Cylinder head assembly, internal combustion engine and vehicle

Abstract

This application relates to a cylinder head assembly, an internal combustion engine, and a vehicle. The cylinder head assembly includes a cylinder head, a cylinder head cover, and a valve train assembly. The cylinder head has a first oil passage and a first injection port, the first injection port communicating with the first oil passage. The cylinder head cover has a second oil passage and a second injection port, the second injection port communicating with the second oil passage. Within the lift range of the intake valve, the injection direction of the first injection port is towards at least one end of the adjusting member and the intake valve closest to each other. The injection direction of the second injection port is towards at least one of the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm. The first injection port sprays a jet of lubricating oil outward to at least one end of the adjusting member and the intake valve closest to each other, and then splashes onto the friction pair between the adjusting member and the intake valve. The second injection port sprays a jet of lubricating oil to at least one of the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm, which enables sufficient lubrication of the other key friction pairs of the valve train assembly, thus achieving sufficient lubrication of the key friction pairs of the valve train assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to cylinder head assemblies, internal combustion engines, and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Lubricating oil plays a crucial role in the operation of internal combustion engines, including but not limited to lubrication, cooling, cleaning, sealing, rust and corrosion prevention, and shock absorption. It is like the "blood" of the internal combustion engine, ensuring its efficient and stable operation. The cylinder head assembly, as a core component of the internal combustion engine, includes the cylinder head, cylinder head cover, and the valve train components located between the cylinder head and cylinder head cover. The valve train components include the camshaft mechanism, rocker arms, and valves. During engine operation, to ensure operational stability, the moving parts of the valve train components require adequate lubrication with lubricating oil.

[0003] In the actual operation of internal combustion engines in related technologies, the high-speed rotation of the cam mechanism generates oil splash lubrication. The splashed oil is scattered randomly, making it difficult to accurately guide it to the key friction pairs. This easily leads to problems such as insufficient oil supply, discontinuous oil film establishment, and uneven lubrication. Under prolonged poor lubrication conditions, the friction pairs are prone to dry friction and localized overheating, causing abnormal wear of components, increased clearances, and other defects. This not only causes abnormal operating noises and valve opening and closing timing deviations, significantly shortening the overall service life of the internal combustion engine, but also affects the stability of the engine's power output and the overall reliability of the engine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cylinder head assembly, internal combustion engine, and vehicle that can improve lubrication reliability, meet the lubrication requirements of moving parts of the valve train components, and reduce the risk of abnormal wear, in order to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art.

[0005] On the one hand, this application provides a cylinder head assembly, including:

[0006] A cylinder head, wherein the cylinder head is provided with a first oil passage and a first oil injection hole, and the first oil injection hole is connected to the first oil passage;

[0007] Cylinder head cover, the cylinder head cover being connected to the cylinder head, the cylinder head cover having a second oil passage and a second oil injection port, the second oil injection port being connected to the second oil passage; and

[0008] A valve train assembly, at least partially disposed within a cavity formed by the cylinder head and the cylinder head cover, the valve train assembly including an intake valve, an intake rocker arm, and an exhaust rocker arm, the intake valve being slidably disposed on the cylinder head, the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm being rotatably disposed on the cylinder head, the intake rocker arm being provided with a position-adjustable adjusting member, the adjusting member being in contact with the intake valve;

[0009] Wherein, within the lift range of the intake valve, the injection direction of the first fuel injection hole is toward at least one end of the adjusting member and the intake valve that is close to each other; the injection direction of the second fuel injection hole is toward at least one of the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first oil passage extends along the width direction of the cylinder head assembly, and one end of the first oil passage is a first closed end located on one side of the cylinder head assembly along the width direction; and / or, the second oil passage extends along the width direction, and one end of the second oil passage is a second closed end located on one side of the cylinder head assembly along the width direction.

[0011] In one embodiment, at least one of the first closed end and the second closed end is provided with a removable sealing element, the sealing element including a bolt, a pin, or a snap-fit; and / or, the cylinder head assembly further includes a water pump and a thermostat, the cylinder head is provided with a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface on one side along the width direction, the water pump is mounted on the first mounting surface, and the thermostat is mounted on the second mounting surface; the first closed end, the second closed end, the first mounting surface, and the second mounting surface are all located on the same side of the cylinder head assembly along the width direction, and the distances of the first closed end and the second closed end from the central axis of the cylinder head assembly are all less than the distances of the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface from the central axis of the cylinder head assembly.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cylinder head is further provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet valve can open or close the air inlet; the cylinder head is provided with a mating surface that fits against the cylinder head cover; along the central axis of the cylinder head assembly, the first oil passage is located between the air inlet and the mating surface.

[0013] In one embodiment, the cylinder head is provided with an oil chamber and a main oil passage, the main oil passage being connected to the oil chamber, and the oil chamber being connected to the first oil passage and the second oil passage respectively.

[0014] In one embodiment, the cylinder head assembly also satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0015] (1) The cylinder head is also provided with a throttling channel, which is located between the oil chamber and the main oil passage, and the main oil passage is connected to the oil chamber through the throttling channel;

[0016] (2) The main oil passage extends along the central axis of the cylinder head assembly;

[0017] (3) The oil chamber is located between the first oil passage and the second oil passage.

