Cylinder head assembly, internal combustion engine and vehicle

Abstract

This application relates to a cylinder head assembly, an internal combustion engine, and a vehicle. The cylinder head assembly includes a cylinder head cover, a cylinder head, and a valve train assembly. The cylinder head has a first oil passage located at the end of the cylinder head near the cylinder head cover, and a first fuel injector is provided in the first oil passage. The valve stem end and the first fuel injector are arranged opposite each other in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline. That is, the position of the mating surface between the cylinder head and the cylinder head cover is adjusted forward relative to the position of the first fuel injector along the direction of the cylinder centerline. The first fuel injector can spray lubricating oil downward to the valve stem end. Even if the internal combustion engine is cold or the oil pressure of the lubricating oil decreases, the lubricating oil sprayed from the first fuel injector can still reach the first fuel injector under the action of gravity, ensuring reliable lubrication and avoiding abnormal wear defects. Moreover, compared to opening the first oil passage and the first fuel injector on the cylinder head cover, it is easier to process at the end of the cylinder head near the cylinder head cover, resulting in higher production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to cylinder head assemblies, internal combustion engines, and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Lubricating oil plays a crucial role in the operation of internal combustion engines, including but not limited to lubrication, cooling, cleaning, sealing, rust and corrosion prevention, and shock absorption. It acts like the "blood" of the engine, ensuring its efficient and stable operation. The cylinder head assembly, as a core component of the internal combustion engine, includes the cylinder head, cylinder head cover, and the valve train components located between the cylinder head and cylinder head cover. The valve train components include rocker arms and valves. During engine operation, to ensure operational stability, the moving parts of the valve train components require sufficient lubrication with lubricating oil. In related technologies, the cylinder head cover has an oil passage (also called the cylinder head cover oil passage). This oil passage primarily sprays lubricating oil onto the valves and rocker arms during engine operation to meet the lubrication needs of the moving parts of the valve train components. However, the cylinder head cover oil passage in related technologies cannot simultaneously meet the injection lubrication needs of both the valves and rocker arms, resulting in lower lubrication reliability, especially a high risk of abnormal wear on the intake valves during initial startup. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cylinder head assembly, internal combustion engine, and vehicle that can improve lubrication reliability, meet the lubrication requirements of moving parts of the valve train components, and reduce the risk of abnormal wear, in order to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art.

[0004] On one hand, this application provides a cylinder head assembly, including:

[0005] Cylinder head cover;

[0006] A cylinder head, connected to a cylinder head cover; the cylinder head is provided with a first oil passage, the first oil passage being arranged at one end of the cylinder head near the cylinder head cover, and the first oil passage being provided with a first fuel injector; and

[0007] A valve train assembly is disposed between the cylinder head cover and the cylinder head. The valve train assembly includes an intake valve and an intake rocker arm. The intake valve includes an intake valve stem slidably disposed on the cylinder head. The intake valve stem abuts against the intake rocker arm. One end of the intake valve stem that abuts against the intake rocker arm is the valve stem end. The valve stem end and the first fuel injector are arranged opposite each other in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline.

[0008] In one embodiment, when the intake valve is in the closed state, the valve stem end is located inside the cylinder head, or, along the direction of the cylinder centerline, the distance between the valve stem end and the first fuel injector is S, where S is 0 to 30 mm.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first fuel injector is inclined toward the mating surface of the cylinder head cover and the cylinder head; the angle between the first fuel injector and the mating surface is β, where β is 6° to 45°.

[0010] In one embodiment, β is 20° to 30°.

[0011] In one embodiment, there are two intake valves and two intake rocker arms, with each intake rocker arm corresponding to each intake valve; there are two first fuel injectors, with each first fuel injector corresponding to one of the two valve stem ends; the first oil passage extends along the arrangement direction of the two valve stem ends, and the extension direction of the first oil passage is perpendicular to the cylinder centerline.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cylinder head also forms a main oil passage, the first oil passage is connected to the main oil passage, one end of the first oil passage is set as a closed end, the closed end is located on one side of the cylinder head along the extension direction of the first oil passage; the closed end is provided with a removable sealing element.

