A coal mine safety operation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The No. 1 support beam (5), No. 3 support beam (7), No. 4 support beam (9) and No. 6 support beam (11) are respectively horizontally penetrating through the limit hole (19). The axial direction of the limit hole (19) is not horizontal with the side wall of the roadway. The main auxiliary support mechanism (1) also includes a main frame. The main frame includes a No. 2 auxiliary support beam (21) and a main rib beam (22). The No. 2 auxiliary support beam (21) is installed on the upper part of the No. 2 support beam (6). The No. 2 auxiliary support beam (21) is installed with multiple detachable and parallel main rib beams (22) from front to back. Each main rib beam (22) corresponds to the upper part of the No. 1 support frame (3) and the No. 2 support frame (4). The main rib beam (22), the upper part of the No. 1 support frame (3) and the upper part of the No. 2 support frame (4) are all arched. The left and right parts of the main rib beam (22) are detachably installed with the No. 1 support beam (5) and the No. 3 support beam (7).

5. A coal mine safety operation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the No. 1 support beam (5) and the top of the No. 3 support beam (7) are respectively fixed with vertical main insert rods (23). The main rib beam (22) is inserted into the No. 2 auxiliary support beam (21) from top to bottom, and is also inserted into the main insert rod (23) from top to bottom. The No. 1 support frame (3), the No. 2 support frame (4), and the main rib beam (22) are respectively connected by main insert holes (24) in the front and back. The main insert holes (24) where the No. 1 support frame (3), the No. 2 support frame (4), and the main rib beam (22) are located are corresponding to each other in the front and back. The main insert holes (24) that are corresponding to each other in the front and back are connected to the main support rod (25).

6. A coal mine safety operation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary support mechanism (2) includes a sub-frame, which includes a fifth auxiliary support beam (27), a secondary rib beam (28), and a secondary sliding seat (29). The fifth auxiliary support beam (27) is installed on the upper part of the fifth support beam (10). The fifth auxiliary support beam (27) has multiple detachable and parallel secondary rib beams (28) installed along the extension direction. Each of the secondary rib beams (28) is horizontally corresponding to the third support frame (8). The tops of the secondary rib beams (28) and the third support frame (8) are respectively arched. The fourth support beam (9) and the sixth support beam (11) are horizontally slidably connected to the secondary sliding seat (29). The two bottoms of the secondary rib beams (28) are detachably installed to the secondary sliding seat (29).

7. A coal mine safety operation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the sub-sliding seats (29) is fixed with a vertical sub-insertion rod (30). The sub-rib beam (28) is inserted into the fifth sub-support beam (27) from top to bottom and into the sub-insertion rod (30) from top to bottom. The upper part of the third support frame (8) and each sub-rib beam (28) are respectively provided with multiple sub-insertion holes (31). The sub-insertion holes (31) of the third support frame (8) are axially corresponding to the sub-insertion holes (31) of each sub-rib beam (28). The axially corresponding sub-insertion holes (31) are all connected to the sub-support rod (32).

8. A coal mine safety operation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the auxiliary support rods (32) has a fork (33) detachably mounted on its end near the main support rod (25). The fork (33) has a slot (34) in the middle and a long, narrow adjustment groove (35) running vertically through it. The adjustment groove (35) extends horizontally. Each slot (34) is horizontally inserted into the main support rod (25). Two fastening bolts (36) are interlocked between the adjustment grooves (35) on the upper and lower parts of the fork (33). A fastening nut (37) is threaded onto the bottom of each fastening bolt (36). The head of the fastening bolt (36) and the fastening nut (37) together clamp the upper and lower ends of the fork (33). The rod of the fastening bolt (36) is located on the main support rod (25). 25) On both sides of the axis, and together they limit the position of the main support rod (25). The main auxiliary support mechanism (1) is covered with a protective net (38). The front and rear parts of the protective net (38) can be inserted into the front and rear parts of the main support rod (25), and the left and right parts are through holes (39). The through holes (39) are axially corresponding to the limiting holes (19) of the first support beam (5) and the third support beam (7). The fourth support beam (9) is horizontally penetrated by a through opening (40) for the main support rod (25) to pass through. The second auxiliary support beam (21) and the fifth auxiliary support beam (27) are respectively inserted into the upper part of the screw (16), and can still be inserted into the upper part of the screw (16) after being vertically rotated half a turn.