[0018] In one embodiment, the intake valve includes a guide rod, an elastic element, a support seat, and a fixed seat slidably disposed on the cylinder head, one end of the guide rod abutting against the adjusting element; the cylinder head has a support portion, the support seat is disposed on the support portion, and the fixed seat is disposed on the end of the guide rod near the adjusting element; the elastic element is a spring, the spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the spring is disposed between the support seat and the fixed seat; within the lift range of the intake valve, the injection direction of the first fuel injection hole is toward at least one of the fixed seat, the end of the guide rod near the adjusting element, and the end of the adjusting element near the guide rod; and / or, there are two first fuel injection holes and two adjusting elements, each of the first fuel injection holes and each of the adjusting elements is correspondingly disposed with each intake valve.

[0019] In one embodiment, the intake rocker arm includes a first intake rocker arm and a second intake rocker arm; the first intake rocker arm and the second intake rocker arm are arranged side by side and rotatably mounted on the cylinder head, and the first intake rocker arm and the second intake rocker arm are separably coupled; the second fuel injection port includes a first sub-fuel injection port, and the injection direction of the first sub-fuel injection port is toward the coupling surface of the first intake rocker arm and the second intake rocker arm.

[0020] In one embodiment, the second injection port further includes a second sub-injection port, the exhaust rocker arm includes a third bracket and a third roller, the third roller is rotatably connected to the third bracket, and the injection direction of the second sub-injection port is towards the space between the third roller and the third bracket.

[0021] In one embodiment, the axis of the first sub-injection hole is arranged parallel to the axis of the second sub-injection hole.

[0022] On the other hand, this application also provides an internal combustion engine, including the cylinder head assembly and a cylinder block, wherein the cylinder head assembly is connected to the cylinder block.

[0023] In another aspect, this application also provides a vehicle, including a body and the aforementioned internal combustion engine, wherein the internal combustion engine is mounted on the body.

[0024] In the aforementioned cylinder head assembly, internal combustion engine, and vehicle, lubricating oil is delivered to the first injection port via a first oil passage. From the first injection port, it is sprayed outwards onto at least one end of the adjusting component and intake valve that are close to each other, and then splashes onto the friction pair between the adjusting component and the intake valve, providing lubrication. Furthermore, the lubricating oil is also delivered to the second injection port via a second oil passage, and then sprayed outwards onto at least one of the intake rocker arm and exhaust rocker arm, ensuring sufficient lubrication at other critical friction pairs in the valve train components. This overcomes the limitations of traditional splashed lubricating oil, which is disordered and lacks sufficient lubrication coverage. It effectively avoids insufficient oil supply and discontinuous oil film problems under full-speed conditions, especially during high-low speed switching, significantly reducing the risks of dry friction, localized overheating, abnormal wear, and rocker arm lock-up. Moreover, no additional independent oil supply lines are required, resulting in a compact overall layout and convenient assembly. This effectively improves the operational reliability of the valve train components, extends the service life of the internal combustion engine, and ensures the stability and consistency of the engine's power output. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the internal combustion engine shown.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural representation of an internal combustion engine.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows another structural view of the internal combustion engine.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the lubrication of the valve train components in an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural view of the lubrication of the valve train components.

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure for lubricating the valve train components.

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 5 The diagram shown is another perspective of the structure for lubricating the valve train components.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 10. Cylinder head; 11. Inlet; 12. Outlet; 13. First oil passage; 131. First closed end; 14. First injection hole; 15. First mounting surface; 16. Second mounting surface; 17. Cover surface; 18. Main oil passage; 19. Oil chamber; 191. Throttling passage; 20. Cylinder head cover; 21. Second oil passage; 211. Second closed end; 22. Second injection hole; 221. First sub-injection hole; 222. Second sub-injection hole; 30. Valve train assembly; 31. Intake valve; 311. Opening / closing part; 312. Guide rod; 313. Elastic element; 314. Support seat; 315. Fixing element. 32. Exhaust valve; 33. Cam mechanism; 34. First rocker arm shaft; 35. Second rocker arm shaft; 36. Intake rocker arm; 361. First intake rocker arm; 3611. Adjusting component; 3612. Nut; 3613. First bracket; 3614. First roller; 362. Second intake rocker arm; 3621. Second bracket; 3622. Second roller; 37. Exhaust rocker arm; 371. Third bracket; 372. Third roller; 40. Crankshaft; 50. Water pump; 60. Thermostat; 70. Drive assembly; 80. Switching component; 90. Cylinder block; Y. Lubricating oil jet; S. Central axis; W. Width direction. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] It should be noted that in this embodiment, "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", and "down" are all based on the placement posture of the internal combustion engine during normal use. The vehicle's driving direction is the "front and back" direction, the direction perpendicular to the driving direction and the vertical direction is the "left and right" direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is the "up and down" direction.

[0037] This application provides a cylinder head assembly, an internal combustion engine, and a vehicle that can improve lubrication reliability, meet the lubrication requirements of moving parts of the valve train components, and reduce the risk of abnormal wear.

[0038] The following will combine Figures 1 to 8 A detailed description will be provided of a cylinder head assembly, an internal combustion engine, and a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] The internal combustion engines provided in this application embodiment include, but are not limited to, two-valve or four-valve internal combustion engines, etc., and are not limited thereto. They can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs. The internal combustion engine in this embodiment can be applied to high-performance cars, SUVs, or motorcycles, etc., which can improve the reliability of lubrication, meet the lubrication requirements of the moving parts of the valve train components, reduce the risk of abnormal wear, and provide a guarantee for the stable operation of the vehicle.

[0040] See Figures 1 to 4 An embodiment of this application provides a cylinder head assembly, including a cylinder head 10 and a cylinder head cover 20. The cylinder head 10 and the cylinder head cover 20 are connected.