[0013] In one embodiment, the cylinder head cover is provided with a first mating surface, and the cylinder head is provided with a second mating surface, the second mating surface and the first mating surface being disposed opposite to each other and connected to each other;

[0014] The cylinder head assembly further includes a seal disposed between the first mating surface and the second mating surface; and / or, the valve train assembly further includes a camshaft disposed on the cylinder head and driven by the intake rocker arm; the first mating surface and the second mating surface are parallel to the axis of the camshaft.

[0015] In one embodiment, the valve train assembly further includes a camshaft disposed on the cylinder head and driven by the intake rocker arm; the axis of the camshaft is located inside the cylinder head.

[0016] On the other hand, this application also provides an internal combustion engine, including the cylinder head assembly and a cylinder block, wherein the cylinder head assembly is connected to the cylinder block.

[0017] In another aspect, this application also provides a vehicle, including a body and the aforementioned internal combustion engine, wherein the internal combustion engine is mounted on the body; the cylinder centerline is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, the angle between the cylinder centerline and the horizontal plane is α, 0°≤α≤30°, and the first fuel injector is located above the valve stem end.

[0018] The aforementioned cylinder head assembly, internal combustion engine, and vehicle are designed such that the valve stem end and the first fuel injector are arranged opposite each other along a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline. Specifically, the mating surface between the cylinder head and cylinder head cover is adjusted forward relative to the position of the first fuel injector along the cylinder centerline. This ensures that during engine operation, the valve stem end is positioned below the first fuel injector, allowing the first fuel injector to spray lubricating oil downwards onto the valve stem end. Even when the engine is cold or the lubricating oil pressure decreases, the lubricating oil sprayed from the first fuel injector still reaches the injector under gravity, ensuring reliable lubrication, preventing abnormal wear defects, improving the durability and reliability of moving parts, extending service life, and simplifying the manufacturing process. Furthermore, the first oil passage can be arranged at the end of the cylinder head near the cylinder head cover, allowing the first fuel injector to be arranged opposite to the first fuel injector along a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline. Moreover, compared to opening the first oil passage and the first fuel injector on the cylinder head cover, it is easier to process and open them on the end of the cylinder head close to the cylinder head cover, resulting in higher production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder head cover oil passage, valves, and rocker arm in the relevant technology.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a valve train assembly installed inside a cylinder head according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view of the structure at point AA.

[0022] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the cylinder head and cylinder head cover according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the cylinder head and cylinder head cover assembled according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view of the structure at BB.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 110. Cylinder head cover oil passage; 111. First oil jet; 112. Second oil jet; 120. Valve; 121. Valve stem end; 130. Rocker arm;

[0028] 210. Cylinder head cover; 211. Second oil passage; 212. First mating surface; 220. Cylinder head; 221. First oil passage; 2211. First fuel injector; 222. Second mating surface; 230. Valve train assembly; 231. Camshaft; 2311. Axis; 232. Intake rocker arm; 233. Intake valve; 2331. Opening / closing valve; 2332. Intake valve stem; 23321. Valve stem end; 234. Exit rocker arm; 235. Exit valve; 240. Seal; O. Cylinder centerline. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] It should be noted that in this embodiment, "front," "rear," "left," and "right" are all based on the orientation of the internal combustion engine during normal use. The vehicle's driving direction is the "front-back" direction, and the direction perpendicular to the driving direction and the vertical direction is the "left-right" direction.

[0031] As described in the background section, the cylinder head oil passage in the related art cannot simultaneously meet the injection lubrication requirements of both the valves and the rocker arms. The reason for this problem is that... (See also...) Figure 1 , Figure 1A schematic diagram of the cylinder head cover oil passage 110, valve 120, and rocker arm 130 in the related art is shown. Along the cylinder centerline O, the sealing surface between the cylinder head cover and the cylinder head is typically lower than the valve stem end 121; that is, the valve stem end 121 extends into the cylinder head cover cavity. It can be understood that the valve stem end 121 refers to the end of the valve stem furthest from the combustion chamber, in other words, the end that mates with the rocker arm 130. To lubricate the valve 120, the cylinder head cover oil passage 110 forms a first oil jet 111 that sprays downwards and rearwards. The first oil jet 111 contacts the valve stem end 121 and flows along the valve stem end 121 to other parts of the valve 120, achieving effective lubrication of the valve 120. Furthermore, to lubricate the rocker arm 130, the cylinder head cover oil passage 110 also forms a second oil jet 112 that sprays towards the rocker arm 130. The second oil jet 112 is sprayed downwards onto the rocker arm 130, thereby achieving lubrication of the rocker arm 130. However, when the oil pressure decreases, especially when the internal combustion engine is cold, the temperature is low, the oil viscosity is high, and the oil pressure in the oil passage is low. The fuel injector used to lubricate the valve 120 will not be able to form a columnar pressure oil jet. As shown by the red arrow, the actual fuel jet is lower than the first oil jet 111 under the action of gravity, causing the fuel injection point to be below the valve stem end 121, failing to achieve the purpose of lubricating the valve stem end 121. Since the valve stem end 121 and the rocker arm 130 form a moving friction pair, if they are not adequately lubricated, abnormal wear will easily occur, causing the internal combustion engine to malfunction. Therefore, the risk of abnormal wear of the valve 120 is relatively high during the initial stage of startup.

