A marine combined cooling, heating and power system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of marine technology and discloses a marine combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system, comprising a first power generation unit, a second power generation unit, and a third power generation unit. The first power generation unit includes a first generator set, a first heat exchanger, and a first pump body, with the first pump body driving a first heat exchange medium to circulate between the first generator set and the first heat exchanger. The second power generation unit includes a second generator set, a second heat exchanger, and a second pump body, with the second pump body driving a second heat exchange medium to circulate between the second generator set and the second heat exchanger. The third power generation unit includes a fuel cell and an exhaust gas outlet, with the exhaust gas outlet connected to an exhaust gas recovery device, and the exhaust gas outlet and the exhaust gas recovery device sequentially connected to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. This invention enables the recovery and reuse of heat from exhaust gases with high latent heat through the second and first heat exchangers, and also reduces the temperature of the exhaust gases with high latent heat, making them easier for the exhaust gas recovery device to absorb and process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine technology, and in particular to a marine combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of marine engineering, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are an ideal choice for marine propulsion systems due to their higher energy density and lower fuel consumption. LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) stands out for its potential in reducing carbon emissions and providing superior combustion efficiency compared to conventional fuels such as gasoline and diesel. A major advantage of LPG is its easy compatibility with existing marine engines and fuel systems. Furthermore, LNG (liquefied natural gas) offers significant advantages in emissions reduction, technological maturity, and cost. Compared to conventional marine fuels, fossil LNG can reduce emissions by approximately 25% over its entire life cycle, while biomass LNG can reduce emissions by approximately 66%. Therefore, the combined application of SOFCs with LPG or LNG in the marine engineering sector, particularly in LNG carriers, holds great promise.

[0003] However, in actual use, solid oxide fuel cells generate a large amount of exhaust gas with high latent heat. This exhaust gas carries a large amount of heat and greenhouse gases, and direct emission not only wastes energy but also causes serious environmental pollution. At the same time, the marine application of solid oxide fuel cells also needs to consider the different operating conditions of ships during navigation, berthing, port entry and exit, and emergency situations. The power system must meet the requirements of frequent and large load fluctuations, and its exhaust gas parameters fluctuate greatly under different operating conditions. Conventional exhaust gas treatment methods cannot meet its treatment requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a marine combined cooling, heating and power system to solve the technical problem of how to treat the high latent heat exhaust gas of ships in the prior art to meet emission requirements and realize latent heat recovery.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a marine combined cooling, heating and power system, comprising: a first power generation unit, a second power generation unit and a third power generation unit. The first power generation unit includes a first generator set, a first heat exchanger and a first pump body. The first pump body is used to drive a first heat exchange medium to circulate between the first generator set and the first heat exchanger. The second power generation unit includes a second generator set, a second heat exchanger, and a second pump body. The second pump body is used to drive the second heat exchange medium to circulate in the second generator set and the second heat exchanger. The third power generation unit includes a fuel cell, which is connected to a fuel inlet, an oxygen inlet, and an exhaust outlet. The exhaust outlet is used to discharge high latent heat exhaust gas after fuel combustion, and the fuel inlet and the oxygen inlet are used to introduce fuel and oxygen required for power generation into the fuel cell. The exhaust outlet is connected to an exhaust gas recovery device, and the exhaust outlet and the exhaust gas recovery device are sequentially connected to the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger.

[0006] In some embodiments, the third power generation unit includes a burner and a third generator set; one end of the burner is connected to the fuel cell, and the other end of the burner is connected to the third generator set, the third generator set being provided with the exhaust gas outlet.

[0007] In some embodiments, the fuel inlet is sequentially connected to a third heat exchanger and a third pump body, and the oxygen inlet is sequentially connected to a fourth heat exchanger and a compressor. The third and fourth heat exchangers are sequentially disposed between the exhaust outlet and the second heat exchanger. The third and fourth heat exchangers are used to preheat the fuel and oxygen, respectively. The third pump body is used to pump fuel into the fuel cell through the third heat exchanger, and the compressor is used to introduce oxygen into the fuel cell through the fourth heat exchanger.