[0041] For example, the cylinder head assembly also includes a valve train assembly 30. The valve train assembly 30 is at least partially disposed within the cavity formed by the cylinder head 10 and the cylinder head cover 20. The valve train assembly 30 is used to precisely control the intake and exhaust processes of the internal combustion engine, ensuring that the engine draws in fresh air or a combustible mixture at the correct time and exhausts the exhaust gases in a timely manner, thereby achieving efficient air exchange and maintaining the normal operating cycle of the engine.

[0042] For example, the cylinder head 10 is provided with an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12. The air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12 are located on opposite sides of the cylinder head 10. Fresh air or a combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber through the air inlet 11, and the exhaust gas after combustion is discharged out through the exhaust outlet.

[0043] For example, the valve train assembly 30 includes an intake valve 31 and an exhaust valve 32. The intake valve 31 is used to open or close the intake port 11, and the exhaust valve 32 is used to open or close the exhaust port 12.

[0044] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6For example, the valve train assembly 30 also includes a cam mechanism 33, a first rocker arm shaft 34, a second rocker arm shaft 35, an intake rocker arm 36, and an exhaust rocker arm 37. The cam mechanism 33, the first rocker arm shaft 34, and the second rocker arm shaft 35 are each mounted on the cylinder head 10 and can be stably supported by the cylinder head 10. The cam mechanism 33 is also connected to the crankshaft 40, and the cam mechanism 33 rotates under the drive of the crankshaft 40. The intake rocker arm 36 is rotatably mounted on the first rocker arm shaft 34, which supports the intake rocker arm 36, thus enabling the intake rocker arm 36 to be rotatably mounted on the cylinder head 10. The exhaust rocker arm 37 is rotatably mounted on the second rocker arm shaft 35, which supports the exhaust rocker arm 37. The intake rocker arm 36 is disposed between the cam mechanism 33 and the intake valve 31, and the intake rocker arm 36 can convert the movement of the cam mechanism 33 into the opening or closing of the intake valve 31. The exhaust rocker arm 37 is positioned between the cam mechanism 33 and the exhaust valve 32. The exhaust rocker arm 37 can convert the movement of the cam mechanism 33 into the opening or closing of the exhaust valve to ensure sufficient mixing and combustion of fuel and air. The cam mechanism 33, the intake rocker arm 36, and the exhaust rocker arm work as a single unit to control the opening and closing of the intake valve 31 and the exhaust valve.

[0045] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 For example, the cylinder head 10 is provided with a first oil passage 13 and a first fuel injection hole 14. The first fuel injection hole 14 communicates with the first oil passage 13. The cylinder head cover 20 is provided with a second oil passage 21 and a second fuel injection hole 22. The second fuel injection hole 22 communicates with the second oil passage 21. The intake rocker arm 36 is provided with an adjusting member 3611. Optionally, the adjusting member 3611 may include, but is not limited to, screws, pins, etc., and is not particularly limited here. The adjusting member 3611 is adjustablely disposed on the intake rocker arm 36. The adjusting member 3611 abuts against the end of the intake valve 31 away from the combustion chamber. By adjusting the installation position of the adjusting member 3611 on the intake rocker arm 36, the valve clearance can be adjusted accordingly. In one embodiment, the adjusting member 3611 is a screw, which is fixed to the intake rocker arm 36 by a nut 3612. By rotating the nut 3612, the position of the adjusting member 3611 can be adjusted accordingly.

[0046] Within the lift range of the intake valve 31, the injection direction of the first oil injection hole 14 is towards the adjusting member 3611 and at least one end of the intake valve 31 that is close to each other. That is, during the opening and closing process of the intake valve 31, lubricating oil is transported to the first oil injection hole 14 through the first oil passage 13, and is sprayed outward from the first oil injection hole 14 to form a lubricating oil jet Y. The lubricating oil jet Y formed by the first oil injection hole 14 can be sprayed onto at least one end of the adjusting member 3611 and the intake valve 31 that is close to each other, and can then splash onto the friction pair between the adjusting member 3611 and the intake valve 31, thereby playing a lubricating role.

[0047] Furthermore, the injection direction of the second oil injection hole 22 is directed towards at least one of the intake rocker arm 36 and the exhaust rocker arm 37. Lubricating oil is delivered to the second oil injection hole 22 via the second oil passage 21 and is ejected from the second oil injection hole 22 to form a lubricating oil jet Y. The lubricating oil jet Y formed by the second oil injection hole 22 can be sprayed onto at least one of the intake rocker arm 36 and the exhaust rocker arm 37, thus ensuring sufficient lubrication of other key friction pairs in the valve train assembly 30.

[0048] It is evident that the use of the first injection hole 14 and the second injection hole 22 in cooperation to achieve sufficient lubrication of the key friction pairs of the valve train assembly 30 overcomes the limitations of traditional splashed lubricant with disorder and insufficient lubrication coverage. It effectively avoids problems such as insufficient oil supply and discontinuous oil film that occur under full speed conditions, especially during high-speed and low-speed switching. It significantly reduces the risk of dry friction, local overheating, abnormal wear, and rocker arm locking jamming. At the same time, there is no need to add an independent oil supply line. The overall layout is compact and easy to assemble. It can effectively improve the operational reliability of the valve train assembly 30, extend the service life of the internal combustion engine, and ensure the stability and consistency of the power output of the internal combustion engine.