[0032] Of course, if an oil passage is added to the cylinder head cover at the location adjacent to the valve stem end 121 (such as...) Figure 1 As shown by the red dotted circle in the image, and by opening a fuel injector on the part of the oil passage opposite to the valve stem end 121, the following problems will occur: 1. The cylinder head cover structure is complex, and each oil passage hole needs to be processed and sealed, resulting in low structural reliability and high cost; 2. The mating contours of the cylinder head cover and cylinder head need to be enlarged (the new oil passage structure interferes with internal parts, requiring the contour to be moved outward), which is not conducive to the miniaturization of internal combustion engines; 3. The side wall on the cylinder head cover used to set the oil passage needs to be thickened, which is not conducive to the lightweighting of parts, and casting defects are caused by uneven wall thickness, resulting in low yield.

[0033] Based on the above reasons, this application provides a cylinder head assembly, an internal combustion engine, and a vehicle that can improve the reliability of lubrication, meet the lubrication requirements of the moving parts of the valve train components, and reduce the risk of abnormal wear.

[0034] The following will combine Figures 1 to 7 This application provides a detailed description of an embodiment of the cylinder head assembly, internal combustion engine, and vehicle:

[0035] The internal combustion engines provided in this application embodiment include, but are not limited to, two-valve or four-valve internal combustion engines, etc., and are not limited thereto. They can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs. The internal combustion engine in this embodiment can be applied to high-performance cars, SUVs, or motorcycles, etc., which can improve the reliability of lubrication, meet the lubrication requirements of the moving parts of the valve train components, reduce the risk of abnormal wear, and provide a guarantee for the stable operation of the vehicle.

[0036] See Figures 2 to 4 An embodiment of this application provides a cylinder head assembly, including: a cylinder head cover 210, a cylinder head 220, and a valve train assembly 230. The cylinder head 220 is connected to the cylinder head cover 210. The valve train assembly 230 is disposed between the cylinder head cover 210 and the cylinder head 220.

[0037] For example, the valve train assembly 230 includes a camshaft 231, an intake rocker arm 232, an intake valve 233, an exhaust rocker arm 234, and an exhaust valve 235. The camshaft 231, intake rocker arm 232, intake valve 233, exhaust rocker arm 234, and exhaust valve 235 are all located within the cylinder head 220. The camshaft 231 is connected to the crankshaft. The camshaft 231 rotates under the drive of the crankshaft. The intake rocker arm 232 converts the movement of the camshaft 231 into the opening or closing of the intake valve 233, and the exhaust rocker arm 234 converts the movement of the camshaft 231 into the opening or closing of the exhaust valve 235, to ensure sufficient mixing and combustion of fuel and air. The camshaft 231, intake rocker arm 232, and exhaust rocker arm 234 work as a single unit, controlling the opening and closing of the intake valve 233 and the exhaust valve 235.

[0038] For example, the cylinder head assembly also includes a water pump. The camshaft 231 is also coaxially arranged with and connected to the water pump shaft. When the camshaft 231 rotates, it drives the water pump shaft to rotate, thereby realizing the water pump's liquid supply function.

[0039] To ensure operational stability, the intake valve 233 requires adequate lubrication. Specifically, the intake valve 233 includes an opening / closing valve 2331 and an intake valve stem 2332. The opening / closing valve 2331 is connected to one end of the intake valve stem 2332, and the other end of the intake valve stem 2332 abuts against the intake rocker arm 232. Driven by the intake valve stem 2332, the opening / closing valve 2331 either presses against the valve seat to close the intake valve 233, or moves away from the valve seat to open the intake valve 233. The intake valve stem 2332 is slidably mounted on the cylinder head 220 to ensure the valve performs reciprocating linear motion, allowing the opening / closing valve 2331 to accurately engage with the valve seat and transfer heat from the valve stem to the cylinder head cover 210. Since the valve stem operates at a high temperature, it can be made of cast iron with high graphite content or iron-based powder metallurgy to improve its self-lubricating properties.