9. A coal mine safety operation device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Vertical support columns (41) are detachably installed at the bottom of the middle part of the first support beam (5) and the bottom of the two main sliding seats (12). A lifting mechanism is also provided at the bottom of the support column (41). The lifting mechanism includes a base (42), a guide cylinder (43), a guide rod (44), and a manual hydraulic jack (45). The top of the base (42) is fixed with a vertical guide cylinder (43). The guide cylinder (43) is slidably connected to the guide rod (44). The top of the guide rod (44) is fixed to the bottom of the first support frame (3), the bottom of the second support frame (4), the bottom of the third support frame (8), or the bottom of the support column (41). The top of the base (42) is fixed with A vertical manual hydraulic jack (45) has its piston rod fixed to the bottom of the first support frame (3), the second support frame (4), the third support frame (8), or the support column (41). By controlling the manual hydraulic jack (45), the base (42) can be moved up and down. The universal wheel assembly includes a wheel frame (46), a connecting rod (47), a connecting nut (48), and a roller (49). The upper part of the wheel frame (46) is vertical, and the bottom is tilted to the side and downward. A vertical connecting rod (47) is fixed to the top of the wheel frame (46). The connecting rod (47) is connected to the bottom of the first support frame (3), the bottom of the second support frame (4), and the bottom of the third support frame (8). The bottom of the support frame (8) is inserted with a gap between the top and bottom. The connecting rod (47) can rotate relative to the bottom of the first support frame (3), the bottom of the second support frame (4), and the bottom of the third support frame (8). The upper part of the connecting rod (47) is threaded with a connecting nut (48). The connecting nut (48) abuts against the bottom top of the first support frame (3), the bottom top of the second support frame (4), and the bottom top of the third support frame (8) to prevent the connecting rod (47) from detaching. The bottom of the wheel frame (46) is rotatably connected with a roller (49). The axial direction of the roller (49) is horizontal. The bottom of the second support beam (6) and the bottom of the fifth support beam (10) are arched. The main support... The strut (25) and the auxiliary support rod (32) are respectively composed of multiple sub-support rods (50). The axial end of one side of the sub-support rod (50) is provided with an external thread (51), and the axial end of the other side is provided with an internal thread (52). The multiple sub-support rods (50) are connected end to end by the external thread (51) and the internal thread (52) to form the main support rod (25) and the auxiliary support rod (32). The main sliding seat (12) and the auxiliary sliding seat (29) are respectively threaded with a tightening bolt (53). The tightening bolt (53) can tighten the No. 3 support beam (7), the No. 4 support beam (9) and the No. 6 support beam (11).

10. A method for safe operation in a coal mine, using the coal mine safety operation device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: First, remove the main rib beam (22), secondary rib beam (28), main support rod (25), and secondary support rod (32). Select different steps according to the type of roadway. When the roadway is straight and does not branch, execute step S2. When the roadway is a three-way intersection, execute step S3. S2: Remove the auxiliary support mechanism (2) and the protective net (38). By swinging the No. 1 support frame (3) or the No. 2 support frame (4) left and right, the linkage mechanism formed by the No. 1 support frame (3), the No. 2 support frame (4), the No. 1 support beam (5), the No. 2 support beam (6) and the No. 3 support beam (7) can be deformed together, thereby reducing the width of the whole in the left and right direction. By controlling the lifting mechanism to descend, the height of the whole in the vertical direction can be reduced. At this time, there is a large gap between the whole and the straight inner wall of the roadway. Then, by using the universal wheel assembly to contact the ground, it can be conveniently entered into the roadway. After moving to the location, by swinging the No. 1 support frame (3) or the No. 2 support frame (4) left and right, the linkage mechanism formed by the No. 2 support frame (4), the No. 1 support beam (5), the No. 2 support beam (6) and the No. 3 support beam (7) can be reset. Then, the main rib beam (22), the main support rod (25) and the protective net (38) are reinstalled. Then, S5 is executed. S3: Remove the No. 3 support frame (8), No. 4 support beam (9), No. 5 support beam (10), No. 5 auxiliary support beam (27), No. 6 support beam (11), auxiliary sliding seat (29), and protective net (38). By swinging the No. 1 support frame (3) or the No. 2 support frame (4) left and right, the linkage mechanism formed by the No. 1 support frame (3), the No. 2 support frame (4), the No. 1 support beam (5), the No. 2 support beam (6), and the No. 3 support beam (7) can be deformed together, thereby reducing the width of the whole in the left and right direction. By controlling the lifting mechanism to descend, the height of the whole in the vertical direction can be reduced. At this time, there is a large gap between the whole and the straight inner wall of the main roadway. Then, by using the universal wheel assembly to contact the ground, it can easily enter the main roadway. After moving to the intersection of the three roadways, swing the No. 1 support frame (3) or the No. 2 support frame (4) left and right to reset the linkage mechanism formed by the No. 2 support frame (4), the No. 1 support beam (5), the No. 2 support beam (6) and the No. 3 support beam (7). Then install the auxiliary sliding seat (29), the No. 3 support frame (8), the No. 4 support beam (9), the No. 5 support beam (10), the No. 5 auxiliary support beam (27), and the No. 6 support beam (11) in the branch roadway. Then reinstall the main rib beam (22), the main support rod (25), the auxiliary rib beam (28), and the auxiliary support rod (32). Then execute S4. S4: Connect the slot (34) to the main support rod (25), and use the fastening bolt (36) and fastening nut (37) to limit the position of the main support rod (25) to prevent the main support rod (25) from disengaging from the slot (34), and then execute S5; S5: Lay padding material above the main frame and the secondary frame, control the lifting mechanism to rise, thereby adjusting the overall height until it is close to the inner wall of the roadway. Then, fasten it to the roadway by passing bolts or anchor rods through the limiting hole (19). Rotate the tightening bolt (53) to tighten the No. 3 support beam (7), No. 4 support beam (9) and No. 6 support beam (11) to complete the auxiliary support.

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