[0008] In some embodiments, a mixer is provided between the third heat exchanger and the fuel cell, and the mixer is also connected in sequence to a fifth heat exchanger and a fourth pump body. The fourth pump body is used to pump reforming reaction water into the mixer to mix the fuel to form fuel gas. The fifth heat exchanger is disposed between the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger, and the fifth heat exchanger is used to preheat the reforming reaction water.

[0009] In some embodiments, the second generator set includes a steam Rankine cycle generator set, and the second heat exchange medium includes steam.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second power generation unit further includes a sixth heat exchanger disposed between the second pump body and the second generator set. The sixth heat exchanger is also connected to a first external circulating water path, which is used to supply heat to the outside.

[0011] In some embodiments, a seventh heat exchanger is provided between the waste gas recovery device and the first heat exchanger, and the seventh heat exchanger is connected to a second external circulating water path, which is used to supply heat to the outside.

[0012] In some embodiments, an eighth heat exchanger is provided between the third heat exchanger and the third pump body, and the eighth heat exchanger is connected to a third external circulating water circuit, which is used to supply cooling to the outside.

[0013] In some embodiments, a ninth heat exchanger is provided between the first generator set and the first pump body, and the ninth heat exchanger is also provided between the third pump body and the eighth heat exchanger. The ninth heat exchanger is used to absorb the cold energy of the fuel to reduce the temperature of the first heat exchange medium.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first generator set includes an organic Rankine cycle generator set, and the first heat exchange medium includes a low-boiling-point organic liquid.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the marine combined cooling, heating and power system provided in this embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: In this embodiment, the fuel cell inside the third power generation unit receives fuel and oxygen from the fuel inlet and oxygen inlet, then burns the fuel to generate electricity and produces a large amount of high latent heat exhaust gas. This exhaust gas is discharged sequentially through the exhaust outlet to the second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger, and the exhaust gas recovery device. The second and first heat exchangers are connected to the second and first generator sets respectively through pipes, thereby transferring the heat in the high latent heat exhaust gas to the second and first heat exchange media respectively, achieving stepped heat dissipation of the high latent heat exhaust gas. The heat in the high latent heat exhaust gas is fully utilized, and the temperature of the high latent heat exhaust gas can be reduced to a lower level. The lower exhaust gas temperature also makes the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas more soluble in the carbon dioxide adsorption components in the exhaust gas recovery device, thereby improving the carbon dioxide recovery efficiency. At the same time, the different combinations of the first and second power generation units allow for more convenient adjustment of the overall power supply and exhaust gas discharge temperature of the equipment, thus adapting to the power consumption and exhaust gas emission requirements of the ship under different operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a simplified diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. First power generation unit; 11. First generator set; 12. First heat exchanger; 13. First pump body; 14. Ninth heat exchanger; 2. Second power generation unit; 21. Second generator set; 22. Second heat exchanger; 23. Second pump body; 24. Sixth heat exchanger; 25. First external circulating water circuit; 3. Third power generation unit; 31. Fuel cell; 311. Fuel inlet; 312. Oxygen inlet; 313. Third heat exchanger; 314. Third pump body; 315. Fourth heat exchanger; 316. Compressor; 317. Mixer; 318. Fifth heat exchanger; 319. Fourth pump body; 32. Exhaust gas outlet; 33. Burner; 34. Third generator set; 35. Eighth heat exchanger; 36. Third external circulating water circuit; 4. Waste gas recovery device; 41. Seventh heat exchanger; 42. Second external circulating water circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification and the foregoing drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification or the foregoing drawings are used to distinguish different objects, and not to describe a particular order, primary or secondary relationship, or importance of components.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "suspended" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, positioned in a specific orientation such as "horizontal," "vertical," or "suspended," can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to that orientation, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still fulfill its function in the present invention.

