Solenoid valve, internal combustion engine, and vehicle

Abstract

This application relates to a solenoid valve, an internal combustion engine, and a vehicle. The solenoid valve includes a housing, a coil assembly, a rear cover, a mounting bracket, a front yoke, and a plunger. The yoke body has an interference fit with the first mounting hole, the mounting bracket has a clearance fit with the housing, the flange has a clearance fit with the first boss, the coil assembly has a clearance fit with the housing, and the clearance fit between the yoke body and the coil assembly is a1 < a2 or a3, where a2 or a3 < a4 or a5. a2 > a1 facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the mounting bracket and the housing. a3 > a1 facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the coil assembly and the front yoke. The housing and the coil assembly are each installed using the same assembly datum, ensuring the accuracy of the radial positioning dimensions after the various parts are assembled, thereby guaranteeing sealing performance over a long service life and improving product performance. Furthermore, a2 and a3 are relatively small, providing radial positioning and improving the accuracy of radial positioning dimensions; a4 and a5 are relatively large, providing clearance and enabling quick assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solenoid valve technology, and in particular to a solenoid valve, an internal combustion engine, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Variable Valve Lift (VVL) is an advanced internal combustion engine technology that allows the valve opening degree to automatically adjust during engine operation to adapt to different operating conditions, thereby improving engine performance and efficiency. VVL technology optimizes the intake volume and efficiency of the internal combustion engine at different speeds and loads by changing the valve opening degree (i.e., lift). This technology helps improve low-speed torque, high-speed power, and fuel economy.

[0003] In VVL internal combustion engines, the drive assembly used to adjust valve lift typically employs a solenoid valve. When the solenoid valve operates, it uses magnetic force to drive the plunger axially, causing the high-speed intake rocker arm and the low-speed intake rocker arm to engage or disengage, thereby adjusting the intake valve lift.

[0004] However, the solenoid valves in related technologies include a front yoke, mounting bracket, rear cover, plunger, and coil, among other parts. With a large number of parts, sealing problems are likely to occur after a period of use following assembly, and the product performance may fail to meet requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solenoid valve, internal combustion engine, and vehicle that can ensure sealing performance over a long service life and improve product performance, thereby addressing at least one of the problems in the prior art.

[0006] On one hand, this application provides a solenoid valve, comprising:

[0007] case;

[0008] A coil assembly is disposed inside the housing and is clearance-fitted with the housing. The front end of the coil assembly is provided with a first boss extending in its circumferential direction.

[0009] A rear cover, which is mounted at the rear end of the housing;

[0010] The mounting bracket is installed at the front end of the housing and is clearance-fitted with the housing. The mounting bracket and the first boss are sealed and abutted together along the axial direction of the housing. The mounting bracket is provided with a first mounting hole.

[0011] A front yoke, comprising a yoke body and a flange surrounding the outer periphery of the yoke body, the yoke body passing through the first mounting hole and having an interference fit with the first mounting hole, the yoke body also passing through the coil assembly and having a clearance fit with the coil assembly, the flange being disposed between the mounting bracket and the coil assembly, the flange having sealing contact with the mounting bracket and the coil assembly on opposite sides along the axial direction, and the outer peripheral surface of the flange having a clearance fit with the first boss; and

[0012] A plunger, which is movably disposed within the coil assembly along the axial direction;

[0013] Wherein, the interference fit between the yoke body and the first mounting hole is a1, the clearance fit between the mounting bracket and the housing is a2, the clearance fit between the flange and the first boss is a3, the clearance fit between the coil assembly and the housing is a4, and the clearance fit between the yoke body and the coil assembly is a5, where a1 < a2 or a3, and a2 or a3 < a4 or a5.