[0040] The cylinder head 220 is provided with a first oil passage 221. The first oil passage 221 is located on the cylinder head 220 near the cylinder head cover 210. The first oil passage 221 is provided with a first fuel injector 2211. The end of the intake valve stem 2332 that abuts against the intake rocker arm 232 is the valve stem end 23321. The valve stem end 23321 and the first fuel injector 2211 are arranged opposite each other in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline O. That is, the position of the mating surface between the cylinder head 220 and the cylinder head cover 210 is adjusted forward relative to the position of the first fuel injector 2211 along the direction of the cylinder centerline O.

[0041] Understandably, during the installation and use of an internal combustion engine in a vehicle, the internal combustion engine is positioned with the cylinder head cover 210 and cylinder head 220 arranged in a front-to-back configuration, and the cylinder centerline O forms an angle α with the horizontal plane. This angle α includes, but is not limited to, 0° to 30°, specifically 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, or 30°. The valve stem end 23321 is located below the first fuel injector 2211. Therefore, the first fuel injector 2211 can spray lubricating oil downwards to the valve stem end 23321. Even if the internal combustion engine is cold or the lubricating oil pressure decreases, the lubricating oil sprayed from the first fuel injector 2211 can still reach the first fuel injector 2211 under the action of gravity, ensuring reliable lubrication, avoiding abnormal wear defects, improving the durability and reliability of moving parts, extending service life, and simplifying the manufacturing process. Furthermore, the first oil passage 221 can be arranged on the cylinder head 220 near the cylinder head cover 210, so that the first fuel injector 2211 is arranged opposite to the valve stem end 23321 in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline O. Moreover, compared to opening the first oil passage 221 and the first fuel injector 221 on the cylinder head cover 210, it is easier to process and open them on the cylinder head 220 near the cylinder head cover 210, resulting in higher production efficiency.

[0042] Specifically, when the mating surface between the cylinder head 220 and the cylinder head cover 210 is adjusted forward along the cylinder centerline O, the valve stem end 23321 is located inside the cylinder head 220 when the intake valve 233 is closed. Thus, since both the first oil passage 221 and the first fuel injector 2211 are located in the cylinder head 220, this satisfies the requirement that the first fuel injector 2211 and the valve stem end 23321 are arranged opposite each other in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline O.

[0043] In some embodiments, the distance between the valve stem end 23321 and the first fuel injector 2211 along the direction of the cylinder centerline O is S. S includes, but is not limited to, 0 to 30 mm, specifically, 0, 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 13 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, or 30 mm, etc., and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, without limitation. This satisfies the requirement that the first fuel injector 2211 and the valve stem end 23321 are arranged relative to each other along a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline O. Furthermore, the dimensional change of the cylinder head 220 along the direction of the cylinder centerline O is minimal and does not affect the overall volume.

[0044] Conversely, when the distance S is greater than 30mm, the valve stem is too long, and the valve stem end 23321 protrudes significantly beyond the cylinder head 220, making it impossible to satisfy the requirement that the first fuel injector 2211 and the valve stem end 23321 be arranged relative to each other in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline O; or, the valve stem is too short, that is, the size of the cylinder head 220 changes significantly in the direction of the cylinder centerline O, resulting in a large overall size that does not meet the requirements for product miniaturization.

[0045] Please see Figure 3 Based on the aforementioned embodiment, the first fuel injector 2211 is inclined toward the mating surface between the cylinder head cover 210 and the cylinder head 220. That is, the first fuel injector 2211 sprays lubricating oil toward the mating surface. Thus, the valve stem end 23321 can extend to the mating surface, and even slightly protrude beyond the cylinder head 220, still being lubricated by the lubricating oil sprayed by the first fuel injector 2211. Therefore, for intake valve stems 2332 of the same length, the dimension of the cylinder head 220 along the cylinder centerline O can be smaller, thereby contributing to a smaller overall size.