[0021] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0024] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0025] To address the technical problems of substandard exhaust emissions and wasted thermal energy when using solid oxide fuel cells in existing ships, this invention provides a marine combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system. This system enables the tiered reuse of thermal energy in high latent heat exhaust gases, avoiding waste. Simultaneously, by significantly reducing the temperature of the high latent heat exhaust gases upon reaching the exhaust gas recovery device, it improves the carbon dioxide absorption efficiency in the exhaust gases and ensures the stable and reliable operation of the exhaust gas recovery device.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a marine combined cooling, heating and power system, which includes a first power generation unit 1, a second power generation unit 2 and a third power generation unit 3. The first power generation unit 1 includes a first generator set 11, a first heat exchanger 12 and a first pump body 13. The first pump body 13 is used to drive a first heat exchange medium to circulate in the first generator set 11 and the first heat exchanger 12. The second power generation unit 2 includes a second generator set 21, a second heat exchanger 22 and a second pump body 23. The second pump body 23 is used to drive the second heat exchange medium to circulate in the second generator set 21 and the second heat exchanger 22. The third power generation unit 3 includes a fuel cell 31. The fuel cell 31 is connected to a fuel inlet 311, an oxygen inlet 312, and an exhaust outlet 32. The exhaust outlet 32 ​​is used to discharge the high latent heat exhaust gas after fuel combustion. The fuel inlet 311 and the oxygen inlet 312 are used to introduce the fuel and oxygen required for power generation into the fuel cell 31. Among them, the exhaust outlet 32 ​​is connected to the exhaust gas recovery device 4, and the exhaust outlet 32 ​​and the exhaust gas recovery device 4 are sequentially connected to the second heat exchanger 22 and the first heat exchanger 12.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, the fuel cell 31 inside the third power generation unit 3 is a solid oxide fuel cell 31, and its fuel is LPG or LNG. Combined with oxygen from the air introduced into the fuel cell 31, power generation can be achieved. During this process, the fuel cell 31 generates a large amount of high latent heat waste gas. This high latent heat waste gas is discharged sequentially to the second heat exchanger 22 and the first heat exchanger 12 through the waste gas outlet 32, and finally discharged into the waste gas recovery device 4. During the discharge of high latent heat waste gas, the latent heat in the waste gas is absorbed by the second heat exchange medium and the first heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 22 and the first heat exchanger 12 in sequence. After absorbing the heat, the second heat exchange medium and the first heat exchange medium can drive the second generator set 21 and the first generator set 11 to operate and generate electricity, thereby making full use of the latent heat in the waste gas and avoiding energy waste. Simultaneously, the cooperation between the second heat exchanger 22 and the first heat exchanger 12 can effectively reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas, resulting in a lower temperature when the exhaust gas reaches the exhaust gas recovery device 4. This makes it easier for harmful gases such as carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas to be absorbed by the carbon dioxide adsorption or absorption components in the exhaust gas recovery device 4, improving exhaust gas treatment efficiency and enabling the exhaust gas to meet emission standards. In summary, this embodiment achieves full recovery and reuse of thermal energy by using the second heat exchanger 22 of the second power generation unit 2 and the first heat exchanger 12 of the first power generation unit 1 in a step-by-step absorption of heat from the exhaust gas. It also effectively reduces the temperature of the exhaust gas, thereby improving the absorption and treatment efficiency and quality of the exhaust gas, ensuring that the exhaust gas meets emission standards.

[0028] It is understandable that the composition of harmful gases in exhaust gas varies depending on the fuel used. Therefore, the exhaust gas recovery device 4 can be equipped with different harmful gas absorption devices, such as desulfurization equipment, depending on the composition of the harmful gases in the exhaust gas. It is also necessary to control the temperature of the exhaust gas within different ranges to achieve optimal absorption efficiency. This invention mainly describes the absorption of carbon dioxide; the absorption and treatment of other harmful components will not be elaborated upon here.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be noted that under different operating conditions of the ship, the power system needs to meet the frequent and significant load fluctuations. During the ship's navigation phase, a higher power supply is required. Therefore, the first power generation unit 1, the second power generation unit 2, and the third power generation unit 3 all need to be put into operation. The first and second water pumps in the first and second power generation units 1 and 2 need to drive the first and second heat exchange media to circulate at a higher rate to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchanger 22 and the first heat exchanger 12, thereby making fuller use of the latent heat in the exhaust gas and reducing the exhaust gas temperature. During variable operating conditions such as entering and leaving port, the starting status of various equipment on the ship varies, power consumption is lower, and the exhaust gas parameters generated by the third power generation unit 3 fluctuate more significantly. In this case, the second power generation unit 2 can be shut down, and only the first power generation unit 1 can be used. By slightly increasing the efficiency of the first power generation unit 1, the recovery and reuse of the latent heat in the exhaust gas and the reduction of the exhaust gas temperature can still be achieved.