[0014] In one embodiment, the rear cover and the housing are in clearance fit; the rear end of the coil assembly is provided with a bushing, the rear cover is provided with a first positioning hole, the bushing is disposed in the first positioning hole and is in clearance fit with the first positioning hole; the clearance fit amount between the rear cover and the housing is a6, the clearance fit amount between the bushing and the first positioning hole is a7, a6 < a4, a5 or a7, a7 < a4 or a5.

[0015] In one embodiment, the rear cover is further provided with a second positioning hole, which is correspondingly arranged with the plunger along the axis. When the plunger abuts against the rear cover, the plunger extends into the second positioning hole, and the plunger and the second positioning hole are in clearance fit. The clearance fit amount between the plunger and the second positioning hole is a8, where a7 < a8.

[0016] In one embodiment, the front end of the housing is provided with a first step and a first fixing part, the mounting bracket is sealed and abutted against the first step along the axial direction, and the mounting bracket is riveted and fixed to the first fixing part; the rear end of the housing is provided with a second step and a second fixing part, the rear cover is sealed and abutted against the second step along the axial direction, and the rear cover is riveted and fixed to the second fixing part.

[0017] In one embodiment, the coil assembly is sealed against the mounting bracket along the axial direction, and the coil assembly is also sealed against the rear cover along the axial direction.

[0018] In one embodiment, the solenoid valve further includes a first sealing ring disposed between the rear cover and the coil assembly.

[0019] In one embodiment, the front end of the coil assembly is provided with a third step, and the flange portion and the third step are sealed and abutted together along the axial direction.

[0020] In one embodiment, the solenoid valve further satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0021] (1) The solenoid valve further includes a second sealing ring, which is disposed between the flange and the third step;

[0022] (2) The outer periphery of the flange is circular;

[0023] (3) The mounting bracket is a sheet metal part.

[0024] On the other hand, this application provides an internal combustion engine including the aforementioned solenoid valve.

[0025] In another aspect, this application also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned internal combustion engine.

[0026] In the aforementioned solenoid valves, internal combustion engines, and vehicles, the solenoid valve is assembled using the front yoke as the assembly reference, allowing the mounting bracket to be installed onto the front yoke. Because the main body of the yoke has an interference fit with the first mounting hole, this ensures the stability of the assembly between the mounting bracket and the front yoke, eliminating gaps and establishing a common assembly reference. Subsequently, the housing can be installed using the mounting bracket as the assembly reference, i.e., the housing is installed using the front yoke as an indirect assembly reference. This allows the mounting bracket to be positioned at the front end of the housing, with a clearance fit (a2 > a1), facilitating assembly and disassembly between the mounting bracket and the housing. The coil assembly can be installed on the flange using the front yoke as the assembly reference (a3 > a1), facilitating assembly and disassembly between the coil assembly and the front yoke. Therefore, since both the housing and the coil assembly are installed using the same assembly reference, the accuracy of the radial positioning dimensions after assembly is ensured, thereby guaranteeing sealing performance over a long lifespan and improving product performance. In addition, since a2 and a3 are both smaller than a4 and a5, the smaller a2 and a3 can ensure that the housing and coil assembly are accurately assembled onto the component formed by the mounting bracket and the front yoke, and can play a radial positioning role, improving the accuracy of the radial positioning dimensions; while the larger a4 and a5 mainly play a clearance role, enabling the yoke body, coil assembly and housing to be quickly assembled together. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a solenoid valve according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a solenoid valve in its first working state according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a solenoid valve in its second operating state according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the front yoke in a solenoid valve according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 10. Housing; 11. First step; 12. First fixing part; 13. Second step; 14. Second fixing part; 20. Coil assembly; 21. First boss; 22. Bushing; 23. Third step; 30. Rear cover; 31. First positioning hole; 32. Second positioning hole; 40. Mounting bracket; 41. First mounting hole; 50. Front yoke; 51. Yoke body; 52. Flange; 60. Plunger; 61. Push rod; 70. First sealing ring; 80. Second sealing ring; S. Axial direction. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] It should be noted that in this embodiment, "front" and "rear" are defined by the positional relationship between the solenoid valve and the mounting part on the internal combustion engine. The mounting part of the solenoid valve that is closer to the internal combustion engine is designated as "front", and the mounting part that is farther away from the internal combustion engine is designated as "rear".