[0046] Optionally, the angle between the first fuel injector 2211 and the first mating surface 212 or the second mating surface 222 is β, which includes, but is not limited to, 6° to 45°, specifically such as 6°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, 20°, 21°, 22°, 24°, 25°, 26°, 27°, 28°, 29°, 30°, 32°, 35°, 40° or 45°, etc. There are no special restrictions here, and it can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0047] The number of intake valves 233 and exhaust valves is not limited to one; for example, there are at least two of each. The specific number is not specifically limited and can be set according to actual needs. Taking a four-valve internal combustion engine as an example, there are two intake valves 233 and two exhaust valves. Correspondingly, the intake rocker arm 232 can drive the two intake valves 233 to open or close, and the exhaust rocker arm can drive the two exhaust valves to open or close.

[0048] When there are two intake valves 233, there are also two first fuel injectors 2211, with each first fuel injector 2211 corresponding to one of the two valve stem ends 23321. Each first fuel injector 2211 can spray lubricating oil onto each valve stem end 23321 to ensure sufficient lubrication. To facilitate the machining of the first oil passage 221, specifically, the first oil passage 221 extends along the arrangement direction of the two valve stem ends 23321, and the extension direction of the first oil passage 221 is perpendicular to the cylinder centerline O.

[0049] Based on the aforementioned embodiment, the cylinder head 220 also forms a main oil passage. The first oil passage 221 communicates with the main oil passage. Under the power of the oil pump, lubricating oil enters the oil chamber and is transported from the oil chamber to the main oil passage, and then to the first oil passage 221. Furthermore, one end of the first oil passage 221 is a closed end. The closed end is located on one side of the cylinder head 220 along the extending direction of the first oil passage 221.

[0050] Please participate Figure 4 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the closed end is provided with a detachable sealing component. Specifically, the sealing component includes, but is not limited to, plugs, fasteners, or sealing materials. The fasteners can be bolts, pins, or snap-fit ​​components, etc., and can be specifically set according to actual needs; no particular limitation is imposed here. Thus, after removing the sealing component, the unobstructedness of the first oil passage 221 can be checked. Furthermore, before the sealing component is installed, the closed end of the first oil passage 221 has an opening located on the side of the cylinder head 220, which facilitates the machining of the first oil passage 221.

[0051] Please see Figure 4 The cylinder head cover 210 is provided with a second oil passage 211. The second oil passage 211 is equipped with a second oil injector, which sprays lubricating oil towards the exhaust rocker arm, thereby lubricating the exhaust rocker arm. The second oil passage 211 and the first oil passage 221 are both located on the same side of the cylinder head assembly. The closed end of the second oil passage 211 and the closed end of the first oil passage 221 are located on the same side of the cylinder head assembly.

[0052] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 Specifically, the cylinder head cover 210 is provided with a first mating surface 212, and the cylinder head 220 is provided with a second mating surface 222. The second mating surface 222 and the first mating surface 212 are arranged opposite to each other and connected to each other.

[0053] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5For example, the cylinder head assembly also includes a seal 240. The seal 240 includes, but is not limited to, a sealing ring. The seal 240 is disposed between the first mating surface 212 and the second mating surface 222. In this way, the sealing at the mating position between the cylinder head cover 210 and the cylinder head 220 can be guaranteed.

[0054] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, at least one of the first mating surface 212 and the second mating surface 222 is provided with a mounting groove, and the seal 240 is installed in the mounting groove.

[0055] Please see Figures 5 to 7 To further optimize and improve the sealing performance at the joint between the cylinder head cover 210 and the cylinder head 220, optionally, both the first mating surface 212 and the second mating surface 222 are made as planes. Furthermore, the first mating surface 212 and the second mating surface 222 are parallel to the axis 2311 of the camshaft 231. This reduces the requirements for machining equipment, facilitates the machining of the first mating surface 212 and the second mating surface 222, and lowers manufacturing costs.

[0056] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 Based on the aforementioned embodiment, the axis 2311 of the camshaft 231 is located inside the cylinder head 220. That is, the axis 2311 of the camshaft 231 is located on the side of the first mating surface 212 or the second mating surface 222 away from the cylinder head cover 210. This enables the miniaturization of the internal combustion engine. When the axis 2311 of the camshaft 231 is offset towards the cylinder head cover 210 along the cylinder centerline O, the dimension of the cylinder head 220 along the cylinder centerline O will increase, resulting in an increase in the dimension of the internal combustion engine along the cylinder centerline O, which in turn leads to an increase in the weight of the internal combustion engine. This is not conducive to lightweight component design and will drastically increase the difficulty of vehicle layout.