[0030] In one embodiment, the third power generation unit 3 includes a burner 33 and a third generator set 34; one end of the burner 33 is connected to the fuel cell 31, and the other end of the burner 33 is connected to the third generator set 34, and the third generator set 34 is provided with an exhaust outlet 32.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the third power generation unit 3 further includes a burner 33 and a third generator set 34. After generating electricity, the fuel cell 31 produces fuel-side exhaust gas and air-side exhaust gas. This exhaust gas is not directly discharged into the second heat exchanger 22 through the exhaust gas outlet 32, but instead enters the burner 33 through the first and second exhaust gas inlets to mix and burn, generating high-temperature exhaust gas. This high-temperature exhaust gas enters the third generator set 34 through the exhaust gas outlet, driving the third generator set 34 to generate electricity, and then is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 32 ​​back to the second heat exchanger 22. The burner 33 further combusts the exhaust gas emitted by the fuel cell 31, thereby further removing harmful gases such as carbon monoxide from the exhaust gas, facilitating the absorption of carbon dioxide in the subsequent exhaust gas recovery device 4, and making the final emitted exhaust gas more compliant with emission requirements.

[0032] It should also be noted that, in one specific embodiment, the third generator set 34 includes a gas turbine generator set.

[0033] In one embodiment, the fuel inlet 311 is sequentially connected to a third heat exchanger 313 and a third pump body 314, and the oxygen inlet 312 is sequentially connected to a fourth heat exchanger 315 and a compressor 316. The third heat exchanger 313 and the fourth heat exchanger 315 are sequentially arranged between the exhaust outlet 32 ​​and the second heat exchanger 22. The third heat exchanger 313 and the fourth heat exchanger 315 are used to preheat the fuel and oxygen, respectively. The third pump body 314 is used to pump fuel into the fuel cell 31 through the third heat exchanger 313, and the compressor 316 is used to introduce oxygen into the fuel cell 31 through the fourth heat exchanger 315.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, the third power generation unit 3 further includes a third pump body 314 and a compressor 316. The compressor 316 can quickly input outside air to the cathode of the fuel cell 31, while the third pump body 314 can quickly pump outside fuel into the anode of the fuel cell 31, thus realizing fuel combustion and power generation. However, there is a large temperature difference between the room temperature air extracted by the compressor 316 and the LNG fuel extracted by the third pump body 314 and the fuel cell 31. This will affect the reaction efficiency and reaction quality of the fuel in the solid oxide fuel cell 31, easily producing exhaust gas containing more harmful gases, and also causing carbon buildup at the anode, seriously affecting the stability and reliability of the fuel cell 31. Therefore, in this embodiment, a fourth heat exchanger 315 is provided between the compressor 316 and the fuel cell 31, and a third heat exchanger 313 is provided between the third pump body 314 and the fuel cell 31. The fourth heat exchanger 315 and the third heat exchanger 313 are also provided between the exhaust outlet 32 ​​and the second heat exchanger 22. The high latent heat exhaust gas discharged from the third generator set 34 first passes through the fourth heat exchanger 315 and the third heat exchanger 313 in sequence, and then flows into the second heat exchanger 22. The high latent heat exhaust gas can preheat the air and fuel to quickly increase the temperature of the air and fuel, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the air and fuel and the fuel cell 31, so that the fuel can react more fully.

[0035] In one embodiment, a mixer 317 is provided between the third heat exchanger 313 and the fuel cell 31. The mixer 317 is also connected in sequence to a fifth heat exchanger 318 and a fourth pump body 319. The fourth pump body 319 is used to pump reforming reaction water into the mixer 317 to mix the fuel to form fuel gas. The fifth heat exchanger 318 is located between the second heat exchanger 22 and the first heat exchanger 12, and is used to preheat the reaction water for reforming.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the fourth pump 319 pumps the reforming reaction water into the fifth heat exchanger 318. After absorbing the heat from the high latent heat waste gas, the fifth heat exchanger 318 forms water vapor. This water vapor enters the mixer 317 and mixes with liquefied natural gas to reform and produce hydrogen. The resulting fuel gas is then fed into the fuel cell 31. Compared to directly feeding natural gas, this embodiment effectively avoids carbon buildup in the fuel cell 31, effectively improves the stability and reliability of the fuel cell 31, and also enhances the reaction efficiency and quality of natural gas, thereby improving the electrochemical performance of the fuel cell 31.