[0049] Furthermore, the lubricating oil jets Y formed by the first injection hole 14 and the second injection hole 22 are sprayed onto high-speed moving parts, ensuring sufficient lubrication of these parts. While providing ample lubrication to these high-speed moving parts, the lubricating oil is also agitated at high speed, creating a splashing waterfall of lubricating oil and a large amount of oil mist. This oil waterfall and mist allow parts of the valve train assembly 30 that are not directly sprayed by the lubricating oil jet Y, such as rocker arms, rocker arm shafts, elastic elements 313, and cam mechanisms 33, to receive sufficient lubrication through a shower-like process. This improves lubrication, further optimizes and enhances the operational reliability of the valve train assembly 30, extends the service life of the internal combustion engine, and ensures the stability and consistency of the engine's power output.

[0050] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 Optionally, to facilitate connection with the main oil passage 18, both the first oil passage 13 and the second oil passage 21 are located on the same side of the cylinder head assembly. In this way, the main oil passage 18 can easily deliver lubricating oil to the first oil passage 13 and the second oil passage 21, reducing the length of the oil passages and increasing the oil pressure.

[0051] For example, a first oil passage 13 extends upward along the width direction W of the cylinder head assembly, with one end of the first oil passage 13 being a first closed end 131 located on one side of the cylinder head assembly along the width direction W. A second oil passage 21 extends upward along the width direction W, with one end of the second oil passage 21 being a second closed end 211 located on one side of the cylinder head assembly along the width direction W. The width direction W of the cylinder head assembly is perpendicular to the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly.

[0052] For example, the first closed end 131 is provided with a removable sealing element. Specifically, the sealing element includes, but is not limited to, bolts, pins, or snap-fit ​​components, etc., which can be set according to actual needs and are not particularly limited here. In this way, after removing the sealing element, the unobstructedness of the first oil passage 13 can be checked. Furthermore, before the sealing element is installed, since the closed end of the first oil passage 13 has an opening located on the side of the cylinder head 10, it is convenient to machine the first oil passage 13.

[0053] The second closed end 211 can also be set with reference to the first sealing component, which will not be described in detail here.

[0054] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the cylinder head assembly also includes a water pump 50 and a thermostat 60. The thermostat 60 is used to detect the temperature of the heat exchange fluid and adjust the opening or closing of the heat exchange channel according to the temperature of the heat exchange fluid. The water pump 50 provides power to the heat exchange fluid, allowing the cooled heat exchange fluid to flow within the heat exchange channel, thereby cooling the cylinder head assembly. It should be noted that the relationship between the water pump 50 and the thermostat 60 and the heat exchange channel can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, and no special restrictions are imposed here.

[0055] Based on the aforementioned embodiment, the cylinder head 10 has a first mounting surface 15 and a second mounting surface 16 on one side along the width direction W. The water pump 50 is mounted on the first mounting surface 15, and the thermostat 60 is mounted on the second mounting surface 16. Therefore, the water pump 50 and the thermostat 60 are both arranged on the same side of the cylinder head 10 along the width direction W, which facilitates the pipeline connection between the water pump 50 and the thermostat 60 and simplifies the pipeline structure.

[0056] Specifically, the first closed end 131, the second closed end 211, the first mounting surface 15, and the second mounting surface 16 are all located on the same side of the cylinder head assembly along the width direction W. The distances of the first closed end 131 and the second closed end 211 from the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly are all less than the distances of the first mounting surface 15 and the second mounting surface 16 from the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly. This shortens the path of the lubricating oil and increases the oil pressure. In addition, since the first closed end 131 and the second closed end 211 are located on the same side as the water pump 50, maintenance and inspection operations are facilitated. Furthermore, sufficient space is provided for the arrangement of the main oil passage 18 on the cylinder head 10.

[0057] Please see Figure 4In some embodiments, the cylinder head 10 is provided with a mating surface 17 that fits against the cylinder head cover 20. Along the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly, a first oil passage 13 is located between the intake port 11 and the mating surface 17. The entire area of ​​the intake port 11 is located on the side of the first oil passage 13 away from the mating surface 17. In other words, the first oil passage 13 is arranged on the cylinder head 10 near one end of the cylinder head cover 20. Thus, the arrangement of the first oil passage 13 on the cylinder head 10 is more reasonable, and the distance between the first oil injection hole 14 and the adjusting member 3611 and the intake valve 31 at least one end close to each other is smaller, allowing lubricating oil to be better sprayed to the adjusting member 3611 and the intake valve 31 at least one end close to each other, thereby improving lubrication.

[0058] Please see Figure 5 For example, the cylinder head 10 is provided with a main oil passage 18. The main oil passage 18 is connected to the first oil passage 13 and the second oil passage 21. When the oil pump is running, the lubricating oil in the main oil passage 18 is delivered to the first oil passage 13 and the second oil passage 21 respectively. The lubricating oil in the first oil passage 13 is sprayed outward through the first oil injection hole 14 to form a lubricating oil jet Y. The lubricating oil in the second oil passage 21 is sprayed outward through the second oil injection hole 22 to form a lubricating oil jet Y.

[0059] When the oil pressure decreases or the engine is cold, the temperature is low, the oil viscosity is high, and the oil pressure in the oil passage is low. As a result, the first injection hole 14 and the second injection hole 22 will not be able to form a columnar pressure oil jet. The actual oil jet will be deflected by gravity and will not reach the key friction pairs. If the friction pairs are not adequately lubricated, abnormal wear will easily occur, and the internal combustion engine will not be able to work properly.