[0035] As described in the background section, solenoid valves in related technologies are prone to sealing problems after a period of use, resulting in product performance failing to meet requirements. The reason for this problem is that the radial positioning effect of the front yoke, housing, mounting bracket, and coil assembly is poor, which in turn easily leads to sealing problems.

[0036] For the reasons mentioned above, this application provides a solenoid valve, an internal combustion engine, and a vehicle, which provides a technical solution that ensures sealing performance over a long service life and improves product performance.

[0037] See Figures 1 to 3An embodiment of this application provides a solenoid valve, comprising: a housing 10, a coil assembly 20, a rear cover 30, a mounting bracket 40, a front yoke 50, and a plunger 60.

[0038] The coil assembly 20 is disposed inside the housing 10 and is clearance-fitted with the housing 10. The front end of the coil assembly 20 is provided with a first boss 21 extending in its circumferential direction.

[0039] The rear cover 30 is installed at the rear end of the housing 10 and serves as a positioning coil assembly 20 and plunger 60.

[0040] Mounting bracket 40 is installed at the front end of housing 10 and has a clearance fit with housing 10. Mounting bracket 40 is also used to fix the cylinder head cover of internal combustion engine with fasteners such as bolts, pins, rivets, and screws, thereby enabling the solenoid valve to be installed on the cylinder head cover of internal combustion engine. Mounting bracket 40 and first boss 21 are in sealing contact along the axial direction S of housing 10, thereby improving the sealing performance of the front end of housing 10.

[0041] Please see Figures 2 to 4 The front yoke 50 includes a yoke body 51 and a flange 52 surrounding the outer periphery of the yoke body 51. The mounting bracket 40 has a first mounting hole 41, through which the yoke body 51 passes with an interference fit, thus securely connecting the yoke body 51 to the mounting bracket 40. The yoke body 51 extends at least partially outside the housing, facilitating assembly into the cylinder head cover. The yoke body 51 also passes through the coil assembly 20 with a clearance fit. In other words, the front yoke 50 is at least partially housed within the housing and protected by it.

[0042] The flange 52 is fixedly disposed between the mounting bracket 40 and the coil assembly 20. The opposite sides of the flange 52 along the axial direction S respectively seal against the mounting bracket 40 and the coil assembly 20, thereby improving the sealing performance of the front end of the housing 10. Furthermore, the front yoke 50 provides axial positioning for the plunger 60, preventing the plunger 60 from detaching from the front end of the housing 10. The outer peripheral surface of the flange 52 is clearance-fitted with the first boss 21. The outer peripheral surface of the flange 52 refers to the outer surface of the flange 52 surrounding the axis. Alternatively, it can be understood that the outer peripheral contour dimension of the flange 52 is smaller than the outer peripheral contour dimension of the mounting bracket 40, allowing it to be positioned within the area enclosed by the first boss 21. The flange 52 positions the first boss, ensuring that the coil assembly 20 is securely mounted on the front yoke 50, which is then enclosed by the housing.

[0043] The plunger 60 is movably disposed within the coil assembly 20 along the axial direction S. Furthermore, the front yoke 50 serves as the front positioning reference for the plunger 60 along the axial direction S, and the rear cover 30 serves as the rear positioning reference for the plunger 60 along the axial direction S.

[0044] Please see Figures 2 to 4 Specifically, the plunger 60 is equipped with a push rod 61, which passes through the front yoke 50. The front yoke 50, mounting bracket 40, housing 10 and rear cover 30 surround and form an electromagnetic circuit. When the coil assembly 20 is energized, under the excitation of the coil assembly 20, the plunger 60 can resist the external load and move forward along the axial direction S, thereby causing the push rod 61 to move forward along the axial direction. Conversely, when the coil assembly 20 is de-energized, the coil assembly 20 is demagnetized, the plunger 60 moves backward under the action of the external load, and causes the push rod 61 to retract.