[0037] It is understood that the reforming of natural gas to produce hydrogen is a strongly endothermic process. In this embodiment, the fifth heat exchanger 318 preheats the reaction water used for reforming, providing heat for the subsequent natural gas reforming to produce hydrogen in the mixer 317, further realizing the efficiency of heat reuse in the high latent heat waste gas. In this embodiment, the fifth heat exchanger 318 is located between the second heat exchanger 22 and the first heat exchanger 12. In other embodiments, the fifth heat exchanger 318 may also be located between the second heat exchanger 22 and the third heat exchanger 313 or the fourth heat exchanger 315 to better preheat the reaction water used for reforming.

[0038] In one embodiment, the second generator set 21 includes a steam Rankine cycle generator set, and the second heat exchange medium includes steam.

[0039] Furthermore, the second power generation unit 2 also includes a sixth heat exchanger 24, which is located between the second pump body 23 and the second generator set 21. The sixth heat exchanger 24 is also connected to a first external circulating water passage 25, which is used to supply heat to the outside.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, the steam Rankine cycle generator set is part of the second generator set 21. It generates electricity by being driven by the second heat exchange medium, steam. The second pump body 23 drives the steam to circulate between the second heat exchanger 22 and the steam Rankine cycle generator set through pipelines. The steam absorbs the heat of the high latent heat exhaust gas in the second heat exchanger 22 to form high-pressure, high-temperature steam, thereby driving the internal components of the steam Rankine cycle generator set to work and generate electricity. The cooled steam is then pumped back to the second heat exchanger 22 by the second pump body 23 through pipelines for further heating, and so on.

[0041] In one specific embodiment, a sixth heat exchanger 24 is also provided between the second pump body 23 and the steam Rankine cycle generator set. The sixth heat exchanger 24 is connected to a first external circulating water passage 25 through a pipeline. The first external circulating water passage 25 also contains a heat exchange medium, which can further utilize the heat in the steam output by the steam Rankine cycle generator set to provide heating to other external sources such as the ship's galley or crew quarters. This reduces the temperature of the second heat exchange medium, allowing it to better absorb the heat in the high latent heat exhaust gas in the second heat exchanger 22, further improving the recovery and reuse rate of heat energy in the high latent heat exhaust gas.

[0042] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the sixth heat exchanger 24 is located between the second pump body 23 and the steam Rankine cycle generator set in order to make full use of the heat in the second heat exchange medium for power generation. In some other alternative embodiments, the sixth heat exchanger 24 may also be located between the second heat exchanger 22 and the steam Rankine cycle generator set.

[0043] In one embodiment, a seventh heat exchanger 41 is provided between the waste gas recovery device 4 and the first heat exchanger 12. The seventh heat exchanger 41 is connected to a second external circulating water passage 42, which is used to supply heat to the outside.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, as the high latent heat exhaust gas flows through the first heat exchanger 12 to the exhaust gas recovery device 4, it first flows through the seventh heat exchanger 41. The heat exchange medium also flows in the second external circulating water channel 42 connected to the seventh heat exchanger 41. This heat exchange medium can absorb heat from the high latent heat exhaust gas through the seventh heat exchanger 41, thereby providing heating for external equipment, such as air conditioners in the ship's galley or crew quarters, or ship's bathrooms. While further improving the heat energy recovery and reuse rate in the high latent heat exhaust gas, it can also further reduce the temperature of the high latent heat exhaust gas reaching the exhaust gas recovery device 4, thereby further improving the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas.

[0045] It is understood that in some other embodiments, the first external circulating water path 25 and the second external circulating water path 42 can be combined into one to facilitate centralized heating and make full use of thermal energy.

[0046] It should also be noted that in this embodiment, the seventh heat exchanger 41 is located between the waste gas recovery device 4 and the first heat exchanger 12. In other embodiments, depending on the usage requirements, the seventh heat exchanger 41 may also be located between the second heat exchanger 22 and the waste gas recovery device 4. The specific switching process can be controlled and adjusted by valves and pipelines.