[0060] Furthermore, without the oil chamber 19, after the internal combustion engine stops, the lubricating oil in each oil passage will gradually flow back to the oil pan, and the oil passage will be emptied. When the internal combustion engine restarts and idles, the oil pump speed is low, and it takes time to refill each oil passage. The lubricating oil takes a long time to reach each friction pair of the valve train assembly 30, which will lead to abnormal wear of each friction pair of the valve train assembly 30.

[0061] Please see Figures 5 to 8Based on this, in addition to the aforementioned embodiments, the cylinder head 10 also includes an oil chamber 19. The oil chamber 19 is disposed between the main oil passage 18 and the first oil passage 13 and the second oil passage 21. The main oil passage 18 is connected to the oil chamber 19, and the oil chamber 19 is connected to both the first oil passage 13 and the second oil passage 21. Thus, on the one hand, when the internal combustion engine is running, the main oil passage 18 continuously supplies high-pressure oil, which enters the oil chamber 19. The oil chamber 19 can stabilize the pressure, ensuring the stability of the outwardly injected lubricating oil jet Y. On the other hand, the presence of an oil chamber 19, which serves as an oil storage chamber, ensures that the lubricating oil is effectively stored after the engine stops, preventing it from flowing back into the oil pan. This allows the pressure to be restored instantly and oil to be injected when the internal combustion engine restarts, thus enabling the lubrication of the various friction pairs of the valve train components 30 when the internal combustion engine is just started, cold, or idling. This effectively avoids problems such as insufficient oil supply and discontinuous oil film during full-speed operation, especially during high-low speed switching, and significantly reduces the risks of dry friction, local overheating, abnormal wear, and rocker arm locking.

[0062] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the cylinder head 10 is further provided with a throttling channel 191, which is located between the oil chamber 19 and the main oil passage 18. The main oil passage 18 is connected to the oil chamber 19 through the throttling channel 191. Thus, by using the throttling channel 191, the lubricating oil is effectively stored in the oil chamber 19 after shutdown, preventing it from flowing back into the oil pan and ensuring that pressure is instantly restored and oil injection is performed upon the next start-up.

[0063] For example, the main oil passage 18 is provided to extend along the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly.

[0064] For example, the oil chamber 19 is located between the first oil passage 13 and the second oil passage 21. In this way, the distance between the oil chamber 19 and the first oil passage 13 and the second oil passage 21 is small, which can reduce oil pressure loss and allow lubricating oil to be supplied to the first oil passage 13 and the second oil passage 21 at a higher oil pressure, thereby improving the lubrication effect.

[0065] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the intake valve 31 includes an opening / closing portion 311, a guide rod 312, and an elastic element 313. The opening / closing portion 311 is connected to one end of the guide rod 312. The cylinder head 10 is also provided with a support portion, and the other end of the guide rod 312 abuts against the support portion through the elastic element 313. When the intake rocker arm 36 is driven by the cam mechanism 33, it drives the guide rod 312 to move through the adjusting member 3611. The guide rod 312 correspondingly drives the opening / closing portion 311 away from the intake port 11 to open the intake port 11, and the elastic element 313 is correspondingly compressed. When the intake rocker arm 36 drives the adjusting member 3611 away from and releases the guide rod 312, the elastic element 313 returns to its original position and drives the opening / closing portion 311 to move, and the opening / closing portion 311 presses against the intake port 11 to close the intake port 11. The guide rod 312 slidably passes through the support portion to ensure that the valve makes reciprocating linear motion, so that the opening and closing portion 311 accurately fits with the intake port 11, and can transfer the heat of the guide rod 312 to the cylinder head cover 20.

[0066] It should be noted that the structure and interrelationship of the exhaust rocker arm 37 and the exhaust valve 32 can be designed with reference to the structure and interrelationship of the intake rocker arm 36 and the intake valve 31, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0067] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the elastic element 313 is specifically a spring, and the intake valve 31 also includes a support seat 314 and a fixing seat 315. The support seat 314 is disposed on the supporting portion, and the fixing seat 315 is disposed on the guide rod 312 near one end of the adjusting member 3611. The spring is sleeved on the guide rod 312 and is disposed between the support seat 314 and the fixing seat 315.

[0068] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The guide rod 312 and the adjusting member 3611 abut against each other and have a transmission relationship. Therefore, the two constitute a key friction pair of the valve train assembly 30. If they are not lubricated in time, abnormal wear will occur, affecting the opening adjustment accuracy of the intake valve 31 and reducing the reliability of the internal combustion engine. Based on this, within the lift range of the intake valve 31, the injection direction of the first injection hole 14 is towards at least one of the fixed seat 315, the end of the guide rod 312 near the adjusting member 3611, and the end of the adjusting member 3611 near the guide rod 312. Thus, it can be understood that during the opening and closing of the intake valve 31 driven by the intake rocker arm 36, lubricating oil is transported to the first injection hole 14 through the first oil passage 13 and sprayed outward from the first injection hole 14. Furthermore, within the lift range of the intake valve 31, the lubricating oil jet Y ejected outward from the first oil injection hole 14 can be sprayed onto at least one of the fixed seat 315, the end of the guide rod 312 near the adjusting member 3611, and the end of the adjusting member 3611 near the guide rod 312, and then splashed onto the moving friction pair between the adjusting member 3611 and the guide rod 312, thus playing a lubricating role.