[0057] In some embodiments, this application also provides an internal combustion engine including a cylinder head assembly of any of the above embodiments, and a cylinder block, wherein the cylinder head assembly is connected to the cylinder block.

[0058] The aforementioned internal combustion engine, including the cylinder head assembly, brings about technical effects and benefits that are inherent to the internal combustion engine itself, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0059] On the other hand, this application also provides a vehicle, which includes, but is not limited to, automobiles, buses, motorcycles, etc., without limitation. The vehicle includes a body and an internal combustion engine, with the internal combustion engine mounted on the body.

[0060] The aforementioned vehicles, since they include an internal combustion engine, have technical effects brought about by the internal combustion engine, and the beneficial effects include those of the internal combustion engine, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0061] Based on the aforementioned embodiment, the cylinder centerline O is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the angle between the cylinder centerline O and the horizontal plane is α, 0°≤α≤30°, and the first fuel injector 2211 is located above the valve stem end 23321.

[0062] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0063] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0064] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0065] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0066] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0067] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0068] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cylinder head assembly, characterized by, include: Cylinder head cover; A cylinder head, connected to a cylinder head cover; the cylinder head is provided with a first oil passage, the first oil passage being arranged at one end of the cylinder head near the cylinder head cover, and the first oil passage being provided with a first fuel injector; and A valve train assembly is disposed between the cylinder head cover and the cylinder head. The valve train assembly includes an intake valve and an intake rocker arm. The intake valve includes an intake valve stem slidably disposed on the cylinder head. The intake valve stem abuts against the intake rocker arm. One end of the intake valve stem that abuts against the intake rocker arm is the valve stem end. The valve stem end and the first fuel injector are arranged opposite each other in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder centerline.

2. The cylinder head assembly of claim 1, wherein, When the intake valve is closed, the valve stem end is located inside the cylinder head, or, along the direction of the cylinder centerline, the distance between the valve stem end and the first fuel injector is S, where S is 0 to 30 mm.

3. The cylinder head assembly of claim 1, wherein, The first fuel injector is inclined toward the mating surface of the cylinder head cover and the cylinder head; the angle between the first fuel injector and the mating surface is β, where β is 6° to 45°.

4. The cylinder head assembly of claim 3, wherein, β is between 20° and 30°.

5. The cylinder head assembly of claim 1, wherein, The intake valve and the intake rocker arm are both provided in pairs, with each intake rocker arm corresponding to each intake valve; the first fuel injector is provided in pairs, with each of the two first fuel injectors corresponding to one of the two valve stem ends; the first oil passage extends along the arrangement direction of the two valve stem ends, and the extension direction of the first oil passage is perpendicular to the cylinder centerline.

6. The cylinder head assembly of claim 5, wherein, The cylinder head also forms a main oil passage, and the first oil passage is connected to the main oil passage. One end of the first oil passage is set as a closed end, and the closed end is located on one side of the cylinder head along the extension direction of the first oil passage. The closed end is provided with a detachable sealing element.

7. The cylinder head assembly of claim 1, wherein, The cylinder head cover is provided with a first mating surface, and the cylinder head is provided with a second mating surface. The second mating surface and the first mating surface are arranged opposite to each other and connected to each other. The cylinder head assembly further includes a seal disposed between the first mating surface and the second mating surface; and / or, the valve train assembly further includes a camshaft disposed on the cylinder head and driven by the intake rocker arm; the first mating surface and the second mating surface are parallel to the axis of the camshaft.

8. The cylinder head assembly of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The valve train assembly also includes a camshaft, which is disposed in the cylinder head and is driven by the intake rocker arm; the axis of the camshaft is located inside the cylinder head.

9. An internal combustion engine characterized by comprising: The assembly includes the cylinder head assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and also includes a cylinder block, wherein the cylinder head assembly is connected to the cylinder block.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The system includes a main body and an internal combustion engine as described in claim 9, wherein the internal combustion engine is mounted on the main body; the cylinder centerline is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the angle between the cylinder centerline and the horizontal plane is α, where 0°≤α≤30°, and the first fuel injector is located above the valve stem end.

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