[0047] In one embodiment, an eighth heat exchanger 35 is provided between the third heat exchanger 313 and the third pump body 314. The eighth heat exchanger 35 is connected to a third external circulating water passage 36, which is used to supply cooling to the outside.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, both LNG and LPG are stored in a liquid state at a low temperature. During the process of transporting the cryogenic fuel to the fuel cell 31 via the third pump 314, to avoid excessive temperature difference between the fuel and the fuel cell 31, the fuel needs to be heated by the third heat exchanger 313. In the conventional approach, the cold energy of the liquid fuel is wasted in this process and not fully utilized. However, in this embodiment, an eighth heat exchanger 35 is additionally installed between the third heat exchanger 313 and the third pump 314. A heat exchange medium flows in the third external circulating water channel 36 connected to the eighth heat exchanger 35. The heat from this heat exchange medium is absorbed by the liquid fuel in the eighth heat exchanger 35. This increases the temperature of the liquid fuel for subsequent use in the fuel cell 31. Furthermore, this heat exchange medium can provide cooling for other equipment on board, such as the galley cold storage, crew quarters air conditioning, and engine room air conditioning, thus avoiding energy waste and fully utilizing the cold energy of the fuel.

[0049] In one embodiment, a ninth heat exchanger 14 is provided between the first generator set 11 and the first pump body 13. The ninth heat exchanger 14 is also provided between the third pump body 314 and the eighth heat exchanger 35. The ninth heat exchanger 14 is used to absorb the cold energy of the fuel to reduce the temperature of the first heat exchange medium.

[0050] Furthermore, the first generator set 11 includes an organic Rankine cycle generator set, and the first heat exchange medium includes a low-boiling-point organic liquid.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first generator set 11 includes an organic Rankine cycle generator set, and the first heat exchange medium is an organic compound. A ninth heat exchanger 14 is disposed between the first generator set 11 and the first pump body 13. The first heat exchange medium flows through the ninth heat exchanger 14. The ninth heat exchanger 14 is also disposed between the third pump body 314 and the eighth heat exchanger 35, meaning that low-temperature liquid fuel also flows through the ninth heat exchanger 14. During this process, the fuel exchanges heat with the high-temperature, high-pressure organic compound in the ninth heat exchanger 14, raising the fuel temperature to facilitate the subsequent use of the fuel cell 31. Meanwhile, the temperature of the first heat exchange medium decreases, forming a low-temperature, atmospheric-pressure liquid organic compound. This low-temperature, atmospheric-pressure liquid organic compound then increases in temperature in the first pump body 13 and is transported to the first heat exchanger 12 for heating, thereby re-forming a high-temperature, high-pressure organic compound to drive the components in the organic Rankine cycle generator set to generate electricity. This cycle repeats continuously. In this process, the cold energy of the fuel and the heat energy in the high latent heat exhaust gas are fully utilized, thus enabling the organic Rankine cycle generator set to operate and generate electricity more stably and reliably.

[0052] In addition, it should be noted that the eighth heat exchanger 35 can also be set between the ninth heat exchanger 14 and the third pump body 314, so as to better cool the external equipment. The position of the eighth heat exchanger 35 can be adjusted by pipelines and matching valves.

[0053] To better understand this invention, the following is combined with... Figure 1 The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. The present invention provides a marine combined cooling, heating and power system, which provides electricity by installing a solid oxide fuel cell 31 on the ship and using LNG or LPG fuel. The exhaust gas generated is treated by a burner 33 and output as high-temperature exhaust gas to a gas turbine generator set for power generation. Subsequently, the gas turbine generator set outputs high latent heat exhaust gas to a second heat exchanger 22 and a first heat exchanger 12 for heat exchange. On the one hand, this reduces the temperature of the high latent heat exhaust gas, so as to improve the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide in the subsequent exhaust gas. On the other hand, it can also realize the recovery and reuse of heat energy in the high latent heat exhaust gas through the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium in conjunction with an organic Rankine cycle generator set and a steam Rankine cycle generator set. The second heat exchanger 22 and the first heat exchanger 12 are connected in series to realize the stepped heat dissipation of the high latent heat exhaust gas. In one specific embodiment, a steam Rankine cycle generator set is first used to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas to about 300°C, then an organic Rankine cycle generator set is used to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas to about 100°C, and finally an external cold source in the second external circulating water circuit 42 is used to further cool the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas recovery device 4, thereby making the carbon dioxide absorption efficiency higher.