[0069] The first injection hole 14 extends at an angle to the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly. The specific angle is not limited to 45° to 135°, such as 45°, 60°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, 90°, 95°, 100°, 120° or 145°. The specific angle can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, and no special restrictions are imposed here. In this way, on the one hand, lubricating oil can be sprayed to at least one end of the adjusting member 3611 and the guide rod 312 that are close to each other, thereby lubricating the moving friction pair between the two; on the other hand, the spray direction of the first oil injection hole 14 is inclined towards the direction close to the cover surface 17 of the cylinder head 10, and the angle between the extension direction of the first oil injection hole 14 and the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly is less than 90°. In this way, the first oil injection hole 14 and the first oil passage 13 do not need to be too close to the cover surface 17, which makes it easier to process the first oil passage 13 and the first oil injection hole 14, and also helps to achieve miniaturization of the internal combustion engine along the central axis S.

[0070] It is understandable that during the installation and use of the internal combustion engine in a vehicle, the internal combustion engine is arranged with the cylinder head cover 20 and the cylinder head 10 in a front-to-back configuration, and the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly is set at an angle α with the horizontal plane. This angle α includes, but is not limited to, 0° to 30°, specifically 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, or 30°. The ends of the guide rod 312 and the adjusting member 3611 that are close to each other are located below the first oil injection hole 14. Therefore, the first oil injection hole 14 can spray lubricating oil downwards to the ends of the guide rod 312 and the adjusting member 3611 that are close to each other. Even if the engine is cold or the oil pressure of the lubricating oil decreases, the lubricating oil sprayed from the first oil injection hole 14 can reach the friction pair between the guide rod 312 and the adjusting member 3611 under the action of gravity, ensuring reliable lubrication, avoiding abnormal wear defects, improving the durability and reliability of the moving pair, extending service life, and simplifying the processing technology.

[0071] Based on the aforementioned embodiment, the spray direction of the first oil injection hole 14 is inclined towards the cover surface 17. That is, the first oil injection hole 14 sprays lubricating oil towards the cover surface 17. In this way, the end of the guide rod 312 can extend to the cover surface 17, or even slightly protrude beyond the cylinder head 10, and can still be lubricated by the lubricating oil sprayed from the first oil injection hole 14. Therefore, for the same length of guide rod 312, the dimension of the cylinder head 10 along the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly can be smaller, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the overall size.

[0072] The number of intake valves 31 and exhaust valves 32 is not limited to one; for example, there are at least two of each. The specific number is not specifically limited and can be set according to actual needs. Taking a four-valve internal combustion engine as an example, there are two intake valves 31 and two exhaust valves 32. Correspondingly, the intake rocker arm 36 can drive the two intake valves 31 to open or close, and the exhaust rocker arm 37 can drive the two exhaust valves 32 to open or close.

[0073] When there are two intake valves 31, there are two first oil injection holes 14 and two adjusting members 3611. The two first oil injection holes 14 are arranged one-to-one with the two intake valves 31, and the two adjusting members 3611 are arranged one-to-one with the two intake valves 31. Each first oil injection hole 14 can spray lubricating oil to at least one end of each corresponding guide rod 312 and each adjusting member 3611 that is close to each other, so as to achieve sufficient lubrication at the ends of each guide rod 312 and each adjusting member 3611 that are close to each other. In addition, in order to facilitate the machining of the first oil passage 13, specifically, the first oil passage 13 extends along the arrangement direction of the two guide rods 312, and the extension direction of the first oil passage 13 is perpendicular to the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly.

[0074] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The intake rocker arm 36 includes a first intake rocker arm 361 and a second intake rocker arm 362. The first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362 are each rotatably mounted on a first rocker arm shaft 34. Each of the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362 abuts against a cam mechanism 33 and swings under the drive of the cam mechanism 33. The second intake rocker arm 362 and the first intake rocker arm 361 are arranged side-by-side along the axial direction of the first rocker arm shaft 34. The cylinder head assembly also includes a drive assembly 70 and a switching component 80. The drive assembly 70 is mounted on the outer wall of the cylinder head cover 20, and the switching component 80 is disposed within the space enclosed by the cylinder head 10 and the cylinder head cover 20. The drive assembly 70 and the switching component 80 cooperate with each other. The drive assembly 70 is used to drive and adjust the switching component 80 to a first position or a second position along the axial direction of the first rocker arm shaft 34. When the switching component 80 is driven by the drive assembly 70 to the first position, the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362 are connected to each other through the switching component 80 and swing synchronously. The first intake rocker arm 361 swings according to the swing amplitude of the second intake rocker arm 362, thereby increasing the lift of the intake valve 31 and increasing the intake volume, ensuring more complete combustion of the engine, reducing emissions, and meeting the needs of high-speed vehicle operation. When the switching component 80 is adjusted to the second position, the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362 swing independently. At this time, the lift of the intake valve 31 is controlled by the first intake rocker arm 361, that is, it opens or closes under the drive of the first intake rocker arm 361, while the second intake rocker arm 362 does not come into contact with the intake valve 31, so its movement does not affect the lift of the intake valve 31. The adjusting component 3611 is specifically disposed on the first intake rocker arm 361. Compared to the first position, the second position has a smaller lift of the intake valve 31 and a smaller intake volume.

[0075] It should be noted that the drive component 70 and the switching component 80 can be directly connected, indirectly connected, or mated together. The specific connection can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, as long as the drive component 70 can be used to adjust the position of the switching component 80. The specific connection relationship between the drive component 70 and the switching component 80 is not particularly restricted here.