[0045] Understandably, the front yoke 50 and the housing 10 are independent parts, which can be processed separately. The structure of each part is simplified, the processing technology is simple, and the cost is low. The mounting bracket 40 and the front yoke 50 are press-fitted together by an interference fit. During the assembly process, the side of the mounting bracket 40 away from the coil assembly 20 is stably supported by the press-fit tooling, resulting in minimal deformation.

[0046] Among them, the interference fit between the yoke body 51 and the first mounting hole 41 is a1, the clearance fit between the mounting bracket 40 and the housing 10 is a2, the clearance fit between the flange 52 and the first boss 21 is a3, the clearance fit between the coil assembly 20 and the housing 10 is a4, and the clearance fit between the yoke body 51 and the coil assembly 20 is a5, where a1 < a2 or a3, and a2 or a3 < a4 or a5.

[0047] It should be noted that clearance fit can be understood as the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of two mating parts.

[0048] It should also be noted that the specific values ​​of a1, a2, a3, a4 and a5 can be flexibly adjusted and set according to the actual product. There are no special restrictions here, as long as they meet the actual process requirements.

[0049] Understandably, during the assembly of the solenoid valve, the front yoke 50 is used as the assembly reference, allowing the mounting bracket 40 to be installed onto the front yoke 50. Because the yoke body 51 and the first mounting hole 41 have an interference fit, this ensures the stability of the assembly between the mounting bracket 40 and the front yoke 50, eliminating gaps between them and establishing a common assembly reference. Subsequently, the housing 10 can be installed using the mounting bracket 40 as the assembly reference, that is, the housing 10 can be installed using the front yoke 50 as an indirect assembly reference. This allows the mounting bracket 40 to be positioned at the front end of the housing 10, with a clearance fit (a2 > a1), facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the mounting bracket 40 and the housing 10. The coil assembly 20 can be installed on the flange 52 using the front yoke 50 as the assembly reference (a3 > a1), facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the coil assembly 20 and the front yoke 50. It is evident that the housing 10 and the coil assembly 20 are each installed using the same assembly datum, ensuring the accuracy of the radial positioning dimensions after the various parts are assembled together. This, in turn, guarantees sealing performance over a long lifespan and improves product performance. Furthermore, since a2 and a3 are both smaller than a4 and a5, the smaller a2 and a3 form a small gap, which satisfies the requirement for accurate assembly of the housing 10 and the coil assembly 20 onto the component formed by the mounting bracket 40 and the front yoke 50, thus providing radial positioning and improving the accuracy of the radial positioning dimensions. The larger a4 and a5 form a large gap, which mainly serves to avoid obstruction, enabling the rapid assembly of the yoke body 51, the coil assembly 20, and the housing 10 together.

[0050] Based on the aforementioned embodiment, after the housing 10 is assembled to the mounting bracket 40, the rear cover 30 is installed to the rear end of the housing 10, such that the rear cover 30 and the housing 10 are in a clearance fit, satisfying the assembly and disassembly of the rear cover 30 and the housing 10. The clearance fit between the rear cover 30 and the housing 10 is a6. a6 < a4 and a5; therefore, a6, a2, and a3 are of the same order of magnitude, all being small clearances, serving a radial positioning function and improving the accuracy of the radial positioning dimensions.

[0051] For example, the rear end of the coil assembly 20 is provided with a bushing 22, and the rear cover 30 is provided with a first positioning hole 31. The bushing 22 is disposed in the first positioning hole 31 and is clearance-fitted with the first positioning hole 31. The clearance fit between the bushing 22 and the first positioning hole 31 is a7, where a7 < a4 or a5. Thus, a7 is on the same order of magnitude as a6, a2, and a3, all being small clearances. The bushing 22 plays a radial positioning role for the rear cover 30, which can further improve the accuracy of the radial positioning dimensions.