[0054] Building upon the aforementioned scheme, the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchanger 22 is further improved through the first external circulating water channel 25 to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas and provide external heating. Simultaneously, the eighth heat exchanger 35, in conjunction with the third external circulating water channel 36, fully utilizes the cold energy of the fuel to provide external cooling. Furthermore, the ninth heat exchanger 14, in conjunction with the first heat exchanger 12, better drives the organic Rankine cycle generator set for power generation. For example, during periods of variable operating conditions such as ship arrivals and departures from port, the parameters of the exhaust gas fluctuate significantly. In such cases, the steam Rankine cycle generator set is shut down, and only the organic Rankine cycle generator set is used with a slight increase in efficiency. By enhancing the seventh heat exchanger 41, the temperature of the exhaust gas is kept as low as possible to improve the carbon dioxide recovery efficiency.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and substitutions without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine combined cooling, heating and power system, characterized by, include: The first power generation unit includes a first generator set, a first heat exchanger, and a first pump body. The first pump body is used to drive a first heat exchange medium to circulate between the first generator set and the first heat exchanger. The second power generation unit includes a second generator set, a second heat exchanger, and a second pump body. The second pump body is used to drive the second heat exchange medium to circulate in the second generator set and the second heat exchanger. The third power generation unit includes a fuel cell, which is connected to a fuel inlet, an oxygen inlet, and an exhaust outlet. The exhaust outlet is used to discharge high latent heat exhaust gas after fuel combustion, and the fuel inlet and the oxygen inlet are used to introduce fuel and oxygen required for power generation into the fuel cell. The exhaust outlet is connected to an exhaust gas recovery device, and the exhaust outlet and the exhaust gas recovery device are sequentially connected to the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger.

2. The marine CCHP system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third power generation unit includes a burner and a third generator set; one end of the burner is connected to the fuel cell, and the other end of the burner is connected to the third generator set, which is provided with the exhaust gas outlet.

3. The marine CCHP system according to claim 2, wherein, The fuel inlet is sequentially connected to a third heat exchanger and a third pump body, and the oxygen inlet is sequentially connected to a fourth heat exchanger and a compressor. The third and fourth heat exchangers are sequentially arranged between the exhaust outlet and the second heat exchanger. The third and fourth heat exchangers are used to preheat the fuel and oxygen, respectively. The third pump body is used to pump fuel into the fuel cell through the third heat exchanger, and the compressor is used to introduce oxygen into the fuel cell through the fourth heat exchanger.

4. The marine CCHP system according to claim 3, wherein, A mixer is provided between the third heat exchanger and the fuel cell. The mixer is also connected in sequence to a fifth heat exchanger and a fourth pump body. The fourth pump body is used to pump reforming reaction water into the mixer to mix the fuel and form fuel gas. The fifth heat exchanger is disposed between the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger, and the fifth heat exchanger is used to preheat the reforming reaction water.

5. The marine CCHP system of claim 1, wherein, The second generator set includes a steam Rankine cycle generator set, and the second heat exchange medium includes steam.

6. The marine CCHP system of claim 5, wherein, The second power generation unit also includes a sixth heat exchanger, which is disposed between the second pump body and the second generator set. The sixth heat exchanger is also connected to a first external circulating water circuit, which is used to supply heat to the outside.

7. The marine CCHP system of claim 1, wherein, A seventh heat exchanger is provided between the waste gas recovery device and the first heat exchanger. The seventh heat exchanger is connected to a second external circulating water circuit, which is used to supply heat to the outside.

8. The marine CCHP system of claim 3, wherein, An eighth heat exchanger is provided between the third heat exchanger and the third pump body. The eighth heat exchanger is connected to a third external circulating water circuit, which is used to supply cooling to the outside.

9. The marine CCHP system of claim 8, wherein, A ninth heat exchanger is provided between the first generator set and the first pump body. The ninth heat exchanger is also provided between the third pump body and the eighth heat exchanger. The ninth heat exchanger is used to absorb the cold energy of the fuel to reduce the temperature of the first heat exchange medium.

10. The marine CCHP system of claim 9, wherein, The first generator set includes an organic Rankine cycle generator set, and the first heat exchange medium includes a low-boiling-point organic liquid.

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