[0076] In some specific embodiments, the first intake rocker arm 361 is provided with a first mating hole, and the second intake rocker arm 362 is provided with a second mating hole. The switching member 80 passes through the first mating hole. Optionally, the switching member 80 includes a connecting pin, which passes through the first mating hole. The drive assembly 70 and the switching member 80 abut against each other along the axial direction of the first rocker arm shaft 34. When the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362 abut against the base circle portion of the cam mechanism 33, that is, when the intake valve 31 is in the closed state, the second mating hole and the first mating hole are aligned and connected along the axial direction of the first rocker arm. The drive assembly 70 can drive the switching member 80 to move along the axial direction of the first rocker arm shaft 34, so that the connecting pin moves from the second position to the first position and enters the second mating hole. In this way, the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362 are joined together by the connecting pin. Alternatively, the connecting pin can be moved from the first position to the second position, thereby disconnecting the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362, that is, separating them from each other.

[0077] The switching component 80 also includes a reset component. The reset component is connected between the coupling pin and the first intake rocker arm 361. Specifically, when the drive assembly 70 pushes the coupling pin, the coupling pin enters the second mating hole, and the reset component undergoes elastic deformation; when the drive assembly 70 releases the coupling pin, the coupling pin will be reset from the second position to the first position under the action of the reset component.

[0078] The second intake rocker arm 362 and the first intake rocker arm 361 are fitted together to form a separable linkage structure, which then completes the swinging motion under the drive of the cam mechanism 33. In other words, a friction pair is formed between the second intake rocker arm 362 and the first intake rocker arm 361.

[0079] Please see Figures 5 to 8In an optional embodiment, the second oil injection port 22 includes a first sub-oil injection port 221, the injection direction of which is directed toward the mating surface of the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362. Specifically, the lubricating fluid injected from the first sub-oil injection port 221 forms a lubricating oil jet Y, which is sprayed onto the mating surface of the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362. Thus, by setting a first sub-injection hole 221 on the cylinder head cover 20 and precisely directing the injection direction of the first sub-injection hole 221 toward the separable mating surface of the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362, the lubricant delivered by the second oil passage 21 can be directionally sprayed to the friction point where the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362 are in contact. This solves the problem of disordered oil supply and difficulty in establishing a stable oil film at the mating surface in the traditional splash lubrication mode. Especially during the process of the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362 completing the separation and engagement action, it can continuously supply lubricant to the mating surface and form a uniform and continuous lubricant film. This effectively reduces the impact wear of the first intake rocker arm 361 and the second intake rocker arm 362 and the risk of high-temperature ablation of the mating surface, avoids structural jamming and switching failure, and ensures the smoothness and reliability of the valve train assembly 30 switching.

[0080] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 In an optional embodiment, the second injection port 22 further includes a second sub-injection port 222. The injection direction of the second sub-injection port 222 is towards the exhaust rocker arm 37. Specifically, the lubricating fluid injected from the second sub-injection port 222 forms a lubricating oil jet Y, which is sprayed onto the exhaust rocker arm 37. In this way, the pressurized lubricating fluid delivered by the second oil passage 21 can be directionally injected through the second sub-injection port 222 to friction points such as the cam contact surface and rocker arm shaft hinge of the exhaust rocker arm 37, realizing point-to-point precise oil supply to the valve train assembly 30, effectively reducing the risk of dry friction, abnormal wear and movement jamming of the exhaust rocker arm 37, ensuring the smoothness of multi-rocker arm linkage switching and the accuracy of valve timing, further improving the overall operating reliability of the cylinder and extending the service life of the valve train assembly 30.

[0081] It should be noted that the injection direction of the first sub-injection hole 221 and the injection direction of the second sub-injection hole 222 refer to the direction extending along the central axis S of the first sub-injection hole 221 and the second sub-injection hole 222.

[0082] Please see Figure 5The first intake rocker arm 361 includes a first bracket 3613 and a first roller 3614. The first roller 3614 is rotatably connected to the first bracket 3613. The second intake rocker arm 362 includes a second bracket 3621 and a second roller 3622. The second roller 3622 is rotatably connected to the second bracket 3621. The exhaust rocker arm 37 includes a third bracket 371 and a third roller 372. The third roller 372 is rotatably connected to the third bracket 371.

[0083] Please see Figures 5 to 8 In the example, the spray direction of the second sub-injection hole 222 is directed towards the space between the third roller 372 and the third bracket 371. The exhaust rocker arm 37 of this embodiment includes the third bracket 371 and the third roller 372. The roller rocker arm structure formed by the third bracket 371 and the third roller 372 precisely directs the spray direction of the second sub-injection hole 222 towards the rotational mating gap between the third roller 372 and the third bracket 371. This allows the lubricant delivered by the second oil passage 21 to be directly injected into friction points such as the roller pin and rotational mating surface, which are difficult to effectively cover using traditional splash lubrication, ensuring the motion accuracy and operational reliability of the exhaust rocker arm 37.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, the axis of the first sub-injection hole 221 is arranged parallel to the axis of the second sub-injection hole 222. That is, the injection angle of the first sub-injection hole 221 is the same as the injection angle of the second sub-injection hole 222.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first sub-injection hole 221 and the second sub-injection hole 222 are set as a structure with parallel axes. The second injection hole 22 with the same layout angle greatly simplifies the forming process of the internal channel of the cylinder head cover 20. During processing, there is no need to adjust the processing angle of the processing drill bit, which reduces the process difficulty of drilling and the alignment and assembly error, effectively improves the processing efficiency of the cylinder head cover 20 and reduces the production and manufacturing cost.

[0086] In some embodiments, this application also provides an internal combustion engine including a cylinder head assembly of any of the above embodiments, and a cylinder block 90, wherein the cylinder head assembly is connected to the cylinder block 90.