[0052] Specifically, a6 < a7. This facilitates the assembly of the back cover 30 between the coil assembly 20 and the housing 10, improving installation stability.

[0053] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 Based on the aforementioned embodiment, the rear cover 30 is further provided with a second positioning hole 32. The second positioning hole 32 is correspondingly arranged with the plunger 60 along the axial direction S. When the plunger 60 abuts against the rear cover 30, the plunger 60 extends into the second positioning hole 32, and the plunger 60 and the second positioning hole 32 are in clearance fit. The clearance fit amount between the plunger 60 and the second positioning hole 32 is a8, where a7 < a8. Thus, a8, a4, and a5 are all of the same order of magnitude, all being large clearances, mainly serving a clearance function, thereby ensuring that the plunger 60 can smoothly enter or leave the second positioning hole 32 during operation without interference. Furthermore, the overall size is small, enabling miniaturization.

[0054] In some embodiments, the front end of the housing 10 and the mounting bracket 40 are connected by mechanical deformation, specifically including but not limited to riveting or snap-fitting. Alternatively, the front end of the housing 10 and the mounting bracket 40 can be connected by welding, bonding, or fasteners such as bolts or pins. Similarly, the rear end of the housing 10 and the rear cover 30 are connected by mechanical deformation, specifically including but not limited to riveting or snap-fitting. Again, the rear end of the housing 10 and the rear cover 30 can be connected by welding, bonding, or fasteners such as bolts or pins.

[0055] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one specific embodiment, the front end of the housing 10 is provided with a first step 11 and a first fixing part 12, the mounting bracket 40 is sealed and abutted against the first step 11, and the mounting bracket 40 is riveted and fixed to the first fixing part 12. The rear end of the housing 10 is provided with a second step 13 and a second fixing part 14, the rear cover 30 is sealed and abutted against the second step 13, and the rear cover 30 is riveted and fixed to the second fixing part 14.

[0056] In some embodiments, the coil assembly 20 is in sealed contact with the mounting bracket 40 along the axial direction S, and the coil assembly 20 is also in sealed contact with the rear cover 30 along the axial direction S. This ensures a tight seal and prevents foreign objects from entering the coil assembly 20 and contacting the plunger 60, which could reduce product performance.

[0057] Since the rear cover 30 not only seals against the coil assembly 20, but also seals against the rear end of the housing 10 along the axial direction S, a double seal is formed, resulting in a better sealing effect. Furthermore, to ensure the sealing performance of the rear cover 30 with both the coil assembly 20 and the rear end of the housing 10, the solenoid valve, for example, also includes a first sealing ring 70, which is disposed between the rear cover 30 and the coil assembly 20.

[0058] In some embodiments, the front end of the coil assembly 20 is provided with a third step 23. The flange portion 52 and the third step 23 are sealed and abutted together along the axial direction S. Thus, the flange portion 52 serves to support the coil assembly 20, and the flange portion 52 is also in a sealing fit with the coil assembly 20.

[0059] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the solenoid valve further includes a second sealing ring 80, which is disposed between the flange portion 52 and the third step 23.

[0060] For example, the outer periphery of the flange 52 is set in a circular shape. This facilitates manufacturing and forming.

[0061] For example, the mounting bracket 40 is a sheet metal part. Specifically, the mounting bracket 40 is a one-piece stamped part.

[0062] It should be noted that the "flange part 52" in this embodiment can be a part of the "yoke body part 51", that is, the "flange part 52" and the "other parts of the yoke body part 51" are integrally formed; or it can be an independent component that can be separated from the "other parts of the yoke body part 51", that is, the "flange part 52" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the "other parts of the yoke body part 51" to form a whole.

[0063] In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine of this application may specifically be a variable valve lift internal combustion engine.