[0087] The aforementioned internal combustion engine includes a cylinder head assembly, and the technical effects are brought about by the cylinder head assembly. The beneficial effects include those of the cylinder head assembly, which will not be elaborated here.

[0088] On the other hand, this application also provides a vehicle, which includes, but is not limited to, automobiles, buses, motorcycles, etc., without limitation. The vehicle includes a body and an internal combustion engine, with the internal combustion engine mounted on the body.

[0089] The aforementioned vehicles, since they include an internal combustion engine, have technical effects brought about by the internal combustion engine, and the beneficial effects include those of the internal combustion engine, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0090] Based on the aforementioned embodiment, the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the angle between the central axis S of the cylinder head assembly and the horizontal plane is α, where 0°≤α≤30°. The first injection port 14 is located above at least one end of the adjusting member 3611 and the intake valve 31 that is close to each other. The second injection port 22 is located above at least one of the intake rocker arm 36 and the exhaust rocker arm 37.

[0091] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0092] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0093] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0094] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0095] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0096] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0097] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cylinder head assembly, characterized in that, include: A cylinder head, wherein the cylinder head is provided with a first oil passage and a first oil injection hole, and the first oil injection hole is connected to the first oil passage; Cylinder head cover, the cylinder head cover being connected to the cylinder head, the cylinder head cover having a second oil passage and a second oil injection port, the second oil injection port being connected to the second oil passage; and A valve train assembly, at least partially disposed within a cavity formed by the cylinder head and the cylinder head cover, the valve train assembly including an intake valve, an intake rocker arm, and an exhaust rocker arm, the intake valve being slidably disposed on the cylinder head, the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm being rotatably disposed on the cylinder head, the intake rocker arm being provided with a position-adjustable adjusting member, the adjusting member being in contact with the intake valve; Wherein, within the lift range of the intake valve, the injection direction of the first fuel injection hole is toward at least one end of the adjusting member and the intake valve that is close to each other; the injection direction of the second fuel injection hole is toward at least one of the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm.

2. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first oil passage extends along the width direction of the cylinder head assembly, and one end of the first oil passage is a first closed end located on one side of the cylinder head assembly along the width direction; and / or, the second oil passage extends along the width direction, and one end of the second oil passage is a second closed end located on one side of the cylinder head assembly along the width direction.

3. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one of the first closed end and the second closed end is provided with a removable sealing element, said sealing element including bolts, pins, or snap-fit ​​elements; and / or, The cylinder head assembly also includes a water pump and a thermostat. The cylinder head has a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface on one side along the width direction. The water pump is mounted on the first mounting surface, and the thermostat is mounted on the second mounting surface. The first closed end, the second closed end, the first mounting surface, and the second mounting surface are all located on the same side of the cylinder head assembly along the width direction. The distances between the first closed end and the second closed end and the central axis of the cylinder head assembly are all less than the distances between the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface and the central axis of the cylinder head assembly.

4. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder head is also provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet valve can open or close the air inlet; the cylinder head is provided with a mating surface that fits into the cylinder head cover; along the central axis of the cylinder head assembly, the first oil passage is located between the air inlet and the mating surface.

5. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder head is provided with an oil chamber and a main oil passage. The main oil passage is connected to the oil chamber, and the oil chamber is connected to the first oil passage and the second oil passage respectively.

6. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cylinder head assembly also satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The cylinder head is also provided with a throttling channel, which is located between the oil chamber and the main oil passage, and the main oil passage is connected to the oil chamber through the throttling channel; (2) The main oil passage extends along the central axis of the cylinder head assembly; (3) The oil chamber is located between the first oil passage and the second oil passage.

7. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intake valve includes a guide rod, an elastic element, a support seat, and a fixed seat slidably disposed on the cylinder head. One end of the guide rod abuts against the adjusting member. The cylinder head has a support portion, the support seat is disposed on the support portion, and the fixed seat is disposed on the end of the guide rod near the adjusting member. The elastic element is a spring, which is sleeved on the guide rod and disposed between the support seat and the fixed seat. Within the lift range of the intake valve, the injection direction of the first injection hole is toward at least one of the fixed seat, the end of the guide rod near the adjusting member, and the end of the adjusting member near the guide rod. And / or, the intake valve is provided in two configurations, the first fuel injection port is provided in two configurations, the adjusting member is provided in two configurations, and each of the first fuel injection port and each of the adjusting members is provided in a corresponding configuration to each of the intake valves.

8. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intake rocker arm includes a first intake rocker arm and a second intake rocker arm; the first intake rocker arm and the second intake rocker arm are arranged side by side and rotatably mounted on the cylinder head, and the first intake rocker arm and the second intake rocker arm are separably coupled; the second fuel injection hole includes a first sub-fuel injection hole, and the injection direction of the first sub-fuel injection hole is toward the coupling surface of the first intake rocker arm and the second intake rocker arm.

9. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second injection port also includes a second sub-injection port. The exhaust rocker arm includes a third bracket and a third roller. The third roller is rotatably connected to the third bracket. The injection direction of the second sub-injection port is between the third roller and the third bracket.

10. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The axis of the first sub-injection hole is set parallel to the axis of the second sub-injection hole.

11. An internal combustion engine, characterized in that, The assembly includes the cylinder head assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, and also includes a cylinder block, wherein the cylinder head assembly is connected to the cylinder block.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a body and an internal combustion engine as described in claim 11, wherein the internal combustion engine is mounted on the body.

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