[0064] For example, the internal combustion engine includes the solenoid valve of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0065] The aforementioned internal combustion engine includes a solenoid valve, and the technical effects are brought about by the solenoid valve. The beneficial effects include those of the solenoid valve, which will not be elaborated here.

[0066] In some embodiments, this application also provides a vehicle, which includes, but is not limited to, automobiles, buses, motorcycles, etc., without limitation. The vehicle includes a body and an internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine being mounted on the body.

[0067] The aforementioned vehicles, since they include an internal combustion engine, have technical effects brought about by the internal combustion engine, and the beneficial effects include those of the internal combustion engine, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0068] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0069] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0070] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0071] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0072] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0073] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0074] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic valve characterized by comprising: include: case; A coil assembly is disposed inside the housing and is clearance-fitted with the housing. The front end of the coil assembly is provided with a first boss extending in its circumferential direction. A rear cover, which is mounted at the rear end of the housing; The mounting bracket is installed at the front end of the housing and is clearance-fitted with the housing. The mounting bracket and the first boss are sealed and abutted together along the axial direction of the housing. The mounting bracket is provided with a first mounting hole. A front yoke, comprising a yoke body and a flange surrounding the outer periphery of the yoke body, the yoke body passing through the first mounting hole and having an interference fit with the first mounting hole, the yoke body also passing through the coil assembly and having a clearance fit with the coil assembly, the flange being disposed between the mounting bracket and the coil assembly, the flange having sealing contact with the mounting bracket and the coil assembly on opposite sides along the axial direction, and the outer peripheral surface of the flange having a clearance fit with the first boss; and A plunger, which is movably disposed within the coil assembly along the axial direction; Wherein, the interference fit between the yoke body and the first mounting hole is a1, the clearance fit between the mounting bracket and the housing is a2, the clearance fit between the flange and the first boss is a3, the clearance fit between the coil assembly and the housing is a4, and the clearance fit between the yoke body and the coil assembly is a5, where a1 < a2 or a3, and a2 or a3 < a4 or a5.

2. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, characterized by The rear cover is clearance-fitted with the housing; the rear end of the coil assembly is provided with a bushing, the rear cover is provided with a first positioning hole, the bushing is disposed in the first positioning hole and clearance-fitted with the first positioning hole; the clearance fit between the rear cover and the housing is a6, the clearance fit between the bushing and the first positioning hole is a7, a6 < a4, a5 or a7, a7 < a4 or a5.

3. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 2, characterized by The rear cover is also provided with a second positioning hole, which is correspondingly arranged with the plunger along the axis. When the plunger abuts against the rear cover, the plunger extends into the second positioning hole, and the plunger and the second positioning hole are in clearance fit. The clearance fit between the plunger and the second positioning hole is a8, where a7 < a8.

4. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, characterized by The front end of the housing is provided with a first step and a first fixing part. The mounting bracket is sealed and abutted against the first step along the axial direction, and the mounting bracket is riveted and fixed to the first fixing part. The rear end of the housing is provided with a second step and a second fixing part. The rear cover is sealed and abutted against the second step along the axial direction, and the rear cover is riveted and fixed to the second fixing part.

5. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, characterized by The coil assembly is sealed against the mounting bracket along the axial direction, and the coil assembly is also sealed against the rear cover along the axial direction.

6. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 5, characterized by The solenoid valve also includes a first sealing ring, which is disposed between the rear cover and the coil assembly.

7. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, characterized by The front end of the coil assembly is provided with a third step, and the flange portion and the third step are sealed and abutted together along the axial direction.

8. The solenoid valve according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solenoid valve also satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The solenoid valve further includes a second sealing ring, which is disposed between the flange and the third step; (2) The outer periphery of the flange is circular; (3) The mounting bracket is a sheet metal part.

9. An internal combustion engine, characterized in that, Including the solenoid valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the internal combustion engine as described in claim 